1
|
Wang Q, Ding L, Wang R, Liang Z. A Review on the Morphology, Cultivation, Identification, Phytochemistry, and Pharmacology of Kitagawia praeruptora (Dunn) Pimenov. Molecules 2023; 28:8153. [PMID: 38138641 PMCID: PMC10745425 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Kitagawia praeruptora (Dunn) Pimenov, commonly known as Qianhu in China, is a widely used folk Chinese herbal medicine. This article reviews its botanical traits, ethnopharmacology, cultivation techniques, identification, phytochemical compositions, and pharmacological effects. Over 70 coumarin compounds, including simple coumarins, pyranocoumarins, and furanocoumarins, have been isolated within this plant. Additionally, K. praeruptora contains other components such as flavonoids, fatty acids, benzoic acids, and sterols. This information highlights the importance of utilizing active ingredients and excavating pharmacological effects. With its remarkable versatility, K. praeruptora exhibits a wide range of pharmacological effects. It has been found to possess expectorant and bronchodilator properties, cardiovascular protection, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities, anti-tumor effects, and even antidiabetic properties. It is recommended to focus on the development of new drugs that leverage the active ingredients of K. praeruptora and explore its potential for new clinical applications and holistic utilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ruihong Wang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.W.); (L.D.)
| | - Zongsuo Liang
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.W.); (L.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhao M, Hou J, Zheng S, Ma X, Fu X, Hu S, Zhao K, Xu W. Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn polysaccharides regulate macrophage inflammatory response through TLR2/TLR4-mediated MAPK and NF-κB pathways. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 152:113258. [PMID: 35709651 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying macrophage inflammatory response to polysaccharides from Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn (PPDs) and elucidate the receptors and signaling pathways associated with PPDs-mediated macrophage activation. MTT and Griess method were performed to investigate the effects of PPDs on cell viability and NO production. Neutral red and FITC-dextran were used to determine the pinocytic and phagocytic activity. RT-qPCR and ELISA were employed to analyze the mRNA expression of inflammatory factors and production of cytokines and chemokines. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis were conducted to determine the underlying molecules, regulators and pathways, which were further validated by pathway inhibition and neutralization assays. The results indicated that PPDs significantly enhanced pinocytic and phagocytic activity, promoted the expression and secretion of inflammatory factors and chemokines, and boosted the expression of accessory and costimulatory molecules. RNA-Seq analysis identified 1343 DEGs, 405 GO terms and 91 KEGG pathways. IL6 and TNF were identified as hubs of connectivity in PPDs-mediated macrophage activation. "Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction", "TNF signaling pathway", "NF-kappa B signaling pathway", "JAK-STAT signaling pathway" and "MAPK signaling pathway" were the most significant pathways. The pathway inhibition assay revealed that MAPK and NF-κB pathways were essential to macrophage activation by PPDs. TLR2 and TLR4 were uncovered to be the functional receptors and involved in recognition of PPDs. These results indicated that PPDs modulated macrophage inflammatory response mainly through TLR2/TLR4-dependent MAPK and NF-κB pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Jing Hou
- Instrumental Analysis Center of Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Sichun Zheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xiaodan Ma
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Xinyu Fu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Songhua Hu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Kai Zhao
- Institute of Nanobiomaterials and Immunology, School of Life Science, Taizhou University, Taizhou 318000, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, MOA Key Laboratory of Animal Virology, Center for Veterinary Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Efficiently Capturing Mitochondria-Targeted Constituents with Hepatoprotective Activity from Medicinal Herbs. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:4353791. [PMID: 31093314 PMCID: PMC6481013 DOI: 10.1155/2019/4353791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Targeting mitochondria as a hepatic-protective strategy has gained attention, because of their important roles in energy production, adjustment of apoptosis, and generation of reactive oxygen species. To promote the discovery of natural mitochondria-targeted hepatic-protectants, we established a hepatocellular mitochondria-based capturing method by coupling affinity ultrafiltration with liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS), which is suitable for identifying mitochondrial ligands from medicinal herbs (MHs). After evaluating the feasibility of the method, it was applied for capturing mitochondria-targeting constituents from Peucedani Radix extract. A total of 10 active compounds were identified by LC/MS, all of which were newly identified mitochondrial ligands. The mitochondria-remedying activity of 4 of the 10 hits was confirmed by pharmacological tests in vitro. Additionally, the hepatic-protective abilities of 4 hits were verified in both carbon tetrachloride-damaged liver L02 cells and mice. These results indicated that the method could be used for identifying hepatic mitochondria-targeting constituents in MHs, which might be beneficial for hepatic-protective development.
