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Ariani A, Ghofar IF, Khotimah H, Nurdiana N, Rahayu M. Asiatic acid in Centella asiatica extract towards morphological development in an intermittent hypoxia intrauterine embryo model and molecular prediction pathway of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor signalling. Open Vet J 2023; 13:629-637. [PMID: 37304601 PMCID: PMC10257456 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2023.v13.i5.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hypoxia during pregnancy generates oxidative stress that alters the growth and development of the human fetus. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) receptors are essential for normal fetal growth. Asiatic acid in Centella asiatica (CA) has antioxidant properties to prevent growth impairment in hypoxia. Aims This study aimed to investigate the effect of asiatic acid on the morphological development of an intermittent hypoxia (IH) zebrafish embryo model and analyze molecular docking prediction in IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R) signaling. Methods Embryos of zebrafish at 2 hours postfertilization (hpf) were assigned to control negative (C), IH, and combination IH and CA extract groups consisting of 1.25 (IHCA1), 2.5 (IHCA2), and 5 (IHCA3) µg/ml. Hypoxia treatment (conducted 4 hours/day) and CA extract were administered for 3 days (2-72 hpf). The parameters of body length and head length were evaluated at 3, 6, and 9 days postfertilization (dpf). The data were analyzed by a two-way analysis of variance (p < 0.05). Molecular docking was performed to explore the binding affinity of asiatic acid to IGF-1R by Molegro Virtual Docker ver.5 software. Results The body length and head length of embryos in the IH and treatment groups (IHCA) were shorter than those in the control group at 3 dpf (p < 0.05). However, the body length was more prolonged in the IHCA1 group, but the head length was longer in the IHCA2 group than in the IH group at 6 and 9 dpf. Molecular docking showed the reliable interaction of asiatic acid with IGF-1R signaling in an IH animal model. Conclusion The administration of CA extract benefits IH through the development and growth of zebrafish embryos at a dose of 2.5-5 µg/ml. Asiatic acid has a binding affinity for IGF-1R signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariani Ariani
- Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
- Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia
| | | | - Husnul Khotimah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Nurdiana Nurdiana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Masruroh Rahayu
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
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Restuadi R, Steyn FJ, Kabashi E, Ngo ST, Cheng FF, Nabais MF, Thompson MJ, Qi T, Wu Y, Henders AK, Wallace L, Bye CR, Turner BJ, Ziser L, Mathers S, McCombe PA, Needham M, Schultz D, Kiernan MC, van Rheenen W, van den Berg LH, Veldink JH, Ophoff R, Gusev A, Zaitlen N, McRae AF, Henderson RD, Wray NR, Giacomotto J, Garton FC. Functional characterisation of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis risk locus GPX3/TNIP1. Genome Med 2022; 14:7. [PMID: 35042540 PMCID: PMC8767698 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-021-01006-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a complex, late-onset, neurodegenerative disease with a genetic contribution to disease liability. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified ten risk loci to date, including the TNIP1/GPX3 locus on chromosome five. Given association analysis data alone cannot determine the most plausible risk gene for this locus, we undertook a comprehensive suite of in silico, in vivo and in vitro studies to address this. METHODS The Functional Mapping and Annotation (FUMA) pipeline and five tools (conditional and joint analysis (GCTA-COJO), Stratified Linkage Disequilibrium Score Regression (S-LDSC), Polygenic Priority Scoring (PoPS), Summary-based Mendelian Randomisation (SMR-HEIDI) and transcriptome-wide association study (TWAS) analyses) were used to perform bioinformatic integration of GWAS data (Ncases = 20,806, Ncontrols = 59,804) with 'omics reference datasets including the blood (eQTLgen consortium N = 31,684) and brain (N = 2581). This was followed up by specific expression studies in ALS case-control cohorts (microarray Ntotal = 942, protein Ntotal = 300) and gene knockdown (KD) studies of human neuronal iPSC cells and zebrafish-morpholinos (MO). RESULTS SMR analyses implicated both TNIP1 and GPX3 (p < 1.15 × 10-6), but there was no simple SNP/expression relationship. Integrating multiple datasets using PoPS supported GPX3 but not TNIP1. In vivo expression analyses from blood in ALS cases