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Williams ZJ, Alvarez-Laviada A, Hoagland D, Jourdan LJ, Poelzing S, Gorelik J, Gourdie RG. Development and characterization of the mode-of-action of inhibitory and agonist peptides targeting the voltage-gated sodium channel SCN1B beta-subunit. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 194:32-45. [PMID: 38942073 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmia treatment is a clinical challenge necessitating safer and more effective therapies. Recent studies have highlighted the role of the perinexus, an intercalated disc nanodomain enriched in voltage-gated sodium channels including both Nav1.5 and β1 subunits, adjacent to gap junctions. These findings offer insights into action potential conduction in the heart. A 19-amino acid SCN1B (β1/β1B) mimetic peptide, βadp1, disrupts VGSC beta subunit-mediated adhesion in cardiac perinexii, inducing arrhythmogenic changes. We aimed to explore βadp1's mechanism and develop novel SCN1B mimetic peptides affecting β1-mediated adhesion. Using patch clamp assays in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and electric cell substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) in β1-expressing cells, we observed βadp1 maintained inhibitory effects for up to 5 h. A shorter peptide (LQLEED) based on the carboxyl-terminus of βadp1 mimicked this inhibitory effect, while dimeric peptides containing repeated LQLEED sequences paradoxically promoted intercellular adhesion over longer time courses. Moreover, we found a link between these peptides and β1-regulated intramembrane proteolysis (RIP) - a signaling pathway effecting gene transcription including that of VGSC subunits. βadp1 increased RIP continuously over 48 h, while dimeric agonists acutely boosted RIP for up to 6 h. In the presence of DAPT, an RIP inhibitor, βadp1's effects on ECIS-measured intercellular adhesion was reduced, suggesting a relationship between RIP and the peptide's inhibitory action. In conclusion, novel SCN1B (β1/β1B) mimetic peptides are reported with the potential to modulate intercellular VGSC β1-mediated adhesion, potentially through β1 RIP. These findings suggest a path towards the development of anti-arrhythmic drugs targeting the perinexus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Williams
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | | | - Daniel Hoagland
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - L Jane Jourdan
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Steven Poelzing
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, United States; School of Medicine, Virgina Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, United States
| | - Julia Gorelik
- Department of Myocardial Function, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert G Gourdie
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, United States; School of Medicine, Virgina Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, United States; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic University, Roanoke, VA, United States.
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2
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Murphy J, Kirk CW, Lambert DM, McGorrian C, Walsh R, McVeigh TP, Prendiville T, Ward D, Galvin J, Lynch SA. Diagnostic yield from cardiac gene testing for inherited cardiac conditions and re-evaluation of pre-ACMG variants of uncertain significance. Ir J Med Sci 2024; 193:1775-1785. [PMID: 38489124 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-024-03650-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited cardiomyopathies (HCM, DCM, ACM) and cardiac ion channelopathies (long QT/Brugada syndromes, CPVT) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality; however, diagnosis of a familial pathogenic variant in a proband allows for subsequent cascade screening of their at-risk relatives. AIMS We investigated the diagnostic yield from cardiac gene panel testing and reviewed variants of uncertain significance from patients attending three specialist cardiogenetics services in Ireland in the years 2002 to 2020. RESULTS Reviewing molecular genetic diagnostic reports of 834 patients from 820 families, the initial diagnostic yield of pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants was 237/834 patients (28.4%), increasing to 276/834 patients (33.1%) following re-evaluation of cases with variant(s) of uncertain significance. Altogether, 42/85 patients with VUS reviewed (49.4%) had a re-classification that could change their clinical management. Females were more likely to carry pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants than males (139/374, 37.2% vs 137/460, 29.8%, respectively, p = 0.03), and the diagnostic yields were highest in the 0 to < 2 years age group (6/12, 50.0%) and amongst those tested for cardiomyopathy gene panels (13/35, 37.1%). Variants in the MYBPC3/MYH7 (87/109, 79.8%) and KCNQ1/KCNH2 (91/100, 91.0%) genes were the predominant genetic causes for hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and long QT syndrome, respectively. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the importance of collation and review of pre-ACMG genetic variants to increase diagnostic utility of genetic testing for inherited heart disease. Almost half of patients with pre-ACMG VUS reviewed had their variant re-classified to likely pathogenic/likely benign which resulted in a positive clinical impact for patients and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Murphy
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
| | - Claire W Kirk
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Deborah M Lambert
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Catherine McGorrian
- Family Heart Screening Clinic, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Roddy Walsh
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Cardiology, Heart Centre, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Terri P McVeigh
- Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom
| | - Terence Prendiville
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
| | - Deirdre Ward
- Centre for Cardiac Risk in the Young Persons, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - Joseph Galvin
- Family Heart Screening Clinic, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Eccles Street, Dublin 7, Ireland
| | - Sally Ann Lynch
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Children's Health Ireland at Crumlin, Crumlin, Dublin 12, Ireland
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Li J, Wang F, Liu X, Yang Z, Hua X, Zhu H, Valdivia CR, Xiao L, Gao S, Valdivia HH, Xiao L, Wang J. OpiCa1-PEG-PLGA nanomicelles antagonize acute heart failure induced by the cocktail of epinephrine and caffeine. Mater Today Bio 2023; 23:100859. [PMID: 38033368 PMCID: PMC10682124 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reducing Ca2+ content in the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) through ryanodine receptors (RyRs) by calcin is a potential intervention strategy for the SR Ca2+ overload triggered by β-adrenergic stress in acute heart diseases. Methods OpiCal-PEG-PLGA nanomicelles were prepared by thin film dispersion, of which the antagonistic effects were observed using an acute heart failure model induced by epinephrine and caffeine in mice. In addition, cardiac targeting, self-stability as well as biotoxicity were determined. Results The synthesized OpiCa1-PEG-PLGA nanomicelles were elliptical with a particle size of 72.26 nm, a PDI value of 0.3, and a molecular weight of 10.39 kDa. The nanomicelles showed a significant antagonistic effect with 100 % survival rate to the death induced by epinephrine and caffeine, which was supported by echocardiography with significantly recovered heart rate, ejection fraction and left ventricular fractional shortening rate. The FITC labeled nanomicelles had a strong membrance penetrating capacity within 2 h and cardiac targeting within 12 h that was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry with a self-prepared OpiCa1 polyclonal antibody. Meanwhile, the nanomicelles can keep better stability and dispersibility in vitro at 4 °C rather than 20 °C or 37 °C, while maintain a low but stable plasma OpiCa1 concentration in vivo within 72 h. Finally, no obvious biotoxicities were observed by CCK-8, flow cytometry, H&E staining and blood biochemical examinations. Conclusion Our study also provide a novel nanodelivery pathway for targeting RyRs and antagonizing the SR Ca2+ disordered heart diseases by actively releasing SR Ca2+ through RyRs with calcin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, ShanXi, TaiGu, 030801, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xinyan Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University (Changhai Hospital), Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhixiao Yang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200433, China
- Teaching and Research Department of Chinese Pharmacy, Yunnan Traditional Chinese Medicine, YunNan, KunMing, 650500, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hua
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hongqiao Zhu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of the Navy Medical University (Changhai Hospital), Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Carmen R. Valdivia
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
- Department of Forensic Toxicological Analysis, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Songyu Gao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Héctor H. Valdivia
- Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Liang Xiao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Jinming Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, ShanXi, TaiGu, 030801, China
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Sebastian SA, Panthangi V, Sethi Y, Padda I, Khan U, Affas ZR, Mareddy C, Dolack L, Johal G. Precision Medicine and Cardiac Channelopathies: Human iPSCs Take the Lead. Curr Probl Cardiol 2023; 48:101990. [PMID: 37495059 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.101990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, usually involving young people. SCD remains a critical public health problem accounting for 185,000-450,000 deaths annually, representing around 7%-18% of all deaths globally. As per evidence, ∼2%-54% of sudden unexpected deaths in people under the age of 35 years fail to show evidence of structural cardiac abnormalities at autopsy, making ion channelopathies the probable causes in such cases. The most generally recognized cardiac ion channelopathies with genetic testing are long QT syndrome (LQTS), Brugada syndrome (BrS), short QT syndrome (SQTS), and catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT). The substantial progress in understanding the genetics of ion channelopathies in the last 2 decades has obliged the early diagnosis and prevention of SCD to a certain extent. In this review, we analyze the critical challenges and recent advancements in the identification, risk stratification, and clinical management of potentially fatal cardiac ion channel disorders. We also emphasize the application of precision medicine (PM) and artificial intelligence (AI) for comprehending the underlying genetic mechanisms, especially the role of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) based platforms to unravel the primary refractory clinical problems associated with channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yashendra Sethi
- PearResearch, Dehradun, India; Department of Internal Medicine, Government Doon Medical College, HNB Uttarakhand Medical Education University, Dehradun, India
| | - Inderbir Padda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center/Mount Sinai, Staten Island, NY
| | - Ubaid Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ziad R Affas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Clinton Township, MI
| | - Chinmaya Mareddy
- Department of Cardiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Lee Dolack
- Department of Cardiology, University of Washington, Valley Medical Center, Seattle, WA
| | - Gurpreet Johal
- Department of Cardiology, University of Washington, Valley Medical Center, Seattle, WA
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Zhang W, Zheng Y, Yan F, Dong M, Ren Y. Research progress of quercetin in cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1203713. [PMID: 38054093 PMCID: PMC10694509 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1203713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin is one of the most common flavonoids. More and more studies have found that quercetin has great potential utilization value in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), such as antioxidant, antiplatelet aggregation, antibacterial, cholesterol lowering, endothelial cell protection, etc. However, the medicinal value of quercetin is mostly limited to animal models and preclinical studies. Due to the complexity of the human body and functional structure compared to animals, more research is needed to explore whether quercetin has the same mechanism of action and pharmacological value as animal experiments. In order to systematically understand the clinical application value of quercetin, this article reviews the research progress of quercetin in CVD, including preclinical and clinical studies. We will focus on the relationship between quercetin and common CVD, such as atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, ischemia reperfusion injury, heart failure, hypertension and arrhythmia, etc. By elaborating on the pathophysiological mechanism and clinical application research progress of quercetin's protective effect on CVD, data support is provided for the transformation of quercetin from laboratory to clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Cancer Prevention and Treatment Institute of Chengdu, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Affiliated Fifth People’s Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine), Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingqing Dong
- Geriatric Diseases Institute of Chengdu, Center for Medicine Research and Translation, Chengdu Fifth People’s Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yazhou Ren
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Marrakchi S, Badenco N, Schumacher S, Bennour E, Livarek B, Gandjbakhch E, Hidden-Lucet F. Focus on malignant ventricular premature contractions. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 2023; 72:101662. [PMID: 37742408 DOI: 10.1016/j.ancard.2023.101662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) are common. Although often benign, they can also be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The aim of this review was to assess the risk evaluation of PVCs in patients with or without structural heart disease and discuss the management of this arrhythmia. Reports published in English were searched in PubMed with the following search terms: premature ventricular contraction, ectopic ventricular beat, ventricular extrasystole, antiarrhythmic drugs, ablation, ventricular arrhythmia, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation and torsade de pointe. This analysis suggests that all patients with frequent PVCs should be assessed for PVC burden, symptom status and the presence of structural heart disease. PVCs in patients with structurally normal hearts was once considered a benign phenomenon. Uncommonly, PVCs may provoke life-threatening arrhythmias. Ventricular fibrillation is the initial mode of malignant rapid ventricular arrhythmias (MRVAs). Patients with malignant PVC and PVC burden >10% are at increased risk of MRVA in case of myocardial infarction and heart failure. MRVA is the primary cause of sudden cardiac death in patients with and without structural heart disease. Therapeutic options include medical therapy and catheter ablation, the latter more effective and potentially curable, particularly in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. The timely recognition and effective treatment of malignant PVCs in symptomatic patients with underling cardiomyopathy are mandatory to initiate early therapies before the occurrence of adverse clinical outcomes and to improve the long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Marrakchi
- Université de Sorbonne, AP-HP, Centre Hospitalo-universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Cardiology, ICAN, Paris, France; Département de Cardiologie, Hospital André Mignot, Versailles, France; University El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie.
