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Kay EJ, Zanivan S, Rufini A. Proline metabolism shapes the tumor microenvironment: from collagen deposition to immune evasion. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 84:103011. [PMID: 37864905 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.103011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023]
Abstract
Proline is a nonessential amino acid, and its metabolism has been implicated in numerous malignancies. Together with a direct role in regulating cancer cells' proliferation and survival, proline metabolism plays active roles in shaping the tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) display high rates of proline biosynthesis to support the production of collagen for the extracellular matrix (ECM). Indeed, impaired proline metabolism in CAFs results in reduced collagen deposition and compromises the growth and metastatic spread of cancer. Moreover, the rate of proline metabolism regulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which influence the production and release of cytokines from cancer cells, contributing toward an immune-permissive TME. Hence, targeting proline metabolism is a promising anticancer strategy that could improve patients' outcome and response to immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Kay
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK
| | - Sara Zanivan
- CRUK Beatson Institute, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; School of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK.
| | - Alessandro Rufini
- Dipartimento di Bioscienze, University of Milan, Via Celoria 26, 20133 Milan, Italy; Leicester Cancer Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
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2
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Young ON, Bourke JE, Widdop RE. Catch your breath: The protective role of the angiotensin AT 2 receptor for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 217:115839. [PMID: 37778444 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive interstitial lung disease whereby excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins (ECM) ultimately leads to respiratory failure. While there have been advances in pharmacotherapies for pulmonary fibrosis, IPF remains an incurable and irreversible disease. There remains an unmet clinical need for treatments that reverse fibrosis, or at the very least have a more tolerable side effect profile than currently available treatments. Transforming growth factor β1(TGFβ1) is considered the main driver of fibrosis in IPF. However, as our understanding of the role of the pulmonary renin-angiotensin system (PRAS) in the pathogenesis of IPF increases, it is becoming clear that targeting angiotensin receptors represents a potential novel treatment strategy for IPF - in particular, via activation of the anti-fibrotic angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R). This review describes the current understanding of the pathophysiology of IPF and the mediators implicated in its pathogenesis; focusing on TGFβ1, angiotensin II and related peptides in the PRAS and their contribution to fibrotic processes in the lung. Preclinical and clinical assessment of currently available AT2R agonists and the development of novel, highly selective ligands for this receptor will also be described, with a focus on compound 21, currently in clinical trials for IPF. Collectively, this review provides evidence of the potential of AT2R as a novel therapeutic target for IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia N Young
- Department of Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jane E Bourke
- Department of Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Robert E Widdop
- Department of Pharmacology and Cardiovascular Disease Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.
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3
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Copeland CA, Olenchock BA, Ziehr D, McGarrity S, Leahy K, Young JD, Loscalzo J, Oldham WM. MYC overrides HIF-1α to regulate proliferating primary cell metabolism in hypoxia. eLife 2023; 12:e82597. [PMID: 37428010 DOI: 10.7554/elife.82597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia requires metabolic adaptations to sustain energetically demanding cellular activities. While the metabolic consequences of hypoxia have been studied extensively in cancer cell models, comparatively little is known about how primary cell metabolism responds to hypoxia. Thus, we developed metabolic flux models for human lung fibroblast and pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells proliferating in hypoxia. Unexpectedly, we found that hypoxia decreased glycolysis despite activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and increased glycolytic enzyme expression. While HIF-1α activation in normoxia by prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) inhibition did increase glycolysis, hypoxia blocked this effect. Multi-omic profiling revealed distinct molecular responses to hypoxia and PHD inhibition, and suggested a critical role for MYC in modulating HIF-1α responses to hypoxia. Consistent with this hypothesis, MYC knockdown in hypoxia increased glycolysis and MYC over-expression in normoxia decreased glycolysis stimulated by PHD inhibition. These data suggest that MYC signaling in hypoxia uncouples an increase in HIF-dependent glycolytic gene transcription from glycolytic flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney A Copeland
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Benjamin A Olenchock
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - David Ziehr
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, United States
| | - Sarah McGarrity
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
- Center for Systems Biology, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Kevin Leahy
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - Jamey D Young
- Departments of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering and Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, United States
| | - Joseph Loscalzo
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
| | - William M Oldham
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, United States
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4
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Devaux CA, Raoult D. The impact of COVID-19 on populations living at high altitude: Role of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) signaling pathway in SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication. Front Physiol 2022; 13:960308. [PMID: 36091390 PMCID: PMC9454615 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.960308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported worldwide. However, one epidemiological report has claimed a lower incidence of the disease in people living at high altitude (>2,500 m), proposing the hypothesis that adaptation to hypoxia may prove to be advantageous with respect to SARS-CoV-2 infection. This publication was initially greeted with skepticism, because social, genetic, or environmental parametric variables could underlie a difference in susceptibility to the virus for people living in chronic hypobaric hypoxia atmospheres. Moreover, in some patients positive for SARS-CoV-2, early post-infection ‘happy hypoxia” requires immediate ventilation, since it is associated with poor clinical outcome. If, however, we accept to consider the hypothesis according to which the adaptation to hypoxia may prove to be advantageous with respect to SARS-CoV-2 infection, identification of the molecular rational behind it is needed. Among several possibilities, HIF-1 regulation appears to be a molecular hub from which different signaling pathways linking hypoxia and COVID-19 are controlled. Interestingly, HIF-1α was reported to inhibit the infection of lung cells by SARS-CoV-2 by reducing ACE2 viral receptor expression. Moreover, an association of the rs11549465 variant of HIF-1α with COVID-19 susceptibility was recently discovered. Here, we review the evidence for a link between HIF-1α, ACE2 and AT1R expression, and the incidence/severity of COVID-19. We highlight the central role played by the HIF-1α signaling pathway in the pathophysiology of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Albert Devaux
