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Zhao K, Wang M. miR-92b-3p Protects against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting MAP3K2 in a Mouse Model. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2024. [PMID: 38692270 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE MicroRNAs are well-known RNA regulators modulating biological functions in complex signaling networks. This work aims to explore the impact of microRNA-92b-3p (miR-92b-3p) on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS The I/R model was established by left anterior descending coronary artery ligation in mice. The hemodynamic parameters were detected through a multichannel physiological recorder. Myocardial injury markers: serum cardiac troponin I, myocardial kinase isoenzyme (creatine kinase-MB), and serum inflammatory factors (tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin [IL]-1β, and IL-6) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cardiac tissue oxidative stress-related factors (malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase, total antioxidation capability, and superoxide dismutase) were assessed by colorimetry, myocardial pathology was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining, and cardiomyocyte apoptosis was measured by triphosphate nick end-labeling staining, as well as the expression of miR-92b-3p and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 2 (MAP3K2) in cardiac tissues were determined by reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction or western blot assay. The targeting relationship between miR-92b-3p and MAP3K2 was verified by bioinformatics, RNA immunoprecipitation, and luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS miR-92b-3p was lowly expressed and MAP3K2 was highly expressed in myocardial I/R injury mice. Upregulation of miR-92b-3p improved hemodynamic indices, decreased serum levels of myocardial injury biomarkers, inhibited serum inflammatory response, alleviated cardiac tissue oxidative stress, relieved myocardial pathology, and reduced cardiomyocyte apoptosis during the myocardial I/R injury in mice. MAP3K2 was a direct target gene of miR-92b-3p. CONCLUSION This research suggests that miR-92b-3p protects against myocardial I/R injury by inhibiting MAP3K2, which may provide novel candidates for treatment of myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhao
- Department of Emergency, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, East Campus, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Mei Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, East Branch, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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Sanz RL, Menéndez SG, Inserra F, Ferder L, Manucha W. Cellular and Mitochondrial Pathways Contribute to SGLT2 Inhibitors-mediated Tissue Protection: Experimental and Clinical Data. Curr Pharm Des 2024; 30:969-974. [PMID: 38551044 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128289350240320063045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
In metabolic syndrome and diabetes, compromised mitochondrial function emerges as a critical driver of cardiovascular disease, fueling its development and persistence, culminating in cardiac remodeling and adverse events. In this context, angiotensin II - the main interlocutor of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system - promotes local and systemic oxidative inflammatory processes. To highlight, the low activity/expression of proteins called sirtuins negatively participates in these processes, allowing more significant oxidative imbalance, which impacts cellular and tissue responses, causing tissue damage, inflammation, and cardiac and vascular remodeling. The reduction in energy production of mitochondria has been widely described as a significant element in all types of metabolic disorders. Additionally, high sirtuin levels and AMPK signaling stimulate hypoxia- inducible factor 1 beta and promote ketonemia. Consequently, enhanced autophagy and mitophagy advance through cardiac cells, sweeping away debris and silencing the orchestra of oxidative stress and inflammation, ultimately protecting vulnerable tissue from damage. To highlight and of particular interest, SGLT2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) profoundly influence all these mechanisms. Randomized clinical trials have evidenced a compelling picture of SGLT2i emerging as game-changers, wielding their power to demonstrably improve cardiac function and slash the rates of cardiovascular and renal events. Furthermore, driven by recent evidence, SGLT2i emerge as cellular supermolecules, exerting their beneficial actions to increase mitochondrial efficiency, alleviate oxidative stress, and curb severe inflammation. Its actions strengthen tissues and create a resilient defense against disease. In conclusion, like a treasure chest brimming with untold riches, the influence of SGLT2i on mitochondrial function holds untold potential for cardiovascular health. Unlocking these secrets, like a map guiding adventurers to hidden riches, promises to pave the way for even more potent therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Lelio Sanz
- Departamento de Patologie et Pharmacologie, Instituto de Medicina y Biologia Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigación Cientifica y Tecnológica (IMBECU- CONICET), Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Sebastián García Menéndez
- Departamento de Patologie et Pharmacologie, Instituto de Medicina y Biologia Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigación Cientifica y Tecnológica (IMBECU- CONICET), Mendoza 5500, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Farmacologia Experimental Básica y Traslacional, Departamento de Patologie et Pharmacologie, Área de Farmacologia, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
| | - Felipe Inserra
- Departmento de Pathologie et Pharmacologie, Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires C1405, Argentina
| | - León Ferder
- Departmento de Pathologie et Pharmacologie, Universidad Maimónides, Buenos Aires C1405, Argentina
| | - Walter Manucha
- Departamento de Patologie et Pharmacologie, Instituto de Medicina y Biologia Experimental de Cuyo, Consejo Nacional de Investigación Cientifica y Tecnológica (IMBECU- CONICET), Mendoza 5500, Argentina
- Laboratorio de Farmacologia Experimental Básica y Traslacional, Departamento de Patologie et Pharmacologie, Área de Farmacologia, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza 5500, Argentina
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Pei SJ, Zhu YZ, Yang JM, Zhang MC, Shi CL, Ding Y, Yi YY. Activation of moderate autophagy promotes survival of fat graft. FASEB J 2023; 37:e23289. [PMID: 37950635 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202300892r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Clinically unpredictable retention following fat grafting remains outstanding problems because of the unrevealed mechanism of grafted fat survival. The role of autophagy, a process to maintain cellular homeostasis through recycling cellular debris, has yet been to be reported in fat grafting. This study aims to improve the survival of fat grafting through the autophagy. First, the relationship between cell death and autophagy in the early stage of fat grafting was evaluated through immunostaining, RNA sequencing, and western blot. Next, rapamycin, an autophagic agonist, was used for the culturing of adipose-derived stem cells and adipocytes during ischemia. Cell death, autophagy, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assayed. Finally, rapamycin was used to assist fat grafting in nude mice. The results demonstrated that the peak of cell death at the early stage of fat grafting was accompanied by a decrease in autophagy. In vitro, during ischemia, 25 nM was confirmed as the optimal dose of rapamycin that reduces cell death with enhanced autophagy and mitophagy, improved mitochondrial quality as well as decreased ROS accumulation. In vivo, promoted mitophagy, alleviated oxidative stress, and decreased cell apoptosis of rapamycin-treated fat grafts were observed in the early stage. In addition, rapamycin increased the survival of fat grafts with increased neovascularization and reduced fibrosis. We suggested that moderate autophagy induced by rapamycin contribute to enhanced ischemic tolerance and long term survival of fat grafts through mitochondrial quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Jun Pei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Zheng Zhu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Juan-Min Yang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Min-Chen Zhang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Long Shi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Yan Yi
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, P. R. China
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4
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Bai H, Xu SL, Shi JJ, Ding YP, Liu QQ, Jiang CH, He LL, Zhang HR, Lu SF, Gu YH. Electroacupuncture preconditioning protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating dynamic inflammatory response. Heliyon 2023; 9:e19396. [PMID: 37809701 PMCID: PMC10558356 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The protective effects of electroacupuncture (EA) preconditioning against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) have been reported. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Recent research has indicated that the dynamic inflammatory response following MIRI plays an essential role in the progression of myocardial injury. This study aimed to investigate the myocardial protective effects of EA preconditioning on MIRI in rats and to explore the relevant mechanism from the perspective of dynamic inflammatory response. Methods A MIRI model was employed, and the rats were subjected to EA on Neiguan for four days prior to modeling. The myocardial protective effect of EA preconditioning was evaluated by echocardiography, Evans blue and triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blot, hematoxylin & eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry were utilized to detect the content of mitochondrial DNA, NOD receptor family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation, neutrophil recruitment and macrophage infiltration in blood samples and myocardium below the ligation. Results We found that EA preconditioning could accelerate the recovery of left ventricle function after MIRI and reduce the myocardial infarction area, thereby protecting the myocardium against MIRI. Furthermore, EA preconditioning was observed to ameliorate mitochondrial impairment, reduce the level of plasma mitochondrial DNA, modulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation, attenuate neutrophil infiltration, and promote the polarization of M1 macrophages towards M2 macrophages in the myocardium after MIRI. Conclusion EA preconditioning could reduce plasma mtDNA, suppress overactivation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, facilitate the transition from the acute pro-inflammatory phase to the anti-inflammatory reparative phase after MIRI, and ultimately confer cardioprotective benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Bai
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sen-Lei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jun-Jing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ya-Ping Ding
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qiong-Qiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Chun-Hong Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Li-Li He
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Hong-Ru Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Sheng-Feng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- School of Elderly Care Services and Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Yi-Huang Gu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
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5
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Barbero NM, Oller J, Sanz AB, Ramos AM, Ortiz A, Ruiz-Ortega M, Rayego-Mateos S. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Cardio-Renal Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098209. [PMID: 37175915 PMCID: PMC10179675 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) frequently complicates chronic kidney disease (CKD). The risk of all-cause mortality increases from 20% to 500% in patients who suffer both conditions; this is referred to as the so-called cardio-renal syndrome (CRS). Preclinical studies have described the key role of mitochondrial dysfunction in cardiovascular and renal diseases, suggesting that maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis is a promising therapeutic strategy for CRS. In this review, we explore the malfunction of mitochondrial homeostasis (mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, oxidative stress, and mitophagy) and how it contributes to the development and progression of the main vascular pathologies that could be affected by kidney injury and vice versa, and how this knowledge may guide the development of novel therapeutic strategies in CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerea Mendez Barbero
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Oller
- Laboratory of Vascular Pathology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedicine, Universidad Alfonso X El Sabio, 28037 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana B Sanz