| | - N Badenco
- Université de Sorbonne, AP-HP, Centre Hospitalo-universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Cardiology, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - S Schumacher
- Université de Sorbonne, AP-HP, Centre Hospitalo-universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Cardiology, ICAN, Paris, France; Département de Cardiologie, Hospital André Mignot, Versailles, France
| | - E Bennour
- University El Manar, Tunis, Tunisie; Département de Cardiologie, Hospital Abderrahmane Mami Hospital, Tunis, Tunisie
| | - B Livarek
- Département de Cardiologie, Hospital André Mignot, Versailles, France
| | - E Gandjbakhch
- Université de Sorbonne, AP-HP, Centre Hospitalo-universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Cardiology, ICAN, Paris, France
| | - F Hidden-Lucet
- Université de Sorbonne, AP-HP, Centre Hospitalo-universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Institut de Cardiology, ICAN, Paris, France
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Liantonio A, Bertini M, Mele A, Balla C, Dinoi G, Selvatici R, Mele M, De Luca A, Gualandi F, Imbrici P. Brugada Syndrome: More than a Monogenic Channelopathy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2297. [PMID: 37626795 PMCID: PMC10452102 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited cardiac channelopathy first diagnosed in 1992 but still considered a challenging disease in terms of diagnosis, arrhythmia risk prediction, pathophysiology and management. Despite about 20% of individuals carrying pathogenic variants in the SCN5A gene, the identification of a polygenic origin for BrS and the potential role of common genetic variants provide the basis for applying polygenic risk scores for individual risk prediction. The pathophysiological mechanisms are still unclear, and the initial thinking of this syndrome as a primary electrical disease is evolving towards a partly structural disease. This review focuses on the main scientific advancements in the identification of biomarkers for diagnosis, risk stratification, pathophysiology and therapy of BrS. A comprehensive model that integrates clinical and genetic factors, comorbidities, age and gender, and perhaps environmental influences may provide the opportunity to enhance patients' quality of life and improve the therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Liantonio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Matteo Bertini
- Cardiological Center, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Antonietta Mele
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Cristina Balla
- Cardiological Center, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Giorgia Dinoi
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Rita Selvatici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Marco Mele
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
- Cardiothoracic Department, Policlinico Riuniti Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Annamaria De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Paola Imbrici
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
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Khan Z. A Case of Young Brugada Syndrome Patient With Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator Complication Requiring Device Extraction and Reimplantation. Cureus 2023; 15:e43576. [PMID: 37719594 PMCID: PMC10503666 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Brugada syndrome is an arrhythmogenic condition characterized by ST-segment elevation and J-point elevation in at least two precordial leads. Most ST segment elevations are associated with myocardial infarction, although other conditions such as pericarditis, channelopathies, and a few genetic conditions should be considered. Brugada syndrome is an inherited cardiac condition associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). The most common presentation is palpitations or syncopal events in patients presenting to the emergency department. We present the case of a young 26-year-old patient who was diagnosed with Brugada syndrome at the age of 11 following a syncopal event at school and had a transvenous implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implanted. He was found to have a high lead impedance following a collapse at his routine outpatient device clinic appointment and was transferred to our hospital. He underwent successful transvenous ICD and lead extraction and had a subcutaneous ICD implanted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Khan
- Acute Medicine, Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust, Southend on Sea, GBR
- Cardiology, Bart's Heart Centre, London, GBR
- Cardiology and General Medicine, Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, London, GBR
- Cardiology, Royal Free Hospital, London, GBR
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9
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Li P, Tian X, Wang G, Jiang E, Li Y, Hao G. Acute osimertinib exposure induces electrocardiac changes by synchronously inhibiting the currents of cardiac ion channels. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1177003. [PMID: 37324483 PMCID: PMC10267729 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1177003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: As the third generation of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), osimertinib has demonstrated more significant cardiotoxicity than previous generations of EGFR-TKIs. Investigating the mechanism of osimertinib cardiotoxicity can provide a reference for a comprehensive understanding of osimertinib-induced cardiotoxicity and the safety of the usage of this drug in clinical practice. Methods: Multichannel electrical mapping with synchronous ECG recording was used to investigate the effects of varying osimertinib concentrations on electrophysiological indicators in isolated Langendorff-perfused hearts of guinea pigs. Additionally, a whole-cell patch clamp was used to detect the impact of osimertinib on the currents of hERG channels transfected into HEK293 cells and the Nav1.5 channel transfected into Chinese hamster ovary cells and acute isolated ventricular myocytes from SD rats. Results: Acute exposure to varying osimertinib concentrations produced prolongation in the PR interval, QT interval, and QRS complex in isolated hearts of guinea pigs. Meanwhile, this exposure could concentration-dependently increase the conduction time in the left atrium, left ventricle, and atrioventricular without affecting the left ventricle conduction velocity. Osimertinib inhibited the hERG channel in a concentration-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 2.21 ± 1.29 μM. Osimertinib also inhibited the Nav1.5 channel in a concentration-dependent manner, with IC50 values in the absence of inactivation, 20% inactivation, and 50% inactivation of 15.58 ± 0.83 μM, 3.24 ± 0.09 μM, and 2.03 ± 0.57 μM, respectively. Osimertinib slightly inhibited the currents of L-type Ca2+ channels in a concentration-dependent manner in acutely isolated rat ventricular myocytes. Discussion: Osimertinib could prolong the QT interval; PR interval; QRS complex; left atrium, left ventricle, and atrioventricular conduction time in isolated guinea pig hearts. Furthermore, osimertinib could block the hERG, Nav1.5, and L-type Ca2+ channels in concentration-dependent manners. Therefore, these findings might be the leading cause of the cardiotoxicity effects, such as QT prolongation and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiwen Li
- Department of Cardiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xiaohui Tian
- Department of Pharmacy, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Gongxin Wang
- Department of Research, Scope Research Institute of Electrophysiology, Kaifeng, China
| | - Enshe Jiang
- Institute of Nursing and Health, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Yanming Li
- Department of Cardiology, Huaihe Hospital of Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Guoliang Hao
- Department of Research, Scope Research Institute of Electrophysiology, Kaifeng, China
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AlRawashdeh S, Chandrasekaran S, Barakat KH. Structural analysis of hERG channel blockers and the implications for drug design. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 120:108405. [PMID: 36680816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The repolarizing current (Ikr) produced by the hERG potassium channel forms a major component of the cardiac action potential and blocking this current by small molecule drugs can lead to life-threatening cardiotoxicity. Understanding the mechanisms of drug-mediated hERG inhibition is essential to develop a second generation of safe drugs, with minimal cardiotoxic effects. Although various computational tools and drug design guidelines have been developed to avoid binding of drugs to the hERG pore domain, there are many other aspects that are still open for investigation. This includes the use computational modelling to study the implications of hERG mutations on hERG structure and trafficking, the interactions of hERG with hERG chaperone proteins and with membrane-soluble molecules, the mechanisms of drugs that inhibit hERG trafficking and drugs that rescue hERG mutations. The plethora of available experimental data regarding all these aspects can guide the construction of much needed robust computational structural models to study these mechanisms for the rational design of safe drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara AlRawashdeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Khaled H Barakat
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
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Jänsch M, Lubomirov LT, Trum M, Williams T, Schmitt J, Schuh K, Qadri F, Maier LS, Bader M, Ritter O. Inducible over-expression of cardiac Nos1ap causes short QT syndrome in transgenic mice. FEBS Open Bio 2022; 13:118-132. [PMID: 36352324 PMCID: PMC9808597 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence demonstrated that alterations in the QT interval duration on the ECG are not only determined by mutations in genes for ion channels, but also by modulators of ion channels. Changes in the QT interval duration beyond certain thresholds are pathological and can lead to sudden cardiac death. We here focus on the ion channel modulator nitric oxide synthase 1 adaptor protein (Nos1ap). Whole-cell patch-clamp measurements of a conditional transgenic mouse model exhibiting cardiac-specific Nos1ap over-expression revealed a Nos1ap-dependent increase of L-type calcium channel nitrosylation, which led to increased susceptibility to ventricular tachycardias associated with a decrease in QT duration and shortening of APD90 duration. Survival was significantly reduced (60% after 12 weeks vs. 100% in controls). Examination of the structural features of the hearts of transgenic mice revealed constant heart dimensions and wall thickness without abnormal fibrosis content or BNP production after 3 months of Nos1ap over-expression compared to controls. Nos1ap over-expression did not alter cGMP production or ROS concentration. Our study showed that myocardial over-expression of Nos1ap leads to the shortening of the QT interval and reduces the survival rate of transgenic animals, perhaps via the development of ventricular arrhythmias. We conclude that Nos1ap overexpression causes targeted subcellular localization of Nos1 to the CaV1.2 with a subsequent decrease of ADP90 and the QT interval. This causes detrimental cardiac arrhythmias in transgenic mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Jänsch
- Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Pneumology, Brandenburg Medical SchoolUniversity Hospital BrandenburgGermany
| | | | - Maximilian Trum
- Department of Internal Medicine IIUniversity Hospital RegensburgGermany
| | - Tatjana Williams
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center and Department of Internal Medicine IUniversity Hospital WürzburgGermany
| | - Joachim Schmitt
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical PharmacologyHeinrich Heine UniversityDüsseldorfGermany
| | - Kai Schuh
- Institute of PhysiologyUniversity of WürzburgGermany
| | - Fatimunnisa Qadri
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC)BerlinGermany
| | - Lars S. Maier
- Department of Internal Medicine IIUniversity Hospital RegensburgGermany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max‐Delbrück‐Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC)BerlinGermany,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)BerlinGermany,Charité University MedicineBerlinGermany,Institute for BiologyUniversity of LübeckGermany
| | - Oliver Ritter
- Department of Cardiology, Nephrology and Pneumology, Brandenburg Medical SchoolUniversity Hospital BrandenburgGermany,Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, Clinic for Internal Medicine IUniversity Hospital BrandenburgGermany,Faculty of Health Sciences, Joint Faculty of the Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus – SenftenbergThe Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane and the University of PotsdamGermany
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12
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Chen J, Li H, Guo S, Yang Z, Sun S, Zeng J, Gou H, Chen Y, Wang F, Lin Y, Huang K, Yue H, Ma Y, Lin Y. Whole exome sequencing in Brugada and long QT syndromes revealed novel rare and potential pathogenic mutations related to the dysfunction of the cardiac sodium channel. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2022; 17:394. [PMID: 36303204 PMCID: PMC9615250 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-022-02542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Brugada syndrome (Brs) and long QT syndrome (LQTs) are the most observed “inherited primary arrhythmia syndromes” and “channelopathies”, which lead to sudden cardiac death. Methods Detailed clinical information of Brs and LQTs patients was collected. Genomic DNA samples of peripheral blood were conducted for whole-exome sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. Then, we performed bioinformatics analysis for 200 genes susceptible to arrhythmias and cardiomyopathies. Protein interaction and transcriptomic co-expression were analyzed using the online website and GTEx database.
