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Gao Y, Lin Y, Li Y, Zeng W, Chen Z. Interplay of RUNX2 and KLF4 in initial commitment of odontoblast differentiation. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30577. [PMID: 38720665 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Odontoblast differentiation is a key process in dentin formation. Mouse dental papilla cells (mDPCs) are pivotal in dentinogenesis through their differentiation into odontoblasts. Odontoblast differentiation is intricately controlled by transcription factors (TFs) in a spatiotemporal manner. Previous research explored the role of RUNX2 and KLF4 in odontoblast lineage commitment, respectively. Building on bioinformatics analysis of our previous ATAC-seq profiling, we hypothesized that KLF4 potentially collaborates with RUNX2 to exert its biological role. To investigate the synergistic effect of multiple TFs in odontoblastic differentiation, we first examined the spatiotemporal expression patterns of RUNX2 and KLF4 in dental papilla at the bell stage using immunostaining techniques. Notably, RUNX2 and KLF4 demonstrated colocalization in preodontoblast. Further, immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assays verified the interaction between RUNX2 and KLF4 in vitro. Specifically, the C-terminus of RUNX2 was identified as the interacting domain with KLF4. Functional implications of this interaction were investigated using small hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown of Runx2, Klf4, or both. Western blot analysis revealed a marked decrease in DSPP expression, an odontoblast differentiation marker, particularly in the double knockdown condition. Additionally, alizarin red S staining indicated significantly reduced mineralized nodule formation in this group. Collectively, our findings highlight the synergistic interaction between RUNX2 and KLF4 in promoting odontoblast differentiation from mDPCs. This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the regulatory network of TFs governing odontoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongyan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuxiu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenrui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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2
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Vimalraj S, Sekaran S. RUNX Family as a Promising Biomarker and a Therapeutic Target in Bone Cancers: A Review on Its Molecular Mechanism(s) behind Tumorigenesis. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3247. [PMID: 37370857 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15123247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor runt-related protein (RUNX) family is the major transcription factor responsible for the formation of osteoblasts from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, which are involved in bone formation. Accumulating evidence implicates the RUNX family for its role in tumor biology and cancer progression. The RUNX family has been linked to osteosarcoma via its regulation of many tumorigenicity-related factors. In the regulatory network of cancers, with numerous upstream signaling pathways and its potential target molecules downstream, RUNX is a vital molecule. Hence, a pressing need exists to understand the precise process underpinning the occurrence and prognosis of several malignant tumors. Until recently, RUNX has been regarded as one of the therapeutic targets for bone cancer. Therefore, in this review, we have provided insights into various molecular mechanisms behind the tumorigenic role of RUNX in various important cancers. RUNX is anticipated to grow into a novel therapeutic target with the in-depth study of RUNX family-related regulatory processes, aid in the creation of new medications, and enhance clinical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvaraj Vimalraj
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Sekaran
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, Tamil Nadu, India
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3
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Wang Y, Tan Z, Li X, Zhang L, Pei X. RUNX2 promotes gastric cancer progression through the transcriptional activation of MGAT5 and MMP13. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1133476. [PMID: 37256183 PMCID: PMC10226684 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1133476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction RUNX2 is overexpressed in gastric cancer but the mechanism(s) through which it promotes tumor progression remain undefined. Here, we investigated the role of RUNX2 on gastric cancer pathogenesis at the molecular level. Methods The qRT-PCR and western bolt were utilized to examine the mRNA and protein levels. CCK-8, Transwell and wound healing assays were used to measure cell proliferation, invasion and migration. CHIP-PCR gel electrophoresis was used to verify RUNX2 as a transcription factor for MMP13 and MGAT5. The in vivo assay was utilized to assess tumor growth. In vivo assay was used to evaluate tumor growth, aberrant expression of RUNX2 and lung metastasis of gastric cancer. Results RUNX2 is overexpressed in MKN-45 and AGS cells. Genetic RUNX2 silencing reduced the proliferation, invasion and migration of MKN-45 and AGS cells. Analysis of the gastric cancer samples from the database revealed a significant positive correlation between MGAT5, MMP13, and RUNX2 expression. JASPAR analysis revealed that there was a potential binding site of RUNX2 in the promoter regions of MGAT5 and MMP13, and the experimental results confirmed that RUNX2 could regulate the expression of MGAT5 and MMP13 respectively. In vivo assays confirmed the aberrant expression of RUNX2 in mouse models of gastric cancer and reduced growth and lung metastasis in RUNX2 silenced xenograft tumors assessed. Conclusion Collectively, these data reveal that RUNX2 enhances MGAT5 and MMP13 expression in gastric cancer cells and represents a biomarker and potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhibo Tan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaojuan Pei
- Department of Pathology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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Urbaniak A, Jablonska K, Suchanski J, Partynska A, Szymczak-Kulus K, Matkowski R, Maciejczyk A, Ugorski M, Dziegiel P. Prolactin-induced protein (PIP) increases the sensitivity of breast cancer cells to drug-induced apoptosis. Sci Rep 2023; 13:6574. [PMID: 37085653 PMCID: PMC10121699 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-33707-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that high expression of prolactin-induced protein (PIP) correlates with the response of breast cancer (BC) patients to standard adjuvant chemotherapy (doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide), which suggests that the absence of this glycoprotein is associated with resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapy. Therefore, in the present study, we analyzed the impact of PIP expression on resistance of BC cells to anti-cancer drugs and its biological role in BC progression. Expression of PIP and apoptotic genes in BC cell lines was analyzed using real-time PCR and Western blotting. PIP was detected in BC tissue specimens using immunohistochemistry. The tumorigenicity of cancer cells was analyzed by the in vivo tumor growth assay. Apoptotic cells were detected based on caspase-3 activation, Annexin V binding and TUNEL assay. The interaction of PIP with BC cells was analyzed using flow cytometry. Using two cellular models of BC (i.e. T47D cells with the knockdown of the PIP gene and MDA-MB-231 cells overexpressing PIP), we found that high expression of PIP resulted in (1) increased sensitivity of BC cells to apoptosis induced by doxorubicin (DOX), 4-hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC), and paclitaxel (PAX), and (2) improved efficacy of anti-cancer therapy with DOX in the xenograft mice model. Accordingly, a clinical study revealed that BC patients with higher PIP expression were characterized by longer 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival. Subsequent studies showed that PIP up-regulated the expression of the following pro-apoptotic genes: CRADD, DAPK1, FASLG, CD40 and BNIP2. This pro-apoptotic activity is mediated by secreted PIP and most probably involves the specific surface receptor. This study demonstrates that a high expression level of PIP sensitizes BC cells to anti-cancer drugs. Increased sensitivity to chemotherapy is the result of pro-apoptotic activity of PIP, which is evidenced by up-regulation of specific pro-apoptotic genes. As high expression of PIP significantly correlated with a better response of patients to anti-cancer drugs, this glycoprotein can be a marker for the prognostic evaluation of adjuvant chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Urbaniak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Jablonska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Suchanski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Partynska
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Szymczak-Kulus
- Laboratory of Glycobiology, Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, 53-114, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Rafal Matkowski
- Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology and Hematology Center, 53-413, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Adam Maciejczyk
- Department of Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
- Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology and Hematology Center, 53-413, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Ugorski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, C.K. Norwida 31, 50-375, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Piotr Dziegiel
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chalubinskiego 6a, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland.
- Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Physiotherapy, Wroclaw University of Health and Sport Sciences, 51-612, Wroclaw, Poland.
