1
|
Stępień AE, Trojniak J, Tabarkiewicz J. Health-Promoting Properties: Anti-Inflammatory and Anticancer Properties of Sambucus nigra L. Flowers and Fruits. Molecules 2023; 28:6235. [PMID: 37687064 PMCID: PMC10489118 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28176235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sambucus nigra L. has been used for centuries in traditional medicine thanks to its valuable healing properties. The healing properties result from its high content of biologically active compounds, mainly antioxidants, which contribute to its anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. In our review, we have presented scientific studies evaluating the anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects of extracts and their components from S. nigra L. flowers and fruits. The results of the research show that the effect of antioxidant phytochemicals contained in their composition reduces the level of free radicals and pro-inflammatory cytokines, prevents mutations that increase the risk of cancer development, and inhibits cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and changes in intracellular signaling, consequently inhibiting the growth of malignant tumors and the formation of metastases. Flowers and fruits of S. nigra L. are a valuable source of nutraceutical and pharmacological substances that can support prevention and anti-inflammatory and oncological therapy without negative side effects for the patient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Ewa Stępień
- Institute of Health Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
| | - Julia Trojniak
- Student’s Scientific Club Immunology, Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Jacek Tabarkiewicz
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland;
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Namakin K, Moghaddam MH, Sadeghzadeh S, Mehranpour M, Vakili K, Fathi M, Golshan A, Bayat AH, Tajik AH, Eskandari N, Mohammadzadeh I, Benisi SZ, Aliaghaei A, Abdollahifar MA. Elderberry diet improves gut-brain axis dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and cognitive impairment in the rat model of irritable bowel syndrome. Metab Brain Dis 2023; 38:1555-1572. [PMID: 36877342 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-023-01187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is related to a problem in the gut-brain axis. This experimental research aimed to shed light on the potential therapeutic application of elderberry (EB), which can work on the axis and get better the IBS symptoms. There were three groups (36 Sprague-Dawley rats) in this experiment, including control, IBS, and IBS with EB diet (IBS + EB). Making use of intracolonic instillation of 1 ml of 4% acetic acid for 30 s, IBS was induced. 7 days later, the EB extract (2%) was added to the diets of all animals for 8 weeks. Some histological, behavioral, and stereological techniques were used to detect the effects of EB on the gut and brain tissues. The findings showed that the EB diet improved locomotion and decreased anxiety-like behavior in the rat models of IBS. Moreover, the diet dropped the expression of TNF-α and increased mucosal layer thickness and the number of goblet and mast cells in colon tissue samples. In the hippocampal samples, administration of EB prevented astrogliosis and astrocyte reactivity. Although hippocampal and cortical neurons decreased markedly in the IBS group, EB prevented the drop in the number of neurons. Although lots of research is needed to elucidate the effectiveness of EB in IBS and its exact molecular mechanism, the result of this study showed that EB as an antioxidant and immune-modulatory agent could be a promising research target to prevent the impairment in the gut-brain axis, and could ameliorative classic IBS symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kosar Namakin
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Hassani Moghaddam
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Sadeghzadeh
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mehranpour
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kimia Vakili
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mobina Fathi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmadreza Golshan
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir-Hossein Bayat
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Sciences and Advanced Technology in Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Amir-Hossein Tajik
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Eskandari
- Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ibrahim Mohammadzadeh
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soheila Zamanlui Benisi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine Institute, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, 1385/768, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Aliaghaei
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad-Amin Abdollahifar
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman-Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Behind the Scenes of Anthocyanins-From the Health Benefits to Potential Applications in Food, Pharmaceutical and Cosmetic Fields. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235133. [PMID: 36501163 PMCID: PMC9738495 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are widespread and biologically active water-soluble phenolic pigments responsible for a wide range of vivid colours, from red (acidic conditions) to purplish blue (basic conditions), present in fruits, vegetables, and coloured grains. The pigments' stability and colours are influenced mainly by pH but also by structure, temperature, and light. The colour-stabilizing mechanisms of plants are determined by inter- and intramolecular co-pigmentation and metal complexation, driven by van der Waals, π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and metal-ligand interactions. This group of flavonoids is well-known to have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which explains the biological effects associated with them. Therefore, this review provides an overview of the role of anthocyanins as natural colorants, showing they are less harmful than conventional colorants, with several technological potential applications in different industrial fields, namely in the textile and food industries, as well as in the development of photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cells, as new photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy, pharmaceuticals, and in the cosmetic industry, mainly on the formulation of skin care formulations, sunscreen filters, nail colorants, skin & hair cleansing products, amongst others. In addition, we will unveil some of the latest studies about the health benefits of anthocyanins, mainly focusing on the protection against the most prevalent human diseases mediated by oxidative stress, namely cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and diabetes. The contribution of anthocyanins to visual health is also very relevant and will be briefly explored.
