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Perez-Junkera G, Ruiz de Azua L, Vázquez-Polo M, Lasa A, Fernandez Gil MP, Txurruka I, Navarro V, Larretxi I. Global Approach to Follow-Up of Celiac Disease. Foods 2024; 13:1449. [PMID: 38790748 PMCID: PMC11119929 DOI: 10.3390/foods13101449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder induced by the ingestion of gluten, affects approximately 1.4% of the population. Gluten damages the villi of the small intestine, producing symptoms such as abdominal pain, bloating and a subsequent loss of nutrient absorption, causing destabilization of the nutritional status. Moreover, gluten can trigger extra intestinal symptoms, such as asthma or dermatitis, but also mental disorders such as depression or anxiety. Moreover, people suffering from celiac disease sometimes feel misunderstood by society, mainly due to the lack of knowledge about the disease and the gluten-free diet. Thus, the treatment and follow-up of patients with celiac disease should be approached from different perspectives, such as the following: (1) a clinical perspective: symptomatology and dietary adherence monitorization; (2) nutritional assessment: dietary balance achievement; (3) psychological assistance: mental disorders avoidance; and (4) social inclusion: educating society about celiac disease in order to avoid isolation of those with celiac disease. The aim of this narrative review is to gain deep insight into the different strategies that currently exist in order to work on each of these perspectives and to clarify how the complete approach of celiac disease follow-up should be undertaken so that the optimum quality of life of this collective is reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesala Perez-Junkera
- GLUTEN3S Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (G.P.-J.); (L.R.d.A.); (M.V.-P.); (M.P.F.G.); (I.T.); (V.N.); (I.L.)
- Children’s National Hospital 111 Michigan Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA
- Bioaraba, Nutrición y Seguridad Alimentaria, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Lorea Ruiz de Azua
- GLUTEN3S Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (G.P.-J.); (L.R.d.A.); (M.V.-P.); (M.P.F.G.); (I.T.); (V.N.); (I.L.)
| | - Maialen Vázquez-Polo
- GLUTEN3S Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (G.P.-J.); (L.R.d.A.); (M.V.-P.); (M.P.F.G.); (I.T.); (V.N.); (I.L.)
- Bioaraba, Nutrición y Seguridad Alimentaria, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Arrate Lasa
- GLUTEN3S Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (G.P.-J.); (L.R.d.A.); (M.V.-P.); (M.P.F.G.); (I.T.); (V.N.); (I.L.)
- Bioaraba, Nutrición y Seguridad Alimentaria, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - María Pilar Fernandez Gil
- GLUTEN3S Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (G.P.-J.); (L.R.d.A.); (M.V.-P.); (M.P.F.G.); (I.T.); (V.N.); (I.L.)
| | - Itziar Txurruka
- GLUTEN3S Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (G.P.-J.); (L.R.d.A.); (M.V.-P.); (M.P.F.G.); (I.T.); (V.N.); (I.L.)
- Bioaraba, Nutrición y Seguridad Alimentaria, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Virginia Navarro
- GLUTEN3S Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (G.P.-J.); (L.R.d.A.); (M.V.-P.); (M.P.F.G.); (I.T.); (V.N.); (I.L.)
- Bioaraba, Nutrición y Seguridad Alimentaria, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Idoia Larretxi
- GLUTEN3S Research Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain; (G.P.-J.); (L.R.d.A.); (M.V.-P.); (M.P.F.G.); (I.T.); (V.N.); (I.L.)
- Bioaraba, Nutrición y Seguridad Alimentaria, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Centro Integral de Atención a Mayores San Prudencio, Ayuntamiento de Vitoria-Gasteiz, 01006 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
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2
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Tran T, Senger S, Baldassarre M, Brosnan RA, Cristofori F, Crocco M, De Santis S, Elli L, Faherty CS, Francavilla R, Goodchild-Michelman I, Kenyon VA, Leonard MM, Lima RS, Malerba F, Montuori M, Morelli A, Norsa L, Passaro T, Piemontese P, Reed JC, Sansotta N, Valitutti F, Zomorrodi AR, Fasano A. Novel Bacteroides Vulgatus strain protects against gluten-induced break of human celiac gut epithelial homeostasis: a pre-clinical proof-of-concept study. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1254-1264. [PMID: 38177249 PMCID: PMC11035120 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-023-02960-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS We have identified a decreased abundance of microbial species known to have a potential anti-inflammatory, protective effect in subjects that developed Celiac Disease (CeD) compared to those who did not. We aim to confirm the potential protective role of one of these species, namely Bacteroides vulgatus, and to mechanistically establish the effect of bacterial bioproducts on gluten-dependent changes on human gut epithelial functions. METHODS We identified, isolated, cultivated, and sequenced a unique novel strain (20220303-A2) of B. vulgatus found only in control subjects. Using a human gut organoid system developed from pre-celiac patients, we monitored epithelial phenotype and innate immune cytokines at baseline, after exposure to gliadin, or gliadin plus B. vulgatus cell free supernatant (CFS). RESULTS Following gliadin exposure, we observed increases in epithelial cell death, epithelial monolayer permeability, and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. These effects were mitigated upon exposure to B. vulgatus 20220303-A2 CFS, which had matched phenotype gene product mutations. These protective effects were mediated by epigenetic reprogramming of the organoids treated with B. vulgatus CFS. CONCLUSIONS We identified a unique strain of B. vulgatus that may exert a beneficial role by protecting CeD epithelium against a gluten-induced break of epithelial tolerance through miRNA reprogramming. IMPACT Gut dysbiosis precedes the onset of celiac disease in genetically at-risk infants. This dysbiosis is characterized by the loss of protective bacterial strains in those children who will go on to develop celiac disease. The paper reports the mechanism by which one of these protective strains, B. vulgatus, ameliorates the gluten-induced break of gut epithelial homeostasis by epigenetically re-programming the target intestinal epithelium involving pathways controlling permeability, immune response, and cell turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Tran
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stefania Senger
- Center for Scientific Review, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Rachel A Brosnan
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fernanda Cristofori
- Pediatric Unit "Bruno Trambusti", Osp Pediatrico Giovanni XXIII, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marco Crocco
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Ospedale Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania De Santis
- Digestive Health Research Institute, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Pathology, Case Western University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Luca Elli
- Celiac Disease Referral Center, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Christina S Faherty
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ruggero Francavilla
