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Peng H, Zhang J, Huang X, Xu M, Huang J, Wu Y, Peng XE. Development and validation of an online dynamic nomogram based on the atherogenic index of plasma to screen nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:44. [PMID: 36991386 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a common liver disease worldwide, can be reversed early in life with lifestyle and medical interventions. This study aimed to develop a noninvasive tool to screen NAFLD accurately. METHODS Risk factors for NAFLD were identified using multivariate logistic regression analysis, and an online NAFLD screening nomogram was developed. The nomogram was compared with reported models (fatty liver index (FLI), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), and hepatic steatosis index (HSI)). Nomogram performance was evaluated through internal and external validation (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database). RESULTS The nomogram was developed based on six variables. The diagnostic performance of the present nomogram for NAFLD (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC): 0.863, 0.864, and 0.833, respectively) was superior to that of the HSI (AUROC: 0.835, 0.833, and 0.810, respectively) and AIP (AUROC: 0.782, 0.773, and 0.728, respectively) in the training, validation, and NHANES sets. Decision curve analysis and clinical impact curve analysis presented good clinical utility. CONCLUSION This study establishes a new online dynamic nomogram with excellent diagnostic and clinical performance. It has the potential to be a noninvasive and convenient method for screening individuals at high risk for NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hewei Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xuefu North Road 1St, Shangjie Town, Minhou Country, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Junchao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xuefu North Road 1St, Shangjie Town, Minhou Country, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Xianhua Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xuefu North Road 1St, Shangjie Town, Minhou Country, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Miao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xuefu North Road 1St, Shangjie Town, Minhou Country, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China
| | - Jingru Huang
- Grade 2022, Clinical Medicine Major, Integrated Chinese and Western medicine school, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 350108, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yunli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xian-E Peng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Xuefu North Road 1St, Shangjie Town, Minhou Country, Fuzhou, 350108, Fujian, China.
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Gastrointestinal Cancer, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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Han Y, Hu H, Liu Y, Wang Z, Liu D. Nomogram model and risk score to predict 5-year risk of progression from prediabetes to diabetes in Chinese adults: Development and validation of a novel model. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25:675-687. [PMID: 36321466 PMCID: PMC10107751 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AIM To develop a personalized nomogram and risk score to predict the 5-year risk of diabetes among Chinese adults with prediabetes. METHODS There were 26 018 participants with prediabetes at baseline in this retrospective cohort study. We randomly stratified participants into two cohorts for training (n = 12 947) and validation (n = 13 071). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model was applied to select the most significant variables among candidate variables. And we further established a stepwise Cox proportional hazards model to screen out the risk factors based on the predictors chosen by the LASSO model. We presented the model with a nomogram. The model's discrimination, clinical use and calibration were assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, decision curve and calibration analysis. The associated risk factors were also categorized according to clinical cut-points or tertials to create the diabetes risk score model. Based on the total score, we divided it into four risk categories: low, middle, high and extremely high. We also evaluated our diabetes risk score model's performance. RESULTS We developed a simple nomogram and risk score that predicts the risk of prediabetes by using the variables age, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose, body mass index, alanine aminotransferase, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and family history of diabetes. The area under the ROC curve of the nomogram was 0.8146 (95% CI 0.8035-0.8258) and 0.8147 (95% CI 0.8035-0.8259) for the training and validation cohort, respectively. The calibration curve showed a perfect fit between predicted and observed diabetes risks at 5 years. Decision curve analysis presented the clinical use of the nomogram, and there was a wide range of alternative threshold probability spectrums. A total risk score of 0 to 2.5, 3 to 4.5, 5 to 7.5 and 8 to 13.5 is associated with low, middle, high and extremely high diabetes risk status, respectively. CONCLUSIONS We developed and validated a personalized prediction nomogram and risk score for 5-year diabetes risk among Chinese adults with prediabetes, identifying individuals at a high risk of developing diabetes. Doctors and other healthcare professionals can easily and quickly use our diabetes score model to assess the diabetes risk status in patients with prediabetes. In addition, the nomogram model and risk score we developed need to be validated in a prospective cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Han
