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Zhao R, Zhou X, Zhao Z, Liu W, Lv M, Zhang Z, Wang C, Li T, Yang Z, Wan Q, Xu R, Cui Y. Farrerol Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Neuronal Survival and Reducing Neuroinflammation. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:7239-7255. [PMID: 38376762 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a key influencing factor in the outcome of stroke. Inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and neuronal apoptosis are among the main factors that affect the progression of I/R injury. Farrerol (FAR) is a natural compound that can effectively inhibit the inflammatory response and oxidative stress. However, the role of FAR in cerebral I/R injury remains unknown. In this study, we found that FAR reduced brain injury and neuronal viability after cerebral I/R injury. Meanwhile, administration of FAR also reduced the inflammatory response of microglia after brain injury. Mechanistically, FAR treatment directly reduced neuronal death after oxygen glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) through enhancing cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) activation to increase the expression of downstream neurotrophic factors and anti-apoptotic genes. Moreover, FAR decreased the activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, inhibited microglia activation, and reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines in microglia after OGD/R treatment or LPS stimulation. The compromised inflammatory response by FAR directly promoted the survival of neurons after OGD/R. In conclusion, FAR exerted a protective effect on cerebral I/R injury by directly decreasing neuronal death through upregulating CREB expression and attenuating neuroinflammation. Therefore, FAR could be a potentially effective drug for the treatment of cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wenhao Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Mengfei Lv
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zhaolong Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
| | - Changxin Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Tianli Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Zixiong Yang
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qi Wan
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China
| | - Rui Xu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Jiangsu Road 16, Qingdao, 266000, Shandong, China.
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| | - Yu Cui
- Institute of Neuroregeneration and Neurorehabilitation, Qingdao University, Ningxia Road 308, Qingdao, 266071, Shandong, China.
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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Li J, Liang XQ, Cui YF, Fu YY, Ma ZY, Cui YT, Dong XH, Huang HJ, Tong TT, Zhu YM, Xue YD, Wang YZ, Ban T, Huo R. PFI-3 induces vasorelaxation with potency to reduce extracellular calcium influx in rat mesenteric artery. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15407. [PMID: 37250720 PMCID: PMC10225122 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background PFI-3 is a small-molecule inhibitor that targets the bromodomains (BRDs) of Brahma-related gene 1 (BRG1). This monomeric compound, which has high selectivity and potent cellular effects, has recently been developed. Although PFI-3 has been reported as a potential therapeutic agent targeting thrombomodulin, its role in the regulation of vascular function remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the impact of PFI-3 on arterial vessel tone. Methods A microvascular tension measurement device (DMT) was utilized to identify alterations in vascular tension within the mesenteric artery. To detect variations in cytosolic [Ca2+]i, a Fluo-3/AM fluorescent probe and fluorescence microscope were employed. Additionally, whole-cell patch clamp techniques were utilized to evaluate the activity of L-type voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs) in cultured arterial smooth muscle cells (A10 cells). Results PFI-3 exerted a dose-dependent relaxation effect on rat mesenteric arteries with both intact and denuded endothelium after phenylephrine (PE)- and high-K+-induced constriction. PFI-3-induced vasorelaxation was not affected by the presence of L-NAME/ODQ or K+ channel blockers (Gli/TEA). PFI-3 abolished Ca2+-induced contraction on endothelium-denuded mesenteric arteries preincubated by PE in Ca2+-free solution. Incubation with TG had no impact on PFI-3-induced vasorelaxation pre-contracted by PE. PFI-3 reduced Ca2+-induced contraction on endothelium-denuded mesenteric arteries pre-incubated by KCl (60 mM) in Ca2+-free solution. PFI-3 declined extracellular calcium influx in A10 cells detected by Fluo-3/AM fluorescent probe and fluorescence microscope. Furthermore, we observed that PFI-3 decreased the current densities of L-type VDCC by whole-cell patch clamp techniques. Conclusions PFI-3 blunted PE and high K+-induced vasoconstriction independent of endothelium on rat mesenteric artery. The vasodilatory effect of PFI-3 may be attributed to its inhibition of VDCCs and receptor-operated calcium channels (ROCCs) on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xue-Qi Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical College, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yun-Feng Cui
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yu-Yang Fu
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Zi-Yue Ma
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ying-Tao Cui
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xian-Hui Dong
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hai-Jun Huang
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ting-Ting Tong
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ya-Mei Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ya-Dong Xue
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Yong-Zhen Wang
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Tao Ban
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Rong Huo
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
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Qin X, Hou X, Xu X, Chen L, Gao A, Hao Y, Du X, Zhao L, Shi Y, Li Q. Down-regulation of connexin 43 contributes to structure and function of pulmonary artery in nicotine-administered mice. Toxicol Lett 2023; 377:1-13. [PMID: 36720419 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated connexin signaling is implicated in the pathophysiology of pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Nicotine affects pulmonary vascular remodeling. However, the potential mechanistic link between connexin signaling and nicotine-induced pulmonary artery remodeling remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of connexin 43 (Cx43) in pulmonary artery remodeling in nicotine-administered C57BL/6 J wild-type (WT) and Cx43 heterozygous (Cx43+/-) mice. Hemodynamic parameters and right ventricle pathology were assessed in the mice. Serum biochemical indices of hepatic and renal function were measured. The RT-PCR, immunofluorescence, and western blotting were conducted to evaluate Cx43 mRNA and protein levels. We performed histological staining to identify pulmonary arteries. Wire myography was used to examine contraction and relaxation responses in the pulmonary arteries. Pulmonary vascular permeability was assessed through Evans blue staining. Compared with the WT group, the Cx43+/- group showed lower Cx43 mRNA and protein expression in the pulmonary arteries (P < 0.01). Nicotine treatment significantly increased Cx43 expression (P < 0.01) and induced morphological changes in the pulmonary arteries (P < 0.01). Our findings suggest that Cx43 plays a crucial role in pulmonary artery reactivity and permeability in mice. Furthermore, downregulation of Cx43 expression may contribute to alterations in pulmonary artery structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China; China Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China; China Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, China
| | - Xinrong Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangjin Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Anqi Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuxuan Hao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi, China
| | - Xufeng Du
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangyuan Zhao
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiwei Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Shanxi, China.
