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Xu LM, Yu XX, Zhang N, Chen YS. Exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells promote the collagen production of fibroblasts from pelvic organ prolapse. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:708-727. [PMID: 38948096 PMCID: PMC11212552 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i6.708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) involves pelvic organ herniation into the vagina due to pelvic floor tissue laxity, and vaginal structure is an essential factor. In POP, the vaginal walls exhibit abnormal collagen distribution and decreased fibroblast levels and functions. The intricate etiology of POP and the prohibition of transvaginal meshes in pelvic reconstruction surgery present challenges in targeted therapy development. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hucMSCs) present limitations, but their exosomes (hucMSC-Exo) are promising therapeutic tools for promoting fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix remodeling. AIM To investigate the effects of hucMSC-Exo on the functions of primary vaginal fibroblasts and to elucidate the underlying mechanism involved. METHODS Human vaginal wall collagen content was assessed by Masson's trichrome and Sirius blue staining. Gene expression differences in fibroblasts from patients with and without POP were assessed via RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). The effects of hucMSC-Exo on fibroblasts were determined via functional experiments in vitro. RNA-seq data from fibroblasts exposed to hucMSC-Exo and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing data from hucMSC-Exo were jointly analyzed to identify effective molecules. RESULTS In POP, the vaginal wall exhibited abnormal collagen distribution and reduced fibroblast 1 quality and quantity. Treatment with 4 or 6 μg/mL hucMSC-Exo suppressed inflammation in POP group fibroblasts, stimulated primary fibroblast growth, and elevated collagen I (Col1) production in vitro. High-throughput RNA-seq of fibroblasts treated with hucMSC-Exo and miRNA sequencing of hucMSC-Exo revealed that abundant exosomal miRNAs downregulated matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11) expression. CONCLUSION HucMSC-Exo normalized the growth and function of primary fibroblasts from patients with POP by promoting cell growth and Col1 expression in vitro. Abundant miRNAs in hucMSC-Exo targeted and downregulated MMP11 expression. HucMSC-Exo-based therapy may be ideal for safely and effectively treating POP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Mei Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xin-Xin Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yi-Song Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China.
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2
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Xu LM, Yu XX, Zhang N, Chen YS. Exosomes from umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells promote the collagen production of fibroblasts from pelvic organ prolapse. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:707-726. [DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i6.707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) involves pelvic organ herniation into the vagina due to pelvic floor tissue laxity, and vaginal structure is an essential factor. In POP, the vaginal walls exhibit abnormal collagen distribution and decreased fibroblast levels and functions. The intricate etiology of POP and the prohibition of transvaginal meshes in pelvic reconstruction surgery present challenges in targeted therapy development. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hucMSCs) present limitations, but their exosomes (hucMSC-Exo) are promising therapeutic tools for promoting fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix remodeling.
AIM To investigate the effects of hucMSC-Exo on the functions of primary vaginal fibroblasts and to elucidate the underlying mechanism involved.
METHODS Human vaginal wall collagen content was assessed by Masson’s trichrome and Sirius blue staining. Gene expression differences in fibroblasts from patients with and without POP were assessed via RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). The effects of hucMSC-Exo on fibroblasts were determined via functional experiments in vitro. RNA-seq data from fibroblasts exposed to hucMSC-Exo and microRNA (miRNA) sequencing data from hucMSC-Exo were jointly analyzed to identify effective molecules.
RESULTS In POP, the vaginal wall exhibited abnormal collagen distribution and reduced fibroblast 1 quality and quantity. Treatment with 4 or 6 μg/mL hucMSC-Exo suppressed inflammation in POP group fibroblasts, stimulated primary fibroblast growth, and elevated collagen I (Col1) production in vitro. High-throughput RNA-seq of fibroblasts treated with hucMSC-Exo and miRNA sequencing of hucMSC-Exo revealed that abundant exosomal miRNAs downregulated matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP11) expression.
CONCLUSION HucMSC-Exo normalized the growth and function of primary fibroblasts from patients with POP by promoting cell growth and Col1 expression in vitro. Abundant miRNAs in hucMSC-Exo targeted and downregulated MMP11 expression. HucMSC-Exo-based therapy may be ideal for safely and effectively treating POP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Mei Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Gynecology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-related Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xin-Xin Yu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yi-Song Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, China
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Zheng J, Park K, Jang J, Son D, Park J, Kim J, Yoo JE, You S, Kim IY. Utilizing stem cell-secreted molecules as a versatile toolbox for skin regenerative medicine. J Control Release 2024; 370:583-599. [PMID: 38729435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells are recognized as an important target and tool in regenerative engineering. In this study, we explored the feasibility of engineering amniotic fluid-derived mesenchymal stem cell-secreted molecules (afMSC-SMs) as a versatile bioactive material for skin regenerative medicine applications in a time- and cost-efficient and straightforward manner. afMSC-SMs, obtained in powder form through ethanol precipitation, effectively contributed to preserving the self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential of primary human keratinocytes (pKCs) in a xeno-free environment, offering a potential alternative to traditional culture methods for their long-term in vitro expansion, and allowed them to reconstitute a fully stratified epithelium sheet on human dermal fibroblasts. Furthermore, we demonstrated the flexibility of afMSC-SMs in wound healing and hair regrowth through injectable hydrogel and nanogel-mediated transdermal delivery systems, respectively, expanding the pool of regenerative applications. This cell-free approach may offer several potential advantages, including streamlined manufacturing processes, scalability, controlled formulation, longer shelf lives, and mitigation of risks associated with living cell transplantation. Accordingly, afMSC-SMs could serve as a promising therapeutic toolbox for advancing cell-free regenerative medicine, simplifying their broad applicability in various clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zheng
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungmin Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihoon Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Daryeon Son
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghyun Park
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jonggun Kim
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, SL, Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Eun Yoo
- Institute of Regenerative Medicine, SL, Therapeutics Inc., Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkwon You
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea; Institute of Animal Molecular Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - In-Yong Kim
- Catholic High-Performance Cell Therapy Center & Department of Medical Life Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Hetta HF, Elsaghir A, Sijercic VC, Akhtar MS, Gad SA, Moses A, Zeleke MS, Alanazi FE, Ahmed AK, Ramadan YN. Mesenchymal stem cell therapy in diabetic foot ulcer: An updated comprehensive review. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e2036. [PMID: 38650719 PMCID: PMC11033295 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.2036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes has evolved into a worldwide public health issue. One of the most serious complications of diabetes is diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), which frequently creates a significant financial strain on patients and lowers their quality of life. Up until now, there has been no curative therapy for DFU, only symptomatic relief or an interruption in the disease's progression. Recent studies have focused attention on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which provide innovative and potential treatment candidates for several illnesses as they can differentiate into various cell types. They are mostly extracted from the placenta, adipose tissue, umbilical cord (UC), and bone marrow (BM). Regardless of their origin, they show comparable features and small deviations. Our goal is to investigate MSCs' therapeutic effects, application obstacles, and patient benefit strategies for DFU therapy. Methodology A comprehensive search was conducted using specific keywords relating to DFU, MSCs, and connected topics in the databases of Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed. The main focus of the selection criteria was on English-language literature that explored the relationship between DFU, MSCs, and related factors. Results and Discussion Numerous studies are being conducted and have demonstrated that MSCs can induce re-epithelialization and angiogenesis, decrease inflammation, contribute to immunological modulation, and subsequently promote DFU healing, making them a promising approach to treating DFU. This review article provides a general snapshot of DFU (including clinical presentation, risk factors and etiopathogenesis, and conventional treatment) and discusses the clinical progress of MSCs in the management of DFU, taking into consideration the side effects and challenges during the application of MSCs and how to overcome these challenges to achieve maximum benefits. Conclusion The incorporation of MSCs in the management of DFU highlights their potential as a feasible therapeutic strategy. Establishing a comprehensive understanding of the complex relationship between DFU pathophysiology, MSC therapies, and related obstacles is essential for optimizing therapy outcomes and maximizing patient benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helal F. Hetta
- Division of Microbiology, Immunology and Biotechnology, Department of Natural Products and Alternative MedicineFaculty of Pharmacy, University of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityAssiutEgypt
| | - Alaa Elsaghir
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Pharmacy, Assiut UniversityAssiutEgypt
| | | | | | - Sayed A. Gad
- Faculty of Medicine, Assiut UniversityAssiutEgypt
| | | | - Mahlet S. Zeleke
- Menelik II Medical and Health Science College, Kotebe Metropolitan UniversityAddis AbabaEthiopia
| | - Fawaz E. Alanazi
- Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyFaculty of Pharmacy, University of TabukTabukSaudi Arabia
| | | | - Yasmin N. Ramadan
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Pharmacy, Assiut UniversityAssiutEgypt
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Zhu H, Guo X, Zhang Y, Khan A, Pang Y, Song H, Zhao H, Liu Z, Qiao H, Xie J. The Combined Anti-Aging Effect of Hydrolyzed Collagen Oligopeptides and Exosomes Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Human Skin Fibroblasts. Molecules 2024; 29:1468. [PMID: 38611748 PMCID: PMC11013016 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cell-derived exosomes (SC-Exos) are used as a source of regenerative medicine, but certain limitations hinder their uses. The effect of hydrolyzed collagen oligopeptides (HCOPs), a functional ingredient of SC-Exos is not widely known to the general public. We herein evaluated the combined anti-aging effects of HCOPs and exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HucMSC-Exos) using a senescence model established on human skin fibroblasts (HSFs). This study discovered that cells treated with HucMSC-Exos + HCOPs enhanced their proliferative and migratory capabilities; reduced both reactive oxygen species production and senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity; augmented type I and type III collagen expression; attenuated the expression of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-3, and MMP-9), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α); and decreased the expression of p16, p21, and p53 as compared with the cells treated with HucMSC-Exos or HCOPs alone. These results suggest a possible strategy for enhancing the skin anti-aging ability of HucMSC-Exos with HCOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xin Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yongqing Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ajab Khan
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan 29050, Pakistan;
| | - Yinuo Pang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Huifang Song
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hong Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhizhen Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Hua Qiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
| | - Jun Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Birth Defect and Cell Regeneration, MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China; (H.Z.); (X.G.); (Y.Z.); (Y.P.); (H.S.); (H.Z.); (Z.L.)
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6
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Chanda D, Del Rivero T, Ghimire R, More S, Mitrani MI, Bellio MA, Channappanavar R. Acellular Human Amniotic Fluid-Derived Extracellular Vesicles as Novel Anti-Inflammatory Therapeutics against SARS-CoV-2 Infection. Viruses 2024; 16:273. [PMID: 38400048 PMCID: PMC10892347 DOI: 10.3390/v16020273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 is associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and fatal pneumonia. Excessive inflammation caused by SARS-CoV-2 is the key driver of ARDS and lethal disease. Several FDA-approved drugs that suppress virus replication are in clinical use. However, despite strong evidence for the role of virus-induced inflammation in severe COVID-19, no effective anti-inflammatory drug is available to control fatal inflammation as well as efficiently clear the virus. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify biologically derived immunomodulators that suppress inflammation and promote antiviral immunity. In this study, we evaluated acellular human amniotic fluid (acAF) containing extracellular vesicles (hAF-EVs) as a potential non-toxic and safe biologic for immunomodulation during COVID-19. Our in vitro results showed that acAF significantly reduced inflammatory cytokine production in TLR2/4/7 and SARS-CoV-2 structural protein-stimulated mouse macrophages. Importantly, an intraperitoneal administration of acAF reduced morbidity and mortality in SARS-CoV-2-infected mice. A detailed examination of SARS-CoV-2-infected lungs revealed that the increased protection in acAF-treated mice was associated with reduced viral titers and levels of inflammatory myeloid cell infiltration. Collectively, our results identify a novel biologic that has potential to suppress excessive inflammation and enhance survival following SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting the translational potential of acAF against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarati Chanda
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (D.C.); (R.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Tania Del Rivero
- Organicell Regenerative Medicine, Davie, FL 33314, USA; (T.D.R.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Roshan Ghimire
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (D.C.); (R.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Sunil More
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (D.C.); (R.G.); (S.M.)
| | - Maria Ines Mitrani
- Organicell Regenerative Medicine, Davie, FL 33314, USA; (T.D.R.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Michael A. Bellio
- Organicell Regenerative Medicine, Davie, FL 33314, USA; (T.D.R.); (M.I.M.)
| | - Rudragouda Channappanavar
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA; (D.C.); (R.G.); (S.M.)