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haofei Hu
- Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yufei Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhibin Wang
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dehong Liu
- Department of Emergency, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Sun Y, Hong L, Huang Z, Wang L, Xiong Y, Zong S, Zhang R, Liu J, Zang S. Fibrosis Risk in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is Related to Chronic Kidney Disease in Older Type 2 Diabetes Patients. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:e3661-e3669. [PMID: 35766414 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgac382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a multisystem disease, associated with fibrosis and an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD). OBJECTIVE This work aimed to investigate the association of NAFLD fibrosis with the development of CKD in aged patients with T2DM. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 13 915 participants. A further 1734 individuals who had been followed annually for 5 years comprised the retrospective cohort study. Noninvasive markers, NAFLD fibrosis score (NFS), and fibrosis index based on 4 factors (FIB-4) were applied to determine NAFLD fibrosis risk. RESULTS In the cross-sectional study, there was an additive interaction for NAFLD with increased risk of fibrosis and T2DM on CKD incidence. Logistic regression demonstrated that as NAFLD fibrosis risk progressed from low to intermediate and high, there was a stepwise increase in CKD in patients with NAFLD, T2DM, and those with coexistent NAFLD and T2DM when stratified by diabetes and fibrosis stage. FIB-4 had a much higher odds ratio (OR) value than NFS for prediction of CKD incidence. In the cohort study, individuals were grouped according to FIB-4 and NFS. Cox regression analysis showed that FIB-4 intermediate risk (hazard ratio [HR] 1.268; 95% CI, 1.056-1.521) and high risk (HR 2.516; 95% CI, 1.970-3.214) were significant predictors of CKD progression. When NFS was applied, only high risk was a significant predictor. CONCLUSION NAFLD with an increased risk of fibrosis and presence of T2DM had an additive interaction on CKD incidence. Increased risk of NAFLD fibrosis was closely associated with CKD incidence and progression in aged T2DM patients. FIB-4 outperformed NFS as a noninvasive means to predict CKD development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Liang Hong
- Department of General Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zhe Huang
- Department of Genetics and Developmental Science, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Lihong Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yanqin Xiong
- Gumei Community Health Service Center, Minhang district, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Shuhang Zong
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shufei Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Yamane R, Yoshioka K, Hayashi K, Shimizu Y, Ito Y, Matsushita K, Yoshizaki M, Kajikawa G, Mizutani T, Watarai A, Tachi K, Goto H. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and its association with age in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Hepatol 2022; 14:1226-1234. [PMID: 35978658 PMCID: PMC9258257 DOI: 10.4254/wjh.v14.i6.1226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a risk factor for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
AIM To determine the prevalence and clinical correlates of NAFLD in a large cohort of patients with T2DM.
METHODS Four hundred thirty-seven participants with T2DM who consulted at Meijo Hospital from April 2019 to September 2020 and underwent computed tomography (CT) were assessed. The mean age was 74 ± 13 years, and 269 were men. Hepatic attenuation minus splenic attenuation (CTL−S) less than 1 Hounsfield unit was considered fatty liver. NAFLD was defined as fatty liver in the absence of significant alcohol consumption and hepatitis virus infection. A multiple logistic regression was used to assess the independent factors associated with NAFLD.
RESULTS NAFLD was identified in 25.2% of the participants. Young age (odds ratio [OR] = −0.945; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.922–0.969), higher hemoglobin levels (OR = 1.501, 95%CI: 1.278–1.764), lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (OR = 0.971, 95%CI: 0.953–0.989), and the absence of dialysis (OR = 0.109, 95%CI: 0.014–0.856) were independent predictors of NAFLD.