| | - Qingshan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Targeted Drugs, School of Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 121 University Street, Jinzhong 030602, Shanxi, China.
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Qin X, Xu X, Hou X, Liang R, Chen L, Hao Y, Gao A, Du X, Zhao L, Shi Y, Li Q. The pharmacological properties and corresponding mechanisms of farrerol: a comprehensive review. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2022; 60:9-16. [PMID: 34846222 PMCID: PMC8635655 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.2006723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Farrerol, a typical natural flavanone isolated from the traditional Chinese herb 'Man-shan-hong' [Rhododendron dauricum L. (Ericaceae)] with phlegm-reducing and cough-relieving properties, is widely used in China for treating bronchitis and asthma. OBJECTIVE To present the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, vasoactive, antitumor, and antimicrobial effects of farrerol and its underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The literature was reviewed by searching PubMed, Medline, Web of Knowledge, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases between 2011 and May 2021. The following key words were used: 'farrerol,' 'flavanone,' 'anti-inflammatory,' 'antioxidant,' 'vasoactive,' 'antitumor,' 'antimicrobial,' and 'molecular mechanisms'. RESULTS Farrerol showed anti-inflammatory effects mainly mediated via the inhibition of interleukin (IL)-6/8, IL-1β, tumour necrosis factor(TNF)-α, NF-κB, NO, COX-2, JNK1/2, AKT, PI3K, ERK1/2, p38, Keap-1, and TGF-1β. Farrerol exhibited antioxidant effects by decreasing JNK, MDA, ROS, NOX4, Bax/Bcl-2, caspase-3, p-p38 MAPK, and GSK-3β levels and enhancing Nrf2, GSH, SOD, GSH-Px, HO-1, NQO1, and p-ERK levels. The vasoactive effects of farrerol were also shown by the reduced α-SMA, NAD(P)H, p-ERK, p-Akt, mTOR, Jak2, Stat3, Bcl-2, and p38 levels, but increased OPN, occludin, ZO-1, eNOS, CaM, IP3R, and PLC levels. The antitumor effects of farrerol were evident from the reduced Bcl-2, Slug, Zeb-1, and vimentin levels but increased p27, ERK1/2, p38, caspase-9, Bax, and E-cadherin levels. Farrerol reduced α-toxin levels and increased NO production and NF-κB activity to impart antibacterial activity. CONCLUSIONS This review article provides a theoretical basis for further studies on farrerol, with a view to develop and utilise farrerol for treating of vascular-related diseases in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- CONTACT Xiaojiang Qin School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xinrong Xu
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi, China
| | - Ruifeng Liang
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangjing Chen
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yuxuan Hao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Anqi Gao
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xufeng Du
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Liangyuan Zhao
- Department of Exercise Rehabilitation, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Yiwei Shi
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanxi Medical University Affiliated First Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Chronic Inflammatory Targeted Drugs, School of Materia Medica, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- Qingshan Li School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Rosa damascena Miller essential oil relaxes rat thoracic aorta through the NO-cGMP-dependent pathway. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2022; 162:106661. [PMID: 35750298 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the effects of Rosa damascena Mill. essential oil on the vascular activity of rat thoracic aorta and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS Experiments were performed using the isolated tissue bath model and Wistar rats. 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 µg/mL concentrations of rose oil were administered in all groups. To determine the vasoactive effects of rose oil, submaximal contractions were conducted by applying 10-5 M PE and 45 mM KCl separately in both endothelium-intact and -denuded segments. Time-matched distilled water groups were formed for control. To evaluate the role of endothelium-derived vasodilative factors, endothelium-intact segments were incubated with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NAME, soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor ODQ, and a non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor INDO. The statistical significance level was considered as p < 0.05. RESULTS 1, 10, and 100 µg/mL rose oil doses led to vasorelaxation in thoracic aortas precontracted with 10-5 M PE (p: 0.029, p: 0.000, p: 0.000, respectively). In precontracted thoracic aortas with 45 mM KCl, the significant effect of rose oil persisted, albeit slightly diminished. When the endothelium was removed, the relaxant effect of rose oil was partially reduced, but still significant (p: 0.035, p: 0.028, p: 0.000, respectively). Preincubations with L-NAME and ODQ significantly attenuated rose oil-induced relaxation of endothelium-intact aortas precontracted with 10-5 M PE. In contrast, preincubation INDO did not modulate rose oil-induced relaxation. CONCLUSION In conclusion, it was shown for the first time that rose oil can significantly mediate vasorelaxation in both PE and KCl precontracted rat thoracic aortas. Rose oil induced vasodilation with or without endothelium in a concentration-dependent manner. It was also shown that rose oil-induced vasorelaxant effects were reduced by L-NAME or ODQ pretreatment, but not modulated by INDO. These results demonstrated that rose oil-induced endothelium-dependent vasodilation is mediated by the NO-cGMP-dependent pathway.