Results All sixteen cases of Brs and six cases of LQTs were enrolled in the current study. Four Brs carried known pathogenic or likely pathogenic of single-point mutations, including SCN5A p.R661W, SCN5A p.R965C, and KCNH2 p.R692Q. One Brs carried the heterozygous compound mutations of DSG2 p.F531C and SCN5A p.A1374S. Two Brs carried the novel heterozygous truncated mutations (MAF < 0.001) of NEBL (p.R882X) and NPPA (p.R107X), respectively. Except for the indirect interaction between NEBL and SCN5A, NPPA directly interacts with SCN5A. These gene expressions had a specific and significant positive correlation in myocardial tissue, with high degrees of co-expression and synergy. Two Brs carried MYH7 p.E1902Q and MYH6 p.R1820Q, which were predicted as "damaging/possibly damaging" and "damaging/damaging" by Polyphen and SIFT algorithm. Two LQTs elicited the pathogenic single splicing mutation of KCNQ1 (c.922-1G > C). Three LQTs carried a single pathogenic mutation of SCN5A p.R1880H, KCNH2 p.D161N, and KCNQ1 p.R243S, respectively. One patient of LQTs carried a frameshift mutation of KCNH2 p. A188Gfs*143. Conclusions The truncated mutations of NEBL (p.R882X) and NPPA (p.R107X) may induce Brugada syndrome by abnormally affecting cardiac sodium channel. SCN5A (p.R661W, p.R965C and p.A1374S) and KCNH2 (p.R692Q) may cause Brugada syndrome, while SCN5A (p.R1880H), KCNQ1 (c.922-1G > C and p.R243S) and KCNH2 (p.D161N and p.A188Gfs*143) may lead to long QT syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China.,The Second Department of Cardiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510310, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong Li
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China.,The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518048, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Sicheng Guo
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China.,College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Zhuhai, 519000, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Shaoping Sun
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China
| | - JunJie Zeng
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hongjuan Gou
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yechang Chen
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yanping Lin
- The Second Department of Cardiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510310, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kun Huang
- The Second Department of Cardiology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second People's Hospital of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, 510310, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hong Yue
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Yuting Ma
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China. .,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yubi Lin
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523710, Guangdong Province, China. .,Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong Geriatrics Institute, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong Province, China.
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13
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Qauli AI, Yoo Y, Marcellinus A, Lim KM. Verification of the Efficacy of Mexiletine Treatment for the A1656D Mutation on Downgrading Reentrant Tachycardia Using a 3D Cardiac Electrophysiological Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:531. [PMID: 36290499 PMCID: PMC9598628 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9100531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The SCN5A mutations have been long associated with long QT variant 3 (LQT3). Recent experimental and computation studies have reported that mexiletine effectively treats LQT3 patients associated with the A1656D mutation. However, they have primarily focused on cellular level evaluations and have only looked at the effects of mexiletine on action potential duration (APD) or QT interval reduction. We further investigated mexiletine's effects on cardiac cells through simulations of single-cell (behavior of alternant occurrence) and 3D (with and without mexiletine). We discovered that mexiletine could shorten the cell's APD and change the alternant's occurrence to a shorter basic cycle length (BCL) between 350 and 420 ms. The alternant also appeared at a normal heart rate under the A1656D mutation. Furthermore, the 3D ventricle simulations revealed that mexiletine could reduce the likelihood of a greater spiral wave breakup in the A1656D mutant condition by minimizing the appearance of rotors. In conclusion, we found that mexiletine could provide extra safety features during therapy for LQT3 patients because it can change the alternant occurrence from a normal to a faster heart rate, and it reduces the chance of a spiral wave breakup. Therefore, these findings emphasize the promising efficacy of mexiletine in treating LQT3 patients under the A1656D mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ikhsanul Qauli
- Department of IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
- Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Engineering, Faculty of Advanced Technology and Multidiscipline, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Jawa Timur, Indonesia
| | - Yedam Yoo
- Department of IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
| | - Aroli Marcellinus
- Department of IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
| | - Ki Moo Lim
- Department of IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39177, Korea
- Department of Medical IT Convergence Engineering, Kumoh National Institute of Technology, Gumi 39253, Korea
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14
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Postrigan AE, Babushkina NP, Svintsova LI, Plotnikova IV, Skryabin NA. Clinical and Genetic Characteristics of Congenital Long QT Syndrome. RUSS J GENET+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795422100064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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15
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Nascimento LV, Neto FL, Ribeiro Moreira DA, Cerutti VB, Thurow HS, Bastos GM, Ferreira EB, Crespo Hirata RD, Hirata MH. Influence of antidepressant drugs on DNA methylation of ion channels genes in blood cells of psychiatric patients. Epigenomics 2022; 14:851-864. [PMID: 35818955 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2022-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study investigated the influence of antidepressant drugs on methylation status of KCNE1, KCNH2 and SCN5A promoters and ECG parameters in adult psychiatric patients. Materials & methods: Electrocardiographic evaluation (24 h) and blood samples were obtained from 34 psychiatric patients before and after 30 days of antidepressant therapy. Methylation of promoter CpG sites of KCNE1, KCNH2 and SCN5A was analyzed by pyrosequencing. Results: Three CpG and four CpG sites of KCNE1 and SCN5A, respectively, had increased % methylation after treatment. Principal component analysis showed correlations of the methylation status with electrocardiographic variables, antidepressant doses and patient age. Conclusion: Short-term treatment with antidepressant drugs increase DNA methylation in KCNE1 and SCN5A promoters, which may induce ECG alterations in psychiatric patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Vilela Nascimento
- Department of Clinical e Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Francisco Lotufo Neto
- Institute of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Dalmo Antonio Ribeiro Moreira
- Department of Electrophysiology & Cardiac Arrhythmias, Institute Dante Pazzanese of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, 04012-909, Brazil
| | - Virginia Braga Cerutti
- Department of Electrophysiology & Cardiac Arrhythmias, Institute Dante Pazzanese of Cardiology, Sao Paulo, 04012-909, Brazil
| | - Helena Strelow Thurow
- Department of Teaching & Research, Real e Benemerita Associação Portuguesa de Beneficiência, Sao Paulo, 01323-001, Brazil
| | - Gisele Medeiros Bastos
- Department of Teaching & Research, Real e Benemerita Associação Portuguesa de Beneficiência, Sao Paulo, 01323-001, Brazil
| | - Eric Batista Ferreira
- Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Rosario Dominguez Crespo Hirata
- Department of Clinical e Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Department of Clinical e Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, 05508-000, Brazil
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16
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Santoro F, Crea P, Pellegrino PL, Cetera R, Gianfrancesco D, Abumayyaleh M, Giuseppe D, Allegra M, Mancini N, D'Arienzo G, Mȕgge A, Aweimer A, Bartolomucci F, Akin I, El-Battrawy I, Brunetti ND. Fever following Covid-19 vaccination in subjects with Brugada syndrome: Incidence and management. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2022; 33:1874-1879. [PMID: 35695789 PMCID: PMC9350146 DOI: 10.1111/jce.15596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fever is a potential side effect of the Covid-19 vaccination. Patients with Brugada syndrome (BrS) have an increased risk of life-threatening arrhythmias when experiencing fever. Prompt treatment with antipyretic drugs is suggested in these patients. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the incidence and management of fever within 48 h from Covid-19 vaccination among BrS patients. METHODS One hundred sixty-three consecutive patients were enrolled in a prospective registry involving five European hospitals with a dedicated inherited disease ambulatory. RESULTS The mean age was 50 ± 14 years and 121 (75%) patients were male. Prevalence of Brugada electrocardiogram (ECG) pattern type-1, -2, and -3 was 32%, 44%, and 24%, respectively. Twenty-eight (17%) patients had an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Fever occurred in 32 (19%) BrS patients after 16 ± 10 h from vaccination, with a peak of body temperature of 37.9° ± 0.5°. Patients with fever were younger (39 ± 13 vs. 48 ± 13 years, p = .04). No additional differences in terms of sex and cardiovascular risk factors were found between patients with fever and not. Twenty-seven (84%) out of 32 patients experienced mild fever and five (16%) moderate fever. Pharmacological treatment with antipyretic drugs was required in 18 (56%) out of 32 patients and was associated with the resolution of symptoms. No patient required hospital admission and no arrhythmic episode was recorded in patients with ICD within 48 h after vaccination. No induced type 1 BrS ECG pattern and new ECG features were found among patients with moderate fever. CONCLUSION Fever is a common side effect in BrS patients after the Covid-19 vaccination. Careful evaluation of body temperature and prompt treatment with antipyretic drugs may be needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Santoro
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Pasquale Crea
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Rosa Cetera
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | | | | | - Dattilo Giuseppe
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | - Marta Allegra
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | - Nastasia Mancini
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico G. Martino, Messina, Italy
| | - Girolamo D'Arienzo
- Department of Cardiology, Policlinico Riuniti, University Hospital, Foggia, Italy
| | - Andreas Mȕgge
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Assem Aweimer
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Ibrahim Akin
- Department of Cardiology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim El-Battrawy
- Department of Cardiology, University of Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany.,Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Bergmannsheil University Hospitals, Ruhr University of Bochum, Bochum, Germany
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17
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Aziz HM, Zarzecki MP, Garcia-Zamora S, Kim MS, Bijak P, Tse G, Won HH, Matusik PT. Pathogenesis and Management of Brugada Syndrome: Recent Advances and Protocol for Umbrella Reviews of Meta-Analyses in Major Arrhythmic Events Risk Stratification. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11071912. [PMID: 35407520 PMCID: PMC8999897 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11071912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a primary electrical disease associated with life-threatening arrhythmias. It is estimated to cause at least 20% of sudden cardiac deaths (SCDs) in patients with normal cardiac anatomy. In this review paper, we discuss recent advances in complex BrS pathogenesis, diagnostics, and current standard approaches to major arrhythmic events (MAEs) risk stratification. Additionally, we describe a protocol for umbrella reviews to systematically investigate clinical, electrocardiographic, electrophysiological study, programmed ventricular stimulation, and genetic factors associated with BrS, and the risk of MAEs. Our evaluation will include MAEs such as sustained ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, appropriate implantable cardioverter–defibrillator therapy, sudden cardiac arrest, and SCDs from previous meta-analytical studies. The protocol was written following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. We plan to extensively search PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases for meta-analyses concerning risk-stratification in BrS. Data will be synthesized integratively with transparency and accuracy. Heterogeneity patterns across studies will be reported. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology, A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2), and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) are planned to be applied for design and execution of our evidence-based research. To the best of our knowledge, these will be the first umbrella reviews to critically evaluate the current state of knowledge in BrS risk stratification for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias, and will potentially contribute towards evidence-based guidance to enhance clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasina Masha Aziz
- Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-530 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Michał P. Zarzecki
