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Voráčová J, Sigmund E, Vorlíček M, Dygrýn J, Sigmundová D. Accelerometer-measured sleep behaviour and parent-child sleep guideline adherence and sleep quality in Czech families with children aged 3-8 years: the FAMIly Physical Activity, Sedentary behaviour and Sleep (FAMIPASS) study. J Sleep Res 2024:e14242. [PMID: 38757216 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Assessing parent-child relationship in sleep behaviours is important for facilitating changes in the sleep guideline compliance in preschool age children. The aim of this study was to examine accelerometer-measured sleep quantity and quality in families with children aged 3-8 years and investigate the parents' influence on the child's sleep. The data were obtained from the Czech cross-sectional FAMIly Physical Activity, Sedentary behaviour and Sleep (FAMIPASS) study, with a final sample of 374 families. Families were recruited through the enrolment of their children in kindergartens/primary schools between March 2022 and May 2023. The sleep time window and total sleep time were assessed using a wrist-worn ActiGraph accelerometer. Participants wore this device continuously for 24 h/day over a period of 7 consecutive days. Demographic data and potential correlates were obtained via questionnaires completed by parents. Statistical analyses were completed using logistic regression and independent-samples Mann-Whitney U test. In all, 65.5% of children (60% boys, 70.9% girls) and 58.3% of parents (52.4% fathers, 64.3% mothers) achieved the recommended sleep duration. Greater sleep quantity and duration in good-quality sleep were significantly higher in girls/mothers, compared to boys/fathers. Preschoolers were more likely to comply with sleep guidelines if their mother (but not father) met the sleep recommendation and their mothers did not have a higher education level. Adhering to sleep guidelines in children was also associated with children's female gender, absence of screen device in the bedroom, and being more active. Given the high concurrence in mother-child sleep quantity, it is important to promote healthy sleep behaviours in the whole family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslava Voráčová
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Department of Social Sciences in Kinanthropology, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Sigmund
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Vorlíček
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Sigmundová
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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López-Gil JF, Tapia-Serrano MA, Sevil-Serrano J, Sánchez-Miguel PA, García-Hermoso A. Are 24-hour movement recommendations associated with obesity-related indicators in the young population? A meta-analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:2727-2739. [PMID: 37726964 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the relationship between meeting all three 24-hour movement recommendations (i.e., physical activity, sleep duration, and screen time) and obesity-related indicators among young people. METHODS Four databases were systematically searched (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library). RESULTS Meeting the 24-hour movement recommendations was cross-sectionally associated with lower overall obesity-related indicators (r = -0.09, 95% CI: -0.11 to -0.06), but no longitudinal association was found. Regarding each obesity-related indicator separately, meeting all three recommendations was related to lower odds of overweight/obesity (odds ratio = 0.65, 95% CI: 0.56 to 0.76) and obesity alone (odds ratio = 0.28, 95% CI: 0.16 to 0.50). An inverse relationship between meeting 24-hour movement recommendations and BMI, BMI z score, waist circumference, and body fat was also found. Regarding subgroup analysis, the association between 24-hour movement recommendations and overall obesity-related indicators was similar regardless of sex, comparison used (meeting all three vs. not meeting [i.e., those who met zero to two of the movement behaviors] or meeting all three vs. none), and type of measure to assess 24-hour movement recommendations (i.e., self-reported or accelerometer-based measures). CONCLUSIONS Meeting all 24-hour movement recommendations may be a crucial factor in maintaining a healthy weight status in the young population.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Francisco López-Gil
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- One Health Research Group, Universidad de Las Américas, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Miguel Angel Tapia-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Javier Sevil-Serrano
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Pedro Antonio Sánchez-Miguel
- Department of Didactics of Musical, Plastic and Body Expression, Faculty of Teaching Training, University of Extremadura, Avenida de la Universidad, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Universidad Pública de Navarra, IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
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Miguel-Berges ML, Mouratidou T, Santaliestra-Pasias A, Androutsos O, Iotova V, Galcheva S, De Craemer M, Cardon G, Koletzko B, Kulaga Z, Manios Y, Moreno LA. Longitudinal associations between diet quality, sedentary behaviours and physical activity and risk of overweight and obesity in preschool children: The ToyBox-study. Pediatr Obes 2023; 18:e13068. [PMID: 37525363 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lifestyle behaviours related to diet and physical activity are associated with increased risk of obesity and evidence suggests that associations might be stronger when a synergetic effect is examined. OBJECTIVE To examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between diet, screen time (ST) and step recommendations and risk of overweight and obesity in European preschoolers participating in the ToyBox-study. METHODS In this cluster-randomized clinical trial, 718 children (51.4% boys) from six European countries participated. Parents filled out questionnaires with information on socio-demographic status, step recommendations and ST. RESULTS Longitudinal results indicate that participants having a low Diet Quality Index (DQI), not meeting ST and step recommendations at T0 and T1 had higher odds of having overweight/obesity at T1 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.116; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.104-2.562) than those children having a high DQI and meeting ST and step recommendations at T0 and T1. Similarly, participants having a high DQI, but not meeting ST and step recommendations at T0 and T1 had increased odds of having overweight/obesity (OR = 2.515; 95% CI = 1.171-3.021). CONCLUSIONS The proportion of participants having a low DQI, not adhering to both step and ST recommendations was very high, and it was associated with a higher probability of having overweight and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María L Miguel-Berges
