1
|
Hou F, Yi F, Song L, Zhan S, Zhang R, Han X, Sun X, Liu Z. Bacterial community dynamics and metabolic functions prediction in white button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) during storage. Food Res Int 2023; 171:113077. [PMID: 37330835 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
White button mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) is rich in nutritional value, but it is easily infected by microorganisms during storage, which leads to spoilage and shortens the storage time. In this paper, A. bisporus at different storage times was sequenced by Illumina Novaseq 6000 platform. QIIME2 and PICRUSt2 were used to analyze the changes of bacterial community diversity and predict metabolic functions during storage of A. bisporus. Then, the pathogenic bacteria were isolated and identified from the spoilt samples of A. bisporus with black spot. The results showed that the bacterial species richness of A. bisporus surface gradually decreased. 2,291 ASVs were finally obtained through DADA2 denoising, belonging to 27 phyla, 60 classes, 154 orders, 255 families and 484 genera. The abundance of Pseudomonas on the surface of fresh A. bisporus sample was 22.8%, which increased to 68.7% after 6 days of storage. The abundance significantly increased and became a dominant spoilage bacterium. In addition, A total of 46 secondary metabolic pathways belonging to 6 categories of primary biological metabolic pathways were predicted during storage of A. bisporus, and metabolism (71.8%) was the main functional pathway. Co-occurrence network analysis revealed that the dominant bacterium Pseudomonas was positively correlated with 13 functional pathways (level 3). A total of 5 strains were isolated and purified from diseased A. bisporus surface. The test of pathogenicity showed that Pseudomonas tolaasii caused serious spoilage of A. bisporus. The study provided a theoretical basis for the development of antibacterial materials to reduce related diseases and prolong the storage time of A. bisporus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fanyun Hou
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049 Shandong, PR China
| | - Fangxuan Yi
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049 Shandong, PR China
| | - Lisha Song
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049 Shandong, PR China
| | - Shouqing Zhan
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049 Shandong, PR China
| | - Rongfei Zhang
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049 Shandong, PR China
| | - Xiangbo Han
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049 Shandong, PR China
| | - Xia Sun
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049 Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhanli Liu
- School of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, 255049 Shandong, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhu K, Chen Y, Chen L, Xiang H. Comparative Silk Transcriptomics Illuminates Distinctive Impact of Artificial Selection in Silkworm Modern Breeding. INSECTS 2022; 13:1163. [PMID: 36555072 PMCID: PMC9784016 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Early domestication and the following improvement are two important processes in the cocoon silk evolution of silkworms. In contrast to early domestication, understanding of the improvement process is still fuzzy. By systematically comparing the larval silk gland transcriptomes of the wild, early domestic, and improved silkworms, we highlighted a novel landscape of transcriptome in the silk glands of improved ones. We first clarified that silk cocoon protein genes were up-regulated in modern breeding but not in early domestication. Furthermore, we found that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between improved and early domestic silkworms (2711), as well as between improved and wild silkworms (2264), were obviously more than those between the early domestic and wild silkworms (158), with 1671 DEGs specific in the improved silkworm (IS-DEGs). Hierarchical clustering of all the DEGs consistently indicated that improved silkworms were significantly diverged from the early domestic and wild silkworms, suggesting that modern breeding might cause prompt and drastic dynamic changes of gene expression in the silk gland. We further paid attention to these 1671 IS-DEGs and were surprised to find that down-regulated genes were enriched in basic organonitrogen compound biosynthesis, RNA biosynthesis, and ribosome biogenesis processes, which are generally universally expressed, whereas those up-regulated genes were enriched in organonitrogen compound catabolic processes and functions involving in the dynamic regulation of protein post-translation of modification. We finally highlighted one candidate improvement gene among these up-regulated IS-DEGs, i.e., GDAP2, which may play roles in silk behavior and the overall robustness of the improved silkworm. The findings strongly suggest that modern breeding may facilitate effective control of the basic consumption of nitrogen and a stronger switch of nitrogen resources from other tissues to the silk glands, for an efficient supply for silk production, and implies the importance of brain behavior and robustness in silk yield improvement of modern breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kesen Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631, China
- Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yanfei Chen
