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Zhao S, Hulsurkar MM, Lahiri SK, Aguilar-Sanchez Y, Munivez E, Müller FU, Jain A, Malovannaya A, Yiu CHK, Reilly S, Wehrens XHT. Atrial proteomic profiling reveals a switch towards profibrotic gene expression program in CREM-IbΔC-X mice with persistent atrial fibrillation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2024; 190:1-12. [PMID: 38514002 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overexpression of the CREM (cAMP response element-binding modulator) isoform CREM-IbΔC-X in transgenic mice (CREM-Tg) causes the age-dependent development of spontaneous AF. PURPOSE To identify key proteome signatures and biological processes accompanying the development of persistent AF through integrated proteomics and bioinformatics analysis. METHODS Atrial tissue samples from three CREM-Tg mice and three wild-type littermates were subjected to unbiased mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics, differential expression and pathway enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. RESULTS A total of 98 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Gene ontology analysis revealed enrichment for biological processes regulating actin cytoskeleton organization and extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics. Changes in ITGAV, FBLN5, and LCP1 were identified as being relevant to atrial fibrosis and structural based on expression changes, co-expression patterns, and PPI network analysis. Comparative analysis with previously published datasets revealed a shift in protein expression patterns from ion-channel and metabolic regulators in young CREM-Tg mice to profibrotic remodeling factors in older CREM-Tg mice. Furthermore, older CREM-Tg mice exhibited protein expression patterns reminiscent of those seen in humans with persistent AF. CONCLUSIONS This study uncovered distinct temporal changes in atrial protein expression patterns with age in CREM-Tg mice consistent with the progressive evolution of AF. Future studies into the role of the key differentially abundant proteins identified in this study in AF progression may open new therapeutic avenues to control atrial fibrosis and substrate development in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mohit M Hulsurkar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Satadru K Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuriana Aguilar-Sanchez
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elda Munivez
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Frank Ulrich Müller
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Antrix Jain
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chi Him Kendrick Yiu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, NIHR Oxford BRC, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Svetlana Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, NIHR Oxford BRC, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Xander H T Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Medicine (in Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Pediatrics (in Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA.
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Cerchiara AG, Imbrici P, Quarta R, Cristiano E, Boccanegra B, Caputo E, Wells DJ, Cappellari O, De Luca A. Ion channels as biomarkers of altered myogenesis in myofiber precursors of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2024; 1534:130-144. [PMID: 38517756 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Myogenesis is essential for skeletal muscle formation, growth, and regeneration and can be altered in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), an X-linked disorder due to the absence of the cytoskeletal protein dystrophin. Ion channels play a pivotal role in muscle differentiation and interact with the dystrophin complex. To investigate ion channel involvement in myogenesis in dystrophic settings, we performed electrophysiological characterization of two immortalized mouse cell lines, wild-type (WT) H2K-2B4 and the dystrophic (DYS) H2K-SF1, and measured gene expression of differentiation markers and ion channels. Inward and outward currents/density increased as differentiation progressed in both WT and DYS cells. However, day-11 DYS cells showed higher (27%) inward current density with an increased expression ratio of Scn5a/Scn4a and decreased (48%) barium-sensitive outward current compared to WT. Furthermore, day-11 DYS cells showed more positive resting membrane potential (+10 mV) and lower membrane capacitance (50%) compared to WT. DYS cells also had reduced Myog and Myf5 expression at days 6 and 11. Overall, ion channel profile and myogenesis appeared altered in DYS cells. These results are a first step in validating ion channels as potential drug targets to ameliorate muscle degeneration in DMD settings and as differentiation biomarkers in innovative platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paola Imbrici
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Raffaella Quarta
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Enrica Cristiano
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Brigida Boccanegra
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Erika Caputo
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Dominic J Wells
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, UK
| | - Ornella Cappellari
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Annamaria De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy - Drug Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