Collapse
|
4
|
Nistor M, Pop R, Daescu A, Pintea A, Socaciu C, Rugina D. Anthocyanins as Key Phytochemicals Acting for the Prevention of Metabolic Diseases: An Overview. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134254. [PMID: 35807504 PMCID: PMC9268666 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are water-soluble pigments present in fruits and vegetables, which render them an extensive range of colors. They have a wide distribution in the human diet, are innocuous, and, based on numerous studies, have supposed preventive and therapeutical benefits against chronic affections such as inflammatory, neurological, cardiovascular, digestive disorders, diabetes, and cancer, mostly due to their antioxidant action. Despite their great potential as pharmaceutical applications, they have a rather limited use because of their rather low stability to environmental variations. Their absorption was noticed to occur best in the stomach and small intestine, but the pH fluctuation of the digestive system impacts their rapid degradation. Urine excretion and tissue distribution also occur at low rates. The aim of this review is to highlight the chemical characteristics of anthocyanins and emphasize their weaknesses regarding bioavailability. It also targets to deliver an update on the recent advances in the involvement of anthocyanins in different pathologies with a focus on in vivo, in vitro, animal, and human clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Nistor
- Department of Agricultural Egineering Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (R.P.); (A.D.); (C.S.)
| | - Roxana Pop
- Department of Agricultural Egineering Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (R.P.); (A.D.); (C.S.)
| | - Adela Daescu
- Department of Agricultural Egineering Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (R.P.); (A.D.); (C.S.)
| | - Adela Pintea
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Department of Agricultural Egineering Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (R.P.); (A.D.); (C.S.)
| | - Dumitrita Rugina
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
de Arruda Nascimento E, de Lima Coutinho L, da Silva CJ, de Lima VLAG, Dos Santos Aguiar J. In vitro anticancer properties of anthocyanins: A systematic review. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188748. [PMID: 35714889 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins have been associated with beneficial effects on human health. Cancer has been one of the main public health issues due to its aggressiveness and high mortality rate. This systematic review aimed to address recent research (from January 2000 to September 2021) on the anticancer activity of anthocyanins assessed by in vitro assays. The selected studies revealed that anthocyanins have anticancer potential by inhibiting cancer cell viability and proliferation, controlling cell cycle, and promoting apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cleber José da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Department of Antibiotics, 50740-525 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Păltinean R, Ielciu I, Hanganu D, Niculae M, Pall E, Angenot L, Tits M, Mocan A, Babotă M, Frumuzachi O, Tămaş M, Crişan G, Frederich M. Biological Activities of Some Isoquinoline Alkaloids from Fumaria schleicheri Soy. Will. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1202. [PMID: 35567203 PMCID: PMC9105361 DOI: 10.3390/plants11091202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fumaria schleicheri Soy. Will. is a species belonging to the Papaveraceae family, being widespread in East-Central and Southern Europe. As with numerous other species of the genus, it is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of hepatobiliary and digestive disorders. The aim of the present study consisted of the evaluation of its alkaloid content and the assessment of its in vitro antioxidant, anti-cholinesterase and cytotoxic potential. Total alkaloid content in the composition of the species was quantified by a spectrophotometrical method and they were individually identified and quantified by HPLC-DAD. The antioxidant capacity was investigated by the DPPH and FRAP methods, while the anti-cholinesterase activity was assessed by an adapted Ellman's method. The in vitro cytotoxic activity was evaluated on BJ human fibroblasts and DLD-1 human colon adenocarcinoma cell lines. Results showed the presence of bicuculline, protopine, chelidonine, stylopine and sanguinarine, among which bicuculline, protopine, stylopine and sanguinarine were quantified, while the antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase assays showed valuable potentials. No cytotoxic effect was observed on BJ cell lines and selective cytotoxicity was expressed towards tumoral cells. In this context, F. schleicheri appears as an important medicinal species with significant potential of substitution with the officinal species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Păltinean
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (O.F.); (M.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Irina Ielciu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (O.F.); (M.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Daniela Hanganu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400010 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mihaela Niculae
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (E.P.)