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512000, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Ecology and Environment, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631, China
- Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liu Q, He X, Luo G, Wang K, Li D. Deciphering the dominant components and functions of bacterial communities for lignocellulose degradation at the composting thermophilic phase. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 348:126808. [PMID: 35131458 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The decomposition and transformation of organic matters during composting process are performed by various microorganisms. However, the bacterial communities and their functions usually vary with composting materials. Here the dominant bacterial genera and their functions were identified at the thermophilic phase during composting of mulberry branches with silkworm excrement (MSE), pig manure (MPM) and cow manure (MCD). The activities of β-glucosidase and endoglucanase were highest for MCD (1.31 and 17.15 µg g-1 min-1) and lowest for MPM (0.92 and 14.22 µg g-1 min-1). Random Forest model and correlation analysis revealed that Stenotrophomonas, Bacillus, and Sinibacillus were the dominant bacterial genera involved in lignocellulose degradation regardless of composting materials. Carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and DNA replication and repair were primary functions of the bacterial communities for the three types of composting. The quantification of lignocellulose degradation genes further verified the dominant functions of the bacterial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiumei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, China; Guangxi Industrial Technology Research Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Xunyang He
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, China; Guangxi Industrial Technology Research Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Gongwen Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, China
| | - Kelin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, China; Guangxi Industrial Technology Research Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control, Nanning 530000, China
| | - Dejun Li
- Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Karst Ecological Processes and Services, Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang 547100, China; Guangxi Industrial Technology Research Institute for Karst Rocky Desertification Control, Nanning 530000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang P, Zhou Y, Qin D, Chen J, Zhang Z. Metabolic Changes in Larvae of Predator Chrysopa sinica Fed on Azadirachtin-Treated Plutella xylostella Larvae. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12020158. [PMID: 35208232 PMCID: PMC8876581 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12020158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological control is a key component of integrated pest management (IPM). To suppress pests in a certain threshold, chemical control is used in combination with biological and other control methods. An essential premise for using pesticides in IPM is to ascertain their compatibility with beneficial insects. Chrysopa sinica (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) is an important predator of various pests and used for pest management. This study was intended to analyze metabolic changes in C. sinica larvae after feeding on azadirachtin-treated Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera, Plutellidae) larvae through a non-targeted LC–MS (Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry) based metabolomics analysis. Results showed that C. sinica larvae did not die after consuming P. xylostella larvae treated with azadirachtin. However, their pupation and eclosion were adversely affected, resulting in an impairment in the completion of their life cycle. Feeding C. sinica larvae with azadirachtin-treated P. xylostella larvae affected over 10,000 metabolites across more than 20 pathways, including the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, lipid, cofactors, and vitamins in C. sinica larvae, of which changes in amnio acid metabolism were particularly pronounced. A working model was proposed to illustrate differential changes in 20 metabolites related to some amino acid metabolisms. Among them, 15 were markedly reduced and only five were elevated. Our results suggest that azadirachtin application may not be exclusively compatible with the use of the predator C. sinica for control of P. xylostella. It is recommended that the compatibility should be evaluated not only based on the survival of the predatory insects but also by the metabolic changes and the resultant detrimental effects on their development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.Z.); (D.Q.)
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Department of Environmental Horticulture, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
| | - You Zhou
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing 404100, China;
| | - Deqiang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.Z.); (D.Q.)
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Department of Environmental Horticulture, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL 32703, USA
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Z.Z.)
| | - Zhixiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (P.Z.); (D.Q.)
