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Hoffmann A, Steffens U, Maček B, Franz-Wachtel M, Nieselt K, Harbig TA, Scherlach K, Hertweck C, Sahl HG, Bierbaum G. The unusual mode of action of the polyketide glycoside antibiotic cervimycin C. mSphere 2024; 9:e0076423. [PMID: 38722162 PMCID: PMC11237698 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00764-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Cervimycins A-D are bis-glycosylated polyketide antibiotics produced by Streptomyces tendae HKI 0179 with bactericidal activity against Gram-positive bacteria. In this study, cervimycin C (CmC) treatment caused a spaghetti-like phenotype in Bacillus subtilis 168, with elongated curved cells, which stayed joined after cell division, and exhibited a chromosome segregation defect, resulting in ghost cells without DNA. Electron microscopy of CmC-treated Staphylococcus aureus (3 × MIC) revealed swollen cells, misshapen septa, cell wall thickening, and a rough cell wall surface. Incorporation tests in B. subtilis indicated an effect on DNA biosynthesis at high cervimycin concentrations. Indeed, artificial downregulation of the DNA gyrase subunit B gene (gyrB) increased the activity of cervimycin in agar diffusion tests, and, in high concentrations (starting at 62.5 × MIC), the antibiotic inhibited S. aureus DNA gyrase supercoiling activity in vitro. To obtain a more global view on the mode of action of CmC, transcriptomics and proteomics of cervimycin treated versus untreated S. aureus cells were performed. Interestingly, 3 × MIC of cervimycin did not induce characteristic responses, which would indicate disturbance of the DNA gyrase activity in vivo. Instead, cervimycin induced the expression of the CtsR/HrcA heat shock operon and the expression of autolysins, exhibiting similarity to the ribosome-targeting antibiotic gentamicin. In summary, we identified the DNA gyrase as a target, but at low concentrations, electron microscopy and omics data revealed a more complex mode of action of cervimycin, which comprised induction of the heat shock response, indicating protein stress in the cell.IMPORTANCEAntibiotic resistance of Gram-positive bacteria is an emerging problem in modern medicine, and new antibiotics with novel modes of action are urgently needed. Secondary metabolites from Streptomyces species are an important source of antibiotics, like the cervimycin complex produced by Streptomyces tendae HKI 0179. The phenotypic response of Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus toward cervimycin C indicated a chromosome segregation and septum formation defect. This effect was at first attributed to an interaction between cervimycin C and the DNA gyrase. However, omics data of cervimycin treated versus untreated S. aureus cells indicated a different mode of action, because the stress response did not include the SOS response but resembled the response toward antibiotics that induce mistranslation or premature chain termination and cause protein stress. In summary, these results point toward a possibly novel mechanism that generates protein stress in the cells and subsequently leads to defects in cell and chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Hoffmann
- University Hospital Bonn, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ursula Steffens
- University Hospital Bonn, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Boris Maček
- University of Tübingen, Proteome Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Kay Nieselt
- University of Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Theresa Anisja Harbig
- University of Tübingen, Interfaculty Institute for Bioinformatics and Medical Informatics, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Kirstin Scherlach
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
| | - Christian Hertweck
- Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology-Hans Knöll Institute (HKI), Jena, Germany
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Jena, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Sahl
- University of Bonn, Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele Bierbaum
- University Hospital Bonn, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Bonn, Germany
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Leitão AC, Ferreira TL, Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá L, Rodrigues DS, de Souza BO, Barbosa AD, Moreira LEA, de Andrade Neto JB, Cabral VPDF, Rios MEF, Cavalcanti BC, Silva J, Marinho ES, Dos Santos HS, de Moraes MO, Júnior HVN, da Silva CR. Antibacterial activity of menadione alone and in combination with oxacillin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its impact on biofilms. J Med Microbiol 2023; 72. [PMID: 37707372 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Antibiotic resistance is a major threat to public health, particularly with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) being a leading cause of antimicrobial resistance. To combat this problem, drug repurposing offers a promising solution for the discovery of new antibacterial agents.Hypothesis. Menadione exhibits antibacterial activity against methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant S. aureus strains, both alone and in combination with oxacillin. Its primary mechanism of action involves inducing oxidative stress.Methodology. Sensitivity assays were performed using broth microdilution. The interaction between menadione, oxacillin, and antioxidants was assessed using checkerboard technique. Mechanism of action was evaluated using flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and in silico analysis.Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial potential of menadione against planktonic and biofilm forms of methicillin-sensitive and resistant S. aureus strains. It also examined its role as a modulator of oxacillin activity and investigated the mechanism of action involved in its activity.Results. Menadione showed antibacterial activity against planktonic cells at concentrations ranging from 2 to 32 µg ml-1, with bacteriostatic action. When combined with oxacillin, it exhibited an additive and synergistic effect against the tested strains. Menadione also demonstrated antibiofilm activity at subinhibitory concentrations and effectively combated biofilms with reduced sensitivity to oxacillin alone. Its mechanism of action involves the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and DNA damage. It also showed interactions with important targets, such as DNA gyrase and dehydroesqualene synthase. The presence of ascorbic acid reversed its effects.Conclusion. Menadione exhibited antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against MRSA strains, suggesting its potential as an adjunct in the treatment of S. aureus infections. The main mechanism of action involves the production of ROS, which subsequently leads to DNA damage. Additionally, the activity of menadione can be complemented by its interaction with important virulence targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Cavalcante Leitão
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Thais Lima Ferreira
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lívia Gurgel do Amaral Valente Sá
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Christus University Center, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Daniel Sampaio Rodrigues
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Oliveira de Souza
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Amanda Dias Barbosa
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Lara Elloyse Almeida Moreira
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Vitória Pessoa de Farias Cabral
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Jacilene Silva
- Department of Chemistry, Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Group (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - Emmanuel Silva Marinho
- Department of Chemistry, Theoretical Chemistry and Electrochemistry Group (GQTE), State University of Ceará, Limoeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil
| | - Hélcio Silva Dos Santos
- Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Acaraú Valley State University, Sobral, CE, Brazil
| | | | - Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | - Cecília Rocha da Silva
- Department of Clinical & Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmacy, Laboratory for Bioprospection of Antimicrobial Molecules (LABIMAN), Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
- Drug Research & Development Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Qun T, Zhou T, Hao J, Wang C, Zhang K, Xu J, Wang X, Zhou W. Antibacterial activities of anthraquinones: structure-activity relationships and action mechanisms. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:1446-1471. [PMID: 37593578 PMCID: PMC10429894 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00116d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