| | - Emoke Pall
- Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (M.N.); (E.P.)
| | - Luc Angenot
- Center of Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (L.A.); (M.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Monique Tits
- Center of Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (L.A.); (M.T.); (M.F.)
| | - Andrei Mocan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (O.F.); (M.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Mihai Babotă
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (O.F.); (M.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Oleg Frumuzachi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (O.F.); (M.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Mircea Tămaş
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (O.F.); (M.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianina Crişan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (R.P.); (A.M.); (M.B.); (O.F.); (M.T.); (G.C.)
| | - Michel Frederich
- Center of Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; (L.A.); (M.T.); (M.F.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dumitraș DA, Andrei S. Recent Advances in the Antiproliferative and Proapoptotic Activity of Various Plant Extracts and Constituents against Murine Malignant Melanoma. Molecules 2022; 27:2585. [PMID: 35458783 PMCID: PMC9028509 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Although conventional medicine, chemical drug synthesis and pharmaceutical research are advancing at a rapid pace, nature remains a major supplier of biological molecules. Natural bioactive compounds are studied closely especially as an alternative to the limitations of conventional therapy in many diseases, melanoma being one of them. Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive type of cancer, and the current methods of treatment used are cryotherapy, external surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, biological therapy, and targeted drug therapy. Unfortunately, these treatment methods are often inefficient, extremely expensive and cause many side effects, which is why focusing on melanoma chemoprevention and adjuvant therapy with natural herbal phytoconstituents is an emerging strategy to prevent, cure or treat melanoma. This review aims to examine the latest discoveries in terms of potential natural bioactive compounds that possess important activity against the development and spread of murine melanoma cancer. In particular, the use of different phytochemicals such as phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, terpenoids, essential oils and carotenoids in vitro and in vivo models will be discussed. These data are helpful in guiding researchers in the direction of studying phytonutrients with important effects in the prevention and treatment of melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sanda Andrei
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Mănăştur no. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Bonesi M, Leporini M, Tenuta MC, Tundis R. The Role of Anthocyanins in Drug Discovery: Recent Developments. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2021; 17:286-298. [PMID: 30686260 DOI: 10.2174/1570163816666190125152931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural compounds have always played a key role in drug discovery. Anthocyanins are secondary metabolites belonging to the flavonoids family responsible for the purple, blue, and red colour of many vegetables and fruits. These phytochemicals have attracted the interest of researchers for their important implications in human health and for their use as natural colorants. Many in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated the potential effects of anthocyanins and anthocyanins-rich foods in the prevention and/or treatment of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This review reports the recent literature data and focuses on the potential role of anthocyanins in drug discovery. Their biological activity, analysis of structure-activity relationships, bioavailability, metabolism, and future prospects of their uses are critically described.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Bonesi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Mariarosaria Leporini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Maria C Tenuta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende (CS), Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pop TD, Diaconeasa Z. Recent Advances in Phenolic Metabolites and Skin Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:9707. [PMID: 34575899 PMCID: PMC8471058 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer represents any tumor development from the cutaneous structures within the epidermis, dermis or subcutaneous tissue, and is considered to be the most prevalent type of cancer. Compared to other types of cancer, skin cancer is proven to