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Al-Shuhaib MBS, Al-Shuhaib JMB. Phytochemistry, pharmacology, and medical uses of Oldenlandia (family Rubaceae): a review. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:2021-2053. [PMID: 37837473 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02756-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/16/2023]
Abstract
The Oldenlandia genus comprises approximately 240 species of plants, yet only a limited number of these have been investigated for their chemical composition and medicinal properties. These species contain a wide range of compounds such as iridoids, anthraquinones, triterpenes, phytosterols, flavonoids, anthocyanidins, vitamins, essential oils, phenolic acids, and coumarins. These diverse phytochemical profiles underscore the pharmacological potential of Oldenlandia plants for various medical purposes. Among other chemical constituents, ursolic acid stands out as the most important active compound in Oldenlandia, owing to its proven anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and hepatoprotective properties. The evaluation of Oldenlandia's pharmacological prospects indicates that the holistic utilization of the entire plant yields the most significant effects. Oldenlandia diffusa showcases anticancer and anti-inflammatory capabilities attributed to its varying constituents. Across a broad spectrum of pharmacological capacities, anticancer research predominates, constituting the majority of medical uses. Oldenlandia diffusa emerges as a standout for its remarkable anticancer effects against diverse malignancies. Antioxidant applications follow, with O. corymbosa demonstrating potent antioxidant properties alongside O. umbellata and O. diffusa. Subsequent priority lies in anti-inflammatory studies, wherein O. diffusa exhibits noteworthy efficacy, trailed by O. corymbosa also takes the lead in antimicrobial activity, with O. umbellata as a strong contender. Additional investigation is essential to ascertain the relative significance of these species in various pharmacological applications. This comprehensive assessment underscores the multifaceted potential of Oldenlandia as a versatile herbal resource, offering diverse pharmacological capacities. The call for sustained exploration and research remains essential to unlock the full extent of Oldenlandia's medicinal benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Baqur S Al-Shuhaib
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agriculture, Al-Qasim Green University, Al-Qasim 8, Babil, 51001, Iraq.
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Chen DH, Mao PJ, Diao WJ, Li Q. Toxicity study of compound granules of Hedyotis diffusa: Acute toxicity and long-term toxicity. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 321:117434. [PMID: 37992881 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The clinical efficacy of the hospital preparation compound granules of Hedyotis diffusa (CGHD), which is composed of Hedyotis diffusa Willd, Smilax china L., Solanum lyratum Thunb., has accumulated a good reputation over the past decades. However, because it is a hospital preparation, few researchers have paid attention to it, resulting in a lack of systematic basic research studies. Thus, it is not clear whether there are safety concerns that restrict its clinical application, and toxicological evaluation of CGHD is needed. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety of CGHD by conducting acute toxicity and long-term toxicity experiments, with the objective of providing evidence for its clinical safety and a theoretical foundation for its clinical application. MATERIALS AND METHODS KM mice were selected for the acute toxicity experiment and were administered water or CGHD-E 3 times within 24 h. The reactions of the animals to CGHD treatment were observed and recorded within 1 h after administration and then once a day for 14 consecutive days. SD rats were selected to conduct the long-term toxicity experiment. The drug-treated groups were administered different doses of CGHD-E, which were equivalent to 10 times, 20 times and 50 times the clinical dose in humans. The rats were administered the drug for 28 consecutive days. After 28 days, the animals were sacrificed, and routine blood tests, blood coagulation function analysis, liver and kidney function tests, and glycolipid metabolism related tests were conducted. The major organs of the rats were collected to calculate organ coefficients and perform hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. RESULTS In the CGHD-E acute toxicity experiment, the drug-treated groups did not show adverse reactions or poisoning symptoms, and the maximum tolerated dose of CGHD-E in mice was greater than 45.072 g/kg. In the long-term toxicity experiment, drug-treated rats generally exhibited a good condition, but continuous administration decreased on body weight and food intake, especially in male rats. Coagulation function alterations and the impact on the liver during long-term drug administration were also assessed, which should be emphasized in clinical applications. No significant toxic effects were observed according to routine blood tests or test of liver and kidney function, glucose and lipid metabolism, or ion metabolism. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study showed that CGHD was nontoxic or had low toxicity, providing not only a scientific basis for its clinical application, determining the appropriate clinical dose and monitoring clinical toxicity but also theoretical support for subsequent clinical drug trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Hong Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Peng-Juan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Diao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China
| | - Qin Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.100 Haining Road, Shanghai, 200080, PR China; Shanghai Eye Disease Prevention and Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, 200040, PR China.
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3
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Zarezadeh SM, Sharafi AM, Erabi G, Tabashiri A, Teymouri N, Mehrabi H, Golzan SA, Faridzadeh A, Abdollahifar Z, Sami N, Arabpour J, Rahimi Z, Ansari A, Abbasi MR, Azizi N, Tamimi A, Poudineh M, Deravi N. Natural STAT3 Inhibitors for Cancer Treatment: A Comprehensive Literature Review. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2024; 19:403-502. [PMID: 37534488 DOI: 10.2174/1574892818666230803100554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide, affecting millions of people physically and financially every year. Over time, many anticancer treatments have been proposed and studied, including synthetic compound consumption, surgical procedures, or grueling chemotherapy. Although these treatments have improved the daily life quality of patients and increased their survival rate and life expectancy, they have also shown significant drawbacks, including staggering costs, multiple side effects, and difficulty in compliance and adherence to treatment. Therefore, natural compounds have been considered a possible key to overcoming these problems in recent years, and thorough research has been done to assess their effectiveness. In these studies, scientists have discovered a meaningful interaction between several natural materials and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 molecules. STAT3 is a transcriptional protein that is vital for cell growth and survival. Mechanistic studies have established that activated STAT3 can increase cancer cell proliferation and invasion while reducing anticancer immunity. Thus, inhibiting STAT3 signaling by natural compounds has become one of the favorite research topics and an attractive target for developing novel cancer treatments. In the present article, we intend to comprehensively review the latest knowledge about the effects of various organic compounds on inhibiting the STAT3 signaling pathway to cure different cancer diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mahdi Zarezadeh
- Students' Scientific Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Sharafi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gisou Erabi
- Student Research Committee, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Arefeh Tabashiri
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Navid Teymouri
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hoda Mehrabi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Seyyed Amirhossein Golzan
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Science and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezoo Faridzadeh
- Department of Immunology and Allergy, Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdollahifar
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran
| | - Nafiseh Sami
- Student Research Committee, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University Medical Branch of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Javad Arabpour
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of New Sciences, Islamic Azad University Medical Branch of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Rahimi
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Zanjan, Iran
| | - Arina Ansari
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran
| | | | - Nima Azizi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hashemi M, Abbaszadeh S, Rashidi M, Amini N, Talebi Anaraki K, Motahhary M, Khalilipouya E, Harif Nashtifani A, Shafiei S, Ramezani Farani M, Nabavi N, Salimimoghadam S, Aref AR, Raesi R, Taheriazam A, Entezari M, Zha W. STAT3 as a newly emerging target in colorectal cancer therapy: Tumorigenesis, therapy response, and pharmacological/nanoplatform strategies. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116458. [PMID: 37348629 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most aggressive tumor globally, and it can be categorized into two forms: colitis-mediated CRC and sporadic CRC. The therapeutic approaches for CRC encompass surgical intervention, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, even with the implementation of these techniques, the 5-year survival rate for metastatic CRC remains at a mere 12-14%. In the realm of CRC treatment, gene therapy has emerged as a novel therapeutic approach. Among the crucial molecular pathways that govern tumorigenesis, STAT3 plays a significant role. This pathway is subject to regulation by cytokines and growth factors. Once translocated into the nucleus, STAT3 influences the expression levels of factors associated with cell proliferation and metastasis. Literature suggests that the upregulation of STAT3 expression is observed as CRC cells progress towards metastatic stages. Consequently, elevated STAT3 levels serve as a significant determinant of poor prognosis and can be utilized as a diagnostic factor for cancer patients. The biological and malignant characteristics of CRC cells contribute to low survival rates in patients, as the upregulation of STAT3 prevents apoptosis and promotes pro-survival autophagy, thereby accelerating tumorigenesis. Furthermore, STAT3 plays a role in facilitating the proliferation of CRC cells through the stimulation of glycolysis and promoting metastasis via the induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Notably, an intriguing observation is that the upregulation of STAT3 can mediate resistance to 5-fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and other anti-cancer drugs. Moreover, the radio-sensitivity of CRC diminishes with increased STAT3 expression. Compounds such as curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate, and other anti-tumor agents exhibit the ability to suppress STAT3 and its associated pathways, thereby impeding tumorigenesis in CRC. Furthermore, it is worth noting that nanostructures have demonstrated anti-proliferative and anti-metastatic properties in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Hashemi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahar Abbaszadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Islamic Azad University Tonekabon Branch, Tonekabon, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Nafisesadat Amini
- Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | | | - Ensi Khalilipouya
- Department of Radiology, Mahdiyeh Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sasan Shafiei
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urologic Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Shokooh Salimimoghadam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amir Reza Aref
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Xsphera Biosciences, Translational Medicine Group, 6 Tide Street, Boston, MA, 02210, USA
| | - Rasoul Raesi
- Health Services Management, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Wenliang Zha
- Second Affiliated Hospital, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China.