identified that lower GPX3 expression correlated with a more progressed disease (ALS functional rating score, p = 5.5 × 10-3, adjusted R2 = 0.042, Beffect = 27.4 ± 13.3 ng/ml/ALSFRS unit) with microarray and protein data suggesting lower expression with risk allele (recessive model p = 0.06, p = 0.02 respectively). Validation in vivo indicated gpx3 KD caused significant motor deficits in zebrafish-MO (mean difference vs. control ± 95% CI, vs. control, swim distance = 112 ± 28 mm, time = 1.29 ± 0.59 s, speed = 32.0 ± 2.53 mm/s, respectively, p for all < 0.0001), which were rescued with gpx3 expression, with no phenotype identified with tnip1 KD or gpx3 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS These results support GPX3 as a lead ALS risk gene in this locus, with more data needed to confirm/reject a role for TNIP1. This has implications for understanding disease mechanisms (GPX3 acts in the same pathway as SOD1, a well-established ALS-associated gene) and identifying new therapeutic approaches. Few previous examples of in-depth investigations of risk loci in ALS exist and a similar approach could be applied to investigate future expected GWAS findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Restuadi Restuadi
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Frederik J Steyn
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, QLD, Brisbane, 4029, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4019, Australia
| | - Edor Kabashi
- Imagine Institute, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) Unité 1163, Paris Descartes Université, 75015, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC), Université de Paris 06, INSERM Unité 1127, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) Unité Mixte de Recherche 7225, Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle Épinière (ICM), 75013, Paris, France
| | - Shyuan T Ngo
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4019, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Fei-Fei Cheng
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Marta F Nabais
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- University of Exeter Medical School, RILD Building, RD&E Hospital Wonford, Barrack Road, Exeter, EX2 5DW, UK
| | - Mike J Thompson
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ting Qi
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Yang Wu
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Anjali K Henders
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Leanne Wallace
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Chris R Bye
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Bradley J Turner
- Florey Institute for Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3052, Australia
| | - Laura Ziser
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Susan Mathers
- Calvary Health Care Bethlehem, Parkdale, VIC, 3195, Australia
| | - Pamela A McCombe
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, QLD, Brisbane, 4029, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4019, Australia
| | - Merrilee Needham
- Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
- Notre Dame University, Fremantle, WA, 6160, Australia
- Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, 6150, Australia
| | - David Schultz
- Department of Neurology, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA, 5042, Australia
| | - Matthew C Kiernan
- Brain & Mind Centre, University of Sydney, Institute of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Wouter van Rheenen
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Leonard H van den Berg
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jan H Veldink
- Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Ophoff
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alexander Gusev
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Genetics, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noah Zaitlen
- Department of Computer Science, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Bioinformatics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA
| | - Allan F McRae
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Robert D Henderson
- Department of Neurology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, QLD, Brisbane, 4029, Australia
- Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4019, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Naomi R Wray
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
| | - Jean Giacomotto
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia
- Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research, West Moreton Hospital and Health Service, Wacol, QLD, 4076, Australia
| | - Fleur C Garton
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, QLD, Brisbane, 4072, Australia.