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrian M Ramos
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Ortiz
- Spain Nephrology Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Ruiz-Ortega
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Sandra Rayego-Mateos
- REDINREN Spain/Ricors2040, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Cellular Biology in Renal Diseases Laboratory, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Zhou J, Shen R, Makale EC, Zhong W, Chen Z, Huang Q. SS31 Confers Cerebral Protection by Reversing Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Early Brain Injury Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, via the Nrf2- and PGC-1α-Dependent Pathways. Neurochem Res 2022; 48:1580-1595. [PMID: 36574150 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03850-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In early brain injury (EBI), oxidative stress occurs following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and mitochondria are intricately linked to this process. SS31, a mitochondria-targeting antioxidative peptide, has been demonstrated to be beneficial for multiple diseases because of its powerful antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. Although our previous study revealed that SS31 was involved in the powerful antioxidant effect following SAH, the underlying molecular mechanisms remained unclear. Thus, our study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of SS31 by reversing mitochondrial dysfunction in EBI following SAH, via activating the Nrf2 signaling and PGC-1α pathways. Our findings confirmed that SS31 ameliorated SAH-triggered oxidative insult. SS31 administration decreased redundant reactive oxygen species, alleviated lipid peroxidation, and elevated the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Concomitant with the inhibited oxidative insult, SS31 dramatically attenuated neurological deficits, cerebral edema, neural apoptosis, and blood-brain barrier disruption following SAH. Moreover, SS31 remarkably promoted nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2) nuclear shuttle and upregulated the expression levels of heme oxygenase-1 and NADPH: quinine oxidoreductase1. Additionally, SS31 enhanced the expression levels of PGC-1α and its target genes, and increased the mtDNA copy number, promoting mitochondrial function. However, PGC-1α-specific inhibitor SR-18292 pretreatment dramatically suppressed SS31-induced Nrf2 expression and PGC-1α activation. Furthermore, pretreatment with SR-18292 reversed the neuroprotective and antioxidant roles of SS31. These significant beneficial effects were associated with the activation of the Nrf2 signaling and PGC-1α pathways and were antagonized by SR-18292 administration. Our findings reveal that SS31 exhibits its neuroprotective activity by reversing mitochondrial dysfunction via activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway, which could be mediated through PGC-1α activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Longhua Road, Haikou, 570102, Hainan Province, China
| | - Ruiming Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Emmanuel C Makale
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Wangwang Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Longhua Road, Haikou, 570102, Hainan Province, China
| | - Zhenggang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Longhua Road, Haikou, 570102, Hainan Province, China
| | - Qiuhu Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, 31 Longhua Road, Haikou, 570102, Hainan Province, China.
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Huang X, Zeng Z, Li S, Xie Y, Tong X. The Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Mitochondrial Metabolism in Cardiovascular Disease. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122760. [PMID: 36559254 PMCID: PMC9788260 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a group of systemic disorders threatening human health with complex pathogenesis, among which mitochondrial energy metabolism reprogramming has a critical role. Mitochondria are cell organelles that fuel the energy essential for biochemical reactions and maintain normal physiological functions of the body. Mitochondrial metabolic disorders are extensively involved in the progression of CVD, especially for energy-demanding organs such as the heart. Therefore, elucidating the role of mitochondrial metabolism in the progression of CVD is of great significance to further understand the pathogenesis of CVD and explore preventive and therapeutic methods. In this review, we discuss the major factors of mitochondrial metabolism and their potential roles in the prevention and treatment of CVD. The current application of mitochondria-targeted therapeutic agents in the treatment of CVD and advances in mitochondria-targeted gene therapy technologies are also overviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Huang
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Zhenhua Zeng
- Biomedical Research Center, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Yufei Xie
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaoyong Tong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China
- Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing 401329, China
- Correspondence:
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8
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Pedriali G, Ramaccini D, Bouhamida E, Wieckowski MR, Giorgi C, Tremoli E, Pinton P. Perspectives on mitochondrial relevance in cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1082095. [PMID: 36561366 PMCID: PMC9763599 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1082095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death worldwide and in particular, ischemic heart disease holds the most considerable position. Even if it has been deeply studied, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is still a side-effect of the clinical treatment for several heart diseases: ischemia process itself leads to temporary damage to heart tissue and obviously the recovery of blood flow is promptly required even if it worsens the ischemic injury. There is no doubt that mitochondria play a key role in pathogenesis of IRI: dysfunctions of these important organelles alter cell homeostasis and survival. It has been demonstrated that during IRI the system of mitochondrial quality control undergoes alterations with the disruption of the complex balance between the processes of mitochondrial fusion, fission, biogenesis and mitophagy. The fundamental role of mitochondria is carried out thanks to the finely regulated connection to other organelles such as plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum and nucleus, therefore impairments of these inter-organelle communications exacerbate IRI. This review pointed to enhance the importance of the mitochondrial network in the pathogenesis of IRI with the aim to focus on potential mitochondria-targeting therapies as new approach to control heart tissue damage after ischemia and reperfusion process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Pedriali
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | | | - Esmaa Bouhamida
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy
| | - Mariusz R. Wieckowski
- Laboratory of Mitochondrial Biology and Metabolism, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Science, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Tremoli
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy,*Correspondence: Paolo Pinton, ; Elena Tremoli,
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care and Research, Cotignola, Italy,Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), Department of Medical Science, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy,*Correspondence: Paolo Pinton, ; Elena Tremoli,
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9
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Zhang F, Li Z, Gao P, Zou J, Cui Y, Qian Y, Gu R, Xu W, Hu J. HJ11 decoction restrains development of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats by suppressing ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1024292. [PMID: 36483736 PMCID: PMC9723372 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1024292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
HJ11 is a novel traditional Chinese medicine developed from the appropriate addition and reduction of Si-Miao-Yong-An decoction, which has been commonly used to treat ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in the clinical setting. However, the mechanism of action of HJ11 components remains unclear. Ferroptosis is a critical factor that promotes myocardial I/R injury, and the pathophysiological ferroptosis-mediated lipid peroxidation causes I/R injury. Therefore, this study explored whether HJ11 decoction ameliorates myocardial I/R injury by attenuating ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. This study also explored the effect of ACSL4 expression on iron-dependent programmed cell death by preparing a rat model of myocardial I/R injury and oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced H9c2 cells. The results showed that HJ11 decoction improved cardiac function; attenuated I/R injury, apoptosis, oxidative stress, mitochondrial damage, and iron accumulation; and reduced infarct size in the myocardial I/R injury rat model. Additionally, HJ11 decoction suppressed the expression of ferroptosis-promoting proteins [Acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2)] but promoted the expression of ferroptosis-inhibiting proteins [ferritin heavy chain 1 (FTH1) and glutathione-dependent lipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4)] in the myocardial tissues of the I/R injury rat model. Similar results were found with the OGD/R-induced H9c2 cells. Interestingly, ACSL4 knockdown attenuated iron accumulation, oxidative stress, and ferroptosis in the OGD/R-treated H9c2 cells. However, ACSL4 overexpression counteracted the inhibitory effect of the HJ11 decoction on OGD/R-triggered oxidative stress and ferroptosis in H9c2 cells. These findings suggest that HJ11 decoction restrained the development of myocardial I/R injury by regulating ACSL4-mediated ferroptosis. Thus, HJ11 decoction may be an effective medication to treat myocardial I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Zhang
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyun Li
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, School of Regimen and Rehabilitation, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiaxi Zou
- School·of·Basic·Medical·Sciences Chengdu·University·of Traditional·Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuting Cui
- College of Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yi Qian
- The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Renjun Gu
- School of Chinese Medicine, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiming Xu
- China Science and Technology Development Center for Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- The First Affilliated Hospital of Henan University of CM, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingqing Hu
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- China Science and Technology Development Center for Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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10
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Suo M, Qi Y, Liu L, Zhang C, Li J, Yan X, Zhang C, Ti Y, Chen T, Bu P. SS31 Alleviates Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure Caused by Sirt3-Mediated Mitochondrial Fusion. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:858594. [PMID: 35592397 PMCID: PMC9110818 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.858594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure caused by pressure overload is one of the leading causes of heart failure worldwide, but its pathological origin remains poorly understood. It remains critical to discover and find new improvements and treatments for pressure overload-induced heart failure. According to previous studies, mitochondrial dysfunction and myocardial interstitial fibrosis are important mechanisms for the development of heart failure. The oligopeptide Szeto-Schiller Compound 31 (SS31) can specifically interact with the inner mitochondrial membrane and affect the integrity of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Whether SS31 alleviates pressure overload-induced heart failure through the regulation of mitochondrial fusion has not yet been confirmed. We established a pressure-overloaded heart failure mouse model through TAC surgery and found that SS31 can significantly improve cardiac function, reduce myocardial interstitial fibrosis, and increase the expression of optic atrophy-associated protein 1 (OPA1), a key protein in mitochondrial fusion. Interestingly, the role of SS31 in improving heart failure and reducing fibrosis is inseparable from the presence of sirtuin3 (Sirt3). We found that in Sirt3KO mice and fibroblasts, the effects of SS31 on improving heart failure and improving fibroblast transdifferentiation were disappeared. Likewise, Sirt3 has direct interactions with proteins critical for mitochondrial fission and fusion. We found that SS31 failed to increase OPA1 expression in both Sirt3KO mice and fibroblasts. Thus, SS31 can alleviate pressure overload-induced heart failure through Sirt3-mediated mitochondrial fusion. This study provides new directions and drug options for the clinical treatment of heart failure caused by pressure overload.
