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Duong H, Chang P. Topics Included in Health Literacy Studies in Asia: A Systematic Review. Asia Pac J Public Health 2024; 36:8-19. [PMID: 38156482 DOI: 10.1177/10105395231220473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to review general and specific health literacy studies in different countries in Asia to understand the progress of health literacy researches in the region. English-published studies with quantitative measurements of health literacy were collected through a systematic search in PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science, without publication dates limitation. A total of 156 articles on general health literacy, oral, mental, disease-specific health literacy, and eHealth literacy were collected. General health literacy was the most covered topic in 89 articles, followed by eHealth Literacy. Health literacy studies have been conducted in 16 countries and have been increasingly concerned in most of the countries in Asia. China had the largest number of articles, followed by Taiwan. Four studies had participants from more than one country. Education, age, health status, incomes, and living/residential area were significantly associated with health literacy levels in 156 studies, with the prevalence of 55.8%, 28.2%, 20.5%, 17.9%, and 10.9%, respectively. Lower health literacy was related to poorer health outcomes or lower quality of life in 71 studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Duong
- School of Medicine, Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Peter Chang
- Chang Bing Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, USA
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Angelidou IA, Makri M, Beyreuther K, Boada Rovira M, Despoti A, Engelborghs S, Miguel A, Rodríguez I, Stocker H, Temmerman J, Tsolaki M, Yener G, Yerlikaya D, Teichmann B. Attitudes toward pre-symptomatic screening for Alzheimer's dementia in five European countries: a comparison of family members of people with Alzheimer's dementia versus non-family members. Front Genet 2023; 14:1305107. [PMID: 38162684 PMCID: PMC10757380 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1305107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Pre-symptomatic screening is getting more attention in healthcare as it detects the risk for developing neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is very useful for treatment or prevention. AD screening could play an important role in individuals with at least one affected first-degree relative, but also without family history. As the demand for screening is rising worldwide, it is important to consider possible cross-cultural differences in attitudes toward pre-symptomatic screening in order to tailor healthcare services to the needs of each country. Objective: This study aims to investigate the attitudes of family members and non-family members of people with dementia toward pre-symptomatic screening and explore possible differences in attitudes across five European countries (Belgium, Germany, Greece, Spain, Turkey) using translated versions of the "Perceptions regarding pRE-symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease Screening" questionnaire (PRE-ADS). Methods: The multicultural sample (N = 650) was recruited from samples that were previously used in validation studies of the translated PRE-ADS versions. The subscale "Acceptability of Screening", consisting of five PRE-ADS items to specifically explore willingness to undergo screening, was created. Ιnternal consistency was measured, and structural validity was determined using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). Group comparisons were performed to investigate differences in attitudes toward pre-symptomatic AD screening regarding family history and country of origin using the PRE-ADS and the "Acceptability of Screening" mean scores. Results: Construct validity was acceptable for the PRE-ADS. Both the PRE-ADS (α = 0.76) and its subscale "Acceptability of Screening" (α = 0.90) had good internal consistency. Overall, 56.9% of the total sample expressed a positive intention toward pre-symptomatic AD screening. T-tests showed significantly higher mean scores of participants with an affected family member. An international comparison revealed differences in the "Acceptability of Screening" mean score across the five European countries. No cross-cultural differences were found for the PRE-ADS mean score after adjusting for confounding variables. Conclusion: The PRE-ADS and its subscale are reliable tools for assessing pre-symptomatic AD screening attitudes. Variations in the acceptability of screening seem to be linked to family history and cultural influences. Further research with larger samples is needed to explore underlying relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Makri
- 1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Greek Association of Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI—AUTh), Balkan Center, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Konrad Beyreuther
- Network Aging Research (NAR), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mercè Boada Rovira
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona–Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Akyllina Despoti
- Clinical Ergospirometry, Exercise and Rehabilitation Lab, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Zografou, Greece
| | - Sebastiaan Engelborghs
- Department of Neurology and NEUR Research Group, Center for Neurosciences, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Andrea Miguel
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona–Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodríguez
- Research Center and Memory Clinic, Ace Alzheimer Center Barcelona–Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Hannah Stocker
- Network Aging Research (NAR), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joke Temmerman
- Department of Neurology and NEUR Research Group, Center for Neurosciences, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel and Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Magda Tsolaki
- 1st Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Görsev Yener
- Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Deniz Yerlikaya
- Faculty of Medicine, Izmir University of Economics, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Birgit Teichmann
- Network Aging Research (NAR), Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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Rooha A, Shetty S, Bajaj G, Jacob NL, George VM, Bhat JS. Development and validation of educational multimedia to promote public health literacy about healthy cognitive aging. Health Expect 2023; 26:2571-2583. [PMID: 37635370 PMCID: PMC10632613 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Health literacy (HL) about healthy cognitive aging is essential in preventing cognitive decline and promoting cognitive well-being. It is important that one such HL module should be scientifically designed, delivered in a technically sound manner to the audience, and specific to the context. The present study thus aimed at developing and validating educational multimedia about cognitive health. METHODS The study followed a methodological framework and was carried out across three phases, that is, identification of themes, development and validation of educational script and design, and validation of educational multimedia. The module was scripted based on the Integrated HL framework and the recommendations made during the modified nominal group technique among the research team. Seven speech-language pathologists (SLPs), with expertise in the field of cognitive sciences, and 15 representatives of the general public validated the module using the Educational Content Validation Instrument in Health and the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool for Audiovisual Materials questionnaire. RESULTS The scientific content of the educational script received satisfactory agreements among the experts (content validity index [CVI]: 0.93) and representatives of the general public (CVI: 0.86). The technical aspects of the educational multimedia were rated to have high understandability (experts: 92.8%; representatives of general public: 98.8%) and actionability (experts and representatives of general public 100%). CONCLUSION Overall, the developed educational multimedia scored optimally with respect to the objective, structure, relevance of the content, actionability and understandability of the multimedia. The developed module holds the potential to be used at community and national level health educational programs or awareness campaigns to enhance public knowledge and beliefs pertaining to cognitive health. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION SLPs with expertise in the field of cognitive science and representatives from the general public were included to validate and obtain feedback on the developed educational multimedia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysha Rooha
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyKasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Shreya Shetty
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyKasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Gagan Bajaj
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyKasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Nidhi L. Jacob
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyKasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnatakaIndia
| | - Vinitha M. George
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyNational Institute of Speech and HearingTrivandrumKeralaIndia
| | - Jayashree S. Bhat
- Department of Audiology and Speech Language PathologyNitte Institute of Speech and Hearing, DeralakatteMangaloreKarnatakaIndia
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Brown MT, Brangman SA, Smith NH. Early Identification of Cognitive Impairment: Utility of the Mini-Cog in Non-Clinical Settings. J Appl Gerontol 2023; 42:2139-2147. [PMID: 37224462 DOI: 10.1177/07334648231175606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
While we currently cannot cure Alzheimer's disease or change the course of the disease, there are advantages to early detection. Routine, evidence based, brief cognitive screens offer destigmatized opportunities for diagnosis and improve the possibility of early identification of cognitive impairment. This community-based participatory research project evaluated the use of the Mini-Cog™ instrument to detect cognitive impairment in vulnerable community-dwelling older adults when administered by trained social services providers. Over 9 months, a case manager screened 69 clients ages 65 to 94 (mean 74.67) who met inclusion criteria for the pilot; 84.1% were female, 53.6% were Black, 26% were living with undetected cognitive impairment. Although participants agreed to Mini-Cog™ screening, two-thirds with Mini-Cog™ scores indicating cognitive impairment refused referrals for further evaluation. Future interventions should reduce stigma by educating the public about dementia and engaging members of racial and cultural communities in outreach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Brown
- School of Social Work and Aging Studies Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Sharon A Brangman
