1
|
Wu M, Mi J, Qu GX, Zhang S, Jian Y, Gao C, Cai Q, Liu J, Jiang J, Huang H. Role of Hedgehog Signaling Pathways in Multipotent Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation. Cell Transplant 2024; 33:9636897241244943. [PMID: 38695366 PMCID: PMC11067683 DOI: 10.1177/09636897241244943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have high self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation potentials and low immunogenicity, so they have attracted much attention in the field of regenerative medicine and have a promising clinical application. MSCs originate from the mesoderm and can differentiate not only into osteoblasts, cartilage, adipocytes, and muscle cells but also into ectodermal and endodermal cell lineages across embryonic layers. To design cell therapy for replacement of damaged tissues, it is essential to understand the signaling pathways, which have a major impact on MSC differentiation, as this will help to integrate the signaling inputs to initiate a specific lineage. Hedgehog (Hh) signaling plays a vital role in the development of various tissues and organs in the embryo. As a morphogen, Hh not only regulates the survival and proliferation of tissue progenitor and stem populations but also is a critical moderator of MSC differentiation, involving tri-lineage and across embryonic layer differentiation of MSCs. This review summarizes the role of Hh signaling pathway in the differentiation of MSCs to mesodermal, endodermal, and ectodermal cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengyu Wu
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junwei Mi
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guo-xin Qu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Shu Zhang
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Jian
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chu Gao
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingli Cai
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jianxin Jiang
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Huang
- Department of Trauma Medical Center, Daping Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang Z, Wang B, Liu W, Li X, Liang K, Fan Z, Li JJ, Niu Y, He Z, Li H, Wang D, Lin J, Du Y, Lin J, Xing D. In situ self-assembled organoid for osteochondral tissue regeneration with dual functional units. Bioact Mater 2023; 27:200-215. [PMID: 37096194 PMCID: PMC10121637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The regeneration of hierarchical osteochondral units is challenging due to difficulties in inducing spatial, directional and controllable differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into cartilage and bone compartments. Emerging organoid technology offers new opportunities for osteochondral regeneration. In this study, we developed gelatin-based microcryogels customized using hyaluronic acid (HA) and hydroxyapatite (HYP), respectively for inducing cartilage and bone regeneration (denoted as CH-Microcryogels and OS-Microcryogels) through in vivo self-assembly into osteochondral organoids. The customized microcryogels showed good cytocompatibility and induced chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, while also demonstrating the ability to self-assemble into osteochondral organoids with no delamination in the biphasic cartilage-bone structure. Analysis by mRNA-seq showed that CH-Microcryogels promoted chondrogenic differentiation and inhibited inflammation, while OS-Microcryogels facilitated osteogenic differentiation and suppressed the immune response, by regulating specific signaling pathways. Finally, the in vivo engraftment of pre-differentiated customized microcryogels into canine osteochondral defects resulted in the spontaneous assembly of an osteochondral unit, inducing simultaneous regeneration of both articular cartilage and subchondral bone. In conclusion, this novel approach for generating self-assembling osteochondral organoids utilizing tailor-made microcryogels presents a highly promising avenue for advancing the field of tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Beijing CytoNiche Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Xiaoke Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Kaini Liang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Zejun Fan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Jiao Jiao Li
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and IT, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yudi Niu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
| | - Zihao He
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Hui Li
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Du Wang
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Jianjing Lin
- Department of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yanan Du
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China
- Corresponding author. Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 10084, China.
| | - Jianhao Lin
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
- Corresponding author. Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China.