CONCLUSION NAFLD was detected with CT in 25.2% of the participants. NAFLD was associated with younger age, higher hemoglobin levels, lower HDL cholesterol levels, and an absence of dialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryosuke Yamane
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yoshioka
- Center for Liver Diseases, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuko Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yuki Ito
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Komei Matsushita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Michiyo Yoshizaki
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Go Kajikawa
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Taro Mizutani
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Atsuko Watarai
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Kosuke Tachi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
| | - Hidemi Goto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Federation of National Public Service Personnel Mutual Aid Associations Meijo Hospital, Nagoya 460-0001, Aichi, Japan
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Zhao P, Yan J, Pan B, Liu J, Fu S, Cheng J, Wang L, Jing G, Li Q. Association Between the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:1141-1151. [PMID: 35444436 PMCID: PMC9015107 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s356497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS A total of 1168 patients with T2DM were divided into the non-CKD and CKD groups, and the difference in the prevalence of NAFLD was compared. The differences in serum creatinine (SCr) and urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) levels were compared between the non-NAFLD and NAFLD groups. Patients with T2DM were divided into three groups according to their UACR levels (UACR < 30 mg/g [U1 group]; UACR ≤ 30 mg/g to < 300 mg/g [U2 group]; and UACR ≥ 300 mg/g [U3 group]) or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) levels (≥ 90 mL/min [G1 group]; eGFR ≤ 60 mL/min to < 90 mL/min [G2 group]; and eGFR < 60 mL/min (G3 group]). The difference in the prevalence and risks of NAFLD in the different UACR or eGFR level groups was analyzed. RESULTS The prevalence of NAFLD in the CKD group was higher than that in the non-CKD group (63.5% vs 50.5%, p < 0.001). The SCr and UACR levels in the NAFLD group were higher than those in the non-NAFLD group (both p<0.05). The prevalence of NAFLD in the U3 group (75.6%) was higher than that in the U1 (50.5%, p < 0.05) and U2 (60.1%, p < 0.05) groups, and the prevalence of NAFLD in the U2 group (60.1%) was higher than that in the U1 group (50.5%, p < 0.05). The risk of NAFLD in the U3 group was higher than that in the U2 group (odds ratio [OR] = 3.032 and 1.473). Despite adjusting the parameters further, the NAFLD risk in the U3 group remained higher than that in the U2 group (OR = 1.660 and 2.342). CONCLUSION The risk of NAFLD in patients with T2DM is closely related to CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Zhao
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junxin Yan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Binjing Pan
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingfang Liu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Jingfang Liu, Department of Endocrinology, the First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730000, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 931-8356242, Email
| | - Songbo Fu
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianguo Cheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liting Wang
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaojing Jing
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiong Li
- The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, People’s Republic of China
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Szczuko M, Kaczkan M, Małgorzewicz S, Rutkowski P, Dębska-Ślizień A, Stachowska E. The C18:3n6/C22:4n6 ratio is a good lipid marker of chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:77. [PMID: 32303226 PMCID: PMC7164198 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01258-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major challenge for public health due to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and premature death. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical picture of FA and the course of the pathophysiological mechanisms of CKD. Methods The study involved 149 patients with CKD and a control group including 43 people. Fatty acid profiles were investigated using gas chromatography. A total of 30 fatty acids and their derivatives were identified and quantified. The omega3, omega6, SFA, MUFA, and PUFA fatty acid contents were calculated. The correlation matrix was obtained for parameters relating to patients with CKD vs. FA, taking patients’ sex into consideration. The index C18:3n6/C22:4n6 was calculated according to the length of the treatment. Statistica 12.0 software (Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA) was used for the statistical analyses. Results The results showed decreased levels of total PUFA and increased concentrations of MUFA, including the activation of the palmitic and oleic acid pathway. An increase in the levels of n-6 9C22: 4n6 family fatty acids in all the patients and a reduction in the n-3 family (EPA, DHA) were observed. C18:3n6 was negatively correlated and C22:4n6 was positively correlated with the duration of the treatment. The index C18:3n6/C22:4n6 was defined as a new marker in the progression of the disease. Moreover, the index C18:3n6/ C22:4n6 was drastically decreased in later period. Nervonic acid was higher in the CKD group. In the group of men with CKD, there was a negative correlation between the excretion of K+, anthropometric measurements, and the levels of EPA and DHA. Conclusions The course of inflammation in CKD occurs through the decrease in PUFA and the synthesis of MUFA. The dominating cascade of changes is the elongation of GLA-C18:3n6 into DGLA-C20:3n6 and AA-C20:4n6. As CKD progresses, along with worsening anthropometrical parameters and increased secretion of potassium, the activity of Ʌ6-desaturase decreases, reducing the synthesis of EPA and DHA. The synthesis of AdA-C22:4n6 increases and the ratio C18:3n6/C22:4n6 drastically decreases after 5 years. This parameter can be used to diagnose disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Szczuko