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-034 Kraków, Poland;
| | | | - Min Seo Kim
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - Piotr Bijak
- John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Gary Tse
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Cardiovascular Analytics Group, Hong Kong, China;
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic-Molecular Function of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
- Kent and Medway Medical School, University of Kent and Canterbury Christ Church University, Canterbury CT2 7FS, UK
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology (SAIHST), Samsung Genome Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul 06351, Korea;
| | - Paweł T. Matusik
- Department of Electrocardiology, Institute of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
- Department of Electrocardiology, The John Paul II Hospital, 31-202 Kraków, Poland
- Correspondence:
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18
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Lou J, Chen H, Huang S, Chen P, Yu Y, Chen F. Update on risk factors and biomarkers of sudden unexplained cardiac death. J Forensic Leg Med 2022; 87:102332. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2022.102332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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19
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Yu Y, Chen F, Wu J, Tang W, Zhang K, Li K, Wang J. Sudden cardiac death due to long QT syndrome. JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCE AND MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jfsm.jfsm_93_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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20
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Oliveira‐Mendes B, Feliciangeli S, Ménard M, Chatelain F, Alameh M, Montnach J, Nicolas S, Ollivier B, Barc J, Baró I, Schott J, Probst V, Kyndt F, Denjoy I, Lesage F, Loussouarn G, De Waard M. A standardised hERG phenotyping pipeline to evaluate KCNH2 genetic variant pathogenicity. Clin Transl Med 2021; 11:e609. [PMID: 34841674 PMCID: PMC8609418 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Mutations in KCNH2 cause long or short QT syndromes (LQTS or SQTS) predisposing to life-threatening arrhythmias. Over 1000 hERG variants have been described by clinicians, but most remain to be characterised. The objective is to standardise and accelerate the phenotyping process to contribute to clinician diagnosis and patient counselling. In silico evaluation was also included to characterise the structural impact of the variants. METHODS We selected 11 variants from known LQTS patients and two variants for which diagnosis was problematic. Using the Gibson assembly strategy, we efficiently introduced mutations in hERG cDNA despite GC-rich sequences. A pH-sensitive fluorescent tag was fused to hERG for efficient evaluation of channel trafficking. An optimised 35-s patch-clamp protocol was developed to evaluate hERG channel activity in transfected cells. R software was used to speed up analyses. RESULTS In the present work, we observed a good correlation between cell surface expression, assessed by the pH-sensitive tag, and current densities. Also, we showed that the new biophysical protocol allows a significant gain of time in recording ion channel properties and provides extensive information on WT and variant channel biophysical parameters, that can all be recapitulated in a single parameter defined herein as the repolarisation power. The impacts of the variants on channel structure were also reported where structural information was available. These three readouts (trafficking, repolarisation power and structural impact) define three pathogenicity indexes that may help clinical diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Fast-track characterisation of KCNH2 genetic variants shows its relevance to discriminate mutants that affect hERG channel activity from variants with undetectable effects. It also helped the diagnosis of two new variants. This information is meant to fill a patient database, as a basis for personalised medicine. The next steps will be to further accelerate the process using an automated patch-clamp system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvain Feliciangeli
- Labex ICST, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERMCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et CellulaireValbonneFrance
| | - Mélissa Ménard
- l'Institut du ThoraxInserm UMR 1087/CNRS UMR 6291NantesFrance
| | - Frank Chatelain
- Labex ICST, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERMCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et CellulaireValbonneFrance
| | - Malak Alameh
- l'Institut du ThoraxInserm UMR 1087/CNRS UMR 6291NantesFrance
| | - Jérôme Montnach
- l'Institut du ThoraxInserm UMR 1087/CNRS UMR 6291NantesFrance
| | | | | | - Julien Barc
- l'Institut du ThoraxInserm UMR 1087/CNRS UMR 6291NantesFrance
| | - Isabelle Baró
- l'Institut du ThoraxInserm UMR 1087/CNRS UMR 6291NantesFrance
| | | | - Vincent Probst
- CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRSUNIV NantesNantesFrance
| | - Florence Kyndt
- CHU Nantes, l'Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRSUNIV NantesNantesFrance
| | - Isabelle Denjoy
- Service de Cardiologie et CNMR Maladies Cardiaques Héréditaires RaresHôpital BichatParisFrance
| | - Florian Lesage
- Labex ICST, Université Côte d'Azur, INSERMCentre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et CellulaireValbonneFrance
| | | | - Michel De Waard
- l'Institut du ThoraxInserm UMR 1087/CNRS UMR 6291NantesFrance
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitae A Kim
- Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Mihail G Chelu
- Section of Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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22
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Kallas D, Lamba A, Roston TM, Arslanova A, Franciosi S, Tibbits GF, Sanatani S. Pediatric Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia: A Translational Perspective for the Clinician-Scientist. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179293. [PMID: 34502196 PMCID: PMC8431429 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a rare and potentially lethal inherited arrhythmia disease characterized by exercise or emotion-induced bidirectional or polymorphic ventricular tachyarrhythmias. The median age of disease onset is reported to be approximately 10 years of age. The majority of CPVT patients have pathogenic variants in the gene encoding the cardiac ryanodine receptor, or calsequestrin 2. These lead to mishandling of calcium in cardiomyocytes resulting in after-depolarizations, and ventricular arrhythmias. Disease severity is particularly pronounced in younger individuals who usually present with cardiac arrest and arrhythmic syncope. Risk stratification is imprecise and long-term prognosis on therapy is unknown despite decades of research focused on pediatric CPVT populations. The purpose of this review is to summarize contemporary data on pediatric CPVT, highlight knowledge gaps and present future research directions for the clinician-scientist to address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dania Kallas
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Heart Center, 1F9-4480 Oak St., Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; (D.K.); (A.L.); (T.M.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Avani Lamba
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Heart Center, 1F9-4480 Oak St., Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; (D.K.); (A.L.); (T.M.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Thomas M. Roston
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Heart Center, 1F9-4480 Oak St., Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; (D.K.); (A.L.); (T.M.R.); (S.F.)
- Clinician-Investigator Program, University of British Columbia, 2016-1874 East Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Alia Arslanova
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 938 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; (A.A.); (G.F.T.)
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Sonia Franciosi
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Heart Center, 1F9-4480 Oak St., Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; (D.K.); (A.L.); (T.M.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Glen F. Tibbits
- Cellular and Regenerative Medicine Centre, British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, 938 W 28th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada; (A.A.); (G.F.T.)
- Molecular Cardiac Physiology Group, Department of Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Dr., Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Shubhayan Sanatani
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Heart Center, 1F9-4480 Oak St., Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada; (D.K.); (A.L.); (T.M.R.); (S.F.)
- Correspondence:
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H1153Y- KCNH2 Mutation Identified in a Sudden Arrhythmic Death Syndrome Case Alters Channel Gating. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179235. [PMID: 34502138 PMCID: PMC8431075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long QT syndrome is one of the most common hereditary channelopathies inducing fatal arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. We identified in a sudden arrhythmic death syndrome case a C-term KCNH2 mutation (c.3457C > T; p.His1153Tyr) classified as variant of unknown significance and functional impact. Heterologous expression in HEK293 cells combined with western-blot, flow-cytometry, immunocytochemical and microscope analyses shows no modification of channel trafficking to the cell membrane. Electrophysiological studies reveal that the mutation causes a loss of HERG channel function through an alteration of channel biophysical properties that reduces the current density leading to LQT2. These results provide the first functional evidence for H1153Y-KCNH2 mutation-induced abnormal channel properties. They concur with previous biophysical and clinical presentations of a survived patient with another variant that is G1036D. Therefore, the present report importantly highlights the potential severity of variants that may have useful implications for treatment, surveillance, and follow-up of LQT2 patients.
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Modeling Cardiomyopathies in a Dish: State-of-the-Art and Novel Perspectives on hiPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes Maturation. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080730. [PMID: 34439963 PMCID: PMC8389603 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The stem cell technology and the induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) production represent an excellent alternative tool to study cardiomyopathies, which overcome the limitations associated with primary cardiomyocytes (CMs) access and manipulation. CMs from human iPSCs (hiPSC-CMs) are genetically identical to patient primary cells of origin, with the main electrophysiological and mechanical features of CMs. The key issue to be solved is to achieve a degree of structural and functional maturity typical of adult CMs. In this perspective, we will focus on the main differences between fetal-like hiPSC-CMs and adult CMs. A viewpoint is given on the different approaches used to improve hiPSC-CMs maturity, spanning from long-term culture to complex engineered heart tissue. Further, we outline limitations and future developments needed in cardiomyopathy disease modeling.
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Bileišienė N, Barysienė J, Mikštienė V, Preikšaitienė E, Marinskis G, Keževičiūtė M, Utkus A, Aidietis A. Aborted Cardiac Arrest in LQT2 Related to Novel KCNH2 ( hERG) Variant Identified in One Lithuanian Family. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:721. [PMID: 34357002 PMCID: PMC8305506 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57070721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a hereditary ion channelopathy associated with ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death starting from young age due to prolonged cardiac repolarization, which is represented by QT interval changes in electrocardiogram (ECG). Mutations in human ether-à-go-go related gene (KCNH2 (7q36.1), formerly named hERG) are responsible for Long QT syndrome type 2 (LQT2). LQT2 is the second most common type of LQTS. A resuscitated 31-year-old male with the diagnosis of LQT2 and his family are described. Sequencing analysis of their genomic DNA was performed. Amino acid alteration p.(Ser631Pro) in KCNH2 gene was found. This variant had not been previously described in literature, and it was found in three nuclear family members with different clinical course of the disease. Better understanding of genetic alterations and genotype-phenotype correlations aids in risk stratification and more effective management of these patients, especially when employing a trigger-specific approach to risk-assessment and individually tailored therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neringa Bileišienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (J.B.); (G.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Jūratė Barysienė
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (J.B.); (G.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Violeta Mikštienė
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariskiu g. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.M.); (E.P.); (A.U.)
| | - Eglė Preikšaitienė
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariskiu g. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.M.); (E.P.); (A.U.)
| | - Germanas Marinskis
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (J.B.); (G.M.); (A.A.)
| | - Monika Keževičiūtė
- Center of Cardiology and Angiology, Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Santariskiu g. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania;
| | - Algirdas Utkus
- Department of Human and Medical Genetics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariskiu g. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (V.M.); (E.P.); (A.U.)
| | - Audrius Aidietis
- Clinic of Cardiac and Vascular Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Vilnius University, Santariškių str. 2, LT-08661 Vilnius, Lithuania; (J.B.); (G.M.); (A.A.)
