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Dinhof C, Humer E, Haider K, Rabenstein R, Jesser A, Pieh C, Probst T, Gächter A. Comprehensive examination of support needs and mental well-being: a mixed-method study of the Austrian general population in times of crisis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1345796. [PMID: 38813409 PMCID: PMC11133677 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1345796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction In the recent years, the Austrian general population has faced a confluence of multiple crises. This study investigates the support wishes and mental health parameters of the Austrian general population aiming to comprehending the unmet needs and providing guidance for future psychosocial interventions and research endeavors. Methods 1,031 participants attended the online survey and one third (n = 332) wished for further support to improve mental well-being in April 2022. A total of 280 participants accompanied their support wish with written accounts. Participants' mental health status was evaluated using the PHQ-9 (depression), GAD-7 (anxiety), ISI (insomnia), PSS-10 (perceived stress), CAGE (alcohol abuse), WHO-5 (well-being), and the SCOFF (eating disorder) questionnaires. Data analysis employed a mixed-methods approach. Results The preeminent support wish identified was the need for professional mental support (29.3%), followed by communication (21.6%), other professional support except mental and medical support (13.9%). In line with these findings, participants expressing a support wish experienced increased mental health distress across all assessed parameters. Conclusion The findings indicate the presence of a vulnerable population within the Austrian general population, which may benefit from targeted support interventions. Consequently, this study contributes to the identification of unmet support needs among the Austrian populace during times of crisis, facilitating the development and enhancement of precisely tailored intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Dinhof
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Division of Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Elke Humer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Katja Haider
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Rafael Rabenstein
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Andrea Jesser
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Pieh
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Thomas Probst
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Division of Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Afsaneh Gächter
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Continuing Education Krems (Danube University Krems), Krems an der Donau, Austria
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Kanegusuku H, da Silva GO, Braghieri HA, de Carvalho JF, Costa RM, Cucato GG, Wolosker N, Ritti-Dias RM, Correia MA. Health and lifestyle parameters in peripheral artery disease at two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic: comparison between men and women. EINSTEIN-SAO PAULO 2024; 22:eAO0345. [PMID: 38451689 PMCID: PMC10948092 DOI: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2024ao0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study analyzed the impact of sex on self-reported health and lifestyle parameters in peripheral artery disease patients at two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS In this longitudinal study, 99 patients with peripheral artery disease (53 men and 46 women) were evaluated during two periods of the COVID-19 pandemic ( i.e ., at onset: May to August 2020, and on follow-up: May to August 2021). Patients were interviewed via telephone, and information regarding lifestyle and health parameters was obtained. RESULTS At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, health and habit parameters were similar between women and men, with 63.0% and 45.3% indicating frequent fatigue, 73.9% and 84.9% reporting increased sitting time, and 23.9% and 39.6% practicing physical activity, respectively. At follow-up, difficulties in physical mobility (women: from 26.1% to 73.9%, p<0.001; men: from 39.6% to 71.7%, p=0.001) and the frequency of hospitalization for reasons other than COVID-19 increased similarly in women and men (women: from 4.3% to 21.7%, p=0.013; men: from 9.4% to 24.5%, p=0.038). The other parameters were similar between the periods. CONCLUSION Self-reported physical mobility difficulties and hospitalization frequency increased in women and men with peripheral artery disease. BACKGROUND ▪ Sitting time increased in 73.9% of women and 84.9% of men at the onset of the pandemic. BACKGROUND ▪ Physical activity was practiced by 23.9% of women and 39.6% of men at the onset of the pandemic. BACKGROUND ▪ The prevalence of both women and men reporting physical mobility difficulties increased at follow-up. BACKGROUND ▪ Hospitalization rates for reasons unrelated to COVID-19 have increased in both women and. BACKGROUND While women experience more consequences related to peripheral artery disease than men, such as worse functional capacity and higher morbidity, there was a similar increase in physical mobility difficulty and frequency of hospitalization for reasons other than COVID-19 one year after the onset of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélcio Kanegusuku
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Renan Massena Costa
- Universidade Nove de JulhoSão PauloSPBrazilUniversidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Grizzo Cucato
- Northumbria UniversityNewcastle upon TyneEnglandNorthumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England.