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5
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Julca I, Mutwil-Anderwald D, Manoj V, Khan Z, Lai SK, Yang LK, Beh IT, Dziekan J, Lim YP, Lim SK, Low YW, Lam YI, Tjia S, Mu Y, Tan QW, Nuc P, Choo LM, Khew G, Shining L, Kam A, Tam JP, Bozdech Z, Schmidt M, Usadel B, Kanagasundaram Y, Alseekh S, Fernie A, Li HY, Mutwil M. Genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analysis of Oldenlandia corymbosa reveals the biosynthesis and mode of action of anti-cancer metabolites. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36807520 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plants accumulate a vast array of secondary metabolites, which constitute a natural resource for pharmaceuticals. Oldenlandia corymbosa belongs to the Rubiaceae family, and has been used in traditional medicine to treat different diseases, including cancer. However, the active metabolites of the plant, their biosynthetic pathway and mode of action in cancer are unknown. To fill these gaps, we exposed this plant to eight different stress conditions and combined different omics data capturing gene expression, metabolic profiles, and anti-cancer activity. Our results show that O. corymbosa extracts are active against breast cancer cell lines and that ursolic acid is responsible for this activity. Moreover, we assembled a high-quality genome and uncovered two genes involved in the biosynthesis of ursolic acid. Finally, we also revealed that ursolic acid causes mitotic catastrophe in cancer cells and identified three high-confidence protein binding targets by Cellular Thermal Shift Assay (CETSA) and reverse docking. Altogether, these results constitute a valuable resource to further characterize the biosynthesis of active metabolites in the Oldenlandia group, while the mode of action of ursolic acid will allow us to further develop this valuable compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Julca
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Vaishnervi Manoj
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zahra Khan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Soak Kuan Lai
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Lay K Yang
- Shared Analytics, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Ing T Beh
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jerzy Dziekan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yoon P Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Shen K Lim
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Department of Biochemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117596, Singapore
| | - Yee W Low
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore
| | - Yuen I Lam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Seth Tjia
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yuguang Mu
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qiao W Tan
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Przemyslaw Nuc
- Department of Gene Expression, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, 61-614, Poland
| | - Le M Choo
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore
| | - Gillian Khew
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- Singapore Botanic Gardens, Singapore, 259569, Singapore
| | - Loo Shining
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Antony Kam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - James P Tam
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Zbynek Bozdech
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Bjoern Usadel
- IBG-4 Bioinformatics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, 52428, Germany
| | - Yoganathan Kanagasundaram
- Shared Analytics, Singapore Institute of Food and Biotechnology Innovation (SIFBI), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, 138671, Singapore
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
- Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, 4000, Bulgaria
| | - Hoi Y Li
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Marek Mutwil
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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6
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Lv Y, Wang Y. Chemical constituents from Oldenlandia diffusa and their cytotoxic effects on human cancer cell lines. Nat Prod Res 2023; 37:397-403. [PMID: 34933627 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.1974434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Oldenlandia diffusa is an important Chinese traditional medicine with various biological activities such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antibacterial, neuroprotective and hepatoprotective effects. During our course of finding novel compounds from O. diffusa, two new alternariol derivatives named 9-O-(trans-p-coumaroyl)-alternariol (1), 9-O-(trans-caffeoyl)-alternariol (2), together with six known compounds (3-8) were isolated. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic and physicochemical analysis. All isolates were evaluated for in vitro cytotoxic activities on MCF-7, HepG2, A549 and A2780 cancer cells. As a result, new compounds 1 and 2 exhibited potent cytotoxic activities on A2780 cancer cells with IC50 values of 3.1 and 9.4 μM, respectively. And a conclusion was deduced that the p-coumaroyl or caffeoyl moiety could greatly increased the cytotoxic activity of alternariol on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, China
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Emerging Role of Plant-Based Dietary Components in Post-Translational Modifications Associated with Colorectal Cancer. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020264. [PMID: 36836621 PMCID: PMC9962725 DOI: 10.3390/life13020264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Its main modifiable risk factors are diet, alcohol consumption, and smoking. Thus, the right approach through lifestyle changes may lead to its prevention. In fact, some natural dietary components have exhibited chemopreventive activity through modulation of cellular processes involved in CRC development. Although cancer is a multi-factorial process, the study of post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins associated with CRC has recently gained interest, as inappropriate modification is closely related to the activation of cell signalling pathways involved in carcinogenesis. Therefore, this review aimed to collect the main PTMs associated with CRC, analyse the relationship between different proteins that are susceptible to inappropriate PTMs, and review the available scientific literature on the role of plant-based dietary compounds in modulating CRC-associated PTMs. In summary, this review suggested that some plant-based dietary components such as phenols, flavonoids, lignans, terpenoids, and alkaloids may be able to correct the inappropriate PTMs associated with CRC and promote apoptosis in tumour cells.
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Mao ZQ, Minakawa N, Moi ML. Novel Antiviral Efficacy of Hedyotis diffusa and Artemisia capillaris Extracts against Dengue Virus, Japanese Encephalitis Virus, and Zika Virus Infection and Immunoregulatory Cytokine Signatures. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11192589. [PMID: 36235456 PMCID: PMC9571899 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Currently, there are no specific therapeutics for flavivirus infections, including dengue virus (DENV) and Zika virus (ZIKV). In this study, we evaluated extracts from the plants Hedyotis diffusa (HD) and Artemisia capillaris (AC) to determine the antiviral activity against DENV, ZIKV, and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). HD and AC demonstrated inhibitory activity against JEV, ZIKV, and DENV replication and reduced viral RNA levels in a dose-responsive manner, with non-cytotoxic concentration ranging from 0.1 to 10 mg/mL. HD and AC had low cytotoxicity to Vero cells, with CC50 values of 33.7 ± 1.6 and 30.3 ± 1.7 mg/mL (mean ± SD), respectively. The anti-flavivirus activity of HD and AC was also consistent in human cell lines, including human glioblastoma (T98G), human chronic myeloid leukemia (K562), and human embryonic kidney (HEK-293T) cells. Viral-infected, HD-treated cells demonstrated downregulation of cytokines including CCR1, CCL26, CCL15, CCL5, IL21, and IL17C. In contrast, CCR1, CCL26, and AIMP1 were elevated following AC treatment in viral-infected cells. Overall, HD and AC plant extracts demonstrated flavivirus replication inhibitory activity, and together with immunoregulatory cytokine signatures, these results suggest that HD and AC possess bioactive compounds that may further be refined as promising candidates for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Qiu Mao
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Noboru Minakawa
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Meng Ling Moi
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
- School of International Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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9
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Wu Z, Yin B, You F. Molecular Mechanism of Anti-Colorectal Cancer Effect of Hedyotis diffusa Willd and Its Extracts. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:820474. [PMID: 35721163 PMCID: PMC9201484 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.820474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With the sharp change in our diet and lifestyle, the incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing among young people and has become the second most common malignant tumor worldwide. Although the current treatment of CRC is getting updated rapidly, recurrence and metastasis are still inevitable. Therefore, new anticancer drugs are needed to break existing limitations. In recent years, Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW) extracts have been proved to demonstrate excellent anti-colorectal cancer effects and have been widely used in clinical practices. In this review, we aim to explore the advantages, potential signaling pathways, and representative active ingredients of HDW in the treatment of CRC from the perspective of molecular mechanism, in order to provide new ideas for the future treatment of CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihong Wu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Yin
- School of Second Clinical Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengming You
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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Hung HY, Cheng KC, Kuo PC, Chen IT, Li YC, Hwang TL, Lam SH, Wu TS. Chemical Constituents of Hedyotis diffusa and Their Anti-Inflammatory Bioactivities. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020335. [PMID: 35204218 PMCID: PMC8868389 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Seven new anthraquinones with rare 2-isopropyldihydrofuran (1–3) and 2,2-dimethylpyrano (4–7) moieties together with thirty-four known compounds were isolated from the extracts of whole Hedyotis diffusa plants. Their structures were elucidated and established by various spectroscopic and spectrometric analytical methods. Among these isolates, selected compounds were examined for their anti-inflammatory activity. The results showed that rare substituted anthraquinones displayed potent inhibitory activity with IC50 values ranging from 0.15 ± 0.01 to 5.52 ± 1.59 µM on the N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine/cytochalasin B (fMLP/CB)-induced superoxide anion generation and elastase release cellular models. Meanwhile, the proposed drug target of the active anthraquinone was studied by computer modeling. The binding affinity between the anti-inflammatory anthraquinone and elastase was evaluated by molecular docking. These results provided the scientific insight into the medicinal values of Hedyotis diffusa and vision of development as lead compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Yi Hung
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (P.-C.K.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | | | - Ping-Chung Kuo
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (P.-C.K.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - I-Tsen Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan;
| | - Yue-Chiun Li
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (P.-C.K.); (Y.-C.L.)
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Research Center for Food and Cosmetic Safety, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan
| | - Sio-Hong Lam
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (P.-C.K.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (T.-S.W.); Tel.: +886-6-2353535 (ext. 6807) (S.-H.L.); +886-6-2757575 (ext. 65333) (T.-S.W.)
| | - Tian-Shung Wu
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan; (H.-Y.H.); (P.-C.K.); (Y.-C.L.)
- Correspondence: (S.-H.L.); (T.-S.W.); Tel.: +886-6-2353535 (ext. 6807) (S.-H.L.); +886-6-2757575 (ext. 65333) (T.-S.W.)
