1
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Singh W, Kushwaha P, Kushwaha SP. Assessing the Compatibility of Menatetrenone with Excipients: A Spectroscopic Approach and Implication in Drug Formulation Development. Drug Res (Stuttg) 2024. [PMID: 39094816 DOI: 10.1055/a-2361-2895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the compatibility of menatetrenone with selected pharmaceutical excipients. Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to assess drug-excipient compatibility. The present research systematically investigates the FTIR spectrum of each chemical compound separately and their physical blends, analyzing for possible shifts, alterations or novel peak that may indicate chemical interactions. This study aims to utilize spectral data interpretation to detect potential compatibility problems that may occur while design and production of menatetrenone containing dosage forms ensuring their increased stability and effectiveness. The FTIR results demonstrated that all the pharmaceutical excipients were compatible with menatetrenone. In conclusion, the compatibility of pharmaceutical excipients with menatetrenone was successfully assessed using FTIR that will aid in future design of formulations containing menatetrenone as therapeutic moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Widhilika Singh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Poonam Kushwaha
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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2
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Goto S, Setoguchi S, Matsunaga K, Takata J. Effects of radical scavengers for reactive oxygen species on vitamin K-induced phototoxicity under UVA irradiation. Toxicol In Vitro 2024; 98:105839. [PMID: 38723978 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2024.105839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin K possesses efficacy as a topical dermatological agent. However, vitamin K is phototoxic and susceptible to photodegradation. Herein, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the phototoxicity of phylloquinone (PK, vitamin K1) and menaquinone-4 (MK-4, vitamin K2) under ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation using various reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers. This resulted in the production of superoxide anion radicals via type I and singlet oxygen via type II photodynamic reactions, which were quenched by the ROS scavengers: superoxide dismutase and sodium azide (NaN3). In HaCaT cells, MK-4 and PK induced the production of intracellular ROS, particularly hydrogen peroxide, in response to UVA irradiation. Furthermore, the addition of catalase successfully decreased maximum ROS levels by approximately 30%. NaN3 and catalase decreased the maximum reduction in cell viability induced by UVA-irradiated PK and MK-4 in cell viability by approximately 2-7-fold. Additionally, ROS scavengers had no effect on the photodegradation of PK or MK-4 at 373 nm. Therefore, the phototoxicities of PK and MK-4 were attributed to the generation of singlet oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, underscoring the importance of photoshielding in circumventing phototoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Shuichi Setoguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Jiro Takata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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3
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Goto S, Setoguchi S, Watase D, Yamakawa H, Yamada A, Koga M, Matsuo K, Matsunaga K, Karube Y, Takata J. Menahydroquinone-4 may play a key role in regulating CCL5 expression induced by epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22102. [PMID: 38092882 PMCID: PMC10719312 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49627-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors frequently cause severe skin rash as a side effect, which is a critical burden for patients who continuously receive drug treatments. Several recent clinical trials have shown that vitamin K is effective against these side effects; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. EGFR inhibitors induce C-C motif chemokine ligand 5 (CCL5) in dermopathy. We hypothesized that menahydroquinone-4 (MKH), the active form of menaquinone-4 (MK-4, vitamin K2(20)), supplied by biosynthesis or external delivery, is essential for the suppressive effect on CCL5. The aim of this study was to explore the underlying mechanisms governing the relieving effects of MKH against skin rashes caused by EGFR inhibitors. The responses generated by EGFR inhibitors and the effect of MKH derivatives (two ester derivatives and MK-4) on them were evaluated using human skin cell lines (HaCaT and HSC-1). EGFR inhibitors downregulated UbiA prenyltransferase domain-containing protein-1 (UBIAD1, MKH synthetase) expression and MKH biosynthesis. Knockdown of UBIAD1 or γ-glutamyl carboxylase and treatment with warfarin upregulated CCL5 expression. MKH derivatives suppressed the CCL5 expression induced by EGFR inhibitors. Our data strongly suggest that MKH is involved in suppressing CCL5 expression and alleviating the skin damage caused by EGFR inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan.
