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Salama GG, El-Mahdy TS, Moustafa WH, Emara M. Downregulation of Klebsiella pneumoniae RND efflux pump genes following indole signal produced by Escherichia coli. BMC Microbiol 2024; 24:312. [PMID: 39182027 PMCID: PMC11344464 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03443-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND More than a century has passed since it was discovered that many bacteria produce indole, but research into the actual biological roles of this molecule is just now beginning. The influence of indole on bacterial virulence was extensively investigated in indole-producing bacteria like Escherichia coli. To gain a deeper comprehension of its functional role, this study investigated how indole at concentrations of 0.5-1.0 mM found in the supernatant of Escherichia coli stationary phase culture was able to alter the virulence of non-indole-producing bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, which are naturally exposed to indole in mixed infections with Escherichia coli. RESULTS Biofilm formation, antimicrobial susceptibility, and efflux pump activity were the three phenotypic tests that were assessed. Indole was found to influence antibiotic susceptibly of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae to ciprofloxacin, imipenem, ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, and amikacin through significant reduction in MIC with fold change ranged from 4 to 16. Biofilm production was partially abrogated in both 32/45 Pseudomonas aeruginosa and all eight Proteus mirabilis, while induced biofilm production was observed in 30/40 Klebsiella pneumoniae. Moreover, acrAB and oqxAB, which encode four genes responsible for resistance-nodulation-division multidrug efflux pumps in five isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae were investigated genotypically using quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR. This revealed that all four genes exhibited reduced expression indicated by 2^-ΔΔCT < 1 in indole-treated isolates compared to control group. CONCLUSION The outcomes of qRT-PCR investigation of efflux pump expression have established a novel clear correlation of the molecular mechanism that lies beneath the influence of indole on bacterial antibiotic tolerance. This research provides novel perspectives on the various mechanisms and diverse biological functions of indole signaling and how it impacts the pathogenicity of non-indole-producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galila G Salama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Helwan University, P.O. Box 11795, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Taghrid S El-Mahdy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Helwan University, P.O. Box 11795, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology, and Information (MTI), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walaa H Moustafa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Helwan University, P.O. Box 11795, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Emara
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Helwan University, P.O. Box 11795, Ain-Helwan, Cairo, Egypt.
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Zhu X, Tang Q, Zhou X, Momeni MR. Antibiotic resistance and nanotechnology: A narrative review. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106741. [PMID: 38871198 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The rise of antibiotic resistance poses a significant threat to public health worldwide, leading researchers to explore novel solutions to combat this growing problem. Nanotechnology, which involves manipulating materials at the nanoscale, has emerged as a promising avenue for developing novel strategies to combat antibiotic resistance. This cutting-edge technology has gained momentum in the medical field by offering a new approach to combating infectious diseases. Nanomaterial-based therapies hold significant potential in treating difficult bacterial infections by circumventing established drug resistance mechanisms. Moreover, their small size and unique physical properties enable them to effectively target biofilms, which are commonly linked to resistance development. By leveraging these advantages, nanomaterials present a viable solution to enhance the effectiveness of existing antibiotics or even create entirely new antibacterial mechanisms. This review article explores the current landscape of antibiotic resistance and underscores the pivotal role that nanotechnology plays in augmenting the efficacy of traditional antibiotics. Furthermore, it addresses the challenges and opportunities within the realm of nanotechnology for combating antibiotic resistance, while also outlining future research directions in this critical area. Overall, this comprehensive review articulates the potential of nanotechnology in addressing the urgent public health concern of antibiotic resistance, highlighting its transformative capabilities in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunxian Zhu
- Huaqiao University Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362021, China.
| | - Qiuhua Tang
- Quanzhou First Hospital, Quanzhou, Fujian, 362000, China
| | - Xiaohang Zhou
- Mudanjiang Medical University, Mu Danjiang, Hei Longjiang, 157012, China
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3
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Er-Rahmani S, Errabiti B, Matencio A, Trotta F, Latrache H, Koraichi SI, Elabed S. Plant-derived bioactive compounds for the inhibition of biofilm formation: a comprehensive review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:34859-34880. [PMID: 38744766 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-33532-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Biofilm formation is a widespread phenomenon that impacts different fields, including the food industry, agriculture, health care and the environment. Accordingly, there is a serious need for new methods of managing the problem of biofilm formation. Natural products have historically been a rich source of varied compounds with a wide variety of biological functions, including antibiofilm agents. In this review, we critically highlight and discuss the recent progress in understanding the antibiofilm effects of several bioactive compounds isolated from different plants, and in elucidating the underlying mechanisms of action and the factors influencing their adhesion. The literature shows that bioactive compounds have promising antibiofilm potential against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial and fungal strains, via several mechanisms of action, such as suppressing the formation of the polymer matrix, limiting O2 consumption, inhibiting microbial DNA replication, decreasing hydrophobicity of cell surfaces and blocking the quorum sensing network. This antibiofilm activity is influenced by several environmental factors, such as nutritional cues, pH values, O2 availability and temperature. This review demonstrates that several bioactive compounds could mitigate the problem of biofilm production. However, toxicological assessment and pharmacokinetic investigations of these molecules are strongly required to validate their safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Er-Rahmani
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez, Imouzzer Road, 30000, Fez, Morocco
- Department of Chemistry, Nanomaterials for Industry and Sustainability Centre (NIS Centre), Università Di Torino, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Badr Errabiti
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez, Imouzzer Road, 30000, Fez, Morocco
| | - Adrián Matencio
- Department of Chemistry, Nanomaterials for Industry and Sustainability Centre (NIS Centre), Università Di Torino, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Trotta
- Department of Chemistry, Nanomaterials for Industry and Sustainability Centre (NIS Centre), Università Di Torino, 10125, Turin, Italy
| | - Hassan Latrache
- Laboratory of Bioprocesses and Bio-Interfaces, Faculty of Science and Technology, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, 23000, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Saad Ibnsouda Koraichi
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez, Imouzzer Road, 30000, Fez, Morocco
| | - Soumya Elabed
- Laboratory of Microbial Biotechnology and Bioactive Molecules, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University of Fez, Imouzzer Road, 30000, Fez, Morocco.
