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Silva NP, da Costa CS, Barbosa KL, Januario CDF, Gama-de-Souza LN, Breves C, Fortunato RS, Miranda-Alves L, de Oliveira M, Nogueira CR, Graceli JB. Subacute tributyltin exposure alters the development and morphology of mammary glands in association with CYP19A1 expression in female rats. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 128:108635. [PMID: 38936095 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Tributyltin (TBT) is an endocrine-disrupting chemical (EDC) related to reproductive dysfunctions. However, few studies have investigated the effects of TBT exposure on mammary gland development. Thus, we assessed whether subacute TBT exposure causes irregularities in mammary gland development. We administered TBT (100 and 1,000 ng/kg/day for 30 days) to female rats from postnatal day (PND) 25 to PND 55, and mammary gland development, morphology, inflammation, collagen deposition, and protein expression were evaluated. Abnormal mammary gland development was observed in both TBT groups. Specifically, TBT exposure reduced the number of terminal end buds (TEBs), type 1 (AB1) alveolar buds, and type 2 (AB2) alveolar buds. An increase in the lobule and differentiation (DF) 2 score was found in the mammary glands of TBT rats. TBT exposure increased mammary gland blood vessels, mast cell numbers, and collagen deposition. Additionally, both TBT rats exhibited intraductal hyperplasia and TEB-like structures. An increase in estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), progesterone receptor (PR), and cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1) - positive cells was observed in the mammary glands of TBT rats. A strong negative correlation was observed between CYP19A1- positive cells and TEB number. In addition, CYP19A1 - positive cells were positively correlated with mammary gland TEB-like structure, ductal hyperplasia, inflammation, and collagen deposition. Thus, these data suggest that TBT exposure impairs mammary gland development through the modulation of CYP19A1 signaling pathways in female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia P Silva
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Charles S da Costa
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Kayke L Barbosa
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 290440-090, Brazil
| | - Cidália de F Januario
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 290440-090, Brazil
| | | | - Cinthia Breves
- Health Science Center, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941590, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo S Fortunato
- Health Science Center, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941590, Brazil
| | - Leandro Miranda-Alves
- Experimental Endocrinology Research, Development and Innovation Group, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 21941902, Brazil
| | - Miriane de Oliveira
- Department of Internal Clinic, Botucatu Medicine School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618687, Brazil
| | - Celia R Nogueira
- Department of Internal Clinic, Botucatu Medicine School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18618687, Brazil
| | - Jones B Graceli
- Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória 290440-090, Brazil.
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Hoffman CM, Versluis A, Chirila S, Kirenga BJ, Khan A, Saeed S, Sooronbaev T, Tsiligianni I, Arvind DK, Bauld LC, van den Brand FA, Chavannes NH, Pinnock H, Powell PD, van der Schans J, Siddiqi K, Williams S, van der Kleij MJJR. The FRESHAIR4Life study: Global implementation research on non-communicable disease prevention targeting adolescents' exposure to tobacco and air pollution in disadvantaged populations. NPJ Prim Care Respir Med 2024; 34:14. [PMID: 38834570 DOI: 10.1038/s41533-024-00367-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The FRESHAIR4Life study aims to reduce the non-communicable disease (NCD) burden by implementing preventive interventions targeting adolescents' exposure to tobacco use and air pollution (AP) worldwide. This paper presents the FRESHAIR4Life methodology and initial rapid review results. The rapid review, using various databases and PubMed, aimed to guide decision-making on risk factor focus, target areas, and populations. It showed variable NCD mortality rates related to tobacco use and AP across the participating countries, with tobacco as the main risk factor in the Kyrgyz Republic, Greece, and Romania, and AP prevailing in Pakistan and Uganda. Adolescent exposure levels, sources, and correlates varied. The study will continue with an in-depth situational analysis to guide the selection, adaptation, and integration of evidence-based interventions into the FRESHAIR4Life prevention package. This package will be implemented, evaluated, assessed for cost-effectiveness, and iteratively refined. The research places a strong emphasis on co-creation, capacity building, and comprehensive communication and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M Hoffman