| | - Dan Xing
- Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China
- Arthritis Institute, Peking University, Beijing, 100044, China
- Corresponding author. Arthritis Clinical and Research Center, Peking University People's Hospital, No.11 Xizhimen South Street, Beijing, 100044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Walczak BE, Jiao H, Lee MS, Li WJ. Reprogrammed Synovial Fluid-Derived Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Acquire Enhanced Therapeutic Potential for Articular Cartilage Repair. Cartilage 2021; 13:530S-543S. [PMID: 34467773 PMCID: PMC8804808 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211040858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Functions of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are affected by patient-dependent factors such as age and health condition. To tackle this problem, we used the cellular reprogramming technique to epigenetically alter human MSCs derived from the synovial fluid of joints with osteoarthritis (OA) to explore the potential of reprogrammed MSCs for repairing articular cartilage. MATERIALS AND METHODS MSCs isolated from the synovial fluid of three patients' OA knees (Pa-MSCs) were reprogrammed through overexpression of pluripotency factors and then induced for differentiation to establish reprogrammed MSC (Re-MSC) lines. We compared the in vitro growth characteristics, chondrogenesis for articular cartilage chondrocytes, and immunomodulatory capacity. We also evaluated the capability of Re-MSCs to repair articular cartilage damage in an animal model with spontaneous OA. RESULTS Our results showed that Re-MSCs increased the in vitro proliferative capacity and improved chondrogenic differentiation toward articular cartilage-like chondrocyte phenotypes with increased THBS4 and SIX1 and decreased ALPL and COL10A1, compared to Pa-MSCs. In addition, Re-MSC-derived chondrocytes expressing elevated COL2A and COL2B were more mature than parental cell-derived ones. The enhancement in chondrogenesis of Re-MSC involves the upregulation of sonic hedgehog signaling. Moreover, Re-MSCs improved the repair of articular cartilage in an animal model of spontaneous OA. CONCLUSIONS Epigenetic reprogramming promotes MSCs harvested from OA patients to increase phenotypic characteristics and gain robust functions. In addition, Re-MSCs acquire an enhanced potential for articular cartilage repair. Our study here demonstrates that the reprogramming strategy provides a potential solution to the challenge of variation in MSC quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian E. Walczak
- Department of Orthopedics and
Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Hongli Jiao
- Department of Orthopedics and
Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ming-Song Lee
- Department of Orthopedics and
Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Wan-Ju Li
- Department of Orthopedics and
Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering,
University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Nanoparticle mediated cancer immunotherapy. Semin Cancer Biol 2020; 69:307-324. [PMID: 32259643 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The versatility and nanoscale size have helped nanoparticles (NPs) improve the efficacy of conventional cancer immunotherapy and opened up exciting approaches to combat cancer. This review first outlines the tumor immune evasion and the defensive tumor microenvironment (TME) that hinders the activity of host immune system against tumor. Then, a detailed description on how the NP based strategies have helped improve the efficacy of conventional cancer vaccines and overcome the obstacles led by TME. Sustained and controlled drug delivery, enhanced cross presentation by immune cells, co-encapsulation of adjuvants, inhibition of immune checkpoints and intrinsic adjuvant like properties have aided NPs to improve the therapeutic efficacy of cancer vaccines. Also, NPs have been efficient modulators of TME. In this context, NPs facilitate better penetration of the chemotherapeutic drug by dissolution of the inhibitory meshwork formed by tumor associated cells, blood vessels, soluble mediators and extra cellular matrix in TME. NPs achieve this by suppression, modulation, or reprogramming of the immune cells and other mediators localised in TME. This review further summarizes the applications of NPs used to enhance the efficacy of cancer vaccines and modulate the TME to improve cancer immunotherapy. Finally, the hurdles faced in commercialization and translation to clinic have been discussed and intriguingly, NPs owe great potential to emerge as clinical formulations for cancer immunotherapy in near future.
Collapse
|
5
|
Le QV, Suh J, Oh YK. Nanomaterial-Based Modulation of Tumor Microenvironments for Enhancing Chemo/Immunotherapy. AAPS JOURNAL 2019; 21:64. [PMID: 31102154 DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) has drawn considerable research attention as an alternative target for nanomedicine-based cancer therapy. Various nanomaterials that carry active substances have been designed to alter the features or composition of the TME and thereby improve the delivery and efficacy of anticancer chemotherapeutics. These alterations include disruption of the extracellular matrix and tumor vascular systems to promote perfusion or modulate hypoxia. Nanomaterials have also been used to modulate the immunological microenvironment of tumors. In this context, nanomaterials have been shown to alter populations of cancer-associated fibroblasts, tumor-associated macrophages, regulatory T cells, and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. Despite considerable progress, nanomaterial-based TME modulation must overcome several limitations before this strategy can be translated to clinical trials, including issues related to limited tumor tissue penetration, tumor heterogeneity, and immune toxicity. In this review, we summarize recent progress and challenges of nanomaterials used to modulate the TME to enhance the efficacy of anticancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quoc-Viet Le
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhan Suh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu-Kyoung Oh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak gu, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Transfection of the IHH gene into rabbit BMSCs in a simulated microgravity environment promotes chondrogenic differentiation and inhibits cartilage aging. Oncotarget 2018; 7:62873-62885. [PMID: 27802423 PMCID: PMC5325333 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of overexpressing the Indian hedgehog (IHH) gene on the chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) was investigated in a simulated microgravity environment. An adenovirus plasmid encoding the rabbit IHH gene was constructed in vitro and transfected into rabbit BMSCs. Two large groups were used: conventional cell culture and induction model group and simulated microgravity environment group. Each large group was further divided into blank control group, GFP transfection group, and IHH transfection group. During differentiation induction, the expression levels of cartilage-related and cartilage hypertrophy-related genes and proteins in each group were determined. In the conventional model, the IHH transfection group expressed high levels of cartilage-related factors (Coll2 and ANCN) at the early stage of differentiation induction and expressed high levels of cartilage hypertrophy-related factors (Coll10, annexin 5, and ALP) at the late stage. Under the simulated microgravity environment, the IHH transfection group expressed high levels of cartilage-related factors and low levels of cartilage hypertrophy-related factors at all stages of differentiation induction. Under the simulated microgravity environment, transfection of the IHH gene into BMSCs effectively promoted the generation of cartilage and inhibited cartilage aging and osteogenesis. Therefore, this technique is suitable for cartilage tissue engineering.