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Zhao S, Hulsurkar MM, Lahiri SK, Aguilar-Sanchez Y, Munivez E, Müller FU, Jain A, Malovannaya A, Yiu K, Reilly S, Wehrens XH. Atrial Proteomic Profiling Reveals a Switch Towards Profibrotic Gene Expression Program in CREM-IbΔC-X Mice with Persistent Atrial Fibrillation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.01.10.575097. [PMID: 38260363 PMCID: PMC10802622 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.10.575097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Background Overexpression of the CREM (cAMP response element-binding modulator) isoform CREM-IbΔC-X in transgenic mice (CREM-Tg) causes the age-dependent development of spontaneous AF. Purpose To identify key proteome signatures and biological processes accompanying the development of persistent AF through integrated proteomics and bioinformatics analysis. Methods Atrial tissue samples from three CREM-Tg mice and three wild-type littermates were subjected to unbiased mass spectrometry-based quantitative proteomics, differential expression and pathway enrichment analysis, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis. Results A total of 98 differentially expressed proteins were identified. Gene ontology analysis revealed enrichment for biological processes regulating actin cytoskeleton organization and extracellular matrix (ECM) dynamics. Changes in ITGAV, FBLN5, and LCP1 were identified as being relevant to atrial fibrosis and remodeling based on expression changes, co-expression patterns, and PPI network analysis. Comparative analysis with previously published datasets revealed a shift in protein expression patterns from ion-channel and metabolic regulators in young CREM-Tg mice to profibrotic remodeling factors in older CREM-Tg mice. Furthermore, older CREM-Tg mice exhibited protein expression patterns that resembled those of humans with persistent AF. Conclusions This study uncovered distinct temporal changes in atrial protein expression patterns with age in CREM-Tg mice consistent with the progressive evolution of AF. Future studies into the role of the key differentially abundant proteins identified in this study in AF progression may open new therapeutic avenues to control atrial fibrosis and substrate development in AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhao
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Mohit M. Hulsurkar
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Satadru K. Lahiri
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Yuriana Aguilar-Sanchez
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Elda Munivez
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Frank Ulrich Müller
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Antrix Jain
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anna Malovannaya
- Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Kendrick Yiu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, NIHR Oxford BRC, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Svetlana Reilly
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, NIHR Oxford BRC, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Xander H.T. Wehrens
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Integrative Physiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medicine (in Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (in Cardiology), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Center for Space Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
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Marcadet L, Juracic ES, Khan N, Bouredji Z, Yagita H, Ward LM, Tupling AR, Argaw A, Frenette J. RANKL Inhibition Reduces Cardiac Hypertrophy in mdx Mice and Possibly in Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Cells 2023; 12:1538. [PMID: 37296659 PMCID: PMC10253225 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy has become one of the leading causes of death in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). We recently reported that the inhibition of the interaction between the receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and receptor activator of nuclear factor κB (RANK) significantly improves muscle and bone functions in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. RANKL and RANK are also expressed in cardiac muscle. Here, we investigate whether anti-RANKL treatment prevents cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in dystrophic mdx mice. Anti-RANKL treatment significantly reduced LV hypertrophy and heart mass, and maintained cardiac function in mdx mice. Anti-RANKL treatment also inhibited NFκB and PI3K, two mediators implicated in cardiac hypertrophy. Furthermore, anti-RANKL treatment increased SERCA activity and the expression of RyR, FKBP12, and SERCA2a, leading possibly to an improved Ca2+ homeostasis in dystrophic hearts. Interestingly, preliminary post hoc analyses suggest that denosumab, a human anti-RANKL, reduced left ventricular hypertrophy in two patients with DMD. Taken together, our results indicate that anti-RANKL treatment prevents the worsening of cardiac hypertrophy in mdx mice and could potentially maintain cardiac function in teenage or adult patients with DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laetitia Marcadet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (L.M.); (Z.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Emma Sara Juracic
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (E.S.J.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Nasrin Khan
- The Ottawa Pediatric Bone Health Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; (N.K.); (L.M.W.)
| | - Zineb Bouredji
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (L.M.); (Z.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Hideo Yagita
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan;
| | - Leanne M. Ward
- The Ottawa Pediatric Bone Health Research Group, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada; (N.K.); (L.M.W.)
- The Department of Pediatrics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
| | - A. Russell Tupling
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (E.S.J.); (A.R.T.)
| | - Anteneh Argaw
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (L.M.); (Z.B.); (A.A.)
| | - Jérôme Frenette
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec, Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l’Université Laval (CHUQ-CHUL), Axe Neurosciences, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; (L.M.); (Z.B.); (A.A.)