With the increasing prevalence of untreatable infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the discovery of new drugs from natural products has become a hot research topic. The antibacterial activity of anthraquinones widely distributed in traditional Chinese medicine has attracted much attention. Herein, the structure and activity relationships (SARs) of anthraquinones as bacteriostatic agents are reviewed and elucidated. The substituents of anthraquinone and its derivatives are closely related to their antibacterial activities. The stronger the polarity of anthraquinone substituents is, the more potent the antibacterial effects appear. The presence of hydroxyl groups is not necessary for the antibacterial activity of hydroxyanthraquinone derivatives. Substitution of di-isopentenyl groups can improve the antibacterial activity of anthraquinone derivatives. The rigid plane structure of anthraquinone lowers its water solubility and results in the reduced activity. Meanwhile, the antibacterial mechanisms of anthraquinone and its analogs are explored, mainly including biofilm formation inhibition, destruction of the cell wall, endotoxin inhibition, inhibition of nucleic acid and protein synthesis, and blockage of energy metabolism and other substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tang Qun
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 200241 Shanghai China
| | - Tiantian Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University 440113 Guangzhou China
| | - Jiongkai Hao
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 200241 Shanghai China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 200241 Shanghai China
- Key laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Keyu Zhang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 200241 Shanghai China
- Key laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Jing Xu
- Huanghua Agricultural and Rural Development Bureau Bohai New Area 061100 Hebei China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 200241 Shanghai China
- Key laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai 200241 China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences 200241 Shanghai China
- Key laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Shanghai Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai 200241 China
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Tan HY, Liang FM, Zhang WJ, Zhang Y, Cui JH, Dai YY, Qiu XM, Wang WH, Zhou Y, Chen DP, Li CP. Novel 2-Amino-1,4-Naphthoquinone Derivatives Induce A549 Cell Death through Autophagy. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083289. [PMID: 37110525 PMCID: PMC10143525 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives containing were synthesized as anti-cancer agents and the crystal structure of compound 5a was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. In addition, the inhibitory activities against four cancer cell lines (HepG2, A549, K562, and PC-3) were tested, respectively, and compound 5i showed significant cytotoxicity on the A549 cell line with the IC50 of 6.15 μM. Surprisingly, in the following preliminary biological experiments, we found that compound 5i induced autophagy by promoting the recycling of EGFR and signal transduction in the A549 cell, resulting in the activation of the EGFR signal pathway. The potential binding pattern between compound 5i and EGFR tyrosine kinase (PDB ID: 1M17) was also identified by molecular docking. Our research paves the way for further studies and the development of novel and powerful anti-cancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Yuan Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Feng-Ming Liang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wen-Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jun-Hao Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yu-Yu Dai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xue-Mei Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wen-Hang Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yue Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Drugs, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Dan-Ping Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Drugs, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Cheng-Peng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Guizhou Engineering Laboratory for Synthetic Drugs, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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5
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Wan Y, Wang X, Yang L, Li Q, Zheng X, Bai T, Wang X. Antibacterial Activity of Juglone Revealed in a Wound Model of Staphylococcus aureus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043931. [PMID: 36835350 PMCID: PMC9963570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A serious problem currently facing the field of wound healing is bacterial infection, especially Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) infection. Although the application of antibiotics has achieved good effects, their irregular use has resulted in the emergence of drug-resistant strains. It is thus the purpose of this study to analyze whether the naturally extracted phenolic compound, juglone, can inhibit S. aureus in wound infection. The results show that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of juglone against S. aureus was 1000 μg/mL. Juglone inhibited the growth of S. aureus by inhibiting membrane integrity and causing protein leakage. At sub-inhibitory concentrations, juglone inhibited biofilm formation, the expression of α-hemolysin, the hemolytic activity, and the production of proteases and lipases of S. aureus. When applied to infected wounds in Kunming mice, juglone (50 μL juglone with a concentration of 1000 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the number of S. aureus and had a significant inhibitory effect on the expression of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β). Moreover, the juglone-treated group promoted wound healing. At the same time, in animal toxicity experiments, juglone had no obvious toxic effects on the main tissues and organs of mice, indicating that juglone has good biocompatibility and has the potential to be used in the treatment of wounds infected with S. aureus.
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6
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Dipten L, Amenti, Rajkrishna M. Molecular docking analysis of juglone with parvulin-type PPiase PrsA from Staphylococcus aureus. Bioinformation 2023; 19:48-52. [PMID: 37720298 PMCID: PMC10504509 DOI: 10.6026/97320630019048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an opportunistic pathogen that causes variety of infections range from mild skin diseases to life-threatening sepsis. It is also notorious for acquiring resistance to numerous antibiotics. Parvulin-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPiase) domain containing PrsA protein is considered as an essential folding factor for secreted proteins of Gram-positive bacteria. Therefore, it is considered as a potential target for anti-staphylococcal drug discovery. Juglone, plant-derived 1,4-naphthoquinone, shows confirmed antitumor and antibacterial activities. Destruction of bacterial biofilm, inhibition of enzyme expression, degradation of nucleic acids, and other pathways are likely the major possible mechanisms for Staphylococcus aureus inactivation by juglone. Selective inhibition of parvulin type PPiase by juglone has been proven biochemically. However, detail structural information of parvulin-juglone interaction and mechanism of enzymatic inhibition till unexplored. Past hypothesis on inactivation of parvulin type PPiase due to covalent attachment of juglone molecules to its cysteine residues is not acceptable for the S. aureus PrsA parvulin domain as that lacks cysteine. Docking studies showed that juglone binds to the active site residues of S. aureus PrsA parvulin domain involved in enzymatic reaction. Active site conserved histidine residue of parvulin may be involved in juglone interaction as it was found to be the common interactive residue in majority of docking complexes. Data shows Juglone possibly inhibits parvulin type PPiase through competitive inhibition mechanism. Subtle differences of juglone interactions with other orthologous parvulin domains will help to develop semisynthetic drug with higher specificity against S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laskar Dipten
- Department of Biotechnology, Nagaland University, Dimapur, Nagaland-797112, India
| | - Amenti
- Department of Biotechnology, Nagaland University, Dimapur, Nagaland-797112, India
| | - Mondal Rajkrishna
- Department of Biotechnology, Nagaland University, Dimapur, Nagaland-797112, India
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Mone NS, Syed S, Ravichandiran P, Satpute SK, Kim AR, Yoo DJ. How Structure-Function Relationships of 1,4-Naphthoquinones Combat Antimicrobial Resistance in Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) Pathogens. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202200471. [PMID: 36316281 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202200471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the top ten health-related threats worldwide. Among several antimicrobial agents, naphthoquinones (NQs) of plant/chemical origin possess enormous structural and functional diversity and are effective against multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens. 1,4-NQs possess alkyl, hydroxyl, halide, and metal groups as side chains on their double-ring structure, predominantly at the C-2, C-3, C-5, and C-8 positions. Among 1,4-NQs, hydroxyl groups at either C-2 or C-5 exhibit significant antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp. (ESKAPE) and MDR categories. 1,4-NQs exhibit antibacterial activities like plasmids curing, reactive oxygen species generation, efflux pumps inhibition, anti-DNA gyrase activity, membrane permeabilization, and biofilm inhibition. This review emphasizes the structure-function relationships of 1,4-NQs against ESKAPE and MDR pathogens based on a literature review of studies published in the last 15 years. Overall, 1,4-NQs have great potential for counteracting the antimicrobial resistance of MDR pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishigandha S Mone
