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Zou J, Mai C, Lin Z, Zhou J, Lai G. Targeting metabolism of breast cancer and its implications in T cell immunotherapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1381970. [PMID: 38680483 PMCID: PMC11045902 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1381970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is a prominent health issue amongst women around the world. Immunotherapies including tumor targeted antibodies, adoptive T cell therapy, vaccines, and immune checkpoint blockers have rejuvenated the clinical management of breast cancer, but the prognosis of patients remains dismal. Metabolic reprogramming and immune escape are two important mechanisms supporting the progression of breast cancer. The deprivation uptake of nutrients (such as glucose, amino acid, and lipid) by breast cancer cells has a significant impact on tumor growth and microenvironment remodeling. In recent years, in-depth researches on the mechanism of metabolic reprogramming and immune escape have been extensively conducted, and targeting metabolic reprogramming has been proposed as a new therapeutic strategy for breast cancer. This article reviews the abnormal metabolism of breast cancer cells and its impact on the anti-tumor activity of T cells, and further explores the possibility of targeting metabolism as a therapeutic strategy for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialuo Zou
- Department of Breast Disease Comprehensive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Cunjun Mai
- Department of Breast Disease Comprehensive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zhiqin Lin
- Department of Breast Disease Comprehensive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Immunology, International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guie Lai
- Department of Breast Disease Comprehensive Center, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, China
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Liao S, Wu G, Xie Z, Lei X, Yang X, Huang S, Deng X, Wang Z, Tang G. pH regulators and their inhibitors in tumor microenvironment. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 267:116170. [PMID: 38308950 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
As an important characteristic of tumor, acidic tumor microenvironment (TME) is closely related to immune escape, invasion, migration and drug resistance of tumor. The acidity of the TME mainly comes from the acidic products produced by the high level of tumor metabolism, such as lactic acid and carbon dioxide. pH regulators such as monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), and Na+/H+ exchange 1 (NHE1) expel protons directly or indirectly from the tumor to maintain the pH balance of tumor cells and create an acidic TME. We review the functions of several pH regulators involved in the construction of acidic TME, the structure and structure-activity relationship of pH regulator inhibitors, and provide strategies for the development of small-molecule antitumor inhibitors based on these targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senyi Liao
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Guang Wu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China
| | - Zhizhong Xie
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiaoyong Lei
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Xiaoyan Yang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China
| | - Sheng Huang
- Jiuzhitang Co., Ltd, Changsha, Hunan, 410007, China
| | - Xiangping Deng
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhe Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pharmacy, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, Hunan, China.
| | - Guotao Tang
- Institute of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment Responsive Drug Research, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, China.
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Zhang Y, Song H, Li M, Lu P. Histone lactylation bridges metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic rewiring in driving carcinogenesis: Oncometabolite fuels oncogenic transcription. Clin Transl Med 2024; 14:e1614. [PMID: 38456209 PMCID: PMC10921234 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Heightened lactate production in cancer cells has been linked to various cellular mechanisms such as angiogenesis, hypoxia, macrophage polarisation and T-cell dysfunction. The lactate-induced lactylation of histone lysine residues is noteworthy, as it functions as an epigenetic modification that directly augments gene transcription from chromatin. This epigenetic modification originating from lactate effectively fosters a reliance on transcription, thereby expediting tumour progression and development. Herein, this review explores the correlation between histone lactylation and cancer characteristics, revealing histone lactylation as an innovative epigenetic process that enhances the vulnerability of cells to malignancy. Moreover, it is imperative to acknowledge the paramount importance of acknowledging innovative therapeutic methodologies for proficiently managing cancer by precisely targeting lactate signalling. This comprehensive review illuminates a crucial yet inadequately investigated aspect of histone lactylation, providing valuable insights into its clinical ramifications and prospective therapeutic interventions centred on lactylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical MedicineXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Hang Song
- Department of OphthalmologyPeking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingChina
| | - Meili Li
- Department of OphthalmologyEye Disease Prevention and Treatment Institute of Xuzhou, The Affiliated Xuzhou Municipal Hospital of Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhou First People's HospitalXuzhouJiangsuChina