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11
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Qian K, Fu D, Jiang B, Wang Y, Tian F, Song L, Li L. Mechanism of Hedyotis Diffusa in the Treatment of Cervical Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:808144. [PMID: 34975504 PMCID: PMC8715005 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.808144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors among women in the world. In clinical practice, Hedyotis diffusa has pharmacological effects in treating cervical cancer, but its components are relatively complex, and the mechanism of Hedyotis diffusa in treating cervical cancer is still unclear. In this work, the potential active components and mechanism of Hedyotis diffusa in the treatment of cervical cancer were explored by means of network pharmacology. By constructing its active ingredient-target network, and enriching and analyzing the targets, we found the key targets and their effective components (beta-Sitosterol and Quercetin) that play a therapeutic role. Finally, we evaluated the prognostic value of the core target genes through survival analysis. Our work initially explored the therapeutic mechanism of cervical cancer, which lays a theoretical foundation for further exploring its pharmacological action and its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Medical College of YiChun University, Yichun, China
| | - Dan Fu
- Medical College of YiChun University, Yichun, China
| | - Baorui Jiang
- Medical College of YiChun University, Yichun, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Medical College of YiChun University, Yichun, China
| | - Fei Tian
- Medical College of YiChun University, Yichun, China
| | - Li Song
- Medical College of YiChun University, Yichun, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Medical College of YiChun University, Yichun, China
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12
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Sun Q, He M, Zhang M, Zeng S, Chen L, Zhao H, Yang H, Liu M, Ren S, Xu H. Traditional Chinese Medicine and Colorectal Cancer: Implications for Drug Discovery. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:685002. [PMID: 34276374 PMCID: PMC8281679 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.685002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
As an important part of complementary and alternative medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been applied to treat a host of diseases for centuries. Over the years, with the incidence rate of human colorectal cancer (CRC) increasing continuously and the advantage of TCM gradually becoming more prominent, the importance of TCM in both domestic and international fields is also growing with each passing day. However, the unknowability of active ingredients, effective substances, and the underlying mechanisms of TCM against this malignant tumor greatly restricts the translation degree of clinical products and the pace of precision medicine. In this review, based on the characteristics of TCM and the oral administration of most ingredients, we herein provide beneficial information for the clinical utilization of TCM in the prevention and treatment of CRC and retrospect the current preclinical studies on the related active ingredients, as well as put forward the research mode for the discovery of active ingredients and effective substances in TCM, to provide novel insights into the research and development of innovative agents from this conventional medicine for CRC treatment and assist the realization of precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haibo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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13
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Ting CT, Cheng YY, Tsai TH. Preclinical Pharmacokinetic Interaction and Histopathological Analyses of Hedyotis diffusa on Sorafenib in Rats. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:3060-3067. [PMID: 33553923 PMCID: PMC7860071 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sorafenib is one of the most effective target therapeutic agents for patients with late-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. To seek possible alternative adjuvant agents to enhance the efficacy and improve the side effect of sorafenib, Hedyotis diffusa, one of the most prescribed phytomedicines for treating liver cancer patients in Taiwan, was evaluated in this work. We hypothesized that H. diffusa extract is a safety herb combination on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of sorafenib. We designed treatments of sorafenib in combination with or without H. diffusa extract to examine its pharmacokinetic properties and effects on liver inflammation. The HPLC-photodiode-array method was designed for monitoring the plasma level and pharmacokinetic parameter of sorafenib in rat plasma. The pharmacokinetic results demonstrated that the area under the curve of sorafenib (10 mg/kg, p.o.) in combination with various doses of H. diffusa formulation (1, 3, and 10 g/kg, p.o.) for 5 consecutive days were 5560 ± 1392, 7965 ± 2055, 7271 ± 1371, and 8821 ± 1705 min μg/mL, respectively, no significant difference when compared with sorafenib treatment alone. Furthermore, the hepatic activity in rats administered with sorafenib with/without H. diffusa extract was quantitatively scored by modified hepatic activity index grading. H. diffusa extract in the range of 1 to 10 g/kg per day did not elicit significant herb-induced hepatotoxicity in rats, based on the histopathological study. Consequently, our findings provided positive safety outcomes for the administration of sorafenib in combination with the phytomedicine H. diffusa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Tsung Ting
- Division
of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Ren-Ai Branch, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei 10629, Taiwan
- General
Education Center, University of Taipei, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Institute
of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine,National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Yi Cheng
- Natural
Products Research Laboratories, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute
of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine,National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Graduate
Institute of Acupuncture Science, China
Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- School of
Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
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14
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Meng F, Liang Z, Zhao K, Luo C. Drug design targeting active posttranslational modification protein isoforms. Med Res Rev 2020; 41:1701-1750. [PMID: 33355944 DOI: 10.1002/med.21774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Modern drug design aims to discover novel lead compounds with attractable chemical profiles to enable further exploration of the intersection of chemical space and biological space. Identification of small molecules with good ligand efficiency, high activity, and selectivity is crucial toward developing effective and safe drugs. However, the intersection is one of the most challenging tasks in the pharmaceutical industry, as chemical space is almost infinity and continuous, whereas the biological space is very limited and discrete. This bottleneck potentially limits the discovery of molecules with desirable properties for lead optimization. Herein, we present a new direction leveraging posttranslational modification (PTM) protein isoforms target space to inspire drug design termed as "Post-translational Modification Inspired Drug Design (PTMI-DD)." PTMI-DD aims to extend the intersections of chemical space and biological space. We further rationalized and highlighted the importance of PTM protein isoforms and their roles in various diseases and biological functions. We then laid out a few directions to elaborate the PTMI-DD in drug design including discovering covalent binding inhibitors mimicking PTMs, targeting PTM protein isoforms with distinctive binding sites from that of wild-type counterpart, targeting protein-protein interactions involving PTMs, and hijacking protein degeneration by ubiquitination for PTM protein isoforms. These directions will lead to a significant expansion of the biological space and/or increase the tractability of compounds, primarily due to precisely targeting PTM protein isoforms or complexes which are highly relevant to biological functions. Importantly, this new avenue will further enrich the personalized treatment opportunity through precision medicine targeting PTM isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanwang Meng
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zhongjie Liang
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kehao Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Drug Evaluation (Yantai University), Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Drug Delivery System and Biotech Drugs in Universities of Shandong, Yantai University, Yantai, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, the Center for Chemical Biology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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15
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Wazir J, Ullah R, Khongorzul P, Hossain MA, Khan MW, Aktar N, Cui X, Zhou X. The effectiveness of Hedyotis diffusa Willd extract in a mouse model of experimental autoimmune prostatitis. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13913. [PMID: 33236398 DOI: 10.1111/and.13913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) is a frustrating and often debilitating disease. Current studies have shown that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can improve patients' quality of life and alleviate CP/CPPS symptoms. In this study, the efficacy of Hedyotis diffusa Willd aqueous extraction in experimental autoimmune prostatitis (EAP) mice models was revealed. The C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to three groups. Except for the control group, all other groups were subcutaneously injected with 0.2 ml emulsion of T2 peptide, on day 0 and day 14, for inducing EAP models. After the EAP modelling, oral saline was given to the model group, while the H. diffusa group was treated with aqueous extract of H. diffusa Willd. Micturition habits and withdrawal response frequencies were measured. Haematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemistry were used to investigate inflammatory cell infiltration and TNF-α in the prostate tissue respectively. TNF-α levels in the serum were evaluated by ELISA. The H. diffusa Willd aqueous extraction considerably reduced the urine spots number and increased the pain threshold in H. diffusa group. H. diffusa group showed significantly reduced inflammatory lesion and inflammatory cell infiltration than the model group. The levels of TNF-α in H. diffusa group were considerably reduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junaid Wazir
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rahat Ullah
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Puregmaa Khongorzul
- Antibody Engineering Laboratory, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Md Amir Hossain
- Center for New Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - Nasrin Aktar
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xingxing Cui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Surgery, Nanjing Shuiximen Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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16
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Dong B, Yang Z, Ju Q, Zhu S, Wang Y, Zou H, Sun C, Zhu C. Anticancer Effects of Fufang Yiliu Yin Formula on Colorectal Cancer Through Modulation of the PI3K/Akt Pathway and BCL-2 Family Proteins. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:704. [PMID: 32850824 PMCID: PMC7431655 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Fufang Yiliu Yin (FYY) is a traditional Chinese medicine formula used in clinical practice for cancer treatment, but its effectiveness and mechanism of action in human CRC are unclear. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of FYY on HCT116 and SW480 human CRC cell lines in vitro and evaluated the underlying molecular mechanism. A subcutaneous xenograft mouse model was used to confirm the antitumor effect in vivo. The components and targets of FYY were collected from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database (TCMSP) database. CRC targets were collected via the GeneCards and OMIM databases. Protein–protein interactions were explored using the STRING platform. Cytoscape was used to construct drug–disease–target networks. KEGG and GO analyses were performed to investigate common FYY and CRC targets. FYY significantly inhibited cell proliferation and induced HCT116 and SW480 cell apoptosis. Cell proliferation was blocked at the G0/G1 phase, while cell apoptosis was promoted at the early stage. According to the network pharmacological analysis, quercetin and kaempferol were the most bioactive compounds of FYY. The key targets of FYY were cyclin-D1, MAPK8, and EGFR. GO analysis showed that core targets included the apoptotic signaling pathway, response to steroid hormone, and cellular response to organic cyclic compound. The KEGG pathway analysis showed that FYY may affect CRC through the PI3K/Akt pathway. In vitro, FYY significantly inhibited tumor growth. Pathway analysis confirmed that FYY induced cell apoptosis by modulating PI3K/Akt signaling and BCL-2 family proteins. Hence, our findings indicate that FYY may be a promising adjuvant therapy for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzi Dong
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer Assisted Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenjie Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of General Surgery, Anqiu People's Hospital, Anqiu, China
| | - Qiang Ju
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shigao Zhu
- Department of General Medicine, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang, China
| | - Yixiu Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hao Zou
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuandong Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengzhan Zhu
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Digital Medicine and Computer Assisted Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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17
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Kong MY, Li LY, Lou YM, Chi HY, Wu JJ. Chinese herbal medicines for prevention and treatment of colorectal cancer: From molecular mechanisms to potential clinical applications. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2020; 18:369-384. [PMID: 32758397 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2020.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors, leading to immense social and economic burdens. Currently, the main treatments for CRC include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC, the prognosis for CRC patients remains poor. Furthermore, the occurrence of side effects and toxicities severely limits the clinical use of these therapies. Therefore, alternative medications with high efficacy but few side effects are needed. An increasing number of modern pharmacological studies and clinical trials have supported the effectiveness of Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs) for the prevention and treatment of CRC. CHMs may be able to effectively reduce the risk of CRC, alleviate the adverse reactions caused by chemotherapy, and prolong the survival time of patients with advanced CRC. Studies of molecular mechanisms have provided deeper insight into the roles of molecules from CHMs in treating CRC. This paper summarizes the current understanding of the use of CHMs for the prevention and treatment of CRC, the main molecular mechanisms involved in these processes, the role of CHMs in modulating chemotherapy-induced adverse reactions, and CHM's potential role in epigenetic regulation of CRC. The current study provides beneficial information on the use of CHMs for the prevention and treatment of CRC in the clinic, and suggests novel directions for new drug discovery against CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-Yan Kong
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Le-Yan Li
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yan-Mei Lou
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong-Yu Chi
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wu
- Joint Laboratory for Translational Cancer Research of Chinese Medicine of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, International Institute for Translational Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong Province, China.