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5
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Khan AS, Campbell KJ, Cameron ER, Blyth K. The RUNX/CBFβ Complex in Breast Cancer: A Conundrum of Context. Cells 2023; 12:641. [PMID: 36831308 PMCID: PMC9953914 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dissecting and identifying the major actors and pathways in the genesis, progression and aggressive advancement of breast cancer is challenging, in part because neoplasms arising in this tissue represent distinct diseases and in part because the tumors themselves evolve. This review attempts to illustrate the complexity of this mutational landscape as it pertains to the RUNX genes and their transcription co-factor CBFβ. Large-scale genomic studies that characterize genetic alterations across a disease subtype are a useful starting point and as such have identified recurring alterations in CBFB and in the RUNX genes (particularly RUNX1). Intriguingly, the functional output of these mutations is often context dependent with regards to the estrogen receptor (ER) status of the breast cancer. Therefore, such studies need to be integrated with an in-depth understanding of both the normal and corrupted function in mammary cells to begin to tease out how loss or gain of function can alter the cell phenotype and contribute to disease progression. We review how alterations to RUNX/CBFβ function contextually ascribe to breast cancer subtypes and discuss how the in vitro analyses and mouse model systems have contributed to our current understanding of these proteins in the pathogenesis of this complex set of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adiba S. Khan
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; (A.S.K.); (K.J.C.)
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
| | - Kirsteen J. Campbell
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; (A.S.K.); (K.J.C.)
| | - Ewan R. Cameron
- School of Biodiversity One Health & Veterinary Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK;
| | - Karen Blyth
- Cancer Research UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Rd, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; (A.S.K.); (K.J.C.)
- School of Cancer Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK
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Zhang F, Cho WC. Therapeutic potential of RUNX1 and RUNX2 in bone metastasis of breast cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:413-417. [PMID: 37243490 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2219395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhang
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - William C Cho
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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7
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Monteiro FL, Stepanauskaite L, Williams C, Helguero LA. SETD7 Expression Is Associated with Breast Cancer Survival Outcomes for Specific Molecular Subtypes: A Systematic Analysis of Publicly Available Datasets. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14246029. [PMID: 36551516 PMCID: PMC9775934 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14246029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
SETD7 is a lysine N-methyltransferase that targets many proteins important in breast cancer (BC). However, its role and clinical significance remain unclear. Here, we used online tools and multiple public datasets to explore the predictive potential of SETD7 expression (high or low quartile) considering BC subtype, grade, stage, and therapy. We also investigated overrepresented biological processes associated with its expression using TCGA-BRCA data. SETD7 expression was highest in the Her2 (ERBB2)-enriched molecular subtype and lowest in the basal-like subtype. For the basal-like subtype specifically, higher SETD7 was consistently correlated with worse recurrence-free survival (p < 0.009). High SETD7-expressing tumours further exhibited a higher rate of ERBB2 mutation (20% vs. 5%) along with a poorer response to anti-Her2 therapy. Overall, high SETD7-expressing tumours showed higher stromal and lower immune scores. This was specifically related to higher counts of cancer-associated fibroblasts and endothelial cells, but lower B and T cell signatures, especially in the luminal A subtype. Genes significantly associated with SETD7 expression were accordingly overrepresented in immune response processes, with distinct subtype characteristics. We conclude that the prognostic value of SETD7 depends on the BC subtype and that SETD7 may be further explored as a potential treatment-predictive marker for immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Liliana Monteiro
- Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine—iBiMED, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Lina Stepanauskaite
- SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Williams
- SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institute, 141 83 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luisa A. Helguero
- SciLifeLab, Department of Protein Science, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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Ozyurt R, Ozpolat B. Molecular Mechanisms of Anti-Estrogen Therapy Resistance and Novel Targeted Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5206. [PMID: 36358625 PMCID: PMC9655708 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, constituting one-third of all cancers in women, and it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Anti-estrogen therapies, such as selective estrogen receptor modulators, significantly improve survival in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) BC patients, which represents about 70% of cases. However, about 60% of patients inevitably experience intrinsic or acquired resistance to anti-estrogen therapies, representing a major clinical problem that leads to relapse, metastasis, and patient deaths. The resistance mechanisms involve mutations of the direct targets of anti-estrogen therapies, compensatory survival pathways, as well as alterations in the expression of non-coding RNAs (e.g., microRNA) that regulate the activity of survival and signaling pathways. Although cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors have significantly improved survival, the efficacy of these therapies alone and in combination with anti-estrogen therapy for advanced ER+ BC, are not curative in advanced and metastatic disease. Therefore, understanding the molecular mechanisms causing treatment resistance is critical for developing highly effective therapies and improving patient survival. This review focuses on the key mechanisms that contribute to anti-estrogen therapy resistance and potential new treatment strategies alone and in combination with anti-estrogen drugs to improve the survival of BC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumeysa Ozyurt
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bulent Ozpolat
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Department of Nanomedicine, 6670 Bertner Ave, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Huang T, Wu Q, Huang H, Zhang C, Wang L, Wang L, Liu Y, Li W, Zhang J, Liu Y. Expression of GALNT8 and O-glycosylation of BMP receptor 1A suppress breast cancer cell proliferation by upregulating ERα levels. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2022; 1866:130046. [PMID: 34743989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.130046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mucin-type O-glycosylation is one of the most abundant types of O-glycosylation and plays important roles in various human carcinomas, including breast cancer. A large family of polypeptide N-acetyl-α-galactosaminyltransferases (GALNTs) initiate and define sites of mucin-type O-glycosylation. However, the specific mechanisms underlying GALNT8 expression and its roles in tumorigenesis remain poorly characterized. METHODS GALNT8 expression was assessed in 140 breast cancer patients. Immunofluorescence, immunoprecipitation, lectin blot and quantitative real-time PCR were used to investigate the expression of GALNT8 and its role in regulating estrogen receptor α (ERα) via bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. RESULTS The expression of GALNT8 was associated with breast cancer patient survival. GALNT8 downregulation was associated with a reduction in ERα levels, while GALNT8 overexpression elevated the transcription and protein levels of ERα and suppressed colony formation, suggesting an important role of GALNT8 in cancer cell proliferation. Conversely, GALNT8 knockdown led to the inhibition of BMP/SMAD/RUNX2 axis, which decreased ERα transcription. Further analysis suggested that BMP receptor 1A (BMPR1A) was O-GalNAcylated. Sites mutation of BMPR1A indicated that Thr137 and Ser37/Ser39/Ser44/Thr49 of BMPR1A were the main O-glycosylation sites. Although we cannot exclude the indirect effect of GALNT8, our results demonstrated that the expression of GALNT8 and O-glycosylation of BMPR1A play key roles in regulating the activity of BMP/SMAD/RUNX2 signaling and ERα expression. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that GALNT8 expression and abnormal O-GalNAcylation of BMPR1A increase ERα expression and suppress breast cancer cell proliferation by modulating the BMP signaling pathway. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Our results identify the involvement of GALNT8 in regulating ERα expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmiao Huang
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China
| | - Huang Huang
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China
| | - Lingyan Wang
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China
| | - Yangzhi Liu
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China
| | - Wenli Li
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China
| | - Jianing Zhang
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China..
| | - Yubo Liu
- School of Life Science & Pharmacy, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 122406, China..
