1
|
Manfredi JM, Jacob SI, Boger BL, Norton EM. A one-health approach to identifying and mitigating the impact of endocrine disorders on human and equine athletes. Am J Vet Res 2022; 84:ajvr.22.11.0194. [PMID: 36563063 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.22.11.0194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Endocrinopathies affect multiple species in ever-increasing percentages of their populations, creating an opportunity to apply one-health approaches to determining creative preventative measures and therapies in athletes. Obesity and alterations in insulin and glucose dynamics are medical concerns that play a role in whole-body health and homeostasis in both horses and humans. The role and impact of endocrine disorders on the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems are of particular interest to the athlete. Elucidation of both physiologic and pathophysiologic mechanisms involved in disease processes, starting in utero, is important for development of prevention and treatment strategies for the health and well-being of all species. This review focuses on the unrecognized effects of endocrine disorders associated with the origins of metabolic disease; inflammation at the intersection of endocrine disease and related diseases in the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular, and reproductive systems; novel interventions; and diagnostics that are informed via multiomic and one-health approaches. Readers interested in further details on specific equine performance conditions associated with endocrine disease are invited to read the companion Currents in One Health by Manfredi et al, JAVMA, February 2023.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Manfredi
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Sarah I Jacob
- Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Brooke L Boger
- Comparative Medicine and Integrative Biology, Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigation, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI
| | - Elaine M Norton
- Department of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kharaz YA, Birch H, Chester A, Alchorne E, Simpson D, Clegg P, Comerford E. The effect of exercise on the protein profile of rat knee joint intra- and extra-articular ligaments. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2021; 31:2033-2043. [PMID: 34271594 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Injuries to the intra-articular anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the extra-articular medial collateral ligament (MCL) result in significant knee joint instability, pain, and immobility. Moderate endurance-type exercise can increase ligament strength but little is known on the effect of short-term regular bouts of high-intensity exercise on the extracellular matrix (ECM) structure of knee ligaments. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the effect of short-term regular bouts high exercise on the proteome of the rat ACL and MCL using mass spectrometry. Sprague-Dawley male rats (n = 6) were split into control and exercise groups, and subjected to high-intensity training for four 4 weeks followed by proteomic analyses of the ACL and MCL. Knee joint health status was assessed using OARSI and a validated histological scoring system. Histopathological analyses demonstrated no significant changes in either in cruciate, collateral ligaments, or cartilage between the control and exercised knee joints. However, significant proteins were found to be more abundant in the exercised ACL compared to ACL control group but not between the exercised MCL and control MCL groups. The significant abundant proteins in ACL exercise groups were mostly cytoskeletal, ribosomal and enzymes with several abundant matrisomal proteins such as collagen proteins and proteoglycans being found in this group. In conclusion, our results indicate that short-term regular bouts of high-intensity exercise have an impact on the intra-articular ACL but not extra-articular MCL ECM protein expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalda A Kharaz
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Sciences, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Helen Birch
- Department of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Deborah Simpson
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Peter Clegg
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Sciences, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,School of Veterinary Science, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK
| | - Eithne Comerford
- Department of Musculoskeletal and Ageing Sciences, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.,School of Veterinary Science, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Hulme CH, Peffers MJ, Harrington GMB, Wilson E, Perry J, Roberts S, Gallacher P, Jermin P, Wright KT. Identification of Candidate Synovial Fluid Biomarkers for the Prediction of Patient Outcome After Microfracture or Osteotomy. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:1512-1523. [PMID: 33787363 DOI: 10.1177/0363546521995565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers are needed to predict clinical outcomes for microfracture and osteotomy surgeries to ensure patients can be better stratified to receive the most appropriate treatment. PURPOSE To identify novel biomarker candidates and to investigate the potential of a panel of protein biomarkers for the prediction of clinical outcome after treatment with microfracture or osteotomy. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS To identify novel candidate biomarker proteins, we used label-free quantitation after liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry of dynamic range-compressed synovial fluids (SFs) from individuals who responded excellently or poorly (based on change in Lysholm score) to microfracture (n = 6) or osteotomy (n = 7). Biomarkers that were identified in this proteomic analysis or that relate to osteoarthritis (OA) severity or have predictive value in another early OA therapy (autologous cell implantation) were measured in the SF of 19 and 13 patients before microfracture or osteotomy, respectively, using commercial immunoassays, and were normalized to urea. These were aggrecanase-1 (ADAMTS-4), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), hyaluronan (HA), lymphatic vessel endothelial hyaluronan receptor 1 (LYVE-1), matrix metalloproteinase 1 and 3, soluble CD14, S100 calcium binding protein A13, and 14-3-3 protein theta (YWHAQ). Levels of COMP and HA were also measured in the plasma of these patients. To find predictors of postoperative function, multivariable regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Proteomic analyses highlighted YWHAQ and LYVE-1 as being differentially abundant between the clinical responders/improvers and nonresponders after microfracture. A linear regression model after backward variable selection could relate preoperative concentrations of SF proteins (HA, YWHAQ, LYVE-1), activity of ADAMTS-4, and patient demographic characteristics (smoker status and sex) with Lysholm score 12 months after microfracture. Further, a generalized linear model with elastic net penalization indicated that lower preoperative activity of ADAMTS-4 in SF, being a nonsmoker, and being younger at the time of operation were indicative of a higher postoperative Lysholm score (improved joint function) after osteotomy surgery. CONCLUSION We have identified biomarkers and generated regression models with the potential to predict clinical outcome in patients treated with microfracture or osteotomy of the knee. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Candidate protein biomarkers identified in this study have the potential to help determine which patients will be best suited to treatment with microfracture or osteotomy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte H Hulme
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Gabriel Mateus Bernardo Harrington
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Emma Wilson
- Chester Medical School, Chester University, Chester, UK
| | - Jade Perry
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Sally Roberts
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Pete Gallacher
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Paul Jermin
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Karina T Wright
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Timur UT, Jahr H, Anderson J, Green DC, Emans PJ, Smagul A, van Rhijn LW, Peffers MJ, Welting TJM. Identification of tissue-dependent proteins in knee OA synovial fluid. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2021; 29:124-133. [PMID: 33166667 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE For many proteins from osteoarthritic synovial fluid, their intra-articular tissue of origin remains unknown. In this study we performed comparative proteomics to identify osteoarthritis-specific and joint tissue-dependent secreted proteins that may serve as candidates for osteoarthritis biomarker development on a tissue-specific basis. DESIGN Protein secretomes of cartilage, synovium, Hoffa's fat pad and meniscus from knee osteoarthritis patients were determined using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, followed by label-free quantification. Validation of tissue-dependent protein species was conducted by ELISA on independent samples. Differential proteomes of osteoarthritic and non-osteoarthritic knee synovial fluids were obtained via similar proteomics approach, followed by ELISA validation. RESULTS Proteomics revealed 64 proteins highly secreted from cartilage, 94 from synovium, 37 from Hoffa's fat pad and 21 from meniscus. Proteomic analyses of osteoarthritic vs non-osteoarthritic knee synovial fluid revealed 70 proteins with a relatively higher abundance and 264 proteins with a relatively lower abundance in osteoarthritic synovial fluid. Of the 70 higher abundance proteins, 23 were amongst the most highly expressed in the secretomes of a specific intra-articular tissue measured. Tissue-dependent release was validated for SLPI, C8, CLU, FN1, RARRES2, MATN3, MMP3 and TNC. Abundance in synovial fluid of tissue-dependent proteins was validated for IGF2, AHSG, FN1, CFB, KNG and C8. CONCLUSIONS We identified proteins with a tissue-dependent release from intra-articular human knee OA tissues. A number of these proteins also had an osteoarthritis-specific abundance in knee synovial fluid. These proteins may serve as novel candidates for osteoarthritis biomarker development on a tissue-specific basis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- U T Timur
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - H Jahr
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Wendlingweg 2, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - J Anderson
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - D C Green
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - P J Emans
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - A Smagul
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - L W van Rhijn
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - M J Peffers
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - T J M Welting
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, 6229 ER, Maastricht, the Netherlands; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Maastricht University Medical Center, P.O. Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Impaired chondrocyte U3 snoRNA expression in osteoarthritis impacts the chondrocyte protein translation apparatus. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13426. [PMID: 32778764 PMCID: PMC7417995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70453-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although pathways controlling ribosome activity have been described to regulate chondrocyte homeostasis in osteoarthritis, ribosome biogenesis in osteoarthritis is unexplored. We hypothesized that U3 snoRNA, a non-coding RNA involved in ribosomal RNA maturation, is critical for chondrocyte protein translation capacity in osteoarthritis. U3 snoRNA was one of a number of snoRNAs with decreased expression in osteoarthritic cartilage and osteoarthritic chondrocytes. OA synovial fluid impacted U3 snoRNA expression by affecting U3 snoRNA gene promoter activity, while BMP7 was able to increase its expression. Altering U3 snoRNA expression resulted in changes in chondrocyte phenotype. Interference with U3 snoRNA expression led to reduction of rRNA levels and translational capacity, whilst induced expression of U3 snoRNA was accompanied by increased 18S and 28S rRNA levels and elevated protein translation. Whole proteome analysis revealed a global impact of reduced U3 snoRNA expression on protein translational processes and inflammatory pathways. For the first time we demonstrate implications of a snoRNA in osteoarthritis chondrocyte biology and investigated its role in the chondrocyte differentiation status, rRNA levels and protein translational capacity.
