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Giordo R, Ahmadi FAM, Husaini NA, Al-Nuaimi NRA, Ahmad SM, Pintus G, Zayed H. microRNA 21 and long non-coding RNAs interplays underlie cancer pathophysiology: A narrative review. Noncoding RNA Res 2024; 9:831-852. [PMID: 38586315 PMCID: PMC10995982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are a diverse group of functional RNA molecules that lack the ability to code for proteins. Despite missing this traditional role, ncRNAs have emerged as crucial regulators of various biological processes and have been implicated in the development and progression of many diseases, including cancer. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two prominent classes of ncRNAs that have emerged as key players in cancer pathophysiology. In particular, miR-21 has been reported to exhibit oncogenic roles in various forms of human cancer, including prostate, breast, lung, and colorectal cancer. In this context, miR-21 overexpression is closely associated with tumor proliferation, growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and chemoresistance, whereas miR-21 inactivation is linked to the regression of most tumor-related processes. Accordingly, miR-21 is a crucial modulator of various canonical oncogenic pathways such as PTEN/PI3K/Akt, Wnt/β-catenin, STAT, p53, MMP2, and MMP9. Moreover, interplays between lncRNA and miRNA further complicate the regulatory mechanisms underlying tumor development and progression. In this regard, several lncRNAs have been found to interact with miR-21 and, by functioning as competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) or miRNA sponges, can modulate cancer tumorigenesis. This work presents and discusses recent findings highlighting the roles and pathophysiological implications of the miR-21-lncRNA regulatory axis in cancer occurrence, development, and progression. The data collected indicate that specific lncRNAs, such as MEG3, CASC2, and GAS5, are strongly associated with miR-21 in various types of cancer, including gastric, cervical, lung, and glioma. Indeed, these lncRNAs are well-known tumor suppressors and are commonly downregulated in different types of tumors. Conversely, by modulating various mechanisms and oncogenic signaling pathways, their overexpression has been linked with preventing tumor formation and development. This review highlights the significance of these regulatory pathways in cancer and their potential for use in cancer therapy as diagnostic and prognostic markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Giordo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Fatemeh Abdullah M. Ahmadi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nedal Al Husaini
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Noora Rashid A.M. Al-Nuaimi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Salma M.S. Ahmad
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, University City Rd, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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2
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Chatham JC, Patel RP. Protein glycosylation in cardiovascular health and disease. Nat Rev Cardiol 2024; 21:525-544. [PMID: 38499867 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-024-00998-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Protein glycosylation, which involves the attachment of carbohydrates to proteins, is one of the most abundant protein co-translational and post-translational modifications. Advances in technology have substantially increased our knowledge of the biosynthetic pathways involved in protein glycosylation, as well as how changes in glycosylation can affect cell function. In addition, our understanding of the role of protein glycosylation in disease processes is growing, particularly in the context of immune system function, infectious diseases, neurodegeneration and cancer. Several decades ago, cell surface glycoproteins were found to have an important role in regulating ion transport across the cardiac sarcolemma. However, with very few exceptions, our understanding of how changes in protein glycosylation influence cardiovascular (patho)physiology remains remarkably limited. Therefore, in this Review, we aim to provide an overview of N-linked and O-linked protein glycosylation, including intracellular O-linked N-acetylglucosamine protein modification. We discuss our current understanding of how all forms of protein glycosylation contribute to normal cardiovascular function and their roles in cardiovascular disease. Finally, we highlight potential gaps in our knowledge about the effects of protein glycosylation on the heart and vascular system, highlighting areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- John C Chatham
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
| | - Rakesh P Patel
- Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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3
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Basak S, Mallick R, Navya Sree B, Duttaroy AK. Placental Epigenome Impacts Fetal Development: Effects of Maternal Nutrients and Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2024; 16:1860. [PMID: 38931215 PMCID: PMC11206482 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Evidence is emerging on the role of maternal diet, gut microbiota, and other lifestyle factors in establishing lifelong health and disease, which are determined by transgenerationally inherited epigenetic modifications. Understanding epigenetic mechanisms may help identify novel biomarkers for gestation-related exposure, burden, or disease risk. Such biomarkers are essential for developing tools for the early detection of risk factors and exposure levels. It is necessary to establish an exposure threshold due to nutrient deficiencies or other environmental factors that can result in clinically relevant epigenetic alterations that modulate disease risks in the fetus. This narrative review summarizes the latest updates on the roles of maternal nutrients (n-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, vitamins) and gut microbiota on the placental epigenome and its impacts on fetal brain development. This review unravels the potential roles of the functional epigenome for targeted intervention to ensure optimal fetal brain development and its performance in later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Basak
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, India; (S.B.); (B.N.S.)
| | - Rahul Mallick
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland;
| | - Boga Navya Sree
- Molecular Biology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Nutrition, Indian Council of Medical Research, Hyderabad 500007, India; (S.B.); (B.N.S.)