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Tan H, Xu J, Liu Y. Ageing, cellular senescence and chronic kidney disease: experimental evidence. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2022; 31:235-243. [PMID: 35142744 PMCID: PMC9035037 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is often viewed as an accelerated and premature ageing of the kidney, as they share common pathological features characterized by cellular senescence. In this review, we summarize the experimental evidence linking cellular senescence to the pathobiology of kidney ageing and CKD, and discuss the strategies for targeting senescent cells in developing therapeutics for ageing-related kidney disorders. RECENT FINDINGS Kidney ageing and CKD are featured with increased cellular senescence, an irreversible state of cell cycle arrest and the cessation of cell division. Senescent cells secrete a diverse array of proinflammatory and profibrotic factors known as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Secondary senescence can be induced by primary senescent cells via a mechanism involving direct contact or the SASP. Various senolytic therapies aiming to selectively remove senescent cells in vivo have been developed. Senostatic approaches to suppress senescence or inhibit SASP, as well as nutrient signalling regulators are also validated in animal models of ageing. SUMMARY These recent studies provide experimental evidence supporting the notion that accumulation of senescent cells and their associated SASP is a main driver leading to structural and functional organ degeneration in CKD and other ageing-related disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huishi Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Youhua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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12
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Yang Q, Li C, Chen Q. SS31 Ameliorates Oxidative Stress via the Restoration of Autophagic Flux to Protect Aged Mice From Hind Limb Ischemia. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:789331. [PMID: 35497980 PMCID: PMC9046554 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.789331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress and impaired autophagic flux play important roles in the development of peripheral artery disease (PAD). SS31 is considered an important antioxidant peptide and autophagy regulator. We aimed to investigate the role of SS31 in PAD myopathy and its possible mechanism both in vivo and in vitro. Methods A hind limb ischemia (HLI) model was established with old C57BL/6 (14-month-old) mice. Mice in the SS31 group were intraperitoneally injected with SS31 (3 mg/kg) for 4 weeks. We examined skeletal muscle function and histomorphology, autophagy-related protein levels and reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. For the in vitro experiments, after C2C12 myotubes were treated with CoCl2, SS31, and chloroquine (CQ) or rapamycin (RAPA), we measured ROS content, autophagy-related protein levels and antioxidant enzyme expression. Results SS31 treatment effectively enhanced the recovery of skeletal muscle function, alleviated skeletal muscle injury and suppressed mitochondrial ROS production in ischemic limbs. SS31 reduced apoptosis and oxidative stress, and SS31 restored impaired autophagic flux by inhibiting the AKT-mTOR pathway. In vitro studies showed that SS31 restored autophagic flux and improved oxidative stress in C2C12 cells. Moreover, phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) and phosphorylated mTOR (p-mTOR) levels were reduced. Conclusion These experiments indicated that SS31 can inhibit oxidative stress by restoring autophagic flux to reverse hypoxia-induced injury in vivo and in vitro.
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Sung PH, Chai HT, Yang CC, Chiang JY, Chen CH, Chen YL, Yip HK. Combined levosimendan and Sacubitril/Valsartan markedly protected the heart and kidney against cardiorenal syndrome in rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 148:112745. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.112745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Li L, Thompson J, Hu Y, Lesnefsky EJ, Willard B, Chen Q. Calpain-mediated protein targets in cardiac mitochondria following ischemia-reperfusion. Sci Rep 2022; 12:138. [PMID: 34997008 PMCID: PMC8741987 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-03947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Calpain 1 and 2 (CPN1/2) are calcium-dependent cysteine proteases that exist in cytosol and mitochondria. Pharmacologic inhibition of CPN1/2 decreases cardiac injury during ischemia (ISC)-reperfusion (REP) by improving mitochondrial function. However, the protein targets of CPN1/2 activation during ISC-REP are unclear. CPN1/2 include a large subunit and a small regulatory subunit 1 (CPNS1). Genetic deletion of CPNS1 eliminates the activities of both CPN1 and CPN2. Conditional cardiomyocyte specific CPNS1 deletion mice were used in the present study to clarify the role of CPN1/2 activation in mitochondrial damage during ISC-REP with an emphasis on identifying the potential protein targets of CPN1/2. Isolated hearts from wild type (WT) or CPNS1 deletion mice underwent 25 min in vitro global ISC and 30 min REP. Deletion of CPNS1 led to decreased cytosolic and mitochondrial calpain 1 activation compared to WT. Cardiac injury was decreased in CPNS1 deletion mice following ISC-REP as shown by the decreased infarct size compared to WT. Compared to WT, mitochondrial function was improved in CPNS1 deletion mice following ischemia-reperfusion as shown by the improved oxidative phosphorylation and decreased susceptibility to mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. H2O2 generation was also decreased in mitochondria from deletion mice following ISC-REP compared to WT. Deletion of CPNS1 also resulted in less cytochrome c and truncated apoptosis inducing factor (tAIF) release from mitochondria. Proteomic analysis of the isolated mitochondria showed that deletion of CPNS1 increased the content of proteins functioning in regulation of mitochondrial calcium homeostasis (paraplegin and sarcalumenin) and complex III activity. These results suggest that activation of CPN1 increases cardiac injury during ischemia-reperfusion by impairing mitochondrial function and triggering cytochrome c and tAIF release from mitochondria into cytosol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Proteomics Core, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Jeremy Thompson
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Ying Hu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
| | - Edward J Lesnefsky
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA
- McGuire Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Richmond, VA, 23249, USA
| | - Belinda Willard
- Proteomics Core, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Qun Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, 23298, USA.
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Gao M, Liang C, Hong W, Yu X, Zhou Y, Sun R, Li H, Huang H, Gan X, Yuan Z, Zhang J, Chen J, Mo Q, Wang L, Lin B, Li B, Ran P. Biomass-related PM2.5 induces mitochondrial fragmentation and dysfunction in human airway epithelial cells. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 292:118464. [PMID: 34763019 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomass for cooking and heating is considered an important factor associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but few studies have previously addressed its underlying mechanisms. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the effects of biomass-related PM2.5 (BRPM2.5) exposure on 16HBE human airway epithelial cells and in mice with regard to mitochondrial dysfunction. Our study indicated that BRPM2.5 exposure of 16HBE cells resulted in mitochondrial dysfunction, including decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, increased expression of fission proteins-phospho-DRP1, increased mitochondrial ROS (mtROS), and decreased levels of ATP. BRPM2.5 altered the mitochondrial metabolism of 16HBE cells by decreasing mitochondrial oxygen consumption and glycolysis. However, Mitochondria targeted peptide SS-31 eliminated mitochondrial ROS and alleviated the ATP deficiency and proinflammatory cytokines release. BRPM2.5 exposure resulted in abnormal mitochondrial morphological alterations both in 16HBE and in lung tissue. Taken together, these results suggest that BRPM2.5 has detrimental effects on human airway epithelial cells, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal mitochondrial metabolism and altered mitochondrial dynamics. The present study provides the first evidence that disruption of mitochondrial structure and mitochondrial metabolism may be one of the mechanisms of BRPM2.5-induced respiratory dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Chunxiao Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Yu
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yumin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruiting Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haichao Huang
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuhong Gan
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze Yuan
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiahuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiudi Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luyao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Biting Lin
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Bing Li
- GMU-GIBH Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Pixin Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Extracorporeal Shock Wave Therapy Protected the Functional and Architectural Integrity of Rodent Urinary Bladder against Ketamine-Induced Damage. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101391. [PMID: 34680507 PMCID: PMC8533571 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that extracorporeal-shock-wave (ECSW) protected the functional and anatomical integrity of rat urinary-bladder against ketamine-induced damage. In in vitro study, the rat bladder smooth muscle cells (RBdSMCs) were categorized into G1 (sham-control), G2 (RBdSMCs + menadione), G3 (RBdSMCs + ECSW) and G4 (RBdSMCs + menadione + ECSW). The results showed protein expressions of oxidative-stress/mitochondrial-damaged biomarkers (NOX-1/NOX-2/oxidized protein/cytosolic-cytochrome-C/cyclophilin-D), inflammatory markers (MyD88/TRAF6/p-IKB-α/NF-κB/TNF-α/IL-6/IL-1ß/MMP-9/iNOS), and cell-stress response signalings (ASK1/p-MKK4/p-MKK7/ERK1/2//p-JNK/p-p38/p-53) were significantly increased in G2 than in G1 and G3, and those were significantly reversed in G4 (all p < 0.0001). Adult-male SD rats (n = 24) were equally categorized into group 1 (sham-control), group 2 (ketamine/30 mg/kg/daily i.p. injection for four weeks), group 3 [ketamine/30 mg/kg + ECSW/optimal energy (0.12 mJ/mm2/120 impulses/at 3 h and days 3/7/14/21/28 after ketamine administration)] and group 4 [(ketamine/30 mg/kg + ECSW/higher energy (0.16 mJ/mm2/120 impulses)] and animals were euthanized by day 42. The results showed the urine levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α/IL-6) were lowest in group 1, highest in group 2 and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 4 at days 1/7/14/28 (all p < 0.0001). The duration of urinary bladder contraction was lowest in group 2, highest in group 1 and significantly higher in group 4 than in group 3, whereas the maximal pressure of urinary bladder exhibited an opposite pattern of bladder contraction among the groups (all p < 0.0001). The histopathological findings of fibrosis/inflammation/keratinization and protein expressions of oxidative-stress/mitochondrial-damaged biomarkers (NOX-1/NOX-2/oxidized protein/cytosolic-cytochrome-C/cyclophilin-D), and inflammatory (TLR-2/TLR-4/MyD88/TRAF6/p-IKB-α/NF-κB/TNF-α/IL-1ß/MMP-9/iNOS) and cell-stress response (ASK1/p-MKK4/p-MKK7/ERK1/2//p-JNK/p-p38) signalings and apoptotic/fibrotic biomarkers (cleaved-caspas3/cleaved-PARB/Smad3/TFG-ß) exhibited an identical pattern of urine proinflammatory cytokine among the groups (all p < 0.0001). ECSW effectively attenuated ketamine-induced bladder damage and dysfunction.