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Demirel S. Geraniol and β-citronellol participate in the vasorelaxant effects of Rosa damascena Miller essential oil on the rat thoracic aorta. Fitoterapia 2022; 161:105243. [PMID: 35728707 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2022.105243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to investigate the vasoactive effects of Rosa damascena Miller essential oil and its major components, geraniol and β-citronellol, on the rat thoracic aorta. METHODS Isolated tissue bath model and Wistar rats were used to perform the experiments. Two-fold increasing concentrations (20-160 μg/mL) of rose oil were administered to determine its vasoactive effects. Submaximal contractions were induced by PE or KCl in both endothelium-intact and -denuded segments. Time-matched control groups were also formed. To evaluate the role of geraniol and β-citronellol, concentrations in the range of 0.4-3.2 μg/mL and 0.8-6.4 μg/mL were applied respectively. The statistical significance level was considered as p < 0.05. RESULTS All doses of rose oil applied led to vasorelaxation in thoracic aortas precontracted with PE. In precontracted thoracic aortas with KCl, the significant effect of rose oil persisted, albeit slightly diminished. When the endothelium was removed, the relaxant effect of rose oil was partially reduced, but still significant. Besides, although geraniol relaxed aortic segments at all concentrations (0.4 to 3.2 μg/mL), β-citronellol caused vasorelaxation at doses of 1.6, 3.2, and 6.4 μg/mL. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the first findings were obtained that rose oil can cause a vasorelaxant effect in a concentration-dependent manner in rat thoracic aorta. This effect substantially persisted in vascular segments without endothelium or precontracted with KCl. It was further shown for the first time that geraniol and β-citronellol exert vasodilatory effects on the rat thoracic aorta. These results suggest that rose oil exhibits its vasorelaxant effect through geraniol and β-citronellol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadettin Demirel
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, 16059 Bursa, Turkey.
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Du X, Sun Z, Cao Z, Zhou X, Wang D, Wang K, Li X, Zuo G. Atorvastatin regulates vascular smooth muscle cell phenotypic transformation by epigenetically modulating contractile proteins and mediating Akt/FOXO4 axis. Mol Med Rep 2022; 25:167. [PMID: 35475577 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2022.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Du
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyuan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Zhongnan Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Xiuhong Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Kuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Xuebin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
| | - Guoxing Zuo
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital, Tianjin 300450, P.R. China
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Sailaja GR, Sriramavaratharajan V, Murugan R, Mallavarapu GR, Chellappan DR. Vasorelaxant property of Plectranthus vettiveroides root essential oil and its possible mechanism. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 274:114048. [PMID: 33781875 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Plectranthus vettiveroides (Jacob) N.P. Singh & B.D. Sharma is a traditional medicinal plant used in Siddha System of Medicine and its aromatic root is used to reduce the elevated blood pressure. AIM The aim of the present study was to study vasorelaxant property of the root essential oil nanoemulsion (EON) of P. vettiveroides. METHODS The EON was formulated to enhance the solubility and bioavailability and characterized. The preliminary screening was performed by treating the EON with aortic rings pre-contracted with phenylephrine (1 μM) and potassium chloride (80 mM). The role of K⁺ channels in EON induced vasorelaxation was investigated by pre-incubating the aortic rings with different K⁺ channel inhibitors namely, glibenclamide (a non-specific ATP sensitive K⁺ channel blocker, 10 μM), TEA (a Ca2⁺ activated non-selective K⁺ channel blocker, 10-2 M), 4-AP (a voltage-activated K⁺ channel blocker, 10-3 M) and barium chloride (inward rectifier K⁺ channel blocker, 1 mM). The involvement of extracellular Ca2+ was performed by adding cumulative dose of extracellular calcium in the presence and absence of EON and the concentration-response curve (CRC) obtained is compared. Similarly, the role of nitric oxide synthase, muscarinic and prostacyclin receptors on EON induced vasorelaxation were evaluated by pre-incubating the aortic rings with their inhibitors and the CRC obtained in the presence and absence of inhibitor were compared. RESULTS The GC-MS and GC-FID analyses of the root essential oil revealed the presence of 62 volatile compounds. The EON exhibited significant vasorelaxant effect through nitric oxide-mediated pathway, G-protein coupled muscarinic (M3) receptor pathway, involvement of K+ channels (KATP, KIR, KCa), and blocking of the calcium influx by receptor-operated calcium channel. CONCLUSION It is concluded that the root essential oil of P. vettiveroides is possessing marked vasorelaxant property. The multiple mechanisms of action of the essential oil of P. vettiveroides make it a potential source of antihypertensive drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govinda Rajan Sailaja