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18
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Li YL, Chen X, Niu SQ, Zhou HY, Li QS. Protective Antioxidant Effects of Amentoflavone and Total Flavonoids from Hedyotis diffusa on H 2 O 2 -Induced HL-O2 Cells through ASK1/p38 MAPK Pathway. Chem Biodivers 2020; 17:e2000251. [PMID: 32342591 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202000251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, total flavonoids and total triterpenoid acid were extracted with ethyl acetate from Hedyotis diffusa Willd, and hepatoprotective activities of them and five compounds from total flavonoids against H2 O2 induced hepatocyte damage on HL-02 cells were determined. In particular, amentoflavone and total flavonoids had influence on the leakage of ALT, AST, LDH, the activities of SOD and the content of MDA. They effectively reduced the loss of MMP, the release of Cyt C, and then inhibited activation of caspase-3/caspase-9 cascade in hepatotoxic cells. The contents of ROS were significantly reduced to inhibit p38 in amentoflavone and flavonoids groups which decreased ASK1 and p-p38 levels through increasing thioredoxin Trx1 and reductase TrxR1. These results suggesting that the antioxidant protection of amentoflavone and flavonoids might be reducing ROS to inhibit the H2 O2 -induced upstream of pathway via increasing levels of Trx1 and TrxR1, which were pivotal in blocking the down streaming effectors of ASK1/p38 MAPK pathway and alleviating hepatotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Lan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China.,Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, Jinzhong, 030619, P. R. China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Si-Qing Niu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Yan Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Shan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China.,Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Key Laboratory of Innovative Drug for the Treatment of Serious Diseases Basing on the Chronic Inflammation, Jinzhong, 030619, P. R. China
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19
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Polysaccharides from Hedyotis diffusa enhance the antitumor activities of cytokine-induced killer cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 117:109167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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20
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Hu CJ, He J, Li GZ, Fang PP, Xie JD, Ding YW, Mao YQ, Hu KF. Analyzing hedyotis diffusa mechanisms of action from the genomics perspective. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2019; 174:1-8. [PMID: 30442470 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2018.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Hedyotis diffusa is an herb used for anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-fibroblast treatment in the clinical practice of Traditional Chinese Medicine. However, its pharmacological mechanisms have not been fully established and there is a lack of modern scientific verification. One of the best ways to further understand Hedyotis diffusa's mechanisms of action is to analyze it from the genomics perspective. METHODS In this study, we used network pharmacology approaches to infer the herb-gene interactions, the herb-pathway interactions, and the gene families. We then analyzed Hedyotis diffusa's mechanisms of action using the genomics context combined with the Traditional Chinese Medicine clinical practice and the pharmacological research. RESULTS The results obtained in the pathway and gene family analysis were consistent with the Traditional Chinese Medicine clinical experience and the pharmacological activities of Hedyotis diffusa. CONCLUSIONS Our approach can identify related genes and pathways correctly with little a priori knowledge, and provide potential directions to facilitate further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Jun Hu
- School of Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ju He
- School of Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guo-Zheng Li
- Data Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Science, China
| | - Pei-Pei Fang
- School of Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jia-Dong Xie
- School of Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - You-Wei Ding
- School of Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Qing Mao
- School of Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kong-Fa Hu
- School of Information Technology, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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21
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Su X, Li Y, Jiang M, Zhu J, Zheng C, Chen X, Zhou J, Li Y, Xiao W, Wang Y. Systems pharmacology uncover the mechanism of anti-non-small cell lung cancer for Hedyotis diffusa Willd. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:969-984. [PMID: 30551551 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.10.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has become one of the most general malignancies in the world and has been shown to be the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is considered to be a useful medicine for survival, and has been used in Asia for thousands of years. Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW) is an important folk herb that is used in clinical treatment of various cancers in various Chinese medicine prescriptions. However, its underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Presently, we used an innovative system-pharmacology platform to systematically uncover the pharmacological mechanisms of HDW in the treatment of NSCLC from molecules, targets, and pathway levels. The results show that HDW treatment of NSCLC may activate immunity, achieve anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and anti-migration therapeutic effects by regulating multiple pathways. This research provides a new idea for understanding the mechanism of TCM and promotes to develop potential drugs from HDW in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Su
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Yueping Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Jinglin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Chunli Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710000, China
| | - Xuetong Chen
- Lab of Systems Pharmacology, Center of Bioinformatics, College of Life Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, 222002, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China; Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), Department of Materials Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning, 116024, China.
| | - Wei Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Jiangsu Kanion Parmaceutical Co. Ltd., Lianyungang, 222002, China.
| | - Yonghua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, Shihezi University, Shihezi, 832002, China; Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, 710000, China.
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22
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Chen W, Jin Y, Yang H, Wei L, Lin J. Hedyotis diffusa Willd reduces migration and invasion through inhibition of TGF-β-induced EMT in colorectal cancer cells. Eur J Integr Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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23
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Yang Y, Zhou H, Liu W, Wu J, Yue X, Wang J, Quan L, Liu H, Guo L, Wang Z, Lian X, Zhang Q. Ganoderic acid A exerts antitumor activity against MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells by inhibiting the Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2018; 16:6515-6521. [PMID: 30405790 PMCID: PMC6202552 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.9475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a common malignant tumor among females, with triple-negative breast cancer being an important type accounting for 15–20% of all breast cancer cases. Triple-negative breast cancer is one of the most aggressive types of cancer without standard adjuvant chemotherapy. Ganoderic acid A (GA-A) is one of the major bioactive Ganoderma triterpenoids isolated from Ganoderma, which are recognized for their preventative and therapeutic effects. In the present study, the antineoplastic effect of GA-A on human breast cancer was investigated and the pro-apoptotic function of Janus kinase (JAK)2 and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)3 on the function of GA-A was revealed. GA-A treatment inhibited the invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, GA-A exhibited significant antitumor activity by enhancing the apoptotic index and reactive oxygen species production. In the present study, GA-A was identified to directly inhibit JAK2 phosphorylation and STAT3 downstream activation. In addition, GA-A suppressed STAT3 target gene expression, including B cell lymphoma-extra-large and Myeloid cell leukemia 1, resulting in elevated levels of proteins associated with mitochondrial apoptosis in addition to inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinase. GA-A, in combination with AG490, a JAK2/STAT3 inhibitor, further decreased MDA-MB-231 cell viability. In conclusion, GA-A treatment inhibited breast cancer cell viability via JAK2/STAT3 downregulation and may regulate associated targets to serve an anti-MDA-MB-231 role, including mitochondrial apoptosis and regulating the expression of cell-cycle-associated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuguang Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hongfeng Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Wenming Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Yue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Jincai Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Lina Quan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Hang Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Li Guo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Xin Lian
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Qingyuan Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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Rautray S, Panikar S, Amutha T, Rajananthini AU. Anticancer activity of Adiantum capillus veneris and Pteris quadriureta L. in human breast cancer cell lines. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:1897-1911. [PMID: 30194562 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4337-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer worldwide that costs lives of millions of people every year. Plant products with potential anticancer activities have become a vital source of novel agents in treating cancer. Adiantum capillus veneris (ACV) and Pteris Quadriureta (PQ) are such traditional herbs with potential pharmacological properties. In this study, both crude methanol extract and gold nanoparticles of ACV and PQ were tested for their anticancer activities in MCF7 and BT47 cell lines. By using GC-MS, we have identified 23 and 28 bioactive compounds in ACV and PQ respectively. We analysed the effects of ACV and PQ nanoparticles on various proteins involved in cell cycle and apoptosis using western blotting and PCR. With the help of flow cytometry, we measured number of cells undergoing apoptosis. We found that both the crude extract and nanoparticles have anti-proliferative and apoptosis inducing properties against MCF7 and BT47 cell lines. We also performed molecular docking to check whether there were any interactions between proteins involved in apoptosis and cell cycle and bioactive compounds present in the plant extracts. By using docking analysis, we also showed that phytol and eicosapentaenoic acid present in ACV and PQ interact with Bcl2 and cyclin D1. These findings demonstrate that ACV and PQ possess anticancer activities by modulating proteins involved in cell cycle and apoptosis. ACV and PQ that effectively modulate various oncogenic molecules can be used as promising agent for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satabdi Rautray
- Department of Biotechnology, Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, 624101, India.
| | - Sukanya Panikar
- Department of Biotechnology, Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, 624101, India
| | - T Amutha
- Department of Physics, Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal, India
| | - A Usha Rajananthini
- Department of Biotechnology, Mother Teresa Women's University, Kodaikanal, Tamil Nadu, 624101, India
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Zhao M, Han J. Dendrobium Officinale Kimura et Migo Ameliorates Insulin Resistance in Rats with Diabetic Nephropathy. Med Sci Monit Basic Res 2018; 24:84-92. [PMID: 29849017 PMCID: PMC6007491 DOI: 10.12659/msmbr.909242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence suggests the potential of Dendrobium officinale Kimura et Migo (DO) in treating the complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). We evaluated the therapeutic potential of DO in treating diabetic nephropathy (DN) by preventing insulin resistance. MATERIAL AND METHODS A DN model was established. Mean glomerular volume of rats was estimated by the method of Weibel-Gomez. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to determine the expression of mRNAs and we used Western blot assay to determine the expression of proteins. The levels of fasting insulin (FINS) and glucagon (GLU) were measured and we assessed the levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Compared with the Normal rats, the levels of urinary glucose, albuminuria, Scr, albuminuria/Scr and BUN, and the expression levels of CaN, TLR-2, TLR-4, MyD88, hs-CRP, TNF-a, and IL-6, the level of FINS, GLU, and HOMAIR were increased in DN, DO 1.0, DO 2.0, and DMBG groups. Compared with the DN rats, in DO 1.0, DO 2.0, and DMBG groups the glomerular volume was smaller, the levels of urinary glucose, albuminuria, Scr, albuminuria/Scr, and BUN, the expression levels of CaN, TLR-2, TLR-4, MyD88, hs-CRP, TNF-a, and IL-6, the level of FINS, GLU, and HOMA-IR were decreased. CONCLUSIONS We found that DO prevents insulin resistance in rats with DN. This may be associated with reduction of TLRs and inflammatory response, which should be further verified by loss of DO effects on DN after treatment of inhibitors of TLRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Research and Development Department, Shanghai Sanxiang Investment Holdings Co., Ltd., Shanghai, P.R. China
- Research and Development Department, Hunan Yandi Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Jungang Han
- Research and Development Department, Shanghai Sanxiang Investment Holdings Co., Ltd., Shanghai, P.R. China
- Research and Development Department, Hunan Yandi Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Zhuzhou, Hunan, P.R. China
