1
|
Park SY, Lee SK, Song WJ, Kim MH, Ban GY, Kim JH, Kim BK, Kwon JW, Sohn KH, Lee HY, Jung JW, Park CS, Kang SY, Yang MS, Lee JH, Jang AS, Kim SR, Lee T, Rhee CK, Park HW, Kim SH, Chang YS, Koh YI, Lee BJ, Park HS, Kim SH, Cho YS. Real-World Effectiveness of Biologics in Patients With Severe Asthma: Analysis of the KoSAR. ALLERGY, ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH 2024; 16:253-266. [PMID: 38910283 PMCID: PMC11199155 DOI: 10.4168/aair.2024.16.3.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Severe asthma is associated with high morbidity and healthcare utilization; however, treatment options for these patients are limited. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic effects of biologics in clinical practice. METHODS This multicenter, retrospective cohort study included 136 patients who received biologics for at least 4 months between September 2017 and July 2022 at 25 medical centers affiliated with the Korean Severe Asthma Registry (KoSAR). The study evaluated the treatment effects, including acute exacerbation rates, maintenance of oral corticosteroid dosages, lung function, quality of life, blood eosinophil count, and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) levels, by comparing measurements before and after 4 months of biologic treatment. Responses for each medication was evaluated based on the Global Evaluation of Treatment Effectiveness score, and any adverse reactions were summarized. RESULTS With the administration of biologics over the course of 4 months, there was a reduction in asthma acute exacerbations, a significant improvement in lung function, and a significant decrease in daily maintenance dose of oral steroid. Blood eosinophil counts decreased in the mepolizumab and reslizumab groups, while FeNO levels decreased only in the dupilumab group. The Asthma Control Test, Quality of Life Questionnaire for Adult Korean Asthmatics, and the EuroQol-visual analogue scale scores showed a significant improvement. Most patients (80.15%) responded to the biologic treatment. Meanwhile, non-responders often had chronic rhinosinusitis as a comorbidity, exhibited lower lung function, and required higher doses of oral steroids. No severe adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS Biologics are highly effective in Korean patients with Type 2 severe asthma, significantly reducing acute exacerbation rates and doses of oral corticosteroids, while also improving lung function. Therefore, it seems beneficial to administer biologics without any restrictions to patients exhibiting Type 2 severe asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong, Korea
| | - Sun-Kyung Lee
- Department of Mathematics, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo-Jung Song
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Min-Hye Kim
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Ewha University Seoul Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ga-Young Ban
- Division of Pulmonary, Department of Internal Medicine, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Hallym University Gangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Joo-Hee Kim
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical School, Anyang, Korea
| | - Byung-Keun Kim
- Division of Pulmonology, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Kwon
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Gangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Hee Sohn
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hwa Young Lee
- Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae-Woo Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chan-Sun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inje University of College of Medicine, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Sung-Yoon Kang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon, Korea
| | - Min Suk Yang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Lee
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - An-Soo Jang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Sunchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - So Ri Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Research Center for Pulmonary Disorders, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Taehoon Lee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan, Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Heung-Woo Park
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Eulji University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yoon-Seok Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Young-Il Koh
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Byung-Jae Lee
- Division of Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae-Sim Park
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sang-Heon Kim
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - You Sook Cho
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abate A, Rossini E, Tamburello M, Paganotti D, Cinquini M, Sigala S, Lodi Rizzini F. Retrospective Analysis of Patient-Reported Adverse Drug Reactions in an Italian Allergy Unit: ALLERG-RAF Study. Pharmacology 2024; 109:129-137. [PMID: 38432222 DOI: 10.1159/000536616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Italian Medicines Agency indicates that about 5% of hospital admissions are due to adverse drug reactions (ADRs). Several factors are recognized to be associated with an increased risk for ADRs, such as the female gender and polytherapy. The aim of this study was to retrospectively analyze the suspected ADRs reported by patients during the anamnestic interview at the Allergy Unit. PATIENTS AND METHODS ALLERG-RAF study is a retrospective analysis of the medical records of patients evaluated in the Allergy Unit of ASST Spedali Civili and the University of Brescia from 2000 to 2016. The inclusion criteria were age ≥18 years and medical consultation requested for suspected ADRs. Data relating to the patient's intrinsic characteristics, the drug supposed to be the cause, and the prescribed pharmacological therapy were collected. Pseudonymized data from each patient were collected in an informatics database. RESULTS From 2000 to 2016, 35,817 accesses to the Allergy Unit were made, and 2,171 unique events related to a suspected ADR were collected in 1,840 patients. More than two-thirds of the reports concerned females (70.4%). Antibiotics were involved in the majority of the self-reported suspected ADRs (48.7%), particularly beta-lactams (61.1%). Anti-inflammatory drugs, mainly NSAIDs, were second in incidence and suspected in 25.2% of reports. As a site of ADR manifestation, most of the reported reactions involve the skin. No clinical sequelae were reported. CONCLUSIONS Our results underline the importance of patient reporting in pharmacovigilance. Furthermore, gender gap data emphasizes the importance of the gender-specific medicine approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Abate