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ramar Murugan
- Centre for Research and Postgraduate Studies in Botany, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi, 626 124, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gopal Rao Mallavarapu
- Flat No. 602, A-Block, Renaissance Temple Bells, Opp. ISKCON Temple, Yeshwantpur, Bengaluru, 560 022, Karnataka, India
| | - David Raj Chellappan
- Central Animal Facility, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Li ES, Saha MS. Optimizing Calcium Detection Methods in Animal Systems: A Sandbox for Synthetic Biology. Biomolecules 2021; 11:343. [PMID: 33668387 PMCID: PMC7996158 DOI: 10.3390/biom11030343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the 1970s, the emergence and expansion of novel methods for calcium ion (Ca2+) detection have found diverse applications in vitro and in vivo across a series of model animal systems. Matched with advances in fluorescence imaging techniques, the improvements in the functional range and stability of various calcium indicators have significantly enhanced more accurate study of intracellular Ca2+ dynamics and its effects on cell signaling, growth, differentiation, and regulation. Nonetheless, the current limitations broadly presented by organic calcium dyes, genetically encoded calcium indicators, and calcium-responsive nanoparticles suggest a potential path toward more rapid optimization by taking advantage of a synthetic biology approach. This engineering-oriented discipline applies principles of modularity and standardization to redesign and interrogate endogenous biological systems. This review will elucidate how novel synthetic biology technologies constructed for eukaryotic systems can offer a promising toolkit for interfacing with calcium signaling and overcoming barriers in order to accelerate the process of Ca2+ detection optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Margaret S. Saha
- Department of Biology, College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23185, USA;
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Wang J, Jin M, Jin C, Ye C, Zhou Y, Wang R, Cui H, Zhou W, Li G. A new pentacyclic triterpenoid from the leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L. with inhibition of NO production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. Nat Prod Res 2020; 34:3313-3319. [PMID: 30810367 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1566822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A new pentacyclic triterpenoid, 3-oxo-urs-11,13(18)-dien-28-oic acid (1), along with twelve known triterpenoids, α-amyrin (2), 19α-hydroxy-α-amyrin (3), triptohypol E (4), uvaol (5), 2α,3α-dihydroxyurs-11-en-13β,28-olide (6), 3β-hydroxyurs-11-en-13β,28-olide (7), ursolic acid (8), asiatic acid (9), oleanolic acid (10), aegiceradienol (11), obtusalin (12) and betulinic acid (13) were isolated from the leaves of Rhododendron dauricum L. Their structures were established from spectroscopic data and comparison with reported values. Among them, compounds 3, 4, 6, 7 and 11 were isolated from the Ericaceae family for the first time. Compounds 2, 5, 9, 12 and 13 were obtained from R. dauricum for the first time. Additionally, compounds 6, 10 and 11 significantly inhibited the levels of NO in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells at 3 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Mei Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Chunshi Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Chao Ye
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Rongshen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Cui
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, P. R. China
| | - Gao Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Resources of Changbai Mountain and Functional Molecules Ministry of Education, Yanbian University College of Pharmacy, Yanji, P. R. China
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11
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Sivakumar L, Chellappan DR, Sriramavaratharajan V, Murugan R. Root essential oil of Chrysopogon zizanioides relaxes rat isolated thoracic aorta - an ex vivo approach. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 76:161-168. [PMID: 33048838 DOI: 10.1515/znc-2020-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Root of Chrysopogon zizanioides (L.) Roberty has been used in Siddha system of medicine to treat hypertension. The present study was therefore to investigate the vasorelaxation effect of root essential oil of C. zizanioides using rat isolated thoracic aortic rings. Chemical characterization of root essential oil was carried out using Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Essential oil nanoemulsion (EONE) was prepared and characterized. Vasorelaxant effect of EONE in endothelium-intact aortic rings precontracted with phenylephrine (PE) (1 µM) or KCl (80 mM) was investigated. Role of Ca2+, nitric oxide and K+ channels in precontracted aortic rings were investigated to elucidate the mechanism of action of the essential oil. Further, the role of muscarinic and prostacyclin receptors in EONE induced relaxation was studied. The EONE significantly induced relaxation (Emax 77.1 ± 4.87%) in PE precontracted aortic rings. The nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors and potassium channel blockers have not significantly inhibited the vasorelaxation induced by EONE. However, EONE induced relaxation in precontracted endothelium-intact aortic rings was significantly inhibited by muscarinic receptor and calcium channel. The root essential oil of C. zizanioides possesses vasorelaxant effect through muscarinic pathway as well as acts as calcium channel blocker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha Sivakumar
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - David Raj Chellappan
- Central Animal Facility, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Venkatraman Sriramavaratharajan
- Central Animal Facility, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramar Murugan
- Centre for Research and Postgraduate Studies in Botany, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi626 124, Tamil Nadu, India
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12
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Farrerol maintains the contractile phenotype of VSMCs via inactivating the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 475:249-260. [PMID: 32840737 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03878-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Farrerol, a dihydroflavone isolated from Rhododendron dauricum L., can inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and exert a protective effect on H2O2-induced vascular endothelial cells injury. In this study, we investigated the effects of farrerol on VSMC phenotypic modulation and balloon injury-induced vascular neointimal formation and explored the underlying mechanisms. Serum-starved rat thoracic aorta SMCs (RASMCs) were first pretreated with farrerol (3, 10, and 30 μM, respectively), U0126 (a MEK kinase inhibitor), and SB203580 (a p38 kinase inhibitor), and followed by treatment with serum (10% FBS). The expression of several VSMC-specific markers, including α-SMA, SM22α, and OPN, were analyzed by western blot. Phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was also investigated. Farrerol inhibited the serum-induced transition of RASMCs from the contractile to the synthetic phenotype, and this was associated with a decrease in α-SMA and SM22α expression, and an increase in OPN expression. Farrerol also inhibited serum-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and p38MAPK in RASMCs. Moreover, U0126 and SB203580 both inhibited the serum-induced phenotypic transition of RASMCs. These findings indicate that farrerol can maintain the contractile phenotype of VSMCs partly via inactivating the ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways. Using a rat model of carotid artery balloon injury, inhibition of VSMC phenotypic transition and suppression of neointimal formation were confirmed in vivo following the perivascular application of farrerol. Our results suggested that farrerol could be a promising lead compound for the treatment of vascular proliferative diseases.
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13
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Yin J, Ma Y, Liang C, Wang H, Sun Y, Zhang L, Jia Q. A Complete Study of Farrerol Metabolites Produced in Vivo and in Vitro. Molecules 2019; 24:E3470. [PMID: 31554336 PMCID: PMC6804004 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Although farrerol, a characteristically bioactive constituent of Rhododendron dauricum L., exhibits extensive biological and pharmacological activities (e.g., anti-oxidant, anti-immunogenic, and anti-angiogenic) as well as a high drug development potential, its metabolism remains underexplored. Herein, we employed ultra-high performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry coupled with multiple data post-processing techniques to rapidly identify farrerol metabolites produced in vivo (in rat blood, bile, urine and feces) and in vitro (in rat liver microsomes). As a result, 42 in vivo metabolites and 15 in vitro metabolites were detected, and farrerol shown to mainly undergo oxidation, reduction, (de)methylation, glucose conjugation, glucuronide conjugation, sulfate conjugation, N-acetylation and N-acetylcysteine conjugation. Thus, this work elaborates the metabolic pathways of farrerol and reveals the potential pharmacodynamics forms of farrerol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jintuo Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Yinling Ma
- National Clinical Drug Monitoring Center, Department of Pharmacy, Hebei Province General Center, Shijiazhuang 050051, China.
| | - Caijuan Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Hairong Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Yupeng Sun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Lantong Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
| | - Qingzhong Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China.