- Pediatric Unit "Bruno Trambusti", Osp Pediatrico Giovanni XXIII, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Isabella Goodchild-Michelman
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Victoria A Kenyon
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Maureen M Leonard
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Mass General for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rosiane S Lima
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Federica Malerba
- Department of Pediatrics, IRCCS Ospedale Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Monica Montuori
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Morelli
- Pediatric Training Program, University of Salerno School of Medicine, Salerno, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Norsa
- Pediatric Hepatology Gastroenterology and Transplant Unit, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Tiziana Passaro
- Celiac Disease Referral Center, "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona" University Hospital, Pole of Cava de' Tirreni, Salerno, Italy
| | - Pasqua Piemontese
- NICU, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - James C Reed
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Mass General for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naire Sansotta
- Pediatric Hepatology Gastroenterology and Transplant Unit, Ospedale Papa Giovanni XXIII Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy
| | - Francesco Valitutti
- Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Santobono-Pausilipon Children's Hospital, Naples, Italy
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
| | - Ali R Zomorrodi
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Alessio Fasano
- Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Mass General for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
- European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno, Salerno, Italy.
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Pelizzaro F, Cardin R, Sarasini G, Minotto M, Carlotto C, Fassan M, Palo M, Farinati F, Zingone F. Crosstalk between MicroRNAs and Oxidative Stress in Coeliac Disease. Inflamm Intest Dis 2024; 9:11-21. [PMID: 38298886 PMCID: PMC10827301 DOI: 10.1159/000536107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, non-coding RNA molecules involved in regulating gene expression. Many studies, mostly conducted on pediatric patients, suggested that oxidative stress and several miRNAs may play an important role in coeliac disease (CeD) pathogenesis. However, the interplay between oxidative stress and miRNA regulatory functions in CeD remains to be clarified. In this review, we aimed to perform a literature review on the role of miRNAs and oxidative stress in adult CeD patients and to analyze their potential interactions. In this direction, we also reported the preliminary results of a pilot study we recently performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Pelizzaro
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Romilda Cardin
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Sarasini
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Milena Minotto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Chiara Carlotto
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Fassan
- Department of Medicine (DIMED), Surgical Pathology Unit, University of Padua, Padua, Italy
- Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV, IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Michela Palo
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabio Farinati
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Fabiana Zingone
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università di Padova, Padua, Italy
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Bovari-Biri J, Garai K, Banfai K, Csongei V, Pongracz JE. miRNAs as Predictors of Barrier Integrity. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040422. [PMID: 37185497 PMCID: PMC10136429 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The human body has several barriers that protect its integrity and shield it from mechanical, chemical, and microbial harm. The various barriers include the skin, intestinal and respiratory epithelia, blood-brain barrier (BBB), and immune system. In the present review, the focus is on the physical barriers that are formed by cell layers. The barrier function is influenced by the molecular microenvironment of the cells forming the barriers. The integrity of the barrier cell layers is maintained by the intricate balance of protein expression that is partly regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) both in the intracellular space and the extracellular microenvironment. The detection of changes in miRNA patterns has become a major focus of diagnostic, prognostic, and disease progression, as well as therapy-response, markers using a great variety of detection systems in recent years. In the present review, we highlight the importance of liquid biopsies in assessing barrier integrity and challenges in differential miRNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Bovari-Biri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Kitti Garai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Banfai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Veronika Csongei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Judit E Pongracz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
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5
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Asri N, Fallah S, Rostami-Nejad M, Fallah Z, Khanlari-Kochaksaraei M, Jafari-Marandi S, Forouzesh F, Shahrokh S, Jahani-Sherafat S, Zali MR. The role of mir-197-3p in regulating the tight junction permeability of celiac disease patients under gluten free diet. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2007-2014. [PMID: 36536183 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08147-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Celiac disease (CD) is a hereditary immune-mediated disorder, which is along with the enormous production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and the reduced level of tight junction proteins. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, Occludin, miR-122-5p and miR-197-3p genes in duodenal biopsies of treated CD patients in comparison to the controls. METHODS AND RESULTS Biopsy specimens were taken from the duodenum of 50 treated CD patients (36 (72%) females and 14 (28%) males with mean age of 37.06 ± 7.02 years) and 50 healthy controls (17 (34%) females and 33 (66%) males with mean age of 34.12 ± 4.9). Total RNA was isolated, cDNA was synthesized and mRNA expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, Occludin, miR-122-5p and miR-197-3p were quantified by relative qPCR using B2M and U6 as internal control genes. All data were evaluated using SPSS (V.21) and GraphPad Prism (V.5). Our results showed that there was no significant difference between patients and controls for intestinal mRNA expression of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-18, Occludin, and miR-122-5p (p > 0.05) and the expression of miR-197-3p was significantly increased in CD patients relative to control subjects (p = 0.049). CONCLUSION This study suggests that adherence to GFD may have a positive effect on the tight junction (TJ) permeability and in this process, miR-197-3p plays an important role. Increased expression of miR-197-3p with a final protective effect on Occludin expression can be further studied as a complement therapeutic target for Celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nastaran Asri