- Department of Geriatrics, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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Wuttke A, Palm S, Geschke K, Fellgiebel A. Public knowledge and attitudes about mental health in older age in Germany - Focus on dementia and late-life depression. Prev Med Rep 2023; 35:102384. [PMID: 37680860 PMCID: PMC10480774 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Older people with mental disorders represent a particularly vulnerable group in the health care system. Despite this, mental disorders in this group often remain undiagnosed or are not treated in accordance with guidelines, potentially due to a lack of knowledge or unfavorable attitudes regarding mental disorders in older individuals. Therefore, in an anonymous online survey of 1,284 participants (71.8% female, mean age 52.3 ± 18.0 years), we assessed knowledge and attitudes regarding mental health in old age in general and regarding dementia and late-life depression in particular. Regression analyses were conducted to determine predictors of higher knowledge and more favorable attitudes based on sociodemographic data. On average, participants answered 11 ± 2 out of 15 of the knowledge questions correctly. Items on the prevention of dementia, late-life depression symptoms, and associated suicide risk were most likely to be answered incorrectly. Participants showed less favorable attitudes towards people living with dementia than towards people with late-life depression, and higher knowledge scores were associated with more favorable attitudes. Our findings highlight a clear need for psychoeducation in the field of dementia and late-life depression, with a special emphasis on prevention-related knowledge. Fostering knowledge in this area is highly relevant, as it might positively influence attitudes towards older people with mental disorders, in turn facilitating health care and health-promoting behavior among older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wuttke
- Center for Mental Health, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Center for Mental Health in Old Age (ZpGA), Landeskrankenhaus, Mainz, Germany
| | - Svenja Palm
- Center for Mental Health in Old Age (ZpGA), Landeskrankenhaus, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Geschke
- Center for Mental Health in Old Age (ZpGA), Landeskrankenhaus, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
| | - Andreas Fellgiebel
- Center for Mental Health in Old Age (ZpGA), Landeskrankenhaus, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Mainz, Germany
- Hospital for Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, Agaplesion Elisabethenstift, Darmstadt, Germany
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Kouzuki M, Tanaka N, Miyamoto M, Urakami K. Suggestions on the ideal method of conducting community screenings for older adults. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:397. [PMID: 37380967 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-04119-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Since dementia and frailty lead to a reduced quality of life and risk of needing long-term care in the older adults, we hypothesized that evaluations related to dementia and frailty would be useful and of high interest in screening for the older adults. Therefore, we conducted a community screening incorporating multiple simple evaluations related to dementia and frailty. In addition to various functional evaluations, we investigated interest in tests, thoughts on the disease, and the relationships between subjective (i.e., how one feels about oneself) and objective evaluations (i.e., the results of tests and rating scales). The purpose of this study was to examine the thoughts regarding tests and diseases and the functions that make it difficult to accurately perceive changes by oneself, and to obtain suggestions on the ideal method of community screening for the older adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS The participants were 86 people aged 65 and over living in Kotoura Town who participated in the community screening, for which we obtained background information and body measurements. We also assessed physical, cognitive and olfactory function, evaluated nutritional status, and we administered a questionnaire (interest in tests, thoughts on dementia and frailty, and a subjective functional evaluation). RESULTS Regarding interest in tests, the participants answers were highest for physical, cognitive and olfactory function, in that order (68.6%, 60.5%, and 50.0%, respectively). In the survey on thoughts on dementia and frailty, 47.6% of participants felt that people with dementia were viewed with prejudice, and 47.7% did not know about frailty. Regarding the relationship between subjective and objective evaluations, only the assessment of cognitive function did not show a correlation between both evaluations. CONCLUSIONS From the viewpoint of the participants' degree of interest in and the need for accurate evaluations through objective examination, the findings suggest that the assessment of physical and cognitive function may be beneficial as a screening tool for older adults. Objective evaluation is essential, particularly for assessing cognitive function. However, approximately half the participants believed people with dementia were viewed with prejudice and did not know about frailty, which may lead to barriers to testing and low interest. The importance of increasing the participation rate in community screening through disease-related educational activities was suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Kouzuki
- Department of Biological Regulation, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-Cho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan.