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Parvin A, Yaghmaei P, Noureddini M, Haeri Roohani SA, Aminzadeh S. Comparative effects of quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract of Otostegia persica boiss with atorvastatin on atherosclerosis complication in male wistar rats. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:2875-2887. [PMID: 31572581 PMCID: PMC6766565 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of herbal remedies is significantly considered in the atherosclerosis treatment, reduction of fatty elements, and prevention of activity of oxidative stress factors. The present study was conducted on 48 rats in 6 groups. The experimental and sham groups were fed with 2% cholesterol for 40 days; and experimental groups were separately treated by atorvastatin, quercetin, and hydroalcoholic extract for 4 weeks. After treatment procedure, some serum factors such as low-density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were evaluated. Serum levels of LDL, TC, MDA, and ROS were significantly lower in experimental groups than sham group (p < .01). There was a significant decrease in serum MDA levels of these two groups in comparison with the atorvastatin-treated group (p < .05). Blood pressure parameters were decreased in treated with quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract in comparison with the sham group (p < .05). Quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract similar to atorvastatin could decrease serum lipids [except high-density lipoprotein (HDL)], oxidative stress factors, aorta contraction, weight gain, and blood pressure. These reagents improved the vascular structure and prevented the plaque formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Parvin
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Parichehreh Yaghmaei
- Department of Biology, Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran
| | - Mehdi Noureddini
- Physiology Research CenterKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran
- Gametogenesis Research CeneterKashan University of Medical SciencesKashanIran
| | | | - Saeed Aminzadeh
- Bioprocess Engineering Research GroupNational Institute of Genetic Engineering and BiotechnologyTehranIran
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15
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A Review of Endothelium-Dependent and -Independent Vasodilation Induced by Phytochemicals in Isolated Rat Aorta. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:ani9090623. [PMID: 31470540 PMCID: PMC6769919 DOI: 10.3390/ani9090623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, so the investigation of new therapeutic tools is a priority for their prevention and treatment. This review shows the relevant contribution of the isolated rat aorta as an in vitro experimental model to validate the therapeutic potential of phytochemicals, mainly those present in plants traditionally used in folk medicine to relieve hypertension. The results of the assays carried out in this model show that a variety of plant extracts and their isolated compounds produce vasodilation, which may explain their use, especially to treat hypertension. Abstract This review discusses the contribution of the use of the isolated rat aorta (IRA) as a model for the evaluation of extracts and metabolites produced by plants with a vasodilator effect in animals. This model continues to be a valuable approach for the search and development of new phytochemicals consumed as medicinal plants or foods. In most cases, the sources of phytochemicals have been used in folk medicine to treat ailments that include hypertension. In this model, the endothelium is emphasized as a key component that modulates the vessel contractility, and therefore the basal tone and blood pressure. Based on the functional nature of the model, we focused on studies that determined the endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilatory activity of phytochemicals. We describe the mechanisms that account for aorta contraction and relaxation, and subsequently show the vasoactive effect of a series of phytochemicals acting as vasodilators and its endothelium dependence. We highlight information regarding the cardiovascular benefits of phytochemicals, especially their potential antihypertensive effect. On this basis, we discuss the advantages of the IRA as a predictive model to support the research and development of new drugs that may be of help in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases, the number one cause of death worldwide.
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C-Methylated flavanones from the rhizomes of Matteuccia intermedia and their α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. Fitoterapia 2019; 136:104147. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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17
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Qin X, Hou X, Zhang K, Li Q. α 1D-adrenoceptor involves the relaxation effect of farrerol in rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 853:169-183. [PMID: 30768980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the relaxation effect of farrerol on rat aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and its underlying mechanism. VSMCs were cultured primarily and were used to examine the relaxation effect of farrerol. Cells surface and length were measured by dynamic observation, or by rhodamine-phalloidin labeling and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Cells contractive activity were tested using collagen gel contraction assay. The [Ca2+]in was measured with molecular probe fluo-4-AM. The mRNA and protein expression of regulatory proteins for contraction were measured. In addition, rat aortic VSMCs were transfected with lentivirus-mediated α1D-adrenoceptor gene-shRNA, then the effect of farrerol were detected by the above experimental methods. The results revealed that 10 μΜ AngⅡ promoted cell contraction, increased [Ca2+]in and enhanced collagen contraction in rat aortic VSMCs. 10 μΜ AngⅡ not only increased expression of myosin light chain kinase (MLCK) and smooth muscle protein 22α (SM22α), but also increased phosphorylation level of myosin light chain (MLC) and myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1). The above effects induced by AngⅡ could be significantly inhibited by farrerol in a concentration dependent manner. When the cells were transfected with lentivirus mediated α1D-adrenoceptor gene-shRNA, the effects of farrerol on changes induced by AngⅡ in rat aortic VSMCs were markedly reversed. In conclusion, farrerol could produce relaxtion effect in rat aortic VSMCs precontracted by 10 μΜ AngⅡ, which was involved in downregulation expression of MLCK and SM22α, and inhibition phosphorylation level of MYPT1 and MLC via activating α1D-adrenoceptor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China; Shanxi University of Chinese medicine, No. 121, Daxuejie, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Xiaomin Hou
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- Shanxi University of Chinese medicine, No. 121, Daxuejie, Jinzhong 030619, Shanxi Province, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, No. 56, Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan 030001, Shanxi Province, China.
