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Daniluk K, Lange A, Pruchniewski M, Małolepszy A, Sawosz E, Jaworski S. Delivery of Melittin as a Lytic Agent via Graphene Nanoparticles as Carriers to Breast Cancer Cells. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:278. [PMID: 36547538 PMCID: PMC9787603 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Melittin, as an agent to lyse biological membranes, may be a promising therapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer. However, because of its nonspecific actions, there is a need to use a delivery method. The conducted research determined whether carbon nanoparticles, such as graphene and graphene oxide, could be carriers for melittin to breast cancer cells. The studies included the analysis of intracellular pH, the potential of cell membranes, the type of cellular transport, and the expression of receptor proteins. By measuring the particle size, zeta potential, and FT-IT analysis, we found that the investigated nanoparticles are connected by electrostatic interactions. The level of melittin encapsulation with graphene was 86%, while with graphene oxide it was 78%. A decrease in pHi was observed for all cell lines after administration of melittin and its complex with graphene. The decrease in membrane polarization was demonstrated for all lines treated with melittin and its complex with graphene and after exposure to the complex of melittin with graphene oxide for the MDA-MB-231 and HFFF2 lines. The results showed that the investigated melittin complexes and the melittin itself act differently on different cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). It has been shown that in MDA-MD-231 cells, melittin in a complex with graphene is transported to cells via caveolin-dependent endocytosis. On the other hand, the melittin-graphene oxide complex can reach breast cancer cells through various types of transport. Other differences in protein expression changes were also observed for tumor lines after exposure to melittin and complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Daniluk
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Lange
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Pruchniewski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Artur Małolepszy
- Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 00-654 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Sawosz
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sławomir Jaworski
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 02-786 Warsaw, Poland
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Chow PM, Dong JR, Chang YW, Kuo KL, Lin WC, Liu SH, Huang KH. The UCHL5 Inhibitor b-AP15 Overcomes Cisplatin Resistance via Suppression of Cancer Stemness in Urothelial Carcinoma. MOLECULAR THERAPY - ONCOLYTICS 2022; 26:387-398. [PMID: 36090476 PMCID: PMC9421311 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Urothelial carcinoma (UC) comprises the majority of bladder cancers. Standard platinum-based chemotherapy has a response rate of approximately 50%, but drug resistance develops after short-term treatment. Deubiquitinating (DUB) enzyme inhibitors increase protein polyubiquitination and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which might further suppress cancer stemness and overcome cisplatin resistance. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxic effect and potential mechanisms of b-AP15 on urothelial carcinoma. Our results revealed that b-AP15 induced ER stress and apoptosis in BFTC905, T24, T24/R (cisplatin-resistant), and RT4 urothelial carcinoma cell lines. Inhibition of the MYC signaling pathway and cancer stemness by b-AP15 was confirmed by RNA sequencing, RT-PCR, immunoblotting, and sphere-forming assays. In the mouse xenograft model, the combination of b-AP15 and cisplatin showed superior therapeutic effects compared with either monotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ming Chow
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Jun-Ren Dong
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Wei Chang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Kuan-Lin Kuo
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chou Lin
- Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Hwa Liu
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-How Huang
- Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Department of Urology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
- Corresponding author Kuo-How Huang, MD, PhD, Department of Urology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 7, Zhongshan S. Rd., Zhongzheng Dist., Taipei 100, Taiwan.