| | - Shuichi Setoguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Daisuke Watase
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | | | - Ayano Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Koga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Koichi Matsuo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Matsunaga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Karube
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
| | - Jiro Takata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, 8-19-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-Ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan
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4
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Mishima E, Wahida A, Seibt T, Conrad M. Diverse biological functions of vitamin K: from coagulation to ferroptosis. Nat Metab 2023:10.1038/s42255-023-00821-y. [PMID: 37337123 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-023-00821-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin K is essential for several physiological processes, such as blood coagulation, in which it serves as a cofactor for the conversion of peptide-bound glutamate to γ-carboxyglutamate in vitamin K-dependent proteins. This process is driven by the vitamin K cycle facilitated by γ-carboxyglutamyl carboxylase, vitamin K epoxide reductase and ferroptosis suppressor protein-1, the latter of which was recently identified as the long-sought-after warfarin-resistant vitamin K reductase. In addition, vitamin K has carboxylation-independent functions. Akin to ubiquinone, vitamin K acts as an electron carrier for ATP production in some organisms and prevents ferroptosis, a type of cell death hallmarked by lipid peroxidation. In this Perspective, we provide an overview of the diverse functions of vitamin K in physiology and metabolism and, at the same time, offer a perspective on its role in ferroptosis together with ferroptosis suppressor protein-1. A comparison between vitamin K and ubiquinone, from an evolutionary perspective, may offer further insights into the manifold roles of vitamin K in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eikan Mishima
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
- Division of Nephrology, Rheumatology and Endocrinology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
| | - Adam Wahida
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
- Division of Translational Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tobias Seibt
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Conrad
- Institute of Metabolism and Cell Death, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
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5
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Lin B, Ma J, Fang Y, Lei P, Wang L, Qu L, Wu W, Jin L, Sun D. Advances in Zebrafish for Diabetes Mellitus with Wound Model. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030330. [PMID: 36978721 PMCID: PMC10044998 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic foot ulcers cause great suffering and are costly for the healthcare system. Normal wound healing involves hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. However, the negative factors associated with diabetes, such as bacterial biofilms, persistent inflammation, impaired angiogenesis, inhibited cell proliferation, and pathological scarring, greatly interfere with the smooth progress of the entire healing process. It is this impaired wound healing that leads to diabetic foot ulcers and even amputations. Therefore, drug screening is challenging due to the complexity of damaged healing mechanisms. The establishment of a scientific and reasonable animal experimental model contributes significantly to the in-depth research of diabetic wound pathology, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. In addition to the low cost and transparency of the embryo (for imaging transgene applications), zebrafish have a discrete wound healing process for the separate study of each stage, resulting in their potential as the ideal model animal for diabetic wound healing in the future. In this review, we examine the reasons behind the delayed healing of diabetic wounds, systematically review various studies using zebrafish as a diabetic wound model by different induction methods, as well as summarize the challenges and improvement strategies which provide references for establishing a more reasonable diabetic wound zebrafish model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangchang Lin
- Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiahui Ma
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yimeng Fang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Pengyu Lei
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Linkai Qu
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (L.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Libo Jin
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Wenzhou City and WenZhouOuTai Medical Laboratory Co., Ltd. Joint Doctoral Innovation Station, Wenzhou Association for Science and Technology, Wenzhou 325000, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (L.J.); (D.S.)
| | - Da Sun
- Institute of Life Sciences & Biomedical Collaborative Innovation Center of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325035, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (L.J.); (D.S.)
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6
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Toki E, Goto S, Setoguchi S, Terada K, Watase D, Yamakawa H, Yamada A, Koga M, Kubota K, Iwasaki K, Karube Y, Matsunaga K, Takata J. Delivery of the reduced form of vitamin K 2(20) to NIH/3T3 cells partially protects against rotenone induced cell death. Sci Rep 2022; 12:19878. [PMID: 36400879 PMCID: PMC9674836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-24456-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria generate energy through the action of the electron transport chain (ETC) and ATP synthase. Mitochondrial malfunction can lead to various disorders, including neurodegenerative diseases. Several reports have shown that menaquinone-4 (MK-4, vitamin K2(20)), a safe drug for osteoporosis, may improve mitochondrial function. Here, we hypothesized that the efficient delivery of menahydroquinone-4 (MKH), an active form of MK-4, could exert a supporting effect. We verified the effects of MKH delivery on mitochondrial dysfunction by using MK-4 and MKH ester derivatives in NIH/3T3 mouse fibroblast cells treated with mitochondrial inhibitors. MK-4 and MKH derivatives suppressed cell death, the decline in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and a decrease in intrinsic coenzyme Q9 (CoQ9) induced by rotenone (ROT, complex I inhibitor). MK-4 and MKH derivatives delivered MKH to NIH/3T3 cells, acting as an effective MKH prodrug, proving that the delivered MKH may reflect the mitigation effects on ROT-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. MKH prodrugs are also effective against 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NP, complex II inhibitor) and carbonyl cyanide-m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP, uncoupler)-induced cell death. In conclusion, MKH delivery may mitigate mitochondrial dysfunction by maintaining MMP, ROS, and CoQ9, indicating that MKH prodrugs may be good candidates for treating mitochondrial disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erina Toki
