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Shoshani A, Kor A. The longitudinal impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents' internalizing symptoms, substance use, and digital media use. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024; 33:1583-1595. [PMID: 37540475 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-023-02269-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the long-term effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent internalizing symptoms, substance use, and digital media use before and during the pandemic. A nationally representative longitudinal cohort of 3718 Israeli adolescents aged 12-16 at baseline completed measures of internalizing symptoms (anxiety, depression, and somatization), the prevalence of substance use (i.e., previous 30-day use of tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis), and average daily use of internet/television, video games, and social media. Social support and daily routines were assessed as potential protective factors for mental health. Data were collected in 10 public schools at four measurement points: before the Covid-19 outbreak (September 2019), after the first wave lockdown (May 2020), after the third wave lockdown (May 2021), and after the fifth wave of the pandemic (May 2022). Multi-level mixed models were used to analyze the longitudinal data. The results showed significant increases in internalizing symptoms, substance use (tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis), and daily screen time from the start of the study to the 33-month follow-up. Social support and daily routines moderated the increases in internalizing symptoms and digital media use. These findings highlight the need for public and educational mental health services to address the continuing impact of the pandemic on adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anat Shoshani
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), P.O.Box 167, 46150, Herzliya, Israel.
| | - Ariel Kor
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), P.O.Box 167, 46150, Herzliya, Israel
- School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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Hayden Griffin O, Leban L, Singh D, Webb M, Narayanan S. Deconstructing Differential Drug Coverage within a Malaysian Media Source. J Psychoactive Drugs 2024; 56:272-278. [PMID: 36864012 DOI: 10.1080/02791072.2023.2186287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Many researchers have noted that media coverage of drugs can be sensationalized and/or have questionable accuracy. Additionally, it has been alleged that the media often treats all drugs as harmful and can fail to differentiate between different types of drugs. Within this context, the researchers sought to deconstruct how media coverage was similar and/or different according to drug type within a national media outlet in Malaysia. Our sample comprised 487 news articles published over a two-year period. Articles were coded to reflect thematic differences in drug framing. We focus on five drugs widely used in Malaysia (amphetamines, opiates, cannabis, cocaine, and kratom) and assess the most frequent themes, crimes, and locations mentioned in reference to each drug. All drugs were primarily covered in a criminal justice context, and articles highlighted concern about the spread of these drugs and their abuse. Drug coverage varied, particularly in association with violent crimes, specific regions, and discussion of legality. We find evidence of both similarities and differences in how drugs were covered. Variation in coverage demonstrated that certain drugs were deemed a heightened threat, as well as reflected broader social/political processes shaping ongoing debates over treatment approaches and legality.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Hayden Griffin
- Department of Criminal Justice, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Lindsay Leban
- Department of Criminal Justice, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Darshan Singh
- Centre for Drug Research, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Megan Webb
- Department of Sociology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- School of Social Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
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Post SM, Jobe MC, Malekzadeh AN, AuBuchon KE, Hoffman RK, Stock ML, Bowleg L. Watching the fall of Roe v. Wade: Media exposure relates to U.S. women's alcohol use intentions. PSYCHOLOGY OF ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS 2024; 38:197-204. [PMID: 37676169 PMCID: PMC10918026 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Supreme Court of the United States' decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization in June 2022 overturned Roe v. Wade and ended federal protection of abortion rights. Given the drastic policy changes as a result of the ruling and high exposure to media related to abortion, women opposed to the decision may have experienced distress, which could trigger maladaptive coping strategies, such as alcohol use. The present research examined how consuming abortion-related media in the weeks following the Dobbs decision impacted alcohol use intentions among women of reproductive age residing in the 13 "trigger law" states that immediately restricted abortion access. METHOD A sample of 196 women (Mage = 30.52, SD = 6.9) residing in trigger law states answered questions about abortion-related media consumption, views toward the Dobbs ruling, negative affect, and alcohol use intentions. RESULTS Consuming more abortion-related media predicted higher alcohol use intentions for women who opposed the ruling, but not those who were in favor of abortion restrictions. CONCLUSIONS This timely study provides evidence of how the Dobbs ruling is associated with health ramifications beyond reproduction, yielding insights about how high media exposure to large-scale, distressing events may put those most affected-women of reproductive age in states that enacted new policies restricting abortion access-at risk for alcohol use. Findings highlight an imperative direction for future research as abortion restrictions continue to be spotlighted in U.S. media and state legislatures. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacy M Post
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University
| | - Mary C Jobe
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University
| | | | - Katarina E AuBuchon
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University
| | - Rebecca K Hoffman
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University
| | - Michelle L Stock
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University
| | - Lisa Bowleg
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, George Washington University