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Shen J, She W, Zhang F, Guo J, Jia R. YBX1 Promotes the Inclusion of RUNX2 Alternative Exon 5 in Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Int J Stem Cells 2021; 15:301-310. [PMID: 34965997 PMCID: PMC9396021 DOI: 10.15283/ijsc21035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives RUNX2 plays an essential role during the odontoblast differentiation of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). RUNX2 Exon 5 is an alternative exon and essential for RUNX2 transcriptional activity. This study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of RUNX2 exon 5 alternative splicing in human DPSCs. Methods and Results The regulatory motifs of RUNX2 exon 5 were analyzed using the online SpliceAid program. The alternative splicing of RUNX2 exon 5 in DPSCs during mineralization-induced differentiation was analyzed by RT-PCR. To explore the effect of splicing factor YBX1 on exon 5 alternative splicing, gaining or losing function of YBX1 was performed by transfection of YBX1 overexpression plasmid or anti-YBX1 siRNA in DPSCs. Human RUNX2 exon 5 is evolutionarily conserved and alternatively spliced in DPSCs. There are three potential YBX1 binding motifs in RUNX2 exon 5. The inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 and YBX1 expression level increased significantly during mineralization- induced differentiation in DPSCs. Overexpression of YBX1 significantly increased the inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 in DPSCs. In contrast, silence of YBX1 significantly reduced the inclusion of exon 5 and the corresponding RUNX2 protein expression level. Knockdown of YBX1 reduced the expression of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) and the mineralization ability of DPSCs, while overexpression of YBX1 increased the expression of ALP and OC and the mineralization ability of DPSCs. Conclusions Human RUNX2 exon 5 is conserved evolutionarily and alternatively spliced in DPSCs. Splicing factor YBX1 promotes the inclusion of RUNX2 exon 5 and improves the mineralization ability of DPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaoxiang Shen
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Orthodontics, Stomatological Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenting She
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Stomatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengxia Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jihua Guo
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Endodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Jia
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Kang DS, Lee HJ, Seo YR, Lee CM, Hwang IT. Identifying the role of RUNX2 in bone development through network analysis in girls with central precocious puberty. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00183-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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12
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A computational approach on studying the regulation of TGF-β1-stimulated Runx2 expression by MicroRNAs in human breast cancer cells. Comput Biol Med 2021; 137:104823. [PMID: 34492519 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.104823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-β1) acts as a most effective growth inhibitor for normal epithelial cells. Loss of this anti-proliferative factor in breast tissues favors invasion and development of osteolytic metastases, aided by a master transcription factor, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2). Several reports identified Runx2 regulation with the help of non-coding RNAs such as microRNAs (miRNAs) under physiological and pathological conditions. METHODS Using bioinformatics tools such as miRDB, STarMir, Venny, TarBase, a unique list of miRNAs that putatively target the 3' UTR Runx2 was identified. Further, the expression patterns of those miRNAs at the precursor and mature levels were studied by RT-qPCR analyses. Following this, computational analyses using software like TransmiR and bc-GenExMiner v4.6 were done to speculate the miRNA's other target genes that indirectly regulate Runx2 activity in breast cancer. RESULTS There were 13 miRNAs that putatively target Runx2 identified using bioinformatics tools. Among these miRNAs, miR-5703 expression was significantly downregulated at both precursor and mature levels upon TGF-β1-treatment in human breast cancer cells. Computational analyses speculated an indirect targeting of Runx2 by miR-5703 by influencing multiple Runx2 regulatory signaling pathways including Jak/Stat, MAPK, Wnt/β-Catenin, Notch, BMP, and PKA pathways. Furthermore, a correlation of the expression profiles of the speculated genes and Runx2 with miR-5703 was depicted in triple-negative breast cancer patients. CONCLUSION Identification of miR-5703 and its network for Runx2 regulation directly or indirectly in breast cancer cells could significantly advance our understanding of breast cancer-mediated bone metastasis. In addition, it would potentially pave the way for miRNAs to be used as biomarkers and therapeutic agents in cancer research.
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Regulation of bone metastasis and metastasis suppressors by non-coding RNAs in breast cancer. Biochimie 2021; 187:14-24. [PMID: 34019953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a critical health care issue that substantially affects women worldwide. Though surgery and chemotherapy can effectively control tumor growth, metastasis remains a primary concern. Metastatic BC cells predominantly colonize in bone, owing to their rigid osseous nutrient-rich nature. There are recently increasing studies investigating the context-dependent roles of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in metastasis regulation. ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, circular RNAs, and small interference RNAs, control the BC metastasis via altered mechanisms. Additionally, these ncRNAs have been reported in regulating a unique class of genes known as Metastatic suppressors. Metastasis suppressors like BRMS1, NM23, LIFR, and KAI1, etc., have been extensively studied for their role in inducing apoptosis, inhibiting metastasis, and maintaining homeostasis. In this review, we have emphasized the direct regulation of ncRNAs for effectively controlling the distant spread of BC. Furthermore, we have highlighted the ncRNA-mediated modulation of the metastatic suppressors, thereby delineating their indirect influence over metastasis.
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14
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miR-205 in Breast Cancer: State of the Art. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010027. [PMID: 33375067 PMCID: PMC7792793 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite its controversial roles in different cancer types, miR-205 has been mainly described as an oncosuppressive microRNA (miRNA), with some contrasting results, in breast cancer. The role of miR-205 in the occurrence or progression of breast cancer has been extensively studied since the first evidence of its aberrant expression in tumor tissues versus normal counterparts. To date, it is known that the expression of miR-205 in the different subtypes of breast cancer is decreasing from the less aggressive subtype, estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor positive breast cancer, to the more aggressive, triple negative breast cancer, influencing metastasis capability, response to therapy and patient survival. In this review, we summarize the most important discoveries that have highlighted the functional role of this miRNA in breast cancer initiation and progression, in stemness maintenance, in the tumor microenvironment, its potential role as a biomarker and its relevance in normal breast physiology—the still open questions. Finally, emerging evidence reveals the role of some lncRNAs in breast cancer progression as sponges of miR-205. Here, we also reviewed the studies in this field.
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Yuan X, Wang Z, Wang L, Zhao Q, Gong S, Sun Y, Liu Q, Yuan P. Increased Levels of Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 Are Associated With Poor Survival of Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Am J Mens Health 2020; 14:1557988320945458. [PMID: 32715877 PMCID: PMC7383684 DOI: 10.1177/1557988320945458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); yet, whether circulating levels of RUNX2 can predict survival of patients with idiopathic PAH (IPAH) is still unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between circulating levels of RUNX2 and survival of patients with IPAH. Blood samples were collected from 46 incident patients with IPAH and 30 healthy controls in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital. Levels of RUNX2 were measured using ELISA. Linear regression and cox proportional hazards analysis were performed to assess the prognostic value of RUNX2 levels in predicting survival using the Kaplan-Meier method. Nonsurvivors had significantly shorter 6MWD, higher levels of NT-proBNP, increased mRAP, mPAP, mPAWP, PVR, and decreased CO as well as CI, compared with survivors (p < .05). Plasma levels of RUNX2 were significantly higher in nonsurvival and survival patients with IPAH compared with controls (p ≤ .001), and higher in nonsurvivors than in survivors (p = .001). RUNX2 levels served as an independent predictor of survival in these patients (p < .001). RUNX2 levels ≥41.5 ng/ml had a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 74.2% by ROC analysis. Patients with a RUNX2 level <41.5 ng/ml and/or mRAP <3.5 mmHg had a significantly better prognosis than those with a higher RUNX2 level in all subjects as well as in male or female patients (p < .05). The level of circulating RUNX2 is an independent predictor for survival and it is correlated with the clinical severity of IPAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuntao Yuan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Zuogang Wang
- Department of Cardiosurgery, Weifang Traditional Chinese Hospital, Shandong, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinhua Zhao
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sugang Gong
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Yuan
- Department of Cardio-Pulmonary Circulation, School of Medicine, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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16
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Absil L, Journé F, Larsimont D, Body JJ, Tafforeau L, Nonclercq D. Farnesoid X receptor as marker of osteotropism of breast cancers through its role in the osteomimetism of tumor cells. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:640. [PMID: 32650752 PMCID: PMC7350202 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-07106-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The skeleton is the first and most common distant metastatic site for breast cancer. Such metastases complicate cancer management, inducing considerable morbidities and decreasing patient survival. Osteomimetism is part of the complex process of osteotropism of breast cancer cells. Recent data indicate that Farnesoid X Receptor (FXR) is involved in the transformation and progression of breast cancer. Methods The expression of FXR, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and bone proteins were evaluated on two tumor cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and western blotting and quantified. Results In a series of 81 breast cancer patients who developed distant metastases, we found a strong correlation between FXR expression in primary breast tumors and the development of bone metastases, especially in patients with histological grade 3 tumors. In in vitro studies, FXR activation by Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) increased the expression of numerous bone proteins. FXR inhibition by lithocholic acid and z-guggulsterone decreased bone protein expression. Short Hairpin RNA (ShRNA) against FXR validated the involvement of FXR in the osteomimetism of breast cancer cells. Conclusion Our experimental results point to a relationship between the expression of FXR in breast cancer cells and the propensity of these tumor cells to develop bone metastases. FXR induces the expression of RUNX2 which itself causes the synthesis of bone proteins by tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Absil
- Laboratory of Histology, University of Mons, 6, avenue du Champ de Mars, (Pentagone 1B), B-7000, Mons, Belgium.
| | - F Journé
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy and Experimental Oncology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.,Laboratory of Oncology and Experimental Surgery, Jules Bordet Institute, ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - D Larsimont
- Pathology Department, Jules Bordet Institute, ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - J J Body
- CHU-Brugmann, ULB, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - L Tafforeau
- Laboratory of Cell Biology, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - D Nonclercq
- Laboratory of Histology, University of Mons, 6, avenue du Champ de Mars, (Pentagone 1B), B-7000, Mons, Belgium.
