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Augusto-Landa JM, García-Martínez I, León SP. Analysis of the Effect of Emotional Intelligence and Coping Strategies on the Anxiety, Stress and Depression Levels of University Students. Psychol Rep 2024; 127:1751-1770. [PMID: 36471637 DOI: 10.1177/00332941221144603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The present study examines the direct and indirect effects of trait emotional intelligence (trait EI) on levels of stress, anxiety and depression, and whether these are moderated by coping strategies. To this end, the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, Coping Strategies Inventory and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales were administered to 567 university students. The findings point to a direct relationship between EI and the levels of anxiety, depression and stress. EI directly explained the university students' levels of anxiety, depression and stress, and it indirectly explained such levels through coping strategies. The article concludes by pointing out practical implications for university education and the improvement of students' socio-emotional well-being.
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Garces-Arilla S, Fidalgo C, Mendez-Lopez M, Osma J, Peiro T, Salvador A, Hidalgo V. Female students' personality and stress response to an academic examination. ANXIETY, STRESS, AND COPING 2024; 37:460-472. [PMID: 37771236 DOI: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2264208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women are vulnerable to stress-related disorders. Examinations are a source of stress, triggering emotional, cognitive, and hormonal responses. We examined women's psychological and hormonal stress responses and academic performance according to personality during a real-life examination. METHODS Female students (N = 66) were divided into two groups based on hierarchical cluster analysis: one cluster characterized by high neuroticism and moderate extraversion (HN-ME; n = 42) and the other by low neuroticism and high extraversion (LN-HE; n = 24). Academic performance, perceived stress, and emotional dysregulation were analyzed. State anxiety, affect, and cortisol release were measured before and on the examination day. RESULTS The HN-ME cluster was high in perceived stress, emotional dysregulation, and negative affect. This cluster also had higher state anxiety levels two days before and shortly after the examination compared to the LN-HE cluster. Students' cortisol levels were higher on the examination day, and there was a marginal significance of the Cluster factor in the cortisol release regardless of the day of measurement. CONCLUSIONS Women with high neuroticism and moderate extraversion may be more vulnerable to psychological stress in academic settings but similar to other women in their cortisol response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Garces-Arilla
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Zaragoza, IIS Aragón, Teruel, Spain
| | - Camino Fidalgo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Zaragoza, IIS Aragón, Teruel, Spain
| | - Magdalena Mendez-Lopez
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Zaragoza, IIS Aragón, Teruel, Spain
| | - Jorge Osma
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Zaragoza, IIS Aragón, Teruel, Spain
| | - Teresa Peiro
- Department of Nursing, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alicia Salvador
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
- Spanish National Network for Research in Mental Health CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Vanesa Hidalgo
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University of Zaragoza, IIS Aragón, Teruel, Spain
- Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychobiology, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Pérez T, Pardo MC, Cabellos Y, Peressini M, Ureña-Vacas I, Serrano DR, González-Burgos E. Mental health and drug use in college students: Should we take action? J Affect Disord 2023; 338:32-40. [PMID: 37245551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND College students are vulnerable to suffering from anxiety and depression. Moreover, mental disorders can contribute to drug consumption or inappropriate use of prescribed drugs. Studies on this topic in Spanish college students are limited. This work analyses anxiety and depression and psychoactive drug intake pattern in the post-COVID era in college students. METHODS An online survey was conducted among college students from UCM (Spain). The survey collected data including demographic, academic student perception, GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales, and psychoactive substances consumption. RESULTS A total of 6798 students were included; 44.1 % (CI95%: 42.9 to 45.3) showed symptoms of severe anxiety and 46.5 % (CI95%: 45.4 to 47.8) symptoms of severe or moderately severe depression. The perception of these symptoms did not change after returning to face-to-face university classes in the post-COVID19 era. Despite the high percentage of cases with clear symptoms of anxiety and depression, most students never had a diagnosis of mental illnesses [anxiety 69.2 % (CI95%: 68.1 to 70.3) and depression 78.1 % (CI95%: 77.1 to 79.1)]. Regarding psychoactive substances, valerian, melatonin, diazepam, and lorazepam were the most consumed. The most worrying issue was the consumption of diazepam, 10.8 % (CI95%: 9.8 to 11.8), and lorazepam, 7.7 % (CI95%: 6.9 to 8.6) without medical prescription. Among illicit drugs, cannabis is the most consumed. LIMITATIONS The study was based on an online survey. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of anxiety and depression aligned with poor medical diagnosis and high intake of psychoactive drugs should not be underestimated. University policies should be implemented to improve the well-being of students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Pérez
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Carmen Pardo
- Department of Statistics and Operational Research, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Matemática Interdisciplinar (IMI), Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yolanda Cabellos
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Melina Peressini
- Department of Statistics and Data Science, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Ureña-Vacas
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores R Serrano
- Pharmaceutics and Food Technology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Plaza Ramón y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain..