Collapse
|
6
|
Osteoarthritis-related biomarkers profile in chronic anterior cruciate ligament injured knee. Knee 2020; 27:51-60. [PMID: 31926672 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2019.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Increasing evidence has shown the involvement of the innate immune system and inflammatory response in osteoarthritis (OA) pathogenesis; however, anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears are recognized risk factors for development of post-traumatic OA. We investigated (1) whether inflammatory mediators involved in OA pathogenesis are also present at significant concentrations in the knee joint sometime after ACL complete tear and may be considered as prognostic biomarkers of progression to secondary OA; and (2) whether quantification in serum may surrogate synovial fluid (SF) measurements in both cases. METHODS Thirty-seven end-stage OA patients and 33 patients with ACL complete tear that were included on the waiting list for knee surgery were consecutively recruited. Serum and SF samples were taken before surgery, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP1), matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP3), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP1), bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7), regulated upon activation normal t-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), cytokine interferon-γ-induced protein 10 (IP-10) and heat shock protein family A (Hsp70) member 1A (HSPA1A) were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA.) Normally distributed data were compared using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test. Data not normally distributed were analyzed using a nonparametric Mann-Whitney rank sum test. Differences in means were compared using a Student's t-test. Correlations were analyzed using Pearson's coefficient of variation. RESULTS Eighty-seven percent of patients with OA and 86% of those with ACL tear had quantifiable levels of biomarkers in SF. SF levels of IL-6, IL-8, MMP1, MMP3, RANTES, IP-10, BMP7 and HSPA1A were significantly lower in ACL injury knees compared with those with OA, but much higher than those reported in control subjects. Serum levels of IL-6, IP-10, and MMP1 were also lower in patients with ACL tears, who had, however, significantly higher TNF-α, HSPA1A, and TIMP1 levels when compared with OA patients. Levels of biomarkers tested in serum and SF samples were significantly different. CONCLUSIONS Our data propose that cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 and the chemokines RANTES, IP-10, MMP1, MMP3, and HSPA1A may be involved in the inflammatory process leading to synovitis, the central lesion in OA onset and development; persistent high levels of these substances sometime after ACL injury suggest that they could play an etiopathogenic role in the maintenance of the inflammatory environment leading to post-traumatic OA. Serum biomarker levels do not appear to faithfully reflect what occurs inside the joint. Thus, most biomarkers cannot yet be considered as useful inflammatory biomarkers of knee joint diseases.
Collapse
|
7
|
Extracellular matrix composition of connective tissues: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:10542. [PMID: 31332239 PMCID: PMC6646303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46896-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of connective tissues depends on the physical and biochemical properties of their extracellular matrix (ECM), which are in turn dictated by ECM protein composition. With the primary objective of obtaining quantitative estimates for absolute and relative amounts of ECM proteins, we performed a systematic review of papers reporting protein composition of human connective tissues. Articles were included in meta-analysis if they contained absolute or relative quantification of proteins found in the ECM of human bone, adipose tissue, tendon, ligament, cartilage and skeletal muscle. We generated absolute quantitative estimates for collagen in articular cartilage, intervertebral disk (IVD), skeletal muscle, tendon, and adipose tissue. In addition, sulfated glycosaminoglycans were quantified in articular cartilage, tendon and skeletal muscle; total proteoglycans in IVD and articular cartilage, fibronectin in tendon, ligament and articular cartilage, and elastin in tendon and IVD cartilage. We identified significant increases in collagen content in the annulus fibrosus of degenerating IVD and osteoarthritic articular cartilage, and in elastin content in degenerating disc. In contrast, collagen content was decreased in the scoliotic IVD. Finally, we built quantitative whole-tissue component breakdowns. Quantitative estimates improve our understanding of composition of human connective tissues, providing insights into their function in physiology and pathology.