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4
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Camba C, Walter-Lakes B, Digal P, Taheri-Araghi S, Bezryadina A. Biofilm formation and manipulation with optical tweezers. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 15:1181-1191. [PMID: 38404331 PMCID: PMC10890877 DOI: 10.1364/boe.510836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Some bacterial species form biofilms in suboptimal growth and environmental conditions. Biofilm structures allow the cells not only to optimize growth with nutrient availability but also to defend each other against external stress, such as antibiotics. Medical and bioengineering implications of biofilms have led to an increased interest in the regulation of bacterial biofilm formation. Prior research has primarily focused on mechanical and chemical approaches for stimulating and controlling biofilm formation, yet optical techniques are still largely unexplored. In this paper, we investigate the biofilm formation of Bacillus subtilis in a minimum biofilm-promoting medium (MSgg media) and explore the potential of optical trapping in regulating bacterial aggregation and biofilm development. Specifically, we determine the most advantageous stage of bacterial biofilm formation for optical manipulation and investigate the impact of optical trapping at different wavelengths on the aggregation of bacterial cells and the formation of biofilm. The investigation of optically regulated biofilm formation with optical tweezers presents innovative methodologies for the stimulation and suppression of biofilm growth through the application of lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Czarlyn Camba
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Brooke Walter-Lakes
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Phillip Digal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Sattar Taheri-Araghi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
| | - Anna Bezryadina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA 91330, USA
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5
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Lu L, Wang J, Wang C, Zhu J, Wang H, Liao L, Zhao Y, Wang X, Yang C, He Z, Li M. Plant-derived virulence arresting drugs as novel antimicrobial agents: Discovery, perspective, and challenges in clinical use. Phytother Res 2024; 38:727-754. [PMID: 38014754 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) emerges as a severe crisis to public health and requires global action. The occurrence of bacterial pathogens with multi-drug resistance appeals to exploring alternative therapeutic strategies. Antivirulence treatment has been a positive substitute in seeking to circumvent AMR, which aims to target virulence factors directly to combat bacterial infections. Accumulated evidence suggests that plant-derived natural products, which have been utilized to treat infectious diseases for centuries, can be abundant sources for screening potential virulence-arresting drugs (VADs) to develop advanced therapeutics for infectious diseases. This review sums up some virulence factors and their actions in various species of bacteria, as well as recent advances pertaining to plant-derived natural products as VAD candidates. Furthermore, we also discuss natural VAD-related clinical trials and patents, the perspective of VAD-based advanced therapeutics for infectious diseases and critical challenges hampering clinical use of VADs, and genomics-guided identification for VAD therapeutic. These newly discovered natural VADs will be encouraging and optimistic candidates that may sustainably combat AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Jingya Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Chongrui Wang
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Hongping Wang
- Safety Evaluation Center, Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices), Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Li Liao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Yuting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaobo Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Langzhong People's Hospital, Langzhong, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Chen Yang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Zhengyou He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal and Edible Plants Resources Development of Sichuan Education Department, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
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6
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Ghosh C, Das MC, Acharjee S, Bhattacharjee S, Sandhu P, Kumari M, Bhowmik J, Ghosh R, Banerjee B, De UC, Akhter Y, Bhattacharjee S. Combating Staphylococcus aureus biofilm formation: the inhibitory potential of tormentic acid and 23-hydroxycorosolic acid. Arch Microbiol 2023; 206:25. [PMID: 38108905 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant extracts have been used to treat microbiological diseases for centuries. This study examined plant triterpenoids tormentic acid (TA) and 23-hydroxycorosolic acid (HCA) for their antibiofilm effects on Staphylococcus aureus strains (MTCC-96 and MTCC-7405). Biofilms are bacterial colonies bound by a matrix of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA, primarily impacting healthcare. As a result, ongoing research is being conducted worldwide to control and prevent biofilm formation. Our research showed that TA and HCA inhibit S. aureus planktonic growth by depolarizing the bacterial membrane. In addition, zone of inhibition studies confirmed their effectiveness, and crystal violet staining and biofilm protein quantification confirmed their ability to prevent biofilm formation. TA and HCA exhibited substantial reductions in biofilm formation for S. aureus (MTCC-96) by 54.85% and 48.6% and for S. aureus (MTCC-7405) by 47.07% and 56.01%, respectively. Exopolysaccharide levels in S. aureus biofilm reduced significantly by TA (25 μg/mL) and HCA (20 μg/mL). Microscopy, bacterial motility, and protease quantification studies revealed their ability to reduce motility and pathogenicity. Furthermore, TA and HCA treatment reduced the mRNA expression of S. aureus virulence genes. In silico analysis depicted a high binding affinity of triterpenoids for biofilm and quorum-sensing associated proteins in S. aureus, with TA having the strongest affinity for TarO (- 7.8 kcal/mol) and HCA for AgrA (- 7.6 kcal/mol). TA and HCA treatment reduced bacterial load in S. aureus-infected peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 cells. Our research indicates that TA and HCA can effectively combat S. aureus by inhibiting its growth and suppressing biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmoy Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
- School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India
| | - Manash C Das
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Shukdeb Acharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Samadrita Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Padmani Sandhu
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Monika Kumari
- Centre for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Shahpur, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, 176206, India
| | - Joyanta Bhowmik
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Ranjit Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | | | - Utpal Chandra De
- Department of Chemistry, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Surajit Bhattacharjee
- Department of Molecular Biology & Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, 799022, India.
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Beenker WAG, Hoeksma J, Bannier-Hélaouët M, Clevers H, den Hertog J. Paecilomycone Inhibits Quorum Sensing in Gram-Negative Bacteria. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0509722. [PMID: 36920212 PMCID: PMC10100902 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.05097-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that causes major health care concerns due to its virulence and high intrinsic resistance to antimicrobial agents. Therefore, new treatments are greatly needed. An interesting approach is to target quorum sensing (QS). QS regulates the production of a wide variety of virulence factors and biofilm formation in P. aeruginosa. This study describes the identification of paecilomycone as an inhibitor of QS in both Chromobacterium violaceum and P. aeruginosa. Paecilomycone strongly inhibited the production of virulence factors in P. aeruginosa, including various phenazines, and biofilm formation. In search of the working mechanism, we found that paecilomycone inhibited the production of 4-hydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (HHQ) and 3,4-dihydroxy-2-heptylquinoline (PQS), but not 2'-aminoacetophenone (2-AA). Therefore, we suggest that paecilomycone affects parts of QS in P. aeruginosa by targeting the PqsBC complex and alternative targets or alters processes that influence the enzymatic activity of the PqsBC complex. The toxicity of paecilomycone toward eukaryotic cells and organisms was low, making it an interesting lead for further clinical research. IMPORTANCE Antibiotics are becoming less effective against bacterial infections due to the evolution of resistance among bacteria. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes major health care concerns and is difficult to treat due to its high intrinsic resistance to antimicrobial agents. Therefore, new targets are needed, and an interesting approach is to target quorum sensing (QS). QS is the communication system in bacteria that regulates multiple pathways, including the production of virulence factors and biofilm formation, which leads to high toxicity in the host and low sensitivity to antibiotics, respectively. We found a compound, named paecilomycone, that inhibited biofilm formation and the production of various virulence factors in P. aeruginosa. The toxicity of paecilomycone toward eukaryotic cells and organisms was low, making it an interesting lead for further clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter A. G. Beenker
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jelmer Hoeksma
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marie Bannier-Hélaouët
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen den Hertog
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Institute Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
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Pompilio A, Scocchi M, Mangoni ML, Shirooie S, Serio A, Ferreira Garcia da Costa Y, Alves MS, Şeker Karatoprak G, Süntar I, Khan H, Di Bonaventura G. Bioactive compounds: a goldmine for defining new strategies against pathogenic bacterial biofilms? Crit Rev Microbiol 2023; 49:117-149. [PMID: 35313120 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2038082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Most human infectious diseases are caused by microorganisms growing as biofilms. These three-dimensional self-organized communities are embedded in a dense matrix allowing microorganisms to persistently inhabit abiotic and biotic surfaces due to increased resistance to both antibiotics and effectors of the immune system. Consequently, there is an urgent need for novel strategies to control biofilm-associated infections. Natural products offer a vast array of chemical structures and possess a wide variety of biological properties; therefore, they have been and continue to be exploited in the search for potential biofilm inhibitors with a specific or multi-locus mechanism of action. This review provides an updated discussion of the major bioactive compounds isolated from several natural sources - such as plants, lichens, algae, microorganisms, animals, and humans - with the potential to inhibit biofilm formation and/or to disperse established biofilms by bacterial pathogens. Despite the very large number of bioactive products, their exact mechanism of action often remains to be clarified and, in some cases, the identity of the active molecule is still unknown. This knowledge gap should be filled thus allowing development of these products not only as novel drugs to combat bacterial biofilms, but also as antibiotic adjuvants to restore the therapeutic efficacy of current antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Pompilio
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Marco Scocchi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Mangoni
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Laboratory affiliated to Pasteur Italia-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Annalisa Serio
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Ygor Ferreira Garcia da Costa
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Bioactivity, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria Silvana Alves
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Bioactivity, Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Gökçe Şeker Karatoprak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Talas, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ipek Süntar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gazi University, Etiler, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Giovanni Di Bonaventura
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, and Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