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Zuo HJ, Liu S, Yan C, Li LM, Pei XF. In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Antitumor Activity of Ligustrum robustum, A Chinese Herbal Tea. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 25:425-430. [PMID: 29790063 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2983-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of the aqueous extract of Ligustrum robustum on tumor growth in vitro and in vivo and explore the possible molecular mechanisms. METHODS In in vitro study, cell viabilities of human cervical carcinoma cells (HeLa), human breast cancer cells (MCF-7), human prostate cancer cells (PC-3), human hepatoma cells (7721) and human colon carcinoma cells (SW480) were evaluated with cell counting kit-8. For L. robustum-treated Hela cells, early or late apoptosis were evaluated by annexin V/PI staining. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by staining cells with JC-1. Apoptosis was monitored by nuclear morphology based on chromatin condensation and fragmentation by 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylinole (DAPI) staining. Caspase-3 and -8 activity levels were measured by a colorimetric assay. In vivo, to evaluate the possible mechanism of L. robustum-mediated antitumor effect, nude mouse xenograft study was also conducted. RESULTS In in vitro study, L. robustum was found to be toxic to HeLa, MCF-7, PC-3, 7721, SW480, with an half maximal inhibitory concentration value of 2-5 mg/mL (P<0.05). Moreover, externalization of phosphatidylserine, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA fragmentation and activation of caspase-3 and -8 were detected in L. robustum-treated Hela cells. Using a nude mouse model bearing Hela xenografts, we found that L. robustum reduced tumor volume and tumor weight (P<0.05), but had no effect on body weight and histological damage of important organs. Intraperitoneal injection of L. robustum caused a significant reduction in serum aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase levels (P<0.05). Furthermore, cleaved caspase-3-positive and terminal nucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells were observed in L. robustum-treated tumor tissues. CONCLUSIONS L. robustum inhibits tumor cell growth both in vitro and in vivo by inducing apoptosis in a caspase-dependent way without apparent hepatic toxicity and histological damage, which may offer partial scientific support for the ethnopharmacological claims of L. robustum as a herbal tea for its antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Jiang Zuo
- West China Hospital/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Chun Yan
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li-Man Li
- The Second Clinical College of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430000, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Pei
- Department of Public Health Laboratory Sciences, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Liu X, Wu J, Zhang D, Wang K, Duan X, Meng Z, Zhang X. Network Pharmacology-Based Approach to Investigate the Mechanisms of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2018; 2018:7802639. [PMID: 29853970 PMCID: PMC5954954 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7802639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (HDW) is one of the renowned herbs often used in the treatment of gastric cancer (GC). However, its curative mechanism has not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE To systematically investigate the mechanisms of HDW in GC. METHODS A network pharmacology approach mainly comprising target prediction, network construction, and module analysis was adopted in this study. RESULTS A total of 353 targets of the 32 bioactive compounds in HDW were obtained. The network analysis showed that CA isoenzymes, p53, PIK3CA, CDK2, P27Kip1, cyclin D1, cyclin B1, cyclin A2, AKT1, BCL2, MAPK1, and VEGFA were identified as key targets of HDW in the treatment of GC. The functional enrichment analysis indicated that HDW probably produced the therapeutic effects against GC by synergistically regulating many biological pathways, such as nucleotide excision repair, apoptosis, cell cycle, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway, VEGF signaling pathway, and Ras signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS This study holistically illuminates the fact that the pharmacological mechanisms of HDW in GC might be strongly associated with its synergic modulation of apoptosis, cell cycle, differentiation, proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkui Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Jiarui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Kaihuan Wang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xiaojiao Duan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Ziqi Meng
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
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Yang Z, Zhu S, Liu S, Wang X, Han B, Zhang B, Hu X, Yao R, Sun C, Zhu C. Anticancer effect of fufang yiliu yin on human hepatocellular carcinoma SMMC-7721 cells. Am J Transl Res 2018; 10:491-500. [PMID: 29511443 PMCID: PMC5835814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicine utilizes clinically effective adjuvants that can potentiate the effects of hepatectomy and molecule-targeted drugs for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the antitumor effect of fufang yiliu yin (FYY) on HCC cells. We investigated the effects of FYY on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells in vitro and in mouse subcutaneous xenograft models in vivo. FYY significantly inhibited the proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells compared to that of normal hepatocytes; cell proliferation was blocked at the G2/M phase in accordance with reduced expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen. FYY treatment resulted in the activation of caspase-8, caspase-3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, with reduced protein levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 2, indicating an induction of cell apoptosis. In addition, we observed decreases in the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 along with an inhibition of cell migration and invasion after FYY treatment. Furthermore, FYY treatment significantly inhibited the growth of tumors in vivo. These data demonstrate the strong inhibitory effects of FYY on SMMC-7721 cells, and we propose FYY as a novel potential anticancer adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Yang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityNo.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Shigao Zhu
- Department of General Medicine, Weifang Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineNo.1055, Weizhou Road 261000, Weifang, P.R. China
| | - Shihai Liu
- Medical Animal Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityNo.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityNo.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityNo.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Bingyuan Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityNo.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Hu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityNo.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Ruyong Yao
- Department of Medical Research Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityNo.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Chuandong Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityNo.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
| | - Chengzhan Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao UniversityNo.16 Jiangsu Road, Qingdao 266003, P.R. China
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A Network Pharmacology Approach to Uncover the Multiple Mechanisms of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. on Colorectal Cancer. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:6517034. [PMID: 29619072 PMCID: PMC5829364 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6517034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Background As one of the most frequently diagnosed cancer diseases globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains an important cause of cancer-related death. Although the traditional Chinese herb Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (HDW) has been proven to be effective for treating CRC in clinical practice, its definite mechanisms have not been completely deciphered. Objective The aim of our research is to systematically explore the multiple mechanisms of HDW on CRC. Methods This study adopted the network pharmacology approach, which was mainly composed of active component gathering, target prediction, CRC gene collection, network analysis, and gene enrichment analysis. Results The network analysis showed that 10 targets might be the therapeutic targets of HDW on CRC, namely, HRAS, PIK3CA, KRAS, TP53, APC, BRAF, GSK3B, CDK2, AKT1, and RAF1. The gene enrichment analysis implied that HDW probably benefits patients with CRC by modulating pathways related to cancers, infectious diseases, endocrine system, immune system, nervous system, signal transduction, cellular community, and cell motility. Conclusions This study partially verified and predicted the pharmacological and molecular mechanism of HDW against CRC from a holistic perspective, which will also lay a foundation for the further experimental research and clinical rational application of HDW.
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Liu R, Wang P, Wu C, Chen J, Li C, Xie Y, Wang Q, Liu J, He H, Zhu J. Therapeutic effects of Hedyotis diffusa Willd in a COPD mouse model challenged with LPS and smoke. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:3385-3391. [PMID: 29545859 PMCID: PMC5840915 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.5851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW) is a constituent of several Chinese medicines used clinically to treat inflammatory diseases, including airway inflammation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether HDW serves a protective role in suppressing chronic airway inflammation and its underlying mechanisms. A mouse model of chronic smoking was induced via exposure to cigarette smoke (CS) for 30 days, increasing the exposure time for up to 5 min per day and the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Mice were gavaged with HDW (50 or 100 mg/kg body weight), dexamethasone (1 mg/kg body weight) or normal saline (NS, 0.9%) 1 h prior to CS challenge. Compared with CS and LPS (SL)-induced mice, the levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α and transforming growth factor-β in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from HDW+SL mice were significantly decreased and IL-10 was markedly reduced. Histological examination of the lung tissues revealed that HDW treatment alleviates airway inflammation. In addition, the administration of HDW to human bronchial epithelial BEAS-2B cells suppressed the activity of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling pathway. The results of the present study demonstrate that HDW has a therapeutic effect in COPD and the underlying mechanism may be attributed to inhibition of the NF-κB pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renping Liu
- Medical Experiment Education Department, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Peihong Wang
- Medical Experiment Education Department, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Caiqing Wu
- Medical Experiment Education Department, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Juan Chen
- Medical Experiment Education Department, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Chengxin Li
- Medical Experiment Education Department, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Yongtao Xie
- Medical Experiment Education Department, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Medical Experiment Education Department, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
| | - Jianming Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi 334000, P.R. China
| | - Huan He
- Department of Pharmacology, Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 344000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhu
- Medical Experiment Education Department, Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, P.R. China
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Wang C, Zhou X, Wang Y, Wei D, Deng C, Xu X, Xin P, Sun S. The Antitumor Constituents from Hedyotis Diffusa Willd. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22122101. [PMID: 29189741 PMCID: PMC6150003 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22122101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As a TCM, Hedyotis diffusa Willd. has been using to treat malignant tumors, and many studies also showed that the extracts from Hedyotis diffusa Willd. possessed evident antitumor activities. Therefore, we carried out chemical study on Hedyotis diffusa Willd. and investigated the cytotoxicity of the obtained compounds on a panel of eight tumor cell lines. As a result, four new compounds were isolated from Hedyotis diffusa Willd., including three iridoid glycosides of Shecaoiridoidside A–C (1–3) and a cerebroside of shecaocerenoside A (4). Also, six known iridoid compounds (5–10) were also obtained. The cytotoxicity of all compounds against human tumor cell lines of HL-60, HeLa, HCT15, A459, HepG2, PC-3, CNE-2, and BCG-823 were also evaluated in vitro. New compound 3 exhibited evident cytotoxicity to all tumor cell lines except the Hela, and the IC50 values are from 9.6 µM to 62.2 µM, while new compound 4 showed moderate cytotoxicity to all the cell lines, and the IC50 values are from 33.6 µM to 89.3 µM. By contrast, new compound 1 and known compound 9 showed moderate cytotoxicity to HCT15, A459, and HepG2 selectively. Known compound 7 also exhibited moderate cytotoxicity to HCT15 and A459 selectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfu Wang
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Xuegang Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Youzhi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Donghua Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Chengjie Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Xiaoyun Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Ping Xin
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
| | - Shiqin Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing 163319, China.
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32
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Wang C, Xin P, Wang Y, Zhou X, Wei D, Deng C, Sun S. Iridoids and sfingolipids from Hedyotis diffusa. Fitoterapia 2017; 124:152-159. [PMID: 29122633 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Seven new compounds were isolated from the aerial part of Hedyotis diffusa, including three iridoid glycosides, hedyoiridoidside A - C (1-3), two cerebrosides, hedyocerenoside F (4) and G (5), and two new ceramides, hedyoceramide A (6) and B (7). And six known iridoid glycosides (8-13) were also obtained. Their structures were established by their physico-chemical constants and spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxicity of all compounds against tumor cell lines of human cervical cancer HeLa, human leukemia HL-60, human lung cancer A459, human hepatoma HepG2, human gastric gland carcinoma BCG-823, human nasopharyngeal cancer CNE-2, human colon cancer HCT15, and human prostate cancer PC-3 were also evaluated in vitro. As a result, new compound 1 exhibited evident cytotoxicity to all tumor cell lines, and the IC50 values are from 9.5μM to 28.2μM, while new compound 2 exhibited evident cytotoxicity to Hela, HL-60, A459, HepG2, BGC-823, CNE-2, and HCT15, and the IC50 values are from 15.8μM to 26.2μM. Known compound 11 also exhibited evident cytotoxicity to HL-60, A459, HepG2, BGC-823, CNE-2, and HCT15, and the IC50 values are from 16.5μM to 40.4μM. New compounds 4-7 and known compounds 12 and 13 showed moderate cytotoxicity to some tumor cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changfu Wang
- College of TCM, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, No. 280 Outside Loop East Road of Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, 510006 Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ping Xin
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Youzhi Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xuegang Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Donghua Wei
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China.
| | - Chengjie Deng
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Shiqin Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, 163319 Daqing, Heilongjiang Province, China.