have a positive growth rate of prevalence and mortality. There are available various treatments, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiotherapy and targeted therapy, but because of the multidrug resistance development, a low success has been registered. By this, the importance of studying naturally occurring compounds that are both safe and effective in the chemoprevention of skin cancer is emphasized. This review focuses on melanoma because it is the deadliest form of skin cancer, with a significantly increasing incidence in the last decades. As chemopreventive agents, we present polyphenols and their antioxidant activity, anti-inflammatory effect, their ability to balance the cell cycle and to induce apoptosis and their various other effects on skin melanoma. Besides chemoprevention, studies suggest that polyphenols can have treating abilities in some conditions. The limitations of using polyphenols are also pointed out, which are related to their poor bioavailability and stability, but as the technology is well developed, it is possible to augment the efficacy of polyphenols in the case of melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zorita Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nistor M, Focsan M, Gaina L, Cenariu M, Pintea A, Socaciu C, Rugina D. Real-time fluorescence imaging of anthocyanins complexed with diphenylboric acid 2-aminoethyl inside B16-F10 melanoma cells. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2021; 189:112849. [PMID: 34182200 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2021.112849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanins (AN), natural compounds daily consumed by humans, have outstanding therapeutical potential if administered topically in melanoma pathology. However, the search for efficient therapy development is still in progress, owing to the lack of complete understanding of the AN intracellular path, once they are uptaken by the cells. This target is constrained by the need for an imaging strategy that would enable their intracellular detection and localization in-situ. In this light, diphenylboric acid 2-aminoethyl (DPBA), a non-fluorescent reagent, was here successfully used to form fluorescent complexes with AN. The AN used are the cyanidin aglycon as a free standard molecule (CY), and the glycosylated compounds, extracted and purified from chokeberry fruits (AE). In solution, it was observed that the fluorescence emission increased by 39% (CY@DPBA), and by 34% (AE@DPBA), which concludes that AN form fluorescent complexes with DPBA (CY@DPBA and AE@DPBA). In addition, using NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) spectroscopy, and HRMS (high-resolution mass spectrometry) analysis, the structure of the CY@DPBA complex was efficiently elucidated. In-vitro experiments showed that the complexes formed after the treatment proved to be non-toxic on B16-F10 cells. The sub-cellular visualization of all AN was monitored by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry, demonstrating detectable signals of the non-metabolized CY and glycosylated CY inside melanoma cells. This study reports that the use of DPBA to image AN intracellularly is a sensitive, non-invasive and successful method that can extend its application in broad fields like drug development or metabolism-associated mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madalina Nistor
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Science and Food Technology, Manastur Street 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, 400372, Romania
| | - Monica Focsan
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, Treboniu Laurean Street 42, Cluj-Napoca, 400271, Romania
| | - Luiza Gaina
- Babes-Bolyai University, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Arany János Street 11, Cluj-Napoca, 400028, Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, 400372, Romania
| | - Adela Pintea
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, 400372, Romania
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Science and Food Technology, Manastur Street 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, 400372, Romania
| | - Dumitrita Rugina
- University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Manastur Street 3-5, Cluj-Napoca, 400372, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Matboli M, Hasanin AH, Hussein R, El-Nakeep S, Habib EK, Ellackany R, Saleh LA. Cyanidin 3-glucoside modulated cell cycle progression in liver precancerous lesion, in vivo study. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:1435-1450. [PMID: 33911466 PMCID: PMC8047539 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i14.1435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (cyan) exhibits antioxidant and anticancer properties. The cell cycle proteins and antimitotic drugs might be promising therapeutic targets in hepatocellular carcinoma.