Collapse
|
8
|
Peffers MJ, Smagul A, Anderson JR. Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid: current and potential uses to improve clinical outcomes. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:287-302. [PMID: 30793992 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1578214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Synovial fluid (SF) is in close proximity to tissues which are primarily altered during articular disease and has significant potential to better understand the underlying disease pathogeneses of articular pathologies and biomarker discovery. Although development of mass spectrometry-based methods has allowed faster and higher sensitivity techniques, interrogation of the SF proteome has been hindered by its large protein concentration dynamic range, impeding quantification of lower abundant proteins. Areas covered: Recent advances have developed methodologies to reduce the large protein concentration dynamic range of SF and subsequently allow deeper exploration of the SF proteome. This review concentrates on methods to overcome biofluid complexity, mass spectrometry proteomics methodologies, extracellular vesicles proteomics and the application of advances within the field in clinical disease, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis and juvenile arthritis. A narrative review was conducted with articles searched using PubMed, 1991-2018. Expert opinion: The SF proteomics field faces various challenges, including the requirement for rigorous and standardised methods of sample collection/storage, the sensitivity and specificity of proteomic assays, techniques to combat the large protein concentration dynamic range and comprehensive data analysis to reduce falsely identified markers. Additionally, there are challenges in developing multi 'omic' integration techniques, with computational integration enhancing analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Jayne Peffers
- a Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| | - Aibek Smagul
- a Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| | - James Ross Anderson
- a Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Steinbusch MMF, Caron MMJ, Surtel DAM, van den Akker GGH, van Dijk PJ, Friedrich F, Zabel B, van Rhijn LW, Peffers MJ, Welting TJM. The antiviral protein viperin regulates chondrogenic differentiation via CXCL10 protein secretion. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:5121-5136. [PMID: 30718282 PMCID: PMC6442052 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Viperin (also known as radical SAM domain–containing 2 (RSAD2)) is an interferon-inducible and evolutionary conserved protein that participates in the cell's innate immune response against a number of viruses. Viperin mRNA is a substrate for endoribonucleolytic cleavage by RNase mitochondrial RNA processing (MRP) and mutations in the RNase MRP small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) subunit of the RNase MRP complex cause cartilage-hair hypoplasia (CHH), a human developmental condition characterized by metaphyseal chondrodysplasia and severe dwarfism. It is unknown how CHH-pathogenic mutations in RNase MRP snoRNA interfere with skeletal development, and aberrant processing of RNase MRP substrate RNAs is thought to be involved. We hypothesized that viperin plays a role in chondrogenic differentiation. Using immunohistochemistry, real-time quantitative PCR, immunoblotting, ELISA, siRNA-mediated gene silencing, plasmid-mediated gene overexpression, label-free MS proteomics, and promoter reporter bioluminescence assays, we discovered here that viperin is expressed in differentiating chondrocytic cells and regulates their protein secretion and the outcome of chondrogenic differentiation by influencing transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)/SMAD family 2/3 (SMAD2/3) activity via C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10). Of note, we observed disturbances in this viperin–CXCL10–TGF-β/SMAD2/3 axis in CHH chondrocytic cells. Our results indicate that the antiviral protein viperin controls chondrogenic differentiation by influencing secretion of soluble proteins and identify a molecular route that may explain impaired chondrogenic differentiation of cells from individuals with CHH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy M F Steinbusch
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| | - Marjolein M J Caron
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| | - Don A M Surtel
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| | | | - Paul J van Dijk
- the Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Maastricht University, NL-6202 AZ Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Franziska Friedrich
- the University Heart Centre Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Institute for Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bernhard Zabel
- the Medical Faculty, Otto van Guericke University of Magdeburg, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany, and
| | - Lodewijk W van Rhijn
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- the Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, United Kingdom
| | - Tim J M Welting
- From the Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Trachana V, Mourmoura E, Papathanasiou I, Tsezou A. Understanding the role of chondrocytes in osteoarthritis: utilizing proteomics. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:201-213. [DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1571918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Varvara Trachana
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Evanthia Mourmoura
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioanna Papathanasiou
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Aspasia Tsezou
- Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
- Laboratory of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Turlo AJ, Ashraf Kharaz Y, Clegg PD, Anderson J, Peffers MJ. Donor age affects proteome composition of tenocyte-derived engineered tendon. BMC Biotechnol 2018; 18:2. [PMID: 29338716 PMCID: PMC5771075 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-018-0414-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The concept of tissue engineering is to deliver to the injury site biological scaffolds carrying functional cells that will enhance healing response. The preferred cell source is autologous in order to reduce immune response in the treated individual. However, in elderly patients age-related changes in synthetic activity of the implanted cells and subsequent alterations in tissue protein content may affect therapeutic outcomes. In this study we investigated the effect of donor age on proteome composition of tenocyte-derived tendon tissue-engineered constructs. Results Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to assess the proteome of tissue-engineered constructs derived from young and old equine tenocytes. Ageing was associated with altered extracellular matrix composition, especially accumulation of collagens (type I, III and XIV), and lower cytoskeletal turnover. Proteins involved in cell responsiveness to mechanical stimuli and cell-extracellular matrix interaction (calponin 1, palladin, caldesmon 1, cortactin) were affected. Conclusions This study demonstrated significant changes in proteome of engineered tendon derived from young and old tenocytes, indicating the impact of donor age on composition of autologous constructs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12896-018-0414-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka J Turlo
- Department of Pathology and Veterinary Diagnostics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Warsaw University of Life Science, ul. Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Yalda Ashraf Kharaz
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Peter D Clegg
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - James Anderson
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, William Duncan Building, 6 West Derby Street, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ourradi K, Sharif M. Opportunities and challenges for the discovery and validation of proteomic biomarkers for common arthritic diseases. Biomark Med 2017; 11:877-892. [PMID: 28976778 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are most prevalent among all the rheumatic diseases, and currently, there are no reliable biochemical measures for early diagnosis or for predicting who is likely to progress. Early diagnosis is important for making decisions on treatment options and for better management of patients. This narrative review highlights the first-generation biomarkers identified over the last two decades and focuses on the discovery and validation of candidate OA biomarkers from recent mass-spectrometry-based proteomic studies for diagnosis and monitoring disease outcomes in human. It discusses the challenges and opportunities for discovery of novel biomarkers and progress in the development of techniques for measuring biomarkers, and provides directions for future discovery and validation of biomarkers for OA and rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Ourradi
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Mohammed Sharif
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mueller AJ, Peffers MJ, Proctor CJ, Clegg PD. Systems approaches in osteoarthritis: Identifying routes to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. J Orthop Res 2017; 35:1573-1588. [PMID: 28318047 PMCID: PMC5574007 DOI: 10.1002/jor.23563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Systems orientated research offers the possibility of identifying novel therapeutic targets and relevant diagnostic markers for complex diseases such as osteoarthritis. This review demonstrates that the osteoarthritis research community has been slow to incorporate systems orientated approaches into research studies, although a number of key studies reveal novel insights into the regulatory mechanisms that contribute both to joint tissue homeostasis and its dysfunction. The review introduces both top-down and bottom-up approaches employed in the study of osteoarthritis. A holistic and multiscale approach, where clinical measurements may predict dysregulation and progression of joint degeneration, should be a key objective in future research. The review concludes with suggestions for further research and emerging trends not least of which is the coupled development of diagnostic tests and therapeutics as part of a concerted effort by the osteoarthritis research community to meet clinical needs. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 35:1573-1588, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan J. Mueller
- Faculty of Health and Life SciencesDepartment of Musculoskeletal BiologyInstitute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolWilliam Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby StreetLiverpoolL7 8TXUnited Kingdom
| | - Mandy J. Peffers
- Faculty of Health and Life SciencesDepartment of Musculoskeletal BiologyInstitute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolWilliam Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby StreetLiverpoolL7 8TXUnited Kingdom,The MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA)LiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| | - Carole J. Proctor
- The MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA)LiverpoolUnited Kingdom,Institute of Cellular MedicineNewcastle UniversityFramlington PlaceNewcastle upon TyneNE2 4HHUnited Kingdom
| | - Peter D. Clegg
- Faculty of Health and Life SciencesDepartment of Musculoskeletal BiologyInstitute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolWilliam Henry Duncan Building, 6 West Derby StreetLiverpoolL7 8TXUnited Kingdom,The MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA)LiverpoolUnited Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sanchez C, Bay-Jensen AC, Pap T, Dvir-Ginzberg M, Quasnichka H, Barrett-Jolley R, Mobasheri A, Henrotin Y. Chondrocyte secretome: a source of novel insights and exploratory biomarkers of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:1199-1209. [PMID: 28232143 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.02.797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) of articular cartilage is comprised of complex networks of proteins and glycoproteins, all of which are expressed by its resident cell, the chondrocyte. Cartilage is a unique tissue given its complexity and ability to resist repeated load and deformation. The mechanisms by which articular cartilage maintains its integrity throughout our lifetime is not fully understood, however there are numerous regulatory pathways known to govern ECM turnover in response to mechanical stimuli. To further our understanding of this field, we envision that proteomic analysis of the secretome will provide information on how the chondrocyte remodels the surrounding ECM in response to load, in addition to providing information on the metabolic state of the cell. In this review, we attempt to summarize the recent mass spectrometry-based proteomic discoveries in healthy and diseased cartilage and chondrocytes, to facilitate the discovery of novel biomarkers linked to degenerative pathologies, such as osteoarthritis (OA).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Sanchez
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, Belgium; The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery.