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9
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Romero M, Mayer C, Heeb S, Wattanavaekin K, Cámara M, Otero A, Williams P. Mushroom-shaped structures formed in Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms grown in a roller bioreactor are associated with quorum sensing-dependent Csu-pilus assembly. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:4329-4339. [PMID: 35352448 PMCID: PMC9790458 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
There is currently a need to develop simple biofilm models that facilitate investigation of the architecture/biology of mature bacterial biofilms in a consistent/standardized manner given their environmental and clinical importance and the need for new anti-biofilm interventions. This study introduces a novel biofilm culture system termed the rolling biofilm bioreactor (RBB). This easily operated system allows adherent microbial cells to be repeatedly exposed to air/solid/liquid interfaces optimizing biofilm growth. The RBB was exploited to investigate biofilm formation in Acinetobacter baumannii. High levels of A. baumannii biofilm biomass reproducibly accumulate in the RBB and, importantly, undergo a maturation step to form large mushroom-shaped structures that had not been observed in other models. Based on image analysis of biofilm development and genetic manipulation, we show how N-acylhomoserine lactone-dependent quorum sensing (QS) impacts on biofilm differentiation, composition and antibiotic tolerance. Our results indicate that extracellular DNA (eDNA) is a key matrix component in mature Acinetobacter biofilms as the mushroom-like structures consist of dense cellular masses encased in an eDNA mesh. Moreover, this study reveals the contribution of QS to A. baumannii biofilm differentiation through Csu pilus assembly regulation. Understanding the mechanisms of structural development of mature biofilms helps to identify new biofilm eradication and removal strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Romero
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Celia Mayer
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK,Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS)Santiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Stephan Heeb
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | | | - Miguel Cámara
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
| | - Ana Otero
- Departamento de Microbioloxía e Parasitoloxía, Facultade de Bioloxía, Edificio CIBUSUniversidade de Santiago de CompostelaSantiago de CompostelaSpain
| | - Paul Williams
- National Biofilms Innovation Centre, Biodiscovery Institute and School of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK
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Beenker WAG, Hoeksma J, den Hertog J. Gregatins, a Group of Related Fungal Secondary Metabolites, Inhibit Aspects of Quorum Sensing in Gram-Negative Bacteria. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:934235. [PMID: 35865924 PMCID: PMC9296082 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.934235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing (QS) is a process that regulates gene expression based on cell density. In bacteria, QS facilitates collaboration and controls a large number of pathways, including biofilm formation and virulence factor production, which lead to lower sensitivity to antibiotics and higher toxicity in the host, respectively. Inhibition of QS is a promising strategy to combat bacterial infections. In this study, we tested the potential of secondary metabolites from fungi to inhibit bacterial QS using a library derived from more than ten thousand different fungal strains. We used the reporter bacterium, Chromobacterium violaceum, and identified 39 fungal strains that produced QS inhibitor activity. These strains expressed two QS inhibitors that had been described before and eight QS inhibitors that had not been described before. Further testing for QS inhibitor activity against the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa led to the identification of gregatins as an interesting family of compounds with QS inhibitor activity. Although various gregatins inhibited QS in P. aeruginosa, these gregatins did not inhibit virulence factor production and biofilm formation. We conclude that gregatins inhibit some, but not all aspects of QS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter A. G. Beenker
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jelmer Hoeksma
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jeroen den Hertog
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Institute Biology Leiden, Leiden University, Leiden, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Jeroen den Hertog
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11
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Deng Y, Liu Y, Li J, Wang X, He S, Yan X, Shi Y, Zhang W, Ding L. Marine natural products and their synthetic analogs as promising antibiofilm agents for antibiotics discovery and development. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 239:114513. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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12
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Zheng Y, Lu X, Liu B, Li B, Yang C, Tang W, Zhang J. Novel FabI inhibitor disrupts the biofilm formation of MRSA through down-regulating the expression of quorum-sensing regulatory genes. Microb Pathog 2022; 163:105391. [PMID: 34999247 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to explore the antibiofilm and antivirulence efficacy of benzylaniline 4k against MRSA. METHODS The clinical MRSA strains were identified and used to evaluate their potential to form biofilm using crystal violet assay. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using broth microdilution method. The expression of genes was detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Rabbit blood hemolytic assay was used to observe the inhibitory ability of alpha-hemolysin (Hla). RESULTS Compound 4k showed potent antibacterial activity against 16 clinical MRSA with an MIC50 of 1.25 mg/L and MIC90 of 2.25 mg/L. The value of minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) against MRSA2858 biofilm was of 1.5 mg/L, close to its MIC, superior to those of vancomycin and erythromycin. Compound 4k eradicated the formation of biofilm through inhibiting the gene expression of branched-chain fatty acid synthesis, down-regulating the expression of quorum-sensing (QS) regulatory genes (norA, agrA, icaA, hla), decreasing the level of hemolysis in a dose-dependent manner, and inhibiting rabbit blood hemolysis by 86.9% at a concentration of 1.25 mg/L. In a mouse model of abdominal infection, compound 4k was more effective than vancomycin in reducing bacterial load. CONCLUSIONS These results suggested that compound 4k could be developed as promising an anti-MRSA agent through affecting quorum-sensing system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zheng
- Department of Obstetrics, The First Hospital Affiliated to Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Xueer Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Huaibei People's Hospital, Huaibei, 235000, China; Anhui Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Biyong Liu
- Anhui Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Bo Li
- Anhui Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Chengwei Yang
- Anhui Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China
| | - Wenjian Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Anhui Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Anhui No. 2 Provincial People's Hospital, Hefei, 230022, China.
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13
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Wang X, He Y, Deng Y, Zuo Z, Li D, Chen F, Qu C, Miao J. A diguanylate cyclase regulates biofilm formation in Rhodococcus sp. NJ-530 from Antarctica. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:27. [PMID: 35036275 PMCID: PMC8710177 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-03093-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms represent a protective survival mode in which bacteria adapt themselves to the natural environment for survival purposes. Biofilm formation is regulated by 3,5-cyclic diguanylic acid (c-di-GMP), which is a universal second messenger molecule in bacteria. Diguanylate cyclase (DGC) catalyses c-di-GMP intracellular synthesis, which plays important roles in bacterial adaptation to the natural environment. In this study, the DGC gene was first cloned from Antarctic Rhodococcus sp. NJ-530. DGC contained 948 nucleotides and encoded 315 amino acids with a molecular weight of 34.6 KDa and an isoelectric point of 5.58. qRT-PCR demonstrated that the DGC expression level was significantly affected by lower salinity and temperature. Consistently, more biofilm formation occurred under the same stress. It has been shown that Rhodococcus sp. NJ-530 can adapt to the extreme environment in Antarctica, which is closely related to biofilm formation. These results provide an important reference for studying the adaptive mechanism of Antarctic microorganisms to this extreme environment. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-03093-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042 China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, No. 6 of Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061 China
| | - Yingying He
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, No. 6 of Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061 China
| | - Yashan Deng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042 China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, No. 6 of Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061 China
| | - Zhicong Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, No. 6 of Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061 China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042 China
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, No. 6 of Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061 China
| | - Fushan Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042 China
| | - Changfeng Qu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, No. 6 of Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061 China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
| | - Jinlai Miao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Eco-Environmental Science and Technology, First Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resource, No. 6 of Xianxialing Road, Qingdao, 266061 China
- Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237 China
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14
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Nicolas M, Beito B, Oliveira M, Tudela Martins M, Gallas B, Salmain M, Boujday S, Humblot V. Strategies for Antimicrobial Peptides Immobilization on Surfaces to Prevent Biofilm Growth on Biomedical Devices. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 11:13. [PMID: 35052891 PMCID: PMC8772980 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11010013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial and medical device-induced biofilm infections affect millions of lives and urgently require innovative preventive approaches. These pathologies have led to the development of numerous antimicrobial strategies, an emergent topic involving both natural and synthetic routes, among which some are currently under testing for clinical approval and use. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are ideal candidates for this fight. Therefore, the strategies involving surface functionalization with AMPs to prevent bacterial attachment/biofilms formation have experienced a tremendous development over the last decade. In this review, we describe the different mechanisms of action by which AMPs prevent bacterial adhesion and/or biofilm formation to better address their potential as anti-infective agents. We additionally analyze AMP immobilization techniques on a variety of materials, with a focus on biomedical applications. Furthermore, we summarize the advances made to date regarding the immobilization strategies of AMPs on various surfaces and their ability to prevent the adhesion of various microorganisms. Progress toward the clinical approval of AMPs in antibiotherapy is also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Nicolas
- Sorbonne Université, UMR 7197, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France;
- Sorbonne Université, Institute of Nanosciences Paris (INSP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France;
| | - Bruno Beito
- Sorbonne Université, Master de Chimie, Profil MatNanoBio, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie of Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France; (B.B.); (M.O.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Marta Oliveira
- Sorbonne Université, Master de Chimie, Profil MatNanoBio, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie of Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France; (B.B.); (M.O.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Maria Tudela Martins
- Sorbonne Université, Master de Chimie, Profil MatNanoBio, Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie of Sorbonne Université, 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France; (B.B.); (M.O.); (M.T.M.)