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Extracorporeal Shock Wave Enhanced Exogenous Mitochondria into Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Further Preserved Heart Function in Rat Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9101362. [PMID: 34680479 PMCID: PMC8533341 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9101362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study tested whether extracorporeal shock wave (ECSW) supported-exogenous mitochondria (Mito) into adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) would preserve left-ventricular-ejection-fraction (LVEF) in doxorubicin/12 mg/kg-induced dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) rat. Adult-male-SD rats were equally categorized into group 1 (sham-control), group 2 (DCM), group 3 (DCM + ECSW/1.5 mJ/mm2 for 140 shots/week × 3 times/since day 14 after DCM induction), group 4 (DCM + ECSW/1.5 mJ/mm2/100 shots-assisted mito delivery (500 μg) into ADMSCs/1.2 × 106 cells, then implanted into LV myocardium day 14 after DCM induction) and group 5 (DCM + ECSW-assisted mito delivery into ADMSCs/1.2 × 106 cells, then implanted into LV, followed by ECSW/1.5 mJ/mm2 for 140 shots/week × 3 times/since day 14 after DCM induction) and euthanized by day 49. Microscopic findings showed mitochondria were abundantly enhanced by ECSW into H9C2 cells. The q-PCR showed a significant increase in relative number of mitDNA in mitochondrial-transferred H9C2 cells than in control group (p < 0.01). The angiogenesis/angiogenesis factors (VEGF/SDF-1α/IG-F1) in HUVECs were significantly progressively increased by a stepwise-increased amount of ECSW energy (0.1/0.25/0.35 mJ/mm2) (all p < 0.001). The 49-day LVEF was highest in group 1 and significantly progressively increased from groups 2 to 5 (all p < 0.0001). Cardiomyocyte size/fibrosis exhibited an opposite pattern of LVEF, whereas cellular/protein levels of angiogenesis factors (VEGF/SDF-1α) in myocardium were significantly progressively increased from groups 1 to 5 (all p < 0.0001). The protein expressions of apoptotic/mitochondrial (cleaved-caspase-3/cleaved-PARP/mitochondrial-Bax/cytosolic-cytochrome-C), fibrotic (p-Smad3/TGF-ß), oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX-2) and pressure-overload/heart failure (BNP/ß-MHC) biomarkers exhibited an opposite pattern of LVEF among the five groups (all p < 0.0001). ECSW-assisted mitochondrial-delivery into ADMSCs plus ECSW offered an additional benefit for preserving LVEF in DCM rat.
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Yeh JN, Sung PH, Chiang JY, Sheu JJ, Huang CR, Chu YC, Chua S, Yip HK. Early treatment with combination of SS31 and entresto effectively preserved the heart function in doxorubicin-induced dilated cardiomyopathic rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 141:111886. [PMID: 34426177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study tested the hypothesis that early administration of SS31 and entresto (En) was superior to either one alone on preserving the heart function in setting of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) induced by doxorubicin (Dox) [accumulated dosage of 12.5 mg/kg/administered by intraperitoneal (IP) at 4 separated time points within 20 days] in rat. METHODS AND RESULTS Adult-male SD rats (n = 40) were equally categorized into groups 1 (sham-control), 2 (DCM), 3 (DCM + SS31/0.7 mg/kg/day/IP, since day-14 after DCM induction to day-60), 4 [DCM + En (30 mg/kg/day/orally since day-14 after DCM induction to day-60)] and 5 (DCM + combined SS31-En), and animals were euthanized by day 60. By day 60, left-ventricular ejection-fraction (LVEF) was highest in group 1, lowest in group 2 and significantly higher in group 5 than in groups 3 and 4 (all p < 0.0001), but it showed no difference between groups 3/4. The microscopic study showed that the fibrosis area/cardiomyocyte size and DNA-damaged (γ-H2AX+)/inflammatory (CD14+//CD68+) markers, and flow analysis of inflammatory (Ly6G+/MPO+/CD11b/c+) and early/late apoptosis (AN-V+/PI-//AN-V+/PI+) cells exhibited an opposite pattern of LVEF among the five groups (all p < 0.0001). The protein expressions of inflammatory upstream (TLR2/TLR4/MyD88/Mal/ TRAF6/IKK-α/IKK-ß) and downstream (p-NF-κb/TNF-α/IL-1ß/MMP-9), oxidative-stress/mitochondrial-damaged (NOX-1/NOX-2/cytosolic cytochrome-C/cyclophilin-D/DRP1) and autophagic/apoptotic (ratio of LC3B-II/LC3B-I and mitochondrial-Bax/caspase3/9) signaling pathways also exhibited an opposite pattern of LVEF among the five groups (all p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Combined SS31-En therapy was superior to either one alone on protecting the heart structural and functional integrities against Dox-induced DCM damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Ning Yeh
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Pei-Hsun Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - John Y Chiang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jiunn-Jye Sheu
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ruei Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sarah Chua
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan; Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, Fujian, China.
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Heliste J, Jokilammi A, Vaparanta K, Paatero I, Elenius K. Combined genetic and chemical screens indicate protective potential for EGFR inhibition to cardiomyocytes under hypoxia. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16661. [PMID: 34404849 PMCID: PMC8371130 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96033-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The return of blood flow to ischemic heart after myocardial infarction causes ischemia-reperfusion injury. There is a clinical need for novel therapeutic targets to treat myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Here we screened for targets for the treatment of ischemia-reperfusion injury using a combination of shRNA and drug library analyses in HL-1 mouse cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation. The shRNA library included lentiviral constructs targeting 4625 genes and the drug library 689 chemical compounds approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Data were analyzed using protein-protein interaction and pathway analyses. EGFR inhibition was identified as a cardioprotective mechanism in both approaches. Inhibition of EGFR kinase activity with gefitinib improved cardiomyocyte viability in vitro. In addition, gefitinib preserved cardiac contractility in zebrafish embryos exposed to hypoxia-reoxygenation in vivo. These findings indicate that the EGFR inhibitor gefitinib is a potential candidate for further studies of repurposing the drug for the treatment of myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juho Heliste
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20014, Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Anne Jokilammi
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20014, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6B, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Katri Vaparanta
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20014, Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Programme of Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6B, 20520, Turku, Finland.,MediCity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland
| | - Ilkka Paatero
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6B, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Klaus Elenius
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Kiinamyllynkatu 10, 20014, Turku, Finland. .,Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Tykistökatu 6B, 20520, Turku, Finland. .,MediCity Research Laboratories, University of Turku, Tykistökatu 6A, 20520, Turku, Finland. .,Department of Oncology, Turku University Hospital, PO Box 52, 20521, Turku, Finland.