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shayan Fallah
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717411, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717411, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Zahra Fallah
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Khanlari-Kochaksaraei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayeh Jafari-Marandi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Flora Forouzesh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Shahrokh
- Basic and Molecular Epidemiology of Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Somayeh Jahani-Sherafat
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Zali
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 1985717411, Tehran, Iran
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Efthymakis K, Bologna G, Simeone P, Pierdomenico L, Catitti G, Vespa S, Milano A, De Bellis D, Laterza F, Pandolfi A, Pipino C, Sallese M, Marchisio M, Miscia S, Neri M, Lanuti P. Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Are Increased in Newly Diagnosed Celiac Disease Patients. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010071. [PMID: 36615729 PMCID: PMC9824360 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a class of circulating entities that are involved in intercellular crosstalk mechanisms, participating in homeostasis maintenance, and diseases. Celiac disease is a gluten-triggered immune-mediated disorder, characterized by the inflammatory insult of the enteric mucosa following local lymphocytic infiltration, resulting in villous atrophy. The goal of this research was the assessment and characterization of circulating EVs in celiac disease patients, as well as in patients already on an adequate gluten-free regimen (GFD). For this purpose, a novel and validated technique based on polychromatic flow cytometry that allowed the identification and enumeration of different EV sub-phenotypes was applied. The analysis evidenced that the total, annexin V+, leukocyte (CD45+), and platelet (CD41a+) EV counts were significantly higher in both newly diagnosed celiac disease patients and patients under GFD compared with the healthy controls. Endothelial-derived (CD31+) and epithelial-derived (EpCAM+) EV counts were significantly lower in subjects under gluten exclusion than in celiac disease patients, although EpCAM+ EVs maintained higher counts than healthy subjects. The numbers of EpCAM+ EVs were a statistically significant predictor of intraepithelial leukocytes (IEL). These data demonstrate that EVs could represent novel and potentially powerful disease-specific biomarkers in the context of celiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Efthymakis
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Digestive Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Unit, SS Annunziata Hospital, ASL2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Bologna
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Pasquale Simeone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Pierdomenico
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Giulia Catitti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Vespa
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Angelo Milano
- Digestive Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Unit, SS Annunziata Hospital, ASL2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Domenico De Bellis
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesco Laterza
- Digestive Endoscopy and Gastroenterology Unit, SS Annunziata Hospital, ASL2 Abruzzo, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Assunta Pandolfi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Caterina Pipino
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Michele Sallese
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Sebastiano Miscia
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Neri
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (C.A.S.T.), University “G. d’Annunzio”, Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Sarshar M, Scribano D, Palamara AT, Ambrosi C, Masotti A. The Acinetobacter baumannii model can explain the role of small non-coding RNAs as potential mediators of host-pathogen interactions. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1088783. [PMID: 36619166 PMCID: PMC9810633 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1088783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial small RNAs (sRNAs) research has accelerated over the past decade, boosted by advances in RNA-seq technologies and methodologies for capturing both protein-RNA and RNA-RNA interactions. The emerging picture is that these regulatory sRNAs play important roles in controlling complex physiological processes and are required to survive the antimicrobial challenge. In recent years, the RNA content of OMVs/EVs has also gained increasing attention, particularly in the context of infection. Secreted RNAs from several bacterial pathogens have been characterized but the exact mechanisms promoting pathogenicity remain elusive. In this review, we briefly discuss how secreted sRNAs interact with targets in infected cells, thus representing a novel perspective of host cell manipulation during bacterial infection. During the last decade, Acinetobacter baumannii became clinically relevant emerging pathogens responsible for nosocomial and community-acquired infections. Therefore, we also summarize recent findings of regulation by sRNAs in A. baumannii and discuss how this emerging bacterium utilizes many of these sRNAs to adapt to its niche and become successful human pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Sarshar
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Meysam Sarshar, ; Andrea Masotti,
| | - Daniela Scribano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy,Department of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Ambrosi
- Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy,IRCCS San Raffaele Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy,*Correspondence: Meysam Sarshar, ; Andrea Masotti,
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8
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Makharia GK, Chauhan A, Singh P, Ahuja V. Review article: Epidemiology of coeliac disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2022; 56 Suppl 1:S3-S17. [PMID: 35815830 DOI: 10.1111/apt.16787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coeliac disease is an immune-mediated disease caused by ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Coeliac disease has been thought to affect mainly people of European origin but subsequently many studies revealed that it affects people living in North America, Oceania, South America, Asia as well as Africa. The global pooled seroprevalence and prevalence of biopsy-confirmed coeliac disease are 1.4% and 0.7% respectively. The pooled incidence rates in women and men are 17.4 (95% CI: 13.7-21.1) and 7.8 (95% CI: 6.3-9.2) per 100 000 person-years respectively. The systematic reviews, based on many population-based data, suggest that both the prevalence and the incidence of coeliac disease has increased over past three decades, which may be attributable not only to an increase in the detection rate (improvement in diagnostic tests, simplification of diagnostic criteria and increase in awareness about the disease) but also because of modernisation and globalisation related changes in the dietary practices including increase in the use of convenience food and dietary gluten. In addition to genetic factors, while there are many environmental risk factors, including age at the first introduction of gluten, breastfeeding, caesarean section, exposure to antibiotics and gut microbiome; the amount of gluten ingestion during early part of life, however, has been shown to increase the risk of coeliac disease, and this is relevant from the point of view of primary prevention. In this review, we have reviewed and summarised the literature, up till year 2021, related to the global and continent-wise epidemiology and risk factors associated with coeliac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish Chauhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Indira Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Shimla, India