AIM To investigate the effect of cyan administration on cell cycle in hepatic precancerous lesion (PCL) induced by diethylnitrosamine/2-acetylaminofluorene (DEN/2-AAF) in Wistar rats.
METHODS In vivo, DEN/2-AAF-induced hepatic PCL, rats were treated with three doses of cyan (10, 15, and 20 mg/kg/d, for four consecutive days per week for 16 wk). Blood and liver tissue samples were collected for measurement of the followings; alpha fetoprotein (AFP) liver function and RNA panel differential expression was evaluated via real time polymerase chain reaction. Histopathological examination of liver sections stained with H&E and immunohistochemical study using glutathione S-transferase placental (GSTP) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies were assessed.
RESULTS Cyan administration mitigated the effect of DEN/2-AFF induced PCL, decreased AFP levels, and improved liver function. Remarkably, treatment with cyan dose dependently decreased the long non-coding RNA MALAT1 and tubulin gamma 1 mRNA expressions and increased the levels of miR-125b, all of which are involved in cell cycle and mitotic spindle assembly. Of note, cyan decreased GSTP foci percent area and PCNA positively stained nuclei.
CONCLUSION Our results indicated that cyan could be used as a potential therapeutic agent to inhibit liver carcinogenesis in rat model via modulation of cell cycle.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Matboli
- Department of Biochemistry, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11318, Egypt
| | - Amany H Hasanin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Reham Hussein
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Sarah El-Nakeep
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Eman K Habib
- Department of Anatomy & Embryology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11318, Egypt
| | - Rawan Ellackany
- Department of Undergraduate, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology and Information, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| | - Lobna A Saleh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Ain Shams Faculty of Medicine, Cairo 11381, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Filip GA, Florea A, Olteanu D, Clichici S, David L, Moldovan B, Cenariu M, Scrobota I, Potara M, Baldea I. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Sambucus nigra L. fruit extract for targeting cell death in oral dysplastic cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 123:111974. [PMID: 33812602 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The study aims to evaluate the impact of silver nanoparticles, phytosynthesized with polyphenols from Sambucus nigra L. (SN) fruit extract (AgSN), on dysplastic oral keratinocytes (DOK) and human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) in terms of cell viability and apoptosis. The morphology and ultrastructure of treated cells as well as the mechanisms involved in cell death induction were investigated in DOK cultures. The structure of AgSN was studied by using the appropriate analysis tools such as UV-Vis, transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential assessment. DOK and HGF were treated either with silver nanoparticles capped with Sambucus nigra L. extract or with SN extract. Untreated cells were used as controls. Viability was determined by MTS assay. Transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) was used to evaluate the intracellular localization of the nanoparticles at 4 and 24 h. Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining and the expressions of p53, BAX, BCL2, NFkB, phosphorylated NFkB (pNFkB), pan AKT, pan phosphoAKT, LC3B and ɣH2AX were evaluated to quantify the cell death. ELISA measurements of TNF-α and TRAIL was used for the study of the inflammatory response. Oxidative stress damage induced by nanoparticles was assessed by the malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Silver nanoparticles stimulated HGF proliferation and significantly diminished DOK viability at doses higher than 20 μg/ml. TEM analysis demonstrated the internalization of silver nanoparticles and showed ultrastructural changes of cells such as the appearance of vacuoles, autophagosomes, endosomes. AgSN inhibited the pro-survival molecules and regulators of apoptosis, diminished oxidative stress and inflammation and induced cell death through various mechanisms: necrosis, autophagy and DNA lesions. SN extract had antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect and increased the DNA lesions and autophagy in DOK cells. Silver nanoparticles protected the normal cells and induced cell death in dysplastic cells by different mechanisms thus offering beneficial effects in the treatment of oral dysplasia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Adriana Filip
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Florea
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Olteanu
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simona Clichici
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Luminita David
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Bianca Moldovan
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Animal Reproduction, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Scrobota
- Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Monica Potara
- Nanobiophotonics and Laser Microspectroscopy Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute in Bio-Nano-Sciences, "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Baldea
- Department of Physiology, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Diaconeasa Z, Știrbu I, Xiao J, Leopold N, Ayvaz Z, Danciu C, Ayvaz H, Stǎnilǎ A, Nistor M, Socaciu C. Anthocyanins, Vibrant Color Pigments, and Their Role in Skin Cancer Prevention. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E336. [PMID: 32916849 PMCID: PMC7555344 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8090336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Until today, numerous studies evaluated the topic of anthocyanins and various types of cancer, regarding the anthocyanins' preventative and inhibitory effects, underlying molecular mechanisms, and such. However, there is no targeted review available regarding the anticarcinogenic effects of dietary anthocyanins on skin cancers. If diagnosed at the early stages, the survival rate of skin cancer is quite high. Nevertheless, the metastatic form has a short prognosis. In fact, the incidence of melanoma skin cancer, the type with high mortality, has increased exponentially over the last 30 years, causing the majority of skin cancer deaths. Malignant melanoma is considered a highly destructive type of skin cancer due to its particular capacity to grow and spread faster than any other type of cancers. Plants, in general, have been used in disease treatment for a long time, and medicinal plants are commonly a part of anticancer drugs on the market. Accordingly, this work primarily aims to emphasize the most recent improvements on the anticarcinogenic effects of anthocyanins from different plant sources, with an in-depth emphasis on melanoma skin cancer. We also briefly summarized the anthocyanin chemistry, their rich dietary sources in flowers, fruits, and vegetables, as well as their associated potential health benefits. Additionally, the importance of anthocyanins in topical applications such as their use in cosmetics is also given.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zorița Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ioana Știrbu
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China;
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Nicolae Leopold
- Faculty of Physics, Babeș-Bolyai University, Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Zayde Ayvaz
- Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, Department of Marine Technology Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17100 Canakkale, Turkey;
| | - Corina Danciu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Huseyin Ayvaz
- Department of Food Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey;
| | - Andreea Stǎnilǎ
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Mǎdǎlina Nistor
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Carmen Socaciu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.S.); (M.N.); (C.S.)
- Institute of Life Sciences, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăştur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cai J, Zeng F, Zheng S, Huang X, Zhang J, Zhang P, Fei P. Preparation of Lipid-Soluble Bilberry Anthocyanins through Acylation with Cinnamic Acids and their Antioxidation Activities. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:7467-7473. [PMID: 32551628 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To enable the use of anthocyanins in food with high oil content, bilberry anthocyanins were acylated with cinnamic acids to address their poor lipid solubility. Structural analyses based on Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance analyses indicated that cinnamic acids were efficiently grafted onto 6-OH of glucoside and galactoside and 5-OH of arabinose through an esterification reaction. The higher the dose of the acylating agent, the higher the acylation degree (AD) and the lower the total anthocyanidin content (TAC) of bilberry anthocyanins. An-Ci4 presented the highest AD value (6.61%), and An-Ci3 exhibited the lowest TAC value (50.16 mg/g). After acylating with lipophilic cinnamic acids, the lipid solubility of acylated bilberry anthocyanins significantly improved. The color of the native bilberry anthocyanin solution dissolved in ethyl acetate and dioxane was transparent. By contrast, the acylated anthocyanin solution dissolved in these solvents was unmistakably red. In terms of the antioxidant activity, acylated bilberry anthocyanins demonstrated inferior performance in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) clearance but a better inhibition ratio in β-carotene bleaching assay compared with native bilberry anthocyanins. As AD value increased, the DPPH clearance of acylated anthocyanins decreased and their inhibition ratio increased in β-carotene bleaching assay.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Cai
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Transformation of Agricultural Products, School of Food Science and Engineering, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, P. R. China