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Abstract
The physiological heart function is controlled by a well-orchestrated interplay of different ion channels conducting Na+, Ca2+ and K+. Cardiac K+ channels are key players of cardiac repolarization counteracting depolarizating Na+ and Ca2+ currents. In contrast to Na+ and Ca2+, K+ is conducted by many different channels that differ in activation/deactivation kinetics as well as in their contribution to different phases of the action potential. Together with modulatory subunits these K+ channel α-subunits provide a wide range of repolarizing currents with specific characteristics. Moreover, due to expression differences, K+ channels strongly influence the time course of the action potentials in different heart regions. On the other hand, the variety of different K+ channels increase the number of possible disease-causing mutations. Up to now, a plethora of gain- as well as loss-of-function mutations in K+ channel forming or modulating proteins are known that cause severe congenital cardiac diseases like the long-QT-syndrome, the short-QT-syndrome, the Brugada syndrome and/or different types of atrial tachyarrhythmias. In this chapter we provide a comprehensive overview of different K+ channels in cardiac physiology and pathophysiology.
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Balla C, Conte E, Selvatici R, Marsano RM, Gerbino A, Farnè M, Blunck R, Vitali F, Armaroli A, Brieda A, Liantonio A, De Luca A, Ferlini A, Rapezzi C, Bertini M, Gualandi F, Imbrici P. Functional Characterization of Two Novel Mutations in SCN5A Associated with Brugada Syndrome Identified in Italian Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126513. [PMID: 34204499 PMCID: PMC8234720 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an autosomal dominantly inherited cardiac disease characterized by “coved type” ST-segment elevation in the right precordial leads, high susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmia and a family history of sudden cardiac death. The SCN5A gene, encoding for the cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.5, accounts for ~20–30% of BrS cases and is considered clinically relevant. Methods. Here, we describe the clinical findings of two Italian families affected by BrS and provide the functional characterization of two novel SCN5A mutations, the missense variant Pro1310Leu and the in-frame insertion Gly1687_Ile1688insGlyArg. Results. Despite being clinically different, both patients have a family history of sudden cardiac death and had history of arrhythmic events. The Pro1310Leu mutation significantly reduced peak sodium current density without affecting channel membrane localization. Changes in the gating properties of expressed Pro1310Leu channel likely account for the loss-of-function phenotype. On the other hand, Gly1687_Ile1688insGlyArg channel, identified in a female patient, yielded a nearly undetectable sodium current. Following mexiletine incubation, the Gly1687_Ile1688insGlyArg channel showed detectable, albeit very small, currents and biophysical properties similar to those of the Nav1.5 wild-type channel. Conclusions. Overall, our results suggest that the degree of loss-of-function shown by the two Nav1.5 mutant channels correlates with the aggressive clinical phenotype of the two probands. This genotype-phenotype correlation is fundamental to set out appropriate therapeutical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Balla
- Cardiological Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (F.V.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Elena Conte
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.C.); (A.L.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Rita Selvatici
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (A.F.)
| | | | - Andrea Gerbino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Marianna Farnè
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Rikard Blunck
- Department of Physics, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;
| | - Francesco Vitali
- Cardiological Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (F.V.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Annarita Armaroli
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Alessandro Brieda
- Cardiological Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (F.V.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Antonella Liantonio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.C.); (A.L.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Annamaria De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.C.); (A.L.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Alessandra Ferlini
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (A.F.)
| | - Claudio Rapezzi
- Cardiological Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (F.V.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (M.B.)
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, 48033 Cotignola, Italy
| | - Matteo Bertini
- Cardiological Center, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (C.B.); (F.V.); (A.B.); (C.R.); (M.B.)
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Unit of Medical Genetics, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (R.S.); (M.F.); (A.A.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (P.I.)
| | - Paola Imbrici
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (E.C.); (A.L.); (A.D.L.)
- Correspondence: (F.G.); (P.I.)
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Brugada-Terradellas C, Hellemans A, Brugada P, Smets P. Sudden cardiac death: A comparative review of humans, dogs and cats. Vet J 2021; 274:105696. [PMID: 34148018 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Sudden death is one of the most common causes of death in humans in Western countries. Approximately 85% of these cases are of cardiac origin. In dogs and cats, sudden cardiac death (SCD) also commonly occurs, but fewer pathophysiological and prevalence data are available. Both structural, primarily 'electrical' and ischemic heart diseases are known to cause SCD, many of which share similar underlying arrhythmogenic mechanisms between humans and companion animals. As for underlying genetics, numerous mutations on multiple loci have been related to SCD in humans, but only a few mutations associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and SCD have been identified in dogs, e.g. in the phospholamban and titin genes. Information published from human medicine can therefore inform future veterinary studies, but also dogs and cats could act as spontaneous models of SCD in humans. Further research in both fields is therefore warranted to better understand the pathophysiology, genetics, and prevention of SCD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine Brugada-Terradellas
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Arnaut Hellemans
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Pedro Brugada
- Pedro Brugada, Cardiovascular Division, UZ Brussel - VUB, Avenue du Laerbeek 101, 1090 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pascale Smets
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Micheu MM, Rosca AM. Patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells as “disease-in-a-dish” models for inherited cardiomyopathies and channelopathies – 15 years of research. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:281-303. [PMID: 33959219 PMCID: PMC8080539 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i4.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Among inherited cardiac conditions, a special place is kept by cardiomyopathies (CMPs) and channelopathies (CNPs), which pose a substantial healthcare burden due to the complexity of the therapeutic management and cause early mortality. Like other inherited cardiac conditions, genetic CMPs and CNPs exhibit incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity even within carriers of the same pathogenic deoxyribonucleic acid variant, challenging our understanding of the underlying pathogenic mechanisms. Until recently, the lack of accurate physiological preclinical models hindered the investigation of fundamental cellular and molecular mechanisms. The advent of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) technology, along with advances in gene editing, offered unprecedented opportunities to explore hereditary CMPs and CNPs. Hallmark features of iPSCs include the ability to differentiate into unlimited numbers of cells from any of the three germ layers, genetic identity with the subject from whom they were derived, and ease of gene editing, all of which were used to generate “disease-in-a-dish” models of monogenic cardiac conditions. Functionally, iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes that faithfully recapitulate the patient-specific phenotype, allowed the study of disease mechanisms in an individual-/allele-specific manner, as well as the customization of therapeutic regimen. This review provides a synopsis of the most important iPSC-based models of CMPs and CNPs and the potential use for modeling disease mechanisms, personalized therapy and deoxyribonucleic acid variant functional annotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miruna Mihaela Micheu
- Department of Cardiology, Clinical Emergency Hospital of Bucharest, Bucharest 014452, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Rosca
- Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Institute of Cellular Biology and Pathology "Nicolae Simionescu", Bucharest 050568, Romania
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30
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Tambi R, Abdel Hameid R, Bankapur A, Nassir N, Begum G, Alsheikh-Ali A, Uddin M, Berdiev BK. Single-cell transcriptomics trajectory and molecular convergence of clinically relevant mutations in Brugada syndrome. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2021; 320:H1935-H1948. [PMID: 33797273 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00061.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is a rare, inherited arrhythmia with high risk of sudden cardiac death. To evaluate the molecular convergence of clinically relevant mutations and to identify developmental cardiac cell types that are associated with BrS etiology, we collected 733 mutations represented by 16 sodium, calcium, potassium channels, and regulatory and structural genes related to BrS. Among the clinically relevant mutations, 266 are unique singletons and 88 mutations are recurrent. We observed an over-representation of clinically relevant mutations (∼80%) in SCN5A gene and also identified several candidate genes, including GPD1L, TRPM4, and SCN10A. Furthermore, protein domain enrichment analysis revealed that a large proportion of the mutations impacted ion transport domains in multiple genes, including SCN5A, TRPM4, and SCN10A. A comparative protein domain analysis of SCN5A further established a significant (P = 0.04) enrichment of clinically relevant mutations within ion transport domain, including a significant (P = 0.02) mutation hotspot within 1321-1380 residue. The enrichment of clinically relevant mutations within SCN5A ion transport domain is stronger (P = 0.00003) among early onset of BrS. Our spatiotemporal cellular heart developmental (prenatal to adult) trajectory analysis applying single-cell transcriptome identified the most frequently BrS-mutated genes (SCN5A and GPD1L) are significantly upregulated in the prenatal cardiomyocytes. A more restrictive cellular expression trajectory is prominent in the adult heart ventricular cardiomyocytes compared to prenatal. Our study suggests that genomic and proteomic hotspots in BrS converge into ion transport pathway and cardiomyocyte as a major BrS-associated cell type that provides insight into the complex genetic etiology of BrS.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Brugada syndrome is a rare inherited arrhythmia with high risk of sudden cardiac death. We present the findings for a molecular convergence of clinically relevant mutations and identification of a single-cell transcriptome-derived cardiac cell types that are associated with the etiology of BrS. Our study suggests that genomic and proteomic hotspots in BrS converge into ion transport pathway and cardiomyocyte as a major BrS-associated cell type that provides insight into the complex genetic etiology of BrS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Tambi
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Reem Abdel Hameid
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asma Bankapur
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nasna Nassir
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ghausia Begum
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alawi Alsheikh-Ali
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Uddin
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Bakhrom K Berdiev
- Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Chen Y, Huang Y, Bai J, Liu C, Ma S, Li J, Lu X, Fu Z, Fang L, Li Y, Zhang J. Effects of Allicin on Late Sodium Current Caused by ΔKPQ-SCN5A Mutation in HEK293 Cells. Front Physiol 2021; 12:636485. [PMID: 33854440 PMCID: PMC8039306 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.636485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim was to study the effect of Allitridum (Allicin) on the heterologous expression of the late sodium current on the ΔKPQ-SCN5A mutations in HEK293 cells, with a view to screening new drugs for the treatment of long QT syndrome type 3 (LQT3). Methods and Results The ΔKPQ-SCN5A plasmid was transiently transferred into HEK293 cells by liposome technology and administered by extracellular perfusion, and the sodium current was recorded by whole-cell patch-clamp technology. Application of Allicin 30 μM reduced the late sodium current (INa,L) of the Nav1.5 channel current encoded by ΔKPQ-SCN5A from 1.92 ± 0.12 to 0.65 ± 0.03 pA/pF (P < 0.01, n = 15), which resulted in the decrease of INa,L/INa,P (from 0.94% ± 0.04% to 0.32% ± 0.02%). Furthermore, treatment with Allicin could move the steady-state inactivation of the channel to a more negative direction, resulting in an increase in channel inactivation at the same voltage, which reduced the increase in the window current and further increased the inactivation of the channel intermediate state. However, it had no effect on channel steady-state activation (SSA), inactivation mechanics, and recovery dynamics after inactivation. What’s more, the Nav1.5 channel protein levels of membrane in the ΔKPQ-SCN5A mutation were enhanced from 0.49% ± 0.04% to 0.76% ± 0.02% with the effect of 30 mM Allicin, close to 0.89% ± 0.02% of the WT. Conclusion Allicin reduced the late sodium current of ΔKPQ-SCN5A, whose mechanism may be related to the increase of channel steady-state inactivation (SSI) and intermediate-state inactivation (ISI) by the drug, thus reducing the window current.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medicine College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Department of Gerontology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing Bai
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbin Liu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Lu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Zihao Fu
- Medical School of Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA), Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medicine College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Sixth Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Provincial Clinical Medicine College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
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32
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Xie D, Wu J, Wu Q, Zhang X, Zhou D, Dai W, Zhu M, Wang D. Integrating proteomic, lipidomic and metabolomic data to construct a global metabolic network of lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias (LVTA) induced by aconitine. J Proteomics 2021; 232:104043. [PMID: 33161167 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2020.104043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lethal ventricular tachyarrhythmias (LVTA)-related sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the major causes of death worldwide. However, the mechanisms underlying LVTA induced by myocardial ion channel diseases (MICDs) are not yet fully understood. Here, we produced an LVTA rat model induced by aconitine, to mimic MICDs-elicited LVTA, and constructed a global pathway network via integrating proteomic and lipidomic data, and our previously published metabolomic data. Results showed that both proteome and lipidome were disturbed during the LVTA process. Most of the differentially expressed proteins and lipid species were correlated. Proteomic data indicated disturbance of energy metabolism (e.g. fatty acid β-oxidation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle) and activation of the protein kinase C and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAPDH) oxidase pathway; these alterations led to lowered ATP and elevated ROS, respectively. Altered levels of the Ca2+ handling proteins suggested aberrant intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis, which might also be secondary to the shortage of ATP and oxidative stress. Significantly, the disrupted pathways implied by proteomic data were largely confirmed by lipidomic and metabolomic data. Collectively, we have constructed a metabolic pathway network of aconitine-induced LVTA using a multi-omics strategy, which confers great promise for the deeper interpretation of the mechanisms underlying LVTA. SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, we integrated proteomics, lipidomics and metabolomics to explore the pathophysiological processes of LVTA induced by aconitine. It is innovative to try to integrate these three omics in a study exploring the relative mechanisms. Here, based on the DEPs and differentially abundant lipid species (DALPs) between the LVTA groups and the controls, and the different metabolites discovered previously from the same model, we have successfully constructed a global metabolic network. Taken together, the multi-omics integration strategies used in this study show the potential for a new interpretation of the pathophysiological processes of LVTA induced by different conditions and open the possibility to explore deeper and broader mechanisms of other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dezhi Xie
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Jiayan Wu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Central laboratory, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Danya Zhou
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Wentao Dai
- Shanghai Center for Bioinformation Technology, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Mengting Zhu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Dian Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China.