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Marseille, France
- *Correspondence: Christian Albert Devaux,
| | - Didier Raoult
- Aix-Marseille University, IRD, APHM, MEPHI, Marseille, France
- IHU-Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France
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Krenn K, Tretter V, Kraft F, Ullrich R. The Renin-Angiotensin System as a Component of Biotrauma in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Front Physiol 2022; 12:806062. [PMID: 35498160 PMCID: PMC9043684 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.806062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a major concern in critical care medicine with a high mortality of over 30%. Injury to the lungs is caused not only by underlying pathological conditions such as pneumonia, sepsis, or trauma, but also by ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) resulting from high positive pressure levels and a high inspiratory oxygen fraction. Apart from mechanical factors that stress the lungs with a specific physical power and cause volutrauma and barotrauma, it is increasingly recognized that lung injury is further aggravated by biological mediators. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased interest in the role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the context of ARDS, as the RAS enzyme angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 serves as the primary cell entry receptor for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV)-2. Even before this pandemic, studies have documented the involvement of the RAS in VILI and its dysregulation in clinical ARDS. In recent years, analytical tools for RAS investigation have made major advances based on the optimized precision and detail of mass spectrometry. Given that many clinical trials with pharmacological interventions in ARDS were negative, RAS-modifying drugs may represent an interesting starting point for novel therapeutic approaches. Results from animal models have highlighted the potential of RAS-modifying drugs to prevent VILI or treat ARDS. While these drugs have beneficial pulmonary effects, the best targets and application forms for intervention still have to be determined to avoid negative effects on the circulation in clinical settings.
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Proteomics analysis of human intestinal organoids during hypoxia and reoxygenation as a model to study ischemia-reperfusion injury. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:95. [PMID: 33462215 PMCID: PMC7813872 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03379-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury is associated with high mortality rates, which have not improved in the past decades despite advanced insight in its pathophysiology using in vivo animal and human models. The inability to translate previous findings to effective therapies emphasizes the need for a physiologically relevant in vitro model to thoroughly investigate mechanisms of IR-induced epithelial injury and test potential therapies. In this study, we demonstrate the use of human small intestinal organoids to model IR injury by exposing organoids to hypoxia and reoxygenation (HR). A mass-spectrometry-based proteomics approach was applied to characterize organoid differentiation and decipher protein dynamics and molecular mechanisms of IR injury in crypt-like and villus-like human intestinal organoids. We showed successful separation of organoids exhibiting a crypt-like proliferative phenotype, and organoids exhibiting a villus-like phenotype, enriched for enterocytes and goblet cells. Functional enrichment analysis of significantly changing proteins during HR revealed that processes related to mitochondrial metabolism and organization, other metabolic processes, and the immune response were altered in both organoid phenotypes. Changes in protein metabolism, as well as mitophagy pathway and protection against oxidative stress were more pronounced in crypt-like organoids, whereas cellular stress and cell death associated protein changes were more pronounced in villus-like organoids. Profile analysis highlighted several interesting proteins showing a consistent temporal profile during HR in organoids from different origin, such as NDRG1, SDF4 or DMBT1. This study demonstrates that the HR response in human intestinal organoids recapitulates properties of the in vivo IR response. Our findings provide a framework for further investigations to elucidate underlying mechanisms of IR injury in crypt and/or villus separately, and a model to test therapeutics to prevent IR injury.
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High expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α related with acquired resistant to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in NSCLC. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1199. [PMID: 33441708 PMCID: PMC7806909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The acquired resistance of the first generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) is a main factor leading to poor prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), so we researched whether the high expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) in EGFR-TKIs sensitive NSCLC tissue tends to induce the acquired resistance. We detected the HIF-1α in normal lung tissue, EGFR-TKIs sensitive NSCLC tissue, the first generation EGFR-TKIs acquired resistant NSCLC tissue and acquired EGFR T790M mutation NSCLC tissue with the method of immunohistochemistry. Then, we compared the expression of HIF-1α in these tissues, and evaluate the effect of HIF-1α expression to the occurrence of acquired resistance. The expression of HIF-1α was much higher in the EGFR-TKIs sensitive NSCLC tissue than that in normal lung tissue. HIF-1α level became higher after the occurrence acquired resistance. There was negative correlation between HIF-1α level before receiving treatment and the time of acquired resistance occurring as well as the acquired EGFR T790M mutation occurring. As the treatment going on, EGFR-TKIs sensitivity rate of low HIF-1α level group was much higher than that of high level group. The high expression of HIF-1α related with the acquired resistance of the first generation EGFR-TKIs, and HIF-1α can be a biomarker to predict the early occurrence of acquired resistance.
