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Alqithami MA, ALsadi A, Tashkandi M, Gaafar R. Identifying Work-Related Injuries Among Healthcare Workers in Makkah Hospitals, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study in 2024. Cureus 2024; 16:e67323. [PMID: 39165615 PMCID: PMC11335175 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.67323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Work-related injuries (WRIs) are a major occupational health issue among healthcare workers (HCWs) worldwide. HCWs face numerous daily hazards including needlestick injuries, chemical exposures, ergonomic strains, and psychological stressors crucial for their health and healthcare system functionality. In Makkah, Saudi Arabia, healthcare infrastructure advances raise concerns about work-related injuries among HCWs. This study in Makkah hospitals aims to identify, understand, and manage WRIs for improved occupational health guidelines and strategies. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study on HCWs was conducted at Makkah hospitals using an electronic questionnaire that investigated the demographics, work-related injuries, and occupational hazards. The data collected from the retrieved questionnaires were analyzed using the IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 26.0 (Released 2019; IBM Corp., Armonk, New York, United States). Results Among 379 enrolled HCWs, 172 (49.3%) were physicians and 89 (19.8%) were nurses; 304 (80.2%) of the total participants knew about occupational safety. The total incidence of WRIs was 67.8%. WRIs were significantly associated with age (P˂0.001), gender (P=0.02), educational level (P˂0.001), profession (P˂0.001), working hours (P˂0.001), and shift time (P˂0.001). Conclusion WRIs were highly prevalent among HCWs with varying rates based on the type of injury and the frequency of injury. WRIs were associated with various factors including age, gender, education, profession, working house, and shift time of the participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Alqithami
- Preventive Medicine, Preventive Medicine Center in Makkah, Makkah, SAU
| | - Amani ALsadi
- Preventive Medicine, Ministry of Health, Makkah, SAU
| | | | - Rehab Gaafar
- Preventive Medicine, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, SAU
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Ibrahim EN, Kannan S, Al Habahbeh L, Makhamreh OH, Khreisat E, Kakich M, Khoury I, Abu Kaff M, Odah A, Hjazeen A, Jabali SA, Alqroom R. How Sharp Objects Injuries Impact our Healthcare Workers: Unveiling Perspective and Preventive Imperatives. Cureus 2024; 16:e56524. [PMID: 38646268 PMCID: PMC11027022 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Sharp object injuries in the medical field present a considerable occupational hazard for healthcare workers (HCWs), encompassing a spectrum of consequences from immediate discomfort to enduring health consequences. These injuries may expose HCWs to potential infections. Despite efforts to control sharp object injuries in healthcare environments, they are present at every stage involving using or disposing of medical sharp instruments. In Jordan, limited research has focused on sharp object injuries, with most data included from studies concentrating on practicing nurses or nursing students. Consequently, further research is necessary to comprehend the causes behind the high sharp object injury rate and the insufficient knowledge of safety practices and preventive guidelines. Objectives This study was conducted to investigate the impact of sharp object injuries on HCWs, underlying causes, and potential consequences causes of needlestick injuries. To highlight perspective and preventive imperatives. Methods and patients This retrospective institutional-based cross-sectional chart analysis was conducted by reviewing all sharp object injuries report sheets and extracting data directly from these reports for analysis. The study encompassed all reported cases occurring between 2018 and 2023. All the participants' data handling was accomplished according to the Declaration of Helsinki (2013) and the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability (HIPAA) Acts. Results A total of 146 self-reported hospital workers were included in the study. Within the final cohort, 52.73% of the participants were male (77/146), with an average age at diagnosis of 38.6±7.87 years (ranging from 20 to 52 years). Conversely, females comprised 47.27% of the cohort population (69/146) and had an average age at diagnosis of 34.73±6.73 years (ranging from 19 to 47 years). The age group 20-29 years was the most prominent age group, statistical analysis of age and gender data revealed significant differences. The overall prevalence of sharp object injuries was 11.83%, indicating that a sizable portion of HCWs is at risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens. Among the different professional categories, Physicians constituted the majority of sharp object injuries reported victims in 41 cases (28.08%), followed by nurses in 38 cases (26.02%). Statistical analysis of the profession's data revealed significant differences (P<0.001). Notably, sharp object injuries were most reported in wards. The leading procedures that caused sharp object injuries were identified as during