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Li Q, Lai Z, Yan Z, Peng J, Jin Y, Wei L, Lin J. Hedyotis diffusa Willd inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of 5‑FU resistant colorectal cancer cells by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:358-365. [PMID: 29115462 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW) is a major component frequently used in Traditional Chinese Medicine for the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) and its associated drug resistance. However, the underlying mechanism of HDW circumventing drug resistance of cancer cells remains to be elucidated. Cancer cell resistance to apoptosis and activation of the phosphatidylinositol‑3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway have been implicated as major factors in the acquired resistance to chemotherapeutic anti‑cancer drugs. The present study investigated the effect and mechanisms of action of ethanol extract of Hedyotis diffusa Willd (EEHDW) on the proliferation and apoptosis of CRC 5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU) resistant (HCT‑8/5‑FU) cells. CRC HCT‑8/5‑FU cell viability following treatment with EEHDW was determined using MTT and colony formation assay. In addition, Annexin V/propidium iodide staining with flow cytometry analysis and 4',6‑diamidino‑2‑phenylindole staining were used to determine the apoptosis of drug‑resistant cancer cells following treatment with EEHDW. The mRNA and protein expression levels of B cell leukemia/lymphoma (Bcl‑2), Bcl‑2 associated X (Bax), cyclin dependent kinase 4 (CDK4), cyclin D1 and p21 were evaluated using reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis, respectively. Furthermore, activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), PI3K, AKT and phosphorylated (p)‑AKT were determined. EEHDW significantly reduced cell viability, inhibited cell colony formation and promoted apoptosis of HCT‑8/5‑FU cells. Furthermore, EEHDW significantly downregulated the expression of Bcl‑2, cyclin D1 and CDK4 and upregulated the expression of Bax and p21. In addition, EEHDW inhibited the activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway by increasing expression of PTEN and suppressing the expression of PI3K and p‑AKT. The present study provided the first direct evidence that EEHDW may overcome drug‑resistance in human CRC cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and provides a basis for the improved therapeutic use of HDW in the clinical treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyu Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zijun Lai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhaokun Yan
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yiyi Jin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Feng J, Jin Y, Peng J, Wei L, Cai Q, Yan Z, Lai Z, Lin J. Hedyotis diffusa willd extract suppresses colorectal cancer growth through multiple cellular pathways. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:8197-8205. [PMID: 29344262 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of colorectal cancer (CRC) is strongly associated with the imbalance of various intracellular signal transduction cascades, including protein kinase B (AKT), mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), as well as crosstalk between these signaling networks. At present, anti-tumor agents are often single-targeted and therefore are not always therapeutically effective. Moreover, long-term use of these anti-tumor agents often generates drug resistance and potential side effects. These problems highlight the urgent need for the development of novel and more effective anti-cancer drugs. Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW) has been used as a major component in traditional Chinese medicine for the clinical treatment of colorectal cancer, with a limited number of adverse effects. However, the molecular mechanisms, which underlie its anti-cancer activity, still require further elucidation. In the present study, using xenograft models and various different human CRC cell lines, the efficacy of the ethanol extract of HDW (EEHDW) against tumor growth was evaluated, and its underlying molecular mechanisms of action were investigated. It was demonstrated that EEHDW was able to inhibit cancer growth in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, EEHDW was able to suppress the activation of several CRC-associated signaling pathways and was able to regulate the expression of various inflammatory and angiogenic factors. This resulted in the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cellular proliferation, as well as tumor angiogenesis. The present study demonstrated that EEHDW is able to exhibit anti-cancer activity due to its ability to affect multiple intracellular targets, which suggests that it may be a novel multi-potent therapeutic agent for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Feng
- Biomedical Research Center of Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yiyi Jin
- Biomedical Research Center of Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Biomedical Research Center of Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Biomedical Research Center of Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoyan Cai
- Biomedical Research Center of Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhaokun Yan
- Biomedical Research Center of Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zijun Lai
- Biomedical Research Center of Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Biomedical Research Center of Academy of Integrative Medicine of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China.,Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Inhibition of STAT3/VEGF/CDK2 axis signaling is critically involved in the antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects of arsenic herbal mixture PROS in non-small lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2017; 8:101771-101783. [PMID: 29254203 PMCID: PMC5731913 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the antitumor effects of asrsenic trioxide (As2O3), tetraarsenic hexoxide (As4O6 or PR) and tetraarsenic tetrasulfide (As4S4) in several cancers, their adverse poisoning, toxicity and resistance are still hot issues for effective cancer therapy. Here, antitumor mechanism of arsenic herbal mixture PROS including PR and OS (Oldenlandia diffusa and Salvia miltiorrhiza extract) was elucidated in non-small cell lung cancer cells (NSCLCs), since PR alone showed resistant cytotoxicity in NSCLCs compared to other cancers. PROS exerted significant cytotoxicity, induced sub-G1 phase and S phase arrest, increased apoptotic bodies, and attenuated the expression of pro-PARP, Bcl-2, Cyclin E, Cyclin A, CDK2, E2F1, p-Src, p-STAT3, p-ERK, p-AKT, COX-2 and SOCS-1 in A549 and H460 cells along with disrupted binding of STAT3 with CDK2 or VEGF. Notably, PROS inhibited VEGF induced proliferation, migration and tube formation in HUVECs and suppressed angiogenesis in chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay via reduced phosphorylation of VEGFR2, Src and STAT3. Consistently, PROS reduced the growth of H460 cells implanted in BALB/c athymic nude mice via inhibition of STAT3, and VEGF and activation of caspase 3. Overall, these findings suggest that PROS exerts antiangiogenic and apoptotic effects via inhibition of STAT3/ VEGF/ CDK2 axis signaling as a potent anticancer agent for lung cancer treatment.
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Lai Z, Yan Z, Chen W, Peng J, Feng J, Li Q, Jin Y, Lin J. Hedyotis diffusa Willd suppresses metastasis in 5‑fluorouracil‑resistant colorectal cancer cells by regulating the TGF‑β signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:7752-7758. [PMID: 28944846 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, and threatens the survival and health of patients with CRC. Chemotherapy remains one of the main therapeutic approaches for patients with CRC; however, drug resistance limits the long‑term use. CRC cells with multi‑drug resistance (MDR) exhibit increased survival times and metastatic potential, which may lead to the recurrence and metastasis of CRC. In addition, MDR is one of the major causes of chemotherapy failure in clinical treatment. Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW) has been used in the treatment of inflammation‑associated diseases and malignant tumors, including CRC. The authors previously demonstrated that HDW could reverse MDR in CRC cells; however, its underlying mechanism, particularly in MDR‑associated metastasis, remains to be elucidated. In the present study, the drug‑resistant CRC cell line HCT‑8/5‑fluorouracil (5‑FU) was used to investigate the effect of HDW on the growth and metastasis of cancer cells. Cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Cell adhesion potential was evaluated using adhesion experiments. Cell migration was assessed using wound healing and Transwell assays. The mRNA and protein expression levels of crucial factors in the transforming growth factor‑β (TGF‑β) signaling pathway, including TGF‑β, Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 4 (SMAD4), neural (N)‑cadherin, and epithelial (E)‑cadherin, were analyzed using the reverse transcription‑semi‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting, respectively. The results demonstrated that the HCT‑8/5‑FU cell line was more resistant to 5‑FU and thus can be used as the resistant cell model. HDW was able to inhibit the viability, and adhesive, migratory and invasion potential of the HCT‑8/5‑FU cells. In addition, HDW was able to downregulate the expression of TGF‑β, SMAD4 and N‑cadherin, and upregulate E‑cadherin, at the gene and protein level. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that HDW may suppress the metastasis of 5‑FU‑resistant CRC cells via regulation of the TGF‑β signaling pathway, which was also considered to be one of the underlying mechanisms of its anti‑CRC effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijun Lai
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Zhaokun Yan
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Wujin Chen
- Oncology Department of The Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350004, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Qiongyu Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yiyi Jin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Biomedical Research Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Lin TH, Yen HR, Chiang JH, Sun MF, Chang HH, Huang ST. The use of Chinese herbal medicine as an adjuvant therapy to reduce incidence of chronic hepatitis in colon cancer patients: A Taiwanese population-based cohort study. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 202:225-233. [PMID: 28330722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE There is a decided lack of in-depth studies to evaluate the effectiveness of Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) as an adjuvant therapy on the incidence of chronic hepatitis in patients with colon cancer. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study is to assess whether CHM treatment decreased the incidence of chronic hepatitis in colon cancer patients who received conventional Western medical treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS A Taiwanese nationwide population-based study of colon cancer patients receiving Western medicine treatment in conjunction with CHM treatment, using data provided by the National Health Insurance (NHI) Research Database, was conducted. A total of 61676 patients were diagnosed with colon cancer in Taiwan within the defined study period, from 1997 to 2010. After randomly equal matching for age, sex, excluding patients younger than 18 years of age, chronic hepatitis before colon cancer diagnosis date, receiving acupuncture and/or moxibustion and taking CHM for less than 30 days, data from 155 patients were analyzed. Hazard ratios of incidence rate of chronic hepatitis were used to determine the influence of CHM and the therapeutic potential of herbal products in treating patients with colon cancer. RESULTS CHM used for patients with colon cancer exhibited significantly decreased incidence rates of chronic hepatitis [hazard ratio (HR)=0.53; 95% confidence interval (CI):0.38-0.74], with multivariate adjustment, compared to those without CHM use. The protective effect of CHM treatment with statistical significance across the stratification of age, gender, co-morbidity and treatment modality was noted. The cumulative incidence of chronic hepatitis was also reduced in patients with colon cancer receiving CHM treatment during a five-year period. In this study, we provide the ten most used single herbs and herbal formulas that were prescribed for patients with colon cancer; moreover, we identify the eight single herbs and five formulas used in CHM treatment which significantly decreased incidence of chronic hepatitis among colon cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS This nationwide retrospective cohort study determined that therapy using CHM as an adjuvant modality may have a significant impact on liver protection in patients with colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Hui Lin
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Hung-Rong Yen
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Graduate Institute of Integrated Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Mao-Feng Sun
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Hen-Hong Chang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC
| | - Sheng-Teng Huang
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan ROC; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan ROC.