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Kaczkan
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sylwia Małgorzewicz
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Przemysław Rutkowski
- Department of General Nursery, Medical University of Gdańsk and Diaverum Hemodialysis Unit, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Alicja Dębska-Ślizień
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Ewa Stachowska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Metabolomics, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
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Katsiki N, Anagnostis P, Kotsa K, Goulis DG, Mikhailidis DP. Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome and the Risk of Microvascular Complications in Patients with Diabetes mellitus. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:2051-2059. [PMID: 31298151 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190708192134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity frequently co-exists with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), leading to the socalled "diabesity epidemic". The metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of central obesity, hypertension, dysglycemia, insulin resistance and/or atherogenic dyslipidemia, as well as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a hepatic manifestation of MetS, has been associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD), T2DM and chronic kidney disease (CKD) incidence. However, the association between obesity, MetS (including NAFLD) and diabetic microvascular complications is less evident. METHODS The present narrative review discusses the associations of obesity, MetS and NAFLD with diabetic kidney disease (DKD), diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) as well as cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN). The available data on the effects of lifestyle measures and bariatric surgery on these diabetic complications are also briefly discussed. RESULTS Overall, both obesity and MetS have been related to DKD, DR and DPN, although conflicting results exist. Links between NAFLD and diabetic microvascular complications have also been reported but data are still limited. Lifestyle intervention and bariatric surgery may prevent the development and/or progression of these microvascular complications but more evidence is needed. CONCLUSION Clinicians should be aware of the frequent co-existence of MetS and/or NAFLD in T2DM patients to prevent or treat these metabolic disorders, thus potentially minimizing the risk for both CVD and diabetic microvascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki Katsiki
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Anagnostis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Kalliopi Kotsa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center, Medical School, AHEPA University Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios G Goulis
- Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitri P Mikhailidis
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Free Hospital Campus, University College London Medical School, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
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Zheng S, Ma J. A Systematic Review of Gastrointestinal Manifestations in Diabetic Nephropathy. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH AND HYPOTHESIS IN MEDICINE 2019; 000:1-10. [DOI: 10.14218/erhm.2019.00014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Zhang M, Li L, Chen J, Li B, Zhan Y, Zhang C. Presence of diabetic retinopathy is lower in type 2 diabetic patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e15362. [PMID: 31045779 PMCID: PMC6504314 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000015362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
To analyze the association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and the presence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Total 411 T2DM patients were divided into NAFLD and control groups. NAFLD was diagnosed by ultrasound. Retinopathy was diagnosed by fundus photography. All patients were screened based on medical history, physical examinations, and laboratory measurements.The prevalence of NAFLD and DR in T2DM patients was 60.8% and 40.9%, respectively. The presence of DR was associated with diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure (SBP), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and proteinuria (all P < .001) using univariate and multivariate regression analyses. The prevalence of DR was lower in patients with NAFLD than those without NAFLD (37.2% vs 46.6%, P = .065), and significantly lower in patients with moderate and severe NAFLD (30.2% vs 46.6%, P = .012; 14.3% vs 46.6%, P = .024). The presence of DR in NAFLD patients was associated with diabetes duration (P = .032) in Chi-squared analysis.NAFLD and DR were highly prevalent in T2DM patients. Diabetes duration, SBP, HbA1c, and proteinuria were risk factors for DR in T2DM patients. The presence of DR was lower in T2DM patients with NAFLD, which was mainly due to their shorter diabetes duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xian XD Group Hospital, Xi’an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Yutao Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing
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Nunez DJ, Alexander M, Yerges-Armstrong L, Singh G, Byttebier G, Fabbrini E, Waterworth D, Meininger G, Galwey N, Wallentin L, White HD, Vannieuwenhuyse B, Alazawi W, Kendrick S, Sattar N, Ferrannini E. Factors influencing longitudinal changes of circulating liver enzyme concentrations in subjects randomized to placebo in four clinical trials. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2019; 316:G372-G386. [PMID: 30495974 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00051.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver enzyme concentrations are measured as safety end points in clinical trials to detect drug-related hepatotoxicity, but little is known about the epidemiology of these biomarkers in subjects without hepatic dysfunction who are enrolled in drug trials. We studied alanine and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT and AST) in subjects randomized to placebo who completed assessments over 36 mo in a cardiovascular outcome trial [the Stabilisation of Atherosclerotic Plaque by Initiation of Darapladib Therapy ("STABILITY") trial; n = 4,264; mean age: 64.2 yr] or over 12 mo in three trials that enrolled only subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) [the DIA trials; n = 308; mean age: 62.4 yr] to investigate time-dependent relationships and the factors that might affect ALT and AST, including body mass index (BMI), T2D, and renal function. Multivariate linear mixed models examined time-dependent relationships between liver enzyme concentrations as response variables and BMI, baseline T2D status, hemoglobin A1c levels, and renal function, as explanatory variables. At baseline, ALT was higher in individuals who were men, <65 yr old, and obese and who had glomerular filtration rate (GFR) >60 ml·min-1·1.73 m-2. ALT was not significantly associated with T2D at baseline, although it was positively associated with HbA1c. GFR had a greater impact on ALT than T2D. ALT concentrations decreased over time in subjects who lost weight but remained stable in individuals with increasing BMI. Weight change did not alter AST concentrations. We provide new insights on the influence of time, GFR, and HbA1c on ALT and AST concentrations and confirm the effect of sex, age, T2D, BMI, and BMI change in subjects receiving placebo in clinical trials. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Clinical trials provide high-quality data on liver enzyme concentrations from subjects randomized to placebo that can be used to investigate the epidemiology of these biomarkers. The adjusted models show the influence of sex, age, time, renal function, type 2 diabetes, HbA1c, and body mass index on alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase concentrations and their relative importance. These factors need to be considered when assessing potential signals of hepatotoxicity in trials of new drugs and in clinical trials investigating subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek J Nunez
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development (Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Unit, and Genetics), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Myriam Alexander
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stockley Park, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Yerges-Armstrong
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development (Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Unit, and Genetics), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | | | - Dawn Waterworth
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development (Metabolic Pathways and Cardiovascular Unit, and Genetics), Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Nicholas Galwey
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Lars Wallentin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiology and Uppsala Clinical Research Center, Uppsala University , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Harvey D White
- Auckland City Hospital Green Lane Cardiovascular Service , Auckland , New Zealand
| | | | - William Alazawi
- Barts Liver Centre, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary, University of London , London , United Kingdom
| | - Stuart Kendrick
- GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Naveed Sattar
- British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow , Glasgow , United Kingdom
| | - Ele Ferrannini
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Recerche Institute of Clinical Physiology, Pisa , Italy
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES The relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and albuminuria has been shown in many epidemiologic studies, although the results were inconsistent. This meta-analysis was conducted to summarize all available data and to estimate the risk of albuminuria among patients with NAFLD. METHODS Comprehensive literature review was conducted utilizing Medline and Embase database through January 2018 to identify studies that compared the risk of albuminuria among patients with NAFLD versus those without NAFLD. Effect estimates from each study were extracted and combined using the random-effect, generic inverse variance method of DerSimonian and Laird. RESULTS Nineteen studies (17 cross-sectional studies and two cohort studies) with 24 804 participants fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in this meta-analysis. The risk of albuminuria among patients with NAFLD was significantly higher than those without NAFLD with the pooled odds ratio (OR) of 1.67 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32-2.11]. Subgroup analysis demonstrated the significantly increased risk of albuminuria among patients with NAFLD without diabetes with pooled OR of 2.25 (95% CI: 1.65-3.06). However, we found no significant association between albuminuria and NAFLD among diabetic patients [pooled OR 1.28 (95% CI: 0.94-1.75)]. CONCLUSION A significantly increased risk of albuminuria among patients with NAFLD was observed in this meta-analysis. Physicians should pay more attention to the early detection and subsequent treatment of individuals with microalbuminuria especially in patients with NAFLD.