| | - Asim K. Duttaroy
- Department of Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 0317 Oslo, Norway
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4
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Assayag E, Gurt I, Cohen-Kfir E, Stokar J, Zwas DR, Dresner-Pollak R. Cardiac Left Ventricular miRNA-26a Is Downregulated in Ovariectomized Mice, Upregulated upon 17-Beta Estradiol Replacement, and Inversely Correlated with Collagen Type 1 Gene Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5153. [PMID: 38791190 PMCID: PMC11121197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is more prevalent in post- compared to pre-menopausal women. The underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Data in humans is confounded by age and co-morbidities. We investigated the effects of ovariectomy and estrogen replacement on the left ventricular (LV) gene expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors involved in HFpEF and putative regulating miRNAs. Nine-week-old C57BL/6 female mice were subjected to ovariectomy (OVX) or SHAM operation. OVX and SHAM groups were sacrificed 1-, 6-, and 12-weeks post-surgery (T1/SHAM; T1/OVX; T6/SHAM; T6/OVX, T12/SHAM). 17β-estradiol (E2) or vehicle (VEH) was then administered to the OVX groups for 6 weeks (T12/OVX/E2; T12/OVX/VEH). Another SHAM group was sacrificed 12-weeks post-surgery. RNA and miRNAs were extracted from the LV apex. An early 3-fold increase in the gene expression of IL-1α, IL-6, Mmp9, Mmp12, Col1α1, and Col3α1 was observed one-week post-surgery in T1/OVX vs. T1/SHAM, but not at later time points. miRNA-26a was lower in T1/OVX vs. T1/SHAM and was inversely correlated with Col1α1 and Col3α1 expression 1-week post-surgery (r = -0.79 p < 0.001; r = -0.6 p = 0.007). miRNAs-26a, 29b, and 133a were significantly higher, while Col1α1, Col3α1, IL-1α, IL-6, Tnfα, Mmp12, and FasL gene expression was significantly lower in E2- compared to vehicle-treated OVX mice. miRNA-26a was inversely correlated with Col3α1 in T12/OVX/ E2 (r = -0.56 p = 0.02). OVX triggered an early increase in the gene expression of pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic factors, highlighting the importance of the early phase post-cessation of ovarian function. E2 replacement therapy, even if it was not immediately initiated after OVX, reversed these unfavorable changes and upregulated cardiac miRNA-26a, previously unknown to be affected by menopausal status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elishai Assayag
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
| | - Irina Gurt
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
| | - Einav Cohen-Kfir
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
| | - Joshua Stokar
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
| | - Donna R. Zwas
- Linda Joy Pollin Cardiovascular Wellness Center for Women, Division of Cardiology, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel;
| | - Rivka Dresner-Pollak
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Division of Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; (E.A.); (I.G.); (E.C.-K.)
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Yan J, Xiao J, Duan J, Hong T. The potential of leptin to alleviate chronic heart failure through miR-27a/b-3p: A preclinical study. Asian J Surg 2023; 46:6099-6100. [PMID: 37777412 DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2023.09.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, 330006, Nanchang, China.
| | - Jinlin Xiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, 330006, Nanchang, China.
| | - Jian Duan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, 330006, Nanchang, China.
| | - Tao Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, 330006, Nanchang, China.
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6
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Giordo R, Posadino AM, Mangoni AA, Pintus G. Metformin-mediated epigenetic modifications in diabetes and associated conditions: Biological and clinical relevance. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 215:115732. [PMID: 37541452 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
An intricate interplay between genetic and environmental factors contributes to the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and its complications. Therefore, it is not surprising that the epigenome also plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of T2D. Hyperglycemia can indeed trigger epigenetic modifications, thereby regulating different gene expression patterns. Such epigenetic changes can persist after normalizing serum glucose concentrations, suggesting the presence of a 'metabolic memory' of previous hyperglycemia which may also be epigenetically regulated. Metformin, a derivative of biguanide known to reduce serum glucose concentrations in patients with T2D, appears to exert additional pleiotropic effects that are mediated by multiple epigenetic modifications. Such modifications have been reported in various organs, tissues, and cellular compartments and appear to account for the effects of metformin on glycemic control as well as local and systemic inflammation, oxidant stress, and fibrosis. This review discusses the emerging evidence regarding the reported metformin-mediated epigenetic modifications, particularly on short and long non-coding RNAs, DNA methylation, and histone proteins post-translational modifications, their biological and clinical significance, potential therapeutic applications, and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Giordo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Posadino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino Aleksander Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University and Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia; Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Bedford Park, SA 5042, Australia.