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Wesch D, Kabelitz D, Oberg HH. Tumor resistance mechanisms and their consequences on γδ T cell activation. Immunol Rev 2020; 298:84-98. [PMID: 33048357 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human γδ T lymphocytes are predominated by two major subsets, defined by the variable domain of the δ chain. Both, Vδ1 and Vδ2 T cells infiltrate in tumors and have been implicated in cancer immunosurveillance. Since the localization and distribution of tumor-infiltrating γδ T cell subsets and their impact on survival of cancer patients are not completely defined, this review summarizes the current knowledge about this issue. Different intrinsic tumor resistance mechanisms and immunosuppressive molecules of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment have been reported to negatively influence functional properties of γδ T cell subsets. Here, we focus on selected tumor resistance mechanisms including overexpression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)-1/2, regulation by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)/TRAIL-R4 pathway and the release of galectins. These inhibitory mechanisms play important roles in the cross-talk of γδ T cell subsets and tumor cells, thereby influencing cytotoxicity or proliferation of γδ T cells and limiting a successful γδ T cell-based immunotherapy. Possible future directions of a combined therapy of adoptively transferred γδ T cells together with γδ-targeting bispecific T cell engagers and COX-2 or IDO-1/2 inhibitors or targeting sialoglycan-Siglec pathways will be discussed and considered as attractive therapeutic options to overcome the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Wesch
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dieter Kabelitz
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Hans-Heinrich Oberg
- Institute of Immunology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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Helmy SA, El-Mesery M, El-Karef A, Eissa LA, El Gayar AM. Thymoquinone upregulates TRAIL/TRAILR2 expression and attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo model. Life Sci 2019; 233:116673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Deubiquitylatinase inhibitor b-AP15 induces c-Myc-Noxa-mediated apoptosis in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Apoptosis 2019; 24:826-836. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01561-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Cui H, Han W, Zhang J, Zhang Z, Su X. Advances in the Regulatory Effects of Bioactive Peptides on Metabolic Signaling Pathways in Tumor Cells. J Cancer 2019; 10:2425-2433. [PMID: 31258747 PMCID: PMC6584345 DOI: 10.7150/jca.31359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in cell metabolism are an important feature of tumors that has always been an intense topic of study, particularly in regard to whether metabolic disorders are a cause or an effect of tumorigenesis. Studies have shown that the processes underlying metabolic changes in tumors involve the activation of protooncogenes and the inactivation of cancer suppressor genes, as well as changes in metabolic flux in cells due to the abnormal activation of signaling pathways that modulate metabolic enzymes and/or metabolic regulatory proteins at several levels, including transfer and posttranslational modification. Thus, the repair of abnormal metabolic pathways via intervention in the relevant tumor metabolic pathways that impact specific targets has become a new method of cancer prevention and treatment. Bioactive peptides, which have many biological functions, could specifically target malignant tumors. Their interaction with signal transduction molecules involved in the development and transference of tumors could regulate the relevant cell metabolic pathways and inhibit the development of tumors and/or accelerate apoptosis in tumor cells. In this review, several aspects of tumor suppression using bioactive peptides will be discussed and summarized, including the regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR, AMPK, and STST3 signaling pathways, the modulation of the TRAIL death receptor signaling pathway, the regulation of aerobic glycolysis by PKM2, and the modulation of the NF-кB signaling pathway, to aid in the search for better and more specific antineoplastic drugs in the form of bioactive peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Cui
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Wenyan Han
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Junyao Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Zhihui Zhang
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
| | - Xiulan Su
- Clinical Medical Research Center of the Affiliated Hospital, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010050, Inner Mongolia, P.R. China