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Anke Versluis
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sergiu Chirila
- Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University of Constanta, Constanta, Romania
| | - Bruce J Kirenga
- Lung Institute & Department of Medicine, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Saima Saeed
- Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Talant Sooronbaev
- National Center of Cardiology and Internal Medicine named after academician Mirrakhimov, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | | | - D K Arvind
- School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland, UK
| | - Linda C Bauld
- Usher Institute and SPECTRUM Consortium, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Floor A van den Brand
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Niels H Chavannes
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Hilary Pinnock
- Allergy and Respiratory Research Group, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Jurjen van der Schans
- Unit of Global Health, Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Kamran Siddiqi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, UK
| | - Siân Williams
- International Primary Care Respiratory Group, London, UK
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Zimu PM, van Heerden HJ, Grace JM. Impact of a Nyakaza Move-for-Health Intervention Programme among Adolescents in a Resource-Constrained South African Community. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 21:717. [PMID: 38928962 PMCID: PMC11204359 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21060717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Adolescents in resource-constrained environments face increasing sedentary lifestyles and obesity rates, necessitating effective interventions for promoting physical activity and combating non-communicable diseases. This study evaluates the impact of a 12 week Nyakaza Move-for-Health intervention on physical activity, anthropometry, cardiorespiratory fitness, and behaviour change among adolescents in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. One hundred twenty-eight adolescents participated, with assessments including self-reported physical activity, anthropometric indices, and cardiorespiratory fitness measures. The intervention significantly increased physical activity levels. The treatment group's mean score was 2.2 (0.4) at baseline and 2.6 (0.4) (F (14, 79) = 4.884, p = <0.001, η2 = 0.156) at the endline. The body mass index decreased (mean = 22.4 (4.6) at baseline and 21.9 (4.2) at endline; p = 0.025, partial eta squared = 0.025, η2 = 0.004). The intervention programme significantly affected the WHR (mean = 0.80 (0.10) at baseline and 0.76 (0.9) at endline; p < 0.001, partial eta squared = 0.327, η2 = 0.100) and the predicted maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) for the treatment group (mean = 42.4 (8.7) at baseline and mean = 43.6 (8.7) at endline; p < 0.711, partial eta squared = 0.017, η2 = 0.033). Focus group discussions indicated shifts in knowledge, attitudes, and motivation towards physical activity. Power analysis revealed strong observed power (PA: 0.983, BMI: 0.098, WHR: 0.887), indicating the robustness of the intervention's effects. These findings underscore the effectiveness of the intervention in improving physical health outcomes. It is recommended that longitudinal studies be conducted to assess the long-term sustainability and impact of such interventions on adolescents' health outcomes, thereby informing the development of comprehensive public health policies and programmes to promote physical activity and combat non-communicable diseases in similar settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Mkhanyiseli Zimu
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Durban 4000, South Africa; (H.J.v.H.); (J.M.G.)
