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Fenton T, Bastida E. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behaviors Trends Among Black High School Students, 2009-2019. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38900998 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2351903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: Physical inactivity and sedentary behaviors are key contributors to the rising rates of childhood obesity. Though many adolescents are aware of the benefits of exercise, youth in America are not sufficiently active. This study examined changes in physical activity (PA), physical education (PE), and sedentary behaviors among Black adolescents. Methods: Pooled data from Black high school students (n = 2,233) who completed the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) from 2009-2019 in Broward County, Florida, were analyzed. Logistic and linear regression models examined trends in selected physical activity indicators. Results: There were no significant changes in recommended physical activity levels (p = .829), daily physical activity (p = .44), PE class attendance (p = .054), or the average number of days of PA engagement (p = .304) for this time period. However, there was a significant decline in daily PE class attendance, the average number of days of PE attendance, and excessive television watching (p < .001). There were also increases in excessive video gaming and computer usage (p = .002). Conclusion: Adolescents' physical activity behaviors have not declined substantially over the past decade. However, sedentary behaviors, such as computer use and video gaming, have markedly increased. Results presented here should assist in broadening the understanding of Black adolescents' views on weight and physical activity and developing local programs and interventions to promote regular physical activity aimed at this population.
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Pinto AA, Marques AP, Pelegrini A. Secular trends in physical activity in adolescents: A systematic review. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2023; 18:207-216. [PMID: 36817225 PMCID: PMC9926116 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2022.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective One in five adolescents has been estimated to perform sufficient physical activity (PA), thus potentially indicating that PA among adolescents has declined. This systematic review was aimed at reporting and summarizing the available knowledge regarding PA secular trends in adolescents over time. Methods Seven databases were consulted (Web of Science, Scopus/Elsevier, Medline/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Lilacs, Physical Education Index, and SPORTDiscus), and 1809 studies were examined. According to the PRISMA guidelines, relevant research on secular PA trends in adolescents was screened for inclusion in a narrative synthesis. The risk of bias in the articles included was also assessed. Results Forty-three studies with data collected between 1969 and 2018 met the inclusion criteria, and data from high-income countries predominated. PA was estimated predominantly by self-reporting, except in seven studies, and diverse contexts and domains were analyzed. Increased PA was reported in 16 studies (from 2.9% to 43.5%), decreased PA was reported in 15 studies (-2.5% to -69.5%), and no change was reported in 22 studies (-12.0% to 14.4%). Conclusions Although PA has increased in some countries, very little information is available in low- and middle-income countries. Efforts should support studies on PA trends in adolescents from economically disadvantaged countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- André A. Pinto
- Center of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Santa Catarina State, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Adilson P.C. Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- ISAMB, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andreia Pelegrini
- Center of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Santa Catarina State, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Lee G, Jang S, Kong S. Physical Activity Patterns According to the Type of Physical Education Classes by Sex and Obesity among Korean Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3151. [PMID: 36833844 PMCID: PMC9961096 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare physical activity patterns according to the type of physical education by sex and body mass index categories among Korean adolescents. We analyzed physical activity using an accelerator in a physical education class among Korean middle school students (1305 boys and 1328 girls). An independent t-test and regression analysis were conducted to compare differences between the obesity groups by sex. As game play time increased, light activity increased in boys in the normal group. Among the girls, sedentary time decreased in the normal, at-risk for obesity, and obese groups. Moderate activity increased in the underweight, normal, at-risk for obesity, and obese groups. Vigorous activity increased in the normal group. As free activity time increased, sedentary time also increased in the normal, at-risk for obesity, and obese groups. Vigorous activity decreased in the normal group. Among the girls, sedentary time increased in the underweight group. Light activity decreased in the underweight and normal groups. A strategy to increase physical activity during physical education class is to increase game play time for girls and decrease free activity time for boys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuil Lee
- Department of Physical Education, Teachers College, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyong Jang
- Department of Taekwondo, College of Arts and Physical Education, Gachon University, Seongnam 13120, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunga Kong
- Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
- Department of Clinical Research Design and Evaluation, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
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Hu X, Drenowatz C, Duncan M, Bao R, Chen S, He J, Tang Y. Physical education, muscle strengthening exercise, sport participation and their associations with screen time in adolescents. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1100958. [PMID: 36891338 PMCID: PMC9986278 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1100958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background/Objective Physical activity (PA) has been suggested to reduce screen time. This study aimed to explore the associations of physical education (PE), muscle-strengthening exercise (MSE), and sport participation with screen time. Methods A multi-cluster sampling design was used to select 13,677 school-attending adolescents that participated in the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance 2019 survey. Adolescents self-reported their frequency of PE attendance, participations in MSE, sport participation and hours for screen time. Additionally, participants provided demographic information including sex, age, race, grade, and weight status. Results Collectively, there were beneficial associations between participating in MSE for 4 (OR = 1.31, CI: 1.02-1.68), 5 (OR = 1.65, CI: 1.31-2.08), 6 (OR = 2.23, CI: 1.47-3.36), 7 (OR = 1.62, CI: 1.30-2.01) days and video or computer game hours. Similarly, beneficial associations between participating in 1 team sport (OR = 1.23, CI: 1.06-1.42), 2 team sports (OR = 1.61, CI: 1.33-1.95), 3 or more team sports (OR = 1.45, CI: 1.16-1.83) and video or computer game hours were observed. Participating in 1 team sport (OR = 1.27, CI: 1.08-1.48), 2 teams sport (OR = 1.41, CI: 1.09-1.82), 3 or more team sport (OR = 1.40, CI: 1.03-1.90) also increased the odds for meeting guidelines for television viewing hours. Only 2 days of PE attendance (OR = 1.44, CI: 1.14-1.81) was significantly associated with video or computer game hours. Conclusion The promotion of sports participation appears to be an important component for reducing excess screen time in adolescents. Further, MSE may have beneficial effects on reducing time spent on the computer and playing video games.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Hu