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, University City Rd, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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7
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Lee C, Cho S, Jeong D. Inhibition of miR-25 Ameliorates Cardiac Dysfunction and Fibrosis by Restoring Krüppel-like Factor 4 Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12434. [PMID: 37569807 PMCID: PMC10418969 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is an adaptive response to various pathological insults, including hypertension. However, sustained hypertrophy can cause impaired calcium regulation, cardiac dysfunction, and remodeling, accompanied by cardiac fibrosis. Our previous study identified miR-25 as a regulator of SERCA2a, and found that the inhibition of miR-25 improved cardiac function and reduced fibrosis by restoring SERCA2a expression in a murine heart failure model. However, the precise mechanism underlying the reduction in fibrosis following miR-25 inhibition remains unclear. Therefore, we postulate that miR-25 may have additional targets that contribute to regulating cardiac fibrosis. Using in silico analysis, Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) was identified as an additional target of miR-25. Further experiments confirmed that KLF4 was directly targeted by miR-25 and that its expression was reduced by long-term treatment with Angiotensin II, a major hypertrophic inducer. Subsequently, treatment with an miR-25 inhibitor alleviated the cardiac dysfunction, fibrosis, and inflammation induced by Angiotensin II (Ang II). These findings indicate that inhibiting miR-25 not only enhances calcium cycling and cardiac function via SERCA2a restoration but also reduces fibrosis by restoring KLF4 expression. Therefore, targeting miR-25 may be a promising therapeutic strategy for treating hypertensive heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dongtak Jeong
- Department of Medicinal & Life Science, College of Science and Convergence Technology, Hanyang University-ERICA, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan 15588, Republic of Korea; (C.L.); (S.C.)
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8
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Singh DD, Kim Y, Choi SA, Han I, Yadav DK. Clinical Significance of MicroRNAs, Long Non-Coding RNAs, and CircRNAs in Cardiovascular Diseases. Cells 2023; 12:1629. [PMID: 37371099 DOI: 10.3390/cells12121629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on recent research, the non-coding genome is essential for controlling genes and genetic programming during development, as well as for health and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The microRNAs (miRNAs), lncRNAs (long ncRNAs), and circRNAs (circular RNAs) with significant regulatory and structural roles make up approximately 99% of the human genome, which does not contain proteins. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) have been discovered to be essential novel regulators of cardiovascular risk factors and cellular processes, making them significant prospects for advanced diagnostics and prognosis evaluation. Cases of CVDs are rising due to limitations in the current therapeutic approach; most of the treatment options are based on the coding transcripts that encode proteins. Recently, various investigations have shown the role of nc-RNA in the early diagnosis and treatment of CVDs. Furthermore, the development of novel diagnoses and treatments based on miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs could be more helpful in the clinical management of patients with CVDs. CVDs are classified into various types of heart diseases, including cardiac hypertrophy (CH), heart failure (HF), rheumatic heart disease (RHD), acute coronary syndrome (ACS), myocardial infarction (MI), atherosclerosis (AS), myocardial fibrosis (MF), arrhythmia (ARR), and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Here, we discuss the biological and clinical importance of miRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs and their expression profiles and manipulation of non-coding transcripts in CVDs, which will deliver an in-depth knowledge of the role of ncRNAs in CVDs for progressing new clinical diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desh Deepak Singh
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur 303002, India
| | - Youngsun Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Ah Choi
- Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Pediatric Clinical Neuroscience Center, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn Han
- Plasma Bioscience Research Center, Applied Plasma Medicine Center, Department of Plasma Biodisplay, Kwangwoon University, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Pharmacy, Gachon Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21924, Republic of Korea
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Gopikrishnan M, R HC, R G, Ashour HM, Pintus G, Hammad M, Kashyap MK, C GPD, Zayed H. Therapeutic and diagnostic applications of exosomal circRNAs in breast cancer. Funct Integr Genomics 2023; 23:184. [PMID: 37243750 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-023-01083-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are regulatory elements that are involved in orchestrating gene expression and protein functions and are implicated in various biological processes including cancer. Notably, breast cancer has a significant mortality rate and is one of the most common malignancies in women. CircRNAs have been demonstrated to contribute to the pathogenesis of breast cancer including its initiation, progression, metastasis, and resistance to drugs. By acting as miRNA sponges, circRNAs can indirectly influence gene expression by disrupting miRNA regulation of their target genes, ultimately altering the course of cancer development and progression. Additionally, circRNAs can interact with proteins and modulate their functions including signaling pathways involved in the initiation and development of cancer. Recently, circRNAs can encode peptides that play a role in the pathophysiology of breast cancer and other diseases and their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for various cancers including breast cancer. CircRNAs possess biomarkers that differentiate, such as stability, specificity, and sensitivity, and can be detected in several biological specimens such as blood, saliva, and urine. Moreover, circRNAs play an important role in various cellular processes including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis, all of which are integral factors in the development and progression of cancer. This review synthesizes the functions of circRNAs in breast cancer, scrutinizing their contributions to the onset and evolution of the disease through their interactions with exosomes and cancer-related intracellular pathways. It also delves into the potential use of circRNA as a biomarker and therapeutic target against breast cancer. It discusses various databases and online tools that offer crucial circRNA information and regulatory networks. Lastly, the challenges and prospects of utilizing circRNAs in clinical settings associated with breast cancer are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanraj Gopikrishnan