| | - Bruno Gallas
- Sorbonne Université, Institute of Nanosciences Paris (INSP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France;
| | - Michèle Salmain
- Sorbonne Université, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire (IPCM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France;
| | - Souhir Boujday
- Sorbonne Université, UMR 7197, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France;
| | - Vincent Humblot
- Sorbonne Université, UMR 7197, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 4 Place Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France;
- Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique Thermique et Optique-Sciences et Technologies (FEMTO-ST) Institute, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), UMR 6174, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 15B Avenue des Montboucons, F-25030 Besançon, France
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15
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Lahiri D, Nag M, Garai S, Ray RR. The Chemistry of Antibiofilm Phytocompounds. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 21:1034-1047. [PMID: 32767942 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200807135243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Phytocompounds are long known for their therapeutic uses due to their competence as antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial activity of these bioactive compounds manifests their ability as an antibiofilm agent and is thereby proved to be competent to treat the widespread biofilm-associated chronic infections. The rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria has made the treatment of these infections almost impossible by conventional antibiotic therapy, which forced a switch-over to the use of phytocompounds. The present overview deals with the classification of a huge array of phytocompounds according to their chemical nature, detection of their target pathogen, and elucidation of their mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajit Lahiri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Moupriya Nag
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Sayantani Garai
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering & Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Rina Rani Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, West Bengal, India
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16
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Andersen JB, Hultqvist LD, Jansen CU, Jakobsen TH, Nilsson M, Rybtke M, Uhd J, Fritz BG, Seifert R, Berthelsen J, Nielsen TE, Qvortrup K, Givskov M, Tolker-Nielsen T. Identification of small molecules that interfere with c-di-GMP signaling and induce dispersal of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. NPJ Biofilms Microbiomes 2021; 7:59. [PMID: 34244523 PMCID: PMC8271024 DOI: 10.1038/s41522-021-00225-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are involved in a number of infections that cannot be cured, as microbes in biofilms resist host immune defenses and antibiotic therapies. With no strict biofilm-antibiotic in the current pipelines, there is an unmet need for drug candidates that enable the current antibiotics to eradicate bacteria in biofilms. We used high-throughput screening to identify chemical compounds that reduce the intracellular c-di-GMP content in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This led to the identification of a small molecule that efficiently depletes P. aeruginosa for c-di-GMP, inhibits biofilm formation, and disperses established biofilm. A combination of our lead compound with standard of care antibiotics showed improved eradication of an implant-associated infection established in mice. Genetic analyses provided evidence that the anti-biofilm compound stimulates the activity of the c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase BifA in P. aeruginosa. Our work constitutes a proof of concept for c-di-GMP phosphodiesterase-activating drugs administered in combination with antibiotics as a viable treatment strategy for otherwise recalcitrant infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Bo Andersen
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Louise Dahl Hultqvist
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Tim Holm Jakobsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Nilsson
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Rybtke
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Uhd
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Blaine Gabriel Fritz
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Roland Seifert
- Institute of Pharmacology and Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Hannover Medical School Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jens Berthelsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Eiland Nielsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Katrine Qvortrup
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Michael Givskov
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. .,Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Tim Tolker-Nielsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center. Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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17
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Bhardwaj S, Bhatia S, Singh S, Franco Jr F. Growing emergence of drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and attenuation of its virulence using quorum sensing inhibitors: A critical review. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2021; 24:699-719. [PMID: 34630947 PMCID: PMC8487598 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2021.49151.11254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A perilous increase in the number of bacterial infections has led to developing throngs of antibiotics for increasing the quality and expectancy of life. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is becoming resistant to all known conventional antimicrobial agents thereby posing a deadly threat to the human population. Nowadays, targeting virulence traits of infectious agents is an alternative approach to antimicrobials that is gaining much popularity to fight antimicrobial resistance. Quorum sensing (QS) involves interspecies communication via a chemical signaling pathway. Under this mechanism, cells work in a concerted manner, communicate with each other with the help of signaling molecules called auto-inducers (AI). The virulence of these strains is driven by genes, whose expression is regulated by AI, which in turn acts as transcriptional activators. Moreover, the problem of antibiotic-resistance in case of infections caused by P. aeruginosa becomes more alarming among immune-compromised patients, where the infectious agents easily take over the cellular machinery of the host while hidden in the QS mediated biofilms. Inhibition of the QS circuit of P. aeruginosa by targeting various signaling pathways such as LasR, RhlR, Pqs, and QScR transcriptional proteins will help in blocking downstream signal transducers which could result in reducing the bacterial virulence. The anti-virulence agent does not pose an immediate selective pressure on growing bacterium and thus reduces the pathogenicity without harming the target species. Here, we review exclusively, the growing emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa and the critical literature survey of QS inhibitors with their potential application of blocking P. aeruginosa infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snigdha Bhardwaj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, SHALOM Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Naini, Prayagraj, India
| | - Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, SHALOM Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Naini, Prayagraj, India
| | - Shaminder Singh
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001, Haryana, India
| | - Francisco Franco Jr
- Department of Chemistry, De La Salle University, Manila, Metro Manila, Philippines
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18
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Wang T, Flint S, Palmer J. Heterogeneous response of Geobacillus stearothermophilus biofilms to calcium. Int Dairy J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2020.104961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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19
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π-Helix controls activity of oxygen-sensing diguanylate cyclases. Biosci Rep 2021; 40:222070. [PMID: 32039439 PMCID: PMC7033309 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20193602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of organisms to sense and adapt to oxygen levels in their environment leads to changes in cellular phenotypes, including biofilm formation and virulence. Globin coupled sensors (GCSs) are a family of heme proteins that regulate diverse functions in response to O2 levels, including modulating synthesis of cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP), a bacterial second messenger that regulates biofilm formation. While GCS proteins have been demonstrated to regulate O2-dependent pathways, the mechanism by which the O2 binding event is transmitted from the globin domain to the cyclase domain is unknown. Using chemical cross-linking and subsequent liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, diguanylate cyclase (DGC)-containing GCS proteins from Bordetella pertussis (BpeGReg) and Pectobacterium carotovorum (PccGCS) have been demonstrated to form direct interactions between the globin domain and a middle domain π-helix. Additionally, mutation of the π-helix caused major changes in oligomerization and loss of DGC activity. Furthermore, results from assays with isolated globin and DGC domains found that DGC activity is affected by the cognate globin domain, indicating unique interactions between output domain and cognate globin sensor. Based on these studies a compact GCS structure, which depends on the middle domain π-helix for orienting the three domains, is needed for DGC activity and allows for direct sensor domain interactions with both middle and output domains to transmit the O2 binding signal. The insights from the present study improve our understanding of DGC regulation and provide insight into GCS signaling that may lead to the ability to rationally control O2-dependent GCS activity.