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Yoo HS, Medina N, von Wulffen MA, Ciampi N, Paolucci A, Garro HA, Principato MB, Acunzo RS, Carbajales J. A novel KCNH2 frameshift mutation (c.46delG) associated with high risk of sudden death in a family with congenital long QT syndrome type 2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARRHYTHMIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s42444-020-00029-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The congenital long QT syndrome type 2 is caused by mutations in KCNH2 gene that encodes the alpha subunit of potassium channel Kv11.1. The carriers of the pathogenic variant of KCNH2 gene manifest a phenotype characterized by prolongation of QT interval and increased risk of sudden cardiac death due to life-threatening ventricular tachyarrhythmias.
Results
A family composed of 17 members with a family history of sudden death and recurrent syncopes was studied. The DNA of proband with clinical manifestations of long QT syndrome was analyzed using a massive DNA sequencer that included the following genes: KCNQ1, KCNH2, SCN5A, KCNE1, KCNE2, ANK2, KCNJ2, CACNA1, CAV3, SCN1B, SCN4B, AKAP9, SNTA1, CALM1, KCNJ5, RYR2 and TRDN. DNA sequencing of proband identified a novel pathogenic variant of KCNH2 gene produced by a heterozygous frameshift mutation c.46delG, pAsp16Thrfs*44 resulting in the synthesis of a truncated alpha subunit of the Kv11.1 ion channel. Eight family members manifested the phenotype of long QT syndrome. The study of family segregation using Sanger sequencing revealed the identical variant in several members of the family with a positive phenotype.
Conclusions
The clinical and genetic findings of this family demonstrate that the novel frameshift mutation causing haploinsufficiency can result in a congenital long QT syndrome with a severe phenotypic manifestation and an elevated risk of sudden cardiac death.
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Ovics P, Regev D, Baskin P, Davidor M, Shemer Y, Neeman S, Ben-Haim Y, Binah O. Drug Development and the Use of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes for Disease Modeling and Drug Toxicity Screening. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7320. [PMID: 33023024 PMCID: PMC7582587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21197320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
: Over the years, numerous groups have employed human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) as a superb human-compatible model for investigating the function and dysfunction of cardiomyocytes, drug screening and toxicity, disease modeling and for the development of novel drugs for heart diseases. In this review, we discuss the broad use of iPSC-CMs for drug development and disease modeling, in two related themes. In the first theme-drug development, adverse drug reactions, mechanisms of cardiotoxicity and the need for efficient drug screening protocols-we discuss the critical need to screen old and new drugs, the process of drug development, marketing and Adverse Drug reactions (ADRs), drug-induced cardiotoxicity, safety screening during drug development, drug development and patient-specific effect and different mechanisms of ADRs. In the second theme-using iPSC-CMs for disease modeling and developing novel drugs for heart diseases-we discuss the rationale for using iPSC-CMs and modeling acquired and inherited heart diseases with iPSC-CMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paz Ovics
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, The Rappaport Institute, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 31096, Israel; (P.O.); (D.R.); (P.B.); (M.D.); (Y.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Danielle Regev
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, The Rappaport Institute, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 31096, Israel; (P.O.); (D.R.); (P.B.); (M.D.); (Y.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Polina Baskin
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, The Rappaport Institute, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 31096, Israel; (P.O.); (D.R.); (P.B.); (M.D.); (Y.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Mor Davidor
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, The Rappaport Institute, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 31096, Israel; (P.O.); (D.R.); (P.B.); (M.D.); (Y.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Yuval Shemer
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, The Rappaport Institute, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 31096, Israel; (P.O.); (D.R.); (P.B.); (M.D.); (Y.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Shunit Neeman
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, The Rappaport Institute, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 31096, Israel; (P.O.); (D.R.); (P.B.); (M.D.); (Y.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Yael Ben-Haim
- Institute of Molecular and Clinical Sciences, St. George’s University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK;
- Cardiology Clinical Academic Group, St. George’s University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London SW17 0QT, UK
| | - Ofer Binah
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, The Rappaport Institute, Ruth & Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa 31096, Israel; (P.O.); (D.R.); (P.B.); (M.D.); (Y.S.); (S.N.)
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Nakajima T, Kawabata-Iwakawa R, Kaneko Y, Hamano SI, Sano R, Tamura S, Hasegawa H, Kobari T, Kominato Y, Nishiyama M, Kurabayashi M. Novel Cardiocerebral Channelopathy Associated with a KCND3 V392I Mutation. Int Heart J 2020; 61:1049-1055. [PMID: 32921676 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.20-203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
While a KCND3 V392I mutation uniquely displays a mixed electrophysiological phenotype of Kv4.3, only limited clinical information on the mutation carriers is available. We report two teenage siblings exhibiting both cardiac (early repolarization syndrome and paroxysmal atrial fibrillation) and cerebral phenotypes (epilepsy and intellectual disability), in whom we identified the KCND3 V392I mutation. We propose a link between the KCND3 mutation with a mixed electrophysiological phenotype and cardiocerebral phenotypes, which may be defined as a novel cardiocerebral channelopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadashi Nakajima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Reika Kawabata-Iwakawa
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research
| | - Yoshiaki Kaneko
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | | | - Rie Sano
- Department of Legal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Shuntaro Tamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Hiroshi Hasegawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Takashi Kobari
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yoshihiko Kominato
- Department of Legal Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masahiko Nishiyama
- Division of Integrated Oncology Research, Gunma University Initiative for Advanced Research.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masahiko Kurabayashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine
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Liu Z, Hu L, Zhang Z, Song L, Zhang P, Cao Z, Ma J. Isoliensinine Eliminates Afterdepolarizations Through Inhibiting Late Sodium Current and L-Type Calcium Current. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2020; 21:67-78. [PMID: 32770463 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-020-09597-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Isoliensinine (IL) extracted from lotus seed has a good therapeutic effect on cardiovascular diseases. However, its effect on ion channels of ventricular myocytes is still unclear. We used whole-cell patch-clamp techniques to detect the effects of IL on transmembrane ion currents and action potential (AP) in isolated rabbit left ventricular myocytes. IL inhibited the transient sodium current (INaT), late sodium current (INaL) enlarged by sea anemone toxin (ATX II) and L-type calcium current (ICaL) in a concentration-dependent manner without affecting inward rectifier potassium current (IK1) and delayed rectifier potassium current (IK). These inhibitory effects are mainly manifested as reduced the AP amplitude (APA) and maximum depolarization velocity (Vmax) and shortened the action potential duration (APD), but had no significant effect on the resting membrane potential (RMP). Moreover, IL significantly eliminated ATX II-induced early afterdepolarizations (EADs) and high extracellular calcium-induced delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs). These results revealed that IL effectively eliminated EADs and DADs through inhibiting INaL and ICaL in ventricular myocytes, which indicates it has potential antiarrhythmic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipei Liu
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Liangkun Hu
- Tianyou Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zefu Zhang
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China.,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Lv Song
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Peihua Zhang
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhenzhen Cao
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Jihua Ma
- Cardio-Electrophysiological Research Laboratory, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430065, China. .,Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Medical College of Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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Li G, Woltz RL, Wang CY, Ren L, He PX, Yu SD, Liu XQ, Yarov-Yarovoy V, Hu D, Chiamvimonvat N, Wu L. Gating Properties of Mutant Sodium Channels and Responses to Sodium Current Inhibitors Predict Mexiletine-Sensitive Mutations of Long QT Syndrome 3. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:1182. [PMID: 32848785 PMCID: PMC7417866 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Long QT syndrome 3 (LQT3) is caused by SCN5A mutations. Late sodium current (late INa) inhibitors are current-specific to treat patients with LQT3, but the mechanisms underlying mexiletine (MEX) -sensitive (N1325S and R1623Q) and -insensitive (M1652R) mutations remains to be elucidated. Methods LQT3 patients with causative mutations were treated with oral MEX following i.v. lidocaine. Whole-cell patch-clamp techniques and molecular remodeling were used to determine the mechanisms underlying the sensitivity to MEX. Results Intravenous administration of lidocaine followed by MEX orally in LQT patients with N1325S and R1623Q sodium channel mutation shortened QTc interval, abolished arrhythmias, and completely normalized the ECG. In HEK293 cells, the steady-state inactivation curves of the M1652R channels were rightward shifted by 5.6 mV relative to the WT channel. In contrast, the R1623Q mutation caused a leftward shift of the steady-state inactivation curve by 15.2 mV compared with WT channel, and N1325S mutation did not affect steady-state inactivation (n = 5–13, P < 0.05). The extent of the window current was expanded in all three mutant channels compared with WT. All three mutations increased late INa with the greatest amplitude in the M1652R channel (n = 9–15, P < 0.05). MEX caused a hyperpolarizing shift of the steady-state inactivation and delayed the recovery of all three mutant channels. Furthermore, it suppressed late INa in N1325S and R1623Q to a greater extent compared to that of M1652R mutant channel. Mutations altered the sensitivity of Nav1.5 to MEX through allosteric mechanisms by changing the conformation of Nav1.5 to become more or less favorable for MEX binding. Late INa inhibitors suppressed late INa in N1325S and R1623Q to a greater extent than that in the M1652R mutation (n = 4–7, P < 0.05). Conclusion The N1325S, R1623Q, and M1652R mutations are associated with a variable augmentation of late INa, which was reversed by MEX. M1652R mutation changes the conformation of Nav1.5 that disrupt the inactivation of channel affecting MEX binding, corresponding to the poor response to MEX. The lidocaine test, molecular modeling, and drugs screening in cells expressing mutant channels are useful for predicting the effectiveness of late INa inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ryan L Woltz
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Cheng-Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Ren
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Pei-Xin He
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shan-Dong Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xue-Qin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Vladimir Yarov-Yarovoy
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Research Institute, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan, China
| | - Nipavan Chiamvimonvat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.,Department of Veterans Affairs, Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA, United States
| | - Lin Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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Ion Channels as Therapeutic Targets for Viral Infections: Further Discoveries and Future Perspectives. Viruses 2020; 12:v12080844. [PMID: 32756358 PMCID: PMC7472218 DOI: 10.3390/v12080844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels play key roles in almost all facets of cellular physiology and have emerged as key host cell factors for a multitude of viral infections. A catalogue of ion channel-blocking drugs have been shown to possess antiviral activity, some of which are in widespread human usage for ion channel-related diseases, highlighting new potential for drug repurposing. The emergence of ion channel–virus interactions has also revealed the intriguing possibility that channelopathies may explain some commonly observed virus induced pathologies. This field is rapidly evolving and an up-to-date summary of new discoveries can inform future perspectives. We herein discuss the role of ion channels during viral lifecycles, describe the recently identified ion channel drugs that can inhibit viral infections, and highlight the potential contribution of ion channels to virus-mediated disease.