| | - Peirong Lu
- Department of OphthalmologyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouChina
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Hatami H, Sajedi A, Mir SM, Memar MY. Importance of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) in cancer cells. Health Sci Rep 2023; 6:e996. [PMID: 36570342 PMCID: PMC9768844 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In most regions, cancer ranks the second most frequent cause of death following cardiovascular disorders. Aim In this article, we review the various aspects of glycolysis with a focus on types of MCTs and the importance of lactate in cancer cells. Results and Discussion Metabolic changes are one of the first and most important alterations in cancer cells. Cancer cells use different pathways to survive, energy generation, growth, and proliferation compared to normal cells. The increase in glycolysis, which produces substances such as lactate and pyruvate, has an important role in metastases and invasion of cancer cells. Two important cellular proteins that play a role in the production and transport of lactate include lactate dehydrogenase and monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). These molecules by their various isoforms and different tissue distribution help to escape the immune system and expansion of cancer cells under different conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Hatami
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of MedicineMashhad University of Medical SciencesMashhadIran
| | - Atefe Sajedi
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Mir
- Metabolic Disorders Research CenterGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineGolestan University of Medical SciencesGorganIran
| | - Mohammad Yousef Memar
- Infectious and Tropical Diseases Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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The tissue expression of MCT3, MCT8, and MCT9 genes in women with breast cancer. Genes Genomics 2021; 43:1065-1077. [PMID: 34097251 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01116-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer (BC) is a common malignancy with a high mortality rate. Malignant cell transformation is associated with metabolic changes. One group of proteins that are affected is the monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs-SLC16A). The MCTs comprise 14 members, and they play an important role in the growth, proliferation, and metabolism of cancer cells by transporting monocarboxylates such as lactate, pyruvate and thyroid hormones. OBJECTIVE We aimed to evaluate the expression of MCT3 (SLC16A8), MCT8 (SLC16A2) and MCT9 (SLC16A9) genes in breast cancer samples, comparing to normal adjacent tissues. METHODS Forty paired breast cancer tumor samples, the adjacent non-tumor and five healthy tissues were collected. Three cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and SKBR3) were also analyzed. The expression of SLC16A8, SLC16A2 and SLC16A9 were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR. The relationship between gene expression with the pathological features of the tumors, and the hormone receptors status of the patient's tumors were also analyzed. RESULTS There was a significantly lower expression of the MCT3 gene in tumor samples compared to adjacent normal tissue and healthy samples (p value < 0.05). There was a significant difference in the expression of all three candidate genes between the BC tissues and normal tissues, and for the, tissues with different hormone receptor status and the molecular subtypes. Altered MCT8 and MCT9 gene expression was associated with a reduced survival CONCLUSION: MCT3 expression is significantly downregulated in breast cancer tissue. MCT3 may represent a novel therapeutic target in breast cancer patients, or in some hormone receptor subgroups.
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Blum A, Mostow K, Jackett K, Kelty E, Dakpa T, Ryan C, Hagos E. KLF4 Regulates Metabolic Homeostasis in Response to Stress. Cells 2021; 10:830. [PMID: 33917010 PMCID: PMC8067718 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancerous cells are detrimental to the human body and can be incredibly resilient against treatments because of the complexities of molecular carcinogenic pathways. In particular, cancer cells are able to sustain increased growth under metabolic stress due to phenomena like the Warburg effect. Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), a context-dependent transcription factor that can act as both a tumor suppressor and an oncogene, is involved in many molecular pathways that respond to low glucose and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), raising the question of its role in metabolic stress as a result of increased proliferation of tumor cells. In this study, metabolic assays were performed, showing enhanced efficiency of energy production in cells expressing KLF4. Western blotting showed that KLF4 increases the expression of essential glycolytic proteins. Furthermore, we used immunostaining to show that KLF4 increases the localization of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) to the cellular membrane. 2',7'-Dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H2DCF-DA) was used to analyze the production of ROS, and we found that KLF4 reduces stress-induced ROS within cells. Finally, we demonstrated increased autophagic death in KLF4-expressing cells in response to glucose starvation. Collectively, these results relate KLF4 to non-Warburg metabolic behaviors that support its role as a tumor suppressor and could make KLF4 a target for new cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Engda Hagos
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY 13346, USA; (A.B.); (K.M.); (K.J.); (E.K.); (T.D.); (C.R.)