| | - Nobuto Tanaka
- Department of Dementia Prevention, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-Cho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Madoka Miyamoto
- Department of Dementia Prevention, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-Cho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan
| | - Katsuya Urakami
- Department of Dementia Prevention, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-Cho, Yonago, 683-8503, Japan
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Xue B, Luo C, Luo X. Attitudes toward dementia screening and influential factors in older adults in China. Psychogeriatrics 2023; 23:211-221. [PMID: 36457142 DOI: 10.1111/psyg.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dementia will likely be an ongoing concern for future generations, and according to the World Health Organization, two-thirds of dementia cases are missed diagnoses. We aimed to explore the attitudes of older adults toward dementia screening and the related influencing factors. METHODS A multicentre cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were collected using questionnaires between 2020 December and 2021 June from five provinces in China. The study included older adults aged 60 years or older, living in China. A sociodemographic questionnaire and the Perceptions Regarding Investigational Screening for Memory in Primary Care scale were used to assess attitudes toward and influencing factors of dementia screening. RESULTS A total of 279 participants completed the questionnaires. The results revealed housing status as a positive factor in the acceptance dimension, while high income was the primary positive factor in the benefits of screening dimension. Having religious beliefs, low income, and never participating in social activities were positive factors for the stigma dimension. Widowed marital status and participation in social activities were negative factors for the independence dimension, while having religious beliefs positively influenced the suffering dimension. CONCLUSIONS This study showed that participants held a relatively positive attitude toward dementia screening, although they had concerns about stigma and negative impact on independence. Further studies are required to develop intervention strategies to help older adults improve their attitudes and quality of life, promote cognitive health, and facilitate healthy ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chang Luo
- School of Artificial Intelligence of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianwu Luo
- School of Nursing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Makri M, Gkioka M, Moraitou D, Fidani L, Tegos T, Tsolaki M. Attitudes, Motivations, and Barriers to Pre-Symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease Screening: Development and Validation of the 'Perceptions regarding pRE-symptomatic Alzheimer's Disease Screening' (PRE-ADS) Questionnaire. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 95:1163-1174. [PMID: 37661876 DOI: 10.3233/jad-220954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre-symptomatic screening methods for detecting a higher risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are gaining popularity; thus, more people are seeking these tests. However, to date, not much is known about the attitudes toward pre-symptomatic AD screening. OBJECTIVE The goal of this study is to examine the psychometric properties of a tool for assessing the attitudes, barriers, and motivations to pre-symptomatic AD screening. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study performed on 208 Greek participants (189 students and 19 caregivers) provided with an online questionnaire. Psychometric properties were assessed through the examination of its construct validity (principal component analysis) and internal consistency. RESULTS Exploratory factor analysis revealed the presence of four factors. The first factor is labeled as "Perceived harms of testing" (10 items), the second "Acceptance of testing" (5 items), the third "Perceived benefits of testing" (6 items), and the fourth factor "Need for knowledge" (4 items). The reliability (internal consistency) of each factor separately was acceptable to good (0.70-0.87) while the internal consistency of the overall questionnaire (25 items) was good (Cronbach's α=0.82). CONCLUSION PRE-ADS is a valid questionnaire that might help in the research of peoples' attitudes related to the pros and cons of pre-symptomatic screening for AD, and the development of effective counseling programs and prevention strategies. However, future research is required in the target population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Makri
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Greek Association of Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI - AUTh), Balkan Center, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Mara Gkioka
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI - AUTh), Balkan Center, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Despina Moraitou
- Department of Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI - AUTh), Balkan Center, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Liana Fidani
- Department of Medical Biology-Genetics, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thomas Tegos
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI - AUTh), Balkan Center, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Magdalini Tsolaki