Collapse
|
7
|
Li D, Cheng S, Zhang W, Wang M, Sun C, Zhang C, Wang Y, Jin J, Zhang Y, Li B. Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling regelates differentiation of chicken (Gallus gallus) embryonic stem cells to male germ cells. Anim Reprod Sci 2017; 182:9-20. [PMID: 28483168 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Revised: 12/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Gli1 is an important signaling molecular in Hedgehog signaling pathway. In our study, we explored the adjustment effect of Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling pathway on chicken male germ cells differentiation based on the transcriptome-wide analyses of chicken ESCs, primordial germ cells (PGCs) and spermatogonia stem cells (SSCs) that were associated with male germ cell differentiation. We screened out Hedgehog signaling pathway and identified 8 candidated differentially expressed genes (DEGs), Wnt3a, Wnt16, Wnt8a, HHIPL1, Gli1, BMP6, BMP7 and TTLL4. These DEGs expression change trend among blastoderm, genital ridge and testes, from which ESCs, PGCs and SSCs were isolated was the same as RNA-Seq data with quantitative RT-PCR evaluation. Based on retinoic acid (RA) induction of ESCs to SSCs in vitro, Gli1 overexpression has the ability to induce ESCs differentiation and SSCs-like cells formation and high expression of related reproductive genes, like Cvh, C-kit, Blamp1, Prmd14, Stra8, Dazl, integrin α6 and integrin β1 and so on in vitro. While RNAi knockdown of Gli1 can protect ESCs from differentiating into SSCs and correspondingly reduce the expression of the associated reproductive gene in vivo and vitro. Immunochemistry results showed that Gli1 overexpression could increase the expression of PGCs markers Cvh and C-kit and SSCs markers integrin α6 and integrin β1 in vivo, while Gli1 knockdown can have the opposite effect in vivo and in vitro. PAS stain and flow cytometry (FCM) evaluation results indicated the quantity of germ cells is decrease or increase with Gli1 knockdown or overexpression. Collectively, these results uncovered a novel function of Gli1 and demonstrated Hedgehog-Gli1 signaling pathway involved in chicken male germ cell differentiation, where it acts as a facilitator.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoze Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Changhua Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yani Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bichun Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou 225009, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Green JD, Tollemar V, Dougherty M, Yan Z, Yin L, Ye J, Collier Z, Mohammed MK, Haydon RC, Luu HH, Kang R, Lee MJ, Ho SH, He TC, Shi LL, Athiviraham A. Multifaceted signaling regulators of chondrogenesis: Implications in cartilage regeneration and tissue engineering. Genes Dis 2015; 2:307-327. [PMID: 26835506 PMCID: PMC4730920 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2015.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Defects of articular cartilage present a unique clinical challenge due to its poor self-healing capacity and avascular nature. Current surgical treatment options do not ensure consistent regeneration of hyaline cartilage in favor of fibrous tissue. Here, we review the current understanding of the most important biological regulators of chondrogenesis and their interactions, to provide insight into potential applications for cartilage tissue engineering. These include various signaling pathways, including: fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), Wnt/β-catenin, Hedgehog, Notch, hypoxia, and angiogenic signaling pathways. Transcriptional and epigenetic regulation of chondrogenesis will also be discussed. Advances in our understanding of these signaling pathways have led to promising advances in cartilage regeneration and tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jordan D. Green
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Viktor Tollemar
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Mark Dougherty
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Zhengjian Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Liangjun Yin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China
| | - Jixing Ye
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- School of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zachary Collier
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Maryam K. Mohammed
- The University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Rex C. Haydon
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Hue H. Luu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Richard Kang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Michael J. Lee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Sherwin H. Ho
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Tong-Chuan He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Lewis L. Shi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Aravind Athiviraham
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation Medicine, The University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Mundy C, Bello A, Sgariglia F, Koyama E, Pacifici M. HhAntag, a Hedgehog Signaling Antagonist, Suppresses Chondrogenesis and Modulates Canonical and Non-Canonical BMP Signaling. J Cell Physiol 2015; 231:1033-44. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mundy
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | | | - Federica Sgariglia
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Eiki Koyama
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - Maurizio Pacifici