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17
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Wu X, Li J, Gassa A, Buchner D, Alakus H, Dong Q, Ren N, Liu M, Odenthal M, Stippel D, Bruns C, Zhao Y, Wahba R. Circulating tumor DNA as an emerging liquid biopsy biomarker for early diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Biol Sci 2020; 16:1551-1562. [PMID: 32226301 PMCID: PMC7097921 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.44024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is known for its poor prognosis due to diagnosis only in advanced stages. Nearly 50% of the patients with the first diagnosis of HCC die within a year. Currently, the advancements in the integration of omics information have begun to transform the clinical management of cancer patients. Molecular profiling for HCC patients is in general obtained from resected tumor materials or biopsies. However, the resected tumor tissue is limited and can only be obtained through surgery, so that dynamic monitoring of patients cannot be performed. Compared to invasive procedures, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has been proposed as an alternative source to perform molecular profiling of tumor DNA in cancer patients. The detection of abnormal forms of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) that originate from cancer cells (ctDNA) provides a novel tool for cancer detection and disease monitoring. This may also be an opportunity to optimize the early diagnosis of HCC. In this review, we summarized the updated methods, materials, storage of sampling, detection techniques for ctDNA and the comparison of the applications among different biomarkers in HCC patients. In particular, we analyzed ctDNA studies dealing with copy number variations, gene integrity, mutations (RAS, TERT, CTNNB1, TP53 and so on), DNA methylation alterations (DBX2, THY1, TGR5 and so on) for the potential utility of ctDNA in the diagnosis and management of HCC. The biological functions and correlated signaling pathways of ctDNA associated genes (including MAPK/RAS pathway, p53 signaling pathway and Wnt-β catenin pathway) are also discussed and highlighted. Thus, exploration of ctDNA/cfDNA as potential biomarkers may provide a great opportunity in future liquid biopsy applications for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Wu
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Jiahui Li
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Asmae Gassa
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Heart Center, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany, Kerpener Straße 62, 5.937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Denise Buchner
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Hakan Alakus
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Qiongzhu Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital & Cancer Metastasis Institute & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ning Ren
- Liver Cancer Institute & Zhongshan Hospital; Department of Surgery, Institute of Fudan-Minhang Academic Health System, Minhang Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 200032, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ming Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University; Key Laboratory of Protein Modification and Degradation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, 510095, Guangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Margarete Odenthal
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dirk Stippel
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Christiane Bruns
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of General, Visceral und Vascular Surgery, Otto-von-Guericke University, 39120, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Roger Wahba
- Department of General, Visceral, Cancer and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Straße 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
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Samarakkody AS, Shin NY, Cantor AB. Role of RUNX Family Transcription Factors in DNA Damage Response. Mol Cells 2020; 43:99-106. [PMID: 32024352 PMCID: PMC7057837 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2019.0304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells are constantly exposed to endogenous and exogenous stresses that can result in DNA damage. In response, they have evolved complex pathways to maintain genomic integrity. RUNX family transcription factors (RUNX1, RUNX2, and RUNX3 in mammals) are master regulators of development and differentiation, and are frequently dysregulated in cancer. A growing body of research also implicates RUNX proteins as regulators of the DNA damage response, often acting in conjunction with the p53 and Fanconi anemia pathways. In this review, we discuss the functional role and mechanisms involved in RUNX factor mediated response to DNA damage and other cellular stresses. We highlight the impact of these new findings on our understanding of cancer predisposition associated with RUNX factor dysregulation and their implications for designing novel approaches to prevent cancer formation in affected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Sanoji Samarakkody
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 025, USA
| | - Nah-Young Shin
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 025, USA
| | - Alan B. Cantor
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Boston Children’s Hospital and Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 025, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 0138, USA
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19
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Si W, Zhou J, Zhao Y, Zheng J, Cui L. SET7/9 promotes multiple malignant processes in breast cancer development via RUNX2 activation and is negatively regulated by TRIM21. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:151. [PMID: 32102992 PMCID: PMC7044199 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2350-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Although the deregulation of lysine methyltransferase (su(var)-3-9, enhancer-of-zeste, trithorax) domain-containing protein 7/9 (SET7/9) has been identified in a variety of cancers, the potential role of SET7/9 and the molecular events in which it is involved in breast cancer remain obscure. Using the online Human Protein Atlas and GEO databases, the expression of SET7/9 was analyzed. Furthermore, we investigated the underlying mechanisms using chromatin immunoprecipitation-based deep sequencing (ChIP-seq) and quantitative ChIP assays. To explore the physiological role of SET7/9, functional analyses such as CCK-8, colony formation, and transwell assays were performed and a xenograft tumor model was generated with the human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231. Mass spectrometry, co-immunoprecipitation, GST pull-down, and ubiquitination assays were used to explore the mechanisms of SET7/9 function in breast cancer. We evaluated the expression of SET7/9 in different breast cancer cohorts and found that higher expression indicated worse survival times in these public databases. We demonstrated positive effects of SET7/9 on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via the activation of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). We demonstrate that tripartite motif-containing protein 21 (TRIM21) physically associates with SET7/9 and functions as a major negative regulator upstream of SET7/9 through a proteasome-dependent mechanism and increased ubiquitination. Taken together, our data suggest that SET7/9 has a promoting role via the regulation of RUNX2, whereas TRIM21-mediated SET7/9 degradation acts as an anti-braking system in the progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhe Si
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Jiansuo Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiajia Zheng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Liyan Cui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, 100191, China.