| | - Fansen Zeng
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Characteristics Garden Plants Resource in Fujian and Taiwan, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
| | - Shiyu Zheng
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Characteristics Garden Plants Resource in Fujian and Taiwan, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxue Huang
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Characteristics Garden Plants Resource in Fujian and Taiwan, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Characteristics Garden Plants Resource in Fujian and Taiwan, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
| | - Ping Zhang
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Characteristics Garden Plants Resource in Fujian and Taiwan, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
| | - Peng Fei
- School of Biological Science and Biotechnology, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Characteristics Garden Plants Resource in Fujian and Taiwan, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Cyanidin Chloride Induces Apoptosis by Inhibiting NF-κB Signaling through Activation of Nrf2 in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040285. [PMID: 32230772 PMCID: PMC7222181 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide and a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in developed countries. Anthocyanins are a class of flavonoids, widely distributed in food, exhibiting important biological effects. Cyanidin chloride (CyCl) is the common type of anthocyanin with antioxidative and anti-inflammatory potential. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the chemotherapeutic effects of CyCl in colorectal cancer cells. We found that CyCl treatment induced apoptosis as well as a significant inhibition of cellular proliferation and colony formation in three colon cancer HCT116, HT29, and SW620 cells. In addition, CyCl suppressed nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling and induced the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α)-stimulated colon cancer cells. Nrf2 and NF-κB are two key transcription factors regulating antioxidative responses and cellular proliferation, respectively. In this study, knockdown of Nrf2 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection inhibited the effect of CyCl on NF-κB signaling and apoptosis, suggesting that there is functional crosstalk between Nrf2 and NF-κB. Our findings demonstrate the important role of Nrf2 in inducing apoptosis through the involvement of NF-κB signaling in colorectal cancer cells, suggesting that CyCl may be used as a potential therapeutic agent for CRC.
Collapse
|
16
|
Liu M, Du Y, Li H, Wang L, Ponikwicka-Tyszko D, Lebiedzinska W, Pilaszewicz-Puza A, Liu H, Zhou L, Fan H, Wang M, You H, Wolczynnski S, Rahman N, Guo YD, Li X. Cyanidin-3-o-Glucoside Pharmacologically Inhibits Tumorigenesis via Estrogen Receptor β in Melanoma Mice. Front Oncol 2019; 9:1110. [PMID: 31696058 PMCID: PMC6817467 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2019.01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Expression patterns of estrogen receptors [ERα, ERβ, and G-protein associated ER (GPER)] in melanoma and skin may suggest their differential roles in carcinogenesis. Phytoestrogenic compound cyanidin-3-o-glucoside (C3G) has been shown to inhibit the growth and metastatic potential of melanoma, although the underlying molecular mechanism remains unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of action of C3G in melanoma in vitro and in vivo, as well as to characterize the functional expressions of ERs in melanoma. In normal skin or melanoma (n = 20/each), no ERα protein was detectable, whereas expression of ERβ was high in skin but weak focal or negative in melanoma; and finally high expression of GPER in all skin vs. 50% melanoma tissues (10/20) was found. These results correspond with our analysis of the melanoma survival rates (SRs) from Human Protein Atlas and The Cancer Genome Atlas GDC (362 patients), where low ERβ expression in melanoma correlate with a poor relapse-free survival, and no correlations were observed between SRs and ERα or GPER expression in melanoma. Furthermore, we demonstrated that C3G treatment arrested the cell cycle at the G2/M phase by targeting cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and promoted apoptosis via ERβ in both mouse and human melanoma cell lines, and inhibited melanoma cell growth in vivo. Our study suggested that C3G elicits an agonistic effect toward ERβ signaling enhancement, which may serve as a potential novel therapeutic and preventive approach for melanoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Pathology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yaqi Du
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Haiwen Li
- State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Donata Ponikwicka-Tyszko
- Department of Biology and Pathology of Human Reproduction, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Weronika Lebiedzinska
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agata Pilaszewicz-Puza