- Correspondence: (J.C.); (Z.Z.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hao X, Ma X, Zeng B, Zhu L, Shen L, Yang M, Hu H, Jiang D, Bai L. Efficiency and mechanism of a vermicompost additive in enhancing composting of swine manure. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:65791-65801. [PMID: 34322803 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14498-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Vermicompost was used as an additive in swine manure composting to investigate the expression of bacterial functional genes on nutrients biotransformation. Three treatments with vermicompost compositions of 10%, 20%, and 30% in swine manure were set up. Raw manure was used as the control. The thermophilic period increased to 12 days, the NH4+ -N/NO3- -N ratio decreased to 0.85, and the germination index (GI) increased to 166% after vermicompost addition. Furthermore, higher relative abundances of Firmicutes were observed in the substrate during the initial stages of experiment. The abundance of the dominant phylum Proteobacteria and its related pathogenic genera Acinetobacter and Stenotrophomonas decreased in the thermophilic stage while the potentially beneficial genera Actinomadura and Chryseolinea increased. The expression of primary functional genes associated with the metabolism of carbohydrates, amino acids, xenobiotics, and fatty acids was enhanced during the thermophilic phase. Besides, most dominant genera showed strengthened correlations with NO3--N and GI, which were the strongest environmental factors for bacterial communities. Network analysis revealed a new metabolic pathway associated with dominant genera Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, and Oceanobacter, whose abundance increased with vermicompost addition. Collectively, the results of this study indicate that vermicompost can promote composting efficiency by increasing the potentially beneficial bacteria, decreasing pathogenic bacteria, and enhancing the metabolic capacity of bacterial communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Hao
- Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyuan Ma
- Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingxian Yang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongwen Hu
- Neijiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Neijiang, 641000, Sichuan, China
| | - Dongmei Jiang
- Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Bai
- Lab of Animal Ecology and Environmental Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road 211, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The Expression of UGT46A1 Gene and Its Effect on Silkworm Feeding. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9081473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The silkworm, Bombyx mori, uses a complex olfactory system to determine whether the food is edible. As an odor degrading enzyme, UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) participates in the degradation of odor molecules in the olfactory system of the silkworm. By sequencing the whole genome of the silkworm NB and using comparative genomics methods, we found that UGT46A1 is unique in species that eat mulberry leaves. Bioinformatics shows that its function may be related to the feeding habits of the silkworm. In this study, it was found through quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) that UGT46A1 was highly expressed in the heads of silkworms, which was consistent with the conjecture that UGT46A1 was involved in silkworm olfactory recognition. RNA interference (RNAi) was used to knock down the expression of UGT46A1. By observing the silkworm’s tendency toward mulberry leaves and food selectivity, it was found that the silkworms that successfully knocked down the UGT46A1 gene altered their feeding habits and that their ability to find food was weakened, but they could eat more leaves of plants other than mulberry leaves. This evidence indicates that UGT46A1 may affect the silkworm’s feeding by influencing the olfactory system of the silkworm.
Collapse
|
7
|
The Antiviral Molecule 5-Pyridoxolactone Identified Post BmNPV Infection of the Silkworm, Bombyx mori. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147423. [PMID: 34299043 PMCID: PMC8307608 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) is a pathogen that causes great economic losses in sericulture. Many genes play a role in viral infection of silkworms, but silkworm metabolism in response to BmNPV infection is unknown. We studied BmE cells infected with BmNPV. We performed liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based non-targeted metabolomics analysis of the cytosolic extract and identified 36, 76, 138, 101, 189, and 166 different molecules at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h post BmNPV infection (hpi) compared with 0 hpi. Compounds representing different areas of metabolism were increased in cells post BmNPV infection. These areas included purine metabolism, aminoacyl−tRNA biosynthesis, and ABC transporters. Glycerophosphocholine (GPC), 2-hydroxyadenine (2-OH-Ade), gamma-glutamylcysteine (γ-Glu-Cys), hydroxytolbutamide, and 5-pyridoxolactone glycerophosphocholine were continuously upregulated in BmE cells post BmNPV infection by heat map analysis. Only 5-pyridoxolactone was found to strongly inhibit the proliferation of BmNPV when it was used to treat BmE cells. Fewer infected cells were detected and the level of BmNPV DNA decreased with increasing 5-pyridoxolactone in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of BmNPV genes ie1, helicase, GP64, and VP39 in BmE cells treated with 5-pyridoxolactone were strongly inhibited in the BmNPV infection stage. This suggested that 5-pyridoxolactone may suppress the entry of BmNPV. The data in this study characterize the metabolism changes in BmNPV-infected cells. Further analysis of 5-pyridoxolactone, which is a robust antiviral molecule, may increase our understanding of antiviral immunity.