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sahil Syed
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Palanisamy Ravichandiran
- R&D Education Center for Whole Life Cycle R&D of Fuel Cell Systems, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering (BK21 FOUR) of Graduate School, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Present address: Analytical, HP Green R&D Centre, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited, KIADB Industrial Area, Devangundi, Hoskote, Bengaluru, 562114, Karnataka, India
| | - Surekha K Satpute
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411007, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ae Rhan Kim
- Department of Life Science, Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering (BK21 FOUR) of Graduate School, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Jin Yoo
- R&D Education Center for Whole Life Cycle R&D of Fuel Cell Systems, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea.,Department of Life Science, Department of Energy Storage/Conversion Engineering (BK21 FOUR) of Graduate School, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Research Center, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do, 54896, Republic of Korea
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8
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Wang W, Chang CT, Zhang Q. 1,4‐Naphthoquinone Analogs and Their Application as Antibacterial Agents. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weiding Wang
- Department of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University No. 111 Ren Ai Road Suzhou 215123 China
| | - Cheng‐Wei Tom Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Utah State University, 0300 Old Main Hill Logan Utah 84322-0300 United States
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University No. 111 Ren Ai Road Suzhou 215123 China
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Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activity of Juglone Derivatives against Enterococcus faecalis: An In Silico and In Vitro Approach. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:6197375. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/6197375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis is a Gram-positive bacterium that is normally found in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and animals. E. faecalis is an opportunistic pathogen that causes a number of invasive and noninvasive infections. The emergence of multidrug resistance and biofilm formation by the bacterium have rendered the treatment of E. faecalis infections very difficult. Due its high rate of resistance and biofilm formation, there are very few options of treatment. Therefore, the current study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial and biofilm activities of juglone derivatives such as 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone and 2-ethoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone against multidrug-resistant (MDR) and biofilm-producing strains of E. faecalis. Agar well diffusion and broth microdilution methods were used to determine the antibacterial activities. Biofilm attachment and preformed biofilm inhibition were determined using crystal violet staining assay. Both juglone derivatives displayed promising antibacterial and antibiofilm activities against E. faecalis. Among these compounds, 2-ethoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone possessed better inhibitory activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of
as compared to 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone (MIC,
). Additionally, 2-ethoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone also showed stronger antibiofilm activity than 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone. Furthermore, both the ligand molecules were docked into the binding site of the enterococcal surface protein, and the results revealed that both the molecules are actively binding in the target site. Based on these findings, juglone derivatives may be considered useful for the treatment of E. faecalis infections; however, further studies are required to elucidate the mechanism of action.
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Liu Z, Shen Z, Xiang S, Sun Y, Cui J, Jia J. Evaluation of 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives as antibacterial agents: activity and mechanistic studies. FRONTIERS OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2022; 17:31. [PMID: 36313056 PMCID: PMC9589524 DOI: 10.1007/s11783-023-1631-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The diverse and large-scale application of disinfectants posed potential health risks and caused ecological damage during the 2019-nCoV pandemic, thereby increasing the demands for the development of disinfectants based on natural products, with low health risks and low aquatic toxicity. In the present study, a few natural naphthoquinones and their derivatives bearing the 1,4-naphthoquinone skeleton were synthesized, and their antibacterial activity against selected bacterial strains was evaluated. In vitro antibacterial activities of the compounds were investigated against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Under the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ⩽ 0.125 µmol/L for juglone (1a), 5,8-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (1f), and 7-methyl-5-acetoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (3c), a strong antibacterial activity against S. aureus was observed. All 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives exhibited a strong antibacterial activity, with MIC values ranging between 15.625 and 500 µmol/L and EC50 values ranging between 10.56 and 248.42 µmol/L. Most of the synthesized compounds exhibited strong antibacterial activities against S. aureus. Among these compounds, juglone (1a) showed the strongest antibacterial activity. The results from mechanistic investigations indicated that juglone, a natural naphthoquinone, caused cell death by inducing reactive oxygen species production in bacterial cells, leading to DNA damage. In addition, juglone could reduce the self-repair ability of bacterial DNA by inhibiting RecA expression. In addition to having a potent antibacterial activity, juglone exhibited low cytotoxicity in cell-based investigations. In conclusion, juglone is a strong antibacterial agent with low toxicity, indicating that its application as a bactericidal agent may be associated with low health risks and aquatic toxicity. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL Supplementary material is available in the online version of this article at 10.1007/s11783-023-1631-2 and is accessible for authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhuo Liu
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Zhemin Shen
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Shouyan Xiang
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Yang Sun
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Jiahua Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
| | - Jinping Jia
- School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240 China
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11
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Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Potency of Menadione Against Multidrug-Resistant S. aureus. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:282. [PMID: 35934752 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02975-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Menadione is an analogue of 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NQ) that possesses enormous pharmaceutical potential. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of menadione was determined against eighteen pathogens of the ESKAPE category, including thirteen multidrug-resistant (MDR) and five standard strains. From a total of eighteen pathogens, five strains of S. aureus (four: MDR and one: Standard strain) were considered further for detailed studies. This study included the determination of minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), time-kill assay, scanning electron microscopic technique (SEM), and detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Additionally, the effect of menadione on biofilms of three strains of S. aureus was performed through crystal violet assay, SEM, and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Menadione exerted substantial antibacterial activity against S. aureus (S8, S9, NCIM 5021) at a lower MIC (64 µg/mL). Whereas, the MIC of 256 µg/mL was displayed against J2 and J4 (MDR and biofilm-forming strains). The time-killing effect of menadione against S. aureus strains was observed after 9 h at MBCs of 64 µg/mL (NCIM 5021), 128 µg/mL (S8, S9), and 512 µg/mL (J2, J4). Enhanced levels of ROS in all five S. aureus were observed in presence of menadione (MICs and MBCs). The relation of enhanced ROS due to menadione activity invigorated us to explore its effect on S. aureus biofilms. We report menadione-mediated inhibition (> 90%) of biofilm formation (at respective MICs) and effect on preformed biofilms (> 85%) at 1024 µg/mL. Menadione possessing antibacterial and antibiofilm potentials are imperative in the era of multidrug resistance developed by bacterial pathogens.