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Rose JJ, Bocian KA, Xu Q, Wang L, DeMartino AW, Chen X, Corey CG, Guimarães DA, Azarov I, Huang XN, Tong Q, Guo L, Nouraie M, McTiernan CF, O'Donnell CP, Tejero J, Shiva S, Gladwin MT. A neuroglobin-based high-affinity ligand trap reverses carbon monoxide-induced mitochondrial poisoning. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:6357-6371. [PMID: 32205448 PMCID: PMC7212636 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon monoxide (CO) remains the most common cause of human poisoning. The consequences of CO poisoning include cardiac dysfunction, brain injury, and death. CO causes toxicity by binding to hemoglobin and by inhibiting mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase (CcO), thereby decreasing oxygen delivery and inhibiting oxidative phosphorylation. We have recently developed a CO antidote based on human neuroglobin (Ngb-H64Q-CCC). This molecule enhances clearance of CO from red blood cells in vitro and in vivo Herein, we tested whether Ngb-H64Q-CCC can also scavenge CO from CcO and attenuate CO-induced inhibition of mitochondrial respiration. Heart tissue from mice exposed to 3% CO exhibited a 42 ± 19% reduction in tissue respiration rate and a 33 ± 38% reduction in CcO activity compared with unexposed mice. Intravenous infusion of Ngb-H64Q-CCC restored respiration rates to that of control mice correlating with higher electron transport chain CcO activity in Ngb-H64Q-CCC-treated compared with PBS-treated, CO-poisoned mice. Further, using a Clark-type oxygen electrode, we measured isolated rat liver mitochondrial respiration in the presence and absence of saturating solutions of CO (160 μm) and nitric oxide (100 μm). Both CO and NO inhibited respiration, and treatment with Ngb-H64Q-CCC (100 and 50 μm, respectively) significantly reversed this inhibition. These results suggest that Ngb-H64Q-CCC mitigates CO toxicity by scavenging CO from carboxyhemoglobin, improving systemic oxygen delivery and reversing the inhibitory effects of CO on mitochondria. We conclude that Ngb-H64Q-CCC or other CO scavengers demonstrate potential as antidotes that reverse the clinical and molecular effects of CO poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason J Rose
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
| | - Kaitlin A Bocian
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Qinzi Xu
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Anthony W DeMartino
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Xiukai Chen
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Catherine G Corey
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Danielle A Guimarães
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Ivan Azarov
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Xueyin N Huang
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Qin Tong
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Lanping Guo
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Mehdi Nouraie
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Charles F McTiernan
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Christopher P O'Donnell
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Jesús Tejero
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Sruti Shiva
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
| | - Mark T Gladwin
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh Swanson School of Engineering, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261
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E Silva LFS, Brito MD, Yuzawa JMC, Rosenstock TR. Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Changes in High-Energy Compounds in Different Cellular Models Associated to Hypoxia: Implication to Schizophrenia. Sci Rep 2019; 9:18049. [PMID: 31792231 PMCID: PMC6889309 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a multifactorial mental disorder, which has been associated with a number of environmental factors, such as hypoxia. Considering that numerous neural mechanisms depends on energetic supply (ATP synthesis), the maintenance of mitochondrial metabolism is essential to keep cellular balance and survival. Therefore, in the present work, we evaluated functional parameters related to mitochondrial function, namely calcium levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, redox homeostasis, high-energy compounds levels and oxygen consumption, in astrocytes from control (Wistar) and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) animals exposed both to chemical and gaseous hypoxia. We show that astrocytes after hypoxia presented depolarized mitochondria, disturbances in Ca2+ handling, destabilization in redox system and alterations in ATP, ADP, Pyruvate and Lactate levels, in addition to modification in NAD+/NADH ratio, and Nfe2l2 and Nrf1 expression. Interestingly, intrauterine hypoxia also induced augmentation in mitochondrial biogenesis and content. Altogether, our data suggest that hypoxia can induce mitochondrial deregulation and a decrease in energy metabolism in the most prevalent cell type in the brain, astrocytes. Since SHR are also considered an animal model of SZ, our results can likewise be related to their phenotypic alterations and, therefore, our work also allow an increase in the knowledge of this burdensome disorder.