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20
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Pore SK, Hahm ER, Kim SH, Singh KB, Nyiranshuti L, Latoche JD, Anderson CJ, Adamik J, Galson DL, Weiss KR, Watters RJ, Lee B, Kumta PN, Singh SV. A Novel Sulforaphane-Regulated Gene Network in Suppression of Breast Cancer-Induced Osteolytic Bone Resorption. Mol Cancer Ther 2020; 19:420-431. [PMID: 31784454 PMCID: PMC7007818 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Bone is the most preferred site for colonization of metastatic breast cancer cells for each subtype of the disease. The standard of therapeutic care for breast cancer patients with bone metastasis includes bisphosphonates (e.g., zoledronic acid), which have poor oral bioavailability, and a humanized antibody (denosumab). However, these therapies are palliative, and a subset of patients still develop new bone lesions and/or experience serious adverse effects. Therefore, a safe and orally bioavailable intervention for therapy of osteolytic bone resorption is still a clinically unmet need. This study demonstrates suppression of breast cancer-induced bone resorption by a small molecule (sulforaphane, SFN) that is safe clinically and orally bioavailable. In vitro osteoclast differentiation was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner upon addition of conditioned media from SFN-treated breast cancer cells representative of different subtypes. Targeted microarrays coupled with interrogation of The Cancer Genome Atlas data set revealed a novel SFN-regulated gene signature involving cross-regulation of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and nuclear factor-κB and their downstream effectors. Both RUNX2 and p65/p50 expression were higher in human breast cancer tissues compared with normal mammary tissues. RUNX2 was recruited at the promotor of NFKB1 Inhibition of osteoclast differentiation by SFN was augmented by doxycycline-inducible stable knockdown of RUNX2. Oral SFN administration significantly increased the percentage of bone volume/total volume of affected bones in the intracardiac MDA-MB-231-Luc model indicating in vivo suppression of osteolytic bone resorption by SFN. These results indicate that SFN is a novel inhibitor of breast cancer-induced osteolytic bone resorption in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata K Pore
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Eun-Ryeong Hahm
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Su-Hyeong Kim
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Krishna B Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Lea Nyiranshuti
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Joseph D Latoche
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Carolyn J Anderson
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Radiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Juraj Adamik
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Deborah L Galson
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Kurt R Weiss
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca J Watters
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Boeun Lee
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Prashant N Kumta
- Department of Bioengineering, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering and Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Swanson School of Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shivendra V Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
- UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Li R, Liu J, Qi J. Knockdown of long non-coding RNA CCAT1 suppresses proliferation and EMT of human cervical cancer cell lines by down-regulating Runx2. Exp Mol Pathol 2020; 113:104380. [PMID: 31935379 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2020.104380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the common malignant tumors in women. CCAT1 is a novel lncRNA and its knockdown can inhibit viability, migration and invasion in CC cells. Here, we aimed to further explore the roles of CCAT1 knockdown and underlying mechanism to provide theoretical support for the application of CCAT1 knockdown in treating CC. METHODS The expression level of CCAT1 in CC tissues was examined by using qRT-PCR. Si-CCAT1, pc-Runx2 and relative control were transfected into HeLa and SiHa cells to explore the functional mechanism of CCAT1. The effects of CCAT1 on cell proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion were examined via BrdU incorporation assay, flow cytometry and transwell assay. The expression of Runx2 and other relative factors was examined via qRT-PCR and western blot analysis. RESULTS Our findings indicated that CCAT1 was highly expressed in CC tissues contrasted with adjacent tissues. The proliferation, migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were suppressed, while the apoptosis was promoted by CCAT1 knockdown. Moreover, knockdown of CCAT1 could negatively regulate Runx2 to play anti-tumor roles in HeLa and SiHa cells. Further, CCAT1 knockdown could suppress PI3K/AKT signal pathway. CONCLUSION Knockdown of CCAT1 suppressed proliferation, EMT, migration and invasion in HeLa and SiHa cells through down-regulating Runx2, which provided theoretical support for its application in CC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiping Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, China.
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Jinhong Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130000, China
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22
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Huang J, Chang S, Lu Y, Wang J, Si Y, Zhang L, Cheng S, Jiang WG. Enhanced osteopontin splicing regulated by RUNX2 is HDAC-dependent and induces invasive phenotypes in NSCLC cells. Cancer Cell Int 2019; 19:306. [PMID: 31832019 PMCID: PMC6873507 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-019-1033-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Increased cell mobility is a signature when tumor cells undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. TGF-β is a key stimulating factor to promote the transcription of a variety of downstream genes to accelerate cancer progression and metastasis, including osteopontin (OPN) which exists in several functional forms as different splicing variants. In non-small cell lung cancer cells, although increased total OPN expression was observed under various EMT conditions, the exact constitution and the underlining mechanism towards the generation of such OPN splicing isoforms was poorly understood. Methods We investigated the possible mechanisms of osteopontin splicing variant and its role in EMT and cancer metastasis using NSCLC cell line and cell and molecular biology techniques. Results In this study, we determined that OPNc, an exon 4 excluded shorter form of Opn gene products, appeared to be more potent to promote cell invasion. The expression of OPNc was selectively increased to higher abundance during EMT following TGF-β induction. The switching from OPNa to OPNc could be enhanced by RUNX2 (a transcription factor that recognizes the Opn gene promoter) overexpression, but appeared to be strictly in a HDAC dependent manner in A549 cells. The results suggested the increase of minor splicing variant of OPNc required both (1) the enhanced transcription from its coding gene driven by specific transcription factors; and (2) the simultaneous modulation or fluctuation of the coupled splicing process that depends to selective classed of epigenetic regulators, predominately HDAC family members. Conclusion Our study not only emphasized the importance of splicing variant for its role in EMT and cancer metastasis, but also helped to understand the possible mechanisms of the epigenetic controls for defining the levels and kinetic of gene splicing isoforms and their generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- 1Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China.,2Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Siyuan Chang
- 1Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China.,2Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Yabin Lu
- 1Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Jing Wang
- 1Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Yang Si
- 1Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Lijian Zhang
- 3Department of Thoracic Surgery, Key Laboratory for Carcinogenesis and Translational Research Ministry of Education, Peking University Hospital, Beijing, 100142 China
| | - Shan Cheng
- 1Department of Medical Genetics and Developmental Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China.,2Beijing Key Laboratory of Cancer & Metastasis Research, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069 China
| | - Wen G Jiang
- 4Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN UK
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23
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Zhao P, Guan H, Dai Z, Ma Y, Zhao Y, Liu D. Long noncoding RNA DLX6-AS1 promotes breast cancer progression via miR-505-3p/RUNX2 axis. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172778. [PMID: 31705901 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The dysregulation of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) DLX6-AS1 has been identified to be involved in the development of several cancers, but its functional role and the underlying mechanism of DLX6-AS1 in breast cancer (BC) remains unknown. In the current study, the expression of DLX6-AS1 in the BC tissue samples was evaluated and the correlation between DLX6-AS1 expression and clinicopathological parameters were also analyzed. We found that DLX6-AS1 expression was much higher in tumor tissues than that in adjacent normal tissues and was positively associated with poor prognosis in BC patients. DLX6-AS1 knockdown significantly suppressed BC cell proliferation, invasion, migration, and promoted apoptosis. Moreover, luciferase reporter assay validated that DLX6-AS1 acted as an endogenous sponge to miR-505-3p and negatively regulated its expression. Additionally, miR-505-3p inhibited runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression by directly bind to its 3'- untranslated region (3'-UTR) and overexpression of RUNX2 partially reversed the effect of miR-505-3p mimics on BC cell proliferation and invasion. Furthermore, in BC tissues, miR-505-3p expression level was inversely associated with DLX6-AS1 and RUNX2, respectively. In conclusion, these findings demonstrated that DLX6-AS1 functioned as an oncogenic role that promoted BC proliferation and invasion through miR-505-3p/RUNX2 axis, which might serve as a potential therapeutic target for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xiwu Road, Xi' an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Haitao Guan
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, PR China.