| | - Nelson Wolosker
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilHospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
- Hospital Israelita Albert EinsteinFaculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert EinsteinSão PauloSPBrazilFaculdade Israelita de Ciências da Saúde Albert Einstein, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Marilia Almeida Correia
- Universidade Nove de JulhoSão PauloSPBrazilUniversidade Nove de Julho, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Sobotka M, Kern T, Haider K, Dale R, Wöhrer V, Pieh C, Probst T, Humer E, Jesser A. School students' burdens and resources after 2 years of COVID-19 in Austria: a qualitative study using content analysis. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1327999. [PMID: 38406498 PMCID: PMC10884163 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1327999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The mental health of young people has been severely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the measures associated with it. Mental health symptoms increased across various domains during the pandemic and subjective wellbeing decreased. Methods This study examined the burdens and resources of Austrian school students (M = 16.63 years old) in the third year of the pandemic and compared them descriptively with the burdens and resources identified in a comparative study in 2021. A cross-sectional online survey with open-ended questions from April to May 2022 provided data that was analyzed using qualitative content analysis. A sub-sample of N = 214 was selected from the larger sample. This sub-sample is representative for the Austrian population aged 15-19 in terms of gender and migrant background. Results Analysis of the open-ended questions showed that concerns about the pandemic and the burdens of the measures were no longer on young people's minds at the time of the survey in 2022. On the other hand, stress at school was increasing and the opening of schools and the resumption of face-to-face teaching were challenging for respondents. While resuming social contacts and leisure activities was mentioned as a resource by many respondents, some also expressed a desire for more time off and a retreat into coping strategies such as sleeping more or avoiding problems. Discussion Our findings suggest that there is a need for low-threshold support from teachers and parents to help students catch up on missed lessons and to empathize with the mas they make the transition back to "old normal".
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Affiliation(s)
- Marlies Sobotka
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Thomas Kern
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Katja Haider
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Rachel Dale
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Veronika Wöhrer
- Department of Education, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Pieh
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Thomas Probst
- Division of Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Elke Humer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Jesser
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Gächter A, Zauner B, Haider K, Schaffler Y, Probst T, Pieh C, Humer E. Areas of Concern and Support among the Austrian General Population: A Qualitative Content Analytic Mapping of the Shift between Winter 2020/21 and Spring 2022. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2539. [PMID: 37761736 PMCID: PMC10530781 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11182539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze areas of concern and support of the Austrian general population two years into the COVID-19 pandemic. A representative sample (N = 1031) of the Austrian general population was surveyed online between 19 April 2022 and 26 April 2022. A qualitative study design was used to explore the factors of most considerable current concern (Question 1) and the most important sources of support (Question 2). The responses to the two open-ended questions were evaluated using a conventional content analysis, and categories were formed according to the frequency of the answers. The analysis revealed that inflation and finances (30% of participants) and the war in Ukraine (22%) were the greatest sources of concern, followed by mental health (11%), and physical health (11%). Factors such as social contacts within and outside the family were mentioned most frequently as sources of support (36% of participants), followed by recreational activities (23%) and attitudes and abilities (22%). Compared to data collected at the end of the first year of the pandemic (between 23 December 2020 and 4 January 2021), concern about one's financial situation was now mentioned more frequently (30% vs. 8,5%). On the other hand, different types of pandemic-related concerns were mentioned less often. Social contacts and recreation were mentioned as the most important sources of support at both time points (46% and 36% of the participants). The results suggest that the economic concerns are lagging behind the restrictions imposed by the pandemic. In addition, the impending war in Ukraine seems to have a relevant impact on mental health in Austria. Further nuanced qualitative research, particularly involving vulnerable groups such as low-income individuals and the unemployed, is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsaneh Gächter
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (B.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.S.); (C.P.); (E.H.)
| | - Barbara Zauner
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (B.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.S.); (C.P.); (E.H.)
| | - Katja Haider
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (B.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.S.); (C.P.); (E.H.)
| | - Yvonne Schaffler
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (B.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.S.); (C.P.); (E.H.)
| | - Thomas Probst
- Division of Psychotherapy, Department of Psychology, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Christoph Pieh
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (B.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.S.); (C.P.); (E.H.)
| | - Elke Humer
- Department for Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems, Austria; (B.Z.); (K.H.); (Y.S.); (C.P.); (E.H.)
- Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, 1020 Vienna, Austria
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Lotzin A, Flechsenhar A, Garthus-Niegel S, Georg AK, Holl J, von Hülsen L, Kenntemich L, Kliem S, Kröger C, Mack JT, Mojahed A, Nunius S, Schröder J, Seitz K, von Thadden A, Volkert J, Zrnic Novakovic I, Lueger-Schuster B. [Domestic violence and its psychological consequences during the COVID-19 pandemic-key findings from German-speaking countries]. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2023:10.1007/s00103-023-03747-8. [PMID: 37428206 PMCID: PMC10371903 DOI: 10.1007/s00103-023-03747-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
The impact of traumatic experiences on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic has been insufficiently discussed in the German-speaking countries. Against this background, a working group of scientifically and clinically active colleagues was formed on behalf of the German-Speaking Society for Psychotraumatology (DeGPT). The aim of the working group was to summarize central research findings on the incidence of domestic violence and associated psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic in German-speaking countries and to discuss their implications. In addition, associations between pre-existing childhood trauma and psychological distress during the pandemic should be illuminated. The present narrative review was prepared for this purpose.The results of the studies conducted indicate high prevalences of domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic, which, however, predominantly correspond to pre-pandemic prevalences. Adults with current or pre-existing interpersonal traumatic experiences during childhood or adolescence reported increased psychological distress during the pandemic compared with adults without such experiences. A number of risk factors (e.g., female gender, lower frequency of social contacts) increased the risk of psychological distress and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms during the pandemic. According to these findings, people with current or past interpersonal trauma exposure represent a vulnerable group with special support needs during pandemic contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Lotzin
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy (ICPP), Department Psychologie, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland.