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Kseibati MO, Sharawy MH, Salem HA. Chrysin mitigates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats through regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and hypoxia. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 89:107011. [PMID: 33045575 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic condition characterized by fibroblast proliferation, and the infiltration of inflammatory cells that can initiate local tissue hypoxia. In this study the effect of chrysin (50 mg/kg/orally) in a model of bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis was studied. Chrysin managed to decrease mortality rate associated with BLM instillation and it managed to improve lung architecture and lung fibrosis by decreasing hydroxyproline content and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) protein expression. Chrysin showed anti-inflammatory effect displayed by the decrease in inflammatory cells infiltrates, the decline in permeability of the alveolar/capillary barrier and the reduction in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity. Chrysin demonstrated potent antioxidant effect by decreasing lipid peroxidation, increasing antioxidant defense mechanisms by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and reduced glutathione (GSH) content. Additionally, the effect of chrysin on nitric oxide (NOx) content was assessed, where chrysin decreased NOx, increased the protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and decreased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression. Chrysin also succeeded in decreasing thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), the negative regulator of thioredoxin system, showing potent antioxidant effect. Finally, both tissue and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid contents of hypoxia inducible factor one alpha (HIF1α) were decreased by chrysin indicating that chrysin decreased local tissue hypoxia. In conclusion, this study exposed a possible proof that chrysin could mitigate pulmonary fibrosis induced by BLM through its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antifibrotic effects and its effect in alleviating hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed O Kseibati
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Maha H Sharawy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt.
| | - Hatem A Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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9
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Investigation of the effects of tadalafil and telmisartan in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis on rats. JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.780681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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González‐Tajuelo R, de la Fuente‐Fernández M, Morales‐Cano D, Muñoz‐Callejas A, González‐Sánchez E, Silván J, Serrador JM, Cadenas S, Barreira B, Espartero‐Santos M, Gamallo C, Vicente‐Rabaneda EF, Castañeda S, Pérez‐Vizcaíno F, Cogolludo Á, Jiménez‐Borreguero LJ, Urzainqui A. Spontaneous Pulmonary Hypertension Associated With Systemic Sclerosis in P-Selectin Glycoprotein Ligand 1-Deficient Mice. Arthritis Rheumatol 2020; 72:477-487. [PMID: 31509349 PMCID: PMC7065124 DOI: 10.1002/art.41100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), one of the major complications of systemic sclerosis (SSc), is a rare disease with unknown etiopathogenesis and noncurative treatments. As mice deficient in P-selectin glycoprotein ligand 1 (PSGL-1) develop a spontaneous SSc-like syndrome, we undertook this study to analyze whether they develop PAH and to examine the molecular mechanisms involved. METHODS Doppler echocardiography was used to estimate pulmonary pressure, immunohistochemistry was used to assess vascular remodeling, and myography of dissected pulmonary artery rings was used to analyze vascular reactivity. Angiotensin II (Ang II) levels were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and Western blotting was used to measure Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1 R), AT2 R, endothelial cell nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), and phosphorylated eNOS expression in lung lysates. Flow cytometry allowed us to determine cytokine production by immune cells and NO production by endothelial cells. In all cases, there were 4-8 mice per experimental group. RESULTS PSGL-1-/- mice showed lung vessel wall remodeling and a reduced mean ± SD expression of pulmonary AT2 R (expression ratio [relative to β-actin] in female mice age >18 months: wild-type mice 0.799 ± 0.508 versus knockout mice 0.346 ± 0.229). With aging, female PSGL-1-/- mice had impaired up-regulation of estrogen receptor α (ERα) and developed lung vascular endothelial dysfunction coinciding with an increase in mean ± SEM pulmonary Ang II levels (wild-type 48.70 ± 5.13 pg/gm lung tissue versus knockout 78.02 ± 28.09 pg/gm lung tissue) and a decrease in eNOS phosphorylation, leading to reduced endothelial NO production. These events led to a reduction in the pulmonary artery acceleration time:ejection time ratio in 33% of aged female PSGL-1-/- mice, indicating pulmonary hypertension. Importantly, we found expanded populations of interferon-γ-producing PSGL-1-/- T cells and B cells and a reduced presence of regulatory T cells. CONCLUSION The absence of PSGL-1 induces a reduction in Treg cells, NO production, and ERα expression and causes an increase in Ang II in the lungs of female mice, favoring the development of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael González‐Tajuelo
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | | | - Daniel Morales‐Cano
- University Complutense of Madrid School of Medicine and Ciber Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadridSpain
| | - Antonio Muñoz‐Callejas
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Elena González‐Sánchez
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Javier Silván
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Juan Manuel Serrador
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa (CBMSO) and Instituto de Física Teórica CSIC/Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM)MadridSpain
| | - Susana Cadenas
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, and CBMSO, CSIC‐UAMMadridSpain
| | - Bianca Barreira
- University Complutense of Madrid School of Medicine and Ciber Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadridSpain
| | - Marina Espartero‐Santos
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Carlos Gamallo
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Esther F. Vicente‐Rabaneda
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
| | - Santos Castañeda
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, and Catedra UAM‐ROCHEMadridSpain
| | - Francisco Pérez‐Vizcaíno