| | - A-C Bay-Jensen
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Department of Rheumatology, Biomarkers and Research, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev Hovedgade 207, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - T Pap
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Institute of Experimental Musculoskeletal Medicine, University Hospital Munster, Domagkstrasse 3, D-48149, Munster, Germany.
| | - M Dvir-Ginzberg
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, P.O. Box 12272, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel.
| | - H Quasnichka
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL, United Kingdom.
| | - R Barrett-Jolley
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.
| | - A Mobasheri
- The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery; Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL, United Kingdom; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Duke of Kent Building, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom; Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, United Kingdom; Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research (CEGMR), King Fahd Medical Research Center (KFMRC), Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Y Henrotin
- Bone and Cartilage Research Unit, Arthropôle Liège, University of Liège, CHU Sart-Tilman, Belgium; The D-BOARD European Consortium for Biomarker Discovery.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ashraf Kharaz Y, Zamboulis D, Sanders K, Comerford E, Clegg P, Peffers M. Comparison between chaotropic and detergent-based sample preparation workflow in tendon for mass spectrometry analysis. Proteomics 2017; 17:1700018. [PMID: 28547889 PMCID: PMC5575552 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201700018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Exploring the tendon proteome is a challenging but important task for understanding the mechanisms of physiological/pathological processes during ageing and disease and for the development of new treatments. Several extraction methods have been utilised for tendon mass spectrometry, however different extraction methods have not been simultaneously compared. In the present study we compared protein extraction in tendon with two chaotropic agents, guanidine hydrochloride (GnHCl) and urea, a detergent, RapiGest™, and their combinations for shotgun mass spectrometry. An initial proteomic analysis was performed following urea, GnHCl, and RapiGest™ extraction of equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT) tissue. Subsequently, another proteomic analysis was performed following extraction with GnHCl, Rapigest™, and their combinations. Between the two chaotropic agents, GnHCl extracted more proteins, whilst a greater number of proteins were solely identified after Rapigest™ extraction. Protein extraction with a combination of GnHCl followed by RapiGest™ on the insoluble pellet demonstrated, after label-free quantification, increased abundance of identified collagen proteins and low sample to sample variability. In contrast, GnHCl extraction on its own showed increased abundance of identified proteoglycans and cellular proteins. Therefore, the selection of protein extraction method for tendon tissue for mass spectrometry analysis should reflect the focus of the study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalda Ashraf Kharaz
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Danae Zamboulis
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Karen Sanders
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Eithne Comerford
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Peter Clegg
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- The MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA)LiverpoolUK
| | - Mandy Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- The MRC‐Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA)LiverpoolUK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hulme CH, Wilson EL, Peffers MJ, Roberts S, Simpson DM, Richardson JB, Gallacher P, Wright KT. Autologous chondrocyte implantation-derived synovial fluids display distinct responder and non-responder proteomic profiles. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:150. [PMID: 28666451 PMCID: PMC5493128 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-017-1336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) can be used in the treatment of focal cartilage injuries to prevent the onset of osteoarthritis (OA). However, we are yet to understand fully why some individuals do not respond well to this intervention. Identification of a reliable and accurate biomarker panel that can predict which patients are likely to respond well to ACI is needed in order to assign the patient to the most appropriate therapy. This study aimed to compare the baseline and mid-treatment proteomic profiles of synovial fluids (SFs) obtained from responders and non-responders to ACI. Methods SFs were derived from 14 ACI responders (mean Lysholm improvement of 33 (17–54)) and 13 non-responders (mean Lysholm decrease of 14 (4–46)) at the two stages of surgery (cartilage harvest and chondrocyte implantation). Label-free proteome profiling of dynamically compressed SFs was used to identify predictive markers of ACI success or failure and to investigate the biological pathways involved in the clinical response to ACI. Results Only 1 protein displayed a ≥2.0-fold differential abundance in the preclinical SF of ACI responders versus non-responders. However, there is a marked difference between these two groups with regard to their proteome shift in response to cartilage harvest, with 24 and 92 proteins showing ≥2.0-fold differential abundance between Stages I and II in responders and non-responders, respectively. Proteomic data has been uploaded to ProteomeXchange (identifier: PXD005220). We have validated two biologically relevant protein changes associated with this response, demonstrating that matrix metalloproteinase 1 was prominently elevated and S100 calcium binding protein A13 was reduced in response to cartilage harvest in non-responders. Conclusions The differential proteomic response to cartilage harvest noted in responders versus non-responders is completely novel. Our analyses suggest several pathways which appear to be altered in non-responders that are worthy of further investigation to elucidate the mechanisms of ACI failure. These protein changes highlight many putative biomarkers that may have potential for prediction of ACI treatment success.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte H Hulme
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Emma L Wilson
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK.,Institute of Medicine, Chester University, Chester, UK
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sally Roberts
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Deborah M Simpson
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - James B Richardson
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Pete Gallacher
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Karina T Wright
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK. .,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kharaz YA, Tew SR, Peffers M, Canty-Laird EG, Comerford E. Proteomic differences between native and tissue-engineered tendon and ligament. Proteomics 2017; 16:1547-56. [PMID: 27080496 PMCID: PMC5132062 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Tendons and ligaments (T/Ls) play key roles in the musculoskeletal system, but they are susceptible to traumatic or age‐related rupture, leading to severe morbidity as well as increased susceptibility to degenerative joint diseases such as osteoarthritis. Tissue engineering represents an attractive therapeutic approach to treating T/L injury but it is hampered by our poor understanding of the defining characteristics of the two tissues. The present study aimed to determine differences in the proteomic profile between native T/Ls and tissue engineered (TE) T/L constructs. The canine long digital extensor tendon and anterior cruciate ligament were analyzed along with 3D TE fibrin‐based constructs created from their cells. Native tendon and ligament differed in their content of key structural proteins, with the ligament being more abundant in fibrocartilaginous proteins. 3D T/L TE constructs contained less extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and had a greater proportion of cellular‐associated proteins than native tissue, corresponding to their low collagen and high DNA content. Constructs were able to recapitulate native T/L tissue characteristics particularly with regard to ECM proteins. However, 3D T/L TE constructs had similar ECM and cellular protein compositions indicating that cell source may not be an important factor for T/L tissue engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yalda A Kharaz
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK
| | - Simon R Tew
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK
| | - Mandy Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK.,The MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Liverpool, UK
| | - Elizabeth G Canty-Laird
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK.,The MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Integrated Research into Musculoskeletal Ageing (CIMA), Liverpool, UK
| | - Eithne Comerford
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston, UK
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Adaba RI, Mann G, Raab A, Houssen WE, McEwan AR, Thomas L, Tabudravu J, Naismith JH, Jaspars M. Accurate quantification of modified cyclic peptides without the need for authentic standards. Tetrahedron 2016; 72:8603-8609. [PMID: 32818002 PMCID: PMC7115945 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2016.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing interest in the use of cyclic peptides as therapeutics, but their efficient production is often the bottleneck in taking them forward in the development pipeline. We have recently developed a method to synthesise azole-containing cyclic peptides using enzymes derived from different cyanobactin biosynthetic pathways. Accurate quantification is crucial for calculation of the reaction yield and for the downstream biological testing of the products. In this study, we demonstrate the development and validation of two methods to accurately quantify these compounds in the reaction mixture and after purification. The first method involves the use of a HPLC coupled in parallel to an ESMS and an ICPMS, hence correlating the calculated sulfur content to the amount of cyclic peptide. The second method is an NMR ERETIC method for quantifying the solution concentration of cyclic peptides. These methods make the quantification of new compounds much easier as there is no need for the use of authentic standards when they are not available.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosemary I. Adaba
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen. AB24 3UE, UK
| | - Greg Mann
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Andrea Raab
- TESLA, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, UK
| | - Wael E. Houssen