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Zou X, Zhao J, Feng A, Chan KHK, Wu WC, Manson JE, Liu S, Li J. Adversities in childhood and young adulthood and incident cardiovascular diseases: a prospective cohort study. EClinicalMedicine 2024; 69:102458. [PMID: 38333371 PMCID: PMC10850111 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2024.102458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Much remains unknown regarding the associations of adversities in childhood and adulthood with incident cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We aimed to examine the independent and cumulative relations of adversities in childhood and adulthood with incident CVD and whether these associations can be mitigated by adopting a healthy lifestyle later in life. Methods We included 136,073 men and women [38-72 years at baseline] free of diagnosed CVD at baseline who responded to surveys on adversities in childhood and adulthood in the United Kingdom Biobank prospective cohort. They were recruited between 2006 and 2010 and were followed-up until 28 January 2021. Adversities included physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect. Participants were categorised into four groups according to the exposure periods, which were no adversity, childhood adversity only, adulthood adversity only, and cumulative adversity (both childhood and adulthood). The primary outcomes included incident fatal and non-fatal CVD events. The modifiable lifestyle factors were smoking, physical activity, diet, sleeping, social or leisure activities, and friend or family visits. Findings We identified 16,415 (10.71/1000 person-year) incident CVD during a median follow-up of 11.8 years. Compared with participants with no adversity, CVD incidence increased by 11% in those with childhood adversity only (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]: 1.11 [95% CI 1.06-1.17], p < 0.001), 4% in those with adulthood adversity only (1.04 [1.00-1.09], p = 0.05), and 21% in those with cumulative adversity (1.21 [1.16-1.26], p < 0.001). Analysis of interactions showed that adulthood adversity amplified the childhood adversity-CVD association (p for interaction = 0.03). Compared with the participants with one or fewer ideal lifestyle factors, those with more than four ideal factors had a 25%-36% lower risk of CVD across the three adversity groups. Interpretation Our findings suggested that childhood adversities were associated with an increased risk of CVD which can be magnified by adulthood adversities and substantially mitigated by adopting a healthy lifestyle later in life. Funding The National Natural Science Foundation of China and Guangzhou Foundation for Basic and Applied Basic Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zou
- Global Health Research Centre, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junfei Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Anping Feng
- Global Health Research Centre, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kei Hang Katie Chan
- Department of Epidemiology and Centre for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Departments of Biomedical Sciences and Electrical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wen-Chih Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Centre for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Providence VA Medical Centre & Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - JoAnn E. Manson
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, and Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Simin Liu
- Global Health Research Centre, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Centre for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Surgery, The Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jie Li
- Global Health Research Centre, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Epidemiology and Centre for Global Cardiometabolic Health, School of Public Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
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Hampson HE, Costello E, Walker DI, Wang H, Baumert BO, Valvi D, Rock S, Jones DP, Goran MI, Gilliland FD, Conti DV, Alderete TL, Chen Z, Chatzi L, Goodrich JA. Associations of dietary intake and longitudinal measures of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in predominantly Hispanic young Adults: A multicohort study. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 185:108454. [PMID: 38316574 PMCID: PMC11089812 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2024.108454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are pollutants linked to adverse health effects. Diet is an important source of PFAS exposure, yet it is unknown how diet impacts longitudinal PFAS levels. OBJECTIVE To determine if dietary intake and food sources were associated with changes in blood PFAS concentrations among Hispanic young adults at risk of metabolic diseases. METHODS Predominantly Hispanic young adults from the Children's Health Study who underwent two visits (CHS; n = 123) and young adults from NHANES 2013-2018 who underwent one visit (n = 604) were included. Dietary data at baseline was collected using two 24-hour dietary recalls to measure individual foods and where foods were prepared/consumed (home/restaurant/fast-food). PFAS were measured in blood at both visits in CHS and cross-sectionally in NHANES. In CHS, multiple linear regression assessed associations of baseline diet with longitudinal PFAS; in NHANES, linear regression was used. RESULTS In CHS, all PFAS except PFDA decreased across visits (all p < 0.05). In CHS, A 1-serving higher tea intake was associated with 24.8 %, 16.17 %, and 12.6 % higher PFHxS, PFHpS, and PFNA at follow-up, respectively (all p < 0.05). A 1-serving higher pork intake was associated with 13.4 % higher PFOA at follow-up (p < 0.05). Associations were similar in NHANES, including unsweetened tea, hot dogs, and processed meats. For food sources, in CHS each 200-gram increase in home-prepared food was associated with 0.90 % and 1.6 % lower PFOS at baseline and follow-up, respectively, and in NHANES was associated with 0.9 % lower PFDA (all p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Results suggest that beverage consumption habits and food preparation are associated with differences in PFAS levels in young adults. This highlights the importance of diet in determining PFAS exposure and the necessity of public monitoring of foods and beverages for PFAS contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hailey E Hampson
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America
| | - Elizabeth Costello
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America
| | - Douglas I Walker
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, the United States of America
| | - Hongxu Wang
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America
| | - Brittney O Baumert
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America
| | - Damaskini Valvi
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, the United States of America
| | - Sarah Rock
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America
| | - Dean P Jones
- Clinical Biomarkers Laboratory, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, the United States of America
| | - Michael I Goran
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, USC and The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, the United States of America
| | - Frank D Gilliland
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America
| | - David V Conti
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America
| | - Tanya L Alderete
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, the United States of America
| | - Zhanghua Chen
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America
| | - Leda Chatzi
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America
| | - Jesse A Goodrich
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, the United States of America.