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Li K, Zhou P, Li S, Zheng S, Wang D. MicroRNA-29b reduces myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats via down-regulating PTEN and activating the Akt/eNOS signaling pathway. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2021; 53:123-135. [PMID: 34370169 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-021-02535-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Reperfusion may cause injuries to the myocardium in ischemia situation, which is called ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The study aimed to explore the roles of microRNA-29b (miR-29b) in myocardial I/R injury. Myocardial I/R injury rat model was established. Differentially expressed miRNAs between the model rats and the sham-operated rats were analyzed. miR-29b expression in myocardial tissues was measured. Gain-of-function of miR-29b was performed, and then the morphological changes, infarct size, myocardial function, oxidative stress, and the cell apoptosis in myocardial tissues were detected. The target relation between miR-29b and PTEN was detected through bio-information prediction and dual luciferase reporter gene assay. Activation of Akt/eNOS signaling was detected. H9C2 cells were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation treatment to perform in vitro experiments. I/R rats presented severe inflammatory infiltration, increased infarct size and cell apoptosis, increased oxidative stress and decreased myocardial function. miR-29b was downregulated in I/R rats, and up-regulation of miR-29b reversed the above changes. miR-29b directly bound to PTEN, and overexpression of miR-29b reduced PTEN expression level and increased the protein levels of p-Akt/Akt and p-eNOS/eNOS. In vivo results were confirmed in in vitro experiments. This study provided evidence that miR-29b could alleviate the myocardial I/R injury in vivo and in vitro by inhibiting PTEN expression and activating the Akt/eNOS signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunsheng Li
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 515000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiliang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoyi Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 515000, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu Province, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Li X, Liu S, Qu L, Chen Y, Yuan C, Qin A, Liang J, Huang Q, Jiang M, Zou W. Dioscin and diosgenin: Insights into their potential protective effects in cardiac diseases. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 274:114018. [PMID: 33716083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Dioscin and diosgenin derived from plants of the genus Dioscoreaceae such as D. nipponica and D. panthaica Prain et Burk. Were utilized as the main active ingredients of traditional herbal medicinal products for coronary heart disease in the former Soviet Union and China since 1960s. A growing number of research showed that dioscin and diosgenin have a wide range of pharmacological activities in heart diseases. AIM OF THE STUDY To summarize the evidence of the effectiveness of dioscin and diosgenin in cardiac diseases, and to provide a basis and reference for future research into their clinical applications and drug development in the field of cardiac disease. METHODS Literatures in this review were searched in PubMed, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and Web of Science. All eligible studies are analyzed and summarized in this review. RESULTS The pharmacological activities and therapeutic potentials of dioscin and diosgenin in cardiac diseases are similar, can effectively improve hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia, myocardial I/R injury and cardiotoxicity caused by doxorubicin. But the bioavailability of dioscin and diosgenin may be too low as a result of poor absorption and slow metabolism, which hinders their development and utilization. CONCLUSION Dioscin and diosgenin need further in-depth experimental research, clinical transformation and structural modification or research of new preparations before they can be expected to be developed into new therapeutic drugs in the field of cardiac disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofen Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Sili Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Liping Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Chuqiao Yuan
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Anquan Qin
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Jiyi Liang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Qianqian Huang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Miao Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Wenjun Zou
- College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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22
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The Role of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:5543452. [PMID: 34211627 PMCID: PMC8211512 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5543452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A healthy mitochondrial network produces a large amount of ATP and biosynthetic intermediates to provide sufficient energy for myocardium and maintain normal cell metabolism. Mitochondria form a dynamic and interconnected network involved in various cellular metabolic signaling pathways. As mitochondria are damaged, controlling mitochondrial quantity and quality is activated by changing their morphology and tube network structure, mitophagy, and biogenesis to replenish a healthy mitochondrial network to preserve cell function. There is no doubt that mitochondrial dysfunction has become a key factor in many diseases. Ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury is a pathological manifestation of various heart diseases. Cardiac ischemia causes temporary tissue and organelle damage. Although reperfusion is essential to compensate for nutrient deficiency, blood flow restoration inconsequently further kills the previously ischemic cardiomyocytes. To date, dysfunctional mitochondria and disturbed mitochondrial quality control have been identified as critical IR injury mechanisms. Many researchers have detected abnormal mitochondrial morphology and mitophagy, as well as aberrant levels and activity of mitochondrial biogenesis factors in the IR injury model. Although mitochondrial damage is well-known in myocardial IR injury, the causal relationship between abnormal mitochondrial quality control and IR injury has not been established. This review briefly describes the molecular mechanisms of mitochondrial quality control, summarizes our current understanding of the complex role of mitochondrial quality control in IR injury, and finally speculates on the possibility of targeted control of mitochondria and the methods available to mitigate IR injury.
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Sun X, Alford J, Qiu H. Structural and Functional Remodeling of Mitochondria in Cardiac Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084167. [PMID: 33920673 PMCID: PMC8072869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria undergo structural and functional remodeling to meet the cell demand in response to the intracellular and extracellular stimulations, playing an essential role in maintaining normal cellular function. Merging evidence demonstrated that dysregulation of mitochondrial remodeling is a fundamental driving force of complex human diseases, highlighting its crucial pathophysiological roles and therapeutic potential. In this review, we outlined the progress of the molecular basis of mitochondrial structural and functional remodeling and their regulatory network. In particular, we summarized the latest evidence of the fundamental association of impaired mitochondrial remodeling in developing diverse cardiac diseases and the underlying mechanisms. We also explored the therapeutic potential related to mitochondrial remodeling and future research direction. This updated information would improve our knowledge of mitochondrial biology and cardiac diseases’ pathogenesis, which would inspire new potential strategies for treating these diseases by targeting mitochondria remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hongyu Qiu
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +404-413-3371; Fax: +404-413-9566
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24
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Zhang L, Feng M, Wang X, Zhang H, Ding J, Cheng Z, Qian L. Peptide Szeto‑Schiller 31 ameliorates doxorubicin‑induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway. Int J Mol Med 2021; 47:63. [PMID: 33649779 PMCID: PMC7914074 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress serves a key role in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity. The peptide Szeto-Schiller (SS)31 is an efficacious antioxidant with the capacity to reduce mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and scavenge free radicals. Although SS31 is involved in the pathophysiological process of various cardiovascular diseases, the role of SS31 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity remains unclear. To explore the effects of SS31 in DOX-induced cardiotoxicity, the present study first constructed DOX-induced cardiotoxicity models, in which H9c2 cells were incubated with 1 μM DOX for 24 h and C57BL/6 mice were administered DOX (20 mg/kg cumulative dose). The results of various assays in these models demonstrated that SS31 exhibited a cardioprotective effect in vitro and in vivo by attenuating the level of ROS, stabilizing the mitochondrial membrane potential and ameliorating myocardial apoptosis as well as fibrosis following treatment with DOX. Mechanistically, the results of the present study revealed that the p38 MAPK signaling pathway was inhibited by SS31 in DOX-treated H9c2 cells, which was associated with the cardioprotective function of SS31. In addition, P79350, a selective agonist of p38 MAPK, reversed the protective effects of SS31. Taken together, these results demonstrated the effects of SS31 on ameliorating DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and indicated its potential as a drug for the treatment of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Mengwen Feng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210008, P.R. China
| | - Jingjing Ding
- Department of General Practice, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
| | - Zijie Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Lingmei Qian
- Department of Cardiology, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200336, P.R. China
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25
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Deng Y, Cai L, Wang F, Huang J, Wang H, Li L, Lv H. RETRACTED: Upregulated microRNA-381-5p strengthens the effect of dexmedetomidine preconditioning to protect against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in mouse models by inhibiting CHI3L1. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 92:107326. [PMID: 33461162 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (http://www.elsevier.com/locate/withdrawalpolicy). This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief. Concern was raised about the reliability of the Western blot results in Figs. 1F, 2F, 3F, 4F and 5F, which appear to have the same eyebrow shaped phenotype as many other publications tabulated here (https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/149EjFXVxpwkBXYJOnOHb6RhAqT4a2llhj9LM60MBffM/edit#gid=0 [docs.google.com]). The journal requested the corresponding author comment on these concerns and provide the raw data. However, the authors were not responsive to the request for comment. Since original data could not be provided, the overall validity of the results could not be confirmed. Therefore, the Editor-in-Chief decided to retract the article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi, China
| | - Liang Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi, China
| | - Jingyuan Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi, China
| | - Haili Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi, China
| | - Haigang Lv
- Department of Anesthesiology, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054 Shaanxi, China.
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26
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Bhatti JS, Tamarai K, Kandimalla R, Manczak M, Yin X, Ramasubramanian B, Sawant N, Pradeepkiran JA, Vijayan M, Kumar S, Reddy PH. Protective effects of a mitochondria-targeted small peptide SS31 against hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial abnormalities in the liver tissues of diabetic mice, Tallyho/JngJ mice. Mitochondrion 2021; 58:49-58. [PMID: 33639273 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has become a major public health issue associated with a high risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the molecular events that occur in the LOAD pathophysiology. The present study was planned to investigate the molecular alterations induced by hyperglycemia in the mitochondria of diabetic mice and further explore the possible ameliorative role of the mitochondria-targeted small peptide, SS31 in diabetic mice. For this purpose, we used a polygenic mouse model of type 2 diabetes, TALLYHO/JngJ (TH), and nondiabetic, SWR/J mice strains. The diabetic status in TH mice was confirmed at 8 weeks of age. The 24 weeks old experimental animals were segregated into three groups: Non-diabetic controls (SWR/J mice), diabetic (TH mice) and, SS31 treated diabetic TH mice. The mRNA and protein expression levels of mitochondrial proteins were investigated in all the study groups in the liver tissues using qPCR and immunoblot analysis. Also, the mitochondrial functions including H2O2 production, ATP generation, and lipid peroxidation were assessed in all the groups. Mitochondrial dysfunction was observed in TH mice as evident by significantly elevated H2O2 production, lipid peroxidation, and reduced ATP production. The mRNA expression and Western blot analysis of mitochondrial dynamics (Drp1 and Fis1 - fission; Mfn1, Mfn2, and Opa1 -fusion), and biogenesis (PGC-1α, Nrf1, Nrf2, and TFAM) genes were significantly altered in diabetic TH mice. Furthermore, SS31 treatment significantly reduced the mitochondrial abnormalities and restore mitochondrial functions in diabetic TH mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India; Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India; Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Kavya Tamarai
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana 506007, India; Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007, India
| | - Maria Manczak
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Xiangling Yin
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Bhagavathi Ramasubramanian
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Neha Sawant
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Murali Vijayan
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Cell Biology & Biochemistry Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Pharmacology & Neuroscience Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Neurology Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States; Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Departments, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX 79430, United States.
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27
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Wang J, Fan K, He C, Wang Q, Zhang Q, Huang W. A novel Danshensu/tetramethylpyrazine protects against Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in rats. Int J Med Sci 2021; 18:2716-2724. [PMID: 34104104 PMCID: PMC8176181 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.59411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new Danshensu/tetramethylpyrazine derivative (ADTM) with cardio-protection effects such as antioxidant, arterial relaxation, pro-angiogenesis and antiplatelet activities. Platelet activating factor receptor (PAFR) plays a key role in myocardial ischemia reperfusion (MIR) injury. This study aims to investigate the protective role of ADTM in MIR injury and clarify the potential role of PAFR. We measured the effects of ADTM on MIR injury in rats in vivo and hypoxia re-oxygenation (HR) injury in neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs) in vitro. The results show that ADTM can significantly improve the IR-induced decline in heart function as increasing EF and FS, and restore the decreased cardiac hemodynamic parameters (LVSP, ± dp/dt max) and increased the level of LVEDP, decrease the infarct size of damaged myocardium and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in serum. Additionally, ADTM inhibits cardiomyocytes apoptosis, caspase-3 activity, and inflammatory response as well as down-regulates the MIR-induced IL-1β and TNFα production. Next, PAFR expression was significantly down-regulated in cardiomyocytes of MIR model in vivo and in vitro after treated with ADTM compare to IR group. At the same time, ADTM and PAFR small interfering RNA (siRNA) could inhibit cardiomyocytes apoptosis and inflammation during HR, while PAF presents the opposite effect. Furthermore, the above effects of PAF in HR induced cardiomyocytes were reversed by co-treatment of ADTM. Our findings demonstrate for the first time that ADTM protects against MIR injury through inhibition of PAFR signaling, which provides a new treatment for MIR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghao Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Cong He
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Qingyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Qianhui Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China
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28
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Marin W, Marin D, Ao X, Liu Y. Mitochondria as a therapeutic target for cardiac ischemia‑reperfusion injury (Review). Int J Mol Med 2020; 47:485-499. [PMID: 33416090 PMCID: PMC7797474 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2020.4823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myocardial infarction is the leading cause of cardiovascular-related mortality and chronic heart failure worldwide. As regards treatment, the reperfusion of ischemic tissue generates irreversible damage to the myocardium, which is termed 'cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury'. Due to the large number of mitochondria in cardiomyocytes, an increasing number of studies have focused on the roles of mitochondria in IR injury. The primary causes of IR injury are reduced oxidative phosphorylation during hypoxia and the increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), together with the insufficient elimination of these oxidative species following reperfusion. IR injury includes the oxidation of DNA, incorrect modifications of proteins, the disruption of the mitochondrial membrane and respiratory chain, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (∆Ψm), Ca2+ over-load, mitochondrial permeability transition pore formation, swelling of the mitochondria, and ultimately, cardiomyocyte necrosis. The present review article discusses the molecular mechanisms of IR injury, and summarizes the metabolic and dynamic changes occurring in the mitochondria in response to IR stress. The mitochondria are strongly recommended as a target for the development of therapeutic agents; however, the appropriate use of agents remains a challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwen Marin
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Dennis Marin
- Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266061, P.R. China
| | - Xiang Ao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute for Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
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29
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Zhu M, Meng P, Ling X, Zhou L. Advancements in therapeutic drugs targeting of senescence. Ther Adv Chronic Dis 2020; 11:2040622320964125. [PMID: 33133476 PMCID: PMC7576933 DOI: 10.1177/2040622320964125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging leads to a high burden on society, both medically and economically. Cellular senescence plays an essential role in the initiation of aging and age-related diseases. Recent studies have highlighted the therapeutic value of senescent cell deletion in natural aging and many age-related disorders. However, the therapeutic strategies for manipulating cellular senescence are still at an early stage of development. Among these strategies, therapeutic drugs that target cellular senescence are arguably the most highly anticipated. Many recent studies have demonstrated that a variety of drugs exhibit healthy aging effects. In this review, we summarize different types of drugs promoting healthy aging – such as senolytics, senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) inhibitors, and nutrient signaling regulators – and provide an update on their potential therapeutic merits. Taken together, our review synthesizes recent advancements in the therapeutic potentialities of drugs promoting healthy aging with regard to their clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingsheng Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ping Meng
- Department of Nephrology, Huadu District People's Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xian Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lili Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, 1838 North Guangzhou Ave, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Peptidomics Analysis Reveals Peptide PDCryab1 Inhibits Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7182428. [PMID: 33110475 PMCID: PMC7582065 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7182428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is limited due to dose-dependent cardiotoxicity. Peptidomics is an emerging field of proteomics that has attracted much attention because it can be used to study the composition and content of endogenous peptides in various organisms. Endogenous peptides participate in various biological processes and are important sources of candidates for drug development. To explore peptide changes related to DOX-induced cardiotoxicity and to find peptides with cardioprotective function, we compared the expression profiles of peptides in the hearts of DOX-treated and control mice by mass spectrometry. The results showed that 236 differential peptides were identified upon DOX treatment, of which 22 were upregulated and 214 were downregulated. Next, we predicted that 31 peptides may have cardioprotective function by conducting bioinformatics analysis on the domains of each precursor protein, the predicted score of peptide biological activity, and the correlation of each peptide with cardiac events. Finally, we verified that a peptide (SPFYLRPPSF) from Cryab can inhibit cardiomyocyte apoptosis, reduce the production of reactive oxygen species, improve cardiac function, and ameliorate myocardial fibrosis in vitro and vivo. In conclusion, our results showed that the expression profiles of peptides in cardiac tissue change significantly upon DOX treatment and that these differentially expressed peptides have potential cardioprotective functions. Our study suggests a new direction for the treatment of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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31
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Rai Y, Anita, Kumari N, Singh S, Kalra N, Soni R, Bhatt AN. Mild mitochondrial uncoupling protects from ionizing radiation induced cell death by attenuating oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2020; 1862:148325. [PMID: 33065098 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2020.148325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) induced mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with enhanced radiation stimulated metabolic oxidative stress that interacts randomly with intracellular bio-macromolecules causing lethal cellular injury and cell death. Since mild mitochondrial uncoupling emerged as a valuable therapeutic approach by regulating oxidative stress in most prevalent human diseases including ageing, ischemic reperfusion injury, and neurodegeneration with comparable features of IR inflicted mitochondrial damage. Therefore, we explored whether mitochondrial uncoupling could also protect from IR induced cytotoxic insult. Our results showed that DNP, BHT, FCCP, and BAM15 are safe to cells at different concentrations range depending on their respective mitochondrial uncoupling potential. Pre-incubation of murine fibroblast (NIH/3T3) cells with the safe concentration of these uncouplers followed by gamma (γ)-radiation showed significant cell growth recovery, reduced ROS generation, and apoptosis, compared to IR treatment alone. We observed that DNP pre-treatment increased the surviving fraction of IR exposed HEK-293, Raw 264.7 and NIH/3T3 cells. Additionally, DNP pre-treatment followed by IR leads to reduced total and mitochondrial oxidative stress (mos), regulated calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis, and mitochondrial bioenergetics in NIH/3T3 cells. It also significantly reduced macromolecular oxidation, correlated with the regulated ROS generation and antioxidant defence system. Moreover, DNP facilitated DNA repair kinetics evidenced by reducing the number of γ-H2AX foci formation and fragmented nuclei with time. DNP pre-incubation restrained the radiation induced pro-apoptotic factors and inhibits apoptosis. Our findings raise the possibility that mild mitochondrial uncoupling with DNP could be a potential therapeutic approach for radiation induced cytotoxic insult associated with an altered mitochondrial function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yogesh Rai
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110 054, India
| | - Anita
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110 054, India
| | - Neeraj Kumari
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110 054, India
| | - Shashwat Singh
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110 054, India
| | - Namita Kalra
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110 054, India
| | - Ravi Soni
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110 054, India
| | - Anant Narayan Bhatt
- Division of Radiation Biosciences, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110 054, India.
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Bhatti JS, Thamarai K, Kandimalla R, Manczak M, Yin X, Kumar S, Vijayan M, Reddy PH. Mitochondria-Targeted Small Peptide, SS31 Ameliorates Diabetes Induced Mitochondrial Dynamics in Male TallyHO/JngJ Mice. Mol Neurobiol 2020; 58:795-808. [PMID: 33025510 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-020-02142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The escalating burden of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its related complications has become a major public health challenge worldwide. Substantial evidence indicates that T2D is one of the culprits for the high prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in diabetic subjects. This study aimed to investigate the possible mitochondrial alterations in the pancreas induced by hyperglycemia in diabetes. We used a diabetic TallyHO/JngJ (TH) and non-diabetic, SWR/J mice strains. The diabetic and non-diabetic status in animals was assessed by performing intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test at four time points, i.e., 4, 8, 16, and 24 weeks of age. We divided 24-week-old TH and SWR/J mice into 3 groups: controls, diabetic TH mice, and diabetic TH mice treated with SS31 peptide. After the treatment of male TH mice with SS31, intraperitoneally, for 4 weeks, we studied mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and function. The mRNA and protein expression levels of mitochondrial proteins were evaluated using qPCR and immunoblot analysis. The diabetic mice after 24 weeks of age showed overt pancreatic injury as demonstrated by disintegration and atrophy of β cells with vacuolization and reduced islet size. Mitochondrial dysfunction was observed in TH mice, as evidenced by significantly elevated H2O2 production, lipid peroxidation, and reduced ATP production. Furthermore, mRNA expression and immunoblot analysis of mitochondrial dynamics genes were significantly affected in diabetic mice, compared with controls. However, treatment of animals with SS31 reduced mitochondrial dysfunction and restored most of the mitochondrial functions and mitochondrial dynamics processes to near normal in TH mice. In conclusion, mitochondrial dysfunction is established as one of the molecular events that occur in the pathophysiology of T2D. Further, SS31 treatment may confer protection against the mitochondrial alterations induced by hyperglycemia in diabetic TallyHO/JngJ mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasvinder Singh Bhatti
- Department of Human Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, India.,Department of Biotechnology, Sri Guru Gobind Singh College, Chandigarh, India.,Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Kavya Thamarai
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Ramesh Kandimalla
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Kakatiya Medical College, Warangal, Telangana, 506007, India.,Applied Biology, CSIR-Indian Institute of Technology, Uppal Road, Tarnaka, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Maria Manczak
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Xiangling Yin
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Subodh Kumar
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street / 4B 207, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - Murali Vijayan
- Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street / 4B 207, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA
| | - P Hemachandra Reddy
- Garrison Institute on Aging, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA. .,Internal Medicine Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street / 4B 207, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA. .,Cell Biology & Biochemistry Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street / 4B 207, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA. .,Pharmacology & Neuroscience Department, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street / 4B 207, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA. .,Neurology and Public Health Departments, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street / 4B 207, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA. .,Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences Departments, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, 3601 4th Street / 4B 207, MS 9424, Lubbock, TX, 79430, USA.
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Li H, He Y, Zhang C, Ba T, Guo Z, Zhuo Y, He L, Dai H. NOX1 down-regulation attenuated the autophagy and oxidative damage in pig intestinal epithelial cell following transcriptome analysis of transport stress. Gene 2020; 763:145071. [PMID: 32827682 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.145071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The previous study indicated that transport stress resulted in oxidative damage and autophagy/mitophagy elevation, companied by NOX1 over- expression in the jejunal tissues of pigs. However, the transportation-related gene expression profile and NOX1 function in intestine remain to be explicated. In the current study, differentially expressed genes involved in PI3K-Akt and NF-κB pathways, oxidative stress and autophagy process have been identified in pig jejunal tissues after transcriptome analysis following transportation. The physiological functions of NOX1 down-regulation were explored against oxidative damage and excessive autophagy in porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-1) following NOX1 inhibitor ML171 and H2O2 treatments. NOX1 down-regulation could decrease the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, and up-regulate superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Furthermore, mitochondrial membrane potential and content were restored, and the expressions of tight junction proteins (Claudin-1 and ZO-1) were also increased. Additionally, NOX1 inhibitior could down-regulate the expression of autophagy-associated proteins (ATG5, LC3, p62), accompanied by activating SIRT1/PGC-1α pathway. NOX1 down-regulation might alleviate oxidative stress-induced mitochondria damage and intestinal mucosal injury via modulating excessive autophagy and SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway. The data will shed light on the molecular mechanism of NOX1 on intestine oxidative damage following pig transportation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huari Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yulong He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Tongtong Ba
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Zeheng Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Yisha Zhuo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Lihua He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Hanchuan Dai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1 Shizishan Street, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, China.
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Yip HK, Shao PL, Wallace CG, Sheu JJ, Sung PH, Lee MS. Early intramyocardial implantation of exogenous mitochondria effectively preserved left ventricular function in doxorubicin-induced dilated cardiomyopathy rat. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:4612-4627. [PMID: 32913535 PMCID: PMC7476136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that early implantation of mitochondria (Mito) into left myocardium could effectively protect heart against doxorubicin/12 mg/kg-induced dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in rat. Adult-male SD rats (n = 18) were equally categorized into group 1 (sham control), group 2 (DCM) and group 3 [DCM + Mito (500 μg/rat intramyocardial injection by day-21 after DCM induction)] and euthanized by day 60. In vitro studies showed that exogenously-transferred Mito was abundantly identified in H9C2 cells. The q-PCR showed significant increase in relative number of mitDNA in Mito-transferred H9C2 cells than in control group (P<0.001). The mRNA-gene and protein expressions of NRF1/NRF2/Tfam/PGC-1α/ERRα/Mfn2 were significantly increased in low-dose Mito-transferred and more significantly increased in high-dose Mito-transferred H29C2 cells than in control group (all P<0.01). Day-60 left-ventricular-ejection-fraction (LVEF) was significantly lower in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3, and significantly lower in group 3 than in group 1 (P<0.0001). The ratios of lung and heart weights to tibial length and myocardial histopathological findings of fibrotic area/myocardial injured score/γ-H2AX+ cells exhibited an opposite pattern to LVEF among the three groups (all P<0.0001). The myocardial protein expressions of oxidative-stress (NOX-1/NOX-2/oxidized protein/p22phox), autophagic (beclin-1/Atg-5/ratio of CL3B-II/CL3B-I), and apoptotic/mitochondrial-damaged (cleaved-caspase-3/mitochondrial Bax/cleaved-PARP/cytosolic-cytochrome-C/DRP1/cyclophilin D1) biomarkers exhibited an opposite pattern, whereas the protein expressions of mitochondrial integrity (mitochondrial-cytochrome-C/mitochondrial-complex I/II/III/IV and Mfn2/PGC-1) exhibited an identical pattern to LVEF among the groups (all P<0.001). In conclusion, early Mito therapy effectively preserved LVEF and myocardial integrity in DCM rat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Asia UniversityTaichung 41354, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityTaichung 40402, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiamen Chang Gung HospitalXiamen 361028, Fujian, China
| | - Pei-Lin Shao
- Department of Nursing, Asia UniversityTaichung 41354, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical UniversityTaichung 40402, Taiwan
| | | | - Jiunn-Jye Sheu
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial HospitalKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
| | - Mel S Lee
- Department of Orthopedics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of MedicineKaohsiung 83301, Taiwan
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Yu P, Ma S, Dai X, Cao F. Elabela alleviates myocardial ischemia reperfusion-induced apoptosis, fibrosis and mitochondrial dysfunction through PI3K/AKT signaling. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:4467-4477. [PMID: 32913520 PMCID: PMC7476165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common cardiovascular disease with high morbidity and mortality globally, which derives from acute myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease. Elabela has been proved to bind to apelin receptors in the heart. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Elabela in myocardial I/R injury and illustrating the potential mechanisms. In this study, the rat I/R model was established in vivo. Following treatment with Elabela, the histopathological changes of heart tissue were evaluated by the hematoxylin and eosin- or Masson's trichrome staining. Apoptosis of heart tissue was examined using TUNEL staining. The expression of type I or III collagen and apoptosis-associated proteins was measured using western blotting. Moreover, myocardial ultrastructure in myocardium was detected via electron microscopy analysis. H9c2 cells were treated with hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) to mimic the myocardial I/R injury in vitro. After treatment with Elabela or Elabela combined with LY294002, the levels of oxidative stress and apoptosis were examined. The results revealed that Elabela significantly improved the pathological changes of rat myocardial tissues induced by I/R. Additionally, Elabela treatment reduced cardiomyocyte I/R induced fibrosis and apoptosis as well as ameliorated mitochondrial dysfunction in animal and cells. Within inhibition of PI3K pathway, the protective effects of Elabela was reversed. Taken together, these findings demonstrated that Elabela could protect against fibrosis, apoptosis and oxidative stress via PI3K/ATK signaling pathway in cardiac ischemia reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, China
| | - Sicong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, China
| | - Xinchun Dai
- Department of Cardiology, Xijing Hospital, Air Force Medical UniversityXi’an 710032, China
| | - Feng Cao
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, 2nd Medical Center, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing 100853, China
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36
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Zhang YM, Zhang ZY, Wang RX. Protective Mechanisms of Quercetin Against Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury. Front Physiol 2020; 11:956. [PMID: 32848878 PMCID: PMC7412593 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin has attracted more attention in recent years due to its protective role against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Quercetin can alleviate oxidative stress injury through the inhibition of NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase, blockage of the Fenton reaction, and scavenging of reactive oxygen species. Quercetin can also exert anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects by reducing the response to inflammatory factors and inhibiting cell apoptosis. Moreover, it can induce vasodilation effects through the inhibition of endothelin-1 receptors, the enhancement of NO stimulation and the activation of the large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels. Finally, Quercetin can also antagonize the calcium overload. These multifaceted activities of Quercetin make it a potential therapeutic alternative for the treatment of ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zhen-Ye Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ru-Xing Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
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37
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Ko SF, Chen YL, Sung PH, Chiang JY, Chu YC, Huang CC, Huang CR, Yip HK. Hepatic 31 P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy identified the impact of melatonin-pretreated mitochondria in acute liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:10088-10099. [PMID: 32691975 PMCID: PMC7520314 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute liver ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), commonly encountered during liver resection and transplantation surgery, is strongly associated with unfavourable clinical outcome. However, a prompt and accurate diagnosis and the treatment of this entity remain formidable challenges. This study tested the hypothesis that 31 P-magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31 P-MRS) findings could provide reliable living images to accurately identify the degree of acute liver IRI and melatonin-pretreated mitochondria was an innovative treatment for protecting the liver from IRI in rat. Adult male SD rats were categorized into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (IRI only) and group 3 (IRI + melatonin [ie mitochondrial donor rat received intraperitoneal administration of melatonin] pretreated mitochondria [10 mg/per rat by portal vein]). By the end of study period at 72 hours, 31 P-MRS showed that, as compared with group 1, the hepatic levels of ATP and NADH were significantly lower in group 2 than in groups 1 and 3, and significantly lower in group 3 than in group 1. The liver protein expressions of mitochondrial-electron-transport-chain complexes and mitochondrial integrity exhibited an identical pattern to 31 P-MRS finding. The protein expressions of oxidative stress, inflammatory, cellular stress signalling and mitochondrial-damaged biomarkers displayed an opposite finding of 31 P-MRS, whereas the protein expressions of antioxidants were significantly progressively increased from groups 1 to 3. Microscopic findings showed that the fibrotic area/liver injury score and inflammatory and DNA-damaged biomarkers exhibited an identical pattern of cellular stress signalling. Melatonin-pretreated mitochondria effectively protected liver against IRI and 31 P-MRS was a reliable tool for measuring the mitochondrial/ATP consumption in living animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheung-Fat Ko
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hsun Sung
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - John Y Chiang
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Healthcare Administration and Medical Informatics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ching Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Cheng Huang
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ruei Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
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38
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Huang TH, Yip HK, Sun CK, Chen YL, Yang CC, Lee FY. P-cresyl sulfate causes mitochondrial hyperfusion in H9C2 cardiomyoblasts. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:8379-8390. [PMID: 32639656 PMCID: PMC7412408 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased circulating level of uraemic solute p‐cresyl sulphate (PCS) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is known to increase myocardial burden relevant to mitochondrial abnormalities. This study aimed at investigating mitochondrial response to PCS in H9C2 cardiomyoblasts. H9C2 cardiomyoblasts were treated with four different concentrations of PCS (3.125, 6.25, 12.5 and 25.0 µg/mL) to study the changes in cell proliferation, cell size and mitochondrial parameters including morphology, respiration, biogenesis and membrane potential. The lowest effective dose of PCS (6.25 µg/mL) induced mitochondrial hyperfusion with enhanced mitochondrial connectivity, mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates, mitochondrial mass, mitochondrial DNA copy number and increased volume of cardiomyoblasts. After PCS treatment, phosphorylation of energy‐sensing adenosine monophosphate‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) was increased without induction of apoptosis. In contrast, mitochondrial mass was recovered after AMPK silencing. Additionally, mitochondrial hyperfusion and cell volume were reversed after cessation of PCS treatment. The results of the present study showed that low‐level PCS not only caused AMPK‐dependent mitochondrial hyperfusion but also induced cell enlargement in H9C2 cardiomyoblasts in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tien-Hung Huang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Kan Yip
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Nursing, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University School of Medicine for International Students, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ling Chen
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Chao Yang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Yen Lee
- Institute for Translational Research in Biomedicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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39
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Tomczyk MM, Dolinsky VW. The Cardiac Lipidome in Models of Cardiovascular Disease. Metabolites 2020; 10:E254. [PMID: 32560541 PMCID: PMC7344916 DOI: 10.3390/metabo10060254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. There are numerous factors involved in the development of CVD. Among these, lipids have an important role in maintaining the myocardial cell structure as well as cardiac function. Fatty acids (FA) are utilized for energy, but also contribute to the pathogenesis of CVD and heart failure. Advances in mass spectrometry methods have enabled the comprehensive analysis of a plethora of lipid species from a single sample comprised of a heterogeneous population of lipid molecules. Determining cardiac lipid alterations in different models of CVD identifies novel biomarkers as well as reveals molecular mechanisms that underlie disease development and progression. This information could inform the development of novel therapeutics in the treatment of CVD. Herein, we provide a review of recent studies of cardiac lipid profiles in myocardial infarction, obesity, and diabetic and dilated cardiomyopathy models of CVD by methods of mass spectrometry analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz M. Tomczyk
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Vernon W. Dolinsky
- Diabetes Research Envisioned and Accomplished in Manitoba (DREAM) Theme of the Children’s Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, 715 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3P4, Canada;
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0T6, Canada
- Rady Faculty of Health Science, College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Supinski GS, Wang L, Schroder EA, Callahan LAP. SS31, a mitochondrially targeted antioxidant, prevents sepsis-induced reductions in diaphragm strength and endurance. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2020; 128:463-472. [PMID: 31944887 PMCID: PMC7099438 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00240.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction contributes to respiratory failure and mortality in critical illness. There are no treatments for this form of diaphragm weakness. Studies show that sepsis-induced muscle dysfunction is triggered by enhanced mitochondrial free radical generation. We tested the hypothesis that SS31, a mitochondrially targeted antioxidant, would attenuate sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction. Four groups of mice were studied: 1) sham-operated controls, 2) sham-operated+SS31 (10 mg·kg-1·day-1), 3) cecal ligation puncture (CLP), and 4) CLP+SS31. Forty-eight hours postoperatively, diaphragm strips with attached phrenic nerves were isolated, and the following were assessed: muscle-field-stimulated force-frequency curves, nerve-stimulated force-frequency curves, and muscle fatigue. We also measured calpain activity, 20S proteasomal activity, myosin heavy chain (MHC) levels, mitochondrial function, and aconitase activity, an index of mitochondrial superoxide generation. Sepsis markedly reduced diaphragm force generation; SS31 prevented these decrements. Diaphragm-specific force generation averaged 30.2 ± 1.4, 9.4 ± 1.8, 25.5 ± 2.3, and 27.9 ± 0.6 N/cm2 for sham, CLP, sham+SS31, and CLP+SS31 groups (P < 0.001). Similarly, with phrenic nerve stimulation, CLP depressed diaphragm force generation, effects prevented by SS31. During endurance trials, force was significantly reduced with CLP, and SS31 prevented these reductions (P < 0.001). Sepsis also increased diaphragm calpain activity, increased 20S proteasomal activity, decreased MHC levels, reduced mitochondrial function (state 3 rates and ATP generation), and reduced aconitase activity; SS31 prevented each of these sepsis-induced alterations (P ≤ 0.017 for all indices). SS31 prevents sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction, preserving force generation, endurance, and mitochondrial function. Compounds with similar mechanisms of action may be useful therapeutically to preserve diaphragm function in patients who are septic and critically ill.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Sepsis-induced diaphragm dysfunction is a major contributor to mortality and morbidity in patients with critical illness in intensive care units. Currently, there is no proven pharmacological treatment for this problem. This study provides the novel finding that administration of SS31, a mitochondrially targeted antioxidant, preserves diaphragm myosin heavy chain content and mitochondrial function, thereby preventing diaphragm weakness and fatigue in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald S Supinski
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Lin Wang
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Elizabeth A Schroder
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
| | - Leigh Ann P Callahan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky
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Multifunctional radical quenchers as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of mitochondrial dysfunction. Future Med Chem 2019; 11:1605-1624. [DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2018-0481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with a wide range of human diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases, and is believed to cause or contribute to the etiology of these diseases. These disorders are frequently associated with increased levels of reactive oxygen species. One of the design strategies for therapeutic intervention involves the development of novel small molecules containing redox cores, which can scavenge reactive oxygen radicals and selectively block oxidative damage to the mitochondria. Presently, we describe recent research dealing with multifunctional radical quenchers as antioxidants able to scavenge reactive oxygen radicals. The review encompasses ubiquinone and tocopherol analogs, as well as novel pyri(mi)dinol derivatives, and their ability to function as protective agents in cellular models of mitochondrial diseases.
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Mitochondria-Targeted Peptide SS31 Attenuates Renal Tubulointerstitial Injury via Inhibiting Mitochondrial Fission in Diabetic Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2346580. [PMID: 31281569 PMCID: PMC6589270 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2346580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective Renal tubular injury is an early characteristic of diabetic nephropathy (DN) that is related to mitochondrial dysfunction. In this study, we explore the effects and mechanisms of mitochondria-targeted peptide SS31 on renal tubulointerstitial injury in DN. Method 40 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group, STZ group, STZ+SS31 group, and STZ+normal saline group. SS31 was intraperitoneally injected to the mice every other day for 24 weeks. Renal lesions and the expression of Drp1, Mfn1, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase1, IL-1β, and FN were detected. In in vitro studies, HK-2 cells were incubated with different concentrations of D-glucose (5, 30 mM) or combined with SS31 and Drp1 inhibitor Midivi1. Mitochondrial ROS, membrane potential, and morphology have been detected to evaluate the mitochondrial function. Results Compared with diabetic mice, the levels of serum creatinine and microalbuminuria were significantly decreased in the SS31 group. Renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis, oxidative stress, and apoptosis were observed in diabetic mice, while the pathological changes were reduced in the SS31-treatment group. SS31 could decrease the expression of Drp1, Bax, Caspase1, IL-1β, and FN in the renal tissue of diabetic mice, while increasing the expression of Mfn1. Additionally, mitochondria exhibit focal enlargement and crista swelling in renal tubular cells of diabetic mice, while SS31 treatment could partially block these changes. An in vitro study showed that pretreatment with SS31 or Drp1 inhibitor Mdivi1 could restore the level of mitochondrial ROS, the membrane potential levels, and the expressions of Drp1, Bax, Caspase1, IL-1β, and FN in HK-2 cells under high-glucose conditions. Conclusion SS31 protected renal tubulointerstitial injury in diabetic mice through a decrease in mitochondrial fragmentation via suppressing the expression of Drp1 and increasing the expression of Mfn1.
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