| | - Elena González-Burgos
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacognosy and Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Ibáñez-Del Valle V, Navarro-Martínez R, Cauli O. Association between Depressive Symptoms and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet in Nursing Students. Nutrients 2023; 15:3158. [PMID: 37513576 PMCID: PMC10383405 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With university admission, there are major changes in students' daily habits that can lead to mental health problems. In this respect, adherence to a healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean diet (MD), can be very beneficial. The present study examines the associations between adherence to the MD and mental health among Spanish nursing students (n = 289). Sociodemographic data and life habits were collected electronically using a self-administered questionnaire. The participants also completed the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS-14) and the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS). The percentage of anxiety and depression symptoms was high: 45.3% (n = 131) and 46.4% (n = 134), respectively. Only 35.6% reported good adherence to the MD (score ≥ 9). The statistical analysis showed poor adherence to the MD to be significantly and positively associated with depressive symptoms (p = 0.013) and the total score on the GADS (p = 0.039). A multivariable regression model analysis identified the depression subscale score as a predictor variable, with a mean risk of low adherence to the MD being 0.803 times (95%CI: 0.666-0.968, p = 0.021) among participants with greater depressive symptoms. These results support the implementation of prevention programs in universities focused on health and mental health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Ibáñez-Del Valle
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Organized Group (FROG), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Chair of Active Ageing, University of Valencia, 4610 Valencia, Spain
| | - Rut Navarro-Martínez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Organized Group (FROG), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Chair of Active Ageing, University of Valencia, 4610 Valencia, Spain
| | - Omar Cauli
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Frailty and Cognitive Impairment Organized Group (FROG), University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
- Chair of Active Ageing, University of Valencia, 4610 Valencia, Spain
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Yang SW, Koo M. The Big Five Personality Traits as Predictors of Negative Emotional States in University Students in Taiwan. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:16468. [PMID: 36554348 PMCID: PMC9779468 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192416468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Negative emotional states, such as stress, anxiety, and depression, are prevalent in university students. Personality traits have been shown to be associated with a wide range of behaviors in students, such as academic motivation, achievement, and social well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the Big Five personality traits and negative emotion states in university students in Taiwan. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 580 university students in Taiwan. Negative emotional states were evaluated using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and the Big Five personality traits were measured using the 48-item Big Five Inventory. A hierarchical linear regression analysis was used to assess the factors associated with DASS-21 scores. Neuroticism (standardized beta [std. β] = 0.45, p < 0.001) and openness (std. β = 0.12, p = 0.003) were significantly associated with DASS-21 scores, while agreeableness (std. β = -0.10, p = 0.007) was significantly and inversely associated with DASS-21 scores. Personality traits could be used to identify students at risk of negative emotional states and to undertake appropriate preventive strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Wei Yang
- Department of Education, National Chiayi University, Chiayi City 600355, Taiwan
- Department of Styling and Cosmetology, Tainan University of Technology, Tainan City 710302, Taiwan
| | - Malcolm Koo
- Graduate Institute of Long-Term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien City 970302, Taiwan
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5T 3M7, Canada
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Sualeh M, Uddin MR, Junaid N, Khan M, Pario A, Ain Q. Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Menstrual Cycle: A Cross-Sectional Study From Karachi, Pakistan. Cureus 2022; 14:e28630. [PMID: 36196308 PMCID: PMC9524410 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Del Savio A, Galantini K, Pachas A. Exploring the relationship between mental health-related problems and undergraduate student dropout: A case study within a civil engineering program. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09504. [PMID: 35663741 PMCID: PMC9160475 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dropout has always been a concerning issue within higher education. This research explores the relationship between mental health-related problems and undergraduate students' dropout rates amid the COVID-19 pandemic and within a civil engineering program. The study is quantitative descriptive, with a non-experimental and longitudinal design. Results show that the dropout rates of civil engineering students from a private university have increased, comparing before and after the COVID-19 pandemic, primarily due to mental health-related problems. Three strong tendencies within these rates have been detected, directly related to the COVID-19 pandemic. It was concluded that undergraduate students' mental health had been undermined due to the pandemics, which has had an immediate impact on the increase of dropout rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A.A. Del Savio
- Civil Engineering Program, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru
| | - K. Galantini
- Civil Engineering Program, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru
- Architecture Program, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru
- Corresponding author.