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Cheddadi R, Yeramilli V, Martin C. From Mother to Infant, from Placenta to Gut: Understanding Varied Microbiome Profiles in Neonates. Metabolites 2023; 13:1184. [PMID: 38132866 PMCID: PMC10745069 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13121184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The field of human microbiome and gut microbial diversity research has witnessed a profound transformation, driven by advances in omics technologies. These advancements have unveiled essential connections between microbiome alterations and severe conditions, prompting the development of new frameworks through epidemiological studies. Traditionally, it was believed that each individual harbored unique microbial communities acquired early in life, evolving over the course of their lifetime, with little acknowledgment of any prenatal microbial development, but recent research challenges this belief. The neonatal microbiome's onset, influenced by factors like delivery mode and maternal health, remains a subject of intense debate, hinting at potential intrauterine microbial processes. In-depth research reveals associations between microbiome profiles and specific health outcomes, ranging from obesity to neurodevelopmental disorders. Understanding these diverse microbiome profiles is essential for unraveling the intricate relationships between the microbiome and health outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riadh Cheddadi
- Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO 63110, USA (C.M.)
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7
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Tohi M, Tu'akoi S, Vickers MH. A systematic review exploring evidence for adolescent understanding of concepts related to the developmental origins of health and disease. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:755-762. [PMID: 38258455 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174423000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
The developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD) framework has highlighted the importance of the early life period on disease risk in later life with impacts that can span generations. A primary focus to date has been around maternal health and the 'First Thousand Days' as a key developmental window whereby an adverse environment can have lasting impacts on both mother and offspring. More recently, the impact of paternal health has gathered increasing traction as a key window for early life developmental programming. However, to date, adolescents, the next generation of parents, have attracted less attention as a key DOHaD window although many behavioural traits become entrained during adolescence and track into adulthood. This systematic review examined literature focused on identifying adolescent understanding of DOHaD concepts. Consistent across the eligible articles was that overall understanding of DOHaD-related concepts in adolescents was low. Three key themes emerged: 1. Individual-level awareness of DOHaD concepts (cognitive engagement and action of the adolescents themselves); 2. Interpersonal communication and social awareness of DOHaD concepts (cognitive engagement and communication of the DOHaD concepts to family and wider community); and 3. Health literacy and the promotion of adolescence as a key DOHaD life stage. These findings highlight the need to develop strategic approaches to increase DOHaD awareness that are not only appealing to adolescents but can also support sustained changes in health behaviour. Investment in today's adolescents has the potential to act as a NCD 'circuit breaker' and thus will yield significant dividends for future generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tohi
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - S Tu'akoi
- School of Population Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - M H Vickers
- Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Oyibo P, Umuerri EM, Okumagba MT, Oyibo IA. Sociodemographic predictors of non-communicable diseases risk-related knowledge and behaviours: a cross-sectional study of in-school adolescents in a southern Nigerian State. Pan Afr Med J 2023; 45:184. [PMID: 38054025 PMCID: PMC10695184 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2023.45.184.37654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction the adolescence period is a significant phase in development of non-communicable diseases. Public health interventions that reduce risky behaviors among adolescents are beneficial across the life course. This study assessed the level of non-communicable diseases (NCDs´) risk-related knowledge, the prevalence of NCDs´ risk behavior, and the sociodemographic predictors of NCDs´ risk-related knowledge and behaviors among in-school adolescents in a Southern Nigerian State. Methods a cross-sectional study design was employed to assess the NCDs´ risk-related knowledge and behaviors among a random multistage sample of 607 students age between 10 and 19 years. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered semi-structured questionnaire adapted from the WHO STEPS questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential analyses of data collected were carried out using the IBM SPSS version 22 software. Results the mean age of the students was 14.7 (SD=1.52) years, 57.2% (n=347) of which were females, and 42.8% (n=260) were males. The proportion of students with good overall NCDs risk-related knowledge was 22.7% (n=138). Age, place of residence, family's socioeconomic status, and mother's level of education were significant sociodemographic predictors of good overall NCD risk-related knowledge. Among the students, 66.2% (n=402) self-report inadequate physical activity, 65.7% (n=399) self-report consumption of unhealthy diets, 29.2% (n=177) self-report current alcohol use, and 3.3% (n=20) self-report they were current cigarette smokers. Conclusion a significant proportion of the surveyed students had poor overall NCDs risk-related knowledge and engaged in NCDs risk behaviors. The relevant stakeholders concern with prevention of NCDs in government and non-governmental organizations should target adolescents in NCD control strategies in the study setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Oyibo