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20
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Yin W, Xu S, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Chou SH, Galperin MY, He J. Ways to control harmful biofilms: prevention, inhibition, and eradication. Crit Rev Microbiol 2020; 47:57-78. [PMID: 33356690 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2020.1842325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Biofilms are complex microbial architectures that encase microbial cells in a matrix comprising self-produced extracellular polymeric substances. Microorganisms living in biofilms are much more resistant to hostile environments than their planktonic counterparts and exhibit enhanced resistance against the microbicides. From the human perspective, biofilms can be classified into beneficial, neutral, and harmful. Harmful biofilms impact food safety, cause plant and animal diseases, and threaten medical fields, making it urgent to develop effective and robust strategies to control harmful biofilms. In this review, we discuss various strategies to control biofilm formation on infected tissues, implants, and medical devices. We classify the current strategies into three main categories: (i) changing the properties of susceptible surfaces to prevent biofilm formation; (ii) regulating signalling pathways to inhibit biofilm formation; (iii) applying external forces to eradicate the biofilm. We hope this review would motivate the development of innovative and effective strategies for controlling harmful biofilms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Siyang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yiting Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Yuling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Shan-Ho Chou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
| | - Michael Y Galperin
- National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jin He
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, PR China
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21
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Zea L, McLean RJ, Rook TA, Angle G, Carter DL, Delegard A, Denvir A, Gerlach R, Gorti S, McIlwaine D, Nur M, Peyton BM, Stewart PS, Sturman P, Velez Justiniano YA. Potential biofilm control strategies for extended spaceflight missions. Biofilm 2020; 2:100026. [PMID: 33447811 PMCID: PMC7798464 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2020.100026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms, surface-adherent microbial communities, are associated with microbial fouling and corrosion in terrestrial water-distribution systems. Biofilms are also present in human spaceflight, particularly in the Water Recovery System (WRS) on the International Space Station (ISS). The WRS is comprised of the Urine Processor Assembly (UPA) and the Water Processor Assembly (WPA) which together recycles wastewater from human urine and recovered humidity from the ISS atmosphere. These wastewaters and various process streams are continually inoculated with microorganisms primarily arising from the space crew microbiome. Biofilm-related fouling has been encountered and addressed in spacecraft in low Earth orbit, including ISS and the Russian Mir Space Station. However, planned future missions beyond low Earth orbit to the Moon and Mars present additional challenges, as resupplying spare parts or support materials would be impractical and the mission timeline would be in the order of years in the case of a mission to Mars. In addition, future missions are expected to include a period of dormancy in which the WRS would be unused for an extended duration. The concepts developed in this review arose from a workshop including NASA personnel and representatives with biofilm expertise from a wide range of industrial and academic backgrounds. Here, we address current strategies that are employed on Earth for biofilm control, including antifouling coatings and biocides and mechanisms for mitigating biofilm growth and damage. These ideas are presented in the context of their applicability to spaceflight and identify proposed new topics of biofilm control that need to be addressed in order to facilitate future extended, crewed, spaceflight missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Zea
- BioServe Space Technologies, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Robin Gerlach
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Sridhar Gorti
- NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | | | - Mononita Nur
- NASA Marshall Spaceflight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA
| | - Brent M. Peyton
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Philip S. Stewart
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | - Paul Sturman
- Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
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22
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Buch PJ, Chai Y, Goluch ED. Bacterial chatter in chronic wound infections. Wound Repair Regen 2020; 29:106-116. [PMID: 33047459 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
One of the hallmark characteristics of chronic diabetic wounds is the presence of biofilm-forming bacteria. Bacteria encapsulated in a biofilm may coexist as a polymicrobial community and communicate with each other through a phenomenon termed quorum sensing (QS). Here, we describe the QS circuits of bacterial species commonly found in chronic diabetic wounds. QS relies on diffusion of signaling molecules and the local concentration changes of these molecules that bacteria experience in wounds. These biochemical signaling pathways play a role not only in biofilm formation and virulence but also in wound healing. They are, therefore, key to understanding the distinctive nature of these infections. While several in vivo and in vitro models exist to study QS in wounds, there has been limited progress in understanding the interplay between QS molecules and host factors that contribute to wound healing. Lastly, we examine the potential of targeting QS for both diagnosis and therapeutic intervention purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranali J Buch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yunrong Chai
- Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Edgar D Goluch
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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23
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Zhang Q, Lyu Y, Huang J, Zhang X, Yu N, Wen Z, Chen S. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of sanguinarine against Providencia rettgeri in vitro. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9543. [PMID: 32864203 PMCID: PMC7427548 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sanguinarine (SAG), a benzophenanthridine alkaloid, occurs in Papaveraceas, Berberidaceae and Ranunculaceae families. Studies have found that SAG has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiproliferative activities in several malignancies and that it exhibits robust antibacterial activities. However, information reported on the action of SAG against Providencia rettgeri is limited in the literature. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of SAG against P. rettgeri in vitro. Methods The agar dilution method was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SAG against P. rettgeri. The intracellular ATP concentration, intracellular pH (pHin), and cell membrane integrity and potential were measured. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and crystal violet staining were used to measure the antibiofilm formation of SAG. Results The MIC of SAG against P. rettgeri was 7.8 μg/mL. SAG inhibited the growth of P. rettgeri and destroyed the integrity of P. rettgeri cell membrane, as reflected mainly through the decreases in the intracellular ATP concentration, pHin and cell membrane potential and significant changes in cellular morphology. The findings of CLSM, FESEM and crystal violet staining indicated that SAG exhibited strong inhibitory effects on the biofilm formation of P. rettgeri and led to the inactivity of biofilm-related P. rettgeri cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Dermatology, PLAGH Hainan Hospital Of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, China
| | - Yansi Lyu
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingkai Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaodong Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Na Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ziping Wen
- Department of Dermatology, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Si Chen
- Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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24
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Patel M, Ashraf MS, Siddiqui AJ, Ashraf SA, Sachidanandan M, Snoussi M, Adnan M, Hadi S. Profiling and Role of Bioactive Molecules from Puntius sophore (Freshwater/Brackish Fish) Skin Mucus with Its Potent Antibacterial, Antiadhesion, and Antibiofilm Activities. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E920. [PMID: 32560562 PMCID: PMC7355610 DOI: 10.3390/biom10060920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidermal fish mucus comprises of diverse bioactive metabolites which plays an immense role in defense mechanisms and other important cellular activities. Primarily, this study aims to screen the unexplored mucus extract of Puntius sophore(P. sophore) for its antagonistic potential against common pathogens, which are commonly implicated in foodborne and healthcare associated infections, with effects on their adhesion and biofilm formation. Profiling of the skin mucus was carried out by High Resolution-Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (HR-LCMS), followed by antibacterial activity and assessment of antibiofilm potency and efficacy on the development, formation, and texture of biofilms. Furthermore, bacterial cell damage, viability within the biofilm, checkerboard test, and cytotoxicity were also evaluated. As a result, P. sophore mucus extract was found to be effective against all tested strains. It also impedes the architecture of biofilm matrix by affecting the viability and integrity of bacterial cells within biofilms and reducing the total exopolysaccharide content. A synergy was observed between P. sophore mucus extract and gentamicin for Escherichia coli(E. coli), Pseudomonas aeruginosa(P. aeruginosa), and Bacillus subtilis(B. subtilis), whereas, an additive effect for Staphylococcus aureus(S. aureus). Thus, our findings represent the potent bioactivities of P. sophore mucus extract for the first time, which could be explored further as an alternative to antibiotics or chemically synthesized antibiofilm agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitesh Patel
- Bapalal Vaidya Botanical Research Centre, Department of Biosciences, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat, Gujarat 395007, India;
| | - Mohammad Saquib Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, Shaqra University, Al Dawadimi 17472, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Arif Jamal Siddiqui
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Syed Amir Ashraf
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, College of Applied Medial Sciences, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Manojkumar Sachidanandan
- Department of Oral Radiology, College of Dentistry, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mejdi Snoussi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (M.S.)
- Laboratory of Bioresources: Integrative Biology and Valorization, (LR14-ES06), University of Monastir, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, Avenue Tahar Haddad, BP 74, Monastir 5000, Tunisia
| | - Mohd Adnan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Hail, P.O. Box 2440, Hail, Saudi Arabia; (A.J.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Sibte Hadi
- School of Forensic and Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
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25
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Qian W, Fu Y, Liu M, Wang T, Zhang J, Yang M, Sun Z, Li X, Li Y. In Vitro Antibacterial Activity and Mechanism of Vanillic Acid against Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacter cloacae. Antibiotics (Basel) 2019; 8:antibiotics8040220. [PMID: 31766130 PMCID: PMC6963763 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8040220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vanillic acid (VA) is a flavoring agent found in edible plants and fruits. Few recent studies exhibited robust antibacterial activity of VA against several pathogen microorganisms. However, little was reported about the effect of VA on carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae (CREC). The purpose of the current study was to assess in vitro antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities of VA against CREC. Here, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of VA against CREC was determined via gradient diffusion method. Furthermore, the antibacterial mode of VA against CREC was elucidated by measuring changes in intracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentration, intracellular pH (pHin), cell membrane potential and membrane integrity. In addition, antibiofilm formation of VA was measured by crystal violet assay and visualized with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The results showed that MIC of VA against E. cloacae was 600 μg/mL. VA was capable of inhibiting the growth of CREC and destroying the cell membrane integrity of CREC, as confirmed by the decrease of intracellular ATP concentration, pHin and membrane potential as well as distinctive variation in cellular morphology. Moreover, crystal violet staining, FESEM and CLSM results indicated that VA displayed robust inhibitory effects on biofilm formation of CREC and inactivated biofilm-related CREC cells. These findings revealed that VA exhibits potent antibacterial activity against CREC, and thus has potential to be exploited as a natural preservative to control the CREC associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Qian
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (Y.F.); (M.L.); (J.Z.); (Z.S.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.Q.); (T.W.); Tel.: +86-29-86168583 (W.Q. & T.W.)
| | - Yuting Fu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (Y.F.); (M.L.); (J.Z.); (Z.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Miao Liu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (Y.F.); (M.L.); (J.Z.); (Z.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (Y.F.); (M.L.); (J.Z.); (Z.S.); (X.L.)