- Department of Rehabilitation, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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Sun G, Su W, Bao J, Teng T, Song X, Wang J, Shi B. Dietary full-fat rice bran prevents the risk of heart ferroptosis and imbalance of energy metabolism induced by prolonged cold stimulation. Food Funct 2023; 14:1530-1544. [PMID: 36655680 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03673h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The threat to human health from cold stimulation is increasing due to the frequent occurrence of temperature extremes. It is a challenge for people to resist the negative effects of prolonged cold stimulation on the heart. In this study, we created prolonged cold stimulation pig models to investigate the cardiac energy metabolism and injury during prolonged cold stimulation, and the molecular mechanisms by which dietary supplementation with full-fat rice bran reduces cardiac injury. The results showed that lesions in the morphological structure of the heart were detected under prolonged cold stimulation. At the same time, dystrophin was downregulated under the effect of prolonged cold stimulation. Cardiac fatty acid transport and utilization were promoted, and oxidative stress was increased under prolonged cold stimulation. It also increased MDA content and decreased T-AOC level in the heart, while promoting the mRNA expression of Nrf2 and NQO1, as well as the protein content of Nrf2 and HO-1. Prolonged cold stimulation induced mitochondrial lesions, mitochondrial fusion, and mitophagy in the heart. Prolonged cold stimulation promoted the mRNA expression of PTGS2, TLR4, MyD88, NLRP3, and IL-1β; and protein expression of PTGS2, NLRP3, and mature-IL-1β. GCH1 and FtH inhibited by prolonged cold stimulation caused the activation of heart ferroptosis. In addition, dietary supplementation with full-fat rice bran improved oxidative stress in the heart and inhibited mitophagy, ferroptosis, and pyroptosis. In conclusion, prolonged cold stimulation heightens the risk of cardiac ferroptosis and imbalance of energy metabolism, whereas dietary supplementation with full-fat rice bran mitigates the adverse effects of prolonged cold stimulation on the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Sun
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Wei Su
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Jiaxin Bao
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Teng Teng
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Xin Song
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Jiawei Wang
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Baoming Shi
- School of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Zhang R, Liu J, Xue G, Yang J, Li D, Tian T, Zhang X, Gao K, Pan Z. Forced activation of dystrophin transcription by CRISPR/dCas9 reduced arrhythmia susceptibility via restoring membrane Nav1.5 distribution. Gene Ther 2023; 30:142-149. [PMID: 35644811 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-022-00348-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Dystrophin deficiency due to genetic mutations causes cardiac abnormalities in Duchenne's muscular dystrophy. Dystrophin is also shown to be downregulated in conventional failing hearts. Whether restoration of dystrophin expression possesses any therapeutic potential for conventional heart failure (HF) remains to be examined. HF mouse model was generated by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). In vivo activation of dystrophin transcription was achieved by tail-vein injection of adeno-associated virus 9 carrying CRISPR/dCas system for dystrophin. We found that activation of dystrophin expression in TAC mice significantly reduced the susceptibility to arrhythmia of TAC mice and the mortality rate. We further demonstrated that over-expression of dystrophin increased cardiac conduction of hearts in TAC mice by optical mapping evaluation. Activation of dystrophin expression also increased peak sodium current in isolated ventricular myocytes from hearts of TAC mice as recorded by the patch-clamp technique. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescence showed that increased dystrophin transcription restored the membrane distribution of Nav1.5 in the hearts of TAC mice. In summary, correction of dystrophin downregulation by the CRISPR-dCas9 system reduced the susceptibility to arrhythmia of conventional HF mice through restoring Nav1.5 membrane distribution. This study paved the way to develop a new therapeutic strategy for HF-related ventricular arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Junwu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Genlong Xue
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China.,Institute of Heart and Vascular Diseases, Department of Cardiology, and Central Laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jiming Yang
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Desheng Li
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Tao Tian
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Kangyi Gao
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China
| | - Zhenwei Pan
- Department of Pharmacology (The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education) at College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086, China. .,Research Unit of Noninfectious Chronic Diseases in Frigid Zone, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 2019RU070, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Cell Transplantation, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.