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Elisa Rossini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mariangela Tamburello
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Daniela Paganotti
- PharmacoVigilance Unit, Hospital Pharmacy, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Sandra Sigala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabio Lodi Rizzini
- Allergy Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Li Z, Yin M, Li W. Clinical Application of an Artificial Intelligence System for Diagnosing Thyroid Disease Based on a Computer Neural Network Deep Learning Model. J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:609-617. [PMID: 38348208 PMCID: PMC10860491 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s442479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to establish a stereoscopic neural learning network through deep learning and construct an artificial intelligence (AI) diagnosis system for the prediction of benign and malignant thyroid diseases, as well as repeatedly verified the diagnosis system and adjusted the data, in order to develop a type of AI-assisted thyroid diagnosis software with a low false negative rate and high sensitivity for clinical practice. Patients and Methods From July 2020 to April 2023, A total of 36 patients with thyroid nodules in our hospital were selected for diagnosis of thyroid nodules based on the Expert Consensus on Thyroid Ultrasound; samples were taken by aspiration biopsy or surgically and sent for pathological diagnosis. The ultrasonic diagnosis results were compared with the pathological results, a database was established based on the ultrasonic diagnostic characteristics and was entered in the AI-assisted diagnosis software for judgment of benign and malignant conditions. The data in the software were corrected based on the conformity rate and the reasons for misjudgment, and the corrected software was used to evaluate the benign and malignant conditions of the 36 patients, until the conformity rate exceeded 90%. Results The initial conformity rate of the AI software for identifying benign and malignant conditions was 88%, while that of the software utilizing the database was 94%. Conclusion We established a stereoscopic neural learning network and construct an AI diagnosis system for the prediction of benign and malignant thyroid diseases, with a low false negative rate and high sensitivity for clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihai Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Dalang Hospital, Dongguan, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meilin Yin
- Department of Science and Education, Dalang Hospital, Dongguan, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenfeng Li
- Department of Intervention, Dalang Hospital, Dongguan, Guandong, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McInerney BE, Cross AJ, Turner JP, Bell JS. Systematic Review of Psychotropic Adverse Drug Event Monitoring Tools for Use in Long-Term Care Facilities. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023:S1525-8610(23)00282-7. [PMID: 37037347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate properties of psychotropic adverse drug event (ADE) monitoring tools intended for use in long-term care facilities. DESIGN Systematic review. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Adults aged 18 years and older in nursing homes and other long-term care facilities. METHODS Medline, CINAHL, Embase, and PsycInfo were searched from inception to August 2022 for studies reporting the development, validation, or application of tools to monitor psychotropic ADEs. Screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by 2 authors. Each tool was assessed under the domains of test-retest reliability, interrater reliability, content validity, and construct validity. RESULTS Eight studies that described 6 tools were included. Tools were developed in Wales (n = 2), United States (n = 1), Ireland (n = 1), Canada (n = 1), and Singapore (n = 1). Tools monitored 4 to 95 items related to antipsychotics (n = 6 tools), antidepressants (n = 4), benzodiazepines or hypnotics (n = 4), antiepileptics (n = 4), and dementia medications (n = 1). Tools commonly monitored sedation, tiredness, or sleepiness (n = 6); falls (n = 4); and tremor or extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 4). Tools were designed for application by nurses (n = 4), during family conferences (n = 1), and by general medical practitioners before repeat prescribing (n = 1). Two tools were reported to require 10 to 60 minutes to administer. Four tools were determined to have adequate content validity and 2 tools adequate interrater reliability. No tools reported test-retest reliability or construct validity. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Six published psychotropic ADE monitoring tools are heterogeneous in design and intended application. Existing tools are predominately designed for application by nurses with or without direct involvement of the wider multidisciplinary team. Further research is needed into models of care that facilitate psychotropic ADE monitoring in the long-term care facility setting, and the extent to which application of specific tools is associated with reduced medication-related harm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brigid E McInerney
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Justin P Turner
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Simon Bell
- Centre for Medicine Use and Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sun K, Chen Y, Wang Z, Liu Y, Pan Y, Mao X, Xu L, Jin C, Chen M, Yu C, Li L. Application of a WeChat-based mini-app as a patient reminder in Helicobacter pylori eradication: a prospective multi-center randomized controlled study. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:520. [PMID: 36522612 PMCID: PMC9756606 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02614-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To improve the eradication rate of H. pylori, researchers have investigated the role of WeChat-based mini-app as an electronic reminding system in H. pylori treatment. METHODS Subjects from three medical centers were divided into two groups. Patients in the daily mini-app-based notification system group received daily notifications via the WeChat mini-app. Patients in the control group received one-time verbal education on the first clinical visit. Both groups received a 14-day quadruple therapy to eradicate H. pylori infection. Eradication rate, compliance, adverse events and satisfaction were evaluated. RESULTS Both intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses were conducted. The eradication rate in the daily mini-app-based notification system group was slightly higher compared with the control group (ITT analysis: 76.70% vs. 70.73%, p = 0.312; PP analysis: 85.87% vs. 82.86%, p = 0.562). The compliance was significantly higher in the daily mini-app-based notification system group (ITT analysis: 85.52% vs. 70.48%, p = 0.028; PP analysis: 92.39% vs. 81.90%, p = 0.030). The adverse event rates were similar between the two groups (PP analysis: 36.96% vs. 40.95%, p = 0.566). No significant difference in eradication rate was seen in each subgroup analysis by age, place of residence, grade of education, or endoscopic findings. CONCLUSION The study showed that daily mini-app-based notification improved patient compliance but not H. pylori eradication rate. Trial registration The research was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000031011, 21/03/2020).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kefang Sun
- grid.452661.20000 0004 1803 6319Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yishu Chen
- grid.452661.20000 0004 1803 6319Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Wang
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Linhai, China
| | - Yi Liu
- grid.416271.70000 0004 0639 0580Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Yue Pan
- grid.416271.70000 0004 0639 0580Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Xinli Mao
- grid.13402.340000 0004 1759 700XDepartment of Gastroenterology, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Linhai, China
| | - Lei Xu
- grid.416271.70000 0004 0639 0580Department of Gastroenterology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Chaohui Jin
- Hithink RoyalFlush Information Network Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Hithink RoyalFlush Information Network Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Chaohui Yu
- grid.452661.20000 0004 1803 6319Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lan Li
- grid.452661.20000 0004 1803 6319Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lim R, Ellett LK, Roughead EE, Cheah PY, Masnoon N. Correction: Lim et al. Patient-Reported Questionnaires to Identify Adverse Drug Reactions: A Systematic Review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 11877. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11209. [PMID: 36142115 PMCID: PMC9517832 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There was an error in the original publication [...].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renly Lim
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Lisa Kalisch Ellett
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Elizabeth E. Roughead
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Phaik Yeong Cheah
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
- Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- The Ethox Centre, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Nashwa Masnoon
- Laboratory of Ageing and Pharmacology, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney, St Leonards, NSW 2064, Australia
- Department of Pharmacy, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lim R, Thornton C, Stanek J, Ellett LK, Thiessen M. Development of a web-based system to report medication-related adverse effects: a design and usability study (Preprint). JMIR Form Res 2022; 6:e37605. [PMID: 36206034 PMCID: PMC9587488 DOI: 10.2196/37605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Medicine use is the most common intervention in health care. The frequency with which medicines are used means medication-related problems are very common. One common type of medication-related problems is adverse drug events, which are unintended and harmful effects associated with use of medicines. Reporting of adverse drug events to regulatory authorities is important for evaluation of safety of medicines; however, these adverse effects are frequently unreported due to various factors, including lack of consumer-friendly reporting tools. Objective The aim of this study was to develop a user-friendly digital tool for consumers to report medication-related adverse effects. Methods The project consisted of 3 parts: (1) content development, including a systematic literature search; (2) iterative system development; and (3) usability testing. The project was guided by participatory design principles, which suggest involving key stakeholders throughout the design process. The first 2 versions were developed as a mobile app and were tested with end users in 2 workshops. The third version was developed as a web application and was tested with consumers who were taking regular medicines. Consumers were asked to complete a modified version of the mHealth app usability questionnaire (MAUQ), an 18-item questionnaire with each item scored using a 7-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree). The MAUQ assessed 3 subscales including ease of use (5 items), interface and satisfaction (7 items), and usefulness (6 items). Continuous variables were reported as mean (SD) values, whereas categorical variables were presented as frequencies (percentages). Data analysis was conducted in Microsoft Excel. Results The content for the system was based on a systematic literature search and short-listing of questions, followed by feedback from project team members and consumers. Feedback from consumers in the 2 workshops were incorporated to improve the functionality, visual design, and stability of the third (current) version. The third version of the system was tested with 26 consumers. A total of 79% (N=307/390) of all responses on the MAUQ were scored 6 or 7, indicating that users generally strongly agree with the usability of the system. When looking at the individual domains, the system had an average score of 6.3 (SD 0.9) for “ease of use,” 6.3 (SD 0.8) for “interface and satisfaction,” and 5.2 (SD 1.4) for “usefulness.” Conclusions The web-based system for medicine adverse effects reporting is a user-friendly tool developed using an iterative participatory design approach. Future research includes further improving the system, particularly the usefulness of the system, as well as testing the scalability and performance of the system in practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renly Lim
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Jan Stanek
- UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Lisa Kalisch Ellett
- Quality Use of Medicines and Pharmacy Research Centre, UniSA Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Myra Thiessen
- Art, Design and Architecture, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|