| | - Prashant Singh
- Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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9
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Paolini A, Baldassarre A, Bruno SP, Felli C, Muzi C, Ahmadi Badi S, Siadat SD, Sarshar M, Masotti A. Improving the Diagnostic Potential of Extracellular miRNAs Coupled to Multiomics Data by Exploiting the Power of Artificial Intelligence. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:888414. [PMID: 35756065 PMCID: PMC9218639 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.888414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the clinical use of extracellular miRNAs as potential biomarkers of disease has increasingly emerged as a new and powerful tool. Serum, urine, saliva and stool contain miRNAs that can exert regulatory effects not only in surrounding epithelial cells but can also modulate bacterial gene expression, thus acting as a “master regulator” of many biological processes. We think that in order to have a holistic picture of the health status of an individual, we have to consider comprehensively many “omics” data, such as miRNAs profiling form different parts of the body and their interactions with cells and bacteria. Moreover, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms coupled to other multiomics data (i.e., big data) could help researchers to classify better the patient’s molecular characteristics and drive clinicians to identify personalized therapeutic strategies. Here, we highlight how the integration of “multiomic” data (i.e., miRNAs profiling and microbiota signature) with other omics (i.e., metabolomics, exposomics) analyzed by AI algorithms could improve the diagnostic and prognostic potential of specific biomarkers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Paolini
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefania Paola Bruno
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy.,Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Felli
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chantal Muzi
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Ahmadi Badi
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Davar Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Mycobacteriology and Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Meysam Sarshar
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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10
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Bianchi N, Doneda L, Elli L, Taccioli C, Vaira V, Scricciolo A, Lombardo V, Terrazzan A, Colapietro P, Terranova L, Bergamini C, Vecchi M, Scaramella L, Nandi N, Roncoroni L. Circulating microRNAs Suggest Networks Associated with Biological Functions in Aggressive Refractory Type 2 Celiac Disease. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10061408. [PMID: 35740429 PMCID: PMC9219665 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10061408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite following a gluten-free diet, which is currently the only effective therapy for celiac disease, about 5% of patients can develop serious complications, which in the case of refractory type 2 could evolve towards intestinal lymphoma. In this study, we have identified a set of 15 microRNAs in serum discriminating between the two types of refractory disease. Upregulated miR-770-5p, miR-181b-2-3p, miR-1193, and miR-1226-3p could be useful for the better stratification of patients and the monitoring of disease development, while miR-490-3p was found to be dysregulated in patients with refractory type 1. Finally, by using bioinformatic tools applied to the analysis of the targets of dysregulated microRNAs, we have completed a more precise assessment of their functions. These mainly include the pathway of response to Transforming Growth Factor β cell-cell signaling by Wnt; epigenetic regulation, especially novel networks associated with transcriptional and post-transcriptional alterations; and the well-known inflammatory profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoletta Bianchi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Street L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.B.); (A.T.)
| | - Luisa Doneda
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Street Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.D.); (L.R.)
| | - Luca Elli
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (V.L.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (N.N.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Cristian Taccioli
- Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy;
| | - Valentina Vaira
- Division of Pathology, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Street F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Street F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Alice Scricciolo
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (V.L.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Vincenza Lombardo
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (V.L.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Anna Terrazzan
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, Street L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (N.B.); (A.T.)
| | - Patrizia Colapietro
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Street F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Leonardo Terranova
- Respiratory Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Internal Medicine Department, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Street F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Carlo Bergamini
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, University of Ferrara, Street L. Borsari 46, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Maurizio Vecchi
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (V.L.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (N.N.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Street F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Lucia Scaramella
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (V.L.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (N.N.)
| | - Nicoletta Nandi
- Center for Prevention and Diagnosis of Celiac Disease, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy; (A.S.); (V.L.); (M.V.); (L.S.); (N.N.)
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Street F. Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Leda Roncoroni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Street Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy; (L.D.); (L.R.)