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Yang J, Zhang L, Sun S, Zhang S, Ding Q, Chai G, Yu W, Zhao T, Shen L, Gao Y, Liu W, Ding C. A dihydromyricetin-loaded phellinus igniarius polysaccharide/l-arginine modified chitosan-based hydrogel for promoting wound recovery in diabetic mice via JNK and TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129124. [PMID: 38176509 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.129124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
The wound of diabetes has long-term excessive inflammation leading to wound fibrosis and scar formation. In the process of diabetic wound healing, good wound dressing is required for intervention. In this study, we designed a dihydromyricetin-loaded hydrogel (PCD) based on phellinus igniarius polysaccharide and l-arginine modified chitosan as an alternative material to promote diabetes wound healing. PCD had a uniform porous structure, good thermal stability, excellent mechanical properties, high water absorption, excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities and good biocompatibility and biodegradability. In addition, in the full-thickness skin trauma model of diabetes, PCD significantly inhibited the JNK signaling pathway to reduce inflammatory response, and significantly down-regulated the expression of TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3 and Smad4 to directly inhibit the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway to accelerate wound healing and slow down scar formation in diabetes mice. Therefore, PCD has a broad application prospect in promoting diabetes wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Lifeng Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuwen Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Qiteng Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Guodong Chai
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Weimin Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ting Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China
| | - Liqian Shen
- Jilin Province Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Baishan 134600, China
| | - Yang Gao
- Jilin Province Jianwei Natural Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Baishan 134600, China
| | - Wencong Liu
- School of Food and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuzhou University, Wuzhou 543002, China.
| | - Chuanbo Ding
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jilin Agriculture Science and Technology College, Jilin 132101, China.
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8
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Miceli V. Use of priming strategies to advance the clinical application of mesenchymal stromal/stem cell-based therapy. World J Stem Cells 2024; 16:7-18. [PMID: 38292438 PMCID: PMC10824041 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v16.i1.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their remarkable therapeutic potential. MSCs play a pivotal role in maintaining tissue homeostasis and possess diverse functions in tissue repair and recovery in various organs. These cells are characterized by easy accessibility, few ethical concerns, and adaptability to in vitro cultures, making them a valuable resource for cell therapy in several clinical conditions. Over the years, it has been shown that the true therapeutic power of MSCs lies not in cell engraftment and replacement but in their ability to produce critical paracrine factors, including cytokines, growth factors, and exosomes (EXOs), which modulate the tissue microenvironment and facilitate repair and regeneration processes. Consequently, MSC-derived products, such as conditioned media and EXOs, are now being extensively evaluated for their potential medical applications, offering advantages over the long-term use of whole MSCs. However, the efficacy of MSC-based treatments varies in clinical trials due to both intrinsic differences resulting from the choice of diverse cell sources and non-standardized production methods. To address these concerns and to enhance MSC therapeutic potential, researchers have explored many priming strategies, including exposure to inflammatory molecules, hypoxic conditions, and three-dimensional culture techniques. These approaches have optimized MSC secretion of functional factors, empowering them with enhanced immunomodulatory, angiogenic, and regenerative properties tailored to specific medical conditions. In fact, various priming strategies show promise in the treatment of numerous diseases, from immune-related disorders to acute injuries and cancer. Currently, in order to exploit the full therapeutic potential of MSC therapy, the most important challenge is to optimize the modulation of MSCs to obtain adapted cell therapy for specific clinical disorders. In other words, to unlock the complete potential of MSCs in regenerative medicine, it is crucial to identify the most suitable tissue source and develop in vitro manipulation protocols specific to the type of disease being treated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitale Miceli
- Department of Research, Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione, Palermo 90127, Italy.
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9
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Zomer HD, de Souza Lima VJ, Bion MC, Brito KNL, Rode M, Stimamiglio MA, Jeremias TDS, Trentin AG. Evaluation of secretomes derived from human dermal and adipose tissue mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for skin wound healing: not as effective as cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:15. [PMID: 38229157 PMCID: PMC10792854 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03630-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the paracrine effects of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) have been recognized as crucial mediators of their regenerative effects on tissue repair, the potential of MSC secretomes as effective substitutes for cellular therapies remains underexplored. METHODS In this study, we compared MSCs from the human dermis (DSCs) and adipose tissue (ASCs) with their secretomes regarding their efficacy for skin wound healing using a translationally relevant murine model. RESULTS Proteomic analysis revealed that while there was a substantial overlap in protein composition between DSC and ASC secretomes, specific proteins associated with wound healing and angiogenesis were differentially expressed. Despite a similar angiogenic potential in vivo, DSC and ASC secretomes were found to be less effective than cells in accelerating wound closure and promoting tissue remodeling. CONCLUSIONS Overall, secretome-treated groups showed intermediary results between cells- and control-treated (empty scaffold) groups. These findings highlight that although secretomes possess therapeutic potential, their efficacy might be limited compared to cellular therapies. This study contributes to the growing understanding of MSC secretomes, emphasizes the need for further protocol optimization, and offers insights into their potential applications in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Debiazi Zomer
- Department of Physiological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Victor Juan de Souza Lima
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Monique Coelho Bion
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- National Institute of Translational Neuroscience, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Karynne Nazare Lins Brito
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Michele Rode
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Marco Augusto Stimamiglio
- Laboratory for Stem Cells Basic Biology, Carlos Chagas Institute, FIOCRUZ/PR, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Talita da Silva Jeremias
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Andrea Gonçalves Trentin
- Department of Cell Biology, Embryology, and Genetics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Regenerative Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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10
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Zang H, Wang Z, Wu Q, Shi L, Chen G. Effect of hypoxia on the expression of microRNA in extracellular vesicles of human umbilical cord stem cells in vitro. Cell Tissue Bank 2023; 24:769-778. [PMID: 37221283 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-023-10095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived extracellular vesicles, which have been shown to possess therapeutic effects for many diseases. However, how hypoxic conditions would affect exosomal microRNA expression in human umbilical cord MSCs (hUC-MSCs) is currently not investigated. This study aims to investigate the potential function of in vitro microRNAs of hUC-MSC cultured under normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Extracellular vesicles secreted from hUC-MSCs cultured in normoxic (21% O2) and hypoxic (5% O2) conditions were collected for microRNA identification. Zeta View Laser Scattering and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the size and morphology of extracellular vesicles. qRT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of related microRNAs. The Gene Ontology and KEGG pathway were used to predict the function of microRNAs. Finally, the effects of hypoxia on the expression of related mRNAs and cellular activity were examined. This study identified 35 upregulated and 8 downregulated microRNAs in the hypoxia group. We performed target genes analysis to explore the potential function of these microRNA upregulated in the hypoxia group. Significant enrichment of the cell proliferation, pluripotency of stem cells, MAPK, Wnt, and adherens junction pathways were observed in the GO and KEGG pathways. Under hypoxic conditions, the expression levels of 7 target genes were lower than that of the normal environment. In conclusion, this study demonstrated for the first time that microRNA expression in extracellular vesicles of human umbilical vein stem cells cultured under hypoxia is different from that under normal conditions, and these microRNAs may be markers for detecting hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifen Zang
- Department of Obstetrics, The NO. 8 People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266100, China.
| | - Zhaohui Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, The NO. 8 People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Qingqing Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, The NO. 8 People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Obstetrics, The NO. 8 People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266100, China
| | - Ge Chen
- Department of Obstetrics, The NO. 8 People's Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, 266100, China
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11
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Sohrabi K, Ahmadi H, Amini A, Ahrabi B, Mostafavinia A, Omidi H, Mirzaei M, Fadaei Fathabady F, Fridoni M, Rahmannia M, Chien S, Bayat M. Promising improvement in infected Wound Healing in Type two Diabetic rats by Combined effects of conditioned medium of human adipose-derived stem cells plus Photobiomodulation. Lab Anim Res 2023; 39:29. [PMID: 37964303 PMCID: PMC10648630 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-023-00178-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to examine the accompanying and solo impacts of conditioned medium of human adipose-derived stem cells (h-ASC-COM) and photobiomodulation (PBM) on the maturation stage of an ischemic infected delayed-healing wound model (IIDHWM) of rats with type 2 diabetes (TIIDM). RESULTS Outcomes of the wound closure ratio (WCR) results, tensiometrical microbiological, and stereological assessment followed almost identical patterns. While the outcomes of h-ASC-COM + PBM, PBM only, and h-ASC-COM only regimes were significantly better for all evaluated methods than those of group 1(all, p < 0.001), PBM alone and h-ASC-COM + PBM therapy achieved superior results than h-ASC-COM only (ranged from p = 0.05 to p < 0.001). In terms of tensiometrical and stereological examinations, the results of h-ASC-COM + PBM experienced better results than the PBM only (all, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS h-ASC-COM + PBM, PBM, and h-ASC-COM cures expressively accelerated the maturation stage in the wound healing process of IIDHWM with MRSA in TIIDM rats by diminishing the inflammatory reaction, and the microbial flora of MRSA; and increasing wound strength, WCR, number of fibroblasts, and new blood vessels. While the h-ASC-COM + PBM and PBM were more suitable than the effect of h-ASC-COM, the results of h-ASC-COM + PBM were superior to PBM only.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaysan Sohrabi
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Houssein Ahmadi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdollah Amini
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behnaz Ahrabi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atarodalsadat Mostafavinia
- Department of Anatomical Sciences and Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Omidi
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Mirzaei
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Fadaei Fathabady
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammadjavad Fridoni
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Rahmannia
- School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sufan Chien
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville and Noveratech LLC, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Mohammad Bayat
- Price Institute of Surgical Research, University of Louisville and Noveratech LLC, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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12
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Bastidas JG, Maurmann N, Scholl JN, Weber AF, Silveira RP, Figueiró F, Stimamiglio MA, Marcon B, Correa A, Pranke P. Secretome of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and its extracellular vesicles improves keratinocytes migration, viability, and attenuation of H 2 O 2 -induced cytotoxicity. Wound Repair Regen 2023; 31:827-841. [PMID: 38038971 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Therapies for wound healing using the secretome and extracellular vesicles (EVs) of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells have been shown to be successful in preclinical studies. This study aimed to characterise the protein content of the secretome from stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) and analyse the in vitro effects of SHED-conditioned medium (SHED-CM) and SHED extracellular vesicles (SHED-EVs) on keratinocytes. EVs were isolated and characterised. The keratinocyte viability and migration of cells treated with SHED-EVs and conditioned medium (CM) were evaluated. An HaCaT apoptosis model induced by H2 O2 in vitro was performed with H2 O2 followed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and live/dead assays. Finally, the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in keratinocytes treated with secretome and EVs was evaluated by immunofluorescence staining and confirmed with RT-qPCR. SHED-EVs revealed a cup-shaped morphology with expression of the classical markers for exosomes CD9 and CD63, and a diameter of 181 ± 87 nm. The internalisation of EVs by HaCaT cells was confirmed by fluorescence microscopy. Proteomic analysis identified that SHED-CM is enriched with proteins related to stress response and development, including cytokines (CXCL8, IL-6, CSF1, CCL2) and growth factors (IGF2, MYDGF, PDGF). The results also indicated that 50% CM and 0.4-0.6 μg/mL EVs were similarly efficient for improving keratinocyte viability, migration, and attenuation of H2 O2 -induced cytotoxicity. Additionally, expression of VEGF on keratinocytes increased when treated with SHED secretome and EVs. Furthermore, VEGF gene expression in keratinocytes increased significantly when treated with SHED secretome and EVs. Both SHED-CM and SHED-EVs may therefore be promising therapeutic tools for accelerating re-epithelialization in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Girón Bastidas
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Natasha Maurmann
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliete Nathali Scholl
- Post Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Augusto Ferreira Weber
- Post Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Raíssa Padilha Silveira
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fabricio Figueiró
- Post Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Biochemistry Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Marco Augusto Stimamiglio
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Bruna Marcon