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Kiran D, Basaraba RJ. Lactate Metabolism and Signaling in Tuberculosis and Cancer: A Comparative Review. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:624607. [PMID: 33718271 PMCID: PMC7952876 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.624607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) leading to tuberculosis (TB) disease continues to be a major global health challenge. Critical barriers, including but not limited to the development of multi-drug resistance, lack of diagnostic assays that detect patients with latent TB, an effective vaccine that prevents Mtb infection, and infectious and non-infectious comorbidities that complicate active TB, continue to hinder progress toward a TB cure. To complement the ongoing development of new antimicrobial drugs, investigators in the field are exploring the value of host-directed therapies (HDTs). This therapeutic strategy targets the host, rather than Mtb, and is intended to augment host responses to infection such that the host is better equipped to prevent or clear infection and resolve chronic inflammation. Metabolic pathways of immune cells have been identified as promising HDT targets as more metabolites and metabolic pathways have shown to play a role in TB pathogenesis and disease progression. Specifically, this review highlights the potential role of lactate as both an immunomodulatory metabolite and a potentially important signaling molecule during the host response to Mtb infection. While long thought to be an inert end product of primarily glucose metabolism, the cancer research field has discovered the importance of lactate in carcinogenesis and resistance to chemotherapeutic drug treatment. Herein, we discuss similarities between the TB granuloma and tumor microenvironments in the context of lactate metabolism and identify key metabolic and signaling pathways that have been shown to play a role in tumor progression but have yet to be explored within the context of TB. Ultimately, lactate metabolism and signaling could be viable HDT targets for TB; however, critical additional research is needed to better understand the role of lactate at the host-pathogen interface during Mtb infection before adopting this HDT strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Randall J. Basaraba
- Metabolism of Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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da Veiga GL, da Costa Aguiar Alves B, Perez MM, Raimundo JR, de Araújo Encinas JF, Murad N, Fonseca FLA. Kidney Diseases: The Age of Molecular Markers. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1306:13-27. [PMID: 33959903 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-63908-2_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Kidney diseases are conditions that increase the morbidity and mortality of those afflicted. Diagnosis of these conditions is based on parameters such as the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), measurement of serum and urinary creatinine levels and equations derived from these measurements (Wasung, Chawla, Madero. Clin Chim Acta 438:350-357, 2015). However, serum creatinine as a marker for measuring renal dysfunction has its limitations since it is altered in several other physiological situations, such as in patients with muscle loss, after intense physical exercise or in people on a high protein diet (Riley, Powers, Welch. Res Q Exerc Sport 52(3):339-347, 1981; Juraschek, Appel, Anderson, Miller. Am J Kidney Dis 61(4):547-554, 2013). Besides the fact that serum creatinine is a marker that indicates glomerular damage, it is necessary the discovery of new biomarkers that reflect not only glomerular damage but also tubular impairment. Recent advances in Molecular Biology have led to the generation or identification of new biomarkers for kidney diseases such as: Acute Kidney Failure (AKI), chronic kidney disease (CKD), nephritis or nephrotic syndrome. There are recent markers that have been used to aid in diagnosis and have been shown to be more sensitive and specific than classical markers, such as neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) or kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) (Wasung, Chawla, Madero. Clin Chim Acta 438:350-357, 2015; George, Gounden. Adv Clin Chem 88:91-119, 2019; Han, Bailly, Abichandani, Thadhani, Bonventre. Kidney Int 62(1):237-244, 2002; Fontanilla, Han. Expert Opin Med Diagn 5(2):161-173, 2011). However, early diagnostic biomarkers are still necessary to assist the intervention and monitor of the progression of these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Neif Murad
- Cardiology Department, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca
- Division of Clinical Analysis, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC, Santo André, Brazil.,Pharmaceutical Science Department, Universidade Federal de São Paulo/UNIFESP - Diadema, Butantã, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wang P, Wang Z, Yan Y, Xiao L, Tian W, Qu M, Meng A, Sun F, Li G, Dong J. Psychological Stress Up-Regulates CD147 Expression Through Beta-Arrestin1/ERK to Promote Proliferation and Invasiveness of Glioma Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:571181. [PMID: 33178600 PMCID: PMC7593686 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.571181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Psychological stress is closely related to the occurrence and prognosis of various malignant tumors, but the underlying mechanisms are not well studied. CD147 has been reported to be expressed in glioma and other malignant tumors. CD147 not only participates in lactic acid transport, but it also plays an important role in the invasion and metastasis of malignant tumor cells by stimulating the production of numerous matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor by fibroblasts, and could also act as an autocrine factor stimulating MMPs production in metastatic tumor cells. Here, we found that silencing CD147 in chronically stressed nude mice not only inhibited the proliferation of xenografts but also decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2, 9 expression and lactic acid content in tumor tissues. Furthermore, norepinephrine (NE) was significantly increased in the serum of nude mice in