- Health Services Research and Management Division, School of Health and Psychological Sciences City, University of London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | - Ejiroghene Martha Umuerri
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
| | | | - Iyabo Aduke Oyibo
- Department of Pediatrics, Princess of Wales Hospital, Bridgend, United Kingdom
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Bokolo NP, Van Niekerk RL, Mathews V, Leach L. A Systematic Review Protocol for the Effectiveness of Psycho-Educational Intervention Programmes in Addressing the Psychological Risk Factors Associated with Non-Communicable Diseases among Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6467. [PMID: 37569009 PMCID: PMC10418932 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The psychological health concerns and risk factors associated with non-communicable disease among adolescents have been prioritized on the agenda of international health institutions globally. The aims of this systematic review are to determine the various types of psycho-educational intervention programmes developed to address the psychological risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases among adolescents, and to assess the effectiveness of the psycho-educational intervention programmes. The systematic review will include case-control and randomized controlled studies. The review will be conducted using the following electronic databases, PubMed, CINAHL, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, SCOPUS, and ERIC, as well as the grey literature for the thesis repository from 2012 to 2022. The key search terms will include intervention programme, adolescents (aged 10-19 years), psychological risk factors and non-communicable diseases. The studies identified by the search strategy will be downloaded into Mendeley and exported to Covidence software for screening, quality assessment and data extraction. The quality assessment tool that will be utilized is the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklists to ensure relevance and quality of the articles. This systematic review will use two types of data analysis: narrative synthesis of qualitative studies and meta-analysis of quantitative studies. The findings from this systematic review will provide evidence-based tools for the management of psychological risk factors associated with non-communicable diseases, as well as present key insights for future intervention programmes on the management of psychological risk factors associated with NCDs among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nokwanda P. Bokolo
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Rudolph Leon Van Niekerk
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X9083, 50 Church Street, East London 5201, South Africa
| | - Verona Mathews
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Lloyd Leach
- Department of Sport, Recreation and Exercise Science, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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Kozlakidis Z. Promoting Health for Adolescents: An Editorial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6336. [PMID: 37510569 PMCID: PMC10379398 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20146336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The research area of adolescent health corresponds to the summary of a wide range of scientific interests and investigations, focusing on the first years of life of an individual [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zisis Kozlakidis
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, 69366 Lyon, France
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11
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Understanding the importance of the early-life period for adult health: a systematic review. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:166-174. [PMID: 36345774 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174422000605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Evidence clearly indicates that the nutritional and non-nutritional environment and level of physical activity during the early-life period from preconception through infancy has a lifelong impact on the child's health. However this message must be communicated effectively to parents and other stakeholders such as grandparents, health professionals, policymakers and the wider community in order for positive change to occur. This systematic review explores how both awareness and understanding of the long-term effects of the early-life environment have been measured in various populations and whether any patterns are evident. Ten articles were retrieved via a search of Embase, Medline and Scopus databases for peer-reviewed studies designed to assess participants' knowledge of the links between early-life exposures and adult health. Eligible articles spanned a wide range of countries, population groups and research methods. Three common themes were identified using thematic analysis: 1. a tendency for researchers to conflate participant understanding of the issue (the WHY) with a knowledge of key phrases and nutrition guidelines (the WHAT); 2. bias in both researchers and participants towards short-term thinking due to difficulty conceptualising long-term risk; and 3. challenges in comprehending the complexity of the evidence resulting in oversimplification and the overemphasis of maternal factors. Taken together these findings underscore the importance of a multi-level, whole-of-society approach to communicating the evidence, with the goal of influencing policy decisions as well as building a foundation of community support for parents and prospective parents to create a healthy early-life environment for the long-term wellbeing of all.