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Ikewuchi CC, Ikewuchi JC, Ifeanacho MO. Restoration of plasma markers of liver and kidney functions/integrity in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits by aqueous extract of Pleurotus tuberregium sclerotia. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 95:1809-1814. [PMID: 28968925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of aqueous extract of the sclerotia of Pleurotus tuberregium on the plasma electrolytes, and markers of liver and kidney functions/integrity of normal and alloxan-induced rabbits was investigated. Diabetes mellitus was induced by injection of alloxan (120mg/kg body weight), via the marginal ear vein. The extract was administered orally at 100, 200 and 300mg/kg (both to normal and diabetic rabbits), and metformin at 50mg/kg. Gas chromatographic-flame ionization detector analysis of the extract revealed the presence of twelve known phenolic acids, consisting mainly of caffeic acid (80.24%), chlorogenic acid (11.08%), piperic acid (6.11%), sinapinic acid (2.14%) and ferulic acid (0.34%). Compared to test control, the treatment significantly (p<0.05) lowered plasma activities of alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyltransferase, and alanine and aspartate transaminases. Also lowered were plasma unconjugated/conjugated bilirubin ratio and concentrations of urea, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, sodium, and total and unconjugated bilirubin. It however, significantly (p<0.05) raised plasma potassium and calcium levels. Therefore, the modulation of plasma sodium and potassium is an indication of the diuretic potential of the extract. In addition, the extract had no deleterious effect on the liver and kidney of the treated animals, at least at the doses administered in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Chidinma Ikewuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
| | - Jude Chigozie Ikewuchi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
| | - Mercy Onuekwuzu Ifeanacho
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
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Dai W, Ye L, Liu A, Wen SW, Deng J, Wu X, Lai Z. Prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e8179. [PMID: 28953675 PMCID: PMC5626318 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000008179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is emerging as a public health issue worldwide and is highly prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there was a great disparity across studies in the estimated prevalence of NAFLD in T2DM patients. This meta-analysis, therefore, aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of NAFLD in T2DM patients. METHODS Electronic databases of PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang were searched using MeSH terms to identify relevant studies. Eligibility assessment and data extraction were conducted independently by 2 investigators and a meta-analysis was performed to synthesize the data. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochran Q test and quantified using the I statistic. Publication bias was assessed using both the Begg and Egger tests. Subgroup analyses were performed to identify the possible sources of heterogeneity. RESULTS Twenty-four studies involving 35,599 T2DM patients were included in this meta-analysis, of which 20,264 were identified with NAFLD. A high degree of heterogeneity (I = 99.0%, P < .001) was observed among the eligible studies, with the reported prevalence ranging from 29.6% to 87.1%. The pooled prevalence of NAFLD in T2DM patients, by a random-effects model, was 59.67% (95% confidence interval: 54.31-64.92%). Sensitivity was low and both the Begg test and Egger test showed low possibility of publication bias. Subgroup analyses indicated that the prevalence of NAFLD in T2DM patients differed by gender, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, and chronic kidney disease. CONCLUSIONS The high pooled prevalence of NAFLD in T2DM patients found in this study significantly underscores the need for early assessment of NAFLD and the importance of strengthening the management of NAFLD in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Dai
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
| | - Ling Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Aizhong Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
| | - Shi Wu Wen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
- OMNI Research Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Clinical Epidemiology Program
- School of Epidemiology, Public Health, and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jing Deng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
| | - Xin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University
| | - Zhiwei Lai
- Immune Planning Division, Hunan Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Heidari Z, Gharebaghi A. Prevalence of Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and its Association with Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:OC04-OC07. [PMID: 28658824 PMCID: PMC5483726 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25931.9823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) are two common problems affecting global health as these two conditions can influence each other. There is very little information about the possible association between NAFLD and diabetic microvascular complications such as diabetic nephropathy. AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of NAFLD in patients with T2DM and to investigate the association between NAFLD and diabetic nephropathy in these patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 