Collapse
|
4
|
Pharmacokinetic and Metabolic Characteristics of Herb-Derived Khellactone Derivatives, A Class of Anti-HIV and Anti-Hypertensive: A Review. Molecules 2016; 21:314. [PMID: 27005602 PMCID: PMC6273974 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21030314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2016] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A vast number of structural modifications have been performed for khellactone derivatives (KDs) that have been widely concerned owing to their diverse biological properties, including anti-hypertension, anti-HIV, reversing P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated multidrug resistance, and anti-inflammation effects, to find the most active entity. However, extensive metabolism of KDs results in poor oral bioavailability, thus hindering the clinical trial performance of those components. The primary metabolic pathways have been revealed as hydrolysis, oxidation, acyl migration, and glucuronidation, while carboxylesterases and cytochrome P450 3A (CPY3A), as well as UDP-glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) primarily mediate these metabolic pathways. Attention was mainly paid to the pharmacological features, therapeutic mechanisms and structure-activity relationships of KDs in previous reviews, whereas their pharmacokinetic and metabolic characteristics have seldom been discussed. In the present review, KDs' metabolism and their pharmacokinetic properties are summarized. In addition, the structure-metabolism relationships of KDs and the potential drug-drug interactions (DDIs) induced by KDs were also extensively discussed. The polarity, the acyl groups substituted at C-3' and C-4' positions, the configuration of C-3' and C-4', and the moieties substituted at C-3 and C-4 positions play the determinant roles for the metabolic profiles of KDs. Contributions from CYP3A4, UGT1A1, P-gp, and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 have been disclosed to be primary for the potential DDIs. The review is expected to provide meaningful information and helpful guidelines for the further development of KDs.
Collapse
|
5
|
Sarkhail P. Traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of the genus Peucedanum: a review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 156:235-70. [PMID: 25193684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/25/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Peucedanum (Apiaceae) comprising more than 120 species is widely distributed in Europe, Asia and Africa. The ethnopharmacologial history of this genus indicated that some extracts of aerial and underground parts of several Peucedanum species have been used in folk medicine for treatment of various conditions, such as cough, cramps, pain, rheumatism, asthma and angina. This review focuses on ethnopharmacological uses of Peucedanum species, as well as the phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological studies on this genus. Through this review, I intend to highlight the known and potential effects of the Peucedanum species or their isolated compounds and show which traditional medicine uses have been supported by pharmacological investigations. METHODS Information on the Peucedanum species was collected from scientific journals, books, thesis and reports via a library and electronic search (using Google Scholar, Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and ScienceDirect). This review covers the available literature from 1970 to the end of September 2013. RESULTS Although, there are about 120 species in this genus, so far many species have received no or little attention and most of pharmacological studies were performed on just about 20 species. Many phytochemical investigations on this genus confirmed that Peucedanum species are rich in essential oils and coumarins. The present review article shows that Peucedanum species have a wide spectrum of pharmacological activities and the most reported activities of Peucedanum plants come back to the presence of coumarins, flavonoids, phenolics and essential oils. CONCLUSIONS The present review confirms that some Peucedanum species have emerged as a good source of the traditional medicine for treatment of inflammation, microbial infections, cardiopulmonary diseases and provides new insights for further investigations on isolated compounds, especially on praeruptorins, to find novel therapeutics and aid drug discovery. However, for using Peucedanum species to prevent and treat various diseases, additional pharmacological studies to find the mechanism of action, safety and efficacy of them before starting clinical trials are required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Sarkhail
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 16th Azar Street, PO Box 14155-6451, Tehran 14176, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Biological activities and pharmacokinetics of praeruptorins from Peucedanum species: a systematic review. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:343808. [PMID: 24371820 PMCID: PMC3858972 DOI: 10.1155/2013/343808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Praeruptorins belonging to the angular-type pyranocoumarins are bioactive constituents that have been isolated from some Peucedanum species such as P. praeruptorum, which is used in traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of cold, cough, upper respiratory infections, and so forth. Many reports have demonstrated that the beneficial pharmacological effects of P. praeruptorum root on cardiovascular, pulmonary, immune, and nervous system diseases were attributed to the presence of praeruptorins. The aim of this review is to explain the recent efforts of scientists in pharmacological screening of natural and synthetic praeruptorin derivatives, studying the mechanisms of some praeruptorins action, pharmacokinetics, toxicity, and relevant structure-activity relationships. Based on reported data about the pharmacological properties of praeruptorins and semisynthetic derivatives of them, it is hopeful that in the near future more studies focus on the discovery of the new application and therapeutic uses of these bioactive compounds and understanding the specific mechanisms of them. The present discusses the reports on molecular and biological activities of praeruptorins of the genus Peucedanum, from 1976 onwards.