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5
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Tu Y, Li L, Qin B, Wu J, Cheng T, Kang L, Guan H. Long noncoding RNA glutathione peroxidase 3-antisense inhibits lens epithelial cell apoptosis by upregulating glutathione peroxidase 3 expression in age-related cataract. Mol Vis 2019; 25:734-744. [PMID: 31814699 PMCID: PMC6857780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Age-related cataract (ARC) is the leading cause of visual impairment and blindness worldwide. The apoptosis of lens epithelial cells (LECs) induced by oxidative damage is a major contributing factor to ARC. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in various biologic processes. We aimed to explore the role of glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3)-antisense (AS) in ARCs. METHODS We extracted total RNAs from transparent and age-matched cataractous human lenses and detected lncRNA expression profiles using high-throughput RNA sequencing. The expression of GPX3-AS and GPX3 was detected by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Apoptotic proteins were detected by western blot and immunofluorescence. We treated SRA01/04 cells with H2O2 to mimic oxidative stress and induce cell apoptosis, which was analyzed by flow cytometry and TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling (TUNEL) assay. The cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used to detect the viability of SRA01/04 cells. The location of GPX3-AS was determined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and cell nuclear and cytoplasmic RNA separation. RESULTS The lncRNA GPX3-AS, which is located in the nuclei of LECs, was downregulated in cataractous human lenses compared with control lenses, and proapoptotic proteins were expressed at high levels in the anterior lens capsules of ARC tissues. An in vitro study suggested that GPX3-AS inhibited H2O2-induced SRA01/04 cell apoptosis. As GPX3-AS is transcribed from the AS strand of the GPX3 gene locus, we further revealed its regulatory role in GPX3 expression. GPX3-AS was positively correlated with GPX3 expression. In addition, GPX3-AS inhibited H2O2-induced SRA01/04 cell apoptosis by upregulating GPX3 expression. CONCLUSIONS In summary, our study revealed that GPX3-AS downregulated the apoptosis of LECs via promoting GPX3 expression, implying a novel therapeutic target for ARCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China,Department of Ophthalmology, Lixiang Eye Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lele Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bai Qin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyu Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihua Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huaijin Guan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu, China
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6
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Liguori M, Nuzziello N, Licciulli F, Consiglio A, Simone M, Viterbo RG, Creanza TM, Ancona N, Tortorella C, Margari L, Grillo G, Giordano P, Liuni S, Trojano M. Combined microRNA and mRNA expression analysis in pediatric multiple sclerosis: an integrated approach to uncover novel pathogenic mechanisms of the disease. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:66-79. [PMID: 29087462 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the CNS that usually affects young adults, although 3-5% of cases are diagnosed in childhood and adolescence (hence called pediatric MS, PedMS). Genetic predisposition, among other factors, seems to contribute to the risk of the onset, in pediatric as in adult ages, but few studies have investigated the genetic 'environmentally naïve' load of PedMS. The main goal of this study was to identify circulating markers (miRNAs), target genes (mRNAs) and functional pathways associated with PedMS; we also verified the impact of miRNAs on clinical features, i.e. disability and cognitive performances. The investigation was performed in 19 PedMS and 20 pediatric controls (PCs) using a High-Throughput Next-generation Sequencing (HT-NGS) approach followed by an integrated bioinformatics/biostatistics analysis. Twelve miRNAs were significantly upregulated (let-7a-5p, let-7b-5p, miR-25-3p, miR-125a-5p, miR-942-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-652-3p, miR-182-5p, miR-185-5p, miR-181a-5p, miR-320a, miR-99b-5p) and 1 miRNA was downregulated (miR-148b-3p) in PedMS compared with PCs. The interactions between the significant miRNAs and their targets uncovered predicted genes (i.e. TNFSF13B, TLR2, BACH2, KLF4) related to immunological functions, as well as genes involved in autophagy-related processes (i.e. ATG16L1, SORT1, LAMP2) and ATPase activity (i.e. ABCA1, GPX3). No significant molecular profiles were associated with any PedMS demographic/clinical features. Both miRNAs and mRNA expressions predicted the phenotypes (PedMS-PC) with an accuracy of 92% and 91%, respectively. In our view, this original strategy of contemporary miRNA/mRNA analysis may help to shed light in the genetic background of the disease, suggesting further molecular investigations in novel pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Liguori
