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Lu D, Xu B, Yu Q, Liu Z, Ren M, Wang Y, Zhang S, Wu C, Shen Y. Identification of potential light deficiency response regulators in endangered species Magnolia sinostellata. Sci Rep 2022; 12:22536. [PMID: 36581613 PMCID: PMC9800573 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25393-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnolia sinostellata is one of the endangered species in China and largely suffers light deficiency stress in the understory of forest. However, the weak light response molecular mechanism remains unclear. More importantly, hub genes in the molecular network have not been pinpointed. To explore potential regulators in the mechanism, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to analysis the trancriptome data of M. sinostellata leaves subjected to weak light with different time points. Gene co-expression analysis illustrated that module 1, 2 and 3 were closely associated with light deficiency treatment, which. Gene ontology and KEGG analyses showed that genes in module 1 mainly participated in amino and nucleotide metabolism, module 2 mostly involved in carbon fixation and module 3 mostly regulated photosynthesis related pathways, among which 6, 7 and 8 hub genes were identified, respectively. Hub genes isoform_107196 in module 1 and isoform_55976 in module 2 were unique to M. sinostellata. This study found that light deficiency inhibited photosynthesis and stress tolerance, while improved carbon metabolism and flowering related pathways in M. sinostellata, which can impact its accumulation reserves of growth and reproduction in the next season. In addition, key shade response regulators identified in this study have laid a firm foundation for further investigation of shade response molecular mechanism and protection of other shade sensitive plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danying Lu
- grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang China
| | - Bin Xu
- grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang China
| | - Qin Yu
- grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang China
| | - Zhigao Liu
- grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang China
| | - Mingjie Ren
- grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Xi’an Botanical Garden of Shanxi Academy of Science, Xi’an , 710061 Shanxi China
| | - Shouzhou Zhang
- grid.464438.9Fairy Lake Botanical Garden, Shenzhen, 518004 Guangdong China
| | - Chao Wu
- grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang China
| | - Yamei Shen
- grid.443483.c0000 0000 9152 7385College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300 Zhejiang China
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Luo J, Abid M, Tu J, Gao P, Wang Z, Huang H. Genome-Wide Identification of the LHC Gene Family in Kiwifruit and Regulatory Role of AcLhcb3.1/3.2 for Chlorophyll a Content. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126528. [PMID: 35742967 PMCID: PMC9224368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding (LHC) protein is a superfamily that plays a vital role in photosynthesis. However, the reported knowledge of LHCs in kiwifruit is inadequate and poorly understood. In this study, we identified 42 and 45 LHC genes in Actinidia chinensis (Ac) and A. eriantha (Ae) genomes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the kiwifruit LHCs of both species were grouped into four subfamilies (Lhc, Lil, PsbS, and FCII). Expression profiles and qRT-PCR results revealed expression levels of LHC genes closely related to the light, temperature fluctuations, color changes during fruit ripening, and kiwifruit responses to Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae (Psa). Subcellular localization analysis showed that AcLhcb1.5/3.1/3.2 were localized in the chloroplast while transient overexpression of AcLhcb3.1/3.2 in tobacco leaves confirmed a significantly increased content of chlorophyll a. Our findings provide evidence of the characters and evolution patterns of kiwifruit LHCs genes in kiwifruit and verify the AcLhcb3.1/3.2 genes controlling the chlorophyll a content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Luo
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (J.L.); (J.T.)
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China; (M.A.); (P.G.)
| | - Muhammad Abid
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China; (M.A.); (P.G.)
| | - Jing Tu
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (J.L.); (J.T.)
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China; (M.A.); (P.G.)
| | - Puxing Gao
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China; (M.A.); (P.G.)
| | - Zupeng Wang
- Engineering Laboratory for Kiwifruit Industrial Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (H.H.)
| | - Hongwen Huang
- College of Life Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031, China; (J.L.); (J.T.)
- Lushan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Jiujiang 332900, China; (M.A.); (P.G.)
- Correspondence: (Z.W.); (H.H.)
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Kabir AH, Das U, Rahman MA, Lee KW. Silicon induces metallochaperone-driven cadmium binding to the cell wall and restores redox status through elevated glutathione in Cd-stressed sugar beet. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 173:352-368. [PMID: 33848008 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is toxic; however, whether silicon (Si) alleviates Cd toxicity was never studied in sugar beet. The study was conducted on 2-week-old sugar beet cultivated in the presence or absence of Cd (10 μM CdSO4 ) and Si (1 mM Na2 SiO3 ) in hydroponic conditions. The morphological impairment and cellular damages observed in sugar beet upon Cd toxicity were entirely reversed due to Si. Si substantially restored the energy-providing ability, absorbed energy flux, and electron transport toward PSII, which might be correlated with the upregulation of BvIRT1 and ferric chelate reductase activity leading to the restoration of Fe status in Cd-stressed sugar beet. Although Si caused a reduction of shoot Cd, the root Cd substantially increased under Cd stress, a significant part of which was retained in the cell wall rather than in the root vacuole. While the concentration of phytochelatin and the expression of BvPCS3 (PHYTOCHELATIN SYNTHASE 3) showed no changes upon Si exposure, Si induced the expression of BvHIPP32 (HEAVY METAL-ASSOCIATED ISOPRENYLATED PLANT PROTEIN 32) in the Cd-exposed root. The BvHIPP32 and AtHIPP32 metallochaperone proteins are localized in the cell wall and they share similar sequence alignment, physiochemical properties, secondary structure, cellular localization, motif locations, domain association, and metal-binding site (cd00371) linked to the metallochaperone-like protein. It suggests that Si reduces the Cd level in shoot by retaining the excess Cd in the cell wall of roots due to the induction of BvHIPP32 gene. Also, Si stimulates glutathione-related antioxidants along with the BvGST23 expression, inferring an ascorbate-glutathione ROS detoxification pathway in Cd-exposed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Humayan Kabir
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Urmi Das
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Ki-Won Lee
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, South Korea
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Acevedo-Siaca LG, Coe R, Quick WP, Long SP. Variation between rice accessions in photosynthetic induction in flag leaves and underlying mechanisms. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1282-1294. [PMID: 33159790 PMCID: PMC7904153 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Several breeding initiatives have sought to improve flag leaf performance as its health and physiology are closely correlated to rice yield. Previous studies have described natural variation of photosynthesis for flag leaves; however, none has examined their performance under the non-steady-state conditions that prevail in crop fields. Photosynthetic induction is the transient response of photosynthesis to a change from low to high light. Rice flag leaf photosynthesis was measured in both steady- and non-steady-state conditions to characterize natural variation. Between the lowest and highest performing accession, there was a 152% difference for average CO2 assimilation during induction (Ā300), a 77% difference for average intrinsic water use efficiency during induction (iWUEavg), and a 185% difference for the speed of induction (IT50), indicating plentiful variation. No significant correlation was found between steady- and non-steady-state photosynthetic traits. Additionally, measures of neither steady-state nor non-steady-state photosynthesis of flag leaves correlated with the same measures of leaves in the vegetative growth stage, with the exception of iWUEavg. Photosynthetic induction was measured at six [CO2], to determine biochemical and diffusive limitations to photosynthesis in vivo. Photosynthetic induction in rice flag leaves was limited primarily by biochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana G Acevedo-Siaca
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Robert Coe
- High Resolution Plant Phenomics Centre, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Plant Industry, Canberra, Australia
| | - W Paul Quick
- C4 Rice Center, International Rice Research Institute, Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen P Long
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK
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Tovar JC, Quillatupa C, Callen ST, Castillo SE, Pearson P, Shamin A, Schuhl H, Fahlgren N, Gehan MA. Heating quinoa shoots results in yield loss by inhibiting fruit production and delaying maturity. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 102:1058-1073. [PMID: 31971639 PMCID: PMC7318176 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing global temperatures and a growing world population create the need to develop crop varieties that provide higher yields in warmer climates. There is growing interest in expanding quinoa cultivation, because of the ability of quinoa to produce nutritious grain in poor soils, with little water and at high salinity. The main limitation to expanding quinoa cultivation, however, is the susceptibility of quinoa to temperatures above approximately 32°C. This study investigates the phenotypes, genes and mechanisms that may affect quinoa seed yield at high temperatures. Using a differential heating system where only roots or only shoots were heated, quinoa yield losses were attributed to shoot heating. Plants with heated shoots lost 60-85% yield as compared with control plants. Yield losses were the result of lower fruit production, which lowered the number of seeds produced per plant. Furthermore, plants with heated shoots had delayed maturity and greater non-reproductive shoot biomass, whereas plants with both heated roots and heated shoots produced higher yields from the panicles that had escaped the heat, compared with the control. This suggests that quinoa uses a type of avoidance strategy to survive heat. Gene expression analysis identified transcription factors differentially expressed in plants with heated shoots and low yield that had been previously associated with flower development and flower opening. Interestingly, in plants with heated shoots, flowers stayed closed during the day while the control flowers were open. Although a closed flower may protect the floral structures, this could also cause yield losses by limiting pollen dispersal, which is necessary to produce fruit in the mostly female flowers of quinoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C. Tovar
- Donald Danforth Plant Science CenterSt. LouisMO63132USA
| | | | - Steven T. Callen
- Donald Danforth Plant Science CenterSt. LouisMO63132USA
- Bayer US – Crop ScienceSt. LouisMO63141USA
| | | | - Paige Pearson
- Donald Danforth Plant Science CenterSt. LouisMO63132USA
- Bayer US – Crop ScienceSt. LouisMO63141USA
| | | | - Haley Schuhl
- Donald Danforth Plant Science CenterSt. LouisMO63132USA
| | - Noah Fahlgren
- Donald Danforth Plant Science CenterSt. LouisMO63132USA
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