255 patients with T2DM, with minimum age being 30 years. Hepatic ultrasonography using a 3.5 MHz probe was performed in all subjects. Fatty liver based on standard criteria was diagnosed with liver brightness, contrast between the echogenicity of the liver, kidneys and the blood vessels fading rate. Screening for microalbuminuria was performed by the preferred method, measurement of the Urine Albumin-To-Creatinine (UACR) ratio in a random spot collection. RESULTS In this study, 255 patients with T2DM were enrolled of which 173 (68%) were females and 82 (32%) were males. Of these 221 subjects (86.66%) had NAFLD. Diabetic nephropathy was observed among 33% of individuals, microalbuminuria among 32% and macroalbuminuria in 10% of all individuals. Duration of diabetes, Body Mass Index (BMI), hypertriglyceridemia, and HbA1c were significantly associated with incidence of NAFLD. Also, duration of diabetes and HbA1c were significantly associated with diabetic nephropathy in patients with T2DM. CONCLUSION NAFLD in patients with T2DM is extremely common. NAFLD is not considered as a risk factor for diabetic nephropathy. To better understand the pathogenesis of NAFLD and its causal relationship with complications of diabetes such as diabetic nephropathy, prospective studies and long term follow up are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Heidari
- Endocrinologist, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Atiyeh Gharebaghi
- Endocrinologist, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
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15
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Zhan Y, Xie P, Li D, Li L, Chen J, An W, Zhang L, Zhang C. Deficiency of CKIP-1 aggravates high-fat diet-induced fatty liver in mice. Exp Cell Res 2017; 355:40-46. [PMID: 28351752 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Casein kinase 2 interacting protein-1(CKIP-1) is widely expressed in a variety of tissues and cells, and plays an important role in various critical cellular and physiological processes including cell growth, apoptosis, differentiation, cytoskeleton and bone formation. Here, we found: (1) CKIP-1 deficient mice exhibited increased body weight, liver weight, number and size of lipid droplets, and TG content comparing with WT mice after being exposed to high fat diet (HFD); (2) the levels of serum insulin, liver glycogen, phosphorylated C-Jun-N-terminal kinase-1 (pJNK1) and phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate -1(pIRS1) in CKIP-1-/- mice were higher than those of WT mice; (3) CKIP-1 interacted with JNK1 in vitro. Our results indicate that CKIP-1 deficiency in mice aggravates HFD-induced fatty liver by upregulating JNK1 phosphorylation and further upregulating IRS-1 phosphorylation and RI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ping Xie
- Physical Examination Centre, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Dongnian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Wei An
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China.
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16
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Adiga US, Malawadi BN. Association of Diabetic Nephropathy and Liver Disorders. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:BC05-BC07. [PMID: 27891331 PMCID: PMC5121669 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/21672.8728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liver disorder is known to be a risk factor for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and diabetic patients are at risk of developing liver disorders. Association of liver and renal disease is less explored in the field of research; hence, we conducted a retrospective study on this. AIM To compare the renal and liver profiles of type II DM patients compared to healthy controls and find the association between the two profiles in diabetics. MATERIALS AND METHODS The renal and liver profiles of 68 type II DM patients and 58 controls were compared. Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) (eGFR) was calculated using Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formula and was taken as a tool to grade different stages of diabetic nephropathy. Comparison of liver profiles between different stages of diabetic nephropathy was done. Correlations and associations were studied between eGFR and liver enzymes and Bilirubin. RESULTS A significant elevation in Total Bilirubin (TB) (p< 0.15), Direct Bilirubin (DB) (p< 0.0035), Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST) and Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT) (p<0.0001) levels in diabetics was noted. An elevated eGFR and a significant correlation between eGFR and liver enzymes were observed. A significant association between liver and renal disease has been obtained in diabetics (p=0.0136). CONCLUSION Significantly, high liver function tests and low eGFR were observed in type II diabetics. A significant positive correlation between liver enzymes (AST and ALT) and eGFR suggest a possible association between liver and kidney functions in DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usha Sachidananda Adiga
- Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences , Karwar, Karnataka, India
| | - B N Malawadi
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Karwar Institute of Medical Sciences , Karwar, Karnataka, India