- Center for Post-doctoral Studies of Sport Science, School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Michael Duncan
- Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Ran Bao
- Active Living Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, NSW, Australia.,Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Sitong Chen
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jinsheng He
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Tang
- School of Physical Education, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
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Ho CY, Fan KY, Yu EWR, Chiu TF, Chung CH, Lee JJ. Metabolic Syndrome Prevalence among High School First-Year Students: A Cross-Sectional Study in Taiwan. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173626. [PMID: 36079883 PMCID: PMC9459940 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Different types of high schools in Taiwan have the same physical education curriculum. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the difference in the prevalence of metabolic syndrome between senior and vocational high school students. We retrospectively collected health check-up data from 81,076 first-year senior and 68,863 vocational high school students in Taipei City from 2011 to 2014, including their blood pressure, height, weight, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and HDL-c levels. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was determined using definitions from the Taiwan Pediatric Association (TPA), International Diabetes Federation (IDF), and de Ferranti et al. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 1.73% (senior and vocational high school students: 1.22% and 2.33%, respectively) using TPA criteria, 1.02% (0.69% and 1.40%, respectively) using IDF criteria, and 5.11% (3.92% and 6.51%, respectively) using de Ferranti et al. criteria. The most prevalent risk factors overall were increased blood pressure and central obesity. Given the significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in vocational school students regardless of the criteria, and that metabolic syndrome causes future adult health risks, the physical education curriculum and health education program in vocational schools should be strengthened to decrease the risk and prevalence of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yu Ho
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Yangming Branch, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Psychology, Soochow University, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Yu Fan
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Yangming Branch, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Ernest Wen-Ruey Yu
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Yangming Branch, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Fang Chiu
- General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital Zhongxiao Branch, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hua Chung
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Yangming Branch, Taipei 111, Taiwan
| | - Jason Jiunshiou Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Taipei City Hospital Yangming Branch, Taipei 111, Taiwan
- General Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Health Care Management, National Taipei University of Nursing and Health Sciences, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Martins J, Marques A, Peralta M, Henriques-Neto D, Costa J, Onofre M, González Valeiro M. A Comparative Study of Participation in Physical Education Classes among 170,347 Adolescents from 54 Low-, Middle-, and High-Income Countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17155579. [PMID: 32748855 PMCID: PMC7432845 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17155579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Given the need for comparative research on the participation of adolescents in physical education (PE) classes as a privileged space for physical activity (PA) promotion, this study sought to estimate, analyse and compare the prevalence of participation in PE classes among adolescents from 54 countries and to examine sex, age, country income and world regions disparities. Data from the Global Students Health Survey (2010–2015) were used, comprising 170,347 adolescents (90,305 girls, aged 13–17 years) from nationally representative samples of 54 countries—of which 7 are low-income, 23 lower-middle-income, 14 upper-middle-income and 10 high-income—and six world regions. The weighted percentages of adolescents participating in PE classes (never, 1–2 days/week, 3–4 days/week, 5 or more days/week) were estimated along 95% confidence intervals and compared across sex, age, country income, region, and country. Most adolescents reported to participate in PE on 1–2 days/week (55.2%), but almost 20% of adolescents reported never participating in PE. Girls, compared to boys, presented a lower prevalence for participating ≥5 days/week (girls 16.8%, boys 20.0%). The prevalence of participating in PE on ≥3 days/week was higher among adolescents aged 13–14 years when compared to adolescents aged 15–17 years (boys: 30.9% vs. 24.6%; girls: 26.1% vs. 18.2%). Concerning the countries’ income, the prevalence of never participating in PE was higher in high-income countries, and participating on ≥3 days/week was higher in low-income countries, but further research is recommended. The findings suggest that national, regional and worldwide data highlight the importance of improving participation in PE, particularly for girls and older adolescents. An improved and continued monitoring of PE policies and their actual implementation is needed worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Martins
- Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte y la Educación Física, Universidad de A Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain;
- Laboratório de Pedagogia, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal;
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.M.); (M.P.)
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-214-149-100
| | - Adilson Marques
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.M.); (M.P.)
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Miguel Peralta
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal; (A.M.); (M.P.)
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Duarte Henriques-Neto
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - João Costa
- Sports Studies and Physical Education Programme, School of Education, University College Cork, T12 YN60 Cork, Ireland;
| | - Marcos Onofre
- Laboratório de Pedagogia, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Instituto de Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-004 Lisboa, Portugal;
| | - Miguel González Valeiro
- Facultad de Ciencias del Deporte y la Educación Física, Universidad de A Coruña, 15001 A Coruña, Spain;
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