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Schmidt M, Altdörfer V, Schnitte S, Fuchs AR, Kropp KN, Maurer S, Müller MR, Salih HR, Rittig SM, Grünebach F, Dörfel D. The Deubiquitinase Inhibitor b-AP15 and Its Effect on Phenotype and Function of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells. Neoplasia 2019; 21:653-664. [PMID: 31132676 PMCID: PMC6538843 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system is elementary for cellular protein degradation and gained rising attention as a new target for cancer therapy due to promising clinical trials with bortezomib, the first-in class proteasome inhibitor meanwhile approved for multiple myeloma and mantle cell lymphoma. Both bortezomib and next-generation proteasome inhibitors mediate their effects by targeting the 20S core particle of the 26S proteasome. The novel small molecule inhibitor b-AP15 affects upstream elements of the ubiquitin-proteasome cascade by suppressing the deubiquitinase activity of both proteasomal regulatory 19S subunits and showed promising anticancer activity in preclinical models. Nonetheless, effects of inhibitors on the ubiquitin-proteasome system are not exclusively restricted to malignant cells: alteration of natural killer cell-mediated immune responses had already been described for drugs targeting either 19S or 20S proteasomal subunits. Moreover, it has been shown that bortezomib impairs dendritic cell (DC) phenotype and function at different levels. In the present study, we comparatively analyzed effects of bortezomib and b-AP15 on monocyte-derived DCs. In line with previous results, bortezomib exposure impaired maturation, antigen uptake, migration, cytokine secretion and immunostimulation, whereas treatment with b-AP15 had no compromising effects on these DC features. Our findings warrant the further investigation of b-AP15 as an alternative to clinically approved proteasome inhibitors in the therapy of malignancies, especially in the context of combinatorial treatment with DC-based immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Schmidt
- CCU Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner site Tübingen, Germany
| | - Vanessa Altdörfer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, UKT, Germany
| | - Sarah Schnitte
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, UKT, Germany
| | - Alexander Rolf Fuchs
- CCU Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner site Tübingen, Germany
| | - Korbinian Nepomuk Kropp
- CCU Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner site Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Maurer
- CCU Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner site Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Rudolf Müller
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, UKT, Germany
| | - Helmut Rainer Salih
- CCU Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner site Tübingen, Germany; Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, UKT, Germany
| | - Susanne Malaika Rittig
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, UKT, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Hospital Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Grünebach
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, UKT, Germany
| | - Daniela Dörfel
- CCU Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Partner site Tübingen, Germany; Department of Medical Oncology, Hematology, Immunology, Rheumatology and Pulmonology, UKT, Germany.
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8
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Systems Biology Approaches to Investigate Genetic and Epigenetic Molecular Progression Mechanisms for Identifying Gene Expression Signatures in Papillary Thyroid Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102536. [PMID: 31126066 PMCID: PMC6566633 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer. Particularly, papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) accounts for the highest proportion of thyroid cancer. Up to now, there are few researches discussing the pathogenesis and progression mechanisms of PTC from the viewpoint of systems biology approaches. In this study, first we constructed the candidate genetic and epigenetic network (GEN) consisting of candidate protein–protein interaction network (PPIN) and candidate gene regulatory network (GRN) by big database mining. Secondly, system identification and system order detection methods were applied to prune candidate GEN via next-generation sequencing (NGS) and DNA methylation profiles to obtain the real GEN. After that, we extracted core GENs from real GENs by the principal network projection (PNP) method. To investigate the pathogenic and progression mechanisms in each stage of PTC, core GEN was denoted in respect of KEGG pathways. Finally, by comparing two successive core signaling pathways of PTC, we not only shed light on the causes of PTC progression, but also identified essential biomarkers with specific gene expression signature. Moreover, based on the identified gene expression signature, we suggested potential candidate drugs to prevent the progression of PTC with querying Connectivity Map (CMap).