- National Research Council of Italy, Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Section, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Nuzziello
- National Research Council of Italy, Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Section, 70125 Bari, Italy.,Department of Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Flavio Licciulli
- National Research Council of Italy, Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Section, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Arianna Consiglio
- National Research Council of Italy, Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Section, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marta Simone
- Department of Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Gemma Viterbo
- Department of Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Teresa Maria Creanza
- National Research Council of Italy, Department of Engineering, ICT and Technology for Energy and Transportation, Institute of Intelligent Systems for Automation, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Ancona
- National Research Council of Italy, Department of Engineering, ICT and Technology for Energy and Transportation, Institute of Intelligent Systems for Automation, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Carla Tortorella
- Department of Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, San Camillo Forlanini Hospital, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Margari
- Department of Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Giorgio Grillo
- National Research Council of Italy, Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Section, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Paola Giordano
- General Paediatric Unit "B. Trambusti", Azienda Policlinico-Giovanni XXIII and University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Sabino Liuni
- National Research Council of Italy, Department of Biomedicine, Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Bari Section, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Trojano
- Department of Basic Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
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7
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Ekambaram P, Parasuraman P, Jayachandran T. Differential regulation of pro- and antiapoptotic proteins in fish adipocytes during hypoxic conditions. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2016; 42:919-934. [PMID: 26744268 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-015-0185-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Worldwide, the frequencies and magnitudes of hypoxic events in estuarine waters have increased considerably over the past two decades. Fish populations are suitable indicators for the assessment of quality of aquatic ecosystems and often comprise a variety of adaptation systems by triggering oxidants, antioxidants and hypoxia-responsive signaling proteins. Signaling pathway may lead to cell survival or cell death which is fine-tuned by both positive and negative factors, which includes hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α), heat-shock protein-70 (HSP70), phospho-c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1/2 (p-JNK1/2) and apoptosis signal-regulating kinase-1 (ASK1). In the present study, we attempt to determine stress-mediated signaling changes and molecular mechanism behind the cell survival by comparing adipocytes of fish from field hypoxic condition and laboratory-induced hypoxic condition (in vitro hypoxia). Comparison of field and laboratory studies in fish adipocytes showed differential expression of HIF1α, HSP70, p-JNK1/2 and ASK1 with altered oxidants and antioxidants. Further, the results also suggest that in vitro hypoxic conditions mimic field hypoxic conditions. Trends of hypoxia response were same in in vitro hypoxia of control adipocytes as in Ennore estuary, and hypoxia response was more pronounced in the test adipocytes under in vitro hypoxic condition. Results of the present work suggest that hypoxia is the major crusade of water pollutants affecting fish by differential regulation of pro- and antiapoptotic proteins probably through HSP70. This may play a vital role by providing cytoprotection in pollutant-induced stressed fish adipocytes substantiated by the in vitro hypoxic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padmini Ekambaram
- P.G. Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600108, India.