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Theodora Mouratidou
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University, Sitia, Greece
| | - Alba Santaliestra-Pasias
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Odysseas Androutsos
- Lab of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Physical Education, Sport Science and Dietetics, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | | | - Greet Cardon
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Berthold Koletzko
- LMU-Ludwig Maximilians Universität Munich, Department Paediatrics, Dr von Hauner Children's Hospital, LMU University Hospitals, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Yannis Manios
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences & Education, Harokopio University Athens, Athens, Greece
- Institute of Agri-food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Luis A Moreno
- Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development (GENUD) Research Group, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Zaragoza, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Sigmundová D, Dygrýn J, Vorlíček M, Banátová K, Voráčová J, Sigmund E. FAMIly Physical Activity, Sedentary behaviour and Sleep (FAMIPASS) study: protocol for a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e073244. [PMID: 37550023 PMCID: PMC10407347 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-073244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of children's healthy and active lifestyles, including habit formation for optimal 24-hour movement behaviour, is associated with their family environment. A whole-family study collecting comprehensive data that can evaluate family lifestyle behaviours in different settings in depth has the potential to provide the evidence-based information needed for national guidelines, for designing interventions and for supporting policy-makers' decisions. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The FAMIly Physical Activity, Sedentary behaviour and Sleep (FAMIPASS) study is a nationally representative cross-sectional study that will recruit 500 families (with at least 1 child aged between 3 and 8 years) from the urban and rural parts of all three regions of the Czech Republic. To examine the relationship between family environment and children's healthy development (eg, healthy weight) and children's active lifestyle behaviour, anthropometric measures, parents' health-related behaviour (including dietary habits, alcohol and tobacco use, screen time and bedtime rules and 24-hour movement behaviour), socioeconomic data and data about the characteristics of the home and neighbourhood will be collected from parents and children. The 24-hour movement behaviour (eg, sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity) will be monitored using wGT3X-BT and GT9X Link ActiGraph accelerometers placed on the non-dominant wrist of the children and their parents for 7 consecutive days. The accelerometers will be set up for each family separately, using the group proximity mode, allowing proximity tagging between devices and establishing the time spent together and parent-child coactivities. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The overarching methodological protocol of the FAMIPASS project was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Physical Culture, Palacký University Olomouc, Czech Republic (reference number: 25/2021). The results and findings will be reported to: (1) the participating families and (2) school representatives and will be (3) presented at national and international conferences and (4) disseminated via peer-reviewed publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Sigmundová
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Dygrýn
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Vorlíček
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Kamila Banátová
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jaroslava Voráčová
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Department of Social Sciences in Kinanthropology, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Erik Sigmund
- Faculty of Physical Culture, Institute of Active Lifestyle, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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Marques A, Ramirez-Campillo R, Gouveia ÉR, Ferrari G, Tesler R, Marconcin P, Loureiro V, Peralta M, Sarmento H. 24-h Movement Guidelines and Overweight and Obesity Indicators in Toddlers, Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. SPORTS MEDICINE - OPEN 2023; 9:30. [PMID: 37184735 DOI: 10.1186/s40798-023-00569-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Engaging in physical activity increases energy expenditure, reducing total body fat. Time spent in sedentary behaviours is associated with overweight and obesity, and adequate sleep duration is associated with improved body composition. This systematic review aimed to analyse the relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and obesity indicators in toddlers, children and adolescents. METHODS A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted. PubMed, Web of Science and Scopus were searched from inception to December 2021. Cross-sectional and prospective studies that analysed the relationship between 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity written in English, French, Portuguese or Spanish were included. PROSPERO registration number is CRD42022298316. RESULTS The associations between meeting the 24-h movement guidelines and standardised body mass index were null in the two studies for toddlers. Seven studies analysed the relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity among preschool children. Of these seven studies, six found no association between compliance with 24-h movement guidelines and body composition. Among children and adolescents, 15 articles were analysed. Of these 15 studies, in seven, it was found that children and adolescents who meet the 24-h movement guidelines were more likely to have lower risks of overweight and obesity. The meta-analysis yielded a pooled OR = 0.80 (95% CI = 0.68 to 0.95, p = 0.012, I2 = 70.5%) in favour of compliant participants. Regarding participants' age groups, compliance with 24-h movement guidelines seems to exert greater benefits on overweight and obesity indicators among children-adolescents (OR = 0.62, p = 0.008) compared to participants at preschool (OR = 1.00, p = 0.931) and toddlers (OR = 0.91, p = 0.853). CONCLUSION Most included studies have not observed a significant relationship between compliance with the 24-h movement guidelines and overweight and obesity in toddlers, children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adilson Marques
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal.