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18
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Zhou ZY, Zhao WR, Shi WT, Xiao Y, Ma ZL, Xue JG, Zhang LQ, Ye Q, Chen XL, Tang JY. Endothelial-Dependent and Independent Vascular Relaxation Effect of Tetrahydropalmatine on Rat Aorta. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:336. [PMID: 31057398 PMCID: PMC6477965 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydropalmatine (THP) is an active natural alkaloid isolated from Corydalis yanhusuo W.T. Wang which has been widely used for treating pain and cardiovascular disease in traditional Chinese medicine. Previous studies suggested THP have various pharmacological effects in neural and cardio tissue while the vascular reactivity of THP was not fully established. The present study found that THP relaxed rat aorta which contracted by phenylephrine (Phe), KCl, and U46619. The vascular relaxation effect of THP was partially attenuated by PI3K inhibitor wortmannin, Akt inhibitor IV, endothelial nitric oxide synthetase (eNOS) inhibitor L-NAME, guanylate cyclase inhibitors and the mechanical removal of endothelium. Also, the eNOS substrate L-arginine reversed the inhibition effect of L-NAME on THP-induced vascular relaxation. THP also induced intracellular NO production in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. However, Pre-incubation with β-adrenergic receptor blocker propranolol, angiotensin II receptor 1 (AT1) inhibitor losartan, angiotensin II receptor 2 (AT1) inhibitor PD123319 or angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril enhanced the vascular relaxation effect of THP. THP did not affect the angiotensin II induced vascular contraction. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) inhibitor indomethacin did not affect the vascular relaxation effect of THP. Furthermore, pre-treatment THP attenuated KCl and Phe induced rat aorta contraction in standard Krebs solution. In Ca2+ free Krebs solution, THP inhibited the Ca2+ induced vascular contraction under KCl or Phe stress and reduced KCl stressed Ca2+ influx in rat vascular smooth muscle cells. THP also inhibited intracellular Ca2+ release induced vascular contraction by blocking Ryr or IP3 receptors. In addition, the voltage-dependent K+ channel (Kv) blocker 4-aminopyridine, ATP-sensitive K+ channel (KATP) blocker glibenclamide and inward rectifying K+ channel blocker BaCl2 attenuated THP induced vascular relaxation regardless of the Ca2+-activated K+ channel (KCa) blocker tetraethylammonium. Thus, we could conclude that THP relaxed rat aorta in an endothelium-dependent and independent manner. The underlying mechanism of THP relaxing rat aorta involved PI3K/Akt/eNOS/NO/cGMP signaling path-way, Ca2+ channels and K+ channels rather than COX2, β-adrenergic receptor and renin-angiotensin system (RAS). These findings indicated that THP might be a potent treatment of diseases with vascular dysfunction like hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Ting Shi
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Xiao
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zi-Lin Ma
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Gui Xue
- Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lun-Qing Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hou X, Qin X, Li Q. Structure‑activity associations in novel farrerol derivatives with vasorelaxant properties. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:4709-4715. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Hou
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojiang Qin
- School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
| | - Qingshan Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030001, P.R. China
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20
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Li B, Chen P, Wang JH, Li L, Gong JL, Yao H. Farrerol overcomes the invasiveness of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating the expression of inducers of epithelial mesenchymal transition. Microb Pathog 2018; 131:277. [PMID: 29731224 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.04.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent years Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) has been proposed as a mechanism indispensable to acquisition of metastatic properties by tumor cells. In this study we tested the ability of Farrerol, a Chinese herb-derived compound to ablate the EMT in human lung squamous cell carcinoma cells. Human lung squamous cell carcinoma cells, Calu-1 were treated with various concentrations of Farrerol for 24 h to examine its effect on their viability by the MTT assay. Only those concentrations which showed least effect on the viability of Calu-1 cells were further used to evaluate the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers by western blotting. Furthermore the effect of such concentrations on the migration and invasion of Calu-1 cells was determined by wound healing and transwell invasion assays respectively. The results demonstrated that Farrerol treatment led to the downregulation of Slug and Zeb-1, transcriptional regulators of EMT with the concomitant increase and decrease in the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin respectively. These data were further supported by migration and invasion assays which demonstrated that Farrerol treatment caused inhibited the migration and invasion of Calu-1 lung squamous cell carcinoma cells. Taken together, our results indicate that Farrerol suppresses lung squamous cell carcinoma cell metastatic potential by modulating the expression of EMT proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Oncology Surgical, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710074, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Jie-Hua Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jin-Lan Gong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China.
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Sustained ERK activation-mediated proliferation inhibition of farrerol on human gastric carcinoma cell line by G0/G1-phase cell-cycle arrest. Eur J Cancer Prev 2018; 25:490-9. [PMID: 26656929 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Current cancer treatment is partly limited by chemotherapy-induced vascular toxicity associated with damage to vascular endothelial cells. In this study, the cytotoxicity of farrerol against SGC7901 gastric cancer cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in vitro was investigated along with the underlying mechanisms of its growth-inhibitory effect against SGC7901 cells. MTT assays showed that farrerol inhibited SGC7901 cell growth, but exerted no cytotoxicity against HUVECs. Flow cytometry showed that treatment of SGC7901 cells with farrerol (5, 40, or 160 μmol/l) for 24 h caused G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in a concentration-dependent manner. Western blotting indicated that exposure of SGC7901 cells to farrerol resulted in significant upregulation of p27KIP1 (p27), accompanied by sustained activation of ERK1/2 and p38 MAPK instead of JNK. Farrerol-stimulated p27 expression, p38 MAPK activation, and cell growth inhibition were attenuated by pretreatment with U0126, an MEK1/2 inhibitor. In conclusion, this study indicates the selective cytotoxicity of farrerol against SGC7901 cells, but not HUVECs. Furthermore, it provides the first evidence that farrerol could induce cancer cell growth inhibition by G0/G1-phase cell-cycle arrest mediated by sustained ERK activation. The findings show the potential of farrerol as a chemotherapeutic agent without vascular toxicity for use against gastric cancer.