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Ion Channels of the Sarcolemma and Intracellular Organelles in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Role in the Dysregulation of Ion Homeostasis and a Possible Target for Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032229. [PMID: 36768550 PMCID: PMC9917149 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is caused by the absence of the dystrophin protein and a properly functioning dystrophin-associated protein complex (DAPC) in muscle cells. DAPC components act as molecular scaffolds coordinating the assembly of various signaling molecules including ion channels. DMD shows a significant change in the functioning of the ion channels of the sarcolemma and intracellular organelles and, above all, the sarcoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria regulating ion homeostasis, which is necessary for the correct excitation and relaxation of muscles. This review is devoted to the analysis of current data on changes in the structure, functioning, and regulation of the activity of ion channels in striated muscles in DMD and their contribution to the disruption of muscle function and the development of pathology. We note the prospects of therapy based on targeting the channels of the sarcolemma and organelles for the correction and alleviation of pathology, and the problems that arise in the interpretation of data obtained on model dystrophin-deficient objects.
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Low human dystrophin levels prevent cardiac electrophysiological and structural remodelling in a Duchenne mouse model. Sci Rep 2021; 11:9779. [PMID: 33963238 PMCID: PMC8105358 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89208-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a progressive neuromuscular disorder caused by loss of dystrophin. This lack also affects cardiac structure and function, and cardiovascular complications are a major cause of death in DMD. Newly developed therapies partially restore dystrophin expression. It is unclear whether this will be sufficient to prevent or ameliorate cardiac involvement in DMD. We here establish the cardiac electrophysiological and structural phenotype in young (2-3 months) and aged (6-13 months) dystrophin-deficient mdx mice expressing 100% human dystrophin (hDMD), 0% human dystrophin (hDMDdel52-null) or low levels (~ 5%) of human dystrophin (hDMDdel52-low). Compared to hDMD, young and aged hDMDdel52-null mice displayed conduction slowing and repolarisation abnormalities, while only aged hDMDdel52-null mice displayed increased myocardial fibrosis. Moreover, ventricular cardiomyocytes from young hDMDdel52-null animals displayed decreased sodium current and action potential (AP) upstroke velocity, and prolonged AP duration at 20% and 50% of repolarisation. Hence, cardiac electrical remodelling in hDMDdel52-null mice preceded development of structural alterations. In contrast to hDMDdel52-null, hDMDdel52-low mice showed similar electrophysiological and structural characteristics as hDMD, indicating prevention of the cardiac DMD phenotype by low levels of human dystrophin. Our findings are potentially relevant for the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring dystrophin expression in DMD.
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King DR, Entz M, Blair GA, Crandell I, Hanlon AL, Lin J, Hoeker GS, Poelzing S. The conduction velocity-potassium relationship in the heart is modulated by sodium and calcium. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:557-571. [PMID: 33660028 PMCID: PMC7940307 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02537-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between cardiac conduction velocity (CV) and extracellular potassium (K+) is biphasic, with modest hyperkalemia increasing CV and severe hyperkalemia slowing CV. Recent studies from our group suggest that elevating extracellular sodium (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+) can enhance CV by an extracellular pathway parallel to gap junctional coupling (GJC) called ephaptic coupling that can occur in the gap junction adjacent perinexus. However, it remains unknown whether these same interventions modulate CV as a function of K+. We hypothesize that Na+, Ca2+, and GJC can attenuate conduction slowing consequent to severe hyperkalemia. Elevating Ca2+ from 1.25 to 2.00 mM significantly narrowed perinexal width measured by transmission electron microscopy. Optically mapped, Langendorff-perfused guinea pig hearts perfused with increasing K+ revealed the expected biphasic CV-K+ relationship during perfusion with different Na+ and Ca2+ concentrations. Neither elevating Na+ nor Ca2+ alone consistently modulated the positive slope of CV-K+ or conduction slowing at 10-mM K+; however, combined Na+ and Ca2+ elevation significantly mitigated conduction slowing at 10-mM K+. Pharmacologic GJC inhibition with 30-μM carbenoxolone slowed CV without changing the shape of CV-K+ curves. A computational model of CV predicted that elevating Na+ and narrowing clefts between myocytes, as occur with perinexal narrowing, reduces the positive and negative slopes of the CV-K+ relationship but do not support a primary role of GJC or sodium channel conductance. These data demonstrate that combinatorial effects of Na+ and Ca2+ differentially modulate conduction during hyperkalemia, and enhancing determinants of ephaptic coupling may attenuate conduction changes in a variety of physiologic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ryan King
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Michael Entz
- Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Grace A Blair
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA
- Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Ian Crandell
- Center for Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Alexandra L Hanlon
- Center for Biostatistics and Health Data Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Joyce Lin
- Department of Mathematics, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Gregory S Hoeker
- Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, USA
| | - Steven Poelzing
- Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health Graduate Program, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- Center for Heart and Reparative Medicine Research, Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
- School of Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion, Roanoke, VA, USA.