needle recapping in 53 instances (36.30%), then followed by medical waste treatment in 32 cases (21.92%). The left hand was the most affected body part, reported in 83 cases (56.84%). All injured individuals reported the incident promptly. No seroconversions were documented within the reviewed cases during the study period. Conclusion Injuries caused by sharp objects persist as a significant danger for hospital employees, posing immediate harm and long-term health risks linked to bloodborne pathogens. The findings stress the continuous responsibility of healthcare institutions to prioritize staff safety by addressing the root causes of sharp object injuries and fostering reporting and prevention cultures. Underreporting reasons are diverse, encompassing factors like time constraints, fear of consequences, and the misconception of injury insignificance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soha Kannan
- Health Policy and Nursing, Directorate of Royal Medical Services Journal, Amman, JOR
| | | | | | - Eman Khreisat
- Family Medicine, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, JOR
| | - Martin Kakich
- Neurosurgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, JOR
| | - Issa Khoury
- Neurological Surgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, JOR
| | | | - Amro Odah
- Pediatric Neurology, Queen Alia Hospital, Amman, JOR
| | - Anees Hjazeen
- Community Health, Nursing, and Biostatistics, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, JOR
| | - Saif A Jabali
- Community Medicine, Jordanian Royal Medical Services, Amman, JOR
| | - Rami Alqroom
- Neurosurgery, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, JOR
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Mohamud RYH, Mohamed NA, Doğan A, Hilowle FM, Isse SA, Hassan MY, Hilowle IA. Needlestick and Sharps Injuries Among Healthcare Workers at a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Single-Center Study. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:2281-2289. [PMID: 37953810 PMCID: PMC10637236 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s434315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Healthcare workers are still at risk from needlesticks and sharps injuries, which can expose them to blood-borne diseases like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. We aimed to investigate the proportion of needlesticks and sharps injuries among healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital in Somalia and also evaluate associated risk factors. Materials and Methods This retrospective study was conducted at the Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Training and Research Hospital. The data was retrieved from the hospital record of the infection prevention and control department over a six-year period between 2017 and 2022. Results There were a total of 233 needlestick and sharps injury incidents. The highest number of needlestick and sharps injury cases were reported among nurses (52.4%), followed by cleaners (22.3%), physicians (18.5%), and technicians (6.9%) during the six-year period. Operation theaters were the most frequent place (21.9%) where injuries happened, followed by inpatient care (17.6%) and emergency rooms (16.7%). The most commonly reported instrument that resulted in injuries was a hypodermic needle (81.1%). About 24.9% of the needles or sharps devices that caused needlestick and sharps injury cases were contaminated with hepatitis B. There was a significant difference between gender and place of injury for needlestick and sharps injuries (P=0.001). Conclusion Healthcare professionals around the world continue to face major health risks from needle stick and sharps injuries. The present study found that 8.6%of healthcare workers sustained a needle stick and sharps injuries incident in the past year. According to our findings, healthcare institutions need to regularly teach healthcare professionals, especially nurses and cleaners about the significance of needle stick and sharps injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahma Yusuf Haji Mohamud
- Department of Education, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Research and Training Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Nur Adam Mohamed
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Research and Training Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Ahmet Doğan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Research and Training Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Fartun Mohamed Hilowle
- Department of Education, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Research and Training Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Suad Abdikarim Isse
- Hospital Infection Control Committee Nursing, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Research and Training Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Mohamed Yaqub Hassan
- Department Pediatric, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Research and Training Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
| | - Ifrah Adan Hilowle
- Department of Education, Mogadishu Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Research and Training Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia
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Alfarhan A, Al-Swailem S, Alobaid M, Ahmad K, Khan R. Needle-Stick Injuries in Ophthalmic Practice. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2023; 16:1667-1677. [PMID: 37641780 PMCID: PMC10460596 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s409326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Needle-stick injuries (NSI) are a prominent route by which blood-borne infections are transmitted. The unique microsurgical nature of ophthalmic practice constitutes an additional risk to sustain injury. This study aimed to identify the epidemiological profile of needle-stick injuries in a tertiary eye center and to evaluate the implemented safety policy in preventing sharp injuries. Methods This was a retrospective cross-sectional study of all sharp injuries that occurred at King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital (KKESH). Data on all reported sharp injury incidents from 2013 to 2021 were collected. The mechanisms of injury, context, location, and type of prick were collected and analyzed. Also, this study involved an institution-based survey for all ophthalmic staff. Results Two hundred and one sharp injury incidents were reported over 9 years. Physicians sustained 46.8% (n=94) of injuries, followed by nurses and ophthalmic technicians, 40.8% (n=82) and 7% (14); respectively. Operating and treatment rooms were the locations of 60.7% of incidents, whereas outpatient clinics and emergency rooms accounted for 19.4% and 13.4% of injuries, respectively. Conclusion The current findings add to the growing body of literature on the importance of NSI prevention and reporting strategies. In the present study, sharp injuries were most commonly encountered by ophthalmic staff in the operating rooms. Continuous staff education on handling sharp instruments, encouraging anonymous reporting, and up-to-date revisions of guidelines and policies are of paramount importance to lessen the burden of sharp injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman Alfarhan
- Fellowship and Residency Training Program, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Al-Swailem
- Anterior Segment Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohannad Alobaid
- Department of Ophthalmology, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khabir Ahmad
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruhi Khan
- Medicine Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Alshehri N, Aldhahi S, Elbadawi AS, Allahim W, Alhowiti A, Hassan K, Abdelgwad W. Prevalence and Characteristics of Needle Stick and Sharp Injuries Among King Salman Armed Forces Hospital Personnel in Tabuk City: A Retrospective Hospital-Based Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e43692. [PMID: 37724215 PMCID: PMC10505494 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated characteristics of needle stick and sharp injuries (NSSIs) among King Salman Armed Forces Hospital (KSAFH) personnel. METHODS Data was collected by reviewing all reported NSSIs among KSAFH personnel between January 2020 to December 2022. RESULTS The prevalence of NSSIs was 2.05%, with nurses being the most commonly affected. Most injuries occurred in patients' rooms/wards and among health care workers (HCWs) aged < 40 years. Of the injured workers, 93.8% were immunized against hepatitis B virus (HBV). CONCLUSION Educational and training programs targeting high-risk age groups and professions should be developed. Policies related to locations and situations where injuries occur frequently should be reviewed regularly to reduce the risk of NSSIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah Alshehri
- Preventive Medicine, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
| | | | | | - Wareef Allahim
- Preventive Medicine, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
| | - Aydah Alhowiti
- Preventive Medicine, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
| | - Khalid Hassan
- Family Medicine, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
| | - Walaa Abdelgwad
- Family Medicine, King Salman Armed Forces Hospital, Tabuk, SAU
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Rupak KC, Khadka D, Ghimire S, Bist A, Patel I, Shahi S, Dhakal N, Tiwari I, Shrestha DB. Prevalence of exposure to needle stick and sharp-related injury and status of hepatitis B vaccination among healthcare workers: A cross-sectional study. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e1399. [PMID: 37415679 PMCID: PMC10320746 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims Hepatitis B is a leading cause of chronic liver disease and subsequent liver transplantation. This is a vaccine-preventable illness. Health workers continue to be at risk for blood-borne pathogens due to occupational exposures. The overall goals of our study were to determine the prevalence of exposure to needle sticks and sharp-related injuries (NSSI) and hepatitis B vaccination status among healthcare workers (HCWs) of Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital (NGMCTH), Kohalpur, Banke, Nepal. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among HCWs at the NGMCTH following ethics approval by the NGMCTH Ethics Review Committee. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to compile the data. Data was collected from September 15, 2021 to September 14, 2022. Collected data entered in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using statistical package for social sciences version 22. Analyzed data were presented using simple descriptive statistics with appropriate figures and tables. Results A total of 304 among 506 HCWs (60.1%) participated in the survey were exposed to Needle sticks. Nine of whom (3.7%) were injured substantially (more than 10 times). Among nursing students, 21.3% had experience with NSSI. 71.7% of HCWs had received at least one dose of the hepatitis B vaccine, of whom 61.9% (44.5% of total HCWs) had received three doses. Conclusions This study demonstrated that more than two-quarters of HCWs were exposed to NSSI. Despite being at risk, vaccination status was still low, and less than half only received three complete doses. Precaution should be taken when working with instrumentation and procedures. Hepatitis B immunization programs for HCWs should be delivered at no cost with 100% coverage and protection. Raising awareness about hepatitis B infection and immunization remains crucial to primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. C. Rupak
- Department of MedicineNepalgunj Medical CollegeBankeNepal
| | | | - Sabal Ghimire
- Department of MedicineNepalgunj Medical CollegeBankeNepal
| | - Aayush Bist
- Department of MedicineNepalgunj Medical CollegeBankeNepal
| | - Ishant Patel
- Department of MedicineNepalgunj Medical CollegeBankeNepal
| | - Smriti Shahi
- Department of MedicineNepalgunj Medical CollegeBankeNepal
| | - Natasha Dhakal
- Department of MedicineLumbini Medical CollegeLumbiniNepal
| | - Ibeja Tiwari
- Department of MedicineLumbini Medical CollegeLumbiniNepal
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Alshehri S, Kayal M, Alahmad Almshhad H, Dirar Q, AlKattan W, Shibl A, Ouban A. The Incidence of Needlestick and Sharps Injuries Among Healthcare Workers in a Tertiary Care Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e38097. [PMID: 37252529 PMCID: PMC10212747 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.38097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Needlestick injuries (NSIs) and sharps injuries (SIs) remain significant hazards in most healthcare facilities that expose healthcare workers (HCWs) to blood-borne pathogens (e.g., HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C). This study aims to review the incidence of NSIs and SIs in King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) and correlate this incidence with several parameters related to the event, including age, sex, length of work experience, type of injury, type of instrument causing the injury, type of activity during which the injury happened, nature of the job of the HCWs, and location within the hospital where the injury happened. Methodology This cross-sectional study involves all self-reported documents related to needlestick and sharp injuries among HCWs at King Fahad Medical City (KFMC) in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, from January 2017 to December 2020. The data of 389 reports of needlestick and sharp injuries detailing incidence and site, shift, type, and instrument related to the incidents were reported to the infection control department for coding and analysis using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22 (IBM SPSS Statistics, Armonk, NY, USA). Results Our data showed that NSIs/SIs could be caused by a wide range of objects used by healthcare workers, including needles, suture needles, scalpels, and sharp devices. Remarkably, the most common cause of NSIs was handling the sharp object (38.8%), followed by disposing of the sharp object (19.3%). Furthermore, nurses were found to be the highest at-risk category of HCWs experiencing NSIs (49.9%), while medical waste handlers (1.5%) and dentists (1.3%) were least likely to incur injuries. Conclusion This study sheds some light on the incidence rates of NCIs and SIs at KFMC and correlates these rates with several demographical, occupational, and experiential parameters related to these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Alshehri
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Malik Kayal
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | | | - Qais Dirar
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Wael AlKattan
- Department of Surgery, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Atef Shibl
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Abderrahman Ouban
- Department of Pathology, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, SAU