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hephzibah Cathryn R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Gnanasambandan R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Hossam M Ashour
- Department of Integrative Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, Florida, 33701, USA
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Mohamed Hammad
- Department of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, City of Hope Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, California, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Kashyap
- Amity Stem Cell Institute, Amity Medical School, Amity University Haryana, Manesar (Gurugram), Panchgaon, Haryana (HR), 122413, India
- Clinical Biosamples & Research Services (CBRS), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201301, India
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of BioSciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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Sykora M, Andelova K, Szeiffova Bacova B, Egan Benova T, Martiskova A, Knezl V, Tribulova N. Hypertension Induces Pro-arrhythmic Cardiac Connexome Disorders: Protective Effects of Treatment. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13020330. [PMID: 36830700 PMCID: PMC9953310 DOI: 10.3390/biom13020330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Prolonged population aging and unhealthy lifestyles contribute to the progressive prevalence of arterial hypertension. This is accompanied by low-grade inflammation and over time results in heart dysfunction and failure. Hypertension-induced myocardial structural and ion channel remodeling facilitates the development of both atrial and ventricular fibrillation, and these increase the risk of stroke and sudden death. Herein, we elucidate hypertension-induced impairment of "connexome" cardiomyocyte junctions. This complex ensures cell-to-cell adhesion and coupling for electrical and molecular signal propagation. Connexome dysfunction can be a key factor in promoting the occurrence of both cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure. However, the available literature indicates that arterial hypertension treatment can hamper myocardial structural remodeling, hypertrophy and/or fibrosis, and preserve connexome function. This suggests the pleiotropic effects of antihypertensive agents, including anti-inflammatory. Therefore, further research is required to identify specific molecular targets and pathways that will protect connexomes, and it is also necessary to develop new approaches to maintain heart function in patients suffering from primary or pulmonary arterial hypertension.
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11
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Almaghrbi H, Giordo R, Pintus G, Zayed H. Non-coding RNAs as biomarkers of myocardial infarction. Clin Chim Acta 2023; 540:117222. [PMID: 36627010 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) encompass a family of ubiquitous RNA molecules that lack protein-coding potential and have tissue-specific expression. A significant body of evidence indicates that ncRNA's aberrant expression plays a critical role in disease onset and development. NcRNAs' biochemical characteristics such as disease-associated concentration changes, structural stability, and high abundance in body fluids make them promising prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers. Myocardial infarction (MI) is a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the term in use to describe MI's early phase, is generally diagnosed by physical examination, electrocardiogram (ECG), and the presence of specific biomarkers. In this regard, compared to standard MI biomarkers, such as the cardiac troponin isoforms (cTnT & cTnI) and the Creatinine Kinase (CK), ncRNAs appears to provide better sensitivity and specificity, ensuring a rapid and correct diagnosis, an earlier treatment, and consequently a good prognosis for the patients. This review aims to summarize and discuss the most promising and recent data on the potential clinical use of circulating ncRNAs as MI biomarkers. Specifically, we focused primarily on miRNAs and lncRNAs, highlighting their significant specificity and sensitivity, discussing their limitations, and suggesting possible overcoming approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba Almaghrbi
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Roberta Giordo
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 505055 Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43B, 07100 Sassari, Italy; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, University City Rd, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Sciences, Member of QU Health, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
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12
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Ramli I, Posadino AM, Giordo R, Fenu G, Fardoun M, Iratni R, Eid AH, Zayed H, Pintus G. Effect of Resveratrol on Pregnancy, Prenatal Complications and Pregnancy-Associated Structure Alterations. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020341. [PMID: 36829900 PMCID: PMC9952837 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Adverse pregnancy outcomes are considered significant health risks for pregnant women and their offspring during pregnancy and throughout their lifespan. These outcomes lead to a perturbated in-utero environment that impacts critical phases of the fetus's life and correlates to an increased risk of chronic pathological conditions, such as diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular diseases, in both the mother's and adult offspring's life. The dietary intake of naturally occurring antioxidants promotes health benefits and disease prevention. In this regard, maternal dietary intake of polyphenolic antioxidants is linked to a reduced risk of maternal obesity and cardio-metabolic disorders, positively affecting both the fetus and offspring. In this work, we will gather and critically appraise the current literature highlighting the effect/s of the naturally occurring polyphenol antioxidant resveratrol on oxidative stress, inflammation, and other molecular and physiological phenomena associated with pregnancy and pregnancy conditions, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and preterm labor. The resveratrol impact on prenatal complications and pregnancy-associated structures, such as the fetus and placenta, will also be discussed. Finally, we will draw conclusions from the current knowledge and provide future perspectives on potentially exploiting resveratrol as a therapeutic tool in pregnancy-associated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Ramli