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9
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Spinnenhirn V, Demgenski J, Brunner T. Death Receptor Interactions With the Mitochondrial Cell Death Pathway During Immune Cell-, Drug- and Toxin-Induced Liver Damage. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:72. [PMID: 31069226 PMCID: PMC6491631 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its extensive vascularization and physiological function as a filter and storage organ, the liver is constantly exposed to infectious and tumorigenic threat, as well as damaging actions of xenobiotics. Detoxification reactions are essential for the excretion of harmful substances, but harbor also the risk of “side effects” leading to dangerous metabolites of otherwise harmless substances, a well known effect during paracetamol overdose. These drugs can have detrimental effects, which often involves the induction of sterile inflammation and activation of the immune system. Therefore, the role of certain immune cells and their effector molecules in the regulation of drug-induced liver damage are of special interest. Hepatocytes are type II cells, and death receptor (DR)-induced cell death (CD) requires amplification via the mitochondrial pathway. However, this important role of the mitochondria and associated CD-regulating signaling complexes appears to be not restricted to DR signaling, but to extend to drug-induced activation of mitochondrial CD pathways. We here discuss the role of members of the TNF family, with a focus on TRAIL, and their interactions with the Bcl-2 family in the crosstalk between the extrinsic and intrinsic CD pathway during xenobiotic-induced liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Spinnenhirn
- Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Janine Demgenski
- Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Thomas Brunner
- Biochemical Pharmacology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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Naimi A, Movassaghpour AA, Hagh MF, Talebi M, Entezari A, Jadidi-Niaragh F, Solali S. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) as the potential therapeutic target in hematological malignancies. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 98:566-576. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Revised: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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11
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Dilshara MG, Jayasooriya RGPT, Molagoda IMN, Jeong JW, Lee S, Park SR, Kim GY, Choi YH. Silibinin sensitizes TRAIL-mediated apoptosis by upregulating DR5 through ROS-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress-Ca 2+-CaMKII-Sp1 pathway. Oncotarget 2017. [PMID: 29535810 PMCID: PMC5828202 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we addressed how silibinin enhances tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated apoptosis in various cancer cells. Combined treatment with silibinin and TRAIL (silibinin/TRAIL) induced apoptosis accompanied by the activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, and Bax, and cytosolic accumulation of cytochrome c. Anti-apoptotic proteins such as Bcl-2, IAP-1, and IAP-2 were inhibited as well. Silibinin also triggered TRAIL-induced apoptosis in A549 cells through upregulation of death receptor 5 (DR5). Pretreatment with DR5/Fc chimeric protein and DR5-targeted small interfering RNA (siRNA) significantly blocked silibinin/TRAIL-mediated apoptosis in A549 cells. Furthermore, silibinin increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which led to the induction of TRAIL-mediated apoptosis through DR5 upregulation. Antioxidants such as N-acetyl-L-cysteine and glutathione reversed the apoptosis-inducing effects of TRAIL. Silibinin further induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress as was indicated by the increase in ER marker proteins such as PERK, eIF2α, and ATF-4, which stimulate the expression of CCAAT/enhancer binding protein homologous protein (CHOP). CHOP-targeted siRNA eliminated the induction of DR5 and resulted in a significant decrease in silibinin/TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. We also found that silibinin/TRAIL-induced apoptosis was accompanied with intracellular influx of Ca2+, which was stimulated by ER stress and the Ca2+ chelator, ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA). Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMKII) inhibitor, K252a, blocked silibinin/TRAIL-induced DR5 expression along with TRAIL-mediated apoptosis. Accordingly, we showed that ROS/ER stress-induced CaMKII activated Sp1, which is an important transcription factor for DR5 expression. Our results showed that silibinin enhanced TRAIL-induced apoptosis by upregulating DR5 expression through the ROS-ER stress-CaMKII-Sp1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jin-Woo Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungheon Lee