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UPLC/Q-TOF-MS profiling of phenolics from Canarium pimela leaves and its vasorelaxant and antioxidant activities. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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23
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Zhou ZY, Xu JQ, Zhao WR, Chen XL, Jin Y, Tang N, Tang JY. Ferulic acid relaxed rat aortic, small mesenteric and coronary arteries by blocking voltage-gated calcium channel and calcium desensitization via dephosphorylation of ERK1/2 and MYPT1. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 815:26-32. [PMID: 28989085 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Ferulic acid, a natural ingredient presents in several Chinese Materia Medica such as Radix Angelicae Sinensis, has been identified as an important multifunctional and physiologically active small molecule. However, its pharmacological activity in different blood vessel types and underlying mechanisms are unclear. The present study was to investigate the vascular reactivity and the possible action mechanism of FA on aorta, small mesenteric arteries and coronary arteries isolated from Wistar rats. We found FA dose-dependently relieved the contraction of aorta, small mesenteric arteries and coronary arteries induced by different contractors, U46619, phenylephrine (Phe) and KCl. The relaxant effect of FA was not affected by L-NAME (eNOS inhibitor), ODQ (soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor), and mechanical removal of endothelium in thoracic aortas. The contraction caused by 60mM KCl (60K) was concentration-dependently hindered by FA pretreatment in all three types of arteries. In Ca2+-free 60K solution, FA weakened Ca2+-related contraction in a concentration dependent manner. And FA relaxed both fluoride and phorbol ester which were PKC, ERK and Rho-kinase activators induced contraction in aortic rings with or without Ca2+ in krebs solution. Western blotting experiments in A7r5 cells revealed that FA inhibited calcium sensitization via dephosphorylation of ERK1/2 and MYPT1. Furthermore, the relaxation effect of FA was attenuated by verapamil (calcium channel blocker), ERK inhibitor, and fasudil (ROCK inhibitor). These results provide evidence that FA exhibits endothelium-independent vascular relaxant effect in different types of arteries. The molecular mechanism of vasorelaxation activity of FA probably involved calcium channel inhibition and calcium desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Zhou
- Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China.
| | - Jia-Qi Xu
- Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Wai-Rong Zhao
- Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Xin-Lin Chen
- Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yu Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Pharmaceutical Process Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Nuo Tang
- Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Jing-Yi Tang
- Longhua Hospital affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China; Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
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24
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Li B, Chen P, Wang JH, Li L, Gong JL, Yao H. Ferrerol overcomes the invasiveness of lung squamous cell carcinoma cells by regulating the expression of inducers of Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition. Microb Pathog 2017; 112:171-175. [PMID: 28943152 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
In recent years Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) has been proposed as a mechanism indispensable to acquisition of metastatic properties by tumor cells. In this study we tested the ability of Ferrerol, a Chinese herb-derived compound to ablate the EMT in human lung squamous cell carcinoma cells. Human lung squamous cell carcinoma cells, Calu-1 were treated with various concentrations of Ferrerol for 24 h to examine its effect on their viability by the MTT assay. Only those concentrations which showed least effect on the viability of Calu-1 cells were further used to evaluate the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers by western blotting. Furthermore the effect of such concentrations on the migration and invasion of Calu-1 cells was determined by wound healing and transwell invasion assays respectively. The results demonstrated that Ferrerol treatment led to the downregulation of Slug and Zeb-1, transcriptional regulators of EMT with the concomitant increase and decrease in the expression of E-cadherin and vimentin respectively. These data were further supported by migration and invasion assays which demonstrated that Ferrerol treatment caused inhibited the migration and invasion of Calu-1 lung squamous cell carcinoma cells. Taken together, our results indicate that Ferrerol suppresses lung squamous cell carcinoma cell metastatic potential by modulating the expression of EMT proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Li
- Oncology Surgical, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an 710074, China
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Jie-Hua Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jin-Lan Gong
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hui Yao
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shanghai Shidong Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China.
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25
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Qin X, Hou X, Liang T, Chen L, Lu T, Li Q. Farrerol can attenuate the aortic lesion in spontaneously hypertensive rats via the upregulation of eNOS and reduction of NAD(P)H oxidase activity. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 769:211-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/13/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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