Collapse
|
8
|
Effect of Bombyx mori on the Liver Protection of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Based on In Vitro and In Vivo Models. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:cimb43010003. [PMID: 33925122 PMCID: PMC8929127 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Edible insects, Bombyx mori (silkworm; SW), which feed on mulberry leaves, have been consumed by humans for a long time as supplements or traditional medication. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver metabolic disorder that affects many people worldwide. We examined the hepatoprotective effects of SW using in vitro and high-fat and high-fructose (HFHF) diet-induced obese in vivo model mice by real-time PCR, immunoblot analysis, and fecal microbiota analysis. SW significantly reduced lipid accumulation and expression of the lipogenic genes in HepG2 cells and the livers of HFHF-induced mice. SW caused significant reductions in triglycerides, and total cholesterol in serum and upregulation of fatty acid oxidation markers compared to the HFHF group. Besides, SW significantly induced phosphorylation of AMPK and ACC in both models, suggesting roles in AMPK activation and the ACC signaling pathway. Furthermore, the gut microbiota analysis demonstrated that SW treatment reduced Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes ratios and the relative abundance of the Lachnospiraceae family compared to HFHF-induced obese mice. These results provide a novel therapeutic agent of hepatoprotective effects of SW for non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis that targets hepatic AMPK and ACC-mediated lipid metabolism.
Collapse
|
9
|
Cao YY, Peng LL, Jiang L, Thakur K, Hu F, Tang SM, Wei ZJ. Evaluation of the Metabolic Effects of Hydrogen Sulfide on the Development of Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae), Using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2020; 20:5805372. [PMID: 32186739 PMCID: PMC7071785 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a highly poisonous gas with an unpleasant smell of rotten eggs. Previous studies of H2S have primarily focused on its effects on mammalian nervous and respiratory systems. In this study, silkworm developmental parameters and changes in metabolites in response to H2S exposure were investigated using a hemolymph metabolomic approach, based on liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). The developmental parameters, body weight, cocoon weight, cocoon shell weight, and cocoon shell ratio, were noticeably increased following H2S exposure, with the greatest effects observed at 7.5-μM H2S. Metabolites upregulated under H2S exposure (7.5 μM) were related to inflammation, and included (6Z, 9Z, 12Z)-octadecatrienoic acid, choline phosphate, and malic acid, while hexadecanoic acid was downregulated. Identified metabolites were involved in biological processes, including pyrimidine, purine, and fatty acid metabolism, which are likely to affect silk gland function. These results demonstrate that H2S is beneficial to silkworm development and alters metabolic pathways related to spinning function and inflammation. The present study provides new information regarding the potential functions of H2S in insects and metabolic pathways related to this phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yao Cao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, PR China
| | - Li-Li Peng
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, PR China
| | - Li Jiang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, PR China
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, PR China
| | - Fei Hu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, PR China
| | - Shun-Ming Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural Biology and Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Silkworm and Mulberry Genetic Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Sericultural Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhenjiang, PR China
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, PR China
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Li G, Zhang X, Qian H, Liu M, Zhao G, Xu A. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Based Midgut Metabolomics Reveals the Metabolic Perturbations under NaF Stress in Bombyx mori. INSECTS 2019; 11:insects11010017. [PMID: 31878123 PMCID: PMC7023488 DOI: 10.3390/insects11010017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Fluoride tolerance is an important economic trait in sericulture, especially in some industrial development regions. Analyses of physiological changes involving structural damage to the insect body and molecular analyses of some related genes have focused on this area; however, the changes that occur at the metabolic level of silkworms after eating fluoride-contaminated mulberry leaves remain unclear. Here, metabonomic analysis was conducted using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze the changes in midgut tissue after NaF stress using silkworm strains 733xin (susceptible stain) and T6 (strain resistant to fluoride), which were previously reported by our laboratory. Differential metabolomics analysis showed that both T6 and 733xin strains displayed complex responses after exposure to 200 mg/kg NaF. The purine metabolism and arginine and proline metabolic pathways of fluoride-tolerant strains reached significant levels, among which 3′-adenylic acid and hypoxanthine were significantly upregulated, whereas guanine, allantoic acid, xanthine, N-acetyl-L-glutamic acid, and pyruvate were significantly downregulated. These metabolic pathways may be related to the fluoride tolerance mechanism of NaF poisoning and tolerant strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- The Sericultural Research Institute, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
- The key Laboratory of silkworm and mulberry genetic improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (A.X.)