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Correa
- Stem Cells Basic Biology Laboratory, Instituto Carlos Chagas, FIOCRUZ/PR, Rua Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Patricia Pranke
- Hematology & Stem Cell Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Stem Cell Research Institute (Instituto de Pesquisa com Células-tronco), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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13
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Andalib E, Kashfi M, Mahmoudvand G, Rezaei E, Mahjoor M, Torki A, Afkhami H. Application of hypoxia-mesenchymal stem cells in treatment of anaerobic bacterial wound infection: wound healing and infection recovery. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1251956. [PMID: 37869672 PMCID: PMC10586055 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1251956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells, commonly referred to as MSCs, are a type of multipotent stem cells that are typically extracted from adipose tissue and bone marrow. In the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, MSCs and their exosomes have emerged as revolutionary tools. Researchers are now devoting greater attention to MSCs because of their ability to generate skin cells like fibroblasts and keratinocytes, as well as their distinctive potential to decrease inflammation and emit pro-angiogenic molecules at the site of wounds. More recent investigations revealed that MSCs can exert numerous direct and indirect antimicrobial effects that are immunologically mediated. Collectively, these antimicrobial properties can remove bacterial infections when the MSCs are delivered in a therapeutic setting. Regardless of the positive therapeutic potential of MSCs for a multitude of conditions, transplanted MSC cell retention continues to be a major challenge. Since MSCs are typically administered into naturally hypoxic tissues, understanding the impact of hypoxia on the functioning of MSCs is crucial. Hypoxia has been postulated to be among the factors determining the differentiation of MSCs, resulting in the production of inflammatory cytokines throughout the process of tissue regeneration and wound repair. This has opened new horizons in developing MSC-based systems as a potent therapeutic tool in oxygen-deprived regions, including anaerobic wound infection sites. This review sheds light on the role of hypoxia-MSCs in the treatment of anaerobic bacterial wound infection in terms of both their regenerative and antimicrobial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elahe Andalib
- Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kashfi
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Golnaz Mahmoudvand
- Student Research Committee, USERN Office, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Elaheh Rezaei
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Mohamad Mahjoor
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Torki
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamed Afkhami
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
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14
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Ghahremani-Nasab M, Del Bakhshayesh AR, Akbari-Gharalari N, Mehdipour A. Biomolecular and cellular effects in skin wound healing: the association between ascorbic acid and hypoxia-induced factor. J Biol Eng 2023; 17:62. [PMID: 37784137 PMCID: PMC10546749 DOI: 10.1186/s13036-023-00380-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin serves as a barrier to protect the body from environmental microorganisms and is the largest tissue of the body and any damage must be quickly and effectively repaired. The fundamental purpose of dermal fibroblasts is to produce and secrete extracellular matrix, which is crucial for healing wounds. The production of collagen by dermal fibroblasts requires the cofactor ascorbic acid, a free radical scavenger. In skin wounds, the presence of Ascorbic acid (AA) decreases the expression of pro-inflammatory factors and increases the expression of wound-healing factors. In addition, AA plays an important role in all three phases of wound healing, including inflammation, proliferation, and regeneration. On the other hand, growing evidence indicates that hypoxia improves the wound healing performance of mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned medium compared to the normoxic-conditioned medium. In a hypoxic-conditioned medium, the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and keratinocytes (important cells in accelerating skin wound healing) increase. In this review, the role of AA, hypoxia, and their interactions on wound healing will be discussed and summarized by the in vitro and in vivo studies conducted to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Ghahremani-Nasab
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Azizeh Rahmani Del Bakhshayesh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Naeimeh Akbari-Gharalari
- Department of Neurosciences and Cognition, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ahmad Mehdipour
- Department of Tissue Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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15
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Bosholm CC, Zhu H, Yu P, Cheng K, Murphy SV, McNutt PM, Zhang Y. Therapeutic Benefits of Stem Cells and Exosomes for Sulfur-Mustard-Induced Tissue Damage. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9947. [PMID: 37373093 PMCID: PMC10298660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a highly toxic chemical agent that causes severe tissue damage, particularly to the eyes, lungs, and skin. Despite advances in treatment, there is a need for more effective therapies for SM-induced tissue injury. Stem cell and exosome therapies are emerging as promising approaches for tissue repair and regeneration. Stem cells can differentiate into multiple cell types and promote tissue regeneration, while exosomes are small vesicles that can deliver therapeutic cargo to target cells. Several preclinical studies demonstrated the potential of stem cell, exosome, or combination therapy for various tissue injury, showing improvements in tissue repairing, inflammation, and fibrosis. However, there are also challenges associated with these therapies, such as the requirement for standardized methods for exosome isolation and characterization, the long-term safety and efficacy and reduced SM-induced tissue injury of these therapies. Stem cell or exosome therapy was used for SM-induced eye and lung injury. Despite the limited data on the use for SM-induced skin injury, this therapy is a promising area of research and may offer new treatment options in the future. In this review, we focused on optimizing these therapies, evaluating their safety and efficacy, and comparing their efficacy to other emerging therapeutic approaches potentially for SM-induced tissue injury in the eye, lung, and skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Christine Bosholm
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (C.C.B.); (H.Z.); (P.Y.); (S.V.M.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Hainan Zhu
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (C.C.B.); (H.Z.); (P.Y.); (S.V.M.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Pengfei Yu
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (C.C.B.); (H.Z.); (P.Y.); (S.V.M.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Kun Cheng
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA;
| | - Sean Vincent Murphy
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (C.C.B.); (H.Z.); (P.Y.); (S.V.M.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Patrick Michael McNutt
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (C.C.B.); (H.Z.); (P.Y.); (S.V.M.); (P.M.M.)
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA; (C.C.B.); (H.Z.); (P.Y.); (S.V.M.); (P.M.M.)
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16
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Miceli V, Zito G, Bulati M, Gallo A, Busà R, Iannolo G, Conaldi PG. Different priming strategies improve distinct therapeutic capabilities of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells: Potential implications for their clinical use. World J Stem Cells 2023; 15:400-420. [PMID: 37342218 PMCID: PMC10277962 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v15.i5.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) have shown significant therapeutic potential, and have therefore been extensively investigated in preclinical studies of regenerative medicine. However, while MSCs have been shown to be safe as a cellular treatment, they have usually been therapeutically ineffective in human diseases. In fact, in many clinical trials it has been shown that MSCs have moderate or poor efficacy. This inefficacy appears to be ascribable primarily to the heterogeneity of MSCs. Recently, specific priming strategies have been used to improve the therapeutic properties of MSCs. In this review, we explore the literature on the principal priming approaches used to enhance the preclinical inefficacy of MSCs. We found that different priming strategies have been used to direct the therapeutic effects of MSCs toward specific pathological processes. Particularly, while hypoxic priming can be used primarily for the treatment of acute diseases, inflammatory cytokines can be used mainly to prime MSCs in order to treat chronic immune-related disorders. The shift in approach from regeneration to inflammation implies, in MSCs, a shift in the production of functional factors that stimulate regenerative or anti-inflammatory pathways. The opportunity to fine-tune the therapeutic properties of MSCs through different priming strategies could conceivably pave the way for optimizing their therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitale Miceli
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Giovanni Zito
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Matteo Bulati
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Alessia Gallo
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Rosalia Busà
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Gioacchin Iannolo
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
| | - Pier Giulio Conaldi
- Department of Research, IRCCS ISMETT (Istituto Mediterraneo per i Trapianti e Terapie ad alta Specializzazione), Palermo 90127, Italy
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17
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Zhao K, Kong C, Shi N, Jiang J, Li P. Potential angiogenic, immunomodulatory, and antifibrotic effects of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in systemic sclerosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1125257. [PMID: 37251412 PMCID: PMC10213547 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1125257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an intricate systemic autoimmune disease with pathological features such as vascular injury, immune dysregulation, and extensive fibrosis of the skin and multiple organs. Treatment options are limited; however, recently, mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have been acknowledged in preclinical and clinical trials as being useful in treating autoimmune diseases and are likely superior to MSCs alone. Recent research has also shown that MSC-EVs can ameliorate SSc and the pathological changes in vasculopathy, immune dysfunction, and fibrosis. This review summarizes the therapeutic effects of MSC-EVs on SSc and the mechanisms that have been discovered to provide a theoretical basis for future studies on the role of MSC-EVs in treating SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelin Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chenfei Kong
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Naixu Shi
- Department of Stomatology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jinlan Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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18
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Ren H, Liu M, Jihu Y, Zeng H, Yao C, Yan H. Hypoxia activates the PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α pathway to promote the anti-inflammatory effect of adipose mesenchymal stem cells. Acta Histochem 2023; 125:152042. [PMID: 37137202 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2023.152042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of hypoxia on the anti-inflammatory effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) in vitro and its possible mechanism. AMSCs were cultured in vitro in a hypoxic environment with 3% O2, and a normoxic (21% O2) environment was used as the control. The cells were identified by in vitro adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation and cell surface antigen detection, and the cell viability were detected. The effect of hypoxic AMSCs on macrophage inflammation was analyzed by co-culture. The results showed that under hypoxia, AMSCs had better viability, significantly downregulated the expression of inflammatory factors, alleviated macrophage inflammation, and activated the PI3K/AKT/HIF-1α pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjing Ren
- Southwest Medical University, NO.1 Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Mengchang Liu
- Southwest Medical University, NO.1 Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Yueda Jihu
- Southwest Medical University, NO.1 Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Huizhen Zeng
- Southwest Medical University, NO.1 Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Chong Yao
- Southwest Medical University, NO.1 Section 1, Xianglin Road, Luzhou City, Sichuan Province 646000, China
| | - Hong Yan
- Department of Plastic and Burn Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, National Key Clinical Construction Specialty, Wound Repair and Regeneration Laboratory, NO.25 Taiping Street, Jiangyang District, Luzhou 646000 Sichuan Province, China.
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19
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Saadh MJ, Ramírez-Coronel AA, Saini RS, Arias-Gonzáles JL, Amin AH, Gavilán JCO, Sârbu I. Advances in mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based therapy and their extracellular vesicles for skin wound healing. Hum Cell 2023:10.1007/s13577-023-00904-8. [PMID: 37067766 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00904-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a dynamic and complicated process containing overlapping phases. Presently, definitive therapy is not available, and the investigation into optimal wound care is influenced by the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of developing therapies. Accumulating evidence demonstrated the potential role of mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (MSC) therapy in several tissue injuries and diseases due to their high proliferation and differentiation abilities along with an easy collection procedure, low tumorigenesis, and immuno-privileged status. MSCs have also accelerated wound repair in all phases through their advantageous properties, such as accelerating wound closure, improving re-epithelialization, elevating angiogenesis, suppressing inflammation, and modulating extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. In addition, the beneficial therapeutic impacts of MSCs are largely associated with their paracrine functions, including extracellular vesicles (EVs). Exosomes and microvesicles are the two main subgroups of EVs. These vesicles are heterogeneous bilayer membrane structures that contain several proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. EVs have emerged as a promising alternative to stem cell-based therapies because of their lower immunogenicity, tumorigenicity, and ease of management. MSCs from various sources have been widely investigated in skin wound healing and regeneration. Considering these features, in this review, we highlighted recent studies that the investigated therapeutic potential of various MSCs and MSC-EVs in skin damages and wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Andrés Alexis Ramírez-Coronel
- Azogues Campus Nursing Career, Health and Behavior Research Group (HBR), Psychometry and Ethology Laboratory, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca, Ecuador
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Group, CES University, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - José Luis Arias-Gonzáles
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Studies, Pontifical University of Peru, San Miguel, Peru
| | - Ali H Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | | | - Ioan Sârbu
- 2nd Department of Surgery, Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, "Grigore T. Popa", University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115, Iași, Romania.