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Rul Park
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Young Kim
- Department of Marine Life Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of Korea
| | - Yung Hyun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Oriental Medicine, Dong-Eui University, Busan 47227, Republic of Korea
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12
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Helmy SA, El-Mesery M, El-Karef A, Eissa LA, El Gayar AM. Chloroquine upregulates TRAIL/TRAILR2 expression and potentiates doxorubicin anti-tumor activity in thioacetamide-induced hepatocellular carcinoma model. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 279:84-94. [PMID: 29133031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Impaired apoptosis and systemic toxicity of chemotherapeutic drugs make cancer treatment suboptimal. Thus, there is urgency for drug repurposing which facilitates discovery of safe and effective combination therapy. This study aimed to evaluate chloroquine's (CQ) ability to trigger TRAIL/TRAILR2 apoptotic pathway in thioacetamide (TAA)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) either alone or in combination with doxorubicin (DOX). Moreover, its ability to attenuate DOX-induced cardiotoxicity was investigated. TAA was injected in male Sprague Dawely rats (200 mg/kg; ip; 2 times/week) for 16 weeks. After the 16th week, rats were further divided into different groups (n = 10) and treated for 7 weeks. CQ group (received CQ 25 mg/kg/day; orally), DOX group (received DOX 1 mg/kg; ip; 2 times/week) and CQ/DOX group. Liver function biomarkers, AFP, hepatic levels of MDA and GSH, serum CK-MB and LDH enzymes activity were measured. Quantitative, Real-Time PCR was used to measure TRAIL, TRAILR2, caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3, BCL-2 and TGF-β1 genes expression levels. Necroinflammation and fibrosis were scored by histopathological examination. CQ improved liver functions, reduced AFP level and attenuated HCC progression. CQ induced apoptosis via upregulation of TRAIL/TRAILR2, caspase-8, caspase-3 and caspase-8 genes and downregulation of BCL-2 gene. Moreover, CQ/DOX showed marked decrease in hepatic MDA level, serum CK-MB, LDH enzymes activity, as well as marked increase in hepatic GSH level. In conclusion, this work assess the in vivo efficacy of CQ/DOX combination therapy in this HCC model that not only has enhanced anti-tumor activity but it also protects against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity. Nevertheless, more studies should be performed to illustrate the molecular mechanism of CQ's cardioprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar A Helmy
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed El-Mesery
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Amro El-Karef
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | - Laila A Eissa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
| | - Amal M El Gayar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
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13
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Mert U, Sanlioglu AD. Intracellular localization of DR5 and related regulatory pathways as a mechanism of resistance to TRAIL in cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:245-255. [PMID: 27510421 PMCID: PMC11107773 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2321-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a prominent cytokine capable of inducing apoptosis. It can bind to five different cognate receptors, through which diverse intracellular pathways can be activated. TRAIL's ability to preferentially kill transformed cells makes it a promising potential weapon for targeted tumor therapy. However, recognition of several resistance mechanisms to TRAIL-induced apoptosis has indicated that a thorough understanding of the details of TRAIL biology is still essential before this weapon can be confidently unleashed. Critical to this aim is revealing the functions and regulation mechanisms of TRAIL's potent death receptor DR5. Although expression and signaling mechanisms of DR5 have been extensively studied, other aspects, such as its subcellular localization, non-signaling functions, and regulation of its membrane transport, have only recently attracted attention. Here, we discuss different aspects of TRAIL/DR5 biology, with a particular emphasis on the factors that seem to influence the cell surface expression pattern of DR5, along with factors that lead to its nuclear localization. Disturbance of this balance apparently affects the sensitivity of cancer cells to TRAIL-mediated apoptosis, thus constituting an eligible target for potential new therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ufuk Mert
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ahter Dilsad Sanlioglu
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
- Center for Gene and Cell Therapy, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey.