- University Complutense of Madrid School of Medicine and Ciber Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadridSpain
| | - Ángel Cogolludo
- University Complutense of Madrid School of Medicine and Ciber Enfermedades RespiratoriasMadridSpain
| | | | - Ana Urzainqui
- Fundación de Investigación Biomédica‐Hospital de la PrincesaIIS‐Princesa, Servicio de InmunlogíaMadridSpain
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Miziołek B, Bergler-Czop B, Kucharz E, Kotyla P, Kopeć-Mędrek M, Widuchowska M, Sieńczyk M, Brzezińska-Wcisło L. Significance of the angiotensin I/angiotensin II/angiotensin-(1-7) axis in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 34:558-564. [PMID: 31746507 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a multisystemic disease with an extensive microvasculopathy. Previously, disturbances in plasma levels of angiotensin II (Ang II) and its antagonistic angiotensin-(1-7) (Ang-(1-7)) were found in patients with SSc. Their significance in a pathogenesis of SSc stays unclear due to discrepancies of earlier studies. OBJECTIVES To evaluate a significance of disturbances in production pathway of angiotensins in a development of SSc. METHODS There were enrolled 27 patients with established SSc, 23 subjects with very early SSc and 23 healthy controls. The diagnosis of SSc was established in patients who met EULAR/ACR 2013 classification criteria. Very early SSc described patients with Raynaud's phenomenon having SSc-specific antinuclear antibodies and SSc-like abnormalities in nailfold videocapillaroscopy. Patients were submitted to evaluation of internal organ involvement and blood sampling to assay plasma levels of angiotensin I, angiotensin II and angiotensin-(1-7) with ELISA technique. RESULTS Plasma level of angiotensin-(1-7) was significantly reduced in both SSc group (median = 47.2 pg/mL; P < 0.001) and ones with very early SSc (median = 102.7 pg/mL; P = 0.002) when compared to healthy controls (median = 176.1 pg/mL). A tendency to higher than in control group (median = 214 pg/mL) plasma level of angiotensin I was seen in SSc group (median = 392 pg/mL; P = 0.059). Differences in plasma level of angiotensin II were insignificant between all study groups. Those disturbances produced unfavourable angiotensin-(1-7)/angiotensin II (%) ratio in both groups of patients, which achieved statistical significance in subjects with established SSc (P < 0.001). Production pathway of angiotensins showed a dependence on a subtype of SSc, immune profile and a presence of interstitial lung disease. CONCLUSIONS Production of angiotensin-(1-7) was significantly reduced in both SSc patients and those ones with very early SSc, although a significant imbalance between angiotensin II and angiotensin-(1-7) occurred only in subjects with established disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Miziołek
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - B Bergler-Czop
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - E Kucharz
- Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - P Kotyla
- Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - M Kopeć-Mędrek
- Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - M Widuchowska
- Department of Internal Medicine Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - M Sieńczyk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Microbiology, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - L Brzezińska-Wcisło
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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12
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Kreuter M, Lederer DJ, Molina-Molina M, Noth I, Valenzuela C, Frankenstein L, Weycker D, Atwood M, Kirchgaessler KU, Cottin V. Association of Angiotensin Modulators With the Course of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Chest 2019; 156:706-714. [PMID: 31047956 DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2019.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Angiotensin peptides have been implicated in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) pathogenesis. Angiotensin modulators are used to treat arterial hypertension, a frequent comorbidity of IPF. This post hoc analysis evaluated associations of antihypertensive treatments with disease-related outcomes in IPF. METHODS All patients randomized to placebo (n = 624) in the CAPACITY and ASCEND studies were categorized by antihypertensive treatment at baseline. Outcomes of disease progression (first occurrence of ≥ 10% absolute decline in % predicted FVC, ≥ 50-m decline in 6-min walk distance, or death) and all-cause mortality were assessed over 52 weeks. RESULTS At baseline, 111 and 121 patients were receiving an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB), respectively; 392 were receiving neither. In multivariable analyses adjusted for differences in baseline characteristics compared with the non-ACEi/ARB group, ACEi treatment (hazard ratio [HR], 0.6 [95% CI, 0.4-0.9]; P = .026), but not ARB (HR, 0.9 [95% CI, 0.6-1.2]; P = .413), was associated with slower disease progression. Furthermore, the increase in all-cause mortality associated with cardiovascular disease was not observed in the ACEi group (HR, 1.1 [95% CI, 0.5-2.9]; P = .782), which presented a similar percentage of IPF-related mortality as the non-ACEi/ARB group (3.6% vs 3.6%). In contrast, patients in the ARB group had greater risk of all-cause mortality (HR, 2.5 [95% CI, 1.2-5.2]). These observations were validated in a pooled analysis that included patients from the INSPIRE trial. CONCLUSIONS Prospective clinical trials are needed to evaluate whether angiotensin modulators may be beneficial to clinical outcomes in IPF. TRIAL REGISTRY ClinicalTrials.gov; Nos.: NCT01366209, NCT00287716, NCT00287729, NCT00075998; URL: www.clinicaltrials.gov).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Kreuter
- Center for Interstitial and Rare Lung Disease, Thoraxklinik, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | - Maria Molina-Molina
- University Hospital of Bellvitge, Institut d'Investigació Biomédica de Bellvitge, Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Imre Noth
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Claudia Valenzuela
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lutz Frankenstein
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Vincent Cottin
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Reference Center for Rare Pulmonary Diseases, Louis Pradel Hospital, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, UMR754, Lyon, France
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13