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12
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Gohil D, Panigrahi GC, Gupta SK, Gandhi KA, Gera P, Chavan P, Sharma D, Sandur S, Gota V. Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity assessment of 5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone in mice. Drug Chem Toxicol 2022; 46:1-14. [PMID: 35899689 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2104306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (5NQ) or juglone is a bioactive molecule found in walnuts and has shown therapeutic effects in various disease models. Limited information is available regarding the toxicity of 5NQ, thereby limiting the clinical development of this drug. In the present study, oral acute (50, 300 and 2000 mg/kg) and sub-acute toxicity (5, 15 and 50 mg/kg) was assessed in mice to evaluate the safety of 5NQ. The acute toxicity study identified 118 mg/kg as the point-of-departure dose (POD) for single oral administration of 5NQ using benchmark dose modeling (BMD). Repeated administration of 5NQ at doses of 15 and 50 mg/kg/day caused reduction in food consumption and body weight of mice along with alterations in liver and renal function. Histopathological assessment revealed significant damage to hepatic and renal tissues at all doses in the acute toxicity study, and at higher doses of 15 and 50 mg/kg in the sub-acute toxicity study. We observed dose dependent mortality in sub-acute toxicity study and the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) was established as < 5 mg/kg/day. Modeling the survival response in sub-acute toxicity study identified 1.74 mg/kg/day as the POD for repeated administration of 5NQ. Serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were most sensitive to 5NQ administration with a lower limit of BMD interval (BMDL) of 1.1 × 10-3 mg/kg/day. The benchmark doses reported in the study can be further used to determine a reference dose of 5NQ for human risk assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dievya Gohil
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India, Mumbai, India
| | - Girish Ch Panigrahi
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India, Mumbai, India
| | - Saurabh Kumar Gupta
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India, Mumbai, India
| | - Khushboo A Gandhi
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Poonam Gera
- ICGC Lab, ACTERC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Biorepository, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Preeti Chavan
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Deepak Sharma
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India, Mumbai, India
- Radiation Biology & Health Science Division, Bio-science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Santosh Sandur
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India, Mumbai, India
- Radiation Biology & Health Science Division, Bio-science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Vikram Gota
- Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, India, Mumbai, India
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13
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Molecular biological mechanism of action in cancer therapies: Juglone and its derivatives, the future of development. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112785. [PMID: 35272138 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Juglone (5 - hydroxy - 1, 4 - naphthalene diketone) is a kind of natural naphthoquinone, present in the roots, leaves, nut-hulls, bark and wood of walnut trees. Recent studies have found that Juglone has special significance in the treatment of cancer, which plays a significant role in the resistance of cancer cell proliferation, induction of cancer cell apoptosis, induction of autophagy, anti-angiogenesis and inhibition of cancer cell migration and invasion, etc. Additionally, its derivatives also play a tumor suppressive effect. In conclusion, Juglone and its derivatives have been identified as effective anticancer drugs. This paper reviews action mechanisms of Juglone and its derivatives in cancer treatment.
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14
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Proteomic analysis of Aspergillus flavus reveals the antifungal action of Perilla frutescens essential oil by interfering with energy metabolism and defense function. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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15
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Duvauchelle V, Majdi C, Bénimélis D, Dunyach-Remy C, Meffre P, Benfodda Z. Synthesis, Structure Elucidation, Antibacterial Activities, and Synergistic Effects of Novel Juglone and Naphthazarin Derivatives Against Clinical Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains. Front Chem 2021; 9:773981. [PMID: 34869221 PMCID: PMC8640087 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.773981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections caused by drug-resistant bacteria are a serious threat to human and global public health. Moreover, in recent years, very few antibiotics have been discovered and developed by pharmaceutical companies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover and develop new antibacterial agents to combat multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study, two novel series of juglone/naphthazarin derivatives (43 compounds) were synthesized and evaluated for their antibacterial properties against various clinical and reference Gram-positive MSSA, clinical Gram-positive MRSA, and clinical and reference Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and P. aeruginosa. These strains are of clinical importance because they belong to ESKAPE pathogens. Compounds 3al, 5ag, and 3bg showed promising activity against clinical and reference MSSA (MIC: 1-8 µg/ml) and good efficacy against clinical MRSA (MIC: 2-8 µg/ml) strains. 5am and 3bm demonstrated better activity on both MSSA (MIC: 0.5 µg/ml) and MRSA (MIC: 2 µg/ml) strains. Their MICs were similar to those of cloxacillin against clinical MRSA strains. The synergistic effects of active compounds 3al, 5ag, 5am, 3bg, and 3bm were evaluated with reference antibiotics, and it was found that the antibiotic combination with 3bm efficiently enhanced the antimicrobial activity. Compound 3bm was found to restore the sensitivity of clinical MRSA to cloxacillin and enhanced the antibacterial activity of vancomycin when they were added together. In the presence of 3bm, the MIC values of vancomycin and cloxacillin were lowered up to 1/16th of the original MIC with an FIC index of 0.313. Moreover, compounds 3al, 5ag, 5am, 3bg, and 3bm did not present hemolytic activity on sheep red blood cells. In silico prediction of ADME profile parameter results for 3bm is promising and encouraging for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Catherine Dunyach-Remy
- VBIC, INSERM U1047, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, Université de Montpellier, CHU Nîmes, Nîmes, France
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16
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Wang J, Lei Y, Yu Y, Yin L, Zhang Y. Use of Acetic Acid to Partially Replace Lactic Acid for Decontamination against Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Fresh Produce and Mechanism of Action. Foods 2021; 10:2406. [PMID: 34681456 PMCID: PMC8535275 DOI: 10.3390/foods10102406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is frequently detected in ready-to-eat produce and causes serious food-borne diseases. The decontamination efficacy of lactic acid (LA) is clearly established. In this study, LA was mixed with acetic acid (AA) to reduce costs while achieving consistent or better inhibitory effects. Time-kill curves and inoculation experiments using fresh-cut spinach and arugula indicated that 0.8%LA+0.2%AA shows similar antibacterial effects to those of 1%LA. To determine whether 1%LA and 0.8%LA+0.2%AA exert antibacterial effects by similar mechanisms, proteomics analysis was used. The proteins related to macromolecule localization, cellular localization, and protein unfolding were uniquely altered after the treatment with 1%LA, and the proteins related to taxis, response to stress, catabolic process, and the regulation of molecular function were uniquely altered after the treatment with 0.8%LA+0.2%AA. Based on these findings, combined with the results of a network clustering analysis, we speculate that cell membrane damage is greater in response to LA than to 0.8%LA+0.2%AA. This prediction was supported by cell membrane permeability experiments (analyses of protein, nucleotide, ATP, and alkaline phosphatase leakage), which showed that LA causes greater membrane damage than 0.8%LA+0.2%AA. These results provide a theoretical basis for the application of an acid mixture to replace LA for produce decontamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Wang
- College of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China; (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yue Lei
- Institute of Rice Research, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural, Guiyang 550009, China;
| | - Yougui Yu
- College of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China; (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Lebin Yin
- College of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China; (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yangyang Zhang
- College of Food and Chemical Engineering, Shaoyang University, Shaoyang 422000, China; (Y.Y.); (L.Y.); (Y.Z.)
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17
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Multifunctional Therapeutic Potential of Phytocomplexes and Natural Extracts for Antimicrobial Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:antibiotics10091076. [PMID: 34572660 PMCID: PMC8468069 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10091076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural products have been known for their antimicrobial factors since time immemorial. Infectious diseases are a worldwide burden that have been deteriorating because of the improvement of species impervious to various anti-infection agents. Hence, the distinguishing proof of antimicrobial specialists with high-power dynamic against MDR microorganisms is central to conquer this issue. Successful treatment of infection involves the improvement of new drugs or some common source of novel medications. Numerous naturally occurring antimicrobial agents can be of plant origin, animal origin, microbial origin, etc. Many plant and animal products have antimicrobial activities due to various active principles, secondary metabolites, or phytochemicals like alkaloids, tannins, terpenoids, essential oils, flavonoids, lectins, phagocytic cells, and many other organic constituents. Phytocomplexes’ antimicrobial movement frequently results from a few particles acting in cooperative energy, and the clinical impacts might be because of the direct effects against microorganisms. The restorative plants that may furnish novel medication lead the antimicrobial movement. The purpose of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial properties of the phytocomplexes and natural extracts of the plants that are ordinarily being utilized as conventional medications and then recommended the chance of utilizing them in drugs for the treatment of multiple drug-resistant disease.