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11
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Zhang B, Zhao J, Jiang M, Peng D, Dou X, Song Y, Shi J. The Potential Role of Gut Microbial-Derived Exosomes in Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease: Implications for Treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:893617. [PMID: 35634340 PMCID: PMC9131825 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.893617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and incidence of metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), a clinically heterogeneous disease whose primary clinical therapies include dietary control and exercise therapy, is increasing worldwide and constitutes a significant medical burden. Gut microbes influence the physiopathological processes of the liver through different mechanisms based on the gut-liver axis. Exosomes are essential carriers of intercellular communication. Most previous studies have focused on adipocyte- and hepatocyte-derived exosomes, while the critical role of microbial-derived exosomes and the molecular mechanisms behind them in MAFLD have received little attention. Therefore, we searched and screened the latest relevant studies in the PubMeb database to elucidate the link between microbial-derived exosomes and the pathogenesis of MAFLD, mainly in terms of insulin resistance, intestinal barrier, inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, and liver fibrosis. The aim was to provide a theoretical framework and support for clinical protocols and innovative drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhang
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianan Zhao
- Guanghua Clinical Medical College, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Rheumatology, Shanghai Guanghua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Arthritis Research in Integrative Medicine, Shanghai Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Minjie Jiang
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Peng
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaobing Dou
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Song
- Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junping Shi
- Department of Translational Medicine Platform, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Infectious & Hepatology Diseases, Metabolic Disease Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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12
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Paolini A, Sarshar M, Felli C, Bruno SP, Rostami-Nejad M, Ferretti F, Masotti A, Baldassarre A. Biomarkers to Monitor Adherence to Gluten-Free Diet by Celiac Disease Patients: Gluten Immunogenic Peptides and Urinary miRNAs. Foods 2022; 11:1380. [PMID: 35626950 PMCID: PMC9140451 DOI: 10.3390/foods11101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a multifactorial autoimmune enteropathy with a prevalence greater than 1% in the pediatric population. The only therapy for CD patients is a strict gluten-free diet (GFD). Gluten-free food contamination by other cereals during packaging and cooking or accidental ingestion of gluten may cause several intestinal and extraintestinal symptoms in CD patients. Therefore, the monitoring of gluten contamination in food and assessing the level of ingested gluten by analytical biomarkers has been of great interest in recent years. To this aim, small gluten immunogenic peptides (GIPs) obtained by the hydrolysis of gluten and present in urine and feces have been studied as biomarkers of gluten intake and to monitor adherence to GFD by CD patients. More recently, the use of circulating, fecal and urinary miRNAs has emerged as a novel diagnostic tool that can be potentially applied to assess adherence to GFD. Moreover, the presence of GIPs and miRNAs in both feces and urine suggests a similar excretion modality and the possibility of using urinary miRNAs, similarly to GIPs, as potential biomarkers of GFD in CD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Paolini
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Meysam Sarshar
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Cristina Felli
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Stefania Paola Bruno
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, 00146 Rome, Italy
| | - Mohammad Rostami-Nejad
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1985717411, Iran;
| | - Francesca Ferretti
- Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition Department, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
| | - Antonella Baldassarre
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital-IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy; (A.P.); (M.S.); (C.F.); (S.P.B.); (A.B.)
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13
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Expression of Selected Genes and Circulating microRNAs in Patients with Celiac Disease. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58020180. [PMID: 35208504 PMCID: PMC8878253 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58020180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy with characteristic intestinal alterations. CD occurs as a chronic inflammation secondary to gluten sensitivity in genetically susceptible individuals. Until now, the exact cause of the disease has not been established, which is why new studies have appeared that address the involvement of various genes and microRNAs (miRNAs) in the pathogenesis. The aim of the study is to describe the expression of selected genes (Wnt family member 3, WNT3; Wnt family member 11, WNT11; tumor necrosis factor alpha, TNFα; mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, MAPK1; AKT serine/threonine kinase 3, AKT3; phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha, PIK3CA; and cyclin D1, CCND1) and miRNAs (miR-192-5p, miR-194-5p, miR-449a and miR-638) in adult patients with CD. Materials and Methods: In total, 15 patients with CD at diagnosis (newly diagnosed), 33 patients on a gluten-free diet (GFD) for at least 1 year and 10 controls (control) were prospectively included. Blood samples were evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results: The results show that TNFα, MAPK1 and CCND1 were significantly overexpressed (p = 0.0249, p = 0.0019 and p = 0.0275, respectively) when comparing the newly diagnosed group to the controls. The other genes studied in CD patients were mostly with high values compared to controls, without reaching statistical significance. Among the miRNAs, the closest to a statistically significant value was miR-194-5p when the newly diagnosed group versus control (p = 0.0510) and GFD group versus control (p = 0.0671) were compared. The DIANA and miRNet databases identified significant functional activity for miR-449a and miR-192-5p and an interconnection of miR-194-5p and miR-449a with CCND1. Conclusions: In conclusion, genes and circulating miRNAs require further studies as they could represent important biomarkers in clinical practice.