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Jia G, Di F, Wang Q, Shao J, Gao L, Wang L, Li Q, Li N. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Is a Risk Factor for the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142808. [PMID: 26566287 PMCID: PMC4643958 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is prevalent in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is also associated with T2DM. However, little is known about the interaction between these conditions in patients with T2DM. Objective To examine the association between NAFLD and DN in patients with T2DM. Methods This retrospective study included patients seen between January 2006 and July 2014.T2DM patients were divided into two groups based on NAFLD status (with NAFLD = group A; without = group B). The cumulative incidence of DN and chronic kidney disease (CKD) staging were compared between the two groups. Liver fat content was examined in some patients. Associations among NAFLD, other factors,and DN were analyzed by the additive interaction method. Results Cumulative incidence of DN in patients from group A (58.58%) was higher than in group B (37.22%) (P = 0.005). In both groups, the number of DN patients with CKD stage 1 was greater than the number of patients with stages 2–5. Increased liver fat content was associated with increased occurrence of severe and mild albuminuria and decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR). There were positive correlations between NAFLD and insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), free fatty acids (FFA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), omentin-1, visceral fat area, homocysteine (HCY), and serum uric acid (UA). Conclusion NAFLD might be a risk factor for DN. Elevated liver fat content could be associated with higher DN burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Jia
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells (TKL), Tianjin, China
| | - Fusheng Di
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Qipeng Wang
- Department of Hemodialysis, The Fourth Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinshuang Shao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
| | - Nali Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin, China
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Zhan Y, Zhao F, Xie P, Zhong L, Li D, Gai Q, Li L, Wei H, Zhang L, An W. Mechanism of the effect of glycosyltransferase GLT8D2 on fatty liver. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14:43. [PMID: 25952508 PMCID: PMC4425853 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0040-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent studies have shown that some glycosyltransferases are involved in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The objective of this study was to explore the effect and mechanism of glycosyltransferase GLT8D2 on fatty liver. Methods Rat model of NAFLD was established by induction with high-fat-diet. The GLT8D2 expression in rat liver was examined using immunohistochemistry. Oil Red O staining and triglyceride assay were used to measure the effect of abnormal GLT8D2 expression on lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells. The expression levels of lipid metabolism-related key molecules, namely sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), stearoyl-coA desaturase (SCD), carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT1) and microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), in HepG2 cells with abnormal GLT8D2 expression were determined by western blot analyses. Results The expression of GLT8D2 was higher in the liver of rats with NAFLD than in the control rats, and GLT8D2 was mainly located around lipid droplets in hepatocytes. GLT8D2 expression increased in steatosis HepG2 cells compared with that in normal HepG2 cells. GLT8D2 positively regulated lipid droplet accumulation and triglyceride content in HepG2 cells. Upregulation or knockdown of GLT8D2 had no effect on the expressions of SREBP-1c, SCD or CPT-1 proteins in HepG2 cells. However, GLT8D2 expression negatively regulated the expression of MTP protein in HepG2 cells. Conclusion GLT8D2 participated in NAFLD pathogenesis possibly by negatively regulating MTP expression. Specific inhibition of GLT8D2 via an antagonistic strategy could provide a potential candidate approach for treatment of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1 Dongjiaominxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Fei Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1 Dongjiaominxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Leping Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1 Dongjiaominxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Dongnian Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1 Dongjiaominxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Qujing Gai
- Institutes of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Li Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No.1 Dongjiaominxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Hongshan Wei
- Institutes of Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100015, China.
| | - Lingqiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Beijing Proteome Research Center, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, Beijing, 102206, China.
| | - Wei An
- Department of Cell Biology, Municipal Laboratory for Liver Protection and Regulation of Regeneration, Capital Medical University, 10 You An Men Wai Xi Tou Tiao, Beijing, 100069, China.
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Li Y, Zhu S, Li B, Shao X, Liu X, Liu A, Wu B, Zhang Y, Wang H, Wang X, Deng K, Liu Q, Huang M, Liu H, Holthöfer H, Zou H. Association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease in population with prediabetes or diabetes. Int Urol Nephrol 2014; 46:1785-91. [DOI: 10.1007/s11255-014-0796-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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