- Departement de Biologie Animale, Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Constantine 25000, Algeria
| | - Anna Maria Posadino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberta Giordo
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai 505055, United Arab Emirates
| | - Grazia Fenu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Manal Fardoun
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, American University of Beirut, Beirut 11-0236, Lebanon
| | - Rabah Iratni
- Department of Biology, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Tarhriz V, Abkhooie L, Sarabi MM. Regulation of HIF-1 by MicroRNAs in Various Cardiovascular Diseases. Curr Cardiol Rev 2023; 19:51-56. [PMID: 37005512 PMCID: PMC10518879 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x19666230330105259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Today, we see an increase in death due to cardiovascular diseases all over the world, which has a lot to do with the regulation of oxygen homeostasis. Also, hypoxia-inducing factor 1 (HIF-1) is considered a vital factor in hypoxia and its physiological and pathological changes. HIF- 1 is involved in cellular activities, including proliferation, differentiation, and cell death in endothelial cells (ECs) and cardiomyocytes. Similar to HIF-1α, which acts as a protective element against various diseases in the cardiovascular system, the protective role of microRNAs (miRNAs) has also been proved using animal models. The number of miRNAs identified in the regulation of gene expression responsive to hypoxia and the importance of investigating the involvement of the non-coding genome in cardiovascular diseases is increasing, which shows the issue's importance. In this study, the molecular regulation of HIF-1 by miRNAs is considered to improve therapeutic approaches in clinical diagnoses of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Tarhriz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Abkhooie
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Mostafa Moradi Sarabi
- Razi Herbal Medicines Research Center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, School of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
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Shi S, Jiang P. Therapeutic potentials of modulating autophagy in pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113967. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Garcia-Padilla C, Lozano-Velasco E, Garcia-Lopez V, Aranega A, Franco D, Garcia-Martinez V, Lopez-Sanchez C. Comparative Analysis of Non-Coding RNA Transcriptomics in Heart Failure. Biomedicines 2022; 10:3076. [PMID: 36551832 PMCID: PMC9775550 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10123076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure constitutes a clinical complex syndrome with different symptomatic characteristics depending on age, sex, race and ethnicity, among others, which has become a major public health issue with an increasing prevalence. One of the most interesting tools seeking to improve prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of this pathology has focused on finding new molecular biomarkers since heart failure relies on deficient cardiac homeostasis, which is regulated by a strict gene expression. Therefore, currently, analyses of non-coding RNA transcriptomics have been oriented towards human samples. The present review develops a comparative study emphasizing the relevance of microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs and circular RNAs as potential biomarkers in heart failure. Significantly, further studies in this field of research are fundamental to supporting their widespread clinical use. In this sense, the various methodologies used by the authors should be standardized, including larger cohorts, homogeneity of the samples and uniformity of the bioinformatic pipelines used to reach stratification and statistical significance of the results. These basic adjustments could provide promising steps to designing novel strategies for clinical management of patients with heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Garcia-Padilla
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Velasco
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Virginio Garcia-Lopez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Amelia Aranega
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Diego Franco
- Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaen, 23071 Jaen, Spain
- Medina Foundation, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Virginio Garcia-Martinez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Carmen Lopez-Sanchez
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Molecular Pathology Biomarkers, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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Martins AF, Neto AC, Rodrigues AR, Oliveira SM, Sousa-Mendes C, Leite-Moreira A, Gouveia AM, Almeida H, Neves D. Metformin Prevents Endothelial Dysfunction in Endometriosis through Downregulation of ET-1 and Upregulation of eNOS. Biomedicines 2022; 10:2782. [PMID: 36359302 PMCID: PMC9687337 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate if the treatment with metformin affects the morphologic structure, endothelial function, angiogenesis, inflammation and oxidation-responsive pathways in the heart of mice with surgically induced endometriosis. B6CBA/F1 mice (n = 37) were divided into four groups; Sham (S), Metformin (M), Endometriosis (E) and Metformin/Endometriosis (ME). The cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes was assessed after Hematoxylin-Eosin staining and fibrosis after Picrosirius-Red staining. ET-1, nitric oxide synthases-iNOS and eNOS, and VEGF and VEGFR-2 were detected by immunofluorescence. Semi-quantification of ET-1, eNOS, VEGF, NF-kB, Ikβα and KEAP-1 was performed by Western blotting. MIR199a, MIR16-1, MIR18a, MIR20a, MIR155, MIR200a, MIR342, MIR24-1 and MIR320a were quantified by Real-Time qPCR. The interaction of endometriosis and metformin effects was assessed by a two-way ANOVA test. Compared with the other groups, M-treated mice presented a higher cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes. Heart fibrosis increased with endometriosis. Treatment of endometriosis with metformin in the ME group downregulates ET-1 and upregulates eNOS expression comparatively with the E group. However, metformin failed to mitigate NF-kB expression significantly incremented by endometriosis. The expression of MIR199a, MIR16-1 and MIR18a decreased with endometriosis, whereas MIR20a showed an equivalent trend, altogether reducing cardioprotection. In summary, metformin diminished endometriosis-associated endothelial dysfunction but did not mitigate the increase in NF-kB expression and cardiac fibrosis in mice with endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Filipa Martins