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen. AB24 3UE, UK
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
- Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Andrew R. McEwan
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen. AB24 3UE, UK
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Louise Thomas
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen. AB24 3UE, UK
- Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Jioji Tabudravu
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen. AB24 3UE, UK
| | - James H. Naismith
- Biomedical Sciences Research Complex, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, UK
| | - Marcel Jaspars
- Marine Biodiscovery Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Aberdeen, Meston Walk, Aberdeen. AB24 3UE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Peffers MJ, Collins J, Loughlin J, Proctor C, Clegg PD. A proteomic analysis of chondrogenic, osteogenic and tenogenic constructs from ageing mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2016; 7:133. [PMID: 27624072 PMCID: PMC5022190 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-016-0384-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have prospective applications in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering but to what extent phenotype and differentiation capacity alter with ageing is uncertain. Consequently, any loss in functionality with age would have profound consequences for the maintenance of tissue viability and the quality of tissues. Proteomics enables the set of proteins responsible for a particular cell phenotype to be identified, as well as enabling insights into mechanisms responsible for age-related alterations in musculoskeletal tissues. Few proteomic studies have been undertaken regarding age-related effects on tissue engineered into cartilage and bone, and none for tendon. This study provides a proteome inventory for chondrogenic, osteogenic and tenogenic constructs synthesised from human MSCs, and elucidates proteomic alterations as a consequence of donor age. Methods Human bone-marrow derived MSCs from young (n = 4, 21.8 years ± 2.4SD) and old (n = 4, 65.5 years ± 8.3SD) donors were used to make chondrogenic, osteogenic and tenogenic tissue-engineered constructs. We utilised an analytical method relying on extracted peptide intensities as a label-free approach for peptide quantitation by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. Results were validated using western blotting. Results We identified proteins that were differentially expressed with ageing; 128 proteins in chondrogenic constructs, 207 in tenogenic constructs and four in osteogenic constructs. Differentially regulated proteins were subjected to bioinformatic analysis to ascertain their molecular functions and the signalling pathways. For all construct types, age-affected proteins were involved in altered cell survival and death, and antioxidant and cytoskeletal changes. Energy and protein metabolism were the principle pathways affected in tenogenic constructs, whereas lipid metabolism was strongly affected in chondrogenic constructs and mitochondrial dysfunction in osteogenic constructs. Conclusions Our results imply that further work on MSC-based therapeutics for the older population needs to focus on oxidative stress protection. The differentially regulated proteome characterised by this study can potentially guide translational research specifically aimed at effective clinical interventions. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13287-016-0384-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy J Peffers
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK. .,Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, The University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - John Collins
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| | - John Loughlin
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Carole Proctor
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.,Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE4 5PL, UK
| | - Peter D Clegg
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, CH64 7TE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Anatomical heterogeneity of tendon: Fascicular and interfascicular tendon compartments have distinct proteomic composition. Sci Rep 2016; 6:20455. [PMID: 26842662 PMCID: PMC4740843 DOI: 10.1038/srep20455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendon is a simple aligned fibre composite, consisting of collagen-rich fascicles surrounded by a softer interfascicular matrix (IFM). The composition and interactions between these material phases are fundamental in ensuring tissue mechanics meet functional requirements. However the IFM is poorly defined, therefore tendon structure-function relationships are incompletely understood. We hypothesised that the IFM has a more complex proteome, with faster turnover than the fascicular matrix (FM). Using laser-capture microdissection and mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that the IFM contains more proteins, and that many proteins show differential abundance between matrix phases. The IFM contained more protein fragments (neopeptides), indicating greater matrix degradation in this compartment, which may act to maintain healthy tendon structure. Protein abundance did not alter with ageing, but neopeptide numbers decreased in the aged IFM, indicating decreased turnover which may contribute to age-related tendon injury. These data provide important insights into how differences in tendon composition and turnover contribute to tendon structure-function relationships and the effects of ageing.
Collapse
|
21
|
Peffers MJ, Thornton DJ, Clegg PD. Characterization of neopeptides in equine articular cartilage degradation. J Orthop Res 2016; 34:106-20. [PMID: 26124002 PMCID: PMC4737130 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is characterized by a loss of extracellular matrix that leads to cartilage degradation and joint space narrowing. Specific proteases, including the aggrecanases ADAMTS-4 and matrix metalloproteinase 3, are important in initiating and promoting cartilage degradation in osteoarthritis. This study investigated protease-specific and disease-specific cleavage patterns of particular extracellular matrix proteins by comparing new peptide fragments, neopeptides, in specific exogenous protease-driven digestion of a crude cartilage proteoglycan extract and an in-vitro model of early osteoarthritis. Additionally, equine cartilage explants were treated with interleukin-1 and the media collected. Proteolytic cleavage products following trypsin digestion were then identified using tandem mass spectrometry. Complete sequences of proteolytically cleaved neopeptides were determined for the major cartilage proteoglycans aggrecan, biglycan, decorin, fibromodulin plus cartilage oligomeric matrix protein. The generation of neopeptides varied with enzyme specificity; however, some peptides were common to all samples. Previous known and novel cleavage sites were identifies. The identification of novel peptide fragments provides a platform for the development of antibodies that could assist in the identification of biomarkers for osteoarthritis (OA), as well as the identification of basic biochemical processes underlying OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Jayne Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal BiologyInstitute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of Liverpool, LeahurstChester High RoadNestonWirralCH64 7TEUK
| | - David James Thornton
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell Matrix ResearchFaculty of Life SciencesMichael Smith BuildingOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PTUK
| | - Peter David Clegg
- Department of Musculoskeletal BiologyInstitute of Ageing and Chronic DiseaseUniversity of Liverpool, LeahurstChester High RoadNestonWirralCH64 7TEUK
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Cong Y, Zhang Z, Zhang S, Hu L, Gu J. Quantitative MS analysis of therapeutic mAbs and their glycosylation for pharmacokinetics study. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 10:303-14. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2015] [Revised: 10/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Cong
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; Changchun China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry; National Chromatographic R&A Center; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
| | - Zhang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry; National Chromatographic R&A Center; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
| | - Shen Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Sciences for Analytical Chemistry; National Chromatographic R&A Center; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian China
| | - Lianghai Hu
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; Changchun China
| | - Jingkai Gu
- Research Center for Drug Metabolism; School of Life Sciences; Jilin University; Changchun China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Human genome-wide expression analysis reorients the study of inflammatory mediators and biomechanics in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1939-45. [PMID: 26521740 PMCID: PMC4630670 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A major objective of this article is to examine the research implications of recently available genome-wide expression profiles of cartilage from human osteoarthritis (OA) joints. We propose that, when viewed in the light of extensive earlier work, this novel data provides a unique opportunity to reorient the design of experimental systems toward clinical relevance. Specifically, in the area of cartilage explant biology, this will require a fresh evaluation of existing paradigms, so as to optimize the choices of tissue source, cytokine/growth factor/nutrient addition, and biomechanical environment for discovery. Within this context, we firstly discuss the literature on the nature and role of potential catabolic mediators in OA pathology, including data from human OA cartilage, animal models of OA, and ex vivo studies. Secondly, due to the number and breadth of studies on IL-1β in this area, a major focus of the article is a critical analysis of the design and interpretation of cartilage studies where IL-1β has been used as a model cytokine. Thirdly, the article provides a data-driven perspective (including genome-wide analysis of clinical samples, studies on mutant mice, and clinical trials), which concludes that IL-1β should be replaced by soluble mediators such as IL-17 or TGF-β1, which are much more likely to mimic the disease in OA model systems. We also discuss the evidence that changes in early OA can be attributed to the activity of such soluble mediators, whereas late-stage disease results more from a chronic biomechanical effect on the matrix and cells of the remaining cartilage and on other local mediator-secreting cells. Lastly, an updated protocol for in vitro studies with cartilage explants and chondrocytes (including the use of specific gene expression arrays) is provided to motivate more disease-relevant studies on the interplay of cytokines, growth factors, and biomechanics on cellular behavior.