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18
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Khalil AAK, Qazi AS, Nasir A, Ahn MJ, Shah MA, Ahmad MS, Sajjad W, Ali T, Naeem M, Shah FA, Khan MTA, Romman M, Shahfiq Ur Rehman, Haider A, Noor R. 2-Methoxy-6-Acetyl-7-Methyljuglone: A Bioactive Phytochemical with Potential Pharmacological Activities. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:687-693. [PMID: 34165415 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210623095636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural products have been the focus of biomedical and pharmaceutical research to develop new therapies in recent years. 2-methoxy-6-acetyl-7-methyljuglone (2-methoxystypandrone, MAM), a natural bioactive juglone derivative, is known to have various levels of pharmacotherapeutic efficacies as an anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-HIV activity. MAM fights cancer progression by inducing apoptosis, necroptosis, and deregulating signaling pathways through H2O2-induced JNK/iNOS/NO and MAPK, ERK1/2 pathways, JNK activation, and the RIP1/RIP3 complex. In this review, we summarize the pharmacological importance of MAM in the field of drug discovery. Furthermore, this review not only emphasizes the medicinal properties of MAM but also discusses its potential efficacy in future medicinal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atif Ali Khan Khalil
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Asma Saleem Qazi
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Nasir
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Mi-Jeong Ahn
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Muhammad Ajmal Shah
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine; University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6. Canada
| | - Muhammad Saad Ahmad
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Tahir Ali
- Department of Comparative Biology and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine; University of Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4Z6. Canada
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Fawad Ali Shah
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Romman
- Department of Botany, University of Chitral, Chitral, Pakistan
| | - Shahfiq Ur Rehman
- Department of Rehabilitation, North West Institute of Health Sciences, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Haider
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Raishma Noor
- Department of Chemistry, Islamia College University, Peshawar, Pakistan
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19
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Naphthoquinones and Their Derivatives: Emerging Trends in Combating Microbial Pathogens. COATINGS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/coatings11040434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the current era, an ever-emerging threat of multidrug-resistant (MDR) pathogens pose serious health challenges to mankind. Researchers are uninterruptedly putting their efforts to design and develop alternative, innovative strategies to tackle the antibiotic resistance displayed by varied pathogens. Among several naturally derived and chemically synthesized compounds, quinones have achieved a distinct position to defeat microbial pathogens. This review unleashes the structural diversity and promising biological activities of naphthoquinones (NQs) and their derivatives documented in the past two decades. Further, realizing their functional potentialities, researchers were encouraged to approach NQs as lead molecules. We have retrieved information that is dedicated on biological applications (antibacterial, antifungal, antiparasitic) of NQs. The multiple roles of NQs offer them a promising armory to combat microbial pathogens including MDR and the ESKAPE (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter spp.) group. In bacteria, NQs may exhibit their function in the following ways (1) plasmid curing, (2) inhibiting efflux pumps (EPs), (3) generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), (4) the inhibition of topoisomerase activity. Sparse but meticulous literature suggests the mechanistic roles of NQs. We have highlighted the possible mechanisms of NQs and how the targeted drug synthesis can be achieved via molecular docking analysis. This bioinformatics-oriented approach will explicitly lead to the development of effective and most potent drugs against targeted pathogens. The mechanistic approaches of emerging molecules like NQs might prove a milestone to defeat the battle against microbial pathogens.
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20
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Understanding the Mechanism of Formation of a Response to Juglone for Intact and Immobilized Bacterial Cells as Recognition Elements of Microbial Sensors: Processes Causing the Biosensor Response. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11020056. [PMID: 33669923 PMCID: PMC7924839 DOI: 10.3390/bios11020056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Microbial reactor sensors (based on freshly harvested intact microbial cells) or microbial membrane sensors (based on immobilized microbial cells) can be used as convenient instruments for studying processes that cause the response of a biosensor, such as the properties of enzymes or the characteristics of metabolism. However, the mechanisms of the formation of biosensors responses have not yet been fully understood to study only one of these processes. In this work, the results of studies on the formation of a response to juglone for intact and immobilized bacterial cells used as receptors are presented. It was shown that the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to the formation of the biosensor response depends on the culture receptor and the form of juglone, quinone, or phenolate used. The response to the quinone form of juglone both for intact and immobilized cells of catalase-positive actinobacterium is formed regardless of the presence of ROS. The response of freshly harvested intact actinobacterial cells was caused by the rate of the enzymatic conversion of juglone. The rate of the response of immobilized actinobacterial cells was influenced by the activity of transport systems and metabolism. The response of immobilized pseudomonad cells was caused by the transport of juglone into cells, the inhibitory effect of juglone-induced ROS, and juglone metabolism.
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21
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Zhao L, Zhao Y, Wei J, Liu Z, Li C, Kang W. Antibacterial Mechanism of Dihydrotanshinone I. Nat Prod Commun 2021. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x21996158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The antimicrobial activity and the underlying action mechanisms of dihydrotanshinone I against Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, extended-spectrum beta-lactamases Staphylococcus aureus were investigated with Kleihauer-Betke (K-B) test. The antibacterial mechanisms of dihydrotanshinone I were investigated by monitoring the changes in electric conductivity, concentration of AKP, protein content, and patterns of protein electrophoretic bands in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The antibacterial rings showed that antimicrobial activity of dihydrotanshinone I at 18 mM was stronger to Staphylococcus aureus than to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases Staphylococcus aureus. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and IC50 values showed that dihydrotanshinone I had the strongest inhibitory activity against S. aureus (MIC = 280 µM, IC50 = 874 ± 0.01 µM, respectively). Dihydrotanshinone I could increase the electric conductivity, concentration of alkaline phosphatase (AKP) and protein content. The patterns of protein bands in SDS-PAGE were changed obviously. Dihydrotanshinone I also significantly inhibited S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases S. aureus, indicating that dihydrotanshinone I can damage the structures of cell wall and cell membrane to increase permeability of cell membrane and release of cell components. Dihydrotanshinone I could influence the synthesis of bacterial protein, destroy the protein, or reject the anabolism or expression of the protein, and finally lead to the loss of normal physiological function of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of Rizhao, Shandong, China
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yingying Zhao
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Jinfeng Wei
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Changqin Li
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Food & Medicine Resource Function, Henan Province, Kaifeng, China
- Functional Food Engineering Technology Research Center, Henan Province, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wenyi Kang
- National R & D Center for Edible Fungus Processing Technology, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
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22
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Poikulainen E, Tienaho J, Sarjala T, Santala V. A panel of bioluminescent whole-cell bacterial biosensors for the screening for new antibacterial substances from natural extracts. J Microbiol Methods 2020; 178:106083. [PMID: 33068680 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2020.106083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Whole-cell bacterial biosensors can be applied for the screening of antibacterial properties of extracts. We constructed a biosensor panel consisting of four different bacterial biosensor strains: Escherichia, Staphylococcus, Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas for expanded screening potential. The functionality of the panel was first evaluated with known antibacterial compounds: ethanol, naphthoquinones (juglone, lawsone, plumbagin) and a flavonoid (quercetin). Natural extracts comprise a vast source of potential new antibacterials for diverse functional purposes. To demonstrate the utilization of the panel for screening of a demanding sample material, round-leaved sundew (Drosera rotundifolia) extracts were used as an example. Differences between field- and laboratory originating sundew extracts could be detected. This demonstrates the efficiency of the developed biosensor panel in the rapid screening of the antibacterial properties of plant extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmi Poikulainen
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta campus, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33720 Tampere, Finland.