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | - Rodrigo Ramirez-Campillo
- Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Laboratory, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Élvio R Gouveia
- Department of Physical Education and Sport, University of Madeira, Funchal, Portugal
- LARSYS, Interactive Technologies Institute, Funchal, Portugal
| | - Gérson Ferrari
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Riki Tesler
- School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
| | - Priscila Marconcin
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal
- KinesioLab Research Unit in Human Movement Analysis, Instituto Piaget, Almada, Portugal
| | - Vânia Loureiro
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Arts, Humanities and Sports, School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Beja, Beja, Portugal
| | - Miguel Peralta
- CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, 1499-002, Cruz Quebrada, Lisbon, Portugal
- ISAMB, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Hugo Sarmento
- Research Unit for Sport and Physical Activity, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Physical Education, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Lifestyle Risk Factors for Overweight/Obesity in Spanish Children. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9121947. [PMID: 36553390 PMCID: PMC9777298 DOI: 10.3390/children9121947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Childhood obesity is one of the main public health concerns in Europe. The aim was to identify possible risk factors associated with overweight/obesity in Spanish preschool and school-age children. The sample (1075 (50.7% girls) children aged 3 to 12) is part of the project 'Alimentando el Cambio' whose objective is to promote healthy lifestyles in schools. Child height and weight were measured, and parents filled out questionnaires related to the children's lifestyle. There was a positive and significant association between sweetened beverage consumption and body mass index (BMI) z-score in both sexes and age groups. There was a negative and significant association between BMI z-score and dairy products in girls of both age groups. There was also a protective effect of regular nut consumption on overweight/obesity in girls 6-12 y. Night-time sleep during weekdays showed a negative association with BMI z-score for older boys and girls. A positive and significant association was found between total screen time and BMI z-score during weekdays. Regarding emotional well-being and self-esteem, having girls 6-12 y laughing and feeling happy and good about themselves in the last week was a protective factor against overweight/obesity. Childhood obesity prevention efforts may benefit from targeting these key risk factors.
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Shi Y, Cheng G, Jiang N, Li C, Min X, Yan Y. Association of outdoor activity time and screen time with sleep for 36 to 54 months children in Kaifu District, Changsha: A birth cohort study. ZHONG NAN DA XUE XUE BAO. YI XUE BAN = JOURNAL OF CENTRAL SOUTH UNIVERSITY. MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 47:1408-1417. [PMID: 36411692 PMCID: PMC10930368 DOI: 10.11817/j.issn.1672-7347.2022.210687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence rate of sleep problems in children in China is increasing in recent years. There are inconsistencies in the relationship between physical activity and sleep, and the impact of screen time on young children seems more obvious.This study aims to understand the current situation of outdoor activity time, screen time and sleep (total sleep duration, bedtime, and wake-up time) and the associations between outdoor activity time and screen time with sleep for children aged 36-54 months in Kaifu District of Changsha. METHODS Using the cluster sampling method, 1 286 newborns delivered in 3 community health service centers in Kaifu District, Changsha from January to December 2015 were selected as the research subjects to establish a prospective birth cohort. According self-designed questionnaire and household follow-up to select 36, 42, 48, 54 months Children's data. The mixed linear model was used to explore the associations of outdoor activity time and screen time with sleep. RESULTS The 36-54 months children's total sleep duration was decreased from 11.60 h/d to 10.92 h/d (P<0.001); bedtime time delayed from 21:58 to 22:00 (P=0.124); wake-up time advanced from 7:52 to 7:37 (P<0.001); outdoor activity time was decreased from 2.58 h/d to 1.94 h/d (P<0.001), and screen time was decreased from 1.28 h/d to 1.09 h/d (P<0.001). With aging, the prevalence of sleep <10 h/d and outdoor activity time <2 h/d was increased significantly, and the prevalence of screen time ≥1 h/d was decreased (P<0.05). Mixed linear models showed that longer outdoor activity time was related to increased total sleep duration (β=0.22, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.44) and delayed wake-up time (β=0.16, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.32), and longer screen time was related to delayed bedtime (β=0.22, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.39) and wake-up time (β=0.24, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.41). These associations were different in gender. Longer outdoor activity time was related to delayed wake-up time (β=0.37, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.59) in boys, but not in girls (β=-0.16, 95% CI -0.33 to 0.01). Longer screen time was associated with delayed bedtime (β=0.40, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.63) and wake-up time (β=0.33, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.51) in girls, but only related to delayed wake-up time (β=0.29, 95% CI 0.06 to 0.52) in boys, and the degree of association was lower than that of girls. CONCLUSIONS Among children aged 36-54 months in Kaifu District, Changsha, there are problems including going to bed late and getting up late, insufficient physical activity, and long screen time. Outdoor activity time and screen time are related to sleep. Increasing outdoor activity time and reducing screen time can help to improve children's sleep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