- Correspondence: (W.Q.); (T.W.); Tel.: +86-29-86168583 (W.Q. & T.W.)
| | - Jianing Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (Y.F.); (M.L.); (J.Z.); (Z.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Min Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (Y.F.); (M.L.); (J.Z.); (Z.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Zhaohuan Sun
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (Y.F.); (M.L.); (J.Z.); (Z.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiang Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi’an 710021, China; (Y.F.); (M.L.); (J.Z.); (Z.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Yongdong Li
- Ningbo Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo 315010, China;
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Qvortrup K, Hultqvist LD, Nilsson M, Jakobsen TH, Jansen CU, Uhd J, Andersen JB, Nielsen TE, Givskov M, Tolker-Nielsen T. Small Molecule Anti-biofilm Agents Developed on the Basis of Mechanistic Understanding of Biofilm Formation. Front Chem 2019; 7:742. [PMID: 31737611 PMCID: PMC6838868 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilms are the cause of persistent infections associated with various medical implants and distinct body sites such as the urinary tract, lungs, and wounds. Compared with their free living counterparts, bacteria in biofilms display a highly increased resistance to immune system activities and antibiotic treatment. Therefore, biofilm infections are difficult or impossible to treat with our current armory of antibiotics. The challenges associated with biofilm infections have urged researchers to pursue a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms that are involved in the formation and dispersal of biofilms, and this has led to the identification of several steps that could be targeted in order to eradicate these challenging infections. Here we describe mechanisms that are involved in the regulation of biofilm development in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and Acinetobacter baumannii, and provide examples of chemical compounds that have been developed to specifically inhibit these processes. These compounds include (i) pilicides and curlicides which inhibit the initial steps of biofilm formation by E. coli; (ii) compounds that interfere with c-di-GMP signaling in P. aeruginosa and E. coli; and (iii) compounds that inhibit quorum-sensing in P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. In cases where compound series have a defined molecular target, we focus on elucidating structure activity relationship (SAR) trends within the particular compound series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrine Qvortrup
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Louise Dahl Hultqvist
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Nilsson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tim Holm Jakobsen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jesper Uhd
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Bo Andersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Nielsen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Michael Givskov
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tim Tolker-Nielsen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Costerton Biofilm Center, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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27
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The Pathogenic Factors from Oral Streptococci for Systemic Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184571. [PMID: 31540175 PMCID: PMC6770522 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The oral cavity is suggested as the reservoir of bacterial infection, and the oral and pharyngeal biofilms formed by oral bacterial flora, which is comprised of over 700 microbial species, have been found to be associated with systemic conditions. Almost all oral microorganisms are non-pathogenic opportunistic commensals to maintain oral health condition and defend against pathogenic microorganisms. However, oral Streptococci, the first microorganisms to colonize oral surfaces and the dominant microorganisms in the human mouth, has recently gained attention as the pathogens of various systemic diseases, such as infective endocarditis, purulent infections, brain hemorrhage, intestinal inflammation, and autoimmune diseases, as well as bacteremia. As pathogenic factors from oral Streptococci, extracellular polymeric substances, toxins, proteins and nucleic acids as well as vesicles, which secrete these components outside of bacterial cells in biofilm, have been reported. Therefore, it is necessary to consider that the relevance of these pathogenic factors to systemic diseases and also vaccine candidates to protect infectious diseases caused by Streptococci. This review article focuses on the mechanistic links among pathogenic factors from oral Streptococci, inflammation, and systemic diseases to provide the current understanding of oral biofilm infections based on biofilm and widespread systemic diseases.
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28
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Zhang B, Zhuang X, Guo L, McLean RJC, Chu W. Recombinant N-acyl homoserine lactone-Lactonase AiiA QSI-1 Attenuates Aeromonas hydrophila Virulence Factors, Biofilm Formation and Reduces Mortality in Crucian Carp. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E499. [PMID: 31461929 PMCID: PMC6780897 DOI: 10.3390/md17090499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum quenching (QQ) is a promising alternative infection-control strategy to antibiotics that controls quorum-regulated virulence without killing the pathogens. Aeromonas hydrophila is an opportunistic gram-negative pathogen living in freshwater and marine environments. A. hydrophila possesses an N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL)-based quorum-sensing (QS) system that regulates virulence, so quorum signal-inactivation (i.e., QQ) may represent a new way to combat A. hydrophila infection. In this study, an AHL lactonase gene, aiiA was cloned from Bacillus sp. strain QSI-1 and expressed in Escherichia coli strain BL21(DE3). The A. hydrophila hexanoyl homoserine lactone (C6-HSL) QS signal molecule was degraded by AiiAQSI-1, which resulted in a decrease of bacterial swimming motility, reduction of extracellular protease and hemolysin virulence factors, and inhibited the biofilm formation of A. hydrophila YJ-1 in a microtiter assay. In cell culture studies, AiiAQSI-1 decreased the ability of A. hydrophila adherence to and internalization by Epithelioma papulosum cyprini (EPC) cells. During in vivo studies, oral administration of AiiAQSI-1 via feed supplementation attenuated A. hydrophila infection in Crucian Carp. Results from this work indicate that feed supplementation with AiiAQSI-1 protein has potential to control A. hydrophila aquaculture disease via QQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xiyi Zhuang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Liyun Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Institute of Fisheries Science, Nanjing 210036, China
| | - Robert J C McLean
- Department of Biology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX 78666, USA
| | - Weihua Chu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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29
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Advances in research on signal molecules regulating biofilms. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2019; 35:130. [PMID: 31385043 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-019-2706-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial biofilms (BFs) are membrane-like structures formed by the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) by bacteria. The formation of BFs contributes to bacterial survival and drug resistance. When bacteria proliferate, they produce secondary metabolites that act as signaling molecules in bacterial communities that regulate intracellular and cell-to-cell communication. This communication can directly affect the physiological behavior of bacteria, including the production and emission of light (bioluminescence), the expression of virulence factors, the resistance to antibiotics, and the shift between planktonic and biofilm lifestyles. We review the major signaling molecules that regulate BF formation, with a focus on quorum-sensing systems (QS), cyclic diguanylate (c-di-GMP), two-component systems (TCS), and small RNA (sRNA). Understanding these processes will lead to new approaches for treating chronic diseases and preventing bacterial resistance.
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30
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Singh N, Paknikar KM, Rajwade J. Gene expression is influenced due to 'nano' and 'ionic' copper in pre-formed Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 175:367-375. [PMID: 31153105 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Today, researchers across the globe suggest the use of antimicrobial coatings containing copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) complementing the traditional protocols to prevent hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Since Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the commonest opportunistic pathogens, we assessed the anti-biofilm activity of CuNPs in P. aeruginosa MTCC 3541 and compared it with Cu2+ (copper sulphate) since the latter continues to be used as an antimicrobial-of-choice in food industries, agriculture and water treatment. In this study, we synthesized and characterized stable poly-acrylic acid (PAA) coated CuNPs with a size of 66-150 nm and zeta potential -13 mV. Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 3541 biofilms were highly resistant to both CuNPs and Cu2+ (minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration, MBIC 300 and >600 μg/mL respectively). Scanning electron microscopy revealed alterations in cell morphology upon treatment with CuNPs. A closer analysis of the biofilm-specific gene expression (qRT-PCR) revealed that CuNPs downregulated the genes involved in biofilm matrix formation, motility, efflux, membrane lipoprotein synthesis and DNA replication. Both, CuNPs and Cu2+ up regulated copper resistance and biofilm dispersion genes. Copper did not affect the bacterial communication system as evidenced by downregulation of the negative regulator of quorum sensing. The gene expression analysis reveals multiple cellular targets for CuNPs and ionic Cu. The present study highlights the fact that CuNPs affect the membrane functions adversely damaging the cell surface. In pre-formed biofilms, CuNPs were more toxic and displayed distinct responses attributable due to 'nano' and 'ionic' copper. Our findings thus support the use of CuNPs for curbing HAIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Singh
- Nanobioscience Group, Agharkar Research Institute, G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004, Maharashtra, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkind Road, Pune, 41107, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kishore M Paknikar
- Nanobioscience Group, Agharkar Research Institute, G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004, Maharashtra, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkind Road, Pune, 41107, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Jyutika Rajwade
- Nanobioscience Group, Agharkar Research Institute, G. G. Agarkar Road, Pune, 411 004, Maharashtra, India; Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkind Road, Pune, 41107, Maharashtra, India.