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Greek Association of Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Innovation (CIRI - AUTh), Balkan Center, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Smith GD, Ho K, Lee A, Lam L, Chan S. Dementia literacy in an ageing world. J Adv Nurs 2022; 79:2167-2174. [PMID: 36582068 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIMS This discursive article aims to capture and explore the most pertinent nursing aspects of dementia literacy (DL). BACKGROUND Older people constitute a rapidly increasing proportion of the global population, experiencing higher risk of developing chronic disease, including dementia. It is important that older adults receive and understand reliable health-related information, as age-related changes may affect the level of health literacy in an older person. It has been suggested that older adults may have poorer health literacy than younger adults, associated with poorer health outcomes. Health literacy, how people receive, interpret and act on health information, play a significant role in dementia-related disorders, both as a possible predicter of onset of dementia and as a potential modifier of cognitive decline. Dementia literacy constitutes one aspect of health literacy in relation to nursing care, related to knowledge of dementia-related disorders and approaches towards older people with dementia. DESIGN This discursive article explores the importance of DL for the nursing profession, including dementia-related assessment, education and interventions. METHOD This article is informed by analysis of relevant descriptive and empirical literature and policy documents related to DL, an increasingly important aspect of dementia-related nursing care. Valid assessment tools that can accurately assess aspects an individuals' DL are examined; these have the potential to help nurses detect dementia-related symptoms. With early detection and prevention of dementia, older people may have better chance of benefiting from evolving treatment options. CONCLUSION Greater attention needs to be given to the issue of DL in older people, especially in terms of nursing assessment and care. Globally, increased DL-related education is urgently required to improve knowledge of this concept; this includes public awareness initiatives to better understanding this chronic condition. IMPLICATION NURSING PRACTICE Enhancing DL has the potential to empower older people to have greater access to healthcare services and to make more informed decisions about their health care. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION No patient or public contribution, as this is a discursive article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Graeme Drummond Smith
- School of Health Sciences, Caritas Institute of Higher Education, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ken Ho
- Nethersole School of Nursing, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Allen Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Linda Lam
- Faculty of Medicine, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Kouzuki M, Miyamoto M, Tanaka N, Urakami K. Validation of a novel computerized cognitive function test for the rapid detection of mild cognitive impairment. BMC Neurol 2022; 22:457. [PMID: 36476188 PMCID: PMC9727980 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-022-02997-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the present study, we examined the distinguishing ability of a mild cognitive impairment (MCI) assessment tool for rapid screening using a computer (MARC) for Alzheimer's disease dementia (ADD), MCI, and non-demented controls (NDC) with no cognitive impairment, as well as its validity and reliability, as part of a preliminary trial for the development of the tool. METHODS A total of 64 participants (23 in the ADD group, 17 in the MCI group, and 24 in the NDC group) were analyzed. The participants were administered MARC and a pre-existing computerized Alzheimer's dementia screening test (MSP), and 31 participants (14 in the MCI group, 17 in the NDC group) were readministered MARC within 4 months from the first test. RESULTS The median (interquartile range) test time for MARC was 401 (350-453) s. Total MARC scores were significantly worse in the MCI and ADD groups than in the NDC group (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). In the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) when comparing the NDC and MCI groups was 0.866 (95% CI, 0.759-0.974), when comparing the NDC and AD groups was 0.989 (95% CI, 0.970-1.000), and when comparing the MCI and AD groups was 0.889 (95% CI, 0.790-0.988). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation with the results of the existing test, MSP (r = 0.839, p < 0.001). In addition, the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) (1,1) when the first and second MARC scores were compared was 0.740 (95% CI, 0.529-0.865; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS MARC is considered capable of distinguishing MCI with high accuracy. The tool has good validity and reliability, and it can be administered in a short period of time without the need for a specialist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Kouzuki
- grid.265107.70000 0001 0663 5064Department of Biological Regulation, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, 683-8503 Japan
| | - Madoka Miyamoto
- grid.265107.70000 0001 0663 5064Department of Dementia Prevention, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, 683-8503 Japan
| | - Nobuto Tanaka
- grid.265107.70000 0001 0663 5064Department of Dementia Prevention, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, 683-8503 Japan
| | - Katsuya Urakami
- grid.265107.70000 0001 0663 5064Department of Dementia Prevention, School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 86 Nishi-cho, Yonago, 683-8503 Japan