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Moscu-Gregor A, Marschall C, Müntjes C, Schönecker A, Schuessler-Hahn F, Hohendanner F, Parwani AS, Boldt LH, Ott CE, Bennewiz A, Paul T, Krause U, Rost I. Novel variants in TECRL cause recessive inherited CPVT type 3 with severe and variable clinical symptoms. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol 2020; 31:1527-1535. [PMID: 32173957 DOI: 10.1111/jce.14446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is an inherited arrhythmia syndrome characterized by adrenergically stimulated ventricular tachycardia. The most common form of CPVT is due to autosomal dominant variants in the cardiac ryanodine-receptor gene (RYR2). However, trans-2,3-enoyl-CoA reductase-like (TECRL) was recently suggested to be a novel candidate gene for life-threatening inherited arrhythmias. Patients previously reported with pathogenic changes in TECRL showed a special mixed phenotype of CPVT and long-QT-syndrome (LQTS) termed CPVT type 3 (CPVT3), an autosomal recessive disorder. METHODS AND RESULTS We implemented TECRL into our NGS panel diagnostics for CPVT and LQTS in April 2017. By December 2018, 631 index patients with suspected CPVT or LQTS had been referred to our laboratory for genetic testing. Molecular analysis identified four Caucasian families carrying novel variants in TECRL. One patient was homozygous for Gln139* resulting in a premature stop codon and loss-of-function of the TECRL protein. Another patient was homozygous for Pro290His, probably leading to an altered folding of the 3-oxo-5-alpha steroid 4-dehydrogenase domain of the TECRL protein. The LOF-variant Ser309* and the missense-variant Val298Ala have been shown to be compound heterozygous in another individual. NGS-based copy number variation analysis and quantitative PCR revealed a quadruplication of TECRL in the last individual, which is likely to be a homozygous duplication. CONCLUSION The data from our patient collective indicate that CPVT3 occurs much more frequently than previously expected. Variants in TECRL may be causative in up to 5% of all CPVT cases. According to these findings, the default analysis of this gene is recommended if CPVT is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Marschall
- Department of Molecular Genetics, MVZ Martinsried GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Carsten Müntjes
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Clinic for Pediatrics III, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | - Anne Schönecker
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Clinic for Pediatrics III, Essen University Hospital, Essen, Germany
| | | | - Felix Hohendanner
- Division of Cardiology, Medical Department, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Abdul Shokor Parwani
- Division of Cardiology, Medical Department, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leif-Hendrik Boldt
- Division of Cardiology, Medical Department, Charité Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
| | - Claus-Eric Ott
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Human Genetics, Charité, Berlin, Germany
| | - Anja Bennewiz
- Praxis-Kinderherz, Gesundheitszentrum Am Borsigturm, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Paul
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center/Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Krause
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Intensive Care Medicine, University Medical Center/Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Imma Rost
- Department of Molecular Genetics, MVZ Martinsried GmbH, Martinsried, Germany
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Groome JR, Bayless-Edwards L. Roles for Countercharge in the Voltage Sensor Domain of Ion Channels. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:160. [PMID: 32180723 PMCID: PMC7059764 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated ion channels share a common structure typified by peripheral, voltage sensor domains. Their S4 segments respond to alteration in membrane potential with translocation coupled to ion permeation through a central pore domain. The mechanisms of gating in these channels have been intensely studied using pioneering methods such as measurement of charge displacement across a membrane, sequencing of genes coding for voltage-gated ion channels, and the development of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations using structural information from prokaryotic and eukaryotic channel proteins. One aspect of this work has been the description of the role of conserved negative countercharges in S1, S2, and S3 transmembrane segments to promote sequential salt-bridge formation with positively charged residues in S4 segments. These interactions facilitate S4 translocation through the lipid bilayer. In this review, we describe functional and computational work investigating the role of these countercharges in S4 translocation, voltage sensor domain hydration, and in diseases resulting from countercharge mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R. Groome
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, United States
| | - Landon Bayless-Edwards
- Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, ID, United States
- Oregon Health and Sciences University School of Medicine, Portland, OR, United States
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Yazdanfard PD, Christensen AH, Tfelt-Hansen J, Bundgaard H, Winkel BG. Non-diagnostic autopsy findings in sudden unexplained death victims. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2020; 20:58. [PMID: 32019512 PMCID: PMC7001247 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-020-01361-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several inherited cardiac diseases may lead to sudden cardiac death (SCD) a devastating event in the families. It is crucial to establish a post mortem diagnosis to facilitate relevant work-up and treatment of family members. Sudden unexplained death (SUD) victims constitute roughly one third of all SCD cases in Denmark. METHODS This was a single center, retrospective study investigating SUD cases. Victims who died unexplained due to suspected or confirmed cardiac disease were consecutively referred to a third line referral center established in 2005. All autopsy reports were investigated. Victims were divided into two groups: non-diagnostic cardiac findings and normal cardiac findings. None of the included victims had findings consistent with a diagnosis based on existing criteria. RESULTS In total, 99 SUD cases were referred. The mean age of the victims was 37 years (range 0-62 years, 75% males). A total of 14 (14%) victims had a cardiovascular diagnosis pre-mortem. Thirty-seven cases had normal cardiac findings and non-diagnostic cardiac findings were found in 62 cases (63%). The five most common findings included ventricular hypertrophy and/or enlarged heart (n = 35, 35%), coronary atheromatosis (n = 31, 31%), myocardial fibrosis (n = 19, 19%), dilated chambers (n = 7, 7%) and myocardial inflammation (n = 5, 5%). CONCLUSION One third of SUD victims had normal cardiac findings and non-diagnostic cardiac findings were seen in almost two thirds of the SUD victims. These non-diagnostic findings may be precursors or early markers for underlying structural cardiac disorders or may be innocent bystanders in some cases. Further studies and improved post-mortem examination methods are needed for optimization of diagnostics in SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puriya Daniel Yazdanfard
- Department of Cardiology The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2142, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alex Hørby Christensen
- Department of Cardiology The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2142, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Cardiology, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jacob Tfelt-Hansen
- Department of Cardiology The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2142, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henning Bundgaard
- Department of Cardiology The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2142, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Gregers Winkel
- Department of Cardiology The Heart Center, Copenhagen University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Blegdamsvej 9, 2142, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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Raschwitz LS, El-Battrawy I, Schlentrich K, Besler J, Veith M, Roterberg G, Liebe V, Schimpf R, Lang S, Wolpert C, Zhou X, Akin I, Borggrefe M. Differences in Short QT Syndrome Subtypes: A Systematic Literature Review and Pooled Analysis. Front Genet 2020; 10:1312. [PMID: 32010184 PMCID: PMC6979065 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Short QT syndrome (SQTS) is a rare syndrome and affects different types of genes. However, data on differences of clinical profile and outcome of different SQTS types are sparse. METHODS We conducted a pooled analysis of 110 SQTS patients. Patients have been diagnosed between 2000 and 2017 at our institution (n = 12) and revealed using a literature review (n = 98). 29 studies were identified by analysing systematic data bases (PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Libary, Cinahl). RESULTS 67 patients with genotype positive SQTS origin and 43 patients with genotype negative origin were found. A significant difference is documented between the sex with a higher predominance of male in genotype negative SQTS patients and predominance of females in genotype positive SQTS patients (male 52% versus 84%, female 45% versus 14%; p = 0.0016). No relevant difference of their median age (genotype positive 27 ± 19 versus genotype negative 29 ± 15; p = 0.48) was found. Asymptomatic patients and patients reporting symptoms such as syncope, sudden cardiac death, atrial flutter and ventricular fibrillation documented in both groups were similar except atrial fibrillation (genotype positive 19% versus genotype negative 0%; p = 0.0055). The QTc interval was not significantly different in both groups (genotype positive 315 ± 32 versus genotype negative 320 ± 19; p = 0.30). The treatments (medical treatment and ICD implantation) in both groups were comparable. Electrophysiology studies were not significantly higher documented in patients with genotype positive and negative origin (24% versus 9%; p = 0.075). Events at follow up such as VT, VF, and SCD were not higher presented in patients with genotype positive (13% versus 9%) (p = 0.25). 54% of genotype positive SQTS patients showed SQTS 1 followed by STQS 2 (21%) and SQTS 3 (10%). CONCLUSIONS The long-term risk of a malignant arrhythmic event is not higher in patients with genotype positive. However, patients with genotype positive present themselves more often with AF with a female predominance. Also, other events at follow up such as syncope, atrial flutter and palpitation were not significantly higher (9% versus 0%; p = 0.079).
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura S. Raschwitz
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim El-Battrawy
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Kim Schlentrich
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johanna Besler
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Michael Veith
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Gretje Roterberg
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Volker Liebe
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Rainer Schimpf
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Siegfried Lang
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Christian Wolpert
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Xiaobo Zhou
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Ibrahim Akin
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Martin Borggrefe
- First Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Medical Centre Mannheim (UMM), University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research) Partner Site Heidelberg/Mannheim, Mannheim, Germany
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Girault A, Ahidouch A, Ouadid-Ahidouch H. Roles for Ca 2+ and K + channels in cancer cells exposed to the hypoxic tumour microenvironment. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118644. [PMID: 31931022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
For twenty years, ion channels have been studied in cancer progression. Several information have been collected about their involvement in cancer cellular processes like cell proliferation, motility and their participation in tumour progression using in-vivo models. Tumour microenvironment is currently the focus of many researches and the highlighting of the relationship between cancer cells and surrounding elements, is expanding. One of the major physic-chemical parameter involved in tumour progression is the hypoxia conditions observed in solid cancer. Due to their position on the cell membrane, ion channels are good candidates to transduce or to be modulated by environmental modifications. Until now, few reports have been interested in the modification of ion channel activities or expression in this context, compared to other pathological situations such as ischemia reperfusion. The aim of our review is to summarize the current knowledge about the calcium and potassium channels properties in the context of hypoxia in tumours. This review could pave the way to orientate new studies around this exciting field to obtain new potential therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alban Girault
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (EA 4667), Amiens, France
| | - Ahmed Ahidouch
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (EA 4667), Amiens, France; Université Ibn Zohr, Faculté des sciences, Département de Biologie, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Halima Ouadid-Ahidouch
- Université de Picardie Jules Verne, UFR des Sciences, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire (EA 4667), Amiens, France.