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Darrah RJ, Jacono FJ, Joshi N, Mitchell AL, Sattar A, Campanaro CK, Litman P, Frey J, Nethery DE, Barbato ES, Hodges CA, Corvol H, Cutting GR, Knowles MR, Strug LJ, Drumm ML. AGTR2 absence or antagonism prevents cystic fibrosis pulmonary manifestations. J Cyst Fibros 2018; 18:127-134. [PMID: 29937318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2018.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Revised: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary disease remains the primary cause of morbidity and mortality for individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). Variants at a locus on the X-chromosome containing the type 2 angiotensin II receptor gene (AGTR2) were identified by a large GWAS as significantly associating with lung function in CF patients. We hypothesized that manipulating the angiotensin-signaling pathway may yield clinical benefit in CF. METHODS Genetic subset analysis was conducted on a local CF cohort to extend the GWAS findings. Next, we evaluated pulmonary function in CF mice with a deleted AGTR2 gene, and in those who were given subcutaneous injections of PD123,319, a selective AGTR2 antagonist for 12 weeks beginning at weaning. RESULTS The genetic subset analysis replicated the initial GWAS identified association, and confirmed the association of this locus with additional lung function parameters. Studies in genetically modified mice established that absence of the AGTR2 gene normalized pulmonary function indices in two independent CF mouse models. Further, we determined that pharmacologic antagonism of AGTR2 improved overall pulmonary function in CF mice to near wild-type levels. CONCLUSIONS These results identify that reduced AGTR2 signaling is beneficial to CF lung function, and suggest the potential of manipulating the angiotensin-signaling pathway for treatment and/or prevention of CF pulmonary disease. Importantly, the beneficial effects were not CF gene mutation dependent, and were able to be reproduced with pharmacologic antagonism. As there are clinically approved drugs available to target the renin-angiotensin signaling system, these findings may be quickly translated to human clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca J Darrah
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Frank J Jacono
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Neha Joshi
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Anna L Mitchell
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Abdus Sattar
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Cara K Campanaro
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Paul Litman
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Jennifer Frey
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - David E Nethery
- Department of Medicine, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Eric S Barbato
- Frances Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Craig A Hodges
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
| | - Harriet Corvol
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris 75012, France; Pneumologie pédiatrique, APHP, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris 75012, France
| | - Garry R Cutting
- McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - Michael R Knowles
- Marsico Lung Institute/UNC CF Research Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North, Carolina, 27599, USA
| | - Lisa J Strug
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 0A4; Division of Biostatistics, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 3M7
| | - Mitchell L Drumm
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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14
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Liu Y, Liu X, Hua W, Wei Q, Fang X, Zhao Z, Ge C, Liu C, Chen C, Tao Y, Zhu Y. Berberine inhibits macrophage M1 polarization via AKT1/SOCS1/NF-κB signaling pathway to protect against DSS-induced colitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2018; 57:121-131. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2018.01.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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15
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Pesevski Z, Kvasilova A, Stopkova T, Nanka O, Drobna Krejci E, Buffinton C, Kockova R, Eckhardt A, Sedmera D. Endocardial Fibroelastosis is Secondary to Hemodynamic Alterations in the Chick Embryonic Model of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. Dev Dyn 2017; 247:509-520. [PMID: 28543854 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endocardial fibroelastosis (EFE) is a diffuse thickening of the ventricular endocardium, causing myocardial dysfunction and presenting as unexplained heart failure in infants and children. One of the postulated causes is persistent and increased wall tension in the ventricles. RESULTS To examine whether reduced ventricular pressure in a chick model of hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) induced by left atrial ligation (LAL) at embryonic day (ED) 4 is associated with EFE at later stages, myocardial fibrosis was evaluated by histology and immunoconfocal microscopy and mass spectrometry (MS) at ED12. Immunohistochemistry with collagen I antibody clearly showed a significant thickening of the layer of subendocardial fibrous tissue in LAL hearts, and MS proved this significant increase of collagen I. To provide further insight into pathogenesis of this increased fibroproduction, hypoxyprobe staining revealed an increased extent of hypoxic regions, normally limited to the interventricular septum, in the ventricular myocardium of LAL hearts at ED8. CONCLUSIONS Abnormal hemodynamic loading during heart development leads to myocardial hypoxia, stimulating collagen production in the subendocardium. Therefore, EFE in this chick embryonic model of HLHS appears to be a secondary effect of abnormal hemodynamics. Developmental Dynamics 247:509-520, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zivorad Pesevski
- Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Kvasilova
- Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Stopkova
- Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ondrej Nanka
- Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eliska Drobna Krejci
- Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Christine Buffinton
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania
| | - Radka Kockova
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Eckhardt
- Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - David Sedmera
- Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic
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16