| | - Jenni Tienaho
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta campus, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33720 Tampere, Finland; Natural Resources Institute Finland, Kaironiementie 15, 39700 Parkano, Finland
| | - Tytti Sarjala
- Natural Resources Institute Finland, Kaironiementie 15, 39700 Parkano, Finland
| | - Ville Santala
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Tampere University, Hervanta campus, Korkeakoulunkatu 8, 33720 Tampere, Finland
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23
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Combined treatment of nut by-product extracts and peracetic acid against Listeria monocytogenes on red mustard and kale leaves. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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24
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In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of crude and fractionated PHNQs from sea urchin (Evechinus chloroticus). Food Chem 2020; 316:126339. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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25
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Synthesis of new N,S-acetal analogs derived from juglone with cytotoxic activity against Trypanossoma cruzi. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2020; 52:199-213. [PMID: 32418003 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-020-09834-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A series of 11 new N,S-acetal juglone derivatives were synthesized and evaluated against T. cruzi epimastigote forms. These compounds were obtained in good to moderate yields using a microwave irradiation protocol. Among all compounds, two N,S-acetal analogs, showed significant trypanocidal activity. Notably, one compound 11g exhibited selectivity index 10-fold higher than the reference drug benznidazole for epimastigote. The compound 11h was more effective for amastigote forms. Both prototypes exhibited S.I. higher than the benznidazole description. Thus, both compounds proving to be useful candidate molecules to further studies in infected animals.
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26
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Antimicrobial Susceptibility and Antibacterial Mechanism of Limonene against Listeria monocytogenes. Molecules 2019; 25:molecules25010033. [PMID: 31861877 PMCID: PMC6982812 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25010033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Limonene is a monoterpenoid compound, which is founded in a lot of plants’ essential oils with good antibacterial activity against food-borne pathogens, but it has an ambiguous antimicrobial susceptibility and mechanism against Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes). In this study, the antimicrobial susceptibility of Limonene to L. monocytogenes was studied, and some new sights regarding its antibacterial mechanism were further explored. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) verified that limonene caused the destruction of the cell integrity and wall structure of L. monocytogenes. The increase in conductivity and the leakage of intracellular biomacromolecules (nucleic acids and proteins) confirmed that limonene had an obvious effect on cell membrane permeability. The results of Propidium Iodide (PI) fluorescence staining were consistent with the results of the conductivity measurements. This indicated that limonene treatment caused damage to the L. monocytogenes cell membrane. Furthermore, the decrease in ATP content, ATPase (Na+K+-ATPase, Ca2+-ATPase) activity and respiratory chain complex activity indicated that limonene could hinder ATP synthesis by inhibiting the activity of the respiratory complex and ATPase. Finally, differential expression of proteins in the respiratory chain confirmed that limonene affected respiration and energy metabolism by inhibiting the function of the respiratory chain complex.
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Zhang X, Li W, Sun X, Li J, Wu W, Liu H. Vitamin C protects against defects induced by juglone during porcine oocyte maturation. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:19574-19581. [PMID: 30980384 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Juglone, a naphthoquinone isolated from many species of the Juglandaceae family, has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries because of its antiviral, antibacterial, and antitumor activities. However, the toxicity of juglone has also been demonstrated. Here, we used porcine oocytes as a model to explore the effects of juglone on oocyte maturation and studied the impact of vitamin C (VC) administration on juglone exposure-induced meiosis defects. Exposure to juglone significantly restricted cumulus cell expansion and decreased the first polar body extrusion. In addition, juglone exposure disturbed spindle organization, actin assembly, and the distribution of mitochondria during oocyte meiosis, while the acetylation level of α-tubulin was also reduced. These defects were all ameliorated by VC administration. Our findings indicate that juglone exposure induced meiotic failure in porcine oocytes, while VC protected against these defects during porcine oocyte maturation by ameliorating the organization of the cytoskeleton and mitochondrial distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weijian Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofan Sun
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wangjun Wu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Honglin Liu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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Dandawate P, Padhye S, Schobert R, Biersack B. Discovery of natural products with metal-binding properties as promising antibacterial agents. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2019; 14:563-576. [PMID: 30905202 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2019.1593367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION More than 50% of the clinically established antibiotics are either genuine natural products or derivatives thereof, featuring a mode of action decisively depending on their metal affinity and suitability as metal complex ligands. As their structural diversity and harvest from renewable sources is well-nigh inexhaustible, any future quest for affordable new antibiotics will have to concentrate on natural drugs with obvious metal ligating properties. Areas covered: The authors provide an overview of the promising developments in the field of antibiotic natural products with metal-binding properties with a specific focus on metal binders such as polyphenols, quinones, 3-acyltetramic and -tetronic acids. Works published by the authors are discussed in this manuscript as well as articles derived from PubMed and Scifinder. Expert opinion: Natural products with metal-binding properties possess a great potential for the development of drugs against various bacteria. There are many derivatives with great potential against multidrug-resistant bacteria as well. Synthetic approaches to structurally complex and/or rare natural products have added significantly to the cracking of synthetic problems. Thus, this field of scientific research appears attractive both to chemists and to clinicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasad Dandawate
- a Postdoctoral Researcher, Department of Cancer Biology, School of Medicine , Kansas University Medical Center , Kansas , USA
| | - Subhash Padhye
- b University of Pune , Interdisciplinary Science and Technology Research Academy (ISTRA) , Pune , India
| | - Rainer Schobert
- c Organic Chemistry Laboratory , University of Bayreuth , Bayreuth , Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- c Organic Chemistry Laboratory , University of Bayreuth , Bayreuth , Germany
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Xu WT, Shen GN, Luo YH, Piao XJ, Wang JR, Wang H, Zhang Y, Li JQ, Feng YC, Zhang Y, Zhang T, Wang SN, Wang CY, Jin CH. New naphthalene derivatives induce human lung cancer A549 cell apoptosis via ROS-mediated MAPKs, Akt, and STAT3 signaling pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 304:148-157. [PMID: 30871965 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
1,4-Naphthoquinone compounds are a class of organic compounds derived from naphthalene. They exert a wide variety of biological effects, but when used as anticancer drugs, have varying levels of side effects. In the present study, in order to reduce toxicity and improve the antitumor activity, we synthesized two novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives, 2-(butane-1-sulfinyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone (BSQ) and 2-(octane-1-sulfinyl)-1,4-naphthoquinone (OSQ). We investigated the antitumor effects of BSQ and OSQ in human lung cancer cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms of these effects, focusing on the relationship between these compounds and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. MTT assay and trypan blue exclusion assay results showed that BSQ and OSQ had significant cytotoxic effects in human lung cancer cells. Flow cytometry results indicated that the number of apoptotic cells and the intracellular ROS levels significantly increased after treatment with BSQ and OSQ. However, cell apoptosis was inhibited by pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC). Western blotting results showed that BSQ and OSQ increased the expression levels of p-p38 kinase and p-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (p-JNK), and decreased the expression levels of p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), p-protein kinase B (p-Akt), and p-signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 (p-STAT3). These phenomena were blocked by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitors, Akt inhibitors and NAC. In conclusion, BSQ and OSQ induce human lung cancer A549 cell apoptosis by ROS-mediated MAPKs, Akt, and STAT3 signaling pathways. Therefore, BSQ and OSQ may be therapeutic potential agents for the treatment of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Ting Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Gui-Nan Shen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Ying-Hua Luo
- College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Xian-Ji Piao
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163316, China
| | - Jia-Ru Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Jin-Qian Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Yu-Chao Feng
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Tong Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Shi-Nong Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China
| | - Chang-Yuan Wang
- College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China.
| | - Cheng-Hao Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science & Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China; College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang, 163319, China.