glioma stress model. To determine the underlying cellular mechanism, we added exogenous NE into LN229 and U87 cells to simulate the stress environment in vitro. The invasiveness of the glioma cells was subsequently examined using a Matrigel invasion assay. We demonstrated that knockdown of CD147 inhibited glioma invasiveness and metastasis with norepinephrine stimulation. Luciferase reporter gene experiments further demonstrated that the expression of CD147 is up-regulated primarily by norepinephrine via the β-Adrenalin receptor (βAR)-β-arrestin1-ERK1/2-Sp1 pathway. High expression of CD147 promoted the secretion of MMP-2 and the increment of lactic acid, which accelerated the augmented invasion and metastasis of glioma induced by psychological stress. Taken together, these results suggest that psychological stress promotes glioma proliferation and invasiveness by up-regulating CD147 expression. Thus, CD147 might be a potential target site in the treatment of glioma progression induced by chronic psychological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Zhenming Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Weifang City People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Yizhi Yan
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Lin Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Wenxiu Tian
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.,Central of Translation Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, China
| | - Meihua Qu
- Translational Medical Center, Weifang Second People's Hospital, Weifang, China
| | - Aixia Meng
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Fengxiang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Guizhi Li
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Junhong Dong
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Basic Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
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Min A, Xiong H, Wang W, Hu X, Wang C, Mao T, Yang L, Huang D, Xia K, Su T. CD147 promotes proliferation and migration of oral cancer cells by inhibiting junctions between E-cadherin and β-catenin. J Oral Pathol Med 2020; 49:1019-1029. [PMID: 32740991 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although association between oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been demonstrated, we found CD147, one transmembrane protein we previously studied in oral submucous fibrosis, was correlated with E-cadherin, one marker of EMT. Here, we investigated CD147 expression in the different stages of OSCC and assessed its association with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). MATERIALS AND METHODS CD147 and E-cadherin expression in tissue microarrays containing 48 OSCC specimens and matched adjacent tissues was analysed using immunohistochemistry. CD147 was overexpressed or knocked down using exogenous cloning vector and RNA interference, respectively, in OSCC cell lines. Cell proliferation and migration were measured using the CCK8 assay and scratch test, respectively. The expression and localization of EMT-associated proteins was analysed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. RESULTS CD147 expression in OSCC tissues was significantly higher than that in adjacent tissues and was markedly higher in cancer tissues with metastasis (P < .05). CD147 expression showed significant negative correlation with E-cadherin expression. CD147 overexpression downregulated E-cadherin and inhibited its complex with β-catenin and then upregulated N-cadherin and vimentin. Additionally, alterations in CD147 protein expression affected proliferation and migration ability in OSCC cells and were related to β-catenin nuclear translocation. CONCLUSION CD147 plays an important role in tumorigenesis and metastasis by promoting EMT progression in OSCC. It may be considered as a novel potential diagnostic and therapeutic target for OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjie Min
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haofeng Xiong
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Weiming Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xin Hu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Can Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ting Mao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liudi Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Danni Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Center for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tong Su
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Center of Stomatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Institute of Oral Precancerous Lesions, Central South University, Changsha, China
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11
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CAIX forms a transport metabolon with monocarboxylate transporters in human breast cancer cells. Oncogene 2019; 39:1710-1723. [PMID: 31723238 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1098-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Tumor cells rely on glycolysis to meet their elevated demand for energy. Thereby they produce significant amounts of lactate and protons, which are exported via monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs), supporting the formation of an acidic microenvironment. The present study demonstrates that carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX), one of the major acid/base regulators in cancer cells, forms a protein complex with MCT1 and MCT4 in tissue samples from human breast cancer patients, but not healthy breast tissue. Formation of this transport metabolon requires binding of CAIX to the Ig1 domain of the MCT1/4 chaperon CD147 and is required for CAIX-mediated facilitation of MCT1/4 activity. Application of an antibody, directed against the CD147-Ig1 domain, displaces CAIX from the transporter and suppresses CAIX-mediated facilitation of proton-coupled lactate transport. In cancer cells, this "metabolon disruption" results in a decrease in lactate transport, reduced glycolysis, and ultimately reduced cell proliferation. Taken together, the study shows that carbonic anhydrases form transport metabolons with acid/base transporters in human tumor tissue and that these interactions can be exploited to interfere with tumor metabolism and proliferation.