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Alameer DS, Noor Elahi IR. Prevalence and Determinants of Work-Related Injuries Among Healthcare Workers in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Cureus 2023; 15:e36679. [PMID: 37113352 PMCID: PMC10125798 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.36679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Work-related injuries (WRIs) are a major occupational health issue among healthcare workers (HCWs) worldwide. Unsafe work environments, including physical, chemical, and biological hazards, are significant contributing factors to WRIs. However, the prevalence of WRIs among HCWs in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, and their associated risk factors remain largely unexplored. In light of this, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence of WRIs and associated risk factors among HCWs in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Methods This was an analytic cross-sectional study conducted at secondary hospitals of the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Jeddah by using a self-administered questionnaire to measure the prevalence of WRIs and their related factors. The Chi-squared test was used to compare variables. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The study involved 387 participants, of whom 283 (73.1%) were female. Most of the participants (n=226, 58.4%) agreed that personal protective equipment (PPE) was always available at their hospitals. Approximately two-thirds (n=251, 64.9%) agreed that they always used PPE. The overall prevalence of WRIs was 52%, with back injuries (32.6%), eye/mouth splashes (20.4%), and needle stick injuries (19.9%) being the most common. Years of work experience (p=0.014), type of profession (p<0.001), training in safety management (p=0.028), working hours (p=0.0001), working shifts (p=0.001), PPE availability (p=0.010), and sharp container availability (p=0.030) were significantly associated with WRIs. Conclusion This study revealed a high prevalence of WRIs among HCWs in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, with back injuries, eye/mouth splashes, and needle stick injuries being the most common types. The study also found that the injuries were significantly associated with the type of profession, experience, work hours, and shifts as well as the availability of safety management and equipment such as sharp containers and PPE.
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Tsegaye Amlak B, Tesfa S, Tesfamichael B, Abebe H, Zewudie BT, Mewahegn AA, Chekole Temere B, Terefe TF, GebreEyesus FA, Tsehay T, Solomon M. Needlestick and sharp injuries and its associated factors among healthcare workers in Southern Ethiopia. SAGE Open Med 2023; 11:20503121221149536. [PMID: 36741932 PMCID: PMC9893066 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221149536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Needlesticks and sharp injuries are occupational hazards for healthcare workers that result from the accidental piercing of the skin. Needlestick injuries expose healthcare workers to blood and body fluids that may be infected and can be transmitted to them. Healthcare workers have been exposed to blood-borne pathogens through contaminated needles and other sharp materials every day. Around 20 blood-borne diseases can be transmitted through casual needlesticks and sharp injuries. Objective To assess needlestick and sharp injuries and its associated factors among healthcare workers in Southern Ethiopia, 2021. Methods The hospital-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 341 healthcare workers in Worabe Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from June 10 to July 6, 2021. A stratified sampling technique was used and data were collected using standardized structural questionnaires by BSc nursing professionals. The collected data were checked for completeness and consistency by the investigator. The completed questionnaire was given an identification number and entered into EpiData version 3.5.1. The data were coded and analyzed using SPSS version 26 using a binary logistic regression model and presented with texts, tables, and graphs. Results The finding revealed that 30.6% of healthcare workers had experienced needlestick and sharp injuries within their working area. Healthcare workers not trained on safety measures of needlestick and sharp injury (adjusted odds ratio: 7.179 (3.494-14.749)), working in the delivery unit (adjusted odds ratio: 6.528 (3.171-11.834)), being older age (adjusted odds ratio: 3.394 (1.775-7.126)), working in inpatient unit (3.278 (1.804-5.231)), working in an emergency unit (adjusted odds ratio: 5.718 (4.326-6.398)), working in an operation room theater (adjusted odds ratio: 2.359 (1.781-4.430)), working as a medical laboratory technician (adjusted odds ratio: 1.070 (1.432-3.304)), working in pediatrics unit (adjusted odds ratio: 1.063 (1.431-2.843)), working as cleaners (adjusted odds ratio: 0.018 (0.002-0.195)), working <40 h per week (adjusted odds ratio: 0.036 (0.004-0.345)), and seldom needle recapping (adjusted odds ratio: 0.043 (0.015-0.125)) were statistically associated with needlestick and sharp injury. Conclusions In this study, there is a high magnitude of needlestick or sharp injuries among healthcare workers. Lack of training on work-related safety measures; working in delivery; being older age; working in the inpatient unit, emergency, operation room, and pediatrics units; being laboratory technicians, and cleaners; working hours per week; and seldom needle recapping were significant predictors of needlestick and sharp injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baye Tsegaye Amlak
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Shegaw Tesfa
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia,Shegaw Tesfa, Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
| | - Betelhem Tesfamichael
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Haimanot Abebe
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Bitew Tefera Zewudie