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14
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Paulus A, Akhtar S, Caulfield TR, Samuel K, Yousaf H, Bashir Y, Paulus SM, Tran D, Hudec R, Cogen D, Jiang J, Edenfield B, Novak A, Ansell SM, Witzig T, Martin P, Coleman M, Roy V, Ailawadhi S, Chitta K, Linder S, Chanan-Khan A. Coinhibition of the deubiquitinating enzymes, USP14 and UCHL5, with VLX1570 is lethal to ibrutinib- or bortezomib-resistant Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia tumor cells. Blood Cancer J 2016; 6:e492. [PMID: 27813535 PMCID: PMC5148058 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2016.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The survival of Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia (WM) tumor cells hinges on aberrant B-cell receptor (BCR) and MYD88 signaling. WM cells upregulate the proteasome function to sustain the BCR-driven growth while maintaining homeostasis. Clinically, two treatment strategies are used to disrupt these complementary yet mutually exclusive WM survival pathways via ibrutinib (targets BTK/MYD88 node) and bortezomib (targets 20 S proteasome). Despite the success of both agents, WM patients eventually become refractory to treatment, highlighting the adaptive plasticity of WM cells and underscoring the need for development of new therapeutics. Here we provide a comprehensive preclinical report on the anti-WM activity of VLX1570, a novel small-molecule inhibitor of the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs), ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14) and ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase isozyme L5 (UCHL5). Both DUBs reside in the 19 S proteasome cap and their inhibition by VLX1570 results in rapid and tumor-specific apoptosis in bortezomib- or ibrutinib-resistant WM cells. Notably, treatment of WM cells with VLX1570 downregulated BCR-associated elements BTK, MYD88, NFATC, NF-κB and CXCR4, the latter whose dysregulated function is linked to ibrutinib resistance. VLX1570 administered to WM-xenografted mice resulted in decreased tumor burden and prolonged survival (P=0.0008) compared with vehicle-treated mice. Overall, our report demonstrates significant value in targeting USP14/UCHL5 with VLX1570 in drug-resistant WM and carries a high potential for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paulus
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - S Akhtar
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - T R Caulfield
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - K Samuel
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - H Yousaf
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Y Bashir
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - S M Paulus
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - D Tran
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - R Hudec
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - D Cogen
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - J Jiang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - B Edenfield
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - A Novak
- Department of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - S M Ansell
- Department of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - T Witzig
- Department of Hematology and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - P Martin
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell, NY, USA
| | - M Coleman
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Cornell, NY, USA
| | - V Roy
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - S Ailawadhi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - K Chitta
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - S Linder
- Institute for Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Chanan-Khan
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Colonic Lamina Propria Inflammatory Cells from Patients with IBD Induce the Nuclear Factor-E2 Related Factor-2 Thereby Leading to Greater Proteasome Activity and Apoptosis Protection in Human Colonocytes. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:2593-2606. [PMID: 27661668 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 confers broad cytoprotection and has a dual role in tumorigenesis. Enhancing proteasome activity is one mechanism by which Nrf2 can promote cancer development, e.g., colorectal cancer. This study investigated whether this potential oncogenic effect of Nrf2 emerges already from the epithelial adaptation to persistent oxidative stress during inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). METHODS Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing inflammatory myeloid cells (IMCs) from colon tissue of patients with IBD were cocultured with human NCM460 colonocytes. ARE-luciferase-, c-H2DCF-DA-assays, Western blotting, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed for assessing Nrf2-activity, intracellular ROS-level, and Nrf2-target gene expression. Proteasome activity was quantified by Suc-LLVY-amido-4-methylcumarin-assay, and apoptosis by caspase-3/-7 assay and PARP1-Western blots. Nrf2, proteasome proteins, and IMCs were analyzed in IBD-tissues by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS IMC-coculture caused a temporary increase of ROS in NCM460, followed by Nrf2 activation and elevated expression of ROS-protecting enzymes (NQO1, GCLC). This was accompanied by Nrf2-dependent expression of proteasome proteins (PSMD4, PSMA5) and an enhanced proteasome activity in IMC-cocultured NCM460. Nrf2-siRNA or the ROS-scavenger Tiron blocked these alterations. Depending on Nrf2-induced proteasome activity, IMC-cocultured NCM460 or Colo320 cancer cells were less sensitive to apoptosis (TRAIL-/etoposide induced). Immunostaining of IBD-tissues confirmed Nrf2 activation in the colonic epithelium within inflamed areas, along with greater proteasome protein expression. CONCLUSIONS IMC/NCM460-coculture experiments and immunohistochemistry of colonic tissues from patients with IBD reveal a Nrf2-dependent adaptation of colon epithelial cells to oxidative stress caused by inflammatory cells. This involves increased proteasome activity and apoptosis resistance that protect from tissue damage due to colitis on one hand, but on the other hand, may favor carcinogenesis.