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Yuguang Ma
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, PR China
| | - Di Liu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, No.157 Xiwu Road, Xi'an, 710004, Shaanxi Province, PR China
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24
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Jiang E, Kang Z, Wang X, Liu Y, Liu X, Wang Z, Li X, Lan X. Detection of insertions/deletions (InDels) within the goat Runx2 gene and their association with litter size and growth traits. Anim Biotechnol 2019; 32:169-177. [PMID: 31591922 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2019.1671858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) is characterized by its critical functions in osteoblastic and ovulatory processes. The goal of this study was to explore the insertion/deletion (indel) variants of this gene and to evaluate their association with productive traits. Herein, a 12 bp and 6 bp insertion within the Runx2 gene was uncovered in Shaanbei white cashmere goats (SBWC; n = 1200). Chi-square analysis revealed that the 12 bp insertion was related to litter size (p < 0.01). Further association analysis also found this insertion was significantly associated with litter size (p = 1.1E-5). Interestingly, this insertion was also significantly associated with chest circumference (p = 0.018). Additionally, the 6 bp insertion was associated with body length (p = 0.003), chest width (p = 0.011), and chest circumference (p = 0.005). Furthermore, diplotype associations also uncovered that the combined genotypes of these two indels also significantly affected litter size and growth traits (p < 0.05). These findings suggested that these two insertions within the Runx2 gene were significantly associated with reproduction and growth traits, which would make them beneficial functional DNA markers that can be used in goat breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enhui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zihong Kang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiangchen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xianyong Lan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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25
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Ouyang P, Wu K, Su L, An W, Bie Y, Zhang H, Kang H, Jiang E, Zhu W, Yao Y, Hu X, Chen Z, Wang S. Inhibition of human cervical cancer cell invasion by IL-37 involving runt related transcription factor 2 suppression. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2019; 7:568. [PMID: 31807549 DOI: 10.21037/atm.2019.09.38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background IL-37 is a newly anti-inflammatory cytokine whose function is largely unknown in cancer. Our preliminary experiment found IL-37 could inhibit the invasion of human cervical cancer (CC) cells and influence the expression of RUNX family whose function was also unclear in CC. The present study aims to further investigate the effects of IL-37 on cell invasion and runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) expression in CC cell lines. Methods Firstly, plasmid overexpressing IL-37 or RUNX2 was transfected into Siha and C33A cells by Hilymax. Then, the effects of IL-37 on the mRNA expression of RUNX1, RUNX2 and RUNX3 gene were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression was measured by Western blot and the grayscale scanning analysis. Finally, the effects of IL-37 or RUNX2 on cell invasion were tested by transwell assay. Results IL-37 inhibited the mRNA expression of RUNX1 and RUNX2, and increased that of RUNX3 in CC cells. Among the three RUNX genes, RUNX2 showed the most significant change in mRNA expression (decreased by78.5% in Siha cells and by 61.5% in C33A cells) and thus was chosen for the following study. Overexpressed IL-37 inhibited cell invasion by 36.23% in Siha cells (P<0.05) and 26.21% in C33A cells (P<0.01). Overexpression of RUNX2 promoted cell invasion. Up-regulation of IL-37 suppressed markedly the mRNA and protein expression of RUNX2. Furthermore, overexpressed RUNX2 partially restored the inhibited cell invasion by IL-37 to 86.62% in Siha cells (P<0.01) and 87.08% in C33A cells (P<0.01). Conclusions IL-37 can significantly inhibit the cell invasion of Siha and C33A cells, which involves the suppression of RUNX2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Ouyang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Kun Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Liudan Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Weifang An
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yanhong Bie
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - He Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Haixian Kang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Enping Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Wei Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Yunhong Yao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Xinrong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Zhangquan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Sen Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Dongguan Scientific Research Center, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China.,Department of Histology and Embryology, Basic Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523808, China
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26
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Jin Y, Kim HK, Lee J, Soh EY, Kim JH, Song I, Chung YS, Choi YJ. Transcription Factor HOXA9 is Linked to the Calcification and Invasion of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6773. [PMID: 31043660 PMCID: PMC6494860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-43207-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcification is important for the diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), a master transcription factor associated with osteogenic differentiation, is reportedly related to PTC calcification and invasiveness. However, its regulatory role in this process is somewhat uncharacterized. Here, we attempted to identify genes that regulate RUNX2 and clarify its function in PTC carcinogenesis and calcification. The expression of RUNX2-upstream genes was evaluated by real-time PCR in Nthy-Ori 3-1 normal thyroid cells and TPC1 and BHP10-3 PTC cell lines. Luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays were performed with candidate genes after cloning the RUNX2 promoter. We found that RUNX2 promoter activity was enhanced by homeobox family A9 (HOXA9). Over-expression of HOXA9 was found to enhance alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization, and in vitro tumour cell migration and invasion, whereas downregulation had the opposite effects. These results indicate that HOXA9, a positive regulator of RUNX2, can enhance calcification, migration, and invasion in PTC. Our data improve the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of microcalcification in PTC as well as tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilan Jin
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Hyeung Kyoo Kim
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jeonghun Lee
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Euy Young Soh
- Department of Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Kim
- Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Insun Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon-Sok Chung
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yong Jun Choi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
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27
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Li Q, Du X, Pan Z, Zhang L, Li Q. The transcription factor SMAD4 and miR-10b contribute to E2 release and cell apoptosis in ovarian granulosa cells by targeting CYP19A1. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 476:84-95. [PMID: 29723543 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 (CYP19A1) gene, encodes aromatase, a key enzyme in estradiol (E2) synthesis, and is down-regulated during porcine follicular atresia. However, its role in and the mechanism of transcriptional repression in follicular atresia is largely unknown. In the present study, we show that the CYP19A1 gene stimulates E2 release and inhibits cell apoptosis in porcine granulosa cells (GCs). SMAD4, an anti-apoptotic moderator, was identified as a transcription factor of the porcine CYP19A1 gene and enhanced the expression and function of CYP19A1 in porcine GCs through direct binding to a SMAD4-binding element (SBE) within the promoter region of CYP19A1 gene. Moreover, we found that miR-10b, a pro-apoptotic factor, directly interacted with 3'-UTR of the porcine CYP19A1 mRNA, inhibiting its expression and function in porcine GCs. Collectively, we demonstrated that CYP19A1 is an inhibitor of follicular atresia and is regulated by both SMAD4 and miR-10b. These findings provide further insight into the mechanisms of CYP19A1 in steroid hormone synthesis and GC apoptosis and provide molecular targets for exploring methods of treatment for steroid-dependent reproductive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xing Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zengxiang Pan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lifan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qifa Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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28
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Runx2 was Correlated with Neurite Outgrowth and Schwann Cell Differentiation, Migration After Sciatic Nerve Crush. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:2423-2434. [PMID: 30374602 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-018-2670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Runx2, also known as Cbfa1, is a multifunctional transcription factor essential for osteoblast differentiation. It also plays major roles in chondrocyte maturation, mesenchymal stem cell differentiation, cleidocranial dysplasia, and the growth and metastasis of tumors. The present study was performed to investigate the functions of Runx2 in the differentiation and migration of Schwann cells and outgrowth of neurites after peripheral nervous system injury. In a model of sciatic nerve crush (SNC) injury, we found a gradual increase in the expression of Runx2, which reached a peak after 1 week. Immunofluorescence revealed increased expression of Runx2 in Schwann cells and axons after SNC injury. Runx2 and Oct-6 expression trends were consistent with each other in western blotting, and colocalization of Runx2 and Oct-6 was observed in immunofluorescence. In vitro, Runx2 promoted Schwann cell differentiation by activation of the Akt-GSK3β signaling pathway. In addition, Runx2 promoted the migration of Schwann cells and outgrowth of neurites. These findings suggest that Runx2 may be involved in neurite outgrowth and Schwann cell differentiation and migration after sciatic nerve injury.