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Kor A, Shoshani A. Moderating the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's and adolescents' substance use, digital media use, and mental health: A randomized positive psychology addiction prevention program. Addict Behav 2023; 141:107660. [PMID: 36809741 PMCID: PMC9922204 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2023.107660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research suggests that well-being interventions are effective in moderating substance and digital media use and improving mental health. This study evaluated the feasibility and preliminary efficacy of a school-based Positive Psychology Addiction Prevention (PPAP) intervention aimed at reducing substance and digital media use and increasing the mental health of school children during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The sample was composed of 1,670 children and adolescents (Mean age = 12.96, SD = 2.01) from six elementary and secondary schools in Israel who were randomly assigned to the PPAP intervention (n = 833) or the waiting-list control conditions (n = 837). A three-year longitudinal repeated-measures randomized control design was used to examine modifications in substance use, digital media use, and psychological symptoms in the intervention and control groups assessed on the pre-test (before the outbreak of COVID-19, September 2019), the post-test (May 2021), and the 12-month follow-up (May 2022). RESULTS The 12-month prevalence of tobacco use, alcohol use, and cannabis use decreased significantly from the pre- to the follow-up period in the intervention group, and increased significantly in the control group. Daily digital media use increased during the pandemic period in both groups, with a significantly higher increase in the control group. The intervention group reported significantly lower psychological symptoms and negative emotions, and greater positive emotions and life satisfaction after the intervention and at follow-up compared to the control group. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly disrupted the lives of children and adolescents. Well-being and addiction prevention interventions may be effective in improving the mental health of school children during pandemics and crisis periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Kor
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), Israel; School of Medicine, Yale University, United States.
| | - Anat Shoshani
- Baruch Ivcher School of Psychology, Reichman University (IDC Herzliya), Israel
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Xiong HY, Zhang G, Wang L, Li Z, Shen Q, Li Y, Zhu H, Du Y, Sun L, Zhao B, Zhao L, Fu H, Li X, Gao X, Hao S, Ding J, Chen Z, Xu Z, Liu X, Tao Y, Zhang A, Li Q, Wang M. Psychological research of the children with chronic kidney disease and their guardians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Public Health 2022; 10:922678. [PMID: 36324445 PMCID: PMC9621117 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.922678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is great mental stress due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, there are no detailed psychological studies of the children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and their guardians during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objective This study explores the psychological pressure on children with CKD and their guardians. Methods An online survey was conducted at 20 of the largest pediatric nephropathy departments in China, including the Rutter Parent Questionnaire, Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS). Overall, 885 children (589 children with CKD associated with 296 children of the control group) completed the survey together with their guardians. Results There was no statistical difference between CKD children and control children regarding their Rutter behavior scores and abnormal behaviors. Nevertheless, the abnormal behavior of children might aggravate the anxiety and depression of guardians in both CKD and control groups (p < 0.05). We confirmed that the anxiety and depression of guardians in the CKD group were both significantly higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The guardians in the CKD group with lower annual income were more likely to experience anxiety (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the guardians whose children were older than 11 years old might be more anxious than those who were 6-11 years old. Besides, the guardians in the CKD group who watched the news for 30-60 min daily were less likely to have depression than those who watched < 10 min (p < 0.05). The subgroup results showed that the gender, the time of watching the news, the annual income of guardians, and children's age might be the most critical factors influencing guardians' psychological burden. Conclusion The guardians in the CKD group have more severe anxiety and depression during the pandemic. The children's abnormal behavior, adolescents' pressure, low household income, and the panic about the pandemic may be the main reasons for the anxiety and depression of guardians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Ying Xiong
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gaofu Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Wang
- Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhijuan Li
- Department of Nephrology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuhong Li
- Department of Nephrology, Guiyang Children's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongtao Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China
| | - Yue Du
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liangzhong Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Kunming Children's Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, Shanxi Children's Hospital, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haidong Fu
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojie Gao
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sheng Hao
- Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Juanjuan Ding
- Wuhan Children's Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zongwen Chen
- Chongqing Three Gorges Central Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhiquan Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, and Immunology, Hainan Women and Children's Medical Center, Haikou, China
| | - Xiaorong Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhong Tao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Aihua Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiu Li
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mo Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Mo Wang
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