| | - Parimala Parasuraman
- P.G. Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600108, India
| | - Tharani Jayachandran
- P.G. Department of Biochemistry, Bharathi Women's College, Affiliated to University of Madras, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600108, India
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8
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Zhao F, Deng J, Yu X, Li D, Shi H, Zhao Y. Protective effects of vascular endothelial growth factor in cultured brain endothelial cells against hypoglycemia. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:999-1007. [PMID: 25761767 PMCID: PMC4491374 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-015-9659-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Hypoglycemia is a common and serious problem among patients with type 1 diabetes receiving treatment with insulin. Clinical studies have demonstrated that hypoglycemic edema is involved in the initiation of hypoglycemic brain damage. However, the mechanisms of this edema are poorly understood. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent regulator of blood vessel function, has been observed an important candidate hormone induced by hypoglycemia to protect neurons by restoring plasma glucose. Whether VEGF has a protective effect against hypoglycemia-induced damage in brain endothelial cells is still unknown. To investigate the effects of hypoglycemia on cerebral microvascular endothelial cells and assess the protective effect of exogenous VEGF on endothelial cells during hypoglycemia, confluent monolayers of the brain endothelial cell line bEnd.3 were treated with normal (5.5 mM glucose), hypoglycemic (0, 0.5, 1 mM glucose) medium or hypoglycemic medium in the presence of VEGF. The results clearly showed that hypoglycemia significantly downregulated the expression of claudin-5 in bEnd.3 cells, without affecting ZO-1 and occludin expression and distribution. Besides, transendothelial permeability significantly increased under hypoglycemic conditions compared to that under control conditions. Moreover, the hypoglycemic medium in presence of VEGF decreased endothelial permeability via the inhibition of claudin-5 degradation and improved hypoglycemia-induced cell toxicity. Furthermore, Glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1) and apoptosis regulator Bcl-2 expression were significantly upregulated. Taken together, hypoglycemia can significantly increase paraendocellular permeability by downregulating claudin-5 expression. We further showed that VEGF protected brain endothelial cells against hypoglycemia by enhancing glucose passage, reducing endothelial cell death, and ameliorating paraendocellular permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhao
- Neurologic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Jiangshan Deng
- Neurologic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Xiaoyan Yu
- Neurologic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Dawei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, No.800, Dongchuan Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Hong Shi
- Neurologic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233 China
| | - Yuwu Zhao
- Neurologic Department, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, No.600, Yishan Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200233 China
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Cabaña-Muñoz ME, Parmigiani-Izquierdo JM, Bravo-González LA, Kyung HM, Merino JJ. Increased Zn/Glutathione Levels and Higher Superoxide Dismutase-1 Activity as Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress in Women with Long-Term Dental Amalgam Fillings: Correlation between Mercury/Aluminium Levels (in Hair) and Antioxidant Systems in Plasma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126339. [PMID: 26076368 PMCID: PMC4468144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The induction of oxidative stress by Hg can affect antioxidant enzymes. However, epidemiological studies have failed to establish clear association between dental fillings presence and health problems. OBJECTIVES To determine whether heavy metals (in hair), antioxidant enzymes (SOD-1) and glutathione levels could be affected by the chronic presence of heavy metals in women who had dental amalgam fillings. MATERIALS AND METHODS 55 hair samples (42 females with amalgam fillings and 13 female control subjects) were obtained. All subjects (mean age 44 years) who had dental amalgam filling for more than 10 years (average 15 years). Certain metals were quantified by ICP-MS (Mass Spectrophotometry) in hair (μg/g: Al, Hg, Ba, Ag, Sb, As, Be, Bi, Cd, Pb, Pt, Tl, Th, U, Ni, Sn, Ti) and SOD-1 and Glutathione (reduced form) levels in plasma. Data were compared with controls without amalgams, and analyzed to identify any significant relation between metals and the total number of amalgam fillings, comparing those with four or less (n = 27) with those with more than four (n = 15). As no significant differences were detected, the two groups were pooled (Amlgam; n = 42). FINDINGS Hg, Ag, Al and Ba were higher in the amalgam group but without significant differences for most of the heavy metals analyzed. Increased SOD-1 activity and glutathione levels (reduced form) were observed in the amalgam group. Aluminum (Al) correlated with glutathione levels while Hg levels correlated with SOD-1. The observed Al/glutathione and Hg/SOD-1 correlation could be adaptive responses against the chronic presence of mercury. CONCLUSIONS Hg, Ag, Al and Ba levels increased in women who had dental amalgam fillings for long periods. Al correlated with glutathione, and Hg with SOD-1. SOD-1 may be a possible biomarker for assessing chronic Hg toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Eugenia Cabaña-Muñoz