- Department of Medical Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Huijiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lijun Zhou
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hanlu Fan
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hua You
- State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Slawomir Wolczynnski
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Nafis Rahman
- Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Yang-Dong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of the Agro-Biotechnology, College of Horticultural Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.,Affiliated Cancer Hospital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Pickart L, Margolina A. Regenerative and Protective Actions of the GHK-Cu Peptide in the Light of the New Gene Data. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071987. [PMID: 29986520 PMCID: PMC6073405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human peptide GHK (glycyl-l-histidyl-l-lysine) has multiple biological actions, all of which, according to our current knowledge, appear to be health positive. It stimulates blood vessel and nerve outgrowth, increases collagen, elastin, and glycosaminoglycan synthesis, as well as supports the function of dermal fibroblasts. GHK’s ability to improve tissue repair has been demonstrated for skin, lung connective tissue, boney tissue, liver, and stomach lining. GHK has also been found to possess powerful cell protective actions, such as multiple anti-cancer activities and anti-inflammatory actions, lung protection and restoration of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) fibroblasts, suppression of molecules thought to accelerate the diseases of aging such as NFκB, anti-anxiety, anti-pain and anti-aggression activities, DNA repair, and activation of cell cleansing via the proteasome system. Recent genetic data may explain such diverse protective and healing actions of one molecule, revealing multiple biochemical pathways regulated by GHK.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Loren Pickart
- R&D Skin Biology; 4122 Factoria Boulevard SE, Suite Number 200, Bellevue, WA 98006, USA.
| | - Anna Margolina
- R&D Skin Biology; 4122 Factoria Boulevard SE, Suite Number 200, Bellevue, WA 98006, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Intuyod K, Priprem A, Pairojkul C, Hahnvajanawong C, Vaeteewoottacharn K, Pinlaor P, Pinlaor S. Anthocyanin complex exerts anti-cholangiocarcinoma activities and improves the efficacy of drug treatment in a gemcitabine-resistant cell line. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1715-1726. [PMID: 29512768 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a deleterious bile duct tumor with poor prognosis and is relatively resistant to chemotherapy. Therefore, alternative or supplementary agents with anticancer and chemosensitizing activities may be useful for the treatment of CCA. A novel anthocyanin complex (AC) nanoparticle, developed from extracts of cobs of purple waxy corn and petals of blue butterfly pea, has exhibited chemopreventive potential in vivo. In the present study, the anti-CCA activities of AC and their underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated further in vitro using a CCA cell line (KKU213). The potential use of AC as a chemosensitizer was also evaluated in a gemcitabine-resistant CCA cell line (KKU214GemR). It was demonstrated that AC treatment suppressed proliferation of KKU213 CCA cells in dose- and time-dependent manners. AC treatment also induced apoptosis and mitochondrial superoxide production, decreased clonogenicity of CCA cells, and downregulated forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and pro-survival protein B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2). The expression of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-response proteins, including protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase, phosphorylated eIF2α, eukaryotic initiation factor 2α and activating transcription factor 4, also decreased following AC treatment. It was also identified that AC treatment inhibited KKU214GemR cell proliferation in dose- and time-dependent manners. Co-treatment of KKU214GemR cells with low doses of AC together with gemcitabine significantly enhanced efficacy of the latter against this cell line. Therefore, it is suggested that AC treatment is cytotoxic to KKU213 cells, possibly via downregulation of FOXM1, NF-κB, Bcl-2 and the ER stress response, and by induction of mitochondrial superoxide production. AC also sensitizes KKU214GemR to gemcitabine treatment, which may have potential for overcoming drug resistance of CCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kitti Intuyod
- Biomedical Science Program, Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Aroonsri Priprem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chawalit Pairojkul
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Chariya Hahnvajanawong
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Kulthida Vaeteewoottacharn
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Porntip Pinlaor
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| | - Somchai Pinlaor
- Cholangiocarcinoma Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|