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29
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Pore SK, Hahm ER, Latoche JD, Anderson CJ, Shuai Y, Singh SV. Prevention of breast cancer-induced osteolytic bone resorption by benzyl isothiocyanate. Carcinogenesis 2018; 39:134-145. [PMID: 29040431 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteolytic bone resorption is the primary cause of pain and suffering (e.g. pathological bone fracture) in women with metastatic breast cancer. The current standard of care for patients with bone metastasis for reducing the incidence of skeletal complications includes bisphosphonates and a humanized antibody (denosumab). However, a subset of patients on these therapies still develops new bone metastasis or experiences adverse effects. Moreover, some bisphosphonates have poor oral bioavailability. Therefore, orally-bioavailable and non-toxic inhibitors of breast cancer-induced osteolytic bone resorption are still clinically desirable. We have shown previously that benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) decreases the incidence of breast cancer in a transgenic mouse model without any side effects. The present study provides in vivo evidence for inhibition of breast cancer-induced osteolytic bone resorption by BITC. Plasma achievable doses of BITC (0.5 and 1 μM) inhibited in vitro osteoclast differentiation induced by co-culture of osteoclast precursor cells (RAW264.7) and breast cancer cells representative of different subtypes. This effect was accompanied by downregulation of key mediators of osteoclast differentiation, including receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), in BITC-treated breast cancer cells. Doxycycline-inducible knockdown of RUNX2 augmented BITC-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. Oral administration of 10 mg BITC/kg body weight, 5 times per week, inhibited MDA-MB-231-induced skeletal metastasis multiplicity by ~81% when compared with control (P = 0.04). The present study indicates that BITC has the ability to inhibit breast cancer-induced osteolytic bone resorption in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subrata K Pore
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Eun-Ryeong Hahm
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Joseph D Latoche
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,In Vivo Imaging Facility, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Carolyn J Anderson
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,In Vivo Imaging Facility, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Yongli Shuai
- Biostatistics Facility, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Shivendra V Singh
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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30
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Ramsey J, Butnor K, Peng Z, Leclair T, van der Velden J, Stein G, Lian J, Kinsey CM. Loss of RUNX1 is associated with aggressive lung adenocarcinomas. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3487-3497. [PMID: 28926105 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The mammalian runt-related factor 1 (RUNX1) is a master transcription factor that regulates lineage specification of hematopoietic stem cells. RUNX1 translocations result in the development of myeloid leukemias. Recently, RUNX1 has been implicated as a tumor suppressor in other cancers. We postulated RUNX1 expression may be associated with lung adenocarcinoma etiology and/or progression. We evaluated the association of RUNX1 mRNA expression with overall survival data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), a publically available database. Compared to high expression levels, Low RUNX1 levels from lung adenocarcinomas were associated with a worse overall survival (Hazard Ratio = 2.014 (1.042-3.730 95% confidence interval), log-rank p = 0.035) compared to those that expressed high RUNX1 levels. Further immunohistochemical examination of 85 surgical specimens resected at the University of Vermont Medical Center identified that low RUNX1 protein expression was associated with larger tumors (p = 0.038). Gene expression network analysis was performed on the same subset of TCGA cases that demonstrated differential survival by RUNX1 expression. This analysis, which reveals regulatory relationships, showed that reduced RUNX1 levels were closely linked to upregulation of the transcription factor E2F1. To interrogate this relationship, RUNX1 was depleted in a lung cancer cell line that expresses high levels of RUNX1. Loss of RUNX1 resulted in enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion. RUNX1 depletion also resulted in increased mRNA expression of E2F1 and multiple E2F1 target genes. Our data implicate loss of RUNX1 as driver of lung adenocarcinoma aggression, potentially through deregulation of the E2F1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Ramsey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Kelly Butnor
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Zhihua Peng
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Tim Leclair
- Department of Thoracic Surgery and Interventional Pulmonology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Jos van der Velden
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Gary Stein
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - Jane Lian
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont
| | - C Matthew Kinsey
- Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont
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31
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Li Z, Dong M, Fan D, Hou P, Li H, Liu L, Lin C, Liu J, Su L, Wu L, Li X, Huang B, Lu J, Zhang Y. LncRNA ANCR down-regulation promotes TGF-β-induced EMT and metastasis in breast cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:67329-67343. [PMID: 28978036 PMCID: PMC5620176 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a progression of cellular plasticity critical for development, differentiation, cancer cells migration and tumor metastasis. As a well-studied factor, TGF-β participates in EMT and involves in physiological and pathological functions of tumor progression. Accumulating evidence indicates that long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs) play crucial roles in EMT and tumor metastasis. Here, we find that lncRNA ANCR participates in TGF-β1-induced EMT. By our ChIP and Real-time PCR assays, we reveal that TGF-β1 down-regulates ANCR expression by increasing HDAC3 enrichment at ANCR promoter region, which decreases both H3 and H4 acetylation of ANCR promoter. In addition, by western blot and transwell assays, we indicate that ectopic expression of ANCR partly attenuates the TGF-β1-induced EMT. Downstream, ANCR inhibits breast cancer cell migration and breast cancer metastasis by decreasing RUNX2 expression in vitro and in vivo. Thus, our study identifies ANCR, as a new TGF-β downstream molecular, is essential for TGF-β1-induced EMT by decreasing RUNX2 expression. These results implicate that ANCR might become a prognostic biomarker and an anti-metastasis therapy target for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongwei Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Meichen Dong
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Dongmei Fan
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Pingfu Hou
- Jiangsu Center for the Collaboration and Innovation of Cancer Biotherapy, Cancer Institute, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Hongyuan Li
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lingxia Liu
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Cong Lin
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Liangping Su
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lan Wu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaoxue Li
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Baiqu Huang
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Lu
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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32
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Chimge NO, Ahmed-Alnassar S, Frenkel B. Relationship between RUNX1 and AXIN1 in ER-negative versus ER-positive Breast Cancer. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:312-318. [PMID: 28055379 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1237325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
RUNX1 plays opposing roles in breast cancer: a tumor suppressor in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) disease and an oncogenic role in ER-negative (ER-) tumors. Potentially mediating the former, we have recently reported that RUNX1 prevents estrogen-driven suppression of the mRNA encoding the tumor suppressor AXIN1. Accordingly, AXIN1 protein expression was diminished upon RUNX1 silencing in ER+ breast cancer cells and was positively correlated with AXIN1 protein expression across tumors with high levels of ER. Here we report the surprising observation that RUNX1 and AXIN1 proteins are strongly correlated in ER- tumors as well. However, this correlation is not attributable to regulation of AXIN1 by RUNX1 or vice versa. The unexpected correlation between RUNX1, playing an oncogenic role in ER- breast cancer, and AXIN1, a well-established tumor suppressor hub, may be related to a high ratio between the expression of variant 2 and variant 1 (v2/v1) of AXIN1 in ER- compared with ER+ breast cancer. Although both isoforms are similarly regulated by RUNX1 in estrogen-stimulated ER+ breast cancer cells, the higher v2/v1 ratio in ER- disease is expected to weaken the tumor suppressor activity of AXIN1 in these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nyam-Osor Chimge
- a Department of Medicine , Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,b Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Sara Ahmed-Alnassar
- b Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
| | - Baruch Frenkel
- b Institute for Genetic Medicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,c Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.,d Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA
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33
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Fujimoto M, Inoue T, Kito H, Niwa S, Suzuki T, Muraki K, Ohya S. Transcriptional repression of HER2 by ANO1 Cl - channel inhibition in human breast cancer cells with resistance to trastuzumab. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 482:188-194. [PMID: 27838298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The Ca2+-activated Cl- channel ANO1 contributes to tumorigenesis and metastasis in several carcinomas including breast cancer (BCA). Cl- channels have recently been attracting attention as 'transcriptional modulators'. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is overexpressed in approximately 30% of patients with BCA, and anti-HER2 monoclonal antibodies such as trastuzumab have emerged as a treatment for metastatic BCA. Among the seven human BCA cell lines examined in the present study, MDA-MB-453 and YMB-1 cells were HER2-positive; however, YMB-1 cell viability showed resistance to trastuzumab. Whole-cell patch-clamp configurations indicated that ANO1 was the main Cl- conductance in YMB-1 cells, and the pharmacological and siRNA-mediated inhibition of ANO1 significantly prevented HER2 transcription in YMB-1 cells. The expression levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 (IGFBP5), which is a risk factor for BCA recurrence and metastasis, was not affected by the inhibition of ANO1 in YMB-1 cells. These results suggest that ANO1 Cl- channels may function as a transcriptional regulator of HER2, and ANO1 inhibitors have potential in the treatment of BCA patients with resistance to HER2-targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayu Fujimoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takahiro Inoue
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kito
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Satomi Niwa
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Suzuki
- Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 603-8334, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Muraki
- Laboratory of Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aichi-Gakuin University, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Susumu Ohya
- Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan.