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Wang S, Shan Q, Cheung DSK, Xu X, Leung ISH, Leung AYM. Influence of dementia literacy and caregiving appraisal on the psychological wellbeing of informal caregivers of people with dementia: A cross-sectional study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:971481. [PMID: 36186770 PMCID: PMC9515462 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.971481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDementia informal caregiving is a global phenomenon. It is well documented that caregivers' psychological health is often affected by busy caregiving schedules. Lawton's two-factor model indicates that caregivers' psychological wellbeing is influenced by caregiving appraisal and other caregiver factors. Our review also identified the significance of dementia literacy, which was an essential caregiver factor. However, it is imperative for a clear understanding of the mechanism of how psychological wellbeing is influenced by them.ObjectivesTo explore the association among dementia literacy, caregiving appraisal, and psychological wellbeing and the influencing mechanisms between them.MethodsTwo hundred and twenty-three informal caregivers of people with dementia were involved in this cross-sectional study. Dementia literacy was measured by the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale and Dementia Attitude Scale. Caregiving appraisal and psychological wellbeing were measured with the Caregiving Appraisal Scale and Ryff's Psychological wellbeing Scale, respectively. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of participants and key outcome variables. Pearson's correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation among the variables. Structural equation modeling was used to examine the hypothetical mediating role of caregiving appraisal in the relationship between dementia literacy (i.e., knowledge of dementia and attitude toward dementia) and caregivers' psychological wellbeing.ResultsThe hypotheses were partially confirmed. Attitude toward dementia was significantly associated with caregiving appraisal (r = 0.312, p < 0.01) and psychological wellbeing (r = 0.311, p < 0.01). However, knowledge of dementia was only significantly associated with psychological wellbeing (r = 0.136, p < 0.05). The structural equation modeling fitted well (p = 0.078, CFI = 0.987, RMSEA = 0.038). In the fitted model, caregiving appraisal partially mediated the association between attitude toward dementia and psychological wellbeing. In contrast, attitude toward dementia and caregiving appraisal fully mediated the association between knowledge of dementia and psychological wellbeing.ConclusionEfforts can be exerted to improve dementia caregivers' caregiving appraisal and attitude toward dementia to improve their psychological wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Wang
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- School of Nursing and Health, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Community Health Services, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- *Correspondence: Shanshan Wang
| | - Qiuju Shan
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Daphne Sze Ki Cheung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xinyi Xu
- School of Nursing, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
- Postdoctoral Research Station in Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Hebei, China
| | - Isaac Sze Him Leung
- Department of Statistics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Angela Yee Man Leung
- School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Community Health Services, School of Nursing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Holm E, Jacobsen KK, Lony TB, Lembeck M, Pedersen H, Andersson C, Johannsen P, Jørgensen TSH, Torp‐Pedersen C. Frequency of missed or delayed diagnosis in dementia is associated with neighborhood socioeconomic status. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA: TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH & CLINICAL INTERVENTIONS 2022; 8:e12271. [PMID: 35356741 PMCID: PMC8943602 DOI: 10.1002/trc2.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Underdetection of dementia in areas with low socioeconomic status (SES) may interfere with findings concerning associations between SES and dementia. Methods Using administrative registers we assessed the associations between age‐ and sex‐adjusted dementia incidence and neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES) in 94 Danish municipalities. Wealth was divided into income quartiles and other nSES variables were dichotomized into high versus low according to the median. Results High population density (odds ratio [OR] 1.21, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18–1.24), higher proportion of inhabitants in higher income quartiles (P for trend < .0001), and high educational level (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.15–1.22) were associated with higher incidence of dementia. High proportion of residents above 65 years was associated with lower age‐adjusted dementia incidence (OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.84–0.89). Discussion Low nSES municipalities have a lower age‐adjusted incidence of dementia diagnosis. These findings corroborate prior concerns that a large number of dementia diagnoses may be missed in municipalities characterized by low SES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Holm
- Department of Internal Medicine University Hospital Zealand Køge Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Katja Kemp Jacobsen
- Department of Technology Faculty of Health and Technology University College Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
| | - Thea Bang Lony
- Geriatric Section Department of Internal Medicine Nykøbing Falster Hospital Nykøbing Falster Denmark
| | - Maurice Lembeck
- Geriatric Section Department of Internal Medicine Nykøbing Falster Hospital Nykøbing Falster Denmark
| | - Hanne Pedersen
- Geriatric Section Department of Internal Medicine in Glostrup Amager Hvidovre Hospital Glostrup Denmark
| | - Charlotte Andersson
- Department of Medicine Section of Cardiovascular Medicine Boston University Medical Center Boston Massachusetts USA
| | - Peter Johannsen
- International Medical Vice President, Medical & Science Clinical Drug Development Novo Nordisk Copenhagen Denmark
| | | | - Christian Torp‐Pedersen
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Research Nordsjaellands Hospital Hillerød Denmark
- Department of Public Health University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark
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