Collapse
|
7
|
Metabolic characterization of (±)-praeruptorin A in vitro and in vivo by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry and time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 90:98-110. [PMID: 24342524 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
(±)-Praeruptorin A (PA) is the major bioactive component in Peucedani Radix (Chinese name: Qian-hu), and exhibits dramatically anti-hypertensive effect typically through acting as a calcium channel blocker. The current study aims on the characterization of the metabolic profiles of PA in vitro and in vivo using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with hybrid triple quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry (Q-trap-MS) and time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS). A total of 12 phase I metabolites (M1-12) in rat liver microsomes (RLMs), 9 phase I metabolites (M1-3, M5-6 and M9-12) in human liver microsomes (HLMs), 2 hydrolyzed products in rat plasma (M11 and M12), none metabolite in human plasma, none metabolite in rat intestinal bacteria, 7 metabolites (M1, M4-7, M13 and M15) in PA-treated rat urine and 6 metabolites (M1, M4-7 and M15) in PA-treated feces were detected and tentatively identified using predictive multiple reaction monitoring-information dependent acquisition-enhanced product ion (predictive MRM-IDA-EPI) mode in combination with enhanced mass spectrum-information dependent acquisition-enhanced product ion (EMS-IDA-EPI) mode in the mass spectrometer domain, respectively, while TOF-MS was adopted to confirm the identification. Further, 2 glucuronidated metabolites (M13-14) in RLMs and none metabolite in HLMs of cis-khellactone (CKL), which was the main actual form of PA in vivo, were generated, while its sulfated product was not observed in either rat liver S9 fractions (RS9) or human liver S9 fractions (HS9). Oxidation, hydrolysis, intra-molecular acyl migration and glucuronidation were demonstrated to be the predominant metabolic types for PA in vitro and in vivo. Judging from the decrement of peak areas, PA was metabolized quickly in both RLMs and HLMs, indicating extensively hepatic first-pass elimination. Taken together, the metabolic fates of (±)-praeruptorin A in vitro and in vivo were elucidated in current study, and Q-trap-MS coupled with LightSight™ software can be adopted as a useful tool for quick detection and identification of metabolites in complex biological matrices.
Collapse
|
8
|
Huang L, Huang M, Li YH, Li RM, Zeng Y, Kuang SY, Zhang L, Wang YT, Bi HC. Up-regulatation of CYP3A expression through pregnent X receptor by praeruptorin D isolated from Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 148:596-602. [PMID: 23702042 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qianhu, the dried roots of Peucedanum praeruptorum DUNN (Umbelliferae), is a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal herb which was officially listed in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Praeruptorin D (PD) is one of the major active constituents of Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn (Qianhu). The Pregnane X receptor (PXR) is an orphan nuclear receptor and plays a pivotal role in the activation of human cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) gene. AIM OF THE STUDY The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of PD on the PXR-mediated transactivation of CYP3A4, and thus to predict potential herb-drug interactions between PD, Qianhu, and the other co-administered drugs that metabolized by CYP3A4. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of PD on the Cyp3a11, mPXR mRNA expression in mice primary hepatocytes was measured using real-time PCR. The gene expression, protein expression, and catalytic activity of CYP3A4 in the LS174T cells after transfected with PXR expression plasmids were determined by real-time PCR, Western blot analysis, and LC-MS/MS based CYP3A4 substrate assay. RESULTS The results revealed that the level of Cyp3a11 gene expression in mice primary hepatocytes was significantly increased by PD, but PD cannot induce the mPXR gene expression. On the other hand, CYP3A4 mRNA, protein expression and functional activity in PXR-over-expression LS174T cells were significantly increased by PD through PXR-mediated pathway; conversely, no significant change was found in the untransfected cells. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that PD can significantly up-regulate CYP3A4 expression and activity via the PXR-mediated pathway and this should be taken into consideration to predict any potential herb-drug interactions when PD and Peucedanum praeruptorum Dunn are co-administered with other drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 132# Waihuan Dong Road, University City, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|