Collapse
|
24
|
Aging-related inflammation in osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1966-71. [PMID: 26521742 PMCID: PMC4630808 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 01/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is well accepted that aging is an important contributing factor to the development of osteoarthritis (OA). The mechanisms responsible appear to be multifactorial and may include an age-related pro-inflammatory state that has been termed "inflamm-aging." Age-related inflammation can be both systemic and local. Systemic inflammation can be promoted by aging changes in adipose tissue that result in increased production of cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα). Numerous studies have shown an age-related increase in blood levels of IL-6 that has been associated with decreased physical function and frailty. Importantly, higher levels of IL-6 have been associated with an increased risk of knee OA progression. However, knockout of IL-6 in male mice resulted in worse age-related OA rather than less OA. Joint tissue cells, including chondrocytes and meniscal cells, as well as the neighboring infrapatellar fat in the knee joint, can be a local source of inflammatory mediators that increase with age and contribute to OA. An increased production of pro-inflammatory mediators that include cytokines and chemokines, as well as matrix-degrading enzymes important in joint tissue destruction, can be the result of cell senescence and the development of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Further studies are needed to better understand the basis for inflamm-aging and its role in OA with the hope that this work will lead to new interventions targeting inflammation to reduce not only joint tissue destruction but also pain and disability in older adults with OA.
Collapse
|
25
|
Ruiz-Romero C, Fernández-Puente P, Calamia V, Blanco FJ. Lessons from the proteomic study of osteoarthritis. Expert Rev Proteomics 2015; 12:433-43. [PMID: 26152498 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2015.1065182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is the most common rheumatic pathology and one of the leading causes of disability worldwide. It is a very complex disease whose etiopathogenesis is not fully understood. Furthermore, there are serious limitations for its management, since it lacks specific and sensitive biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutic monitoring. Proteomic approaches performed in the last few decades have contributed to the knowledge on the molecular mechanisms that participate in this pathology and they have also led to interesting panels of putative biomarker candidates. In the next few years, further efforts should be made for translating these findings into the clinical routines. It is expected that targeted proteomics strategies will be highly valuable for the verification and qualification of biomarkers of osteoarthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ruiz-Romero
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Peffers MJ, McDermott B, Clegg PD, Riggs CM. Comprehensive protein profiling of synovial fluid in osteoarthritis following protein equalization. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2015; 23:1204-13. [PMID: 25819577 PMCID: PMC4528073 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to characterise the protein complement of synovial fluid (SF) in health and osteoarthritis (OA) using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) following peptide-based depletion of high abundance proteins. DESIGN SF was used from nine normal and nine OA Thoroughbred horses. Samples were analysed with LC-MS/MS using a NanoAcquity™ LC coupled to an LTQ Orbitrap Velos. In order to enrich the lower-abundance protein fractions protein equalisation was first undertaken using ProteoMiner™. Progenesis-QI™ LC-MS software was used for label-free quantification. In addition immunohistochemistry, western blotting and mRNA expression analysis was undertaken on selected joint tissues. RESULTS The number of protein identifications was increased by 33% in the ProteoMiner™ treated SF compared to undepleted SF. A total of 764 proteins (462 with≥2 significant peptides) were identified in SF. A subset of 10 proteins were identified which were differentially expressed in OA SF. S100-A10, a calcium binding protein was upregulated in OA and validated with western blotting and immunohistochemistry. Several new OA specific peptide fragments (neopeptides) were identified. CONCLUSION The protein equalisation method compressed the dynamic range of the synovial proteins identifying the most comprehensive SF proteome to date. A number of proteins were identified for the first time in SF which may be involved in the pathogenesis of OA. We identified a distinct set of proteins and neopeptides that may act as potential biomarkers to distinguish between normal and OA joints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Peffers
- Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - B McDermott
- Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - P D Clegg
- Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - C M Riggs
- Hong Kong Jockey Club, Equine Hospital, Sha Tin Racecourse, New Territories, Hong Kong.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
The high degree of protein sequence similarity in the MUPs (major urinary proteins) poses considerable challenges for their individual differentiation, analysis and quantification. In the present review, we discuss MS approaches for MUP quantification, at either the protein or the peptide level. In particular, we describe an approach to multiplexed quantification based on the design and synthesis of novel proteins (QconCATs) that are concatamers of quantification standards, providing a simple route to the generation of a set of stable-isotope-labelled peptide standards. The MUPs pose a particular challenge to QconCAT design, because of their sequence similarity and the limited number of peptides that can be used to construct the standards. Such difficulties can be overcome by careful attention to the analytical workflow.