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Shotaro Goto
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Shuichi Setoguchi
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Kazuki Terada
- grid.412142.00000 0000 8894 6108Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Himeji Dokkyo University, Himeji, 670-8524 Japan
| | - Daisuke Watase
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamakawa
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Radioisotope Center, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Ayano Yamada
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Koga
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Kaori Kubota
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Katsunori Iwasaki
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Karube
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Matsunaga
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
| | - Jiro Takata
- grid.411497.e0000 0001 0672 2176Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, 814-0180 Japan
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7
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Yamakawa H, Setoguchi S, Goto S, Watase D, Terada K, Nagata-Akaho N, Toki E, Koga M, Matsunaga K, Karube Y, Takata J. Growth Inhibitory Effects of Ester Derivatives of Menahydroquinone-4, the Reduced Form of Vitamin K 2(20), on All-Trans Retinoic Acid-Resistant HL60 Cell Line. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050758. [PMID: 34065416 PMCID: PMC8161027 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The first-choice drug for acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), frequently causes drug-resistance and some adverse effects. Thus, an effective and safe agent for ATRA-resistant APL is needed. Menaquinone-4 (MK-4, vitamin K2(20)), used for osteoporosis treatment, does not have serious adverse effects. It has been reported that MK-4 has growth-inhibitory effects on HL60 cells by inducing apoptosis via the activation of Bcl-2 antagonist killer 1 (BAK). However, the effect of MK-4 on ATRA-resistant APL has not been reported. Here, we show that ester derivatives of menahydroquinone-4 (MKH; a reduced form of MK-4), MKH 1,4-bis-N,N-dimethylglycinate (MKH-DMG) and MKH 1,4-bis-hemi-succinate (MKH-SUC), exerted strong growth-inhibitory effects even on ATRA-resistant HL60 (HL-60R) cells compared with ATRA and MK-4. MKH delivery after MKH-SUC treatment was higher than that after MK-4 treatment, and the results indicated apoptosis induced by BAK activation. In contrast, for MKH-DMG, reconversion to MKH was slow and apoptosis was not observed. We suggest that the ester forms, including monoesters of MKH-DMG, exhibit another mechanism independent of apoptosis. In conclusion, the MKH derivatives (MKH-SUC and MKH-DMG) inhibited not only HL60 cells but also HL-60R cells, indicating a potential to overcome ATRA resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jiro Takata
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-871-6631 (ext. 6662)
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8
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Jensen MB, Ložnjak Švarc P, Jakobsen J. Vitamin K (phylloquinone and menaquinones) in foods - Optimisation of extraction, clean-up and LC-ESI-MS/MS method for quantification. Food Chem 2020; 345:128835. [PMID: 33321348 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence of vitamin K's importance in human health beyond blood coagulation and bone health necessitates its further research. A method involving extraction, lipase treatment, clean-up, and detection and quantification by LC-ESI-MS/MS of phylloquinone (PK), menaquinone-4 (MK-4), menaquinone-7 (MK-7) and menaquinone-9 (MK-9) was developed, and single-laboratory validated. The matrices included in the validation were hazelnut, cheese, broccoli, and pork. The LC-method runtime was 9 min. The LOQ for PK, MK-4 and MK-7 was 0.5 µg/100 g food, while for MK-9 it was 2.5 µg/100 g food. The intra- and inter-day precision was <15% for endogenous and spiked levels, except for low content at 4 times the LOQ. Trueness was assessed to be in the range 94-125% for spiking at levels approximately 4 and 10 times LOQ. It is further shown that deuterium labelled MK-7 can be used as an internal standard for MK-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Bagge Jensen
- Research Group for Bioactives - Analysis and Application, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Petra Ložnjak Švarc
- Research Group for Bioactives - Analysis and Application, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Jette Jakobsen
- Research Group for Bioactives - Analysis and Application, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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9
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Goto S, Setoguchi S, Nagata-Akaho N, Terada K, Watase D, Yamakawa H, Toki E, Koga M, Matsunaga K, Karube Y, Takata J. Ester derivatives of phyllohydroquinone effectively deliver the active form of vitamin K 1 topically, owing to their non-photosensitivity. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 155:105519. [PMID: 32822810 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Topical application of phylloquinone (PK) is beneficial to the skin; however, its topical use is limited in Europe owing to its photosensitive properties such as photodegradation and phototoxicity. We evaluated the suitability of ester derivatives of phyllohydroquinone (PKH), the active form of PK, for topical application to overcome the abovementioned problems of PK. We used the PKH derivatives PKH-1,4-bis-N,N-dimethylglycinate hydrochloride (PKH-DMG) and PKH-1,4-bis-hemisuccinate (PKH-SUC) for our studies. Photostability was determined by measuring the residual concentration after irradiation with artificial sunlight and multi-wavelength light. Phototoxicity after ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation was assessed by measuring drug-induced singlet oxygen and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cell viability of a human epidermal keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT). Delivery of PKH into HaCaT cells was assessed by measuring PK epoxide (PKO) levels. The PKH derivatives showed higher photostability than PK. After UVA irradiation, PK induced high singlet oxygen levels and intracellular ROS generation, and reduced cell viability, whereas the PKH derivatives showed no effects. The PKH derivatives increased intracellular PKO levels. AUCPKO(0-72 h) values after PKH-DMG and PKH-SUC treatments were 0.741- and 22.9-fold higher than that after PK treatment, respectively. In conclusion, PKH derivatives act as PKH prodrugs and are suitable for topical application without the need for special protection from light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shotaro Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shuichi Setoguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nami Nagata-Akaho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Terada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Watase
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Erina Toki
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Koga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiharu Karube
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jiro Takata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan.