| | - Xiao Zhang
- The Sericultural Research Institute, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
| | - Heying Qian
- The Sericultural Research Institute, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
- The key Laboratory of silkworm and mulberry genetic improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Mingzhu Liu
- The key Laboratory of silkworm and mulberry genetic improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Guodong Zhao
- The Sericultural Research Institute, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
- The key Laboratory of silkworm and mulberry genetic improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
| | - Anying Xu
- The Sericultural Research Institute, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China
- The key Laboratory of silkworm and mulberry genetic improvement, Ministry of Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science, Zhenjiang 212018, China
- Correspondence: (G.L.); (A.X.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Qiu C, Feng Y, Wu M, Liu M, Li W, Li Z. NanoFe 3O 4 accelerates methanogenic straw degradation by improving energy metabolism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 292:121930. [PMID: 31401356 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The impacts of nanoFe3O4 on the composition of degradation products, microbial community, and microbial metabolic functions during rice straw anaerobic degradation were investigated. Under nanoFe3O4 addition, CH4 production and straw degradation increased by 81% and 10.4%, respectively, in paddy soil enrichment. Coupling product chemistry and microbial community during straw degradation found that nanoFe3O4 effectively promoted the hydrolysis-acidification-methanogenesis of straw, which made lignin-, lipid-, protein-, tannin-like and VFAs products rapidly increase and then quickly decrease. Moreover, the relative abundance of Clostridiaceae and Methanosarcina corresponded with increased hydrolysis and acetoclastic methanogenesis with nanoFe3O4 addition. Cellular processes, environmental information processing and metabolism, especially energy metabolism, were enhanced functions of the microbial community during straw degradation with nanoFe3O4. The nanoFe3O4 addition may improve the electron transfer efficiency, stimulate energy release, reduce Gibbs free energy of the half reaction of organic carbon oxidation (ΔGcox0) and promote energy metabolism to accelerate straw degradation and CH4 generation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cunpu Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Youzhi Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Meng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Weitao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zhongpei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu Province, PR China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Moguel E, Berrocal J, García-Alonso J. Systematic Literature Review of Food-Intake Monitoring in an Aging Population. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E3265. [PMID: 31344946 PMCID: PMC6695930 DOI: 10.3390/s19153265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The dietary habits of people directly impact their health conditions. Especially in elder populations (in 2017, 6.7% of the world's population was over 65 years of age), these habits could lead to important-nutrient losses that could seriously affect their cognitive and functional state. Recently, a great research effort has been devoted to using different technologies and proposing different techniques for monitoring food-intake. Nevertheless, these techniques are usually generic but make use of the most innovative technologies and methodologies to obtain the best possible monitoring results. However, a large percentage of elderly people live in depopulated rural areas (in Spain, 28.1% of the elderly population lives in this type of area) with a fragile cultural and socioeconomic context. The use of these techniques in these environments is crucial to improving this group's quality of life (and even reducing their healthcare expenses). At the same time, it is especially challenging since they have very specific and strict requirements regarding the use and application of technology. In this Systematic Literature Review (SLR), we analyze the most important proposed technologies and techniques in order to identify whether they can be applied in this context and if they can be used to improve the quality of life of this fragile collective. In this SLR, we have analyzed 326 papers. From those, 29 proposals have been completely analyzed, taking into account the characteristics and requirements of this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Moguel
- Av. de la Universidad, s/n. University of Extremadura, 10004 Cáceres, Spain.