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31
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Hendiani S, Rybtke ML, Tolker-Nielsen T, Kashef N. Sub-lethal antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation affects Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 quorum sensing and cyclic di-GMP regulatory systems. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2019; 27:467-473. [PMID: 31362113 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation (APDI) is a new therapeutic modality which needs more precision during application due to the possibility of exposure of bacteria to sub-lethal doses (sAPDI). In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of sAPDI on Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing (QS) and c-di-GMP signaling which are important virulence factor regulatory systems. METHODS Biofilm formation, pyoverdine, pyocyanin and protease production of P. aeruginosa was evaluated before and after a single sAPDI treatment with 0.8 mM methylene blue (MB) plus 1, 2, and 5-min irradiation with red laser light. Fluorescent lasB, rhlA, pqsA, and cdrA reporters of P. aeruginosa PAO1 and P. aeruginosa ΔmexAB-oprM were treated individually with sAPDI and the regulatory signals were detected. The gene expressions were also assessed after sAPDI using quantitative real-time PCR analysis. RESULTS Morphological observations and molecular assessments indicated that sAPDI with 0.8 mM MB along with 2- and 5-min irradiation led to an increase in the expression of the Las QS system and c-di-GMP signaling, while 1 min irradiation revealed dissimilar results (increase in lasB expression and decrease in c-di-GMP levels). Expression of rhlA and pqsA did not change in response to sAPDI. Further, a severe lethal effect of sAPDI was observed in P. aeruginosa ΔmexAB-oprM as compared with the wild type strain, whilst there was no difference in QS and c-di-GMP levels as detected by reporters between treated and untreated samples. CONCLUSION The results suggest that sAPDI affects QS and c-di-GMP signaling inP. aeruginosa in a time-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saghar Hendiani
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Morten Levin Rybtke
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Tim Tolker-Nielsen
- Costerton Biofilm Center, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Nasim Kashef
- Department of Microbiology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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32
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Rizzato C, Torres J, Kasamatsu E, Camorlinga-Ponce M, Bravo MM, Canzian F, Kato I. Potential Role of Biofilm Formation in the Development of Digestive Tract Cancer With Special Reference to Helicobacter pylori Infection. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:846. [PMID: 31110496 PMCID: PMC6501431 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria are highly social organisms that communicate via signaling molecules and can assume a multicellular lifestyle to build biofilm communities. Until recently, complications from biofilm-associated infection have been primarily ascribed to increased bacterial resistance to antibiotics and host immune evasion, leading to persistent infection. In this theory and hypothesis article we present a relatively new argument that biofilm formation has potential etiological role in the development of digestive tract cancer. First, we summarize recent new findings suggesting the potential link between bacterial biofilm and various types of cancer to build the foundation of our hypothesis. To date, evidence has been particularly convincing for colorectal cancer and its precursor, i.e., polyps, pointing to several key individual bacterial species, such as Bacteroides fragilis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus gallolyticus subsp. Gallolyticus. Then, we further extend this hypothesis to one of the most common bacterial infection in humans, Helicobacter pylori (Hp), which is considered a major cause of gastric cancer. Thus far, there has been no direct evidence linking in vivo Hp gastric biofilm formation to gastric carcinogenesis. Yet, we synthesize the information to support an argument that biofilm associated-Hp is potentially more carcinogenic, summarizing biological characteristics of biofilm-associated bacteria. We also discuss mechanistic pathways as to how Hp or other biofilm-associated bacteria control biofilm formation and highlight recent findings on Hp genes that influence biofilm formation, which may lead to strain variability in biofilm formation. This knowledge may open a possibility of developing targeted intervention. We conclude, however, that this field is still in its infancy. To test the hypothesis rigorously and to link it ultimately to gastric pathologies (e.g., premalignant lesions and cancer), studies are needed to learn more about Hp biofilms, such as compositions and biological properties of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS), presence of non-Hp microbiome and geographical distribution of biofilms in relation to gastric gland types and structures. Identification of specific Hp strains with enhanced biofilm formation would be helpful not only for screening patients at high risk for sequelae from Hp infection, but also for development of new antibiotics to avoid resistance, regardless of its association with gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cosmeri Rizzato
- Department of Translation Research and of New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Javier Torres
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Unidades Médicas de Alta Especialidad Pediatría, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Elena Kasamatsu
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud, National University of Asunción, Asunción, Paraguay
| | - Margarita Camorlinga-Ponce
- Unidad de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Unidades Médicas de Alta Especialidad Pediatría, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Mercedes Bravo
- Grupo de Investigación en Biología del Cáncer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ikuko Kato
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
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33
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Lu L, Hu W, Tian Z, Yuan D, Yi G, Zhou Y, Cheng Q, Zhu J, Li M. Developing natural products as potential anti-biofilm agents. Chin Med 2019; 14:11. [PMID: 30936939 PMCID: PMC6425673 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm is a natural form of bacterial growth ubiquitously in environmental niches. The biofilm formation results in increased resistance to negative environmental influences including resistance to antibiotics and antimicrobial agents. Quorum sensing (QS) is cell-to-cell communication mechanism, which plays an important role in biofilm development and balances the environment when the bacteria density becomes high. Due to the prominent points of biofilms implicated in infectious disease and the spread of multi-drug resistance, it is urgent to discover new antibacterial agents that can regulate biofilm formation and development. Accumulated evidences demonstrated that natural products from plants had antimicrobial and chemo-preventive properties in modulation of biofilm formation in the last two decades. This review will summarize recent studies on the discovery of natural anti-biofilm agents from plants with clear-cut mechanisms or identified molecular addresses, as well as some herbs with unknown mechanisms or unidentified bioactive ingredients. We also focus on the progression of techniques on the extraction and identification of natural anti-biofilm substances. Besides, anti-biofilm therapeutics undergoing clinical trials are discussed. These newly discovered natural anti-biofilm agents are promising candidates which could provide novel strategies for biofilm-associated infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Lu
- 1Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan People's Republic of China.,2Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Hu
- 4Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong People's Republic of China.,5Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeru Tian
- 6School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Yuan
- 7Department of Internal Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Guojuan Yi
- 1Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Zhou
- 1Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Cheng
- 1Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- 1Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Li
- 2Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan People's Republic of China.,South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, Sichuan People's Republic of China
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Abstract
Antibiotic tolerance, the capacity of genetically susceptible bacteria to survive the lethal effects of antibiotic treatment, plays a critical and underappreciated role in the disease burden of bacterial infections. Here, we take a pathogen-by-pathogen approach to illustrate the clinical significance of antibiotic tolerance and discuss how the physiology of specific pathogens in their infection environments impacts the mechanistic underpinnings of tolerance. We describe how these insights are leading to the development of species-specific therapeutic strategies for targeting antibiotic tolerance and highlight experimental platforms that are enabling us to better understand the complexities of drug-tolerant pathogens in in vivo settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvain Meylan
- Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, CH-4031, Switzerland; Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, Basel University Hospital, Basel, CH-4031, Switzerland; Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ian W Andrews
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA
| | - James J Collins
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Institute for Medical Engineering & Science, Department of Biological Engineering, and Synthetic Biology Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA; Harvard-MIT Program in Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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35
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Turkina MV, Vikström E. Bacteria-Host Crosstalk: Sensing of the Quorum in the Context of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections. J Innate Immun 2018; 11:263-279. [PMID: 30428481 DOI: 10.1159/000494069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-to-cell signaling via small molecules is an essential process to coordinate behavior in single species within a community, and also across kingdoms. In this review, we discuss the quorum sensing (QS) systems used by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to sense bacterial population density and fitness, and regulate virulence, biofilm development, metabolite acquisition, and mammalian host defense. We also focus on the role of N-acylhomoserine lactone-dependent QS signaling in the modulation of innate immune responses connected together via calcium signaling, homeostasis, mitochondrial and cytoskeletal dynamics, and governing transcriptional and proteomic responses of host cells. A future perspective emphasizes the need for multidisciplinary efforts to bring current knowledge of QS into a more detailed understanding of the communication between bacteria and host, as well as into strategies to prevent and treat P. aeruginosa infections and reduce the rate of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Turkina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Elena Vikström
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden,
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36