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10
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Setoguchi S, Nagata-Akaho N, Goto S, Yamakawa H, Watase D, Terada K, Koga M, Matsunaga K, Karube Y, Takata J. Evaluation of photostability and phototoxicity of esterified derivatives of ubiquinol-10 and their application as prodrugs of reduced coenzyme Q 10 for topical administration. Biofactors 2020; 46:983-994. [PMID: 33025665 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquinol-10 (UqH-10), the fully reduced form of ubiquinone-10 (Uq-10, coenzyme Q10 ), is an antioxidant and is involved in energy production. However, physicochemical disadvantages, such as rapid oxidation, water-insolubility, photoinstability, and phototoxicity, limit its application. We previously reported that UqH-10 1,4-bis-N,N-dimethylglycinate improved the oxidation susceptibility and poor bioavailability of UqH-10 in rats. Herein, we evaluated the photochemical properties of UqH-esterified derivatives (N,N-dimethylglycinate, hemi-succinate, ethylsuccinate, and hemi-glutarate). Photostability was examined by irradiation using artificial sunlight and monochromatic light. The concentration of each compound was determined using LC-MS/MS. Phototoxicity was assessed by singlet oxygen and superoxide assays. Delivery of UqH-10 via UqH-esters to the HaCaT human keratinocyte cell line was determined using LC-MS/MS. UqH-esters showed higher photostability to artificial sunlight than Uq-10 and UqH-10. Uq-10 and UqH-10 were rapidly degraded by monochromatic light at 279 nm, whereas UqH-esters were more stable. UVA and/or UVB irradiation generated high levels of singlet oxygen and superoxide in Uq-10, whereas UqH-esters were unreactive. Additionally, UqH-esters effectively delivered UqH-10 to HaCaT cells following efficient uptake in their ester forms and ester bond hydrolysis in the cells. In conclusion, UqH-ester derivatives exhibit higher photostability and lower phototoxicity compared with Uq-10 and UqH-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Setoguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Nami Nagata-Akaho
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shotaro Goto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Yamakawa
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Watase
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuki Terada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mitsuhisa Koga
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | | | - Yoshiharu Karube
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Jiro Takata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
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11
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Simil-Microfluidic Nanotechnology in Manufacturing of Liposomes as Hydrophobic Antioxidants Skin Release Systems. COSMETICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics7020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel nanotechnologies represent the most attractive and innovative tools to date exploited by cosmetic companies to improve the effectiveness of their formulations. In this context, nanoliposomes have had a great impact in topical preparations and dermocosmetics, allowing the transcutaneous penetration and absorption of several active ingredients and improving the stability of sensitive molecules. Despite the recent boom of this class of delivery systems, their industrial production is still limited by the lack of easily scalable production techniques. In this work, nanoliposomes for the topical administration of vitamin D3, K2, E, and curcumin, molecules with high antioxidant and skin curative properties but unstable and poorly absorbable, were produced through a novel simil-microfluidic technique. The developed high-yield semi continuous method is proposed as an alternative to face the problems linked with low productive conventional methods in order to produce antioxidant formulations with improved features. The novel technique has allowed to obtain a massive production of stable antioxidant vesicles of an 84–145 nm size range, negatively charged, and characterized by high loads and encapsulation efficiencies. The obtained products as well as the developed high-performance technology make the achieved formulations very interesting for potential topical applications in the cosmetics/cosmeceutical field.
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