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Trouki C, Campanella B, Onor M, Vornoli A, Pozzo L, Longo V, Bramanti E. Probing the alterations in mice cecal content due to high-fat diet. Food Chem 2024; 455:139856. [PMID: 38823144 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity more than doubled between 1990 and 2022. By 2022, 2.5 billion adults aged 18 and older were overweight, with over 890 million of them living with obesity. The urgent need for understanding the impact of high-fat diet, together with the demanding of analytical methods with low energy/chemicals consumption, can be fulfilled by rapid, high-throughput spectroscopic techniques. To understand the impact of high-fat diet on the metabolic signatures of mouse cecal contents, we characterized metabolite variations in two diet-groups (standard vs high-fat diet) using FTIR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis. Their cecal content showed distinct spectral features corresponding to high- and low-molecular-weight metabolites. Further quantification of 13 low-molecular-weight metabolites using liquid chromatography showed significant reduction in the production of short chain fatty acids and amino acids associated with high-fat diet samples. These findings demonstrated the potential of spectroscopy to follow changes in gut metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheherazade Trouki
- CNR-IPCF, Institute of Chemical and Physical Processes, National Research Council, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy; Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, Pisa 56126, Italy
| | - Beatrice Campanella
- CNR-ICCOM, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, National Research Council, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy.
| | - Massimo Onor
- CNR-ICCOM, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, National Research Council, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Andrea Vornoli
- CNR-IBBA, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Luisa Pozzo
- CNR-IBBA, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Longo
- CNR-IBBA, Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
| | - Emilia Bramanti
- CNR-ICCOM, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds, National Research Council, via Moruzzi 1, Pisa 56124, Italy
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Campanella B, Legnaioli S, Onor M, Benedetti E, Bramanti E. The Role of the Preanalytical Step for Human Saliva Analysis via Vibrational Spectroscopy. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13030393. [PMID: 36984834 PMCID: PMC10055013 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13030393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Saliva is an easily sampled matrix containing a variety of biochemical information, which can be correlated with the individual health status. The fast, straightforward analysis of saliva by vibrational (ATR-FTIR and Raman) spectroscopy is a good premise for large-scale preclinical studies to aid translation into clinics. In this work, the effects of saliva collection (spitting/swab) and processing (two different deproteinization procedures) were explored by principal component analysis (PCA) of ATR-FTIR and Raman data and by investigating the effects on the main saliva metabolites by reversed-phase chromatography (RPC-HPLC-DAD). Our results show that, depending on the bioanalytical information needed, special care must be taken when saliva is collected with swabs because the polymeric material significantly interacts with some saliva components. Moreover, the analysis of saliva before and after deproteinization by FTIR and Raman spectroscopy allows to obtain complementary biological information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Campanella
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Legnaioli
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Onor
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Benedetti
- Hematology Unit of Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana (AOUP), 56100 Pisa, Italy
| | - Emilia Bramanti
- Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (ICCOM), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche(CNR), 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-315-2293
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Qu C, Jian C, Ge K, Zheng D, Bao Y, Jia W, Zhao A. A rapid UHPLC-QDa method for quantification of human salivary amino acid profiles. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1211:123485. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Campanella B, Lomonaco T, Benedetti E, Onor M, Nieri R, Marmorino F, Cremolini C, Bramanti E. Fast, Direct Dihydrouracil Quantitation in Human Saliva: Method Development, Validation, and Application. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19106033. [PMID: 35627569 PMCID: PMC9140617 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19106033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background. Salivary metabolomics is garnering increasing attention in the health field because of easy, minimally invasive saliva sampling. Dihydrouracil (DHU) is a metabolite of pyrimidine metabolism present in urine, plasma, and saliva and of fluoropyrimidines-based chemotherapeutics. Its fast quantification would help in the identification of patients with higher risk of fluoropyrimidine-induced toxicity and inborn errors of pyrimidine metabolism. Few studies consider DHU as the main salivary metabolite, but reports of its concentration levels in saliva are scarce. We propose the direct determination of DHU in saliva by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC-UV detector) as a simple, rapid procedure for non-invasive screening. Methods. The method used was validated and applied to 176 saliva samples collected from 21 nominally healthy volunteers and 4 saliva samples from metastatic colorectal cancer patients before and after receiving 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy. Results. DHU levels in all samples analyzed were in the μmol L−1 range or below proving that DHU is not the main metabolite in saliva and confirming the results found in the literature with LC-MS/MS instrumentation. Any increase of DHU due to metabolism dysfunctions can be suggestive of disease and easily monitored in saliva using common, low-cost instrumentation available also for population screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Campanella
- National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds—ICCOM, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.C.); (M.O.); (R.N.)
| | - Tommaso Lomonaco
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Via G. Moruzzi 15, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Edoardo Benedetti
- Hematology Unit, Department of Oncology, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, Via Roma 67, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Massimo Onor
- National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds—ICCOM, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.C.); (M.O.); (R.N.)
| | - Riccardo Nieri
- National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds—ICCOM, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.C.); (M.O.); (R.N.)
| | - Federica Marmorino
- Unity of Oncology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (F.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Chiara Cremolini
- Unity of Oncology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56127 Pisa, Italy; (F.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Emilia Bramanti
- National Research Council of Italy, C.N.R., Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds—ICCOM, Via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy; (B.C.); (M.O.); (R.N.)
- Correspondence:
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Pozzo L, Alcántara C, Selma-Royo M, Garcia-Mantrana I, Bramanti E, Longo V, Collado MC, Pucci L. The impact of sourdough fermentation of spelt (Triticum dicoccum) from Garfagnana on gut microbiota composition and in vitro activity. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Campanella B, Colombaioni L, Nieri R, Benedetti E, Onor M, Bramanti E. Unraveling the Extracellular Metabolism of Immortalized Hippocampal Neurons Under Normal Growth Conditions. Front Chem 2021; 9:621548. [PMID: 33937186 PMCID: PMC8085660 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.621548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolomic profiling of cell lines has shown many potential applications and advantages compared to animal models and human subjects, and an accurate cellular metabolite analysis is critical to understanding both the intracellular and extracellular environments in cell culture. This study provides a fast protocol to investigate in vitro metabolites of immortalized hippocampal neurons HN9.10e with minimal perturbation of the cell system using a targeted approach. HN9.10e neurons represent a reliable model of one of the most vulnerable regions of the central nervous system. Here, the assessment of their extracellular metabolic profile was performed by studying the cell culture medium before and after cell growth under standard conditions. The targeted analysis was performed by a direct, easy, high-throughput reversed-phase liquid chromatography with diode array detector (RP-HPLC-DAD) method and by headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) for the study of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). The analysis of six different batches of cells has allowed to investigate the metabolic reproducibility of neuronal cells and to describe the metabolic "starting" conditions that are mandatory for a well-grounded interpretation of the results of any following cellular treatment. An accurate study of the metabolic profile of the HN9.10e cell line has never been performed before, and it could represent a quality parameter before any other targeting assay or further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Campanella
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Colombaioni
- National Research Council, Institute of Neuroscience (CNR-IN), Pisa, Italy
| | - Riccardo Nieri
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Benedetti
- Hematology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Massimo Onor
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
| | - Emilia Bramanti
- National Research Council, Institute of Chemistry of Organometallic Compounds (CNR-ICCOM), Pisa, Italy
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