- Translational Research Program in Pediatric Orthopaedics; Division of Orthopaedic Surgery; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Handorf AM, Chamberlain CS, Li WJ. Endogenously produced Indian Hedgehog regulates TGFβ-driven chondrogenesis of human bone marrow stromal/stem cells. Stem Cells Dev 2015; 24:995-1007. [PMID: 25519748 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2014.0266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human bone marrow stromal/stem cells (hBMSCs) have an inherent tendency to undergo hypertrophy when induced into the chondrogenic lineage using transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGFβ) in vitro, reminiscent of what occurs during endochondral ossification. Surprisingly, Indian Hedgehog (IHH) has received little attention for its role during hBMSC chondrogenesis despite being considered a master regulator of endochondral ossification. In this study, we investigated the role that endogenously produced IHH plays during hBMSC chondrogenesis. We began by analyzing the expression of IHH throughout differentiation using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and found that IHH expression was upregulated dramatically upon chondrogenic induction and peaked from days 9 to 12 of differentiation, which coincided with a concomitant increase in the expression of chondrogenesis- and hypertrophy-related markers, suggesting a potential role for endogenously produced IHH in driving hBMSC chondrogenesis. More importantly, pharmacological inhibition of Hedgehog signaling with cyclopamine or knockdown of IHH almost completely blocked TGFβ1-induced chondrogenesis in hBMSCs, demonstrating that endogenously produced IHH is necessary for hBMSC chondrogenesis. Furthermore, overexpression of IHH was sufficient to drive chondrogenic differentiation, even when TGFβ signaling was inhibited. Finally, stimulation with TGFβ1 induced a significant and sustained upregulation of IHH expression within 3 h that preceded an upregulation in all cartilage-related genes analyzed, and knockdown of IHH blocked the effects of TGFβ1 entirely, suggesting that the effects of TGFβ1 are being mediated through endogenously produced IHH. Together, our findings demonstrate that endogenously produced IHH is playing a critical role in regulating hBMSC chondrogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M Handorf
- Departments of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation & Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wan J, Zhou J, Zhao H, Wang M, Wei Z, Gao H, Wang Y, Cui H. Sonic hedgehog pathway contributes to gastric cancer cell growth and proliferation. Biores Open Access 2014; 3:53-9. [PMID: 24804165 PMCID: PMC3995118 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2014.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway is commonly activated in gastrointestinal cancer. However, our understanding of the Shh pathway in gastric cancer remains limited. Here we examined the effects of cyclopamine, a specific inhibitor of the Shh signaling pathway, on cell growth and proliferation in gastric primary cancer cells GAM-016 and the MKN-45 cell line. The results showed that the Shh signaling molecules SHH, PTCH, SMO, GLI1, and GLI2 were intact and activated in both types of cells. Furthermore, we observed that cyclopamine inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation through cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. An in vivo study using NOD/SCID mouse xenografts demonstrated that cyclopamine significantly prevented tumor growth and development. Our study indicated that Shh signaling pathway could promote gastric cancer cell proliferation and tumor development, and blocking this pathway may be a potential strategy in gastric cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
| | - Ji Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University , PLA, Chongqing, China
| | - Hailong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
| | - Mei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
| | - Zhuanqin Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
| | - Yongzhong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University , Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China
| | - Hongjuan Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University , Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ren XP, Zhang QA, Zheng Q. Effect of cyclopamine on expression of VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 in gastric cancer cell line MKN45. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:1527-1532. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i16.1527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of cyclopamine on cell apoptosis and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in gastric cancer cell line MKN45.
METHODS: After MKN45 cells were treated with different concentrations of cyclopamine (7.5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 μmol/L) for different durations, cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, cell apoptosis and cell cycle progression were determined by flow cytometry, and expression of VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNAs was detected by RT-PCR.
RESULTS: Cyclopamine inhibited the growth of MKN45 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The apoptosis rates of MKN45 cells treated with 30, 60, 90 μmol/L of cyclopamine for 24 h were significantly higher than that of non-treated cells (18.45% ± 0.57%, 39.77% ± 0.61%, 68.52% ± 0.89% vs 2.08% ± 0.49%, all P < 0.05). The percentage of cells in G0/G1 phase was increased while that in S phase was decreased in cyclopamine-treated cells, and cell cycle was arrested in G0/G1 phase. Treatment with cyclopamine for 24 h decreased the expression levels of VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9 mRNA in a dose-dependent manner (all P < 0.05).
CONCLUSION: Cyclopamine inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in gastric cancer cell line MKN45 via mechanisms possibly associated with down-regulating the expression of tumor invasion-related genes VEGF, MMP-2 and MMP-9.
Collapse
|