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Mao P, Zhang E, Chen Y, Liu L, Rong D, Liu Q, Li W. Pinus massoniana bark extract inhibits migration of the lung cancer A549 cell line. Oncol Lett 2016; 13:1019-1023. [PMID: 28356994 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The bark of Pinus massoniana is a traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of various health disorders. Previous studies have demonstrated that P. massoniana bark extract (PMBE) may induce the apoptosis of hepatoma and cervical cancer cells. However, whether PMBE is able to inhibit the migration of lung cancer cells requires further investigation. In the current study, the effects of PMBE on the viability of human lung cancer A549 cells were detected using an MTT assay. The migration of lung cancer cells following exposure to PMBE were quantified using wound healing and Transwell assays, respectively. The expression levels of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were determined using western blotting. The results revealed that PMBE significantly inhibited the growth of the lung cancer cells. In addition, the wound closure rate and the migration of the lung cancer cells were suppressed by PMBE. Furthermore, the expression levels of MMP-9 were reduced. These findings indicated that PMBE is able to restrict the migration and invasion of lung cancer cells, and that PMBE may serve as a novel therapeutic agent for patients with metastatic lung cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Mao
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Ershao Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Likun Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
| | - Daqing Rong
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Qingfeng Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The People's Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Weiling Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning 116044, P.R. China
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Zhang L, Zhang J, Qi B, Jiang G, Liu J, Zhang P, Ma Y, Li W. The anti-tumor effect and bioactive phytochemicals of Hedyotis diffusa willd on ovarian cancer cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 192:132-139. [PMID: 27426510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 07/06/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hedyotis diffusa willd (HDW) is a widely used medicinal herb in China. It processed various medicinal properties including antioxidative, anti-inflamatory and anti-cancer effects. This study aimed to investigate the anti-tumor effects of HDW on ovarian cancer cells and the underlying mechanisms as well as identify the bioactive compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS Effects of HDW on the viability of ovarian cancer A2780 cells were detected by MTT assay. Apoptosis was detected by cell morphologic observation through DAPI staining and flow cytometry analysis. The migration of ovarian cancer cells which exposed to HDW were detected by wound healing and transwell assays. The protein levels of caspase 3/9, Bcl-2 and MMP-2/9 in human ovarian cancer cells treated with HDW were assessed by western blotting analysis. The potential bioactive compounds were characterized by HPLC-Q-TOF-MS. RESULTS HDW significantly inhibited the growth of A2780 ovarian cancer cells and induced apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis by HDW was associated with down-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and the activation of caspase 3/9. Wound healing and transwell chamber assays indicated HDW suppressed the migration of ovarian cancer cells. HDW dramatically decreased MMP-2/9 expression. A HPLC-Q-TOF-MS analysis of HDW indicated the presence of 13 flavonoids compounds and one anthraquinone compound, which may contribute to the anticancer activity of the HDW. CONCLUSIONS HDW effectively restricted the growth of ovarian cancer cells and induced apoptosis through the mitochondria-associated apoptotic pathway. Furthermore, HDW suppressed the migration of ovarian cancer cells through down-regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 expression. These results showed that HDW hold potential therapeutic effect for ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Bing Qi
- Acute Abdomen Department of the First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian medical University, Dalian 116000, China
| | - Guoqiang Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Yuan Ma
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China
| | - Weiling Li
- Department of Biotechnology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, China.
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Chen AD, Li H, Li YC, Zeng H. Naphthazarin suppresses cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells via the B-cell lymphoma 2/B-cell associated X protein signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:5211-5216. [PMID: 28101239 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the most common gastrointestinal cancer in the USA. Naphthazarin, one of the naturally available 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives, is a natural bioactive molecule that exhibits an antitumor effect. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to investigate the anticancer effect of naphthazarin on cell proliferation and apoptosis in human SW480 colorectal cancer cells. In the present study, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays were performed to assess the effect of napthazarin on cell proliferation and cytotoxicity of SW430 cells, respectively. In addition, an Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate/propidium iodide apoptosis assay and 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining were used to analyze cell and nuclei apoptosis of SW480 cells, respectively, following treatment with naphthazarin. Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and B-cell associated X protein (Bax) protein expression was analyzed by western blot. Furthermore, caspase-3 activation was analyzed using a commercial kit. The results revealed that naphthazarin exhibited cell growth inhibition, an increase in cytotoxicity and apoptosis induction in SW480 cells, which was associated with activation of the Bax/Bcl-2 signaling pathway and cleaved caspase-3 activation. However, no significant differences in PARP expression were identified following treatment with naphthazarin in SW480 cells. Taken together, these results suggest that naphthazarin decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis of SW480 cells, indicating that naphthazarin may present a potential therapeutic agent for human colorectal cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Dong Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Yong-Chun Li
- Department of Second General Surgery, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Hai Zeng
- Department of Second General Surgery, Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical University, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
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Ding F, Liu T, Yu N, Li S, Zhang X, Zheng G, Lv C, Mou K, Xu J, Li B, Wang S, Song H. Nitidine chloride inhibits proliferation, induces apoptosis via the Akt pathway and exhibits a synergistic effect with doxorubicin in ovarian cancer cells. Mol Med Rep 2016; 14:2853-9. [PMID: 27485415 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitidine chloride (NC) exhibits anti-tumor properties in various types of tumor. However, to the best of our knowledge there is no previous evidence of NC involvement in the apoptosis or proliferation of ovarian cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of NC on the viability and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells and the synergistic effect NC and doxorubicin (DOX) may have on ovarian cancer cells. The viability and proliferation of ovarian cancer cells were examined using a methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay and 3H-thymidine incorporation assay. The apoptotic rate of ovarian cancer cells was detected by flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis‑associated proteins and Akt serine/threonine kinase 1 (Akt) were determined by western blot analysis following NC treatment. The inhibitory effect of NC on the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells was demonstrated in a time and dose‑dependent manner. The pro-apoptotic effect of NC on ovarian cancer cells was also observed. It was determined that NC significantly downregulated the protein expression levels of B‑cell CLL/lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and upregulated the expression of Bcl‑2‑associated X protein, p53, caspase‑3 and ‑9. NC suppressed Akt phosphorylation. Additionally, the present study demonstrated that the effect of NC on the proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells was Akt‑dependent by using the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway inhibitor, LY294002. NC exhibited a synergistic inhibitory effect on the viability of ovarian cancer cells when combined with DOX. The current study demonstrated that NC inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells via the Akt signaling pathway and highlighted its potential clinical application for the treatment of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Ding
- Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Tianfeng Liu
- Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Nina Yu
- Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Shihong Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Guanghong Zheng
- Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Chunming Lv
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
| | - Kai Mou
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
| | - Jia Xu
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
| | - Bo Li
- Department of Cardiology, Central Hospital of Zibo, Zibo, Shandong 255036, P.R. China
| | - Surong Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obsterics, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong 276000, P.R. China
| | - Haibo Song
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Zibo Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Zibo, Shandong 255000, P.R. China
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Chen R, He J, Tong X, Tang L, Liu M. The Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (Rubiaceae): A Review on Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Quality Control and Pharmacokinetics. Molecules 2016; 21:E710. [PMID: 27248992 PMCID: PMC6273454 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21060710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Hedyotis diffusa Willd (H. diffusa) is a well-known Chinese medicine with a variety of activities, especially its anti-cancer effect in the clinic. Up to now, 171 compounds have been reported from H. diffusa, including 32 iridoids, 26 flavonoids, 24 anthraquinones, 26 phenolics and their derivatives, 50 volatile oils and 13 miscellaneous compounds. In vitro and in vivo studies show these phytochemicals and plant extracts to exhibit a range of pharmacological activities of anti-cancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibroblast, immunomodulatory and neuroprotective effects. Although a series of methods have been established for the quality control of H. diffusa, a feasible and reliable approach is still needed in consideration of its botanical origin, collecting time and bioactive effects. Meanwhile, more pharmacokinetics researches are needed to illustrate the characteristics of H. diffusa in vivo. The present review aims to provide up-to-date and comprehensive information on the phytochemistry, pharmacology, quality control and pharmacokinetic characteristics of H. diffusa for its clinical use and further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jingyu He
- Bioengineering Research Centre, Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 511458, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xueli Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Lan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Menghua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Guangdong Provincial Institute of Nephrology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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Li L, Lin J, Sun G, Wei L, Shen A, Zhang M, Peng J. Oleanolic acid inhibits colorectal cancer angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro via suppression of STAT3 and Hedgehog pathways. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:5276-82. [PMID: 27108756 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.5171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an essential process of cancer progression and is regulated by multiple intracellular signaling pathways, including signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and sonic hedgehog (SHH). Thus, these pathways have become a promising target for anti‑cancer therapeutic strategies. Oleanolic acid (OA) is an active compound present in various herbal medicines, which have been used historically for the clinical treatment of various types of human malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The present study used a CRC mouse xenograft model and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to evaluate the effect of OA on tumor angiogenesis and on the activation of the STAT3 and SHH signaling pathways. It was determined that OA treatment significantly inhibited tumor growth and reduced intratumoral microvessel density (MVD) in CRC mice. In addition, OA treatment inhibited the proliferation, migration and tube formation in HUVECs, in a dose and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, OA markedly suppressed the activation of the STAT3 and SHH signaling pathways and inhibited the expression of the pro‑angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor A and basic fibroblast growth factor, two important target genes of the aforementioned signaling pathways. Therefore it is suggested that inhibition of tumor angiogenesis via the suppression of multiple signaling pathways may be one of the underlying mechanisms by which OA exerts its anti-cancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Disease Prevention and Healthcare, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Guodong Sun
- Hangzhou Naval Sanatorium of Nanjing Military Area Command, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Mingyue Zhang
- Hangzhou Naval Sanatorium of Nanjing Military Area Command, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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Sun G, Wei L, Feng J, Lin J, Peng J. Inhibitory effects of Hedyotis diffusa Willd. on colorectal cancer stem cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:3875-3881. [PMID: 27313710 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are proposed to be closely correlated with the development and progression of tumors, as well as with chemo- and radioresistance. Targeting CSCs may therefore be a promising potential strategy for the treatment of cancer. Currently, natural products have received great interest due to their therapeutic efficacy and reduced adverse effects compared with modern chemotherapeutics. As a significant component of a number of traditional Chinese medicine formulas, the medicinal herb Hedyotis diffusa Willd. (HDW) has long been utilized in China to clinically treat a variety of malignancies, including colorectal cancer (CRC). Previously, the authors of the present study reported that HDW suppressed CRC growth through multiple mechanisms, including promoting apoptosis, and inhibiting cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis. To additionally investigate its mode of action, the present study isolated a stem-like side population (SP) from colorectal cancer HT-29 cells to investigate the effect of ethanol extract of HDW on CSCs. It was observed that HDW was able to markedly downregulate the expression of CSC marker leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein coupled receptor 5 and also significantly decrease the proportion of SP in HT-29 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, HDW treatment significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the viability and sphere formation, and induced cell morphological changes of isolated HT-29 SP cells. In addition, HDW greatly suppressed the messenger RNA expression of several critical genes that mediate CSC features, including ATP-binding cassette, sub-family B, member 1, β-catenin, c-Myc, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and survivin. In conclusion, the present study indicates that HDW may exert inhibitory effects on cancer stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Sun