- Centro CIROM, Centro de Implantología y Rehabilitación Oral Multidisciplinaria, Murcia, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, UMU, Unidad Docente de Ortodoncia, Murcia, Spain
- * E-mail: (JJM); (MEC)
| | | | | | - Hee-Moon Kyung
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Kyungpook Nacional University, Daegu, Korea
| | - José Joaquín Merino
- IUIN, Instituto de Investigación Neuroquímica, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, (U.C.M), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail: (JJM); (MEC)
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Kwee JK. A paradoxical chemoresistance and tumor suppressive role of antioxidant in solid cancer cells: a strange case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:209845. [PMID: 24800215 PMCID: PMC3996321 DOI: 10.1155/2014/209845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 03/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of intracellular antioxidant concentration is a double-edged sword, with both sides exploited for potential therapeutic benefits. While antioxidants may hamper the efficacy of chemotherapy by scavenging reactive oxygen species and free radicals, it is also possible that antioxidants alleviate unwanted chemotherapy-induced toxicity, thus allowing for increased chemotherapy doses. Under normoxic environment, antioxidants neutralize toxic oxidants, such as reactive oxygen species (ROS), maintaining them within narrow boundaries level. This redox balance is achieved by various scavenging systems such as enzymatic system (e.g., superoxide dismutases, catalase, and peroxiredoxins), nonenzymatic systems (e.g., glutathione, cysteine, and thioredoxin), and metal-binding proteins (e.g., ferritin, metallothionein, and ceruloplasmin) that sequester prooxidant metals inhibiting their participation in redox reactions. On the other hand, therapeutic strategies that promote oxidative stress and eventually tumor cells apoptosis have been explored based on availability of chemotherapy agents that inhibit ROS-scavenging systems. These contradictory assertions suggest that antioxidant supplementation during chemotherapy treatment can have varied outcomes depending on the tumor cellular context. Therefore, understanding the antioxidant-driven molecular pathways might be crucial to design new therapeutic strategies to fight cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolie Kiemlian Kwee
- Coordenação de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Câncer, Rua André Cavalcante 37, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Damous LL, Nakamuta JS, Soares JM, Maciel GAR, Simões RDS, Montero EFDS, Krieger JE, Baracat EC. Females transplanted with ovaries subjected to hypoxic preconditioning show impair of ovarian function. J Ovarian Res 2014; 7:34. [PMID: 24655551 PMCID: PMC3994570 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-7-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cryopreservation of the ovarian tissue has shown promising results. However, there remain controversial issues such as the short half-life of grafts. In this aspect, there are some evidences that preconditioning the ovarian tissue before transplantation is beneficial. Objective To determine the effect of hypoxic preconditioning in vitro on ovarian tissue prior to transplantation. Methods Eighteen female adult Wistar rats, were sorted into three experimental groups. Ovaries were maintained in DMEM low glucose serum free at 37°C with 5% CO2, at atmospheric oxigen concentration (normoxia) or 1% O2 (hypoxia) for 16 hours. Oxigen concentration was determined by injection of nitrogen in the incubator. Animals submitted to ovarian transplantation immediately after oophorectomy were the Control Group (C). After this, the ovaries were implanted in the retroperitoneum with nonabsorbable suture and animals evaluated for thirty days after transplantation. Beginning on postoperative (PO) day 11, a daily collection of vaginal smear was carried out. Analyses comprised morphological, morphometric (counting ovarian follicles and corpora lutea) and immunohistochemistry for cleaved caspase-3 (apoptosis). Results In normoxia and control groups all animals recovered their estrous cycles, while in the hypoxia group, two animals did not ovulate but, among those which did, resumption took longer than in the other groups (p < 0.05). The number of ovarian follicles and corpora lutea decreased significantly in the hypoxia group when compared to the other two groups (p < 0.001) and apoptosis was increased in the few ovarian follicles which remained viable (p < 0.001). Conclusion The hypoxic preconditioning in vitro was not beneficial to the graft and worsened their viability, compromising its functionality or delaying the return of this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Lamarão Damous
- Gynecology Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Laboratory of Structural and Molecular Gynecology (LIM-58), Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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