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20
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Li S, Ding X, Yan X, Qian J, Tan Q. ceAF Ameliorates Diabetic Wound Healing by Alleviating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress via TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2 Pathways. J Diabetes Res 2023; 2023:2422303. [PMID: 37064758 PMCID: PMC10098416 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2422303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. With the rise in diabetes incidence, diabetic foot ulcers have become the most common clinically chronic refractory wounds. Persistent chronic inflammation is a typical feature of diabetic cutaneous wounds, and diabetic wound healing can be improved by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress. Chick early amniotic fluids (ceAF) consist of native conglutinant substances with balanced amounts of growth factors, cytokines, and chemokines. However, whether ceAF modulates inflammation and oxidative stress and thus promotes diabetic wound healing remains unknown. Materials and Methods. RAW264.7 cells were categorized into four groups: negative control, LPS, LPS + ceAF, and ceAF. 10% of ceAF was selected to treat different groups of mice with a full-thickness skin defect wound. Then, RT-qPCR, western blot, immunofluorescence, and other assays were carried out to explore the effect of ceAF on wound healing and its molecular mechanism. Results. Topical administration of ceAF improved M2 macrophage polarization and inflammatory response in the wound tissues, thereby ameliorating delayed wound healing. Histological improvement could be observed in the grade of inflammation, collagen deposition, and neovascularization in wound edge tissues. ceAF also increased M2 macrophage-specific markers expression and exogenous ceAF suppressed LPS-induced cellular inflammatory response in vitro high glucose environment. Additionally, ceAF could activate TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2 signal transductions to promote M2 macrophage polarization in vitro. Conclusions. In summary, ceAF downregulates inflammatory response, regulates M2 macrophage transition via TLR4/NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways, and thus improves diabetic wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyan Li
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaofeng Ding
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Yan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Qian
- Anhui Hygeiancells BioMedical Co. Ltd., Huangshan, Anhui, China
- Stem Cell Application Research Center, The Hangzhou Branch of Yangtze Delta Region Institute of Tsinghua University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310019, China
| | - Qian Tan
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, NO. 321, Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Anqing Shihua Hospital, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Group, Anqing 246002, China
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21
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Xu L, Sima Y, Xiao C, Chen Y. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stromal cells: a promising treatment for pelvic floor dysfunction. Hum Cell 2023; 36:937-949. [PMID: 36940057 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00887-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFDs), which include pelvic organ prolapse (POP), stress urinary incontinence (SUI) and anal incontinence (AI), are common degenerative diseases in women that have dramatic effects on quality of life. The pathology of PFDs is based on impaired pelvic connective tissue supportive strength due to an imbalance in extracellular matrix (ECM) metabolism, the loss of a variety of cell types, such as fibroblasts, muscle cells, peripheral nerve cells, and oxidative stress and inflammation in the pelvic environment. Fortunately, exosomes, which are one of the major secretions of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), are involved in intercellular communication and the modulation of molecular activities in recipient cells via their contents, which are bioactive proteins and genetic factors such as mRNAs and miRNAs. These components modify fibroblast activation and secretion, facilitate ECM modelling, and promote cell proliferation to enhance pelvic tissue regeneration. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms and future directions of exosomes derived from MSCs that are of great value in the treatment of PFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leimei Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 ShenYang Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Yizhen Sima
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 ShenYang Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengzhen Xiao
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 ShenYang Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China
| | - Yisong Chen
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 ShenYang Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine-Related Diseases, Shanghai, China.
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22
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Areny-Balagueró A, Solé-Porta A, Camprubí-Rimblas M, Campaña-Duel E, Ceccato A, Roig A, Closa D, Artigas A. Bioengineered extracellular vesicles: future of precision medicine for sepsis. Intensive Care Med Exp 2023; 11:11. [PMID: 36894763 PMCID: PMC9998145 DOI: 10.1186/s40635-023-00491-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is a syndromic response to infection and is frequently a final common pathway to death from many infectious diseases worldwide. The complexity and high heterogeneity of sepsis hinder the possibility to treat all patients with the same protocol, requiring personalized management. The versatility of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their contribution to sepsis progression bring along promises for one-to-one tailoring sepsis treatment and diagnosis. In this article, we critically review the endogenous role of EVs in sepsis progression and how current advancements have improved EVs-based therapies toward their translational future clinical application, with innovative strategies to enhance EVs effect. More complex approaches, including hybrid and fully synthetic nanocarriers that mimic EVs, are also discussed. Several pre-clinical and clinical studies are examined through the review to offer a general outlook of the current and future perspectives of EV-based sepsis diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Areny-Balagueró
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Anna Solé-Porta
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marta Camprubí-Rimblas
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Present Address: Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES-Instituto De Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Campaña-Duel
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
| | - Adrián Ceccato
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Present Address: Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES-Instituto De Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Anna Roig
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, ICMAB-CSIC, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Daniel Closa
- Institut d’Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IIBB-CSIC), 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antonio Artigas
- Institut d’Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT), Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
- Present Address: Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, CIBERES-Instituto De Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Servei de Medicina Intensiva, Corporació Sanitària i Universitària Parc Taulí, 08208 Sabadell, Spain
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23
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HuMSC-EV induce monocyte/macrophage mobilization to orchestrate neovascularization in wound healing process following radiation injury. Cell Death Dis 2023; 9:38. [PMID: 36725841 PMCID: PMC9892506 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the mechanisms of human mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (HuMSC-EV)-induced proangiogenic paracrine effects after radiation injury. HuMSC-EV were locally administered in mice hindlimb following 80-Gy X-ray irradiation and animals were monitored at different time points. HuMSC-EV improved neovascularization of the irradiated tissue, by stimulating angiogenesis, normalizing cutaneous blood perfusion, and increasing capillary density and production of proangiogenic factors. HuMSC-EV also stimulated vasculogenesis by promoting the recruitment and differentiation of bone marrow progenitors. Moreover, HuMSC-EV improved arteriogenesis by increasing the mobilization of monocytes from the spleen and the bone marrow and their recruitment into the muscle, with a pro-inflammatory potential. Importantly, monocyte depletion by clodronate treatment abolished the proangiogenic effect of HuMSC-EV. The critical role of Ly6C(hi) monocyte subset in HuMSC-EV-induced neovascularization process was further confirmed using Ccr2-/- mice. This study demonstrates that HuMSC-derived EV enhances the neovascularization process in the irradiated tissue by increasing the production of proangiogenic factors, promoting the recruitment of vascular progenitor cells, and the mobilization of innate cells to the injured site. These results support the concept that HuMSC-EV might represent a suitable alternative to stem cells for therapeutic neovascularization in tissue repair.
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24
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Yu X, Liu P, Li Z, Zhang Z. Function and mechanism of mesenchymal stem cells in the healing of diabetic foot wounds. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1099310. [PMID: 37008908 PMCID: PMC10061144 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1099310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes has become a global public health problem. Diabetic foot is one of the most severe complications of diabetes, which often places a heavy economic burden on patients and seriously affects their quality of life. The current conventional treatment for the diabetic foot can only relieve the symptoms or delay the progression of the disease but cannot repair damaged blood vessels and nerves. An increasing number of studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can promote angiogenesis and re-epithelialization, participate in immune regulation, reduce inflammation, and finally repair diabetic foot ulcer (DFU), rendering it an effective means of treating diabetic foot disease. Currently, stem cells used in the treatment of diabetic foot are divided into two categories: autologous and allogeneic. They are mainly derived from the bone marrow, umbilical cord, adipose tissue, and placenta. MSCs from different sources have similar characteristics and subtle differences. Mastering their features to better select and use MSCs is the premise of improving the therapeutic effect of DFU. This article reviews the types and characteristics of MSCs and their molecular mechanisms and functions in treating DFU to provide innovative ideas for using MSCs to treat diabetic foot and promote wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Yu
- School of Medicine and Nursing, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Pan Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Li
- People’s Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhengdong Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- *Correspondence: Zhengdong Zhang,
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25
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Shang L, Zhang R, Yan J, Lu Y, Zhang S, Sun Y, Cheng H, Liu Y, Lin J. Sustainable Production and Activity Determination of Serum-Free Conditioned Medium from Menstrual Blood-Derived Endometrial Stem Cells. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:1109-1121. [PMID: 36327033 PMCID: PMC9630812 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have exhibited great potential as a regenerative medicine, and MSC-derived paracrine effects, mainly including the secretion of various bioactive factors, play critical roles in MSC-based therapies. MSC-derived serum-free conditioned medium (MSC-CM) is defined as the secretome of MSC-derived bioactive factors and is considered a new cell-free therapeutic agent for disease treatment. However, the MSC-CM used in previous studies was prepared by a nearly disposable method that the MSCs were discarded after preparing MSC-CM, and the preparation time was variable; simultaneously, the viability changes of MSCs after MSC-CM preparation are still unknown. Therefore, this study takes MenSCs as a research project and aims to explore the suitable period of sustainable MenSC-CM preparation rather than using a disposable method. As expected, our results confirmed that MenSC-CM improves viability of both naïve targeted cells and H2O2-injured targeted cells, and suggested that 36 h is suitable for sustainable MenSC-CM preparation in which the angiogenic factors almost reach to the peak. Simultaneously, the MenSCs used to prepare the MenSC-CM for 36 h also maintained preferable cell viability and could be sustainably used for further MenSC-CM preparation. Moreover, the in vivo results further confirmed the improvement of MenSC-CM on promoting skin wound healing. Consequently, our results not only provide support for optimizing MSC-CM sustainable preparation based on various MSCs but also promote the comprehensive application of MenSCs in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingrui Shang
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan Province China
| | - Ruiyun Zhang
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan Province China
| | - Jiaxing Yan
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
| | - Yilin Lu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan Province China
| | - Shenghui Zhang
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan Province China
| | - Yuliang Sun
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan Province China ,College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
| | - Hongbin Cheng
- College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China ,The Third Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039 China
| | - Yanli Liu
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan Province China
| | - Juntang Lin
- Stem Cell and Biotherapy Technology Research Center, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, East of JinSui Road, Xinxiang, 453003 Henan Province China ,College of Biomedical Engineering, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003 China
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26
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Guiding stem cells for cutaneous repair. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 4:100145. [PMID: 36544814 PMCID: PMC9761596 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The significance of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue repair and regeneration is widely recognized. The pleiotropic nature of MSCs is demonstrated by their potential for proliferation and differentiation, and paracrine secretions, thereby making them ideal candidates for cell replacement therapy. Tissue resident MSCs are engaged in homeostasis under normal wear and tear. However, stem cell therapy may be applicable if damage cannot be repaired by normal homeostatic mechanisms. The safety of MSCs has been clearly established in clinical trials but their efficacy remains questionable. The efficacy of MSCs depends on several factors, such as their viability, functional status in terms of secretome secretions, and the in-vivo scenario after transplantation. The performance of MSCs is regulated by their micro-environmental conditions and cues. The so-called MSC niche comprises physical, chemical, and biological components, which play key roles in determining the fate of MSCs. MSCs scaled up for transplantation purposes comprise a disorganized mass of cells, which needs to be directed to perform the required function. Thus, MSCs need to be directed toward an expected target activity in human patients. This review focuses on the various methods that can be used to guide stem cells for cutaneous repair.