| | - Gang Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Ni Jiang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xianying Min
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
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Li F, Yin L, Sun M, Gao Z. Examining Relationships among Chinese Preschool Children's Meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Fundamental Movement Skills. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195623. [PMID: 36233491 PMCID: PMC9571092 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Few studies have investigated associations between meeting 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and preschool children’s fundamental movement skills (FMS). This study aimed to investigate the associations between Chinese preschoolers meeting various combinations of the Guidelines and FMS, as well as examining gender differences across those outcomes. Methods: A total of 322 preschool children (181 boys and 141 girls) aged 3−6 years old were recruited from five early-childhood education and care services in China. Children’s 7-day physical activity (PA) was assessed using accelerometry, and screen time (ST) and sleep duration were reported by their parents. FMS were assessed by Test of Gross Motor Development 3. Descriptive statistics and gender differences in children’s meeting the Guidelines and FMS were calculated using t-tests for continuous variables and Chi-square tests for categorical variables. Results: Most preschoolers met the sleep and ST guidelines, but only 22.3% met the PA guidelines; 4% of preschoolers did not meet any of the recommendations, while 9.3% met all three recommendations. Boys reported significantly higher compliance with all combined recommendations. There were positive associations between meeting the PA guidelines and both locomotor (β = 0.49; p < 0.001) and object control skills (β = 0.21; p < 0.001). A significantly positive relationship was identified between meeting PA + sleep guidelines and locomotor skills (β = −0.16; p = 0.02). A significantly negative association was observed between preschoolers’ meeting sleep + ST guidelines and locomotor skills (β = 0.31; p = 0.001). Conclusion: Few preschoolers met all three movement behavior guidelines. The findings suggest that PA levels, especially MVPA, are important for the promotion of FMS. Meanwhile, the impacts of ST and sleep on motor development cannot be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- School of Physical Education, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China
| | - Long Yin
- School of Physical Education, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Mingyun Sun
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421002, China
| | - Zan Gao
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Parent-perceived neighbourhood environment, parenting practices and preschool-aged children physical activity and screen time: a cross-sectional study of two culturally and geographically diverse cities. BMC Pediatr 2022; 22:309. [PMID: 35624474 PMCID: PMC9137173 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-022-03377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preschool-aged children's physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) are important health-related behaviours likely influenced by PA opportunities, parental perceptions of neighbourhood safety and parenting practices pertaining to PA and ST. How these factors interact to impact on young children's PA and ST, and whether their effects are generalisable across cultures and geographical location is not known. This study addressed these knowledge gaps by conducting pooled analyses of comparable data from two culturally and geographically diverse samples - Chinese parent-child dyads from an ultra-dense city (Hong Kong, China) and Latino parent-child dyads from a low-density city (Houston, USA). METHODS The analytical sample consisted of 164 Hong Kong Chinese and 84 US Latino parent-child dyads with data on socio-demographic characteristics, parent-perceived neighbourhood destinations and facilities for children's PA, physical and social safety-related neighbourhood attributes, PA-related parenting practices and child's ST and accelerometer-assessed PA. Generalised linear models with robust standard errors accounting for neighbourhood-level clustering were used to estimate associations and interaction effects. RESULTS Hong Kong Chinese children accumulated less PA than US Latino children, although the latter had more ST. Hong Kong Chinese parents reported more parenting practices promoting inactivity. Neighbourhood PA opportunities were positively related to children's PA only if parental perceptions of neighbourhood safety were favourable, and the associations of physical neighbourhood environment characteristics with children's PA and ST depended on PA-related parenting practices. Community cohesion was positively related to children's PA and negatively related to ST, while parental promotion of ST was positively associated with children's ST. Correlates of children's PA and ST did not differ by city. CONCLUSIONS The substantial differences in activity patterns between Hong Kong Chinese and US Latino preschool-aged children observed in this study are likely due to a combination of cultural and built environmental factors. However, the fact that no between-city differences in correlates of PA and ST were detected indicates that both populations of children are equally affected by parent-perceived neighbourhood environmental characteristics and parenting practices. Overall, this study highlights the importance of considering how various individual-, home- and neighbourhood physical and social factors interact to influence young children's health-promoting activity levels.
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