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Catarina Neto
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adriana Raquel Rodrigues
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Sandra Marisa Oliveira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cláudia Sousa-Mendes
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Adelino Leite-Moreira
- Cardiovascular R&D Centre-UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Maria Gouveia
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Henrique Almeida
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Delminda Neves
- Department of Biomedicine-Experimental Biology Unit, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde (i3S), 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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Dreyfuss AD, Velalopoulou A, Avgousti H, Bell BI, Verginadis II. Preclinical models of radiation-induced cardiac toxicity: Potential mechanisms and biomarkers. Front Oncol 2022; 12:920867. [PMID: 36313656 PMCID: PMC9596809 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.920867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is an important modality in cancer treatment with >50% of cancer patients undergoing RT for curative or palliative intent. In patients with breast, lung, and esophageal cancer, as well as mediastinal malignancies, incidental RT dose to heart or vascular structures has been linked to the development of Radiation-Induced Heart Disease (RIHD) which manifests as ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy, cardiac dysfunction, and heart failure. Despite the remarkable progress in the delivery of radiotherapy treatment, off-target cardiac toxicities are unavoidable. One of the best-studied pathological consequences of incidental exposure of the heart to RT is collagen deposition and fibrosis, leading to the development of radiation-induced myocardial fibrosis (RIMF). However, the pathogenesis of RIMF is still largely unknown. Moreover, there are no available clinical approaches to reverse RIMF once it occurs and it continues to impair the quality of life of long-term cancer survivors. Hence, there is an increasing need for more clinically relevant preclinical models to elucidate the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in the development of RIMF. This review offers an insight into the existing preclinical models to study RIHD and the suggested mechanisms of RIMF, as well as available multi-modality treatments and outcomes. Moreover, we summarize the valuable detection methods of RIHD/RIMF, and the clinical use of sensitive radiographic and circulating biomarkers.
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Behera JK, Bhattacharya M, Mishra P, Mishra A, Dash AA, Kar NB, Behera B, Patra BC. Regulatory role of miRNAs in Wnt signaling pathway linked with cardiovascular diseases. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2022; 3:100133. [PMID: 36568258 PMCID: PMC9780067 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2022.100133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are discovered in science about 23 years ago. These are short, a series of non-coding, single-stranded and evolutionary conserved RNA molecules found in eukaryotic cells. It involved post-transcriptional fine-tune protein expression and repressing the target of mRNA in different biological processes. These miRNAs binds with the 3'-UTR region of specific mRNAs to phosphorylate the mRNA degradation and inhibit the translation process in various tissues. Therefore, aberrant expression in miRNAs induces numerous cardiovascular diseases and developmental defects. Subsequently, the miRNAs and Wnt singling pathway are regulating a cellular process in cardiac development and regeneration, maintain the homeostasis and associated heart diseases. In Wnt signaling pathway majority of the signaling components are expressed and regulated by miRNAs, whereas the inhibition or dysfunction of the Wnt signaling pathway induces cardiovascular diseases. Moreover, inadequate studies about the important role of miRNAs in heart development and diseases through Wnt signaling pathway has been exist still now. For this reason in present review we summarize and update the involvement of miRNAs and the role of Wnt signaling in cardiovascular diseases. We have discussed the mechanism of miRNA functions which regulates the Wnt components in cellular signaling pathway. The fundamental understanding of Wnt signaling regulation and mechanisms of miRNAs is quite essential for study of heart development and related diseases. This approach definitely enlighten the future research to provide a new strategy for formulation of novel therapeutic approaches against cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiban Kumar Behera
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, 756089, Odisha, India
| | - Manojit Bhattacharya
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, 756089, Odisha, India
| | - Pabitra Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, 756089, Odisha, India
| | - Akansha Mishra
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, 756089, Odisha, India
| | - Adya Anindita Dash
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, 756089, Odisha, India
| | - Niladri Bhusan Kar
- Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, 756089, Odisha, India
| | - Bhaskar Behera
- Department of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore, 756089, Odisha, India
| | - Bidhan Chandra Patra
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, 721102, West Bengal, India
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MicroRNA-4732-3p Is Dysregulated in Breast Cancer Patients with Cardiotoxicity, and Its Therapeutic Delivery Protects the Heart from Doxorubicin-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rats. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11101955. [PMID: 36290678 PMCID: PMC9599023 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity is the most severe collateral effect of chemotherapy originated by an excess of oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes that leads to cardiac dysfunction. We assessed clinical data from patients with breast cancer receiving anthracyclines and searched for discriminating microRNAs between patients that developed cardiotoxicity (cases) and those that did not (controls), using RNA sequencing and regression analysis. Serum levels of 25 microRNAs were differentially expressed in cases versus controls within the first year after anthracycline treatment, as assessed by three different regression models (elastic net, Robinson and Smyth exact negative binomial test and random forest). MiR-4732-3p was the only microRNA identified in all regression models and was downregulated in patients that experienced cardiotoxicity. MiR-4732-3p was also present in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts and was modulated by anthracycline treatment. A miR-4732-3p mimic was cardioprotective in cardiac and fibroblast cultures, following doxorubicin challenge, in terms of cell viability and ROS levels. Notably, administration of the miR-4732-3p mimic in doxorubicin-treated rats preserved cardiac function, normalized weight loss, induced angiogenesis, and decreased apoptosis, interstitial fibrosis and cardiac myofibroblasts. At the molecular level, miR-4732-3p regulated genes of TGFβ and Hippo signaling pathways. Overall, the results indicate that miR-4732-3p is a novel biomarker of cardiotoxicity that has therapeutic potential against anthracycline-induced heart damage.