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27
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Selenium-Stimulated Exosomes Enhance Wound Healing by Modulating Inflammation and Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911543. [PMID: 36232844 PMCID: PMC9570007 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes have emerged as an attractive cell-free tool in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The current study aimed to examine the anti-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic, and wound-repair effects of both exosomes and selenium-stimulated exosomes, and check whether the latter had superior wound healing capacity over others. The cellular and molecular network of exosomes, as a paracrine signal, was extensively studied by performing miRNA arrays to explore the key mediators of exosomes in wound healing. Selenium is known to play a critical role in enhancing the proliferation, multi-potency, and anti-inflammatory effects of MSCs. Selenium-stimulated exosomes showed significant effects in inhibiting inflammation and improving pro-angiogenesis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Cell growth and the migration of human dermal fibroblasts and wound regeneration were more enhanced in the selenium-stimulated exosome group than in the selenium and exosome groups, thereby further promoting the wound healing in vivo. Taken together, selenium was found to augment the therapeutic effects of adipose MSC-derived exosomes in tissue regeneration. We concluded that selenium may be considered a vital agent for wound healing in stem cell-based cell-free therapies.
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28
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Liu N, Bowen CM, Shoja MM, Castro de Pereira KL, Dongur LP, Saad A, Russell WK, Broderick TC, Fair JH, Fagg WS. Comparative Analysis of Co-Cultured Amniotic Cell-Conditioned Media with Cell-Free Amniotic Fluid Reveals Differential Effects on Epithelial–Mesenchymal Transition and Myofibroblast Activation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10092189. [PMID: 36140291 PMCID: PMC9495976 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10092189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myofibroblast activation is a cellular response elicited by a variety of physiological or pathological insults whereby cells initiate a coordinated response intended to eradicate the insult and then revert back to a basal state. However, an underlying theme in various disease states is persistent myofibroblast activation that fails to resolve. Based on multiple observations, we hypothesized that the secreted factors harvested from co-culturing amniotic stem cells might mimic the anti-inflammatory state that cell-free amniotic fluid (AF) elicits. We optimized an amnion epithelial and amniotic fluid cell co-culture system, and tested this hypothesis in the context of myofibroblast activation. However, we discovered that co-cultured amniotic cell conditioned media (coACCM) and AF have opposing effects on myofibroblast activation: coACCM activates the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stimulates gene expression patterns associated with myofibroblast activation, while AF does the opposite. Intriguingly, extracellular vesicles (EVs) purified from AF are necessary and sufficient to activate EMT and inflammatory gene expression patterns, while the EV-depleted AF potently represses these responses. In summary, these data indicate that coACCM stimulates myofibroblast activation, while AF represses it. We interpret these findings to suggest that coACCM, AF, and fractionated AF represent unique biologics that elicit different cellular responses that are correlated with a wide variety of pathological states, and therefore could have broad utility in the clinic and the lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiyou Liu
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Charles M. Bowen
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Mohammadali M. Shoja
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | | | - Laxmi Priya Dongur
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- John Sealy School of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Antonio Saad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - William K. Russell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Thomas Christopher Broderick
- Merakris Therapeutics, RTP Frontier, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
- Golden LEAF Biomanufacturing Training and Education Center, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA
| | - Jeffrey H. Fair
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - William Samuel Fagg
- Division of Transplant, Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
- Merakris Therapeutics, RTP Frontier, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(409)-772-2412; Fax: +1-(409)-747-7364
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29
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Urine-Derived Stem Cells for Epithelial Tissues Reconstruction and Wound Healing. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081669. [PMID: 36015295 PMCID: PMC9415563 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissue injury can occur on any surface site of the body, particularly in the skin or urethral mucosa tissue, due to trauma, infection, inflammation, and toxic compounds. Both internal and external body epithelial tissue injuries can significantly affect patients’ quality of life, increase healthcare spending, and increase the global economic burden. Transplantation of epithelial tissue grafts is an effective treatment strategy in clinical settings. Autologous bio-engineered epithelia are common clinical skin substitutes that have the specific advantages of avoiding tissue rejection, obviating ethical concerns, reducing the risk of infection, and decreasing scarring compared to donor grafts. However, epithelial cells are often obtained from the individual’s skin and mucosa through invasive methods, which cause further injury or damage. Urine-derived stem cells (USC) of kidney origin, obtained via non-invasive acquisition, possess high stemness properties, self-renewal ability, trophic effects, multipotent differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory ability. These cells show versatile potential for tissue regeneration, with extensive evidence supporting their use in the repair of epidermal and urothelial injuries. We discuss the collection, isolation, culture, characterization, and differentiation of USC. We also discuss the use of USC for cellular therapies as well as the administration of USC-derived paracrine factors for epidermal and urothelial tissue repair. Specifically, we will discuss 3D constructions involving multiple types of USC-loaded hydrogels and USC-seeded scaffolds for use in cosmetic production testing, drug development, and disease modeling. In conclusion, urine-derived stem cells are a readily accessible autologous stem cell source well-suited for developing personalized medical treatments in epithelial tissue regeneration and drug testing.
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DPSC Products Accelerate Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice through Induction of SMAD Molecules. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152409. [PMID: 35954256 PMCID: PMC9368341 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in diabetic wound care, many amputations are still needed each year due to their diabetic wounds, so a more effective therapy is warranted. Herein, we show that the dental pulp-derived stem cell (DPSC) products are effective in wound healing in diabetic NOD/SCID mice. Our results showed that the topical application of DPSC secretory products accelerated wound closure by inducing faster re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and recellularization. In addition, the number of neutrophils producing myeloperoxidase, which mediates persisting inflammation, was also reduced. NFκB and its downstream effector molecules like IL-6 cause sustained pro-inflammatory activity and were reduced after the application of DPSC products in the experimental wounds. Moreover, the DPSC products also inhibited the activation of NFκB, and its translocation to the nucleus, by which it initiates the inflammation. Furthermore, the levels of TGF-β, and IL-10, potent anti-inflammatory molecules, were also increased after the addition of DPSC products. Mechanistically, we showed that this wound-healing process was mediated by the upregulation and activation of Smad 1 and 2 molecules. In sum, we have defined the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which DPSC products accelerated diabetic wound closure, which can be used to treat diabetic wounds in the near future.
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31
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Kim JH, Green DS, Ju YM, Harrison M, Vaughan JW, Atala A, Lee SJ, Jackson JD, Nykiforuk C, Yoo JJ. Identification and characterization of stem cell secretome-based recombinant proteins for wound healing applications. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:954682. [PMID: 35935504 PMCID: PMC9354600 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.954682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells have been introduced as a promising therapy for acute and chronic wounds, including burn injuries. The effects of stem cell-based wound therapies are believed to result from the secreted bioactive molecules produced by stem cells. Therefore, treatments using stem cell-derived conditioned medium (CM) (referred to as secretome) have been proposed as an alternative option for wound care. However, safety and regulatory concerns exist due to the uncharacterized biochemical content and variability across different batches of CM samples. This study presents an alternative treatment strategy to mitigate these concerns by using fully characterized recombinant proteins identified by the CM analysis to promote pro-regenerative healing. This study analyzed the secretome profile generated from human placental stem cell (hPSC) cultures and identified nine predominantly expressed proteins (ANG-1, FGF-7, Follistatin, HGF, IL-6, Insulin, TGFβ-1, uPAR, and VEGF) that are known to contribute to wound healing and angiogenesis. These proteins, referred to as s (CMFs), were used in combination to test the effects on human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Our results showed that CMF treatment increased the HDF growth and accelerated cell migration and wound closure, similar to stem cell and CM treatments. In addition, the CMF treatment promoted angiogenesis by enhancing new vessel formation. These findings suggest that the defined CMF identified by the CM proteomic analysis could be an effective therapeutic solution for wound healing applications. Our strategy eliminates the regulatory concerns present with stem cell-derived secretomes and could be developed as an off-the-shelf product for immediate wound care and accelerating healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Hyun Kim
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Ji Hyun Kim,
| | - Denethia S. Green
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Young Min Ju
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Mollie Harrison
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - J. William Vaughan
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Sang Jin Lee
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - John D. Jackson
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | | | - James J. Yoo
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
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Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells facilitate diabetic wound healing through the restoration of epidermal cell autophagy via the HIF-1α/TGF-β1/SMAD pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:314. [PMID: 35841007 PMCID: PMC9284495 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02996-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The biological activity and regenerative medicine of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) have been focal topics in the broad fields of diabetic wound repair. However, the molecular mechanisms are still largely elusive for other cellular processes that are regulated during BMSC treatment. Our previous studies have shown that hypoxia is not only a typical pathological phenomenon of wounds but also exerts a vital regulatory effect on cellular bioactivity. In this study, the beneficial effects of hypoxic BMSCs on the cellular behaviors of epidermal cells and diabetic wound healing were investigated. METHOD The viability and secretion ability of hypoxic BMSCs were detected. The autophagy, proliferation and migration of HaCaT cells cultured with hypoxic BMSCs-derived conditioned medium were assessed by estimating the expression of autophagy-related proteins, MTS, EdU proliferation and scratch assays. And the role of the SMAD signaling pathway during hypoxic BMSC-evoked HaCaT cell autophagy was explored through a series of in vitro gain- and loss-of-function experiments. Finally, the therapeutic effects of hypoxic BMSCs were evaluated using full-thickness cutaneous diabetic wound model. RESULTS First, we demonstrated that hypoxic conditions intensify HIF-1α-mediated TGF-β1 secretion by BMSCs. Then, the further data revealed that BMSC-derived TGF-β1 was responsible for the activation of epidermal cell autophagy, which contributed to the induction of epidermal cell proliferation and migration. Here, the SMAD signaling pathway was identified as downstream of BMSC-derived TGF-β1 to regulate HaCaT cell autophagy. Moreover, the administration of BMSCs to diabetic wounds increased epidermal autophagy and the rate of re-epithelialization, leading to accelerated healing, and these effects were significantly attenuated, accompanied by the downregulation of Smad2 phosphorylation levels due to TGF-β1 interference in BMSCs. CONCLUSION In this report, we present evidence that uncovers a previously unidentified role of hypoxic BMSCs in regulating epidermal cell autophagy. The findings demonstrate that BMSC-based treatment by restoring epidermal cell autophagy could be an attractive therapeutic strategy for diabetic wounds and that the process is mediated by the HIF-1α/TGF-β1/SMAD pathway.