Collapse
|
28
|
Svala E, Löfgren M, Sihlbom C, Rüetschi U, Lindahl A, Ekman S, Skiöldebrand E. An inflammatory equine model demonstrates dynamic changes of immune response and cartilage matrix molecule degradation in vitro. Connect Tissue Res 2015; 56:315-25. [PMID: 25803623 DOI: 10.3109/03008207.2015.1027340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The molecular aspects of inflammation were investigated in equine articular cartilage explants using quantitative proteomics. Articular cartilage explants were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1β in vitro for 25 days, and proteins released into cell culture media were chemically labeled with isobaric mass tags and analyzed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 127 proteins were identified and quantified in media from explants. IL-1β-stimulation resulted in an abundance of proteins related to inflammation, including matrix metalloproteinases, acute phase proteins, complement components and IL-6. Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules were released at different time points, and fragmentation of aggrecan and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein was observed at days 3 and 6, similar to early-stage OA in vivo. Degradation products of the collagenous network were observed at days 18 and 22, similar to late-stage OA. This model displays a longitudinal quantification of released molecules from the ECM of articular cartilage. Identification of dynamic changes of extracellular matrix molecules in the secretome of equine explants stimulated with IL-1β over time may be useful for identifying components released at different time points during the spontaneous OA process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Svala
- Section of Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Veterinary Public Health, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences , Uppsala , Sweden
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Boris Chan PM, Zhu L, Wen CY, Chiu KY. Subchondral bone proteomics in osteoarthritis: Current status and perspectives. J Orthop Translat 2015; 3:71-77. [PMID: 30035042 PMCID: PMC5982390 DOI: 10.1016/j.jot.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 02/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common degenerative joint disorder. OA was conceived as a “wear and tear” problem of articular cartilage, yet there is a lack of treatment options to delay or rescue articular cartilage degeneration once it is established. Actually, the degradation of articular cartilage is related to a complex network of biochemical pathways involving the diffusion of catabolic factors within and between different joint tissues and particularly bone and cartilage. Advanced proteomics technology provides a powerful tool to allow us to build up a library of such factors. Factors that govern the bone-cartilage interplay could be the candidate diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OA. Currently, a growing body of proteomic studies has been done to unveil a number of inflammatory cytokines, proteases, and cartilaginous matrix cleavages in the blood serum, synovial fluid, and articular cartilage from OA patients. Little information is available regarding the protein profiles of disturbances at subchondral bone in the pathophysiology of OA. The technical difficulties in protein extraction from tissues particularly bone and quantitative analyses of protein profile are discussed; cellular proteomics of the defective osteoblasts and secretomics for the osteoblasts–chondrocytes crosstalk are proposed to supplement the information obtained from the bone tissue proteomics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pok Man Boris Chan
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lin Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chun Yi Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
- Corresponding authors. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, L9-12, Lab Block, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Kwong Yuen Chiu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong, China
- Corresponding authors. Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, L9-12, Lab Block, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Peffers MJ, Fang Y, Cheung K, Wei TKJ, Clegg PD, Birch HL. Transcriptome analysis of ageing in uninjured human Achilles tendon. Arthritis Res Ther 2015; 17:33. [PMID: 25888722 PMCID: PMC4355574 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-015-0544-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The risk of tendon injury and disease increases significantly with increasing age. The aim of the study was to characterise transcriptional changes in human Achilles tendon during the ageing process in order to identify molecular signatures that might contribute to age-related degeneration. METHODS RNA for gene expression analysis using RNA-Seq and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis was isolated from young and old macroscopically normal human Achilles tendon. RNA sequence libraries were prepared following ribosomal RNA depletion, and sequencing was undertaken by using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. Expression levels among genes were compared by using fragments per kilobase of exon per million fragments mapped. Differentially expressed genes were defined by using Benjamini-Hochberg false discovery rate approach (P<0.05, expression ratios 1.4 log2 fold change). Alternative splicing of exon variants were also examined by using Cufflinks. The functional significance of genes that showed differential expression between young and old tendon was determined by using ingenuity pathway analysis. RESULTS In total, the expression of 325 transcribed elements, including protein-coding transcripts and non-coding transcripts (small non-coding RNAs, pseudogenes, long non-coding RNAs and a single microRNA), was significantly different in old compared with young tendon (±1.4 log2 fold change, P<0.05). Of these, 191 were at higher levels in older tendon and 134 were at lower levels in older tendon. The top networks for genes differentially expressed with tendon age were from cellular function, cellular growth, and cellular cycling pathways. Notable differential transcriptome changes were also observed in alternative splicing patterns. Several of the top gene ontology terms identified in downregulated isoforms in old tendon related to collagen and post-translational modification of collagen. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates dynamic alterations in RNA with age at numerous genomic levels, indicating changes in the regulation of transcriptional networks. The results suggest that ageing is not primarily associated with loss of ability to synthesise matrix proteins and matrix-degrading enzymes. In addition, we have identified non-coding RNA genes and differentially expressed transcript isoforms of known matrix components with ageing which require further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Jayne Peffers
- Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - Yongxiang Fang
- Centre for Genomic Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Biosciences Building, Crown Street, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Kathleen Cheung
- Musculoskeletal Research Group, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.
| | - Tim Koh Jia Wei
- School of Life Sciences and Chemical Technology, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, 535 Clementi Road, Singapore, 599489, Singapore.
| | - Peter David Clegg
- Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst, Chester High Road, Neston, Wirral, CH64 7TE, UK.
| | - Helen Lucy Birch
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, University College London, Stanmore Campus, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Brockley Hill, Stanmore, HA7 4LP, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Ruiz-Romero C, Calamia V, Albar JP, Casal JI, Corrales FJ, Fernández-Puente P, Gil C, Mateos J, Vivanco F, Blanco FJ. The Spanish biology/disease initiative within the human proteome project: Application to rheumatic diseases. J Proteomics 2015; 127:406-13. [PMID: 25686859 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2015.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The Spanish Chromosome 16 consortium is integrated in the global initiative Human Proteome Project, which aims to develop an entire map of the proteins encoded following a gene-centric strategy (C-HPP) in order to make progress in the understanding of human biology in health and disease (B/D-HPP). Chromosome 16 contains many genes encoding proteins involved in the development of a broad range of diseases, which have a significant impact on the health care system. The Spanish HPP consortium has developed a B/D platform with five programs focused on selected medical areas: cancer, obesity, cardiovascular, infectious and rheumatic diseases. Each of these areas has a clinical leader associated to a proteomic investigator with the responsibility to get a comprehensive understanding of the proteins encoded by Chromosome 16 genes. Proteomics strategies have enabled great advances in the area of rheumatic diseases, particularly in osteoarthritis, with studies performed on joint cells, tissues and fluids. BIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE In this manuscript we describe how the Spanish HPP-16 consortium has developed a B/D platform with five programs focused on selected medical areas: cancer, obesity, cardiovascular, infectious and rheumatic diseases. Each of these areas has a clinical leader associated to a proteomic investigator with the responsibility to get a comprehensive understanding of the proteins encoded by Chromosome 16 genes. We show how the Proteomic strategy has enabled great advances in the area of rheumatic diseases, particularly in osteoarthritis, with studies performed on joint cells, tissues and fluids. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: HUPO 2014.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Ruiz-Romero
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; CIBER-BBN Instituto de Salud Carlos III, INIBIC-CHUAC, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Valentina Calamia
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Juan Pablo Albar
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología - CSIC, UAM Campus Cantoblanco, Darwin, 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Ignacio Casal