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Lakemeyer M, Zhao W, Mandl FA, Hammann P, Sieber SA. Thinking Outside the Box-Novel Antibacterials To Tackle the Resistance Crisis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:14440-14475. [PMID: 29939462 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The public view on antibiotics as reliable medicines changed when reports about "resistant superbugs" appeared in the news. While reasons for this resistance development are easily spotted, solutions for re-establishing effective antibiotics are still in their infancy. This Review encompasses several aspects of the antibiotic development pipeline from very early strategies to mature drugs. An interdisciplinary overview is given of methods suitable for mining novel antibiotics and strategies discussed to unravel their modes of action. Select examples of antibiotics recently identified by using these platforms not only illustrate the efficiency of these measures, but also highlight promising clinical candidates with therapeutic potential. Furthermore, the concept of molecules that disarm pathogens by addressing gatekeepers of virulence will be covered. The Review concludes with an evaluation of antibacterials currently in clinical development. Overall, this Review aims to connect select innovative antimicrobial approaches to stimulate interdisciplinary partnerships between chemists from academia and industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Lakemeyer
- Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Weining Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Franziska A Mandl
- Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
| | - Peter Hammann
- R&D Therapeutic Area Infectious Diseases, Sanofi-Aventis (Deutschland) GmbH, Industriepark Höchst, 65926, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Stephan A Sieber
- Department of Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM), Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747, Garching, Germany
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37
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Lakemeyer M, Zhao W, Mandl FA, Hammann P, Sieber SA. Über bisherige Denkweisen hinaus - neue Wirkstoffe zur Überwindung der Antibiotika-Krise. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201804971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Lakemeyer
- Fakultät für Chemie; Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM); Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
| | - Weining Zhao
- Fakultät für Chemie; Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM); Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
| | - Franziska A. Mandl
- Fakultät für Chemie; Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM); Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
| | - Peter Hammann
- R&D Therapeutic Area Infectious Diseases; Sanofi-Aventis (Deutschland) GmbH; Industriepark Höchst 65926 Frankfurt am Main Deutschland
| | - Stephan A. Sieber
- Fakultät für Chemie; Lehrstuhl für Organische Chemie II, Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPSM); Technische Universität München; Lichtenbergstraße 4 85747 Garching Deutschland
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38
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Baptista PV, McCusker MP, Carvalho A, Ferreira DA, Mohan NM, Martins M, Fernandes AR. Nano-Strategies to Fight Multidrug Resistant Bacteria-"A Battle of the Titans". Front Microbiol 2018; 9:1441. [PMID: 30013539 PMCID: PMC6036605 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 401] [Impact Index Per Article: 66.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases remain one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The WHO and CDC have expressed serious concern regarding the continued increase in the development of multidrug resistance among bacteria. Therefore, the antibiotic resistance crisis is one of the most pressing issues in global public health. Associated with the rise in antibiotic resistance is the lack of new antimicrobials. This has triggered initiatives worldwide to develop novel and more effective antimicrobial compounds as well as to develop novel delivery and targeting strategies. Bacteria have developed many ways by which they become resistant to antimicrobials. Among those are enzyme inactivation, decreased cell permeability, target protection, target overproduction, altered target site/enzyme, increased efflux due to over-expression of efflux pumps, among others. Other more complex phenotypes, such as biofilm formation and quorum sensing do not appear as a result of the exposure of bacteria to antibiotics although, it is known that biofilm formation can be induced by antibiotics. These phenotypes are related to tolerance to antibiotics in bacteria. Different strategies, such as the use of nanostructured materials, are being developed to overcome these and other types of resistance. Nanostructured materials can be used to convey antimicrobials, to assist in the delivery of novel drugs or ultimately, possess antimicrobial activity by themselves. Additionally, nanoparticles (e.g., metallic, organic, carbon nanotubes, etc.) may circumvent drug resistance mechanisms in bacteria and, associated with their antimicrobial potential, inhibit biofilm formation or other important processes. Other strategies, including the combined use of plant-based antimicrobials and nanoparticles to overcome toxicity issues, are also being investigated. Coupling nanoparticles and natural-based antimicrobials (or other repurposed compounds) to inhibit the activity of bacterial efflux pumps; formation of biofilms; interference of quorum sensing; and possibly plasmid curing, are just some of the strategies to combat multidrug resistant bacteria. However, the use of nanoparticles still presents a challenge to therapy and much more research is needed in order to overcome this. In this review, we will summarize the current research on nanoparticles and other nanomaterials and how these are or can be applied in the future to fight multidrug resistant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro V. Baptista
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Matthew P. McCusker
- School of Food Science and Environmental Health, College of Sciences and Health, Dublin Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Andreia Carvalho
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Daniela A. Ferreira
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, Schools of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh M. Mohan
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, Schools of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Nuritas Limited, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marta Martins
- Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, Schools of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, University of Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Alexandra R. Fernandes
- UCIBIO, Departamento de Ciências da Vida, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
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39
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Corvec S. Clinical and Biological Features of Cutibacterium (Formerly Propionibacterium) avidum, an Underrecognized Microorganism. Clin Microbiol Rev 2018; 31:e00064-17. [PMID: 29848774 PMCID: PMC6056840 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00064-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent description of the genus Cutibacterium has altered the taxonomy of Propionibacterium species. These organisms still belong to the genera of the skin coryneform group, and the most-studied species remains Cutibacterium acnes. Cutibacterium avidum is also a known skin commensal. This underrecognized microorganism can, however, act as a pathogen after bacterial seeding and can be considered opportunistic, causing either superficial or deep/invasive infections. It can cause numerous infections, including but not limited to breast infections, skin abscesses, infective endocarditis, and device-related infections. The ecological niche of C. avidum is clearly different from that of other members of the genus: it is found in the axillary region or at wet sites rather than in dry, exposed areas, and the number of microorganisms increases during puberty. Historically, it has been used for its ability to modulate the immune response and for its antitumor properties. Conventional microbial culture methods and identification processes allow for its accurate identification and characterization. Thanks to the modern omics tools used for phylogenomic approaches, understanding C. avidum pathogenesis (including host-bacterium interactions and virulence factor characterization) is becoming easier, allowing for more thorough molecular characterization. These analyses have revealed that C. avidum causes diverse diseases mediated by multiple virulence factors. The recent genome approach has revealed specific genomic regions within this species that are involved in adherence and biofilm formation as well as fitness, survival, and defense functions. Numerous regions show the presence of phages and horizontal gene transfer. C. avidum remains highly sensitive to a broad spectrum of antibiotics, such as β-lactams, fluoroquinolones, macrolides, and rifampin, although erythromycin and clindamycin resistance has been described. A long-term treatment regimen with a combination of antibiotics is required to successfully eliminate the remaining adherent bacteria, particularly in the case of deep infections after debridement surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Corvec
- CHU Nantes, Service de Bactériologie-Hygiène Hospitalière, Nantes, France
- CRCINA, INSERM, U1232, Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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40
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Mystkowska J, Niemirowicz-Laskowska K, Łysik D, Tokajuk G, Dąbrowski JR, Bucki R. The Role of Oral Cavity Biofilm on Metallic Biomaterial Surface Destruction-Corrosion and Friction Aspects. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E743. [PMID: 29509686 PMCID: PMC5877604 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19030743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 02/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metallic biomaterials in the oral cavity are exposed to many factors such as saliva, bacterial microflora, food, temperature fluctuations, and mechanical forces. Extreme conditions present in the oral cavity affect biomaterial exploitation and significantly reduce its biofunctionality, limiting the time of exploitation stability. We mainly refer to friction, corrosion, and biocorrosion processes. Saliva plays an important role and is responsible for lubrication and biofilm formation as a transporter of nutrients for microorganisms. The presence of metallic elements in the oral cavity may lead to the formation of electro-galvanic cells and, as a result, may induce corrosion. Transitional microorganisms such as sulfate-reducing bacteria may also be present among the metabolic microflora in the oral cavity, which can induce biological corrosion. Microorganisms that form a biofilm locally change the conditions on the surface of biomaterials and contribute to the intensification of the biocorrosion processes. These processes may enhance allergy to metals, inflammation, or cancer development. On the other hand, the presence of saliva and biofilm may significantly reduce friction and wear on enamel as well as on biomaterials. This work summarizes data on the influence of saliva and oral biofilms on the destruction of metallic biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Mystkowska
- Department of Materials Engineering and Production, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Niemirowicz-Laskowska
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Dawid Łysik
- Department of Materials Engineering and Production, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Grażyna Tokajuk
- Department of Integrated Dentistry, Medical University of Bialystok, M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24a, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Jan R Dąbrowski
- Department of Materials Engineering and Production, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Robert Bucki
- Department of Microbiological and Nanobiomedical Engineering, Medical University of Bialystok, Mickiewicza 2C, 15-222 Bialystok, Poland.
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