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Reis-Ferreira A, Neto-Mendes J, Brás-Silva C, Lobo L, Fontes-Sousa AP. Emerging Roles of Micrornas in Veterinary Cardiology. Vet Sci 2022; 9:vetsci9100533. [PMID: 36288146 PMCID: PMC9607079 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci9100533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary MicroRNAs are promising novel biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. These molecules are defined as a class of short-sequence non-coding RNAs that influence the expression of numerous genes. The growing understanding of cardiac biology contributed to recognising specific abnormal microRNA expression when diseases are present, which makes them potential biomarkers and therapeutical targets. Recent studies have analysed and discussed microRNA expression in cardiac diseases, such as myxomatous mitral valve disease, which are prevalent in our animal companions. This review summarises the most relevant microRNAs related to cardiovascular diseases in dogs and cats. In addition, it describes microRNA’s basic biology and function and discusses their potential as circulating biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and monitorisation of treatment, as well as their limitations. Although current studies describe microRNA expression in veterinary cardiology, further work is warranted before they are implemented in the clinical setting. Abstract Over the last years, the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) has increasingly been recognised. Each miRNA is a short sequence of non-coding RNA that influences countless genes’ expression and, thereby, contributes to several physiological pathways and diseases. It has been demonstrated that miRNAs participate in the development of many cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). This review synopsises the most recent studies emphasising miRNA’s influence in several CVDs affecting dogs and cats. It provides a concise outline of miRNA’s biology and function, the diagnostic potential of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers, and their role in different CVDs. It also discusses known and future roles for miRNAs as potential clinical biomarkers and therapeutic targets. So, this review gives a comprehensive outline of the most relevant miRNAs related to CVDs in Veterinary Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Reis-Ferreira
- Hospital Veterinário do Porto, Travessa Silva Porto 174, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal
- ICBAS-UP, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Neto-Mendes
- ICBAS-UP, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Brás-Silva
- UnIC@RISE, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Lobo
- Hospital Veterinário do Porto, Travessa Silva Porto 174, 4250-475 Porto, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Campo Grande 376, 1749-024 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Estudos de Ciência Animal, Campus Agrário de Vairão, 4480-009 Vila do Conde, Portugal
| | - Ana Patrícia Fontes-Sousa
- ICBAS-UP, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Imuno-Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Investigação Farmacológica e Inovação Medicamentosa (MedInUP), Universidade do Porto, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- UPVET, Hospital Veterinário da Universidade do Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 132, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
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Chang Y, Huang K, Yang F, Gao Y, Zhang Y, Li S, Liu B, Guo S. Metabolites of chlorogenic acid and its isomers: Metabolic pathways and activities for ameliorating myocardial hypertrophy. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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22
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Takasu T. The Role of SGLT2 Inhibitor Ipragliflozin on Cardiac Hypertrophy and microRNA Expression Profiles in a Non-diabetic Rat Model of Cardiomyopathy. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:1321-1331. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696) ameliorates hyperthyroid-induced cardiac hypertrophy in male rats through modulation of miR-377, let-7 b, autophagy, and fibrotic signaling pathways. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14654. [PMID: 36030321 PMCID: PMC9420135 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18860-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is associated with cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and increased risk of cardiovascular mortality. Sacubitril/valsartan (LCZ696) is a new combined drug that has shown promise for the treatment of hyperthyroidism-associated heart failure; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms, including the contributions of epigenetic regulation, remain unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of LCZ696 and the potential contributions of microRNA regulation in a rat model of hyperthyroidism-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Cardiac hypertrophy was induced by intraperitoneal administration of levothyroxine. Sixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four equal groups (15 rats each): control, cardiac hypertrophy (CH), CH + valsartan, and CH + LCZ696. Treatment with LCZ696 or valsartan significantly improved hemodynamic abnormalities, normalized serum concentrations of natriuretic peptide, fibroblast growth factor-23, and cardiac inflammatory markers compared to CH group rats. Treatment with LCZ696 or valsartan also normalized myocardial expression levels of autophagy markers, fibrotic markers, PPAR-ϒ, mir-377, and let-7b. In addition, both valsartan and LCZ696 ameliorated collagen deposition, ventricular degeneration, and various ultrastructural abnormalities induced by levothyroxine. The beneficial effects of LCZ696 were superior to those of valsartan alone. The superior efficacy of LCZ696 may be explained by the stronger modulation of miR-377 and let-7b.