| | - Javier Berrocal
- Av. de la Universidad, s/n. University of Extremadura, 10004 Cáceres, Spain
| | - José García-Alonso
- Av. de la Universidad, s/n. University of Extremadura, 10004 Cáceres, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wang X, Li Y, Liu Q, Tan X, Xie X, Xia Q, Zhao P. GC/MS-based metabolomics analysis reveals active fatty acids biosynthesis in the Filippi's gland of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, during silk spinning. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 105:1-9. [PMID: 30576753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2018.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The Filippi's gland, also called the Lyonet's gland, is in truth a pair of tiny glands that are unique to lepidopteran insects. Although the ultrastructure of the Filippi's gland has been well-understood, the specific biological function of this gland in silk spinning is still unclear. Previous studies proposed a hypothesis that this gland might synthesize and secrete some substances into the anterior silk gland (ASG) to help silk spinning. In order to identify these metabolites, a GC/MS-based metabolomics technique was introduced. A total of 59 metabolites, including fatty acids, amino acids, and sugars, were identified in glands from silkworm larvae in the feeding and silk spinning stages. Abundance and pathway analyses revealed that these metabolites had different abundances during gland development and silk spinning, which may facilitate the transport of small molecules and ions. The most interesting result is that the Filippi's gland has a very active fatty acid biosynthesis process during spinning, suggesting that it may synthesize lipids or waxes and secrete them into the ASG to promote silk spinning. This data provides instructive insight into the biological functions of Filippi's gland from both silkworms and other lepidoptera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science of Chongqing, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Qingsong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Xiaoyin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Xiaoqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science of Chongqing, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Ping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sericultural Science of Chongqing, Chongqing Engineering and Technology Research Center for Novel Silk Materials, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Anderson RL, Battistini MR, Wallis DJ, Shoji C, O'Flynn BG, Dillashaw JE, Merkler DJ. Bm-iAANAT and its potential role in fatty acid amide biosynthesis in Bombyx mori. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2018; 135:10-17. [PMID: 30103920 PMCID: PMC6093294 DOI: 10.1016/j.plefa.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this research is to unravel the substrate specificity and kinetic properties of an insect arylalkylamine N-acyltransferase from Bombyx mori (Bm-iAANAT) and to determine if this enzyme will catalyze the formation of long chain N-acylarylalkylamides in vitro. However, the determination of substrates and products for Bm-iAANAT in vitro is no guarantee that these same molecules are substrates and products for the enzyme in the organism. Therefore, RT-PCR was performed to detect the Bm-iAANAT transcripts and liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF-MS) analysis was performed on purified lipid extracts from B. mori larvae (fourth instar, Bmi4) to determine if long chain fatty acid amides are produced in B. mori. Ultimately, we found that recombinant Bm-iAANAT will utilize long-chain acyl-CoA thioesters as substrates and identified Bm-iAANAT transcripts and long-chain fatty acid amides in Bmi4. Together, these data show Bm-iAANAT will catalyze the formation of long-chain N-acylarylalkylamides in vitro and provide evidence demonstrating that Bm-iAANAT has a role in fatty acid amide biosynthesis in B. mori, as well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | | | - Dylan J Wallis
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Christopher Shoji
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - Brian G O'Flynn
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - John E Dillashaw
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA
| | - David J Merkler
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Wei H, Wang L, Hassan M, Xie B. Succession of the functional microbial communities and the metabolic functions in maize straw composting process. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2018; 256:333-341. [PMID: 29459320 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 223] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Illumina MiSeq sequencing and phylogenetic investigation of communities by reconstruction of unobserved states (PICRUSt) were applied to study the dynamic changes and effects of microbial community structures as well as the metabolic function of bacterial community in maize straw composting process. Results showed that humic acid contents in loosely combined humus (HA1) and stably combined humus (HA2) increased after composting and Staphylococcus, Cellulosimicrobium and Ochrobactrum possibly participated in the transformation of the process. The bacterial communities differed in different stages of the composting. Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria were reported the dominant phyla throughout the process and the relative abundance of the dominant phyla varied significantly (p < 0.05) over time. Moreover, the total phosphorus (TP) had the greatest influence on the microbial community structure among C/N ratio, available phosphorus (AP) and humic substances. Metabolism, cellular processes and environmental information processing might be the primary functions of microbial community during the composting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Wei
- Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration of Shanghai, School of Ecology & Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Liuhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration of Shanghai, School of Ecology & Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Muhammad Hassan
- Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration of Shanghai, School of Ecology & Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Ecological Restoration of Shanghai, School of Ecology & Environmental Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
| |
Collapse
|