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Hertel FC, da Silva AS, Sabino ADP, Valente FL, Reis ECC. Preconditioning Methods to Improve Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Bone Regeneration—A Systematic Review. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11050733. [PMID: 35625461 PMCID: PMC9138769 DOI: 10.3390/biology11050733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The evidence of the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), so-called stem cells, in several diseases relies mostly on the substances they secrete, including their extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are an important component of cell communication and they carry a cargo that is similar to their parent cell. Cells respond differently based on their microenvironment, and so it is expected that the therapeutic potential of these vesicles can be modulated by the enrichment of their parent cell microenvironment. With this in mind, we conducted a systematic search for papers that preconditioned MSCs and collected their EVs to assess their potential to favor bone formation. The results showed different methods for MSC preconditioning, including chemical induction, culture conditions, and genetic modifications. All methods were able to improve the therapeutic effects of the derived EVs for bone formation. However, the heterogeneity among studies—regarding the type of cell, EV concentration, and scaffolds—made it difficult to compare fairly the types of preconditioning methods. In summary, the microenvironment greatly influences MSCs, and using preconditioning methods can potentially improve the therapeutic effects of their derived EVs in bone regeneration and other bone diseases. Abstract Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have long been used in research for bone regeneration, with evidence of their beneficial properties. In the segmental area of MSC-based therapies, MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have also shown great therapeutic effects in several diseases, including bone healing. This study aimed to assess whether the conditioning of MSCs improves the therapeutic effects of their derived extracellular vesicles for bone regeneration. Electronic research was performed until February 2021 to recover the studies in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. The studies were screened based on the inclusion criteria. Relevant information was extracted, including in vitro and in vivo experiments, and the animal studies were evaluated for risk of bias by the SYRCLE tool. A total of 463 studies were retrieved, and 18 studies met the inclusion criteria (10 studies for their in vitro analysis, and 8 studies for their in vitro and in vivo analysis). The conditioning methods reported included: osteogenic medium; dimethyloxalylglycine; dexamethasone; strontium-substituted calcium silicate; hypoxia; 3D mechanical microenvironment; and the overexpression of miR-375, bone morphogenetic protein-2, and mutant hypoxia-inducible factor-1α. The conditioning methods of MSCs in the reported studies generate exosomes able to significantly promote bone regeneration. However, heterogeneity regarding cell source, conditioning method, EV isolation and concentration, and defect model was observed among the studies. The different conditioning methods reported in this review do improve the therapeutic effects of MSC-derived EVs for bone regeneration, but they still need to be addressed in larger animal models for further clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Campos Hertel
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa 36570-900, Brazil; (F.C.H.); (A.S.d.S.); (F.L.V.)
| | - Aline Silvestrini da Silva
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa 36570-900, Brazil; (F.C.H.); (A.S.d.S.); (F.L.V.)
| | - Adriano de Paula Sabino
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Brazil;
| | - Fabrício Luciani Valente
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa 36570-900, Brazil; (F.C.H.); (A.S.d.S.); (F.L.V.)
| | - Emily Correna Carlo Reis
- Veterinary Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Vicosa 36570-900, Brazil; (F.C.H.); (A.S.d.S.); (F.L.V.)
- Correspondence:
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Xu Z, Lin L, Fan Y, Huselstein C, De Isla N, He X, Chen Y, Li Y. Secretome of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Consecutive Hypoxic Cultures Promotes Resolution of Lung Inflammation by Reprogramming Anti-Inflammatory Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084333. [PMID: 35457151 PMCID: PMC9032661 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The secretome from hypoxia-preconditioned mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has been shown to promote resolution of inflammation and alleviate acute lung injury (ALI) through its immunomodulatory function. However, the effects of consecutive hypoxic culture on immunomodulatory function of the MSCs secretome are largely unclarified. Here, we intend to investigate the effects of consecutive hypoxia on therapeutic efficacy of conditioned medium derived from MSCs (MSCs-CM) in alleviating ALI. Human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (UC-MSCs) were consecutively cultured in 21% O2 (Nor-MSCs) or in 1% O2 (Hypo-MSCs) from passage 0. Their conditioned medium (Nor-CM and Hypo-CM respectively) was collected and administered into ALI models. Our findings confirmed that Hypo-MSCs exhibited increased proliferation ability and decreased cell senescence compared with Nor-MSCs. Consecutive hypoxia promoted UC-MSCs to secrete immunomodulatory cytokines, such as insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF1), IL10, TNFα-stimulated gene 6(TSG6), TGFβ, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Both Nor-CM and Hypo-CM could effectively limit lung inflammation, promote efferocytosis and modulate anti-inflammatory polarization of lung macrophages in ALI models. Moreover, the effects of Hypo-CM were more potent than Nor-CM. Taken together, our findings indicate that consecutive hypoxic cultures could not only promote both proliferation and quality of UC-MSCs, but also enhance the therapeutic efficacy of their secretome in mitigating lung inflammation by promoting efferocytosis and anti-inflammatory polarization of macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Y.F.); (X.H.); (Y.C.)
| | - Lulu Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Y.F.); (X.H.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuxuan Fan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Y.F.); (X.H.); (Y.C.)
| | - Céline Huselstein
- UMR 7365 CNRS, Medical School, University of Lorraine, 54505 Nancy, France; (C.H.); (N.D.I.)
| | - Natalia De Isla
- UMR 7365 CNRS, Medical School, University of Lorraine, 54505 Nancy, France; (C.H.); (N.D.I.)
| | - Xiaohua He
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Y.F.); (X.H.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yun Chen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Y.F.); (X.H.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yinping Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Taikang Medical School (School of Basic Medical Sciences), Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; (Z.X.); (L.L.); (Y.F.); (X.H.); (Y.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-27-6875-8727; Fax: +86-27-6875-9222
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Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Secreted TGF-β1 Restores Treg/Th17 Skewing Induced by Lipopolysaccharide and Hypoxia Challenge via miR-155 Suppression. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:5522828. [PMID: 35313652 PMCID: PMC8934213 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5522828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Regulatory T cell (Treg)/T helper (Th) 17 skewing is important in the development of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Immunomodulatory effects of mesenchymal stem cell- (MSC-) secreted transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β1 on CD4+ T cells are environment-sensitive and lack discussion in hypoxic and inflammatory conditions. Methods. Mouse splenic CD4+ T cells were precoated with anti-CD3 (5 μg/ml) and anti-CD28 (2 μg/ml) overnight. RAW264.7 cells were added as antigen-presenting cells (APCs). T cells with and without RAW264.7 cells were treated with various LPS concentrations of 0, 10, 100, and 1000 ng/ml or/and at hypoxia condition of 5% O2. Based on LPS (100 ng/ml) and hypoxia conditions (5% O2) as stimuli, MSCs were set as direct coculture or indirect coculture by transwell system. Anti-TGF-β1 neutralization antibody was added to explore the role of TGF-β1 among the soluble factors secreted by MSCs; miR-155 overexpression of CD4+ T cells was performed by transfection, and then, cells were added to the MSC-CD4+ T cell coculture system in hypoxic- and LPS-stimulated condition. After 48 hours, cells or supernatants were collected for detection of frequency of Treg and Th17 subsets, CD4+ T cell apoptosis and proliferation capacity assay by flow cytometry, secretion of INF-γ, IL-17A, IL-21, TGF-β1, and IL-10 by ELISA, and levels of miR-155, Rorc, Foxp3, and Ptpn2 mRNA expression of CD4+ T cells by RT-PCR. Results. MSCs could restore skewed Treg/Th17 induced by LPS and hypoxia compared to groups without MSCs with increased secretion of TGF-β1, IL-10, and IL-17A (
) and attenuate the increased expression of miR-155 in CD4+ T cells via cell-to-cell contact mechanism while TGF-β1 neutralization significantly inhibited the effects of MSCs restoring skewed Treg/Th17 and abolished its effect on miR-155 expression in CD4+ T cells. Conclusions. These findings suggested miR-155 suppression of CD4+ T cells mediated MSC-secreted TGF-β1 modulating skewed Treg/Th17 induced by LPS-hypoxia challenge, providing evidence when proposing future T lymphocyte-targeted cell therapy in a specific condition.
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Alagesan S, Brady J, Byrnes D, Fandiño J, Masterson C, McCarthy S, Laffey J, O’Toole D. Enhancement strategies for mesenchymal stem cells and related therapies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:75. [PMID: 35189962 PMCID: PMC8860135 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02747-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy, particularly mesenchymal stem/stromal (MSC) therapy, has been investigated for a wide variety of disease indications, particularly those with inflammatory pathologies. However, recently it has become evident that the MSC is far from a panacea. In this review we will look at current and future strategies that might overcome limitations in efficacy. Many of these take their inspiration from stem cell niche and the mechanism of MSC action in response to the injury microenvironment, or from previous gene therapy work which can now benefit from the added longevity and targeting ability of a live cell vector. We will also explore the nascent field of extracellular vesicle therapy and how we are already seeing enhancement protocols for this exciting new drug. These enhanced MSCs will lead the way in more difficult to treat diseases and restore potency where donors or manufacturing practicalities lead to diminished MSC effect.
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Zeng X, Yi X, Chen L, Zhang H, Zhou R, Wu J, Chen Y, Huang W, Zhang L, Zheng J, Xiao Y, Yang F. Characterization and bioassays of extracellular vesicles extracted by tangential flow filtration. Regen Med 2022; 17:141-154. [PMID: 35073731 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: To evaluate the efficiency of tangential flow filtration (TFF) in improving the yield of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (hucMSC-EVs) while promoting cell regeneration under oxidative stress. Methods: HucMSC-EVs were extracted from supernatants by ultracentrifugation (UC-EVs) and TFF (TFF-EVs), followed by feature characterization and bioactivity assays. Results: The yield of TFF-EVs increased 18-times compared with that of UC-EVs. TFF-EVs displayed proliferation-promoting ability similar to that of UC-EVs in the damaged HaCaT cell model with ultraviolet radiation B (UVB) and H2O2. Furthermore, the antiapoptotic effects of TFF-EVs were improved, whereby the apoptosis rate exhibited a 3.7-fold decrease. Conclusion: HucMSC-EVs extracted by TFF show a higher yield and rejuvenate the damaged HaCaT cells induced by oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Zeng
- Translational Medicine Research Laboratory, PLA Air Force Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510602, China.,Guangzhou Dude Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Xuerui Yi
- Central Research Laboratory, PLA Air Force Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510602, China
| | - Lixuan Chen
- Guangzhou Dude Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Haisong Zhang
- Central Research Laboratory, PLA Air Force Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510602, China
| | - Rongcheng Zhou
- Guangzhou Dude Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Jiwei Wu
- Guangzhou Dude Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Yuguang Chen
- Guangzhou Dude Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Wanyi Huang
- Guangzhou Dude Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Linyan Zhang
- Guangzhou Dude Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Guangzhou Dude Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510320, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Guangzhou Dude Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, 510320, China.,Stem Cell Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510260, China
| | - Fuqiang Yang
- Translational Medicine Research Laboratory, PLA Air Force Hospital of Southern Theatre Command, Guangzhou, 510602, China
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Bian D, Wu Y, Song G, Azizi R, Zamani A. The application of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and their derivative exosome in skin wound healing: a comprehensive review. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:24. [PMID: 35073970 PMCID: PMC8785459 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02697-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and also their exosome has become a game-changing tool in the context of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. MSCs due to their competencies to establish skin cells, such as fibroblast and keratinocyte, and also their unique attribute to suppress inflammation in wound site has attracted increasing attention among scholars. In addition, MSC's other capabilities to induce angiogenesis as a result of secretion of pro-angiogenic factors accompanied with marked anti-fibrotic activities, which mainly mediated by the releases matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), make them a rational and effective strategy to accelerate wound healing with a small scar. Since the chief healing properties of the MSCs depend on their paracrine effects, it appears that MSCs-derived exosomes also can be an alternative option to support wound healing and skin regeneration as an innovative cell-free approach. Such exosomes convey functional cargos (e.g., growth factor, cytokine, miRNA, etc.) from MSCs to target cells, thereby affecting the recipient skin cells' biological events, such as migration, proliferation, and also secretion of ECM components (e.g., collagen). The main superiorities of exosome therapy over parental MSCs are the diminished risk of tumor formation and also lower immunogenicity. Herein, we deliver an overview of recent in vivo reports rendering the therapeutic benefits of the MSCs-based therapies to ease skin wound healing, and so improving quality of life among patients suffering from such conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghui Bian
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, 960 Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army, Jinan, 250031 China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013 China
| | - Guodong Song
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250013 China
| | - Ramyar Azizi
- Department of Immunology, Medicine Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Zamani