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12
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Javaeed A, Ghauri SK. MCT4 has a potential to be used as a prognostic biomarker - a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncol Rev 2019; 13:403. [PMID: 31410246 PMCID: PMC6661531 DOI: 10.4081/oncol.2019.403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of several metabolic changes, such as hypoxia and acidosis, in the tumour environment has caught the attention of researchers in cancer progression and invasion. Lactate transport is one of the acidosis-enhancing processes that are mediated via monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the expression of two cancer-relevant MCTs (MCT1 and MCT4) and their potential prognostic significance in patients with metastasis of different types of cancer. Studies were included if they reported the number of metastatic tissue samples expressing either low or high levels of MCT1 and/or MCT4 or those revealing the hazard ratios (HRs) of the overall survival (OS) or disease-free survival (DFS) as prognostic indicators. During the period between 2010 and 2018, a total of 20 articles including 3831 patients (56.3% males) were identified. There was a significant association between MCT4 expression (high versus low) and lymph node metastasis [odds ratio (OR)=1.87, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.10-3.17, P=0.02] and distant metastasis (OR=2.18, 95%CI=1.65-2.86, P<0.001) and the correlation remained significant for colorectal and hepatic cancer in subgroup analysis. For survival analysis, patients with shorter OS periods exhibited a higher MCT4 expression [hazard ratio (HR)=1.78, 95%CI=1.49-2.13, P<0.001], while DFS was shorter in patients with high MCT1 (HR=1.48, 95%CI=1.04-2.10, P=0.03) and MCT4 expression (HR=1.70, 95%CI=1.19-2.42, P=0.003) when compared to their counterparts with low expression levels. Future research studies should consider the pharmacologic inhibition of MCT4 to effectively inhibit cancer progression to metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanniya Khan Ghauri
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Shifa International Hospital, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Long Y, Gao Z, Hu X, Xiang F, Wu Z, Zhang J, Han X, Yin L, Qin J, Lan L, Yin F, Wang Y. Downregulation of MCT4 for lactate exchange promotes the cytotoxicity of NK cells in breast carcinoma. Cancer Med 2018; 7:4690-4700. [PMID: 30051648 PMCID: PMC6143925 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 07/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocarboxylate transporter‐4 (MCT4), a monocarboxylic acid transporter, demonstrates significantly increased expression in the majority of malignancies. We performed an experiment using BALB/C mice, and our results showed that ShMCT4 transfection or the pharmaceutic inhibition of MCT4 with 7acc1 strengthens the activity of NK cells. The results of a calcein assay revealed that the cytotoxicity of NK cells was strengthened via inhibition of MCT4. In addition, ELISA testing showed that the content of perforin and CD107a was increased, and PCR amplification and immunoblotting revealed that the expression of NKG2D and H60 was upregulated after the inhibition of MCT4. Further, we observed an elevated pH value, decreased extracellular lactate flow, and attenuated tumor growth. Therefore, we concluded that the inhibition of MCT4 enhanced the cytotoxicity of NK cells by blocking lactate flux and reversing the acidified tumor microenvironment. In addition to these findings, we also discovered that MCT4 depletion may have a pronounced impact on autophagy, which was surmised by observing that the inhibition of autophagy (3MA) pulled the enhanced cytotoxicity of NK cells downwards. Together, these data suggest that the key effect of MCT4 depletion on NK cells probably utilizes inductive autophagy as a compensatory metabolic mechanism to minimize the acidic extracellular microenvironment associated with lactate export in tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Long
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zihe Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Hu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Xiang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhaozhen Wu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiahui Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Han
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liyong Yin
- First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Junfang Qin
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lan Lan
- Tianjin Cancer Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fuzai Yin
- First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao, Hebei, China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, NanKai University, Tianjin, China
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14
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Evaluation of Monocarboxylate Transporter 4 in Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Its Potential Use as a Diagnostic Marker. DISEASE MARKERS 2018; 2018:2649491. [PMID: 29854024 PMCID: PMC5964618 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2649491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4), encoded by SLC16A3 gene, is responsible for exporting lactic acid into the extracellular microenvironment, and an acidic microenvironment promotes cytokine production and remodels chronic inflammation, providing a link from glycolysis to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Objective The aim of this study is to explore the value of MCT4 as a potential biomarker in IBD. Methods The study group consisted of 39 cases with UC and 15 cases with CD. The centration of lactate level in serum was assessed by blood gas analysis, and MCT4 expression was analyzed by IHC. Results Lactate level was increased in the forty-three of 54 patients (79.6%) with IBD by blood gas analysis compared with normal level (P < 0.001), in line with the result that showed increased MCT4 expression in inflamed colonic mucosa analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Most importantly, abundance of MCT4 expression was significantly associated with mucosal inflammation, which could be a clinical prognosis marker. Conclusion The data suggested that increased lactate level in blood was possibly due to highly expressed MCT4 expression caused by inflammation in intestinal mucosal epithelial tissue, which could be a prognosis indicator of IBD in children.
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