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14
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Wolf J, Willscher E, Loeffler-Wirth H, Schmidt M, Flemming G, Zurek M, Uhlig HH, Händel N, Binder H. Deciphering the Transcriptomic Heterogeneity of Duodenal Coeliac Disease Biopsies. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052551. [PMID: 33806322 PMCID: PMC7961974 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Coeliac disease (CD) is a clinically heterogeneous autoimmune disease with variable presentation and progression triggered by gluten intake. Molecular or genetic factors contribute to disease heterogeneity, but the reasons for different outcomes are poorly understood. Transcriptome studies of tissue biopsies from CD patients are scarce. Here, we present a high-resolution analysis of the transcriptomes extracted from duodenal biopsies of 24 children and adolescents with active CD and 21 individuals without CD but with intestinal afflictions as controls. The transcriptomes of CD patients divide into three groups-a mixed group presenting the control cases, and CD-low and CD-high groups referring to lower and higher levels of CD severity. Persistence of symptoms was weakly associated with subgroup, but the highest marsh stages were present in subgroup CD-high, together with the highest cell cycle rates as an indicator of virtually complete villous atrophy. Considerable variation in inflammation-level between subgroups was further deciphered into immune cell types using cell type de-convolution. Self-organizing maps portrayal was applied to provide high-resolution landscapes of the CD-transcriptome. We find asymmetric patterns of miRNA and long non-coding RNA and discuss the effect of epigenetic regulation. Expression of genes involved in interferon gamma signaling represent suitable markers to distinguish CD from non-CD cases. Multiple pathways overlay in CD biopsies in different ways, giving rise to heterogeneous transcriptional patterns, which potentially provide information about etiology and the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Wolf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine at Hospital “St. Georg” Leipzig, 04129 Leipzig, Germany;
- Immuno Deficiency Centre Leipzig (IDCL) at Hospital St. Georg Leipzig, Jeffrey Modell Diagnostic and Research Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, 04129 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Edith Willscher
- IZBI, Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16–18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (E.W.); (H.L.-W.); (M.S.)
| | - Henry Loeffler-Wirth
- IZBI, Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16–18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (E.W.); (H.L.-W.); (M.S.)
| | - Maria Schmidt
- IZBI, Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16–18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (E.W.); (H.L.-W.); (M.S.)
| | - Gunter Flemming
- Paediatric Gastroenterology Unit, University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, 04103 Leipzig, Germany;
| | - Marlen Zurek
- Children’s Hospital of the Clinical Centre “Sankt Georg”, 04129 Leipzig, Germany; (M.Z.); (N.H.)
| | - Holm H. Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Experimental Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX4 2PG, UK;
| | - Norman Händel
- Children’s Hospital of the Clinical Centre “Sankt Georg”, 04129 Leipzig, Germany; (M.Z.); (N.H.)
| | - Hans Binder
- IZBI, Interdisciplinary Centre for Bioinformatics, University Leipzig, Härtelstr. 16–18, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (E.W.); (H.L.-W.); (M.S.)
- Correspondence:
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15
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The Multiomics Analyses of Fecal Matrix and Its Significance to Coeliac Disease Gut Profiling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041965. [PMID: 33671197 PMCID: PMC7922330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GIT) diseases have risen globally in recent years, and early detection of the host’s gut microbiota, typically through fecal material, has become a crucial component for rapid diagnosis of such diseases. Human fecal material is a complex substance composed of undigested macromolecules and particles, and the processing of such matter is a challenge due to the unstable nature of its products and the complexity of the matrix. The identification of these products can be used as an indication for present and future diseases; however, many researchers focus on one variable or marker looking for specific biomarkers of disease. Therefore, the combination of genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabonomics can give a detailed and complete insight into the gut environment. The proper sample collection, sample preparation and accurate analytical methods play a crucial role in generating precise microbial data and hypotheses in gut microbiome research, as well as multivariate data analysis in determining the gut microbiome functionality in regard to diseases. This review summarizes fecal sample protocols involved in profiling coeliac disease.
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16
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Zhao Y, Zeng Y, Zeng D, Wang H, Zhou M, Sun N, Xin J, Khalique A, Rajput DS, Pan K, Shu G, Jing B, Ni X. Probiotics and MicroRNA: Their Roles in the Host-Microbe Interactions. Front Microbiol 2021; 11:604462. [PMID: 33603718 PMCID: PMC7885260 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.604462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are widely accepted to be beneficial for the maintenance of the gut homeostasis - the dynamic and healthy interactions between host and gut microorganisms. In addition, emerging as a key molecule of inter-domain communication, microRNAs (miRNAs) can also mediate the host-microbe interactions. However, a comprehensive description and summary of the association between miRNAs and probiotics have not been reported yet. In this review, we have discussed the roles of probiotics and miRNAs in host-microbe interactions and proposed the association of probiotics with altered miRNAs in various intestinal diseases and potential molecular mechanisms underlying the action of probiotics. Furthermore, we provided a perspective of probiotics-miRNA-host/gut microbiota axis applied in search of disease management highly associated with the gut microbiome, which will potentially prove to be beneficial for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhao
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong Zeng
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hesong Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Institute of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mengjia Zhou
- Sichuan Academy of Animal Sciences, Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinge Xin
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Abdul Khalique
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Danish Sharafat Rajput
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kangcheng Pan
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gang Shu
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Jing
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueqin Ni
- Animal Microecology Institute, College of Veterinary, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Sarshar M, Scribano D, Ambrosi C, Palamara AT, Masotti A. Fecal microRNAs as Innovative Biomarkers of Intestinal Diseases and Effective Players in Host-Microbiome Interactions. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082174. [PMID: 32764361 PMCID: PMC7463924 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, short non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs), including circulating and fecal miRNAs have emerged as important modulators of various cellular processes by regulating the expression of target genes. Recent studies revealed the role of miRNAs as powerful biomarkers in disease diagnosis and for the development of innovative therapeutic applications in several human conditions, including intestinal diseases. In this review, we explored the literature and summarized the role of identified dysregulated fecal miRNAs in intestinal diseases, with particular focus on colorectal cancer (CRC) and celiac disease (CD). The aim of this review is to highlight one fascinating aspect of fecal miRNA function related to gut microbiota shaping and bacterial metabolism influencing. The role of miRNAs as “messenger” molecules for inter kingdom communications will be analyzed to highlight their role in the complex host-bacteria interactions. Moreover, whether fecal miRNAs could open up new perspectives to develop novel suitable biomarkers for disease detection and innovative therapeutic approaches to restore microbiota balance will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meysam Sarshar
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy;
- Microbiology Research Center (MRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, 1316943551 Tehran, Iran
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Daniela Scribano
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- Dani Di Giò Foundation-Onlus, 00193 Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Ambrosi
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (C.A.)