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Agerie Aynalem Mewahegn
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Bogale Chekole Temere
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Tamene Fetene Terefe
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Fisha Alebel GebreEyesus
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Tadesse Tsehay
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
| | - Mamo Solomon
- Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia
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Ghabayen F, ALBashtawy M, Abdelkader RH, Jarrah S, Eshah N, Abdalrahim A, Saifan A, Alkhawaldeh A, Rayan A, Ayed A, Al-Amer R, Mohammad KI, Al-Dwaikat T, Omari OA, ALBashtawy S, ALBashtawy B, Dameery KA. Knowledge and Compliance With Standard Precautions Among Nurses. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231189966. [PMID: 37528907 PMCID: PMC10388628 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231189966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The spread of microorganisms is caused by direct or indirect contact, respiratory droplets, and airborne transmission. Knowledge and compliance with standard precautions are crucial in preventing infection in the hospital. Objectives To assess the level of knowledge and compliance with standard precautions among registered nurses who work in military hospitals and the factors affecting compliance with standard precautions. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Four hundred and eight registered nurses at three Jordanian Royal Medical Services hospitals completed an online self-report questionnaire using a convenience sampling technique. The statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 was used to analyze the data. Results The level of knowledge of standard precautions among nurses was excellent, with an overall mean score of 15.59 ± 2.22 out of 20; around half (54%) of them had an excellent level. Nurses' compliance with standard precautions was intermediate, with an overall mean score of 59.65 ± 14.57 out of 80. Forty-seven percent of nurses had a high degree of compliance. Compliance with standard precautions was correlated positively with age, working experience in years, total knowledge score, training in standard precautions, and availability of personal protective equipment, and negatively with exposure to sharp injuries. Conclusion Nurses play a key role in preventing and managing hospital infections through their responsibility for a large proportion of patient treatment and care. Therefore, efforts should be made to improve nurses' perceptions of the basic elements of standard precautions. Even so, results showed that compliance with standard precautions was intermediate. This highlights the need to take the necessary measures to raise the level of compliance. Even so, results showed that compliance with standard precautions was intermediate. This highlights the need to take the necessary measures to raise the level of compliance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fares Ghabayen
- Prince Hashem Bin Al-Hussein Military Hospital, Royal Medical Services, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Mohammed ALBashtawy
- Department of Community and Mental Health, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Jordan
| | - Raghad Hussein Abdelkader
- Maternal and Child Health Department, Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Samiha Jarrah
- Dean Faculty of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Nidal Eshah
- Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Asem Abdalrahim
- Department of Community and Mental Health, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Saifan
- Nursing College, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Abdullah Alkhawaldeh
- Department of Community and Mental Health, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Rayan
- Faculty of Nursing, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Ayed
- Arab American University, Faculty of Nursing, Palestine
| | | | - Khitam Ibrahem Mohammad
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing, University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Tariq Al-Dwaikat
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Omar Al Omari
- Faculty of Nursing, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
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11
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Al-Mugheed K, Farghaly SM, Baghdadi NA, Oweidat I, Alzoubi MM. Incidence, knowledge, attitude and practice toward needle stick injury among nursing students in Saudi Arabia. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1160680. [PMID: 37213613 PMCID: PMC10192570 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1160680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Needle stick injuries constitute the greatest threat to nursing students during clinical practice because of accidental exposure to body fluids and infected blood. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine the prevalence of needle stick injuries and (2) measure the level of knowledge, attitude and practice among nursing students about needle stick injuries. Methods Three hundred participants undergraduate nursing students at a private college in Saudi Arabia were included, of whom 281 participated, for an effective response rate of 82%. Results The participants showed good knowledge scores with a mean score of 6.4 (SD = 1.4), and results showed that students had positive attitudes (Mean = 27.1, SD = 4.12). Students reported a low level of needle stick practice (Mean = 14.1, SD = 2.0). The total prevalence of needle stick injuries in the sample was 14.1%. The majority, 65.1%, reported one incidence in the last year, while (24.4%) 15 students reported two incident of needle stick injuries. Recapping was the most prevalent (74.1%), followed by during injection (22.3%). Most students did not write a report (77.4%), and being worried and afraid were the main reasons for non-reports (91.2%). The results showed that female students and seniors scored higher level in all needle stick injuries domains (knowledge, attitude and practice) than male students and juniors. Students who had needle stick injuries more than three times last year reported a lower level of all needle stick injury domains than other groups (Mean = 1.5, SD =1.1; Mean = 19.5, SD =1.1; Mean = 9.5, SD =1.1, respectively). Conclusion Although the student's showed good knowledge and positive attitudes in NSI, the students reported a low level of needle stick practice. Raising awareness among nursing students and conducting continuing education related to sharp devices and safety and how to write an incident reporting is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Al-Mugheed
- Adult Health Nursing and Critical Care, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- *Correspondence: Khalid Al-Mugheed,
| | - Sally Mohammed Farghaly
- Department of Nursing Management and Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiah A. Baghdadi
- Department of Nursing Management and Education, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Islam Oweidat
- Department of Nursing Management, Zarqa University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Majdi M. Alzoubi
- Community Health Nursing, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
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12
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Tejada-Pérez JJ, Herrera-Burgos MR, Parrón-Carreño T, Alarcón-Rodríguez R. Biohazard Accidents, Harmful Elements to the Wellness of Healthcare Workers, and Their Risk Factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13214. [PMID: 36293794 PMCID: PMC9603502 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For healthcare personnel, biohazard accidents pose a significant risk to their health. These exposures can enable the transmission of pathogens such as Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). OBJECTIVE To indicate and quantify the risk associated with higher threatening situations, such as biohazard accidents on repeated occasions or incorrect notifications to injured healthcare professionals. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Poniente Hospital in Almeria (Spain). In total, 592 participants reported 1062 accidents and their characteristics and notifications were analyzed. RESULTS It was found that women (OR = 1.29) working in the surgical area (OR = 2.92), those on indefinite contracts (OR = 1.67), and those with high work experience (OR = 1.14) were the main risk factors for multiple biohazard accidents. Concerning the incorrect notification of these accidents, the main risk factors were work performance during the afternoon shift (OR = 1.72) and the fact that the accident was caused by the injured worker himself (OR = 1.53). CONCLUSIONS This study outlined the main factors that can contribute to healthcare professionals suffering these accidents. As a result, corrective measures must be taken against these risk factors to improve safety for healthcare workers in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan José Tejada-Pérez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 La Cañada, Spain
- Occupational Health Service, Poniente Hospital Entrepreneurial Public Health Agency, Ctra. Almerimar, 31, 04700 El Ejido, Spain
| | - María Renée Herrera-Burgos
- Occupational Health Service, Poniente Hospital Entrepreneurial Public Health Agency, Ctra. Almerimar, 31, 04700 El Ejido, Spain
| | - Tesifón Parrón-Carreño
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 La Cañada, Spain
| | - Raquel Alarcón-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Almeria, Ctra. Sacramento, s/n, 04120 La Cañada, Spain
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13
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Garus-Pakowska A, Górajski M, Sakowski P. Non-Safety and Safety Device Sharp Injuries-Risk of Incidents, SEDs Availability, Attitudes and Perceptions of Nurses According to Cross-Sectional Survey in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11315. [PMID: 36141587 PMCID: PMC9517290 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Sharp injuries are a serious issue among healthcare workers (HCWs). The aim of the study was to examine the frequency of sharps injuries among nurses (who have the most frequent contact with infectious material) when using devices with and without safety features, then to analyse the factors associated with such injuries and to compare the risk of injuries with safety engineered devices (SEDs) and non-safety