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Mata-Greenwood E, Goyal D, Goyal R. Comparative and Experimental Studies on the Genes Altered by Chronic Hypoxia in Human Brain Microendothelial Cells. Front Physiol 2017; 8:365. [PMID: 28620317 PMCID: PMC5450043 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background : Hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1A) is a master regulator of acute hypoxia; however, with chronic hypoxia, HIF1A levels return to the normoxic levels. Importantly, the genes that are involved in the cell survival and viability under chronic hypoxia are not known. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that chronic hypoxia leads to the upregulation of a core group of genes with associated changes in the promoter DNA methylation that mediates the cell survival under hypoxia. Results : We examined the effect of chronic hypoxia (3 days; 0.5% oxygen) on human brain micro endothelial cells (HBMEC) viability and apoptosis. Hypoxia caused a significant reduction in cell viability and an increase in apoptosis. Next, we examined chronic hypoxia associated changes in transcriptome and genome-wide promoter methylation. The data obtained was compared with 16 other microarray studies on chronic hypoxia. Nine genes were altered in response to chronic hypoxia in all 17 studies. Interestingly, HIF1A was not altered with chronic hypoxia in any of the studies. Furthermore, we compared our data to three other studies that identified HIF-responsive genes by various approaches. Only two genes were found to be HIF dependent. We silenced each of these 9 genes using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Downregulation of EGLN3 significantly increased the cell death under chronic hypoxia, whereas downregulation of ERO1L, ENO2, adrenomedullin, and spag4 reduced the cell death under hypoxia. Conclusions : We provide a core group of genes that regulates cellular acclimatization under chronic hypoxic stress, and most of them are HIF independent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenia Mata-Greenwood
- Center for Perinatal Biology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda UniversityLoma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Dipali Goyal
- Center for Perinatal Biology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda UniversityLoma Linda, CA, United States.,Epigenuity LLCLoma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Ravi Goyal
- Center for Perinatal Biology, School of Medicine, Loma Linda UniversityLoma Linda, CA, United States.,Epigenuity LLCLoma Linda, CA, United States
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17
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Bricambert J, Favre D, Brajkovic S, Bonnefond A, Boutry R, Salvi R, Plaisance V, Chikri M, Chinetti-Gbaguidi G, Staels B, Giusti V, Caiazzo R, Pattou F, Waeber G, Froguel P, Abderrahmani A. Impaired histone deacetylases 5 and 6 expression mimics the effects of obesity and hypoxia on adipocyte function. Mol Metab 2016; 5:1200-1207. [PMID: 27900262 PMCID: PMC5123204 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The goal of the study was to investigate the role of histone deacetylases (HDACs) in adipocyte function associated with obesity and hypoxia. Methods Total proteins and RNA were prepared from human visceral adipose tissues (VAT) of human obese and normal weight subjects and from white adipose tissue (WAT) of C57Bl6-Rj mice fed a normal or high fat diet (HFD) for 16 weeks. HDAC activity was measured by colorimetric assay whereas the gene and protein expression were monitored by real-time PCR and by western blotting, respectively. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to silence the expression of genes in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Results Total HDAC activity was decreased in VAT and WAT from obese individuals and from mice fed a HFD, respectively. The HDAC activity reduction was associated with decreased HDAC5/Hdac5 and HDAC6/Hdac6 expression in human and mice adipocyte fraction. Similarly, hypoxia hampered total Hdac activity and reduced the expression of Hdac5 and Hdac6 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. The decrease of both Hdac5 and Hdac6 by hypoxia was associated with altered expression of adipokines and of the inducible cAMP early repressor (Icer), a key repressor that is defective in human and mice obesity. Silencing of Icer in adipocytes reproduced the changes in adipokine levels under hypoxia and obesity, suggesting a causative effect. Finally, modeling the defect of the two Hdacs in adipocytes by RNAi or selective inhibitors mimicked the effects of hypoxia on the expression of Icer, leading to impairment of insulin-induced glucose uptake. Conclusion Hdac5 and Hdac6 expression are required for the adequate expression of Icer and adipocyte function. Altered adipose expression of the two Hdacs in obesity by hypoxia may contribute to the development of metabolic abnormalities. Impaired adipose HDAC activity in human obese subjects and obese mice. HDAC5 and HDAC6 expression is reduced in adipocytes of obese mice and human. The expression of HDAC5, HDAC6 and ICER is altered by hypoxia in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. ICER regulates hypoxia-sensitive adipokines expression. Hdac5 and Hdac6 control the expression of ICER and glucose uptake in adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Bricambert
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Dimitri Favre
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Saška Brajkovic
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France; Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Amélie Bonnefond
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Raphael Boutry
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Roberto Salvi
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Valérie Plaisance
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Mohamed Chikri
- Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 5825, Doha, Qatar; Univ. Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, FMPF, Fes, Morocco
| | - Giulia Chinetti-Gbaguidi
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France; Inserm, U 1081, Institute for Research on Cancer and Aging of Nice (IRCAN), University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Nice and Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, University Hospital, Nice, France
| | - Bart Staels
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Vittorio Giusti
- Metabolic Center, Fribourg Hospital HFR, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Robert Caiazzo
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1190 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - François Pattou
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1190 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Gérard Waeber
- Service of Internal Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois and University of Lausanne, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Froguel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France; Department of Genomic of Common Disease, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Amar Abderrahmani
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Institut Pasteur de Lille, UMR 8199 - EGID, F-59000 Lille, France; Department of Genomic of Common Disease, Imperial College London, UK.