| | - A. Pachas
- Civil Engineering Program, Universidad de Lima, Lima, Peru
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Montoro-Fernández E, Cárdenas-Gutiérrez AR, Bernal-Guerrero A. Entrepreneurial Resilience: A Case Study on University Students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:2589. [PMID: 35270281 PMCID: PMC8910058 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19052589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Entrepreneurial resilience refers to the capacity to face, overcome and project oneself after suffering life events with a negative impact. Emerging adulthood and the characteristics of university life facilitate the occurrence of stressful situations that can affect well-being. The aim of this phenomenological research is to explore the strategic components of entrepreneurial resilience and how young university students have shaped their entrepreneurial resilience after experiencing negative life events. The present research is a multiple case study that was developed through a mixed methodology. The methodological sequence was quantitative and qualitative, with priority given to the qualitative phase of the research. Ten university students with high levels of resilience were interviewed. The data were analysed using thematic analysis. The results indicate that resilience is built through intrapersonal and exopersonal processes. These processes make up a set of strategic dimensions related to entrepreneurial behaviour that are used for the construction of personal projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabet Montoro-Fernández
- Department of Communication and Education, Faculty of Social and Human Sciences, University Loyola Andalucía, 41704 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Ramón Cárdenas-Gutiérrez
- Department of Theory and History of Education and Social Pedagogy, Faculty of Education Sciences, Seville University, 41013 Seville, Spain; (A.R.C.-G.); (A.B.-G.)
| | - Antonio Bernal-Guerrero
- Department of Theory and History of Education and Social Pedagogy, Faculty of Education Sciences, Seville University, 41013 Seville, Spain; (A.R.C.-G.); (A.B.-G.)
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Pei Y, Wang J, Tang J, Yan N, Luo Y, Xie Y, Zhou Q, Zhang C, Wang W. Network connectivity between benevolent childhood experiences and uncertainty stress among Chinese university students. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1007369. [PMID: 36386984 PMCID: PMC9665163 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1007369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to explore the association between benevolent childhood experiences (BCEs) and uncertainty stress among Chinese university students by network analysis. METHODS A total of 1,830 university students from three Chinese cities were recruited. Respondents' BCEs and uncertainty stress were self-reported using online questionnaire. The structure of the BCEs-uncertainty stress and related centrality indicators were examined for this sample. RESULTS The overall network model showed that "no ways to suit the important changes in life" was the most influential, followed by "all things are not going well," "feel that there is nothing to do," and "worry about the future." And in this network, the most influential bridge symptom was "having a positive self-concept." CONCLUSION The central symptoms of the BCEs-uncertainty stress network should be prioritized as targets in interventions and prevention efforts to reduce uncertainty stress among Chinese university students. Improving university students' positive self-concept is important to alleviate the level of uncertainty stress among Chinese university students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Pei
- Department of Community and Health Education, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Wang
- Department of Community and Health Education, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Community and Health Education, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Na Yan
- Department of Community and Health Education, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yunjiao Luo
- Department of Community and Health Education, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yaofei Xie
- Department of Community and Health Education, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Caiyi Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Xuzhou Oriental Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Community and Health Education, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Human Genetics and Environmental Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Center for Medical Statistics and Data Analysis, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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