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Analysis of Cause-of-Death Mortality in Children and Young Adults with Diabetes: A Nationwide 10-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:children10020358. [PMID: 36832487 PMCID: PMC9955437 DOI: 10.3390/children10020358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
We examined the associations of clinical characteristics and cause-of-death patterns with mortality in children and young adults (<30 years) with diabetes. We analyzed a nationwide cohort sample from the KNHIS database using propensity score matching from a sample of 1 million people from 2002 to 2013. There were 10,006 individuals in the diabetes mellitus (DM) group and 10,006 in the control (no DM) group. The numbers of deaths were 77 in the DM group and 20 in the control group. The deaths of patients in the DM Group were 3.74 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.25-6.21) times higher than in the control group. Type 1 DM, type 2 DM and unspecified DM were 4.52 (95% CI = 1.89-10.82) times, 3.25 (95% CI = 1.95-5.43) times and 10.20 (95% CI = 5.24-20.18) times higher, respectively. Mental disorders were 2.08 times higher in the risk of death (95% CI = 1.27-3.40). Mortality rates have increased in children and young adults with diabetes alone. Therefore, in the future, it is necessary to identify the cause of the increased mortality rate among young diabetic people and select vulnerable groups among them so that early prevention can be achieved.
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Dias-Rocha CP, Costa JCB, Oliveira YS, Fassarella LB, Woyames J, Atella GC, Santos GRC, Pereira HMG, Pazos-Moura CC, Almeida MM, Trevenzoli IH. Maternal high-fat diet decreases milk endocannabinoids with sex-specific changes in the cannabinoid and dopamine signaling and food preference in rat offspring. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1087999. [PMID: 36926037 PMCID: PMC10011635 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1087999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal high-fat (HF) diet during gestation and lactation programs obesity in rat offspring associated with sex-dependent and tissue-specific changes of the endocannabinoid system (ECS). The ECS activation induces food intake and preference for fat as well as lipogenesis. We hypothesized that maternal HF diet would increase the lipid endocannabinoid levels in breast milk programming cannabinoid and dopamine signaling and food preference in rat offspring. METHODS Female Wistar rats were assigned into two experimental groups: control group (C), which received a standard diet (10% fat), or HF group, which received a high-fat diet (29% fat) for 8 weeks before mating and during gestation and lactation. Milk samples were collected to measure endocannabinoids and fatty acids by mass spectrometry. Cannabinoid and dopamine signaling were evaluated in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) of male and female weanling offspring. C and HF offspring received C diet after weaning and food preference was assessed in adolescence. RESULTS Maternal HF diet reduced the milk content of anandamide (AEA) (p<0.05) and 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) (p<0.05). In parallel, maternal HF diet increased adiposity in male (p<0.05) and female offspring (p<0.05) at weaning. Maternal HF diet increased cannabinoid and dopamine signaling in the NAc only in male offspring (p<0.05), which was associated with higher preference for fat in adolescence (p<0.05). CONCLUSION Contrary to our hypothesis, maternal HF diet reduced AEA and 2-AG in breast milk. We speculate that decreased endocannabinoid exposure during lactation may induce sex-dependent adaptive changes of the cannabinoid-dopamine crosstalk signaling in the developing NAc, contributing to alterations in neurodevelopment and programming of preference for fat in adolescent male offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla P. Dias-Rocha
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Julia C. B. Costa
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Yamara S. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Larissa B. Fassarella
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana Woyames
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Georgia C. Atella
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídios e Lipoproteínas, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R. C. Santos
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Henrique M. G. Pereira
- Laboratório de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carmen C. Pazos-Moura
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana M. Almeida
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Isis H. Trevenzoli
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia Molecular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Isis H. Trevenzoli,
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