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Šustr F, Stárek Z, Souček M, Novák J. Non-coding RNAs and Cardiac Arrhythmias. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1229:287-300. [PMID: 32285419 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-15-1671-9_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac arrhythmias represent wide and heterogenic group of disturbances in the cardiac rhythm. Pathophysiology of individual arrhythmias is highly complex and dysfunction in ion channels/currents involved in generation or spreading of action potential is usually documented. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) represent highly variable group of molecules regulating the heart expression program, including regulation of the expression of individual ion channels and intercellular connection proteins, e.g. connexins.Within this chapter, we will describe basic electrophysiological properties of the myocardium. We will focus on action potential generation and spreading in pacemaker and non-pacemaker cells, including description of individual ion channels (natrium, potassium and calcium) and their ncRNA-mediated regulation. Most of the studies have so far focused on microRNAs, thus, their regulatory function will be described into greater detail. Clinical consequences of altered ncRNA regulatory function will also be described together with potential future directions of the research in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Šustr
- Second Department of Internal Medicine of St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Stárek
- First Department of Internal Medicine and Cardioangiology of St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Souček
- Second Department of Internal Medicine of St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Novák
- Second Department of Internal Medicine of St. Anne's University Hospital in Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
- CEITEC - Central European Institute for Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
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Wiberg M, Niskanen JE, Hytönen M, Dillard K, Hagner K, Anttila M, Lohi H. Ventricular arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death in young Leonbergers. J Vet Cardiol 2019; 27:10-22. [PMID: 31881369 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2019.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To describe unexpected sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young Leonbergers (<3 years) and to review the circumstances before death and necropsy findings; to prospectively evaluate the presence of possible arrhythmias in young Leonbergers; and to examine pedigrees for determining potential modes of inheritance. ANIMALS Postmortem evaluations included 21 Leonbergers. Clinical evaluation consisted of 46 apparently healthy Leonbergers with and without a close family history of SCD. MATERIALS AND METHODS Necropsy reports were reviewed retrospectively. Prospective clinical evaluation included physical examination, 5-min electrocardiogram, 24-h Holter, echocardiography, and laboratory tests. Pedigree data were examined for mode of inheritance. RESULTS Based on necropsy reports, SCD occurred at a median age of 12 months (range, 2.0-32.0 months) without any previous clinical signs and usually in rest. No evidence of structural cardiac disease was found; arrhythmia-related death was suspected. Clinical evaluation and 24-h Holter showed ventricular arrhythmia (VA) in 14 apparently healthy Leonbergers (median age, 18 months; range, 12-42 months). Severity of VA varied from infrequent couplets/triplets to frequent complexity (couplets, triplets, nonsustained ventricular tachycardias,VTs) characterized by polymorphology. During follow-up, two dogs with polymorphic VT died. Although breed specificity and high prevalence indicate a heritable disease, based on available pedigree data, the mode of inheritance could not be determined. CONCLUSIONS Sudden cardiac death in young Leonbergers is associated with malignant VA characterized by complexity and polymorphic nature. Diagnosis is based on 24-h Holter monitoring. Pedigree analysis suggests that the arrhythmia is familial.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wiberg
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O BOX 57, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - J E Niskanen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Hytönen
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Dillard
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland; Veterinary Bacteriology and Pathology Research Unit, Finnish Food Authority, P.O. BOX 200, 00027, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Hagner
- Veterinary Pathology and Parasitology, Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 66, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - M Anttila
- Veterinary Bacteriology and Pathology Research Unit, Finnish Food Authority, P.O. BOX 200, 00027, Helsinki, Finland
| | - H Lohi
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, Department of Medical Genetics, Medicum, University of Helsinki, Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
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Garris R, Vasudev R, Gupta P, Tiyyagura S, Shamoon F, Bikkina M. Brugada syndrome & AKAP9: Reconciling clinical findings with diagnostic uncertainty. J Electrocardiol 2019; 57:119-121. [PMID: 31654968 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2019.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Brugada Syndrome typically presents with sudden nocturnal arrhythmias. Diagnosis may be challenging due to variable and transient electrocardiogram patterns and nondiagnostic provocation studies. Genetic testing can establish the etiology, but results may be inconclusive with variants of uncertain significance. CASE A 24-year-old male with family history of sudden cardiac death was found unresponsive due to seizure. He was hemodynamically stable. ECG showed saddle-back ST elevations in V1 and V2. Procainamide challenge was negative. We subsequently performed genetic testing, which demonstrated AKAP9 variant. DISCUSSION AKAP9 is a scaffolding protein that facilitates phosphorylation of delayed-rectifier potassium channels. The AKAP9 variant alters potassium current causing disordered repolarization and ventricular reentry. It has been previously linked to other channelopathies, but its pathogenicity is fully undetermined. CONCLUSION Genetic testing is a useful tool to determine the origin of channelopathy, but inconclusive results with variants of uncertain significance should be clinically correlated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Garris
- Department of Internal Medicine, St. Joseph's Health, New York Medical College, Paterson, NJ, USA.
| | - Rahul Vasudev
- Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph's Health, New York Medical College, Paterson, NJ, USA
| | - Punita Gupta
- Department of Genetics, St. Joseph's Health, Paterson, NJ, USA.
| | - Satish Tiyyagura
- Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph's Health, New York Medical College, Paterson, NJ, USA; Department of Electrophysiology, St. Joseph's Health, Paterson, NJ, USA.
| | - Fayez Shamoon
- Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph's Health, New York Medical College, Paterson, NJ, USA.
| | - Mahesh Bikkina
- Department of Cardiology, St. Joseph's Health, New York Medical College, Paterson, NJ, USA.
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Zhang Y, Li A, Huang CLH, Wang G, Wang D. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from an infant with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia carrying the double heterozygous mutations A1855D in RyR2 and Q1362H in SCN10A. Stem Cell Res 2019; 39:101509. [PMID: 31382203 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were generated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from the peripheral blood of a 4 month-old boy with catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia carrying the double heterozygous mutations RyR2-A1855D and SCN10A-Q1362H. PBMCs were reprogrammed using non-integrative Sendai viral vectors containing reprogramming factors OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and C-MYC. The iPSCs were shown to express pluripotent markers, have trilineage differentiation potential, carry RyR2-A1855D and SCN10A-Q1362H mutations and have a normal karyotype. They will be useful for studying the pathogenesis of CPVT patients with ≥2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmin Zhang
- Children's Research Institute of Shaanxi Province, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, China; Department of Cardiology, Affiliate Children's Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710003, China.
| | - Anmao Li
- Children's Research Institute of Shaanxi Province, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, China
| | - Christopher L-H Huang
- Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB3 0DF, United Kingdom
| | - Guoxia Wang
- Children's Research Institute of Shaanxi Province, China; Xi'an Key Laboratory of Children's Health and Diseases, China
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The role of the autopsy in the diagnosis of commotio cordis lethal cases: Review of the literature. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2019; 38:73-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ghorayeb N, Stein R, Daher DJ, Silveira ADD, Ritt LEF, Santos DFPD, Sierra APR, Herdy AH, Araújo CGSD, Colombo CSSDS, Kopiler DA, Lacerda FFRD, Lazzoli JK, Matos LDNJD, Leitão MB, Francisco RC, Alô ROB, Timerman S, Carvalho TD, Garcia TG. The Brazilian Society of Cardiology and Brazilian Society of Exercise and Sports Medicine Updated Guidelines for Sports and Exercise Cardiology - 2019. Arq Bras Cardiol 2019; 112:326-368. [PMID: 30916199 PMCID: PMC6424031 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20190048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nabil Ghorayeb
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina do Esporte da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Instituto de Assistência Médica ao Servidor Público Estadual (IAMSPE), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Ricardo Stein
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
- Vitta Centro de Bem Estar Físico, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Daniel Jogaib Daher
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Anderson Donelli da Silveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (HCPA/UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
- Vitta Centro de Bem Estar Físico, Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - Luiz Eduardo Fonteles Ritt
- Hospital Cárdio Pulmonar, Salvador, BA - Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, BA - Brazil
| | | | | | - Artur Haddad Herdy
- Instituto de Cardiologia de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
- Clínica Cardiosport de Prevenção e Reabilitação, Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
| | | | - Cléa Simone Sabino de Souza Colombo
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Sports Cardiology, Cardiology Clinical Academic Group - St George's University of London,14 London - UK
| | - Daniel Arkader Kopiler
- Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e do Exercício (SBMEE), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Cardiologia (INC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil
| | - Filipe Ferrari Ribeiro de Lacerda
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Cardiologia e Ciências Cardiovasculares da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS - Brazil
| | - José Kawazoe Lazzoli
- Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e do Exercício (SBMEE), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Federação Internacional de Medicina do Esporte (FIMS), Lausanne - Switzerland
| | | | - Marcelo Bichels Leitão
- Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e do Exercício (SBMEE), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Ricardo Contesini Francisco
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Otávio Bougleux Alô
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Hospital Geral de São Mateus, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Sérgio Timerman
- Instituto do Coração da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (InCor-FMUSP), São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, Laureate International Universities, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
| | - Tales de Carvalho
- Clínica Cardiosport de Prevenção e Reabilitação, Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
- Departamento de Ergometria e Reabilitação Cardiovascular da Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia (DERC/SBC), Rio de Janeiro, RJ - Brazil
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
| | - Thiago Ghorayeb Garcia
- Instituto Dante Pazzanese de Cardiologia, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
- Hospital do Coração (HCor), Associação do Sanatório Sírio, São Paulo, SP - Brazil
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Rahm AK, Lugenbiel P, Schweizer PA, Katus HA, Thomas D. Role of ion channels in heart failure and channelopathies. Biophys Rev 2018; 10:1097-1106. [PMID: 30019205 PMCID: PMC6082303 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-018-0442-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a complication of multiple cardiac diseases and is characterized by impaired contractile and electric function. Patients with HF are not only limited by reduced contractile function but are also prone to life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. HF itself leads to remodeling of ion channels, gap junctions, and intracellular calcium handling abnormalities that in combination with structural remodeling, e.g., fibrosis, produce a substrate for an arrhythmogenic disorders. Not only ventricular life-threatening arrhythmias contribute to increased morbidity and mortality but also atrial arrhythmias, especially atrial fibrillation (AF), are common in HF patients and contribute to morbidity and mortality. The distinct ion channel remodeling processes in HF and in channelopathies associated with HF will be discussed. Further basic research and clinical studies are needed to identify underlying molecular pathways of HF pathophysiology to provide the basis for improved patient care and individualized therapy based on individualized ion channel composition and remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann-Kathrin Rahm
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lugenbiel
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Patrick A. Schweizer
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hugo A. Katus
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dierk Thomas
- Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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