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Qin L, Zhang Y, Lin J, Shentu Y, Xie X. MicroRNA-455 regulates migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting Runx2. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:3325-3332. [PMID: 27748890 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA-455 (miR-455) has been considered as a novel cancer-related miRNA and dysregulated expression frequently occurs in various human types of cancer. However, its clinical significance, its biological function and the underlying molecular signaling involved in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain to be elucidated. In the present study, we found that the expression level of miR-455 was significantly downregulated in both HCC tissues and cell lines. Low expression of miR-455 was significantly associated with poor prognostic features including multiple tumor nodes, high Edmondson‑Steiner grading, advanced tumor-node‑metastasis (TNM) stage and venous infiltration. In addition, our data revealed that miR-455 was a novel prognostic indicator for predicting the 5-year overall and disease-free survival of HCC patients. The gain- and loss-of-function studies revealed that miR-455 significantly suppressed migration and invasion of HCC cells in vitro. miR-455 was inversely correlated with runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) expression in HCC samples. Moreover, we identified that miR-455 inversely regulated Runx2 expression in HCC cells. In this investigation, Runx2 was found to be a direct downstream target of miR-455. Evidently, alteration in Runx2 expression suppressed the effect of miR-455 on HCC cell migration and invasion. In conclusion, our data demonstrated that miR-455 promotes HCC growth by targeting Runx2 and can potentially be regarded as a novel prognostic indicator and valuable therapeutic strategy for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Qin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jie Lin
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Yangping Shentu
- Medical Function Center of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Xie
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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Zhang Z, Ren H, Shen G, Qiu T, Liang D, Yang Z, Yao Z, Tang J, Jiang X, Wei Q. Animal models for glucocorticoid-induced postmenopausal osteoporosis: An updated review. Biomed Pharmacother 2016; 84:438-446. [PMID: 27685786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.09.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid-induced postmenopausal osteoporosis is a severe osteoporosis, with high risk of major osteoporotic fractures. This severe osteoporosis urges more extensive and deeper basic study, in which suitable animal models are indispensable. However, no relevant review is available introducing this model systematically. Based on the recent studies on GI-PMOP, this brief review introduces the GI-PMOP animal model in terms of its establishment, evaluation of bone mass and discuss its molecular mechanism. Rat, rabbit and sheep with their respective merits were chosen. Both direct and indirect evaluation of bone mass help to understand the bone metabolism under different intervention. The crucial signaling pathways, miRNAs, osteogenic- or adipogenic- related factors and estrogen level may be the predominant contributors to the development of glucocorticoid-induced postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhida Zhang
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Hui Ren
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Gengyang Shen
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Ting Qiu
- The First School of Clinic Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - De Liang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhidong Yang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Zhensong Yao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Jingjing Tang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Xiaobing Jiang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; Laboratory Affiliated to National Key Discipline of Orthopaedic and Traumatology of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China.
| | - Qiushi Wei
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
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36
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Wang Q, Yu W, Huang T, Zhu Y, Huang C. RUNX2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell migration and invasion by upregulating MMP9 expression. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2777-2784. [PMID: 27666365 DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) was first identified as a transcription factor to play an important role in different biological processes of osteoblast and chondrocyte, including differentiation and migration. Recently, RUNX2 has been implicated in promigratory/proinvasive behavior in different human malignancies. In the present study, we demonstrated that the RUNX2 mRNA and protein expression were both increased significantly in HCC tissues and cell lines. High RUNX2 expression was correlated obviously with poor clinicopathological characteristics including multiple tumor nodes, high histological grading, venous infiltration and advanced tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage. In addition, we demonstrated that RUNX2 was a prognostic indicator for predicting 5-year overall survival and disease-free survival of HCC patients. Our studies showed that RUXN2 overexpression promoted, while RUNX2 knockdown inhibited HCC cell migration and invasion in vitro. Notably, RUNX2 positively regulated matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) accumulation in HCC cells. Furthermore, we confirmed that RUNX2 was positively correlated with MMP9 expression in HCC tissues by Pearson correlation analysis. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that MMP9 overexpression increased HCC cell migration and invasion, while MMP9 knockdown reduced HCC cell migration and invasion in vitro. Alteration of MMP9 expression partially abrogated the effects of RUNX2 on HCC cell migration and invasion, which suggests that RUNX2 developed its pro-metastatic biological function by upregulating the expression of MMP9 in HCC cells. In conclusion, our results reveal that RUNX2 promotes HCC cell migration and invasion by MMP9-mediated pathway, and potentially serves as a new prognostic biomarker and in therapeutic strategies for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, People's Hospital of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Changshan Huang
- Department of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
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37
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Lan ZJ, Hu Y, Zhang S, Li X, Zhou H, Ding J, Klinge CM, Radde BN, Cooney AJ, Zhang J, Lei Z. GGNBP2 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting estrogen receptor α activity in breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 158:263-76. [PMID: 27357812 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3880-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Gametogenetin-binding protein 2 (GGNBP2) is encoded in human chromosome 17q12-q23, a region known as a breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility locus. GGNBP2, also referred to ZFP403, has a single C2H2 zinc finger and a consensus LxxLL nuclear receptor-binding motif. Here, we demonstrate that GGNBP2 expression is reduced in primary human breast tumors and in breast cancer cell lines, including T47D, MCF-7, LCC9, LY2, and MDA-MB-231 compared with normal, immortalized estrogen receptor α (ERα) negative MCF-10A and MCF10F breast epithelial cells. Overexpression of GGNBP2 inhibits the proliferation of T47D and MCF-7 ERα positive breast cancer cells without affecting MCF-10A and MCF10F. Stable GGNBP2 overexpression in T47D cells inhibits 17β-estradiol (E2)-stimulated proliferation as well as migration, invasion, anchorage-independent growth in vitro, and xenograft tumor growth in mice. We further demonstrate that GGNBP2 protein physically interacts with ERα, inhibits E2-induced activation of estrogen response element-driven reporter activity, and attenuates ER target gene expression in T47D cells. In summary, our in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that GGNBP2 is a novel breast cancer tumor suppressor functioning as a nuclear receptor corepressor to inhibit ERα activity and tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jian Lan
- Division of Life Sciences, Center for Nutrigenomics & Applied Animal Nutrition, Alltech Inc., Nicholasville, KY, 40356, USA
| | - YunHui Hu
- The 3rd Department of Breast Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, 500 South Preston Street, Hu-Xi District, 300060, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- The 3rd Department of Breast Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, 500 South Preston Street, Hu-Xi District, 300060, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xian Li
- Department of OB/GYN & Women's Health, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, 500 South Preston Street, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Huaxin Zhou
- Birth Defects Center, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Craniofacial Biology, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Jixiang Ding
- Birth Defects Center, Department of Molecular, Cellular and Craniofacial Biology, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Brandie N Radde
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Austin J Cooney
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- The 3rd Department of Breast Cancer, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute & Hospital, 500 South Preston Street, Hu-Xi District, 300060, Tianjin, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhenmin Lei
- Department of OB/GYN & Women's Health, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, 500 South Preston Street, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA.
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38
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Słowik A, Frączek PA, Krzemieniecki K. Body mass index and aromatase inhibitors: a step forward in individualizing therapy for breast cancer patients? Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2016; 16:759-66. [PMID: 27196669 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2016.1191949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Progress made in breast cancer management along with treatment-related symptoms has drawn a lot of attention from both scientists and clinicians. Establishing predictive factors for treatment response facilitate tailoring of therapy to each individual patient and leads to a reduction in unnecessary treatments. Body mass index is confirmed to be a risk factor for breast cancer development as well as for disease recurrence, which additionally negatively influence the overall survival. Due to the increased level of fatty tissue in obese and overweight patients, their total level of body aromatase is elevated. This lead to the hypothesis about a worse response to aromatase inhibitors in these groups as compared to normal weight patients, due to incomplete aromatase blockage and thus higher peripheral androgen aromatization. AREAS COVERED This review aims to summarize the data from clinical trials assessing the effect of BMI on response to AI-based therapy in the setting of breast cancer. Expert commentary: Our conclusion made on the data available to date does not exclude BMI from the list of potential predictive factors however further research in this area is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Słowik
- a Department of Oncology , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krakow , Poland
| | - Paulina A Frączek
- a Department of Oncology , Jagiellonian University Medical College , Krakow , Poland
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