engineered devices (non-SEDs). An online cross-sectional survey was completed between October 2021 and March 2022 by 280 nurses. The incidence of exposure to sharp injury during their professional life was 51.4%. The percentage of nurses experiencing a sharp injury in the year preceding the study was 29% and 9.6% for superficially and deep injury, respectively. Ampoules and conventional hollow-bore needles caused the most injuries (25.92% and 22.64% of nurses in the last year). Factors including sex (males), age and seniority (elderly), education (higher), work exhaustion and being left-handed were associated with the occurrence of conventional hollow-bore needle injuries. In the case of SEDs: age, seniority and right/left-handed were the most frequent risk factors associated with the occurrence of sharp injuries. SEDs injuries were much less frequent than non-SEDs. There was a significant difference between the risk of injuries with safety and non-safety needles, central cannulas and ampoules. Fisher's exact test (p-value = 0.000) and positive Spearman's rho statistics (0.2319, p-value = 0.0001) confirmed that in accredited hospitals, the availability of safety needles was higher. Almost half of the nurses (n = 115, 41.07%) stated that staff had little influence on the type of medical sharp instruments supplied. To reduce the risk of nurse injuries, access to medical devices with safe protection mechanisms should be ensured, the use of sharp instruments should be limited where possible, managers should consult nurses regarding the choice of safe devices, and training programs on the proper use of SEDs should be available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Garus-Pakowska
- Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Medical University of Łódź, 90-752 Łódź, Poland
| | - Mariusz Górajski
- Faculty of Economics and Sociology, Department of Econometrics, University of Łódź, 90-214 Łódź, Poland
| | - Piotr Sakowski
- IKM Pro Sakowska, Michałowska, Łyszkiewicz sp.j., 90-132 Łódź, Poland
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14
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Patsopoulou A, Anyfantis I, Papathanasiou IV, Fradelos EC, Malliarou M, Tsaras K, Malli F, Papagiannis D. Reported Injuries from Sharp Objects among Healthcare Workers in Central Greece. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10071249. [PMID: 35885776 PMCID: PMC9318476 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10071249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Sharp injuries (SIs) are incidents or accidents caused by a needle, blades (such as scalpels) or other medical instruments which penetrate the skin. They are among the major work-related injuries in healthcare professionals. The purpose of this study is to estimate SIs in healthcare workers (HCWs) in Central Greece. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study through an online survey in healthcare facilities in Central Greece was conducted. Snowball sampling contributed to further dissemination of the survey among the target population. The modified version of the EPINet questionnaire was used with self-reported answers of the participants via electronic Google form. Results: Analysis of collected data indicated that 74.1% of the participants had at least one injury, with the highest number of injuries occurring in nursing staff at 65.1% and 62.3% of injuries recorded in the morning shift. With respect to the site of the injury, participants reported 33.1% of the injuries in the patient’s room, 11.8% in the nurse’s station, 9.6% in the Emergency Department (ED), 9.2% in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU), 8.4% in blood sampling, 8.4% in surgery, and only 7.8% in laboratories or other places. Additionally, hands were the most frequently affected body part (96%), while 69.6% of the workers did not report the injury and 53% of them did not apply the procedures and guidelines defined by the healthcare organization (employer). Relative factors to the injury are age, level of education, shifts, and possibly sex. Conclusions: SIs are the “Achilles heel” of health workers. The high incidence and low reporting rate of SIs highlights the need for specialized training and education. Age, work experience, and shift appear to significantly affect the incidence of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Patsopoulou
- Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
- Correspondence:
| | - Ioannis Anyfantis
- European Agency for Safety and Health at Work (EU-OSHA), 48003 Bilbao, Spain;
| | - Ioanna V. Papathanasiou
- Community Nursing Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Evangelos C. Fradelos
- Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Maria Malliarou
- Laboratory of Education, Research of Trauma Care and Patient Safety, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Konstantinos Tsaras
- Public Health & Vaccines Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (D.P.)
| | - Foteini Malli
- Respiratory Disorders Lab, Faculty of Nursing, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece;
| | - Dimitrios Papagiannis
- Public Health & Vaccines Laboratory, Faculty of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (K.T.); (D.P.)
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