- Shiraz Transplant Center, Abu Ali Sina Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Li P, Lu X, Hu J, Dai M, Yan J, Tan H, Yu P, Chen X, Zhang C. Human amniotic fluid derived-exosomes alleviate hypoxic encephalopathy by enhancing angiogenesis in neonatal mice after hypoxia. Neurosci Lett 2022; 768:136361. [PMID: 34826550 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.136361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy is a type of central nervous system dysfunction manifested by high mortality and morbidity. Exosomes play a crucial role in neuroprotection by enhancing angiogenesis. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of human amniotic fluid-derived exosomes (hAFEXOs) on functional recovery in neonatal hypoxic encephalopathy. The transwell assay, scratch wound healing assay, and tube formation assay were used to evaluate the effect of hAFEXOs on the angiogenesis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) after oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). The angiogenesis of microvascular endothelial cells (MECs) in the cortex was tested in neonatal mice treated with hAFEXOs or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) after hypoxia. Expressions of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the cerebral cortex were also tested by western blot. The Morris Water Maze Test (MWM) was carried out to detect the performance of spatial memory after processing with hAFEXOs or PBS. The results indicated that hAFEXOs favored tubing formation and migration of HUVECs after in vitro OGD. The hAFEXOs also favored the expression of CD31 in neonatal mice following hypoxia. The expressions of both HIF-1α and VEGF were significantly augmented in the cerebral cortex of neonatal mice which were treated with hAFEXOs. Moreover, the MWM test results showed that the performance of the spatial memory was better in the hAFEXO-treated group than in the PBS-treated group. Our study indicates that hAFEXOs alleviated hypoxic encephalopathy and enhanced angiogenesis in neonatal mice after hypoxia. In addition, hAFEXOs promoted migration and tube formation of HUVECs after OGD in vitro. These findings confirm that hAFEXOs show great potential for further studies aimed at developing therapeutic agents for hypoxic encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Li
- Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Hunan Engineering Research Center of Early Life Development and Disease Prevention, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaoxu Lu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jiajia Hu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Minhui Dai
- Department of Clinical Dietitian, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Jianqin Yan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Huiling Tan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410005, China
| | - Peilin Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Xuliang Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Chengliang Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
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Malhotra P, Shukla M, Meena P, Kakkar A, Khatri N, Nagar RK, Kumar M, Saraswat SK, Shrivastava S, Datt R, Pandey S. Mesenchymal stem cells are prospective novel off-the-shelf wound management tools. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:79-104. [PMID: 33580481 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-021-00925-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chronic/non-healing cutaneous wounds pose a debilitating burden on patients and healthcare system. Presently, treatment modalities are rapidly shifting pace from conventional methods to advanced wound care involving cell-based therapies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have come across as a prospective option due to its pleiotropic functions viz. non-immunogenicity, multipotency, multi-lineage plasticity and secretion of growth factors, cytokines, microRNAs (miRNA), exosomes, and microvesicles as part of their secretome for assisting wound healing. We outline the therapeutic role played by MSCs and its secretome in suppressing tissue inflammation, causing immunomodulation, aiding angiogenesis and assisting in scar-free wound healing. We further assess the mechanism of action by which MSCs contribute in manifesting tissue repair. The review flows ahead in exploring factors that influence healing behavior including effect of multiple donor sites, donor age and health status, tissue microenvironment, and in vitro expansion capability. Moving ahead, we overview the advancements achieved in extending the lifespan of cells upon implantation, influence of genetic modifications aimed at altering MSC cargo, and evaluating bioengineered matrix-assisted delivery methods toward faster healing in preclinical and clinical models. We also contribute toward highlighting the challenges faced in commercializing cell-based therapies as standard of care treatment regimens. Finally, we strongly advocate and highlight its application as a futuristic technology for revolutionizing tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Malhotra
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Manish Shukla
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Poonam Meena
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Anupama Kakkar
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Nitin Khatri
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Rakesh K Nagar
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Sumit K Saraswat
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Supriya Shrivastava
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Rajan Datt
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India
| | - Siddharth Pandey
- Department of Life Sciences, Datt Mediproducts Private Ltd, Roz Ka Meo Industrial Area, Distt. Mewat, Nuh, 122103, Haryana, India.
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Balsamo F, Tian Y, Pierro A, Li B. Amniotic fluid stem cells: A novel treatment for necrotizing enterocolitis. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:1020986. [PMID: 36533245 PMCID: PMC9751649 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.1020986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a gastrointestinal disease frequently prevalent in premature neonates. Despite advances in research, there is a lack of accurate, early diagnoses of NEC and the current therapeutic approaches remain exhausted and disappointing. In this review, we have taken a close look at the regenerative medical literature available in the context of NEC treatment. Stem cells from amniotic fluid (AFSC) administration may have the greatest protective and restorative effects on NEC. This review summarizes the potential protection and restoration AFSCs have on NEC-induced intestinal injury while comparing various components within AFSCs like conditioned medium (CM) and extracellular vesicles (EVs). In addition to therapeutic interventions that focus on targeting intestinal epithelial damage and regeneration, a novel discovery that AFSCs act in a Wnt-dependent manner provides insight into this mechanism of protection. Finally, we have highlighted the most important aspects that remain unknown that should be considered to guide future research on the translational application of AFSC-based therapy. We hope that this will be a beneficial frame of reference for the guidance of future studies and towards the clinical application of AFSC and/or its derivatives as a treatment against NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felicia Balsamo
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Yina Tian
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Agostino Pierro
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Bo Li
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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O’Connell JS, Li B, Zito A, Ahmed A, Cadete M, Ganji N, Lau E, Alganabi M, Farhat N, Lee C, Eaton S, Mitchell R, Ray S, De Coppi P, Patel K, Pierro A. Treatment of necrotizing enterocolitis by conditioned medium derived from human amniotic fluid stem cells. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260522. [PMID: 34855833 PMCID: PMC8638898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is one of the most distressing gastrointestinal emergencies affecting neonates. Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC) improve intestinal injury and survival in experimental NEC but are difficult to administer. In this study, we evaluated whether conditioned medium (CM) derived from human AFSC have protective effects. METHODS Three groups of C57BL/6 mice were studied: (i) breast-fed mice as control; (ii) experimental NEC mice receiving PBS; and (iii) experimental NEC mice receiving CM. NEC was induced between post-natal days P5 through P9 via: (A) gavage feeding of hyperosmolar formula four-time a day; (B) 10 minutes hypoxia prior to feeds; and (C) lipopolysaccharide administration on P6 and P7. Intra-peritoneal injections of either PBS or CM were given on P6 and P7. All mice were sacrificed on P9 and terminal ileum were harvested for analyses. RESULTS CM treatment increased survival and reduced intestinal damage, decreased mucosal inflammation (IL-6; TNF-α), neutrophil infiltration (MPO), and apoptosis (CC3), and also restored angiogenesis (VEGF) in the ileum. Additionally, CM treated mice had increased levels of epithelial proliferation (Ki67) and stem cell activity (Olfm4; Lgr5) compared to NEC+PBS mice, showing restored intestinal regeneration and recovery during NEC induction. CM proteomic analysis of CM content identified peptides that regulated immune and stem cell activity. CONCLUSIONS CM derived from human AFSC administered in experimental NEC exhibited various benefits including reduced intestinal injury and inflammation, increased enterocyte proliferation, and restored intestinal stem cell activity. This study provides the scientific basis for the use of CM derived from AFSC in neonates with NEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua S. O’Connell
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bo Li
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrea Zito
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Abdalla Ahmed
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marissa Cadete
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Niloofar Ganji
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ethan Lau
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mashriq Alganabi
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nassim Farhat
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carol Lee
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Simon Eaton
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, NIHR BRC Great Ormond Street Hospital and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Mitchell
- Micregen Ltd, Thames Valley Science Park, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Steve Ray
- Micregen Ltd, Thames Valley Science Park, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo De Coppi
- Stem Cells & Regenerative Medicine Section, NIHR BRC Great Ormond Street Hospital and UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ketan Patel
- Micregen Ltd, Thames Valley Science Park, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Agostino Pierro
- Division of General and Thoracic Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Translational Medicine Program, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Sebbagh AC, Rosenbaum B, Péré G, Alric H, Berger A, Wilhelm C, Gazeau F, Mathieu N, Rahmi G, Silva AKA. Regenerative medicine for digestive fistulae therapy: Benefits, challenges and promises of stem/stromal cells and emergent perspectives via their extracellular vesicles. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 179:113841. [PMID: 34175308 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite current management strategies, digestive fistulae remain extremely debilitating complications associated with significant morbidity and mortality, generating a need to develop innovative therapies in these indications. A number of clinical trials and experimental studies have thus investigated the potential of stem/stromal cells (SCs) or SC-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) administration for post-surgical and Crohn's-associated fistulae. This review summarizes the physiopathology and current standards-of-care for digestive fistulae, along with relevant evidence from animal and clinical studies regarding SC or EV treatment for post-surgical digestive fistulae. Additionally, existing preclinical models of fistulizing Crohn's disease and results of SC therapy trials in this indication will be presented. The optimal formulation and administration protocol of SC therapy products for gastrointestinal fistula treatment and the challenges for a widespread use of darvadstrocel (Alofisel) in clinical practice will be discussed. Finally, the potential advantages of EV therapy and the obstacles towards their clinical translation will be introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna C Sebbagh
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris/CNRS (UMR 7057), Paris, France
| | - Boris Rosenbaum
- Laboratoire Imagerie de l'Angiogénèse, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Petit Animal, Inserm UMR970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Péré
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris/CNRS (UMR 7057), Paris, France; Laboratoire Imagerie de l'Angiogénèse, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Petit Animal, Inserm UMR970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France; Department of Digestive Surgery, Esogastric Bariatric and Endocrinal Surgery Unit, Toulouse-Rangueil University Hospital, Toulouse, France
| | - Hadrien Alric
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris/CNRS (UMR 7057), Paris, France; Laboratoire Imagerie de l'Angiogénèse, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Petit Animal, Inserm UMR970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France; Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Arthur Berger
- Laboratoire Imagerie de l'Angiogénèse, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Petit Animal, Inserm UMR970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France
| | - Claire Wilhelm
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris/CNRS (UMR 7057), Paris, France
| | - Florence Gazeau
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris/CNRS (UMR 7057), Paris, France
| | - Noëlle Mathieu
- Human Health Department, SERAMED, LRMED, Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Gabriel Rahmi
- Laboratoire Imagerie de l'Angiogénèse, Plateforme d'Imagerie du Petit Animal, Inserm UMR970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris, France; Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Amanda K A Silva
- Laboratoire Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC), Université de Paris/CNRS (UMR 7057), Paris, France.
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Zhao Y, Wang M, Liang F, Li J. Recent strategies for enhancing the therapeutic efficacy of stem cells in wound healing. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:588. [PMID: 34823579 PMCID: PMC8614023 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02657-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin wound healing is a multi-stage process that depends on the coordination of multiple cells and mediators. Chronic or non-healing wounds resulting from the dysregulation of this process represent a challenge for the healthcare system. For skin wound management, there are various approaches to tissue recovery. For decades, stem cell therapy has made outstanding achievements in wound regeneration. Three major types of stem cells, including embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells, have been explored intensely. Mostly, mesenchymal stem cells are thought to be an extensive cell type for tissue repair. However, the limited cell efficacy and the underutilized therapeutic potential remain to be addressed. Exploring novel and advanced treatments to enhance stem cell efficacy is an urgent need. Diverse strategies are applied to maintain cell survival and increase cell functionality. In this study, we outline current approaches aiming to improve the beneficial outcomes of cell therapy to better grasp clinical cell transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqing Zhao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China
| | - Jiannan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 218 Ziqiang Street, Changchun, 130041, Jilin, China.