- Hangzhou Naval Sanatorium of Nanjing Military Area Command, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310002, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianyu Feng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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45
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Zhai H, Hu S, Liu T, Wang F, Wang X, Wu G, Zhang Y, Sui M, Liu H, Jiang L. Nitidine chloride inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells by suppressing the ERK signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2016; 13:2536-42. [PMID: 26847477 PMCID: PMC4768981 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2016.4827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitidine chloride (NC) is a natural bioactive phytochemical alkaloid that has displayed anticancer activity in various types of cancer. However, no evidence has been reported for the direct effect of NC on CRC cell proliferation and apoptosis, and the underling mechanisms to be fully elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the influence of NC on the apoptosis and proliferation of CRC cells. The viability and proliferation of CRC cells was measured by MTT assay and a [3H] thymidine uptake assay. Apoptosis was measured using a flow cytometric apoptosis assay and TUNEL staining. The expression levels of apoptotic-regulated proteins in addition to extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) were measured by western blot analysis following stimulation with NC. The results indicated that NC inhibited the proliferation of HCT116 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Additionally, apoptotic induction by NC treatment was confirmed. Furthermore, NC was demonstrated to significantly upregulate the expression of Bax, p53, cleaved caspase-3 and -9 and downregulate the expression of Bcl-2. Treatment with NC reduced the phosphorylation of ERK and by using an ERK inhibitor, U0126, the roles of NC in apoptotic induction and the inhibition of proliferation were further demonstrated. These results demonstrated that NC inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of CRC cells via the ERK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyuan Zhai
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Sanyuan Hu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Tongxiang Liu
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, Shandong 261041, P.R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Department of Breast Disease, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Xixun Wang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Guochang Wu
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Minghua Sui
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
| | - Huantao Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Jiang
- Department of Abdominal Surgery, Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai, Shandong 264000, P.R. China
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Chen Y, Lin Y, Li Y, Li C. Total flavonoids of Hedyotis diffusa Willd inhibit inflammatory responses in LPS-activated macrophages via suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. Exp Ther Med 2015; 11:1116-1122. [PMID: 26998046 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways play a central role in inflammatory responses. Total flavonoids of Hedyotis diffusa Willd (TFHDW) are active compounds derived from Hedyotis diffusa Willd, which has been long used in Chinese traditional medicine for the treatment of various inflammatory diseases, including ulcerative colitis and bronchitis; however, the precise mechanisms underlying the effects of TFHDW are largely unknown. In the present study, the anti-inflammatory effect of TFHDW was evaluated and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated in an in vitro inflammatory model comprising lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The results indicated that TFHDW inhibited the inflammatory response as it significantly reduced the LPS-induced expression of pro-inflammatory nitric oxide, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in a concentration-dependent manner, without causing cytotoxicity. In addition, the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β was suppressed by treatment with TFHDW in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, TFHDW treatment significantly inhibited the LPS-induced activation of NF-κB via the suppression of inhibitor of κB (IκB) phosphorylation, and reduced the phosphorylation of MAPK signaling molecules (p38, c-Jun N-terminal protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2), which resulted in the inhibition of cytokine expression. These findings suggest that TFHDW exerted anti-inflammatory activity via suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Chen
- Research Base of TCM Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Sanming, Fujian 365000, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Lin
- Department of Nephrology, Sanming Integrative Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Sanming, Fujian 365000, P.R. China
| | - Yachan Li
- Research Base of TCM Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
| | - Candong Li
- Research Base of TCM Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, P.R. China
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Qi F, Zhao L, Zhou A, Zhang B, Li A, Wang Z, Han J. The advantages of using traditional Chinese medicine as an adjunctive therapy in the whole course of cancer treatment instead of only terminal stage of cancer. Biosci Trends 2015; 9:16-34. [PMID: 25787906 DOI: 10.5582/bst.2015.01019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) can play an important role in the whole course of cancer treatment such as recovery stages of post-operative, radiotherapy or chemotherapy stages instead of only terminal stage of cancer. In this review, we have summarized current evidence for using TCM as adjuvant cancer treatment in different stages of cancer lesions. Some TCMs (e.g., TJ-41, Liu-jun-zi-tang, PHY906, Coumarin, and Aescine) are capable of improving the post-operative symptoms such as fatigue, pain, appetite, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and lymphedema. Some TCMs (e.g., Ginseng, Huang-Qi, BanZhiLian, TJ-48, Huachansu injection, Shenqi fuzheng injection, and Kanglaite injection) in combination with chemo- or radio-therapy are capable of enhancing the efficacy of and diminishing the side effects and complications caused by chemo- and radiotherapy. Taken together, they have great advantages in terms of suppressing tumor progression, relieving surgery complications, increasing the sensitivity of chemo- and radio- therapeutics, improving an organism's immune system function, and lessening the damage caused by surgery, chemo- or radio-therapeutics. They have significant effects on relieving breast cancer-related lymphedema, reducing cancer-related fatigue and pain, improving radiation pneumonitis and gastrointestinal side effects, protecting liver function, and even ameliorating bone marrow suppression. This review of those medicines should contribute to an understanding of Chinese herbal medicines as an adjunctive therapy in the whole course of cancer treatment instead of only terminal stage of cancer, by providing useful information for development of more effective anti-cancer drugs and making more patients "survival with cancer" for a long time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanghua Qi
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University
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48
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Li B, Gan R, Yang Q, Huang J, Chen P, Wan L, Guo C. Chinese Herbal Medicines as an Adjunctive Therapy for Unresectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:350730. [PMID: 26681966 PMCID: PMC4670883 DOI: 10.1155/2015/350730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2015] [Revised: 10/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a common malignancy with a high mortality. Most patients present clinically with advanced pancreatic cancer. Moreover, the effect of radiotherapy or chemotherapy is limited. Complementary and alternative medicines represent exciting adjunctive therapies. In this study, we ascertained the beneficial and adverse effects of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) in combination with conventional therapy for inoperable pancreatic cancer by using meta-analysis methods for controlled clinical trials. We extracted data for studies searched from six electronic databases that were searched and also assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. We evaluated the following outcome measures: 6-month and 1-year survival rate, objective response rate, disease control rate, quality of life, and adverse effects. The final analysis showed CHM is a promising strategy as an adjunctive therapy to treat advanced or inoperable pancreatic cancer and that CHM in combination with conventional therapy is a promising strategy for resistant disease. However, convincing evidence must be obtained and confirmed by high-quality trials in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Benxi Central Hospital of China Medical University, Benxi, Liaoning 11700, China
- Postgraduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Run Gan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- Postgraduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Quanjun Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Jinlu Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Pengguo Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lili Wan
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
- Postgraduate School, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
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Li L, Wei L, Shen A, Chu J, Lin J, Peng J. Oleanolic acid modulates multiple intracellular targets to inhibit colorectal cancer growth. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:2247-54. [PMID: 26459864 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to drug resistance and unacceptable cytotoxicity of most currently-used cancer chemotherapies, naturally occurring products have gained attention in the field of anticancer treatment. Oleanolic acid (OA) is a natural pentacyclic triterpenoic acid and a principal active compound in many medicinal herbs that have long been used to clinically treat various types of human malignancies. Using a colorectal cancer (CRC) mouse xenograft model and the cell line HT-29, we evaluated the effect of OA on tumor growth in vivo and in vitro, and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms in the present study. We found that OA significantly inhibited tumor growth in volume and weight in CRC xenograft mice. In addition, OA treatment led to the induction of apoptosis and inhibition of cell proliferation. OA significantly reduced the expression of Bcl-2, Cyclin D1 and CKD4, whereas Bax and p21 expression was profoundly increased after OA treatment. Furthermore, OA significantly suppressed the activation of Akt, p70S6K and MAPK signalings, but promoted p53 pathway activation. Collectively, findings from this study suggest that OA possesses a broad range of anticancer effects via modulation of multiple intracellular targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of Disease Prevention and Healthcare, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian 350001, P.R. China
| | - Lihui Wei
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jianfeng Chu
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Minhou Shangjie, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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50
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Li Q, Wang X, Shen A, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Sferra TJ, Lin J, Peng J. Hedyotis diffusa Willd overcomes 5-fluorouracil resistance in human colorectal cancer HCT-8/5-FU cells by downregulating the expression of P-glycoprotein and ATP-binding casette subfamily G member 2. Exp Ther Med 2015; 10:1845-1850. [PMID: 26640560 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2015.2762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that Hedyotis diffusa Willd (HDW), a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, exhibits potent anticancer activity in models of colorectal cancer (CRC). Aggressive forms of CRC exhibit resistance to widely used chemotherapeutic drugs, including the antimetabolite, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU); however, less is known with regard to the activity of HDW against 5-FU-resistant cancer. In the present study, the mechanism of action and the potency of ethanol extracts of HDW (EEHDW) were investigated on a multidrug-resistant CRC HCT-8/5-FU cell line. Using an MTT cell proliferation assay, EEHDW treatment was shown to significantly reduce the cell viability of HCT-8/5-FU cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, EEHDW significantly increased the retention of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter substrate, rhodamine-123, as compared with the untreated controls. To further investigate the molecular mechanisms targeted by EEHDW in the resistant cells, the expression levels of the ABC drug transporter protein, P-glycoprotein (P-gp), and ABC subfamily G member 2 (ABCG2), were analyzed using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. The mRNA and protein expression levels of P-gp and ABCG2 were reduced in the HCT-8/5-FU cells following EEHDW treatment, indicating that EEHDW inhibits ABCG2-mediated drug resistance by downregulating the expression of ABCG2 and P-gp. Therefore, the potential application of EEHDW as a chemotherapeutic adjuvant represents a promising alternative approach to the treatment of drug-resistant CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiongyu Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Xiangfeng Wang
- People's Hospital, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Aling Shen
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Yuchen Zhang
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Youqin Chen
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Thomas J Sferra
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jiumao Lin
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
| | - Jun Peng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China ; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, P.R. China
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