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18
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Kurlak LO, Mistry HD, Cindrova-Davies T, Burton GJ, Broughton Pipkin F. Human placental renin-angiotensin system in normotensive and pre-eclamptic pregnancies at high altitude and after acute hypoxia-reoxygenation insult. J Physiol 2016; 594:1327-40. [PMID: 26574162 DOI: 10.1113/jp271045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A functioning placental renin-angiotensin system (RAS) appears necessary for uncomplicated pregnancy and is present during placentation, which occurs under low oxygen tensions. Placental RAS is increased in pre-eclampsia (PE), characterised by placental dysfunction and elevated oxidative stress. We investigated the effect of high altitude hypoxia on the RAS and hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) by measuring mRNA and protein expression in term placentae from normotensive (NT) and PE women who delivered at sea level or above 3100 m, using an explant model of hypoxia-reoxygenation to assess the impact of acute oxidative stress on the RAS and HIFs. Protein levels of prorenin (P = 0.049), prorenin receptor (PRR; P = 0.0004), and angiotensin type 1 receptor (AT1R, P = 0.006) and type 2 receptor (AT2R, P = 0.002) were all significantly higher in placentae from NT women at altitude, despite mRNA expression being unaffected. However, mRNA expression of all RAS components was significantly lower in PE at altitude than at sea level, yet PRR, angiotensinogen (AGT) and AT1R proteins were all increased. The increase in transcript and protein expression of all the HIFs and NADPH oxidase 4 seen in PE compared to NT at sea level was blunted at high altitude. Experimentally induced oxidative stress stimulated AGT mRNA (P = 0.04) and protein (P = 0.025). AT1R (r = 0.77, P < 0.001) and AT2R (r = 0.81, P < 0.001) mRNA both significantly correlated with HIF-1β, whilst AT2R also correlated with HIF-1α (r = 0.512, P < 0.013). Our observations suggest that the placental RAS is responsive to changes in tissue oxygenation: this could be important in the interplay between reactive oxygen species as cell-signalling molecules for angiogenesis and hence placental development and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lesia O Kurlak
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
| | - Hiten D Mistry
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK.,Division of Hypertension, Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Research, University of Bern, CH-3010, Berne, Switzerland
| | - Tereza Cindrova-Davies
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Graham J Burton
- Centre for Trophoblast Research, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Fiona Broughton Pipkin
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, City Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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19
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Tan LG, Xiao JH, Yu DL, Zhang L, Zheng F, Guo LY, Yang JY, Tang JM, Chen SY, Wang JN. PEP-1-SOD1 fusion proteins block cardiac myofibroblast activation and angiotensin II-induced collagen production. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2015; 15:116. [PMID: 26446519 PMCID: PMC4597385 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-015-0103-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress is closely associated with cardiac fibrosis. However, the effect of copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) as a therapeutic agent is limited due to the insufficient transduction. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of PEP-1-SOD1 fusion protein on angiotensin II (ANG II)-induced collagen metabolism in rat cardiac myofibroblasts (MCFs). Methods MCFs were pretreated with SOD1 or PEP-1-SOD1 fusion protein for 2 h followed by incubation with ANG II for 24 h. Cell proliferation was measured by Cell Counting Kit-8. Superoxide anion productions were detected by both fluorescent microscopy and Flow Cytometry. MMP-1 and TIMP-1 were determined by ELISA. Intracellular MDA content and SOD activity were examined by commercial assay kits. Protein expression was analyzed by western blotting. Results PEP-1-SOD1 fusion protein efficiently transduced into MCF, scavenged intracellular O2−, decreased intracellular MDA content, increased SOD activity, suppressed ANG II-induced proliferation, reduced expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA, collagen type I and III, restored MMP-1 secretion, and attenuated TIMP-1 secretion. Conclusion PEP-1-SOD1 suppressed MCF proliferation and differentiation and reduced production of collagen type I and III. Therefore, PEP-1-SOD1 fusion protein may be a potential novel therapeutic agent for cardiac fibrosis. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12872-015-0103-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Guo Tan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China. .,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China.
| | - Jun-Hui Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China.
| | - Dan-Li Yu
- Department of Emergency, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China.
| | - Fei Zheng
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China.
| | - Ling-Yun Guo
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Ye Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China.
| | - Jun-Ming Tang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China. .,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China.
| | - Shi-You Chen
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30622, USA.
| | - Jia-Ning Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China. .,Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P. R. China.