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Riedl J, Popp C, Eide C, Ebens C, Tolar J. Mesenchymal stromal cells in wound healing applications: role of the secretome, targeted delivery and impact on recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa treatment. Cytotherapy 2021; 23:961-973. [PMID: 34376336 PMCID: PMC8569889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multi-potent stromal-derived cells capable of self-renewal that possess several advantageous properties for wound healing, making them of interest to the field of dermatology. Research has focused on characterizing the unique properties of MSCs, which broadly revolve around their regenerative and more recently discovered immunomodulatory capacities. Because of ease of harvesting and expansion, differentiation potential and low immunogenicity, MSCs have been leading candidates for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications for wound healing, yet results from clinical studies have been variable, and promising pre-clinical work has been difficult to reproduce. Therefore, the specific mechanisms of how MSCs influence the local microenvironment in distinct wound etiologies warrant further research. Of specific interest in MSC-mediated healing is harnessing the secretome, which is composed of components known to positively influence wound healing. Molecules released by the MSC secretome can promote re-epithelialization and angiogenesis while inhibiting fibrosis and microbial invasion. This review focuses on the therapeutic interest in MSCs with regard to wound healing applications, including burns and diabetic ulcers, with specific attention to the genetic skin disease recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa. This review also compares various delivery methods to support skin regeneration in the hopes of combating the poor engraftment of MSCs after delivery, which is one of the major pitfalls in clinical studies utilizing MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Riedl
- Medical Scientist Training Program (MD/PhD), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Courtney Popp
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Cindy Eide
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Christen Ebens
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jakub Tolar
- Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Department of Pediatrics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA; Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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Montero-Vilchez T, Sierra-Sánchez Á, Sanchez-Diaz M, Quiñones-Vico MI, Sanabria-de-la-Torre R, Martinez-Lopez A, Arias-Santiago S. Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Conditioned Medium for Skin Diseases: A Systematic Review. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:654210. [PMID: 34368115 PMCID: PMC8343397 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.654210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, and its dysfunction is related to many diseases. There is a need to find new potential effective therapies for some skin conditions such as inflammatory diseases, wound healing, or hair restoration. Mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-conditioned medium (CM) provides a potential opportunity in the treatment of skin disease. Thus, the objective of this review is to evaluate the uses of MSC-CM for treating skin diseases in both animal and human models. A systematic review was conducted regarding the use of MSC-CM for treating skin conditions. One hundred one studies were analyzed. MSC-CM was evaluated in wound healing (55), hypertrophic scars (9), flap reperfusion (4), hair restoration (15), skin rejuvenation (15), and inflammatory skin diseases (3). MSC-CM was obtained from different MSC sources, mainly adipose tissue, bone marrow, and umbilical cord blood. MSC-CM was tested intravenously, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intradermally or intralesionally injected or topically applied. MSC-CM was used in both animals and humans. MSC-CM improved wound healing, hair restoration, skin rejuvenation, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis in both animals and humans. MSC-CM also decreased hypertrophic scars and flap ischemia in animal models. In conclusion, MSC-CM is a promising therapy for skin conditions. Further studies are needed to corroborate safety and effectiveness and to standardize CM manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trinidad Montero-Vilchez
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Álvaro Sierra-Sánchez
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
| | - Manuel Sanchez-Diaz
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Maria Isabel Quiñones-Vico
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Raquel Sanabria-de-la-Torre
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Martinez-Lopez
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
| | - Salvador Arias-Santiago
- Department of Dermatology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada, Spain
- Biosanitary Institute of Granada (ibs.GRANADA), Granada, Spain
- Cell Production and Tissue Engineering Unit, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Andalusian Network of Design and Translation of Advanced Therapies, Granada, Spain
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Hofmann E, Soppert J, Ruhl T, Gousopoulos E, Gerra S, Storti G, Tian Y, Brandhofer M, Schweizer R, Song SY, Lindenblatt N, Pallua N, Bernhagen J, Kim BS. The Role of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor in Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Under Hypoxia. Front Physiol 2021; 12:638448. [PMID: 34366876 PMCID: PMC8334873 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.638448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are multipotent mesenchymal stem cells characterized by their strong regenerative potential and low oxygen consumption. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a multifunctional chemokine-like cytokine that is involved in tissue hypoxia. MIF is not only a major immunomodulator but also is highly expressed in adipose tissue such as subcutaneous adipose tissue of chronic non-healing wounds. In the present study, we investigated the effect of hypoxia on MIF in ASCs isolated from healthy versus inflamed adipose tissue. Methods: Human ASCs were harvested from 17 patients (11 healthy adipose tissue samples, six specimens from chronic non-healing wounds). ASCs were treated in a hypoxia chamber at <1% oxygen. ASC viability, MIF secretion as well as expression levels of MIF, its receptor CD74, hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α) and activation of the AKT and ERK signaling pathways were analyzed. The effect of recombinant MIF on the viability of ASCs was determined. Finally, the effect of MIF on the viability and production capacity of ASCs to produce the inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β was determined upon treatment with recombinant MIF and/or a blocking MIF antibody. Results: Hypoxic treatment inhibited proliferation of ASCs derived from healthy or chronic non-healing wounds. ASCs from healthy adipose tissue samples were characterized by a low degree of MIF secretion during hypoxic challenge. In contrast, in ASCs from adipose tissue samples of chronic non-healing wounds, secretion and expression of MIF and CD74 expression were significantly elevated under hypoxia. This was accompanied by enhanced ERK signaling, while AKT signaling was not altered. Recombinant MIF did stimulate HIF-1α expression under hypoxia as well as AKT and ERK phosphorylation, while no effect on ASC viability was observed. Recombinant MIF significantly reduced the secretion of IL-1β under hypoxia and normoxia, and neutralizing MIF-antibodies diminished TNF-α and IL-1β release in hypoxic ASCs. Conclusions: Collectively, MIF did not affect the viability of ASCs from neither healthy donor site nor chronic wounds. Our results, however, suggest that MIF has an impact on the wound environment by modulating inflammatory factors such as IL-1β.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Hofmann
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Josefin Soppert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Intensive Care and Intermediate Care, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Tim Ruhl
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Epameinondas Gousopoulos
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Simona Gerra
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Gabriele Storti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Yuan Tian
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Brandhofer
- Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Riccardo Schweizer
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Seung-Yong Song
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Nicole Lindenblatt
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Norbert Pallua
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Aesthetic Elite International-Private Clinic, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Chair of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research (ISD), LMU University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU), Munich, Germany.,Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany
| | - Bong-Sung Kim
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery-Burn Center, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.,Department of Plastic Surgery and Hand Surgery, University Hospital of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Udalamaththa VL, Kaluarachchi A, Wijeratne S, Udagama PV. Therapeutic uses of post-partum tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal cell secretome. Indian J Med Res 2021; 152:541-552. [PMID: 34145093 PMCID: PMC8224162 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1450_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human post-partum tissue mesenchymal stromal cells (hPPT-MSCs) are widely used in research to investigate their differentiation capabilities and therapeutic effects as potential agents in cell-based therapy. This is ascribed to the advantages offered by the use of MSCs isolated from hPPT over other MSC sources. A paradigm shift in related research is evident that focuses on the secretome of the human MSCs (hMSCs), as therapeutic effects of hMSCs are attributed more so to their secreted growth factors, cytokines and chemokines and to the extracellular vesicles (EVs), all of which are components of the hMSC secretome. Positive therapeutic effects of the hPPT-MSC secretome have been demonstrated in diseases related to skin, kidney, heart, nervous system, cartilage and bones, that have aided fast recovery by replacing damaged, non-functional tissues, via differentiating and regenerating cells. Although certain limitations such as short half -life of the secretome components and irregular secreting patterns exist in secretome therapy, these issues are successfully addressed with the use of cutting-edge technologies such as genome editing and recombinant cytokine treatment. If the current limitations can be successfully overcome, the hPPT-MSC secretome including its EVs may be developed into a cost-effective therapeutic agent amenable to be used against a wide range of diseases/disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Athula Kaluarachchi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Preethi Vidya Udagama
- Department of Zoology & Environment Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
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49
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Zhang Y, Yan J, Liu Y, Chen Z, Li X, Tang L, Li J, Duan M, Zhang G. Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes as a Novel Cell-Free Therapy for Cutaneous Regeneration. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:685873. [PMID: 34235150 PMCID: PMC8255501 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.685873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult wound healing often results in fibrotic scarring that is caused by myofibroblast aggregation. Human amniotic fluid stem cells (hAFSCs) exhibit significantly anti-fibrotic scarring properties during wound healing. However, it is little known whether hAFSCs directly or indirectly (paracrine) contribute to this process. Using the full-thickness skin-wounded rats, we investigated the therapeutic potential of hAFSC-derived exosomes (hAFSC-exo). Our results showed that hAFSC-exo accelerated the wound healing rate and improved the regeneration of hair follicles, nerves, and vessels, as well as increased proliferation of cutaneous cells and the natural distribution of collagen during wound healing. Additionally, hAFSC-exo suppressed the excessive aggregation of myofibroblasts and the extracellular matrix. We identified several miRNAs, including let-7-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-27a-3p, miR-21-5p, and miR-23a-3p, that were presented in hAFSC-exo. The functional analysis demonstrated that these hAFSC-exo-miRNAs contribute to the inhibition of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling pathway by targeting the TGF-β receptor type I (TGF-βR1) and TGF-β receptor type II (TGF-βR2). The reduction of TGF-βR1 and TGF-βR2 expression induced by hAFSC-exo was also confirmed in the healing tissue. Finally, using mimics of miRNAs, we found that hAFSC-exo-miRNAs were essential for myofibroblast suppression during the TGF-β1-induced human dermal fibroblast-to-myofibroblast transition in vitro. In summary, this study is the first to show that exosomal miRNAs used in hAFSC-based therapy inhibit myofibroblast differentiation. Our study suggests that hAFSC-exo may represent a strategic tool for suppressing fibrotic scarring during wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiaqing Yan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanhong Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Center for Prenatal Diagnosis, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Zhenyu Chen
- Chengnan Branch, Foshan Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology and Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Xiheng Li
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Liang Tang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
- Jilin Provincial Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Affiliated Stomatology Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengna Duan
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guokun Zhang
- Institute of Antler Science and Product Technology, Changchun Sci-Tech University, Changchun, China
- Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
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Topical Application of Conditioned Medium from Hypoxically Cultured Amnion-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promotes Wound Healing in Diabetic Mice. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 147:1342-1352. [PMID: 34019504 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000007993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells or their conditioned medium improve chronic wound healing, and their effect is enhanced by hypoxia. Diabetic foot ulcers are chronic wounds characterized by abnormal and delayed healing, which frequently require amputation. The authors evaluated the effect of topical application of conditioned medium from hypoxically cultured amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells on wound healing in diabetic mice. METHODS Amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells were cultured under 21% oxygen to prepare normoxic conditioned medium and under 1% oxygen to prepare hypoxic conditioned medium. Hydrogels containing standard medium, normoxic conditioned medium, or hypoxic conditioned medium were topically applied to excisional wounds of mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Ulcer tissues were harvested on day 9; immunohistochemical and quantitative polymerase chain reaction analyses were performed to analyze angiogenesis, inflammatory cell infiltration, and expression levels of inflammation-related genes. RESULTS Hypoxic conditioned medium significantly enhanced wound closure, increased capillary density and epithelization, and reduced macrophage infiltration. It also tended to reduce the infiltration of neutrophils and enhance the infiltration of regulatory T cells; it showed a tendency to downregulate the expression of the inflammation-related genes interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, chemokine ligand 1, and chemokine ligand 2. Normoxic conditioned medium exhibited similar effects, although they were of lesser magnitude than those of hypoxic conditioned medium. CONCLUSIONS Hydrogels containing hypoxically cultured, amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cell conditioned medium accelerated wound healing in diabetic mice by enhancing angiogenesis, accelerating epithelization, and suppressing inflammation. Therefore, topical application of amnion mesenchymal stem cell-derived hypoxic conditioned medium could be a novel treatment for diabetic foot ulcers.
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