| | - Anna Teresa Palamara
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory Affiliated to Institute Pasteur Italia-Cenci Bolognetti Foundation, 00185 Rome, Italy;
- IRCCS San Raffaele Pisana, Department of Human Sciences and Promotion of the Quality of Life, San Raffaele Roma Open University, 00166 Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy;
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Giuffrida P, Di Sabatino A. MicroRNAs in Celiac Disease Diagnosis: A miR Curiosity or Game-Changer? Dig Dis Sci 2020; 65:1877-1879. [PMID: 31970608 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-020-06081-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giuffrida
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy.
| | - Antonio Di Sabatino
- First Department of Internal Medicine, San Matteo Hospital Foundation, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 19, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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19
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Sarra A, Celluzzi A, Bruno SP, Ricci C, Sennato S, Ortore MG, Casciardi S, Del Chierico F, Postorino P, Bordi F, Masotti A. Biophysical Characterization of Membrane Phase Transition Profiles for the Discrimination of Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs) From Escherichia coli Grown at Different Temperatures. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:290. [PMID: 32174900 PMCID: PMC7056839 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS), Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) are physical techniques widely employed to characterize the morphology and the structure of vesicles such as liposomes or human extracellular vesicles (exosomes). Bacterial extracellular vesicles are similar in size to human exosomes, although their function and membrane properties have not been elucidated in such detail as in the case of exosomes. Here, we applied the above cited techniques, in synergy with the thermotropic characterization of the vesicles lipid membrane using a turbidimetric technique to the study of vesicles produced by Gram-negative bacteria (Outer Membrane Vesicles, OMVs) grown at different temperatures. This study demonstrated that our combined approach is useful to discriminate vesicles of different origin or coming from bacteria cultured under different experimental conditions. We envisage that in a near future the techniques employed in our work will be further implemented to discriminate complex mixtures of bacterial vesicles, thus showing great promises for biomedical or diagnostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Sarra
- Department of Science, University of Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Celluzzi
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Caterina Ricci
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Simona Sennato
- CNR-ISC UOS Sapienza and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Ortore
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Casciardi
- Department of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, National Institute for Insurance Against Accidents at Work (INAIL), Monte Porzio Catone, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Postorino
- CNR-ISC UOS Sapienza and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Federico Bordi
- CNR-ISC UOS Sapienza and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Research Laboratories, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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20
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Clemente E, Efthymakis K, Carletti E, Capone V, Sperduti S, Bologna G, Marchisio M, Di Nicola M, Neri M, Sallese M. An explorative study identifies miRNA signatures for the diagnosis of non-celiac wheat sensitivity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226478. [PMID: 31834915 PMCID: PMC6910677 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-celiac wheat sensitivity (NCWS), also referred to as non-celiac gluten sensitivity, is a recently described disorder triggered by wheat/gluten ingestion. NCWS elicits a wide range of symptoms including diarrhoea, intestinal discomfort, and fatigue in analogy with other wheat/gluten-related disorders and celiac disease in particular. From the pathological standpoint, NCWS patients only have a slight increase of intraepithelial lymphocytes, while antibodies to tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and villous atrophy, otherwise diagnostic features of celiac disease, are absent. To date, the diagnosis of NCWS relies on symptoms and exclusion of confounding diseases, since biomarkers are not yet available. Here, the expression levels of selected miRNAs were examined in duodenal biopsies and peripheral blood leukocytes collected from newly diagnosed patients with NCWS and, as controls, from patients with celiac disease and gluten-independent gastrointestinal problems. We identified a few miRNAs whose expression is higher in the intestinal mucosa of patients affected by NCWS in comparison to control patients affect by gluten-independent dyspeptic symptoms (Helicobacter pylori-negative) and celiac disease. The present study provided the first evidence that NCWS patients have a characteristic miRNA expression patterns, such peculiarity could be exploited as a biomarker to the diagnosis of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Clemente
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Konstantinos Efthymakis
- Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Erminia Carletti
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Vanessa Capone
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Samantha Sperduti
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Bologna
- Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Marchisio
- Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marta Di Nicola
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Matteo Neri
- Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Ageing Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- * E-mail: (MS); (MN)
| | - Michele Sallese
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti–Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- Centre for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), “G. d'Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
- * E-mail: (MS); (MN)
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Identification of Potential Biomarkers and Biological Pathways in Juvenile Dermatomyositis Based on miRNA-mRNA Network. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7814287. [PMID: 31886250 PMCID: PMC6925816 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7814287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to explore the potential pathogenesis of juvenile dermatomyositis by bioinformatics analysis of gene chips, which would screen the hub genes, identify potential biomarkers, and reveal the development mechanism of juvenile dermatomyositis. Material and Methods We retrieved juvenile dermatomyositis's original expression microarray data of message RNAs (mRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) from NCBI's Gene Expression Omnibus database (GEO, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/); through the R package of limma in Bioconductor, we can screen the differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs, and then we further analyzed the predicted target genes by the methods such as Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis and miRNA-mRNA regulatory network construction and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network using Cytoscape 3.6.1. Results Compared with normal juvenile skin tissues, 6 upregulated microRNAs and 5 downregulated microRNAs were identified from 166 downregulated microRNAs and 58 upregulated microRNAs in juvenile dermatomyositis tissues. The enrichment pathways of differentially expressed microRNAs include cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), autoimmune thyroid disease, Type I diabetes mellitus, antigen and presentation, viral myocardium, graft-versus-host disease, and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpes virus infection. By screening of microRNA-messenger RNA regulatory network and construction of PPI network map, three target miRNAs were identified, namely, miR-193b, miR-199b-5p, and miR-665. Conclusion We identified mir-193b, mir-199b-5p, and mir-6653 target miRNAs by exploring the miRNA-mRNA regulation network mechanism related to the pathogenesis of juvenile dermatomyositis, which will be of great significance for further study on the pathogenesis and targeted therapy of juvenile dermatomyositis.