| | - Aleya Flechsenhar
- Lehrstuhl für Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Deutschland
| | - Susan Garthus-Niegel
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy (ICPP), Department Psychologie, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
- Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits- und Sozialmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Anna Katharina Georg
- Institut für Psychosoziale Prävention, Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Julia Holl
- Institut für Psychosoziale Prävention, Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Leonie von Hülsen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Laura Kenntemich
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy (ICPP), Department Psychologie, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Sören Kliem
- Fachbereich Sozialwesen, Ernst-Abbe-Hochschule Jena, University of Applied Sciences, Jena, Deutschland
- Department of Welfare, Ernst-Abbe-Hochschule Jena, University of Applied Sciences, Jena, Deutschland
| | - Christoph Kröger
- Abteilung Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Deutschland
| | - Judith T Mack
- Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits- und Sozialmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | - Amera Mojahed
- Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits- und Sozialmedizin, Medizinische Fakultät, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Deutschland
| | | | - Johanna Schröder
- Institute for Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy (ICPP), Department Psychologie, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Deutschland
| | - Katja Seitz
- Klinik für Allgemeine Psychiatrie, Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland
| | - Alexandra von Thadden
- Abteilung Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie, Universität Hildesheim, Hildesheim, Deutschland
| | - Jana Volkert
- Fakultät Naturwissenschaften, MSB Medical School Hamburg, Berlin, Deutschland
| | - Irina Zrnic Novakovic
- Institut für Klinische und Gesundheitspsychologie, Fakultät für Psychologie, Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Brigitte Lueger-Schuster
- Institut für Klinische und Gesundheitspsychologie, Fakultät für Psychologie, Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
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Fattori A, Comotti A, Mazzaracca S, Consonni D, Bordini L, Colombo E, Brambilla P, Bonzini M. Long-Term Trajectory and Risk Factors of Healthcare Workers' Mental Health during COVID-19 Pandemic: A 24 Month Longitudinal Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4586. [PMID: 36901597 PMCID: PMC10002366 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Research has shown the substantial impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers' (HCWs) mental health, however, it mostly relies on data collected during the early stages of COVID-19. The aim of this study is to assess the long-term trajectory of HCWs' mental health and the associated risk factors. METHODS a longitudinal cohort study was carried out in an Italian hospital. At Time 1 (July 2020-July 2021), 990 HCWs took part in the study and completed the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the Impact of Event Scale (IES-R), and the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7)questionnaire. McNemar's test measured changes in symptoms' trajectories, and random effects models evaluated risk factors associated with scores above the cut-off. RESULTS 310 HCWs participated to the follow-up evaluation (Time 2; July 2021-July 2022). At Time 2, scores above cut-offs were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than at Time 1 for all scales (23% vs. 48% for GHQ-12; 11% vs. 25% for IES-R; 15% vs. 23% for GAD-7). Risk factors for psychological impairment were being a nurse (IES-R: OR 4.72, 95% CI 1.71-13.0; GAD-7: OR 2.82, 95% CI 1.44-7.17), a health assistant (IES-R: OR 6.76, 95% CI 1.30-35.1), or having had an infected family member (GHQ-12: OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.01-3.83). Compared to Time 1, gender and experience in COVID-19 units lost significance with psychological symptoms. CONCLUSIONS data over more than 24 months from the pandemic onset showed improvement of HCWs' mental health; our findings suggested the need to tailor and prioritize preventive actions towards healthcare workforce.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Fattori
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Anna Comotti
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Sara Mazzaracca
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Consonni
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bordini
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Elisa Colombo
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Trasplantation, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Bonzini
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
- Occupational Medicine Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Litofcenko J, Meyer M, Neumayr M, Pennerstorfer A. Charitable Giving in Times of Covid-19: Do Crises Forward the Better or the Worse in Individuals? VOLUNTAS : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF VOLUNTARY AND NONPROFIT ORGANIZATIONS 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37360505 PMCID: PMC9974051 DOI: 10.1007/s11266-023-00558-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Why did some individuals react to the Covid-19 crisis in a prosocial manner, whereas others withdrew from society? To shed light onto this question, we investigate changing patterns of charitable giving during the pandemic. The study analyzes survey data of 2000 individuals, representative of the populations of Germany and Austria. Logistic regressions reveal that personal affectedness by Covid-19 seems to play a crucial role: those who were personally affected either mentally, financially, or health-wise during the first 12 months of Covid-19 were most likely to have changed their giving behavior. The observed patterns fit psychological explanations of how human beings process existential threats. Our findings indicate that a profound societal crisis in itself mainly leads to changes in charitable giving if individuals are severely affected on a personal level. Thereby, we contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying individuals' charitable giving behavior in times of crisis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11266-023-00558-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Litofcenko