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16
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Minchenko OH, Kryvdiuk IV, Minchenko DO, Riabovol OO, Halkin OV. Inhibition of IRE1 signaling affects expression of a subset genes encoding for TNF-related factors and receptors and modifies their hypoxic regulation in U87 glioma cells. ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM STRESS IN DISEASES 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/ersc-2016-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AbstractInhibition of IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme-1), the major signaling pathway of endoplasmic reticulum stress, significantly decreases tumor growth and proliferation of glioma cells. To elucidate the role of IRE1- mediated glioma growth, we studied the expression of a subset genes encoding for TNF (tumor necrosis factor)- related factors and receptors and their hypoxic regulation in U87 glioma cells overexpressing dominant-negative IRE1 (dnIRE1). We demonstrated that the expression of TNFAIP1, TNFRSF10D, TNFRSF21, TNFRSF11B, TNFSF7, and LITAF genes is increased in glioma cells with modified IRE1; however, TNFRSF10B, TRADD, and TNFAIP3 is down-regulated in these cells as compared to their control counterparts. We did not find TNFRSF1A gene expression to change significantly under this experimental condition. In control glioma cells, hypoxia leads to the up-regulated expression of TNFAIP1, TNFAIP3, TRADD, and TNFRSF10D genes and the concomitant down-regulation of TNFRSF21, TNFRSF11B, and LITAF genes; while, TNFRSF10B and TNFRSF1A genes are resistant to hypoxic treatment. However, inhibition of IRE1 modifies the hypoxic regulation of LITAF, TNFRSF21, TNFRSF11B, and TRADD genes and introduces hypoxia-induced sensitivity to TNFRSF10B, TNFRSF1A, and TNFSF7 gene expressions. Furthermore, knockdown by siRNA of TNFRSF21 mRNA modifies the hypoxic effect on the IRE1-dependent rate of proliferation and cell death in U87 glioma cells. The present study demonstrates that fine-tuned manipulation of the expression of TNF-related factors and receptors directly relating to cell death and proliferation, is mediated by an effector of endoplasmic reticulum stress, IRE1, as well as by hypoxia in a gene-specific manner. Thus, inhibition of the kinase and endoribonuclease activities of IRE1 correlates with deregulation of TNF-related factors and receptors in a manner that is gene specific and thus slows tumor growth.
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Kryvdiuk IV, Minchenko DO, Hlushchak NA. Inhibition of IRE1 modifies effect of glucose deprivation on the expression of TNF?-related genes in U87 glioma cells. UKRAINIAN BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL 2015; 87:36-51. [DOI: 10.15407/ubj87.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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18
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Liu N, Huang H, Dou QP, Liu J. Inhibition of 19S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases by metal-containing compounds. Oncoscience 2015; 2:457-66. [PMID: 26097878 PMCID: PMC4468331 DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Copper and gold complexes have clinical activity in several diseases including cancer. Recently, we have reported that the anti-cancer activity of copper (II) pyrithione CuPT and gold (I) complex auranofin is associated with targeting the 19S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases (DUBs), UCHL5 and USP14. Here we discuss metal DUB inhibitors in treating cancer and other diseases. (from Editor). Several copper and gold complexes have clinical activity in treating some human diseases including cancer. Recently, we have reported that the anti-cancer activity of copper (II) pyrithione CuPT and gold (I) complex auranofin is tightly associated with their ability to target and inhibit the 19S proteasome-associated deubiquitinases (DUBs), UCHL5 and USP14. In this article we review small molecule inhibitors of DUBs and 19S proteasome-associated DUBs. We then describe and discuss the ubique nature of CuPT and auranofin, which is inhibition of 19S proteasome-associated UCHL5 and USP14. We finally suggest the potential to develop novel, specific metal-based DUB inhibitors for treating cancer and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Liu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China ; Guangzhou Research Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbiao Huang
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
| | - Q Ping Dou
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China ; The Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, and Departments of Oncology, Pharmacology and Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jinbao Liu
- State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Protein Modification and Degradation Lab, Department of Pathophysiology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong, China
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