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Rana I, Velkoska E, Patel SK, Burrell LM, Charchar FJ. MicroRNAs mediate the cardioprotective effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in acute kidney injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2015; 309:F943-54. [PMID: 26400542 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00183.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease, including cardiac hypertrophy, is common in patients with kidney disease and can be partially attenuated using blockers of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). It is unknown whether cardiac microRNAs contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy or to the protective effect of RAS blockade in kidney disease. Using a subtotal nephrectomy rat model of kidney injury, we investigated changes in cardiac microRNAs that are known to have direct target genes involved in the regulation of apoptosis, fibrosis, and hypertrophy. The effect of treatment with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor ramipril on cardiac microRNAs was also investigated. Kidney injury led to a significant increase in cardiac microRNA-212 and microRNA-132 expression. Ramipril reduced cardiac hypertrophy, attenuated the increase in microRNA-212 and microRNA-132, and significantly increased microRNA-133 and microRNA-1 expression. There was altered expression of caspase-9, B cell lymphoma-2, transforming growth factor-β, fibronectin 1, collagen type 1A1, and forkhead box protein O3, which are all known to be involved in the regulation of apoptosis, fibrosis, and hypertrophy in cardiac cells while being targets for the above microRNAs. ACE inhibitor treatment increased expression of microRNA-133 and microRNA-1. The inhibitory action of ACE inhibitor treatment on increased cardiac NADPH oxidase isoform 1 expression after subtotal nephrectomy surgery suggests that inhibition of oxidative stress is also one of mechanism of ACE inhibitor-mediated cardioprotection. These finding suggests the involvement of microRNAs in the cardioprotective action of ACE inhibition in acute renal injury, which is mediated through an inhibitory action on profibrotic and proapoptotic target genes and stimulatory action on antihypertrophic and antiapoptotic target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indrajeetsinh Rana
- School of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia; and
| | - Elena Velkoska
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sheila K Patel
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise M Burrell
- Department of Medicine, Austin Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- School of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia; and
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21
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Hosseinimehr SJ. The use of angiotensin II receptor antagonists to increase the efficacy of radiotherapy in cancer treatment. Future Oncol 2015; 10:2381-90. [PMID: 25525846 DOI: 10.2217/fon.14.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiotensin II receptor antagonists inhibit various signaling pathways involved in the regulation of inflammation, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Radiation-induced activation of a proinflammatory cytokine network has been shown to mediate normal tissue injury induced by ionizing radiation in cancer patients, resulting in serious side effects. Hence, not only do angiotensin II receptor antagonists block inflammatory signaling both in cancer cells and in normal cells, but they are also effective in the treatment of cancer by inhibiting tumor progression, vascularization and metastasis. This review addresses the role of angiotensin II inhibitors in cancer therapy, and their potential to increase therapeutical index by protecting normal cells and sensitizing tumor cells to radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran;
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22
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Karakashev SV, Reginato MJ. Progress toward overcoming hypoxia-induced resistance to solid tumor therapy. Cancer Manag Res 2015; 7:253-64. [PMID: 26316817 PMCID: PMC4542411 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s58285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic tumors are associated with poor clinical outcome for multiple types of human cancer. This may be due, in part, to hypoxic cancer cells being resistant to anticancer therapy, including radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy. Hypoxia inducible factor 1, a major regulator of cellular response to hypoxia, regulates the expression of genes that are involved in multiple aspects of cancer biology, including cell survival, proliferation, metabolism, invasion, and angiogenesis. Here, we review multiple pathways regulated by hypoxia/hypoxia inducible factor 1 in cancer cells and discuss the latest advancements in overcoming hypoxia-mediated tumor resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey V Karakashev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Mauricio J Reginato
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Wang L, Wu B, Zhang Y, Tian Z. Hypoxia promotes the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells via the hypoxia-inducible factor-1α signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:5267-73. [PMID: 26151812 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Investigations into the role of hypoxia have concentrated on hypoxic damage to cells and the associated adaptative mechanisms, however, the effects of hypoxia on cell proliferation and differentiation have received less attention. The present study aimed to investigate the role of hypoxia on the proliferation of MC3T3‑E1 cells and examine the molecular mechanism involved. Cells treated with low levels of hypoxia had an increased percentage of S phase cells and a decreased percentage of G1 phase cells, promoted the level of cell proliferation‑associated proteins, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and cyclin D. In addition, hypoxia increased cell proliferation by upregulating the expression of hypoxia‑inducible factor (HIF)‑1α. The phosphoinositide 3‑kinase/Akt and mitogen‑activated protein kinase/extracellular signal‑regulated kinase pathways augmented the expression of HIF‑1α in the MC3T3‑E1 cells. The present study demonstrated that hypoxia induces positive effects on osteoblast proliferation, suggesting a novel strategy in the treatment of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichao Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Tian
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P.R. China
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Continuous infusion of angiotensin II modulates hypertrophic differentiation and apoptosis of chondrocytes in cartilage formation in a fracture model mouse. Hypertens Res 2015; 38:382-93. [PMID: 25693858 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2015.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) are reported to be expressed in cultured chondrocytes and cartilage, little is known about the precise function of Angiotensin II (Ang II) in chondrocytes. In this study, we employed a rib fracture model mouse to investigate the effect of Ang II on chondrocytes. Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) was expressed in chondrocytes in the growth plate of mouse tibia. Continuous infusion of Ang II to rib-fractured mice resulted in a significant increase in the volume of cartilage, suggesting Ang II-induced hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes. It was also confirmed by a significant increase in the mRNA expression of Sox9 and runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), which are genes related to chondrocyte differentiation, and type X collagen, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 and Indian hedgehog (Ihh), which are hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific molecular markers. Chondrocyte hypertrophy with upregulation of these genes was attenuated by administration of olmesartan, an AT1R blocker, but not by hydralazine. Moreover, Ang II infusion significantly suppressed apoptosis of chondrocytes, accompanied by significant induction of mRNA expression of bcl-2 and bcl-xL. Olmesartan, but not hydralazine, significantly attenuated the reduction of apoptotic cells and the increase in anti-apoptotic genes induced by Ang II infusion. Overall, the present study demonstrated that Ang II promoted hypertrophic differentiation of chondrocytes and reduced apoptosis of hypertrophic chondrocytes independently of high blood pressure. The present data indicate the role of Ang II in cartilage, and might provide a new concept for treatment of cartilage diseases.
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