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22
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Hossian AKMN, Mackenzie GG, Mattheolabakis G. miRNAs in gastrointestinal diseases: can we effectively deliver RNA-based therapeutics orally? Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019; 14:2873-2889. [PMID: 31735124 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2019-0180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleic acid-based therapeutics are evaluated for their potential of treating a plethora of diseases, including cancer and inflammation. Short nucleic acids, such as miRNAs, have emerged as versatile regulators for gene expression and are studied for therapeutic purposes. However, their inherent instability in vivo following enteral and parenteral administration has prompted the development of novel methodologies for their delivery. Although research on the oral delivery of siRNAs is progressing, with the development and utilization of promising carrier-based methodologies for the treatment of a plethora of gastrointestinal diseases, research on miRNA-based oral therapeutics is lagging behind. In this review, we present the potential role of miRNAs in diseases of the GI tract, and analyze current research and the cardinal features of the novel carrier systems used for nucleic acid oral delivery that can be expanded for oral miRNA administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- A K M Nawshad Hossian
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
| | | | - George Mattheolabakis
- School of Basic Pharmaceutical & Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana Monroe, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
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23
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Multifactorial Etiology of Anemia in Celiac Disease and Effect of Gluten-Free Diet: A Comprehensive Review. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11112557. [PMID: 31652803 PMCID: PMC6893537 DOI: 10.3390/nu11112557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease (CD) is a multisystemic disorder with different clinical expressions, from malabsorption with diarrhea, anemia, and nutritional compromise to extraintestinal manifestations. Anemia might be the only clinical expression of the disease, and iron deficiency anemia is considered one of the most frequent extraintestinal clinical manifestations of CD. Therefore, CD should be suspected in the presence of anemia without a known etiology. Assessment of tissue anti-transglutaminase and anti-endomysial antibodies are indicated in these cases and, if positive, digestive endoscopy and intestinal biopsy should be performed. Anemia in CD has a multifactorial pathogenesis and, although it is frequently a consequence of iron deficiency, it can be caused by deficiencies of folate or vitamin B12, or by blood loss or by its association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or other associated diseases. The association between CD and IBD should be considered during anemia treatment in patients with IBD, because the similarity of symptoms could delay the diagnosis. Vitamin B12 deficiency is common in CD and may be responsible for anemia and peripheral myeloneuropathy. Folate deficiency is a well-known cause of anemia in adults, but there is little information in children with CD; it is still unknown if anemia is a symptom of the most typical CD in adult patients either by predisposition due to the fact of age or because biochemical and clinical manifestations take longer to appear.
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24
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Baldassarre A, Felli C, Prantera G, Masotti A. Circulating microRNAs and Bioinformatics Tools to Discover Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers of Pediatric Diseases. Genes (Basel) 2017; 8:genes8090234. [PMID: 28925938 PMCID: PMC5615367 DOI: 10.3390/genes8090234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Revised: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. Current studies have shown that miRNAs are also present in extracellular spaces, packaged into various membrane-bound vesicles, or associated with RNA-binding proteins. Circulating miRNAs are highly stable and can act as intercellular messengers to affect many physiological processes. MicroRNAs circulating in body fluids have generated strong interest in their potential use as clinical biomarkers. In fact, their remarkable stability and the relative ease of detection make circulating miRNAs ideal tools for rapid and non-invasive diagnosis. This review summarizes recent insights about the origin, functions and diagnostic potential of extracellular miRNAs by especially focusing on pediatric diseases in order to explore the feasibility of alternative sampling sources for the development of non-invasive pediatric diagnostics. We will also discuss specific bioinformatics tools and databases for circulating miRNAs focused on the identification and discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers of pediatric diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristina Felli
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, 00146 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Prantera
- Department of Ecology and Biology, Università della Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy.
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital-IRCCS, Research Laboratories, 00146 Rome, Italy.
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