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Coding and Noncoding Genes Involved in Atrophy and Compensatory Muscle Growth in Nile Tilapia. Cells 2022; 11:cells11162504. [PMID: 36010581 PMCID: PMC9406742 DOI: 10.3390/cells11162504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Improvements in growth-related traits reduce fish time and production costs to reach market size. Feed deprivation and refeeding cycles have been introduced to maximize aquaculture profits through compensatory growth. However, the molecular compensatory growth signature is still uncertain in Nile tilapia. In this study, fish were subjected to two weeks of fasting followed by two weeks of refeeding. The growth curve in refed tilapia was suggestive of a partial compensatory response. Transcriptome profiling of starved and refed fish was conducted to identify genes regulating muscle atrophy and compensatory growth. Pairwise comparisons revealed 5009 and 478 differentially expressed (differential) transcripts during muscle atrophy and recovery, respectively. Muscle atrophy appears to be mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome and autophagy/lysosome systems. Autophagy-related 2A, F-box and WD repeat domain containing 7, F-box only protein 32, miR-137, and miR-153 showed exceptional high expression suggesting them as master regulators of muscle atrophy. On the other hand, the muscle compensatory growth response appears to be mediated by the continuous stimulation of muscle hypertrophy which exceeded normal levels found in control fish. For instance, genes promoting ribosome biogenesis or enhancing the efficiency of translational machinery were upregulated in compensatory muscle growth. Additionally, myogenic microRNAs (e.g., miR-1 and miR-206), and hypertrophy-associated microRNAs (e.g., miR-27a-3p, miR-29c, and miR-29c) were reciprocally expressed to favor hypertrophy during muscle recovery. Overall, the present study provided insights into the molecular mechanisms regulating muscle mass in fish. The study pinpoints extensive growth-related gene networks that could be used to inform breeding programs and also serve as valuable genomic resources for future mechanistic studies.
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Adewuyi JO, Patel R, Abbasciano R, McCann G, Murphy G, Woźniak MJ, Singh A. A systematic review of micro-RNAs in aortic stenosis and cardiac fibrosis. Clin Transl Sci 2022; 15:1809-1817. [PMID: 35579611 PMCID: PMC9372411 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the commonest valve lesion requiring surgery in the Western world. The presence of myocardial fibrosis is associated with mortality even after valve replacement. MicroRNAs could serve as biomarkers of fibrosis and risk stratify patients for earlier intervention. This study aimed to systematically review reports of micro-RNA (miR) associated with fibrosis in AS and identify potential biomarkers. We searched EMBASE, Medline, and Web of Science up to May 2020. Studies that reported on the role of miRs in AS and cardiac fibrosis were included. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Of 4230 reports screened, 25 were included. All studies were of low to moderate quality. MiRs were analyzed in myocardial tissue (n = 10), aortic valve tissue (n = 5), plasma (n = 5), and serum (n = 5). A total of 365 miRs were reported, of which only a few were reported in more than one paper (3 in the myocardium, 5 in the aortic valve, and 1 in plasma). miR-21 was upregulated in plasma and myocardial tissue. MiR-19b was downregulated in the myocardium. Papers reporting myocardial miR-1 contradicted each other, and miR-133a was associated with increased left ventricular mass regression post-surgery. In the aortic valve, miRs-665, 602 and 939 were downregulated, and miRs-193b and 214 were upregulated. The data on miR in fibrosis in AS is scarce and of low to moderate quality. Further studies are needed to identify novel miRs as biomarkers, especially at an earlier asymptomatic phase of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemima Osekafore Adewuyi
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Roshan Patel
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Riccardo Abbasciano
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Gerry P. McCann
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Gavin Murphy
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