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Functional Proteomics, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB-CSIC), Ramiro de Maeztu 9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando J Corrales
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Navarra, Pío XII, 55; Ed. CIMA, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Patricia Fernández-Puente
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Concha Gil
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Departamento de Microbiología II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Plaza de Ramón y Cajal, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Mateos
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Fernando Vivanco
- ProteoRed-ISCIII, Department of Immunology, IIS-Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J Blanco
- Rheumatology Division, ProteoRed/ISCIII Proteomics Group, INIBIC - Hospital Universitario de A Coruña, 15006 A Coruña, Spain; RIER-RED de Inflamación y Enfermedades Reumáticas, INIBIC-CHUAC, A Coruña, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Thorpe CT, Chaudhry S, Lei II, Varone A, Riley GP, Birch HL, Clegg PD, Screen HRC. Tendon overload results in alterations in cell shape and increased markers of inflammation and matrix degradation. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2014; 25:e381-91. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. T. Thorpe
- Institute of Bioengineering; School of Engineering and Materials Science; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - S. Chaudhry
- Institute of Bioengineering; School of Engineering and Materials Science; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - I. I. Lei
- Institute of Bioengineering; School of Engineering and Materials Science; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - A. Varone
- Institute of Bioengineering; School of Engineering and Materials Science; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| | - G. P. Riley
- School of Biological Sciences; University of East Anglia; Norwich UK
| | - H. L. Birch
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science; University College London; Stanmore UK
| | - P. D. Clegg
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology; Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease; University of Liverpool; Neston UK
| | - H. R. C. Screen
- Institute of Bioengineering; School of Engineering and Materials Science; Queen Mary University of London; London UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
Our friend and colleague, Dr. Dick Heinegård, contributed greatly to the understanding of joint tissue biochemistry, the discovery and validation of arthritis-related biomarkers and the establishment of methodology for proteomic studies in osteoarthritis (OA). To date, discovery of OA-related biomarkers has focused on cartilage, synovial fluid and serum. Methods, such as affinity depletion and hyaluronidase treatment have facilitated proteomics discovery research from these sources. Osteoarthritis usually involves multiple joints; this characteristic makes it easier to detect OA with a systemic biomarker but makes it hard to delineate abnormalities of individual affected joints. Although the abundance of cartilage proteins in urine may generally be lower than other tissue/sample sources, the protein composition of urine is much less complex and its collection is non-invasive thereby facilitating the development of patient friendly biomarkers. To date however, relatively few proteomics studies have been conducted in OA urine. Proteomics strategies have identified many proteins that may relate to pathological mechanisms of OA. Further targeted approaches to validate the role of these proteins in OA are needed. Herein we summarize recent proteomic studies related to joint tissues and the cohorts used; a clear understanding of the cohorts is important for this work as we expect that the decisive discoveries of OA-related biomarkers rely on comprehensive phenotyping of healthy non-OA and OA subjects. Besides the common phenotyping criteria that include, gender, age, and body mass index (BMI), it is essential to collect data on symptoms and signs of OA outside the index joints and to bolster this with objective imaging data whenever possible to gain the most precise appreciation of the total burden of disease. Proteomic studies on systemic biospecimens, such as serum and urine, rely on comprehensive phenotyping data to unravel the true meaning of the proteomic results.
Collapse
|
34
|
Peffers MJ, Thorpe CT, Collins JA, Eong R, Wei TKJ, Screen HRC, Clegg PD. Proteomic analysis reveals age-related changes in tendon matrix composition, with age- and injury-specific matrix fragmentation. J Biol Chem 2014; 289:25867-78. [PMID: 25077967 PMCID: PMC4162187 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.566554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy storing tendons, such as the human Achilles and equine superficial digital flexor tendon (SDFT), are highly prone to injury, the incidence of which increases with aging. The cellular and molecular mechanisms that result in increased injury in aged tendons are not well established but are thought to result in altered matrix turnover. However, little attempt has been made to fully characterize the tendon proteome nor determine how the abundance of specific tendon proteins changes with aging and/or injury. The aim of this study was, therefore, to assess the protein profile of normal SDFTs from young and old horses using label-free relative quantification to identify differentially abundant proteins and peptide fragments between age groups. The protein profile of injured SDFTs from young and old horses was also assessed. The results demonstrate distinct proteomic profiles in young and old tendon, with alterations in the levels of proteins involved in matrix organization and regulation of cell tension. Furthermore, we identified several new peptide fragments (neopeptides) present in aged tendons, suggesting that there are age-specific cleavage patterns within the SDFT. Proteomic profile also differed between young and old injured tendon, with a greater number of neopeptides identified in young injured tendon. This study has increased the knowledge of molecular events associated with tendon aging and injury, suggesting that maintenance and repair of tendon tissue may be reduced in aged individuals and may help to explain why the risk of injury increases with aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mandy J Peffers
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE
| | - Chavaunne T Thorpe
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, and
| | - John A Collins
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE
| | - Robin Eong
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, School of Life Sciences, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore 599489
| | - Timothy K J Wei
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE, School of Life Sciences, Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore 599489
| | - Hazel R C Screen
- Institute of Bioengineering, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, and
| | - Peter D Clegg
- From the Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Leahurst Campus, Neston CH64 7TE
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Peffers MJ, Cillero-Pastor B, Eijkel GB, Clegg PD, Heeren RMA. Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging identifies markers of ageing and osteoarthritic cartilage. Arthritis Res Ther 2014; 16:R110. [PMID: 24886698 PMCID: PMC4095688 DOI: 10.1186/ar4560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cartilage protein distribution and the changes that occur in cartilage ageing and disease are essential in understanding the process of cartilage ageing and age related diseases such as osteoarthritis. The aim of this study was to investigate the peptide profiles in ageing and osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage sections using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI). METHODS The distribution of proteins in young, old and OA equine cartilage was compared following tryptic digestion of cartilage slices and MALDI-MSI undertaken with a MALDI SYNAPT™ HDMS system. Protein identification was undertaken using database searches following multivariate analysis. Peptide intensity differences between young, ageing and OA cartilage were imaged with Biomap software. Analysis of aggrecanase specific cleavage patterns of a crude cartilage proteoglycan extract were used to validate some of the differences in peptide intensity identified. Immunohistochemistry studies validated the differences in protein abundance. RESULTS Young, old and OA equine cartilage was discriminated based on their peptide signature using discriminant analysis. Proteins including aggrecan core protein, fibromodulin, and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were identified and localised. Fibronectin peptides displayed a stronger intensity in OA cartilage. Age-specific protein markers for collectin-43 and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein were identified. In addition potential fibromodulin and biglycan peptides targeted for degradation in OA were detected. CONCLUSIONS MALDI-MSI provided a novel platform to study cartilage ageing and disease enabling age and disease specific peptides in cartilage to be elucidated and spatially resolved.
Collapse
|
36
|
Classical MALDI-MS versus CE-based ESI-MS proteomic profiling in urine for clinical applications. Bioanalysis 2014; 6:247-66. [DOI: 10.4155/bio.13.313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human urine is an attractive and informative biofluid for medical diagnosis, which has been shown to reflect the (patho)-physiology of not only the urogenital system, but also others such as the cardiovascular system. For this reason, many studies have concentrated on the study of the urine proteome, aiming to find relevant biomarkers that could be applied in a clinical setting. However, this goal can only be achieved after reliable quantitative and qualitative analysis of the urinary proteome. In the last two decades, MS-based platforms have evolved to become indispensable tools for biomarker research. In this review, we will present and compare two of the most clinically relevant analytical platforms that have been used for the study of the urinary proteome, namely CE-based ESI-MS and classical MALDI-MS. These platforms, although not directly comparable, have been extensively used in proteomic profiling and therefore their comparison is fundamentally relevant to this field.
Collapse
|