- Institute for Nonprofit Management, WU Vienna, University of Economics and Business, Welthandelsplatz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Meyer
- Institute for Nonprofit Management, WU Vienna, University of Economics and Business, Welthandelsplatz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michaela Neumayr
- Institute for Nonprofit Management, WU Vienna, University of Economics and Business, Welthandelsplatz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
| | - Astrid Pennerstorfer
- Institute for Social Policy, WU Vienna, University of Economics and Business, Welthandelsplatz 1, 1020 Vienna, Austria
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Meo AS, Masood A, Shabbir U, Ali H, Nadeem Z, Meo SA, Alshahrani AN, AlAnazi S, Al-Masri AA, Al-Khlaiwi T. Adverse Effects of Sinopharm COVID-19 Vaccine among Vaccinated Medical Students and Health Care Workers. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11010105. [PMID: 36679950 PMCID: PMC9863525 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease caused a highly problematic situation worldwide. Various vaccines were launched to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aims to investigate the adverse effects of first and second doses of the Sinopharm vaccine among vaccinated medical and dental students and healthcare workers. A well-established questionnaire was distributed online, and 414 medical and dental students and healthcare workers (HCW) comprising 355 females (85.7%) and 59 males (14.3%) participated; all were vaccinated with two doses of Sinopharm. The most common side effect was pain at the injection site after dose one in 253 respondents (61.3%) and after dose two in 161 respondents (38.9%). Other symptoms included general lethargy in 168 (40.6%), myalgia/body pain in 99 (23.9%), low-grade fever in 93 (22.4%), and headache in 87 (21%) respondents. Common side effects reported after the second dose of the vaccine following pain at the injection site included general lethargy in 21.3% (88), headache in 10.4% (43), myalgia/body pain in 9.9% (41), and low-grade fever in 6.1% (25) of the respondents. In conclusion, common adverse effects of the Sinopharm vaccine were pain at the injection site, general lethargy, myalgia, body pain, low-grade fever, and headache. These adverse effects were mild in intensity for both doses but slightly more frequent and severe for the first dose than the second dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Sultan Meo
- College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 11461, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adeeba Masood
- Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Usama Shabbir
- Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Hubba Ali
- Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Nadeem
- Army Medical College, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Sultan Ayoub Meo
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 1146A1, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Saad AlAnazi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 1146A1, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer A Al-Masri
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 1146A1, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamir Al-Khlaiwi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh 1146A1, Saudi Arabia
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Mattiuzzi C, Lippi G. The Global Impact of COVID-19 on Threat Appraisals. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091718. [PMID: 36141329 PMCID: PMC9498705 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We planned an infodemiological analysis to estimate the global impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on threat appraisals. We accessed Google Trends using the search terms “Anxiety”, “Distress”, “Fear”, “Rumination”, “Stress” and “Worry” within the “topic” domain, setting the geographical location to “worldwide”, between July 2017 and July 2022. The weekly Google Trends score for the six search terms, thus, mirroring Web popularity and probable prevalence, was compared between the two search periods, “pre-COVID” (between July 2017 and February 2020) and COVID (between March 2020 and July 2022), thus, reflecting the volume of searches before and during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. The median weekly Google Trends score of all these search terms significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e., anxiety by 22%, distress by 13%, fear by 9%, rumination by 18%, stress by 13% and worry by 20%. With variable strength, the weekly Google Trends scores of each search term were found to be significantly associated (all p < 0.001). We can, hence, conclude that the enhanced burden of threat appraisals observed after SARS-CoV-2 spread leads the way to establish preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic measures in order to limit the unfavorable mental health consequences caused by the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Mattiuzzi
- Service of Clinical Governance, Provincial Agency for Social and Sanitary Services (APSS), 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lippi
- Section of Clinical Biochemistry and School of Medicine, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-045-8124308
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