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Quantitative Proteomics of Potato Leaves Infected with Phytophthora infestans Provides Insights into Coordinated and Altered Protein Expression during Early and Late Disease Stages. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20010136. [PMID: 30609684 PMCID: PMC6337297 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20010136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Revised: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to get a better understanding of protein association during Solanum tuberosum (cv. Sarpo Mira)–Phytophthora infestans incompatible interaction, we investigated the proteome dynamics of cv. Sarpo Mira, after foliar application of zoospore suspension from P. infestans isolate, at three key time-points: zero hours post inoculation (hpi) (Control), 48 hpi (EI), and 120 hpi (LI); divided into early and late disease stages by the tandem mass tagging (TMT) method. A total of 1229 differentially-expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in cv. Sarpo Mira in a pairwise comparison of the two disease stages, including commonly shared DEPs, specific DEPs in early and late disease stages, respectively. Over 80% of the changes in protein abundance were up-regulated in the early stages of infection, whereas more DEPs (61%) were down-regulated in the later disease stage. Expression patterns, functional category, and enrichment tests highlighted significant coordination and enrichment of cell wall-associated defense response proteins during the early stage of infection. The late stage was characterized by a cellular protein modification process, membrane protein complex formation, and cell death induction. These results, together with phenotypic observations, provide further insight into the molecular mechanism of P. infestans resistance in potatos.
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Cheraghali F, Shojaee-Aliabadi S, Hosseini SM, Mirmoghtadaie L, Mortazavian AM, Ghanati K, Abedi AS, Moslemi M. Characterization of Microcapsule Containing Walnut ( Juglans regia L.) Green Husk Extract as Preventive Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Agent. Int J Prev Med 2018; 9:101. [PMID: 30598739 PMCID: PMC6259432 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_308_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Walnut green husk (WGH) extract has been known as potential preventive and therapeutic antioxidants and antimicrobials due to its high polyphenol content. In this study, preparation of spray dried WGH extract-loaded microcapsules by maltodextrin and its blending with two other natural biodegradable polymers, pectin, or alginate were investigated. Methods: In this study, encapsulation efficiency (EE), total phenol content (Folin–Ciocalteu reagent method), antioxidant (DPPH scavenging assay) and antimicrobial activities (agar well diffusion method) structural (SEM and FTIR studies), and release properties of WGH extract-loaded microcapsules were investigated. Results: High retention of phenolic content in microcapsules indicated the successful encapsulation of WGH extract. Addition of biopolymers to maltodextrin matrix has a positive effect on EE and other properties of microcapsules. The microcapsules prepared with mixture of maltodextrin and pectin had higher EE (79.35 ± 0.87%) and total phenolic (TP) content (56.83 ± 1.04 mg gallic acid equivalents [GAE]/100 g) in comparison to maltodextrin and alginate mixture (EE: 75.21 ± 0.24%, TP content: 54.33 ± 1.53 mg GAE/100 g) and maltodextrin only matrix (EE: 72.50 ± 1.00%, TP content: 50.67 ± 1.35 mg GAE/100 g). Extract-loaded microcapsules also showed nearly spherical structure, good antioxidant (with the percentage DPPH inhibition ranged from 75.17 ± 1.42% to 80.87 ± 2.29%), and antimicrobial properties (with mean inhibition diameter zone ranged from 7.76 ± 0.86 mm to 11.53 ± 0.45 mm). Fourier transform infrared analyses suggested the presence of extract on microcapsules. The in vitro extract release from microcapsules followed an anomalous non-Fickian diffusion mechanism with almost complete release. Conclusions: WGH extract microcapsules can be used as novel and economic bioactive phytochemical and therapeutic agents to prevent oxidation and microbial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Cheraghali
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Shojaee-Aliabadi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyede Marzieh Hosseini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Mirmoghtadaie
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Mohammad Mortazavian
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiandokht Ghanati
- Department of Research, International Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdol-Samad Abedi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Masumeh Moslemi
- Food and Drug Control Reference Laboratories Center, Food and Drug Organization, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
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Novel 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives induce apoptosis via ROS-mediated p38/MAPK, Akt and STAT3 signaling in human hepatoma Hep3B cells. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 96:9-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 01/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Bi X, Wang Y, Hu X, Liao X. iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis of Sublethally Injured Escherichia coli O157:H7 Cells Induced by High Pressure Carbon Dioxide. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2544. [PMID: 29375496 PMCID: PMC5770692 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
High pressure carbon dioxide (HPCD) could cause sublethally injured cells (SICs), which may cause food poisoning and spoilage during food storage and limit its application. Therefore, the formation of SICs of Escherichia coli O157:H7 was investigated by isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) proteomic methods in this study for better controlling the SICs induced by HPCD. A total of 2,446 proteins was identified by iTRAQ, of which 93 and 29 were significantly differentially expressed in the SICs compared with live control cells (CKL) and dead control cells (CKD), respectively. Among the 93 differentially expressed proteins (DEP) in the SICs compared with CKL, 65 proteins showed down-regulation and 28 showed up-regulation. According to the comprehensive proteome coverage analysis, the SICs survived under HPCD by reducing carbohydrate decomposing, lipid transport and metabolism, amino acid transport and metabolism, transcription and translation, DNA replication and repair. Besides, the SICs showed stress response, DNA damage response and an increased carbohydrate transport, peptidoglycan synthesis and disulfide bond formation to HPCD. Among the 29 DEP in the SICs compared with CKD, 12 proteins showed down-regulation and 17 showed up-regulation. According to the comprehensive proteome coverage analysis, the SICs survived under HPCD by accumulation of cell protective agents like carbohydrates and amino acids, and decreasing transcription and translation activities. Results showed that the formation of the SICs with low metabolic activity and high survival ability was a survival strategy for E. coli O157:H7 against HPCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufang Bi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Lab of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China.,Sichuan Key Laboratory of Food Bio-technology, College of Food and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yongtao Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Lab of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaosong Hu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Lab of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Key Lab of Fruit and Vegetable Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Comparison of the Effects of Juglans nigra Green Husk and Clotrimazole on Candida albicans in Rats. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.58151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Wang J, Liu K, Wang XF, Sun DJ. Juglone reduces growth and migration of U251 glioblastoma cells and disrupts angiogenesis. Oncol Rep 2017; 38:1959-1966. [PMID: 28791366 PMCID: PMC5652942 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating data show that prolylisomerase (Pin1) is overexpressed in human glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) specimens. Therefore, Pin1 inhibitors should be investigated as a new chemotherapeutic drug that may enhance the clinical management of human gliomas. Recently, juglone, a Pin1 inhibitor, was shown to exhibit potent anticancer activity in various tumor cells, but its role in human glioma cells remains unknown. In the present study, we determined if juglone exerts antitumor effects in the U251 human glioma cell line and investigated its potential underlying molecular mechanisms. Cell survival, apoptosis, migration, angiogenesis and molecular targets were identified with multiple detection techniques including the MTT cell proliferation assay, dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining, electron microscopy, Transwell migration assay, chick chorioallantoic membrane assay, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting. The results showed that 5–20 µM juglone markedly suppressed cell proliferation, induced apoptosis, and enhanced caspase-3 activity in U251 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Moreover, juglone inhibited cell migration and the formation of new blood vessels. At the molecular level, juglone markedly suppressed Pin1 levels in a time-dependent manner. TGF-β1/Smad signaling, a critical upstream regulator of miR-21, was also suppressed by juglone. Moreover, the transient overexpression of Pin1 reversed its antitumor effects in U251 cells and inhibited juglone-mediated changes to the TGF-β1/miR-21 signaling pathway. These findings suggest that juglone inhibits cell growth by causing apoptosis, thereby inhibiting the migration of U251 glioma cells and disrupting angiogenesis; and that Pin1 is a critical target for juglones antitumor activity. The present study provides evidence that juglone has in vitro efficacy against glioma. Therefore, additional studies are warranted to examine the clinical potential of juglone in human gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Ke Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, P.R. China
| | - Dian-Jun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Etiology and Epidemiology, Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province and Ministry of Health, Center for Endemic Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150081, P.R. China
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Li L, Tian Y, Yu J, Song X, Jia R, Cui Q, Tong W, Zou Y, Li L, Yin L, Liang X, He C, Yue G, Ye G, Zhao L, Shi F, Lv C, Cao S, Yin Z. iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomic analysis reveals multiple effects of Emodin to Haemophilus parasuis. J Proteomics 2017; 166:39-47. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Song M, Lu G, Li M, Deng X, Wang J. Juglone alleviates pneumolysin-induced human alveolar epithelial cell injury via inhibiting the hemolytic activity of pneumolysin. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2017; 110:1069-1075. [PMID: 28451868 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-0880-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is an opportunistic pathogen responsible for several human diseases, including acute otitis media, pneumonia, sepsis and bacterial meningitis, and possesses numerous virulence factors associated with pneumococcal infection and pathogenesis. With the capacity to form pores in cholesterol-rich membranes, pneumolysin (PLY) is a key virulence factor of S. pneumoniae and causes severe tissue damage during pneumococcal infection. Juglone (JG), a natural 1,4-naphthoquinone widely found in the roots, leaves, woods and fruits of Juglandaceae walnut trees, inhibits PLY-induced hemolysis via inhibition of the oligomerization of PLY and exhibits minimal anti-S. pneumoniae activity. In addition, when human alveolar epithelial (A549) cells were co-cultured with PLY and JG, PLY-mediated cell injury was significantly alleviated. These results indicate that JG directly interacts with PLY to reduce the cytotoxicity of the toxin in human alveolar epithelial cells. Hence, JG is an effective inhibitor of PLY and protects lung cells from PLY-mediated cell injury. This study also provides the basis for the development of anti-virulence drugs for the treatment of S. pneumoniae infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Song
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Rd 5333, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Gejin Lu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Rd 5333, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Meng Li
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Rd 5333, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Xuming Deng
- Center of Infection and Immunity, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, Institute of Zoonosis, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Xi'an Rd 5333, Changchun, 130062, China. .,Center of Infection and Immunity, The First Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Zmantar T, Miladi H, Kouidhi B, Chaabouni Y, Ben Slama R, Bakhrouf A, Mahdouani K, Chaieb K. Use of juglone as antibacterial and potential efflux pump inhibitors in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the oral cavity. Microb Pathog 2016; 101:44-49. [PMID: 27816681 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2016.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In this study the minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) of tetracycline (Tet), erythromycin (Ery) and benzalkonium chloride (BC) in absence and in presence of a sub-MIC of juglone (Jug) were determined. In addition, the Ethidium bromide (EtBr) efflux assay was performed to assess the effect of Jug on EtBr cells accumulation. Our results showed a selective antimicrobial activity of Jug against the tested strains. A synergistic effect of Jug, drugs (Tet and Ery) and disinfectant (BC) was noticed with a reduction rate varied from 2 to 16-fold. In addition, the efflux of EtBr was inhibited depending on the Jug concentration. In the presence of Jug, a decrease in loss of EtBr from bacteria was observed. The concentration inducing 50 % of EtBr efflux inhibition after 15 min was about 182 μg ml-1 for S. aureus ATCC 25923, 236 μg ml-1 for S. aureus B193 and 195 μg ml-1 for S. aureus B456. It appears from this study that Jug may be used as a natural source for resistance-modifying activity in same bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Zmantar
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Hanene Miladi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Bochra Kouidhi
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Medical Laboratory Department, Yanbu el Bahr, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Monawarah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yassine Chaabouni
- Laboratory of Bacteriology and Molecular Biology, Hôspital of Ibn El Jazzar, Kairouan, Tunisia
| | - Rihab Ben Slama
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Amina Bakhrouf
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Kacem Mahdouani
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, Rue Avicenne, Monastir 5000, Tunisia; Laboratory of Bacteriology and Molecular Biology, Hôspital of Ibn El Jazzar, Kairouan, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Chaieb
- College of Sciences, Biology Department, Yanbu el Bahr, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Monawarah, Saudi Arabia
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Widhalm JR, Rhodes D. Biosynthesis and molecular actions of specialized 1,4-naphthoquinone natural products produced by horticultural plants. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2016; 3:16046. [PMID: 27688890 PMCID: PMC5030760 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2016.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The 1,4-naphthoquinones (1,4-NQs) are a diverse group of natural products found in every kingdom of life. Plants, including many horticultural species, collectively synthesize hundreds of specialized 1,4-NQs with ecological roles in plant-plant (allelopathy), plant-insect and plant-microbe interactions. Numerous horticultural plants producing 1,4-NQs have also served as sources of traditional medicines for hundreds of years. As a result, horticultural species have been at the forefront of many basic studies conducted to understand the metabolism and function of specialized plant 1,4-NQs. Several 1,4-NQ natural products derived from horticultural plants have also emerged as promising scaffolds for developing new drugs. In this review, the current understanding of the core metabolic pathways leading to plant 1,4-NQs is provided with additional emphasis on downstream natural products originating from horticultural species. An overview on the biochemical mechanisms of action, both from an ecological and pharmacological perspective, of 1,4-NQs derived from horticultural plants is also provided. In addition, future directions for improving basic knowledge about plant 1,4-NQ metabolism are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Widhalm
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, USA
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| | - David Rhodes
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, USA
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