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Rodriguez-Gonzalez M, Lubian-Gutierrez M, Cascales-Poyatos HM, Perez-Reviriego AA, Castellano-Martinez A. Role of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Dystrophin-Deficient Cardiomyopathy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 22:ijms22010356. [PMID: 33396334 PMCID: PMC7796305 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22010356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dystrophin-deficient cardiomyopathy (DDC) is currently the leading cause of death in patients with dystrophinopathies. Targeting myocardial fibrosis (MF) has become a major therapeutic goal in order to prevent the occurrence of DDC. We aimed to review and summarize the current evidence about the role of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) in the development and perpetuation of MF in DCC. We conducted a comprehensive search of peer-reviewed English literature on PubMed about this subject. We found increasing preclinical evidence from studies in animal models during the last 20 years pointing out a central role of RAAS in the development of MF in DDC. Local tissue RAAS acts directly mainly through its main fibrotic component angiotensin II (ANG2) and its transducer receptor (AT1R) and downstream TGF-b pathway. Additionally, it modulates the actions of most of the remaining pro-fibrotic factors involved in DDC. Despite limited clinical evidence, RAAS blockade constitutes the most studied, available and promising therapeutic strategy against MF and DDC. Conclusion: Based on the evidence reviewed, it would be recommendable to start RAAS blockade therapy through angiotensin converter enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or AT1R blockers (ARBs) alone or in combination with mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRa) at the youngest age after the diagnosis of dystrophinopathies, in order to delay the occurrence or slow the progression of MF, even before the detection of any cardiovascular alteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moises Rodriguez-Gonzalez
- Pediatric Cardiology Division of Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-956002700
| | - Manuel Lubian-Gutierrez
- Pediatric Neurology Division of Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Pediatric Division of Doctor Cayetano Roldan Primary Care Center, 11100 San Fernando, Spain
| | | | | | - Ana Castellano-Martinez
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz (INiBICA), Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain;
- Pediatric Nephrology Division of Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cadiz, 11009 Cadiz, Spain
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Ebner J, Uhrin P, Szabo PL, Kiss A, Podesser BK, Todt H, Hilber K, Koenig X. Reduced Na+ current in Purkinje fibers explains cardiac conduction defects and arrhythmias in Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 318:H1436-H1440. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00224.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Dystrophic cardiac Purkinje fibers have abnormally reduced Na+ current densities. This explains impaired ventricular conduction in the dystrophic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Ebner
- Department of Neurophysiology-Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavel Uhrin
- Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra L. Szabo
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Attila Kiss
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bruno K. Podesser
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiovascular Research at the Center for Biomedical Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannes Todt
- Department of Neurophysiology-Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karlheinz Hilber
- Department of Neurophysiology-Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xaver Koenig
- Department of Neurophysiology-Pharmacology, Center for Physiology and Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Esposito G, Carsana A. Metabolic Alterations in Cardiomyocytes of Patients with Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8122151. [PMID: 31817415 PMCID: PMC6947625 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8122151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD/BMD) result in progressive weakness of skeletal and cardiac muscles due to the deficiency of functional dystrophin. Respiratory failure is a leading cause of mortality in DMD patients; however, improved management of the respiratory symptoms have increased patients' life expectancy, thereby also increasing the clinical relevance of heart disease. In fact, the prevalence of cardiomyopathy, which significantly contributes to mortality in DMD patients, increases with age and disease progression, so that over 95% of adult patients has cardiomyopathy signs. We here review the current literature featuring the metabolic alterations observed in the dystrophic heart of the mdx mouse, i.e., the best-studied animal model of the disease, and discuss their pathophysiological role in the DMD heart. It is well assessed that dystrophin deficiency is associated with pathological alterations of lipid metabolism, intracellular calcium levels, neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase localization, and NO and reactive oxygen species production. These metabolic stressors contribute to impair the function of the cardiac mitochondrial bulk, which has a relevant pathophysiological role in the development of cardiomyopathy. In fact, mitochondrial dysfunction becomes more severe as the dystrophic process progresses, thereby indicating it may be both the cause and the consequence of the dystrophic process in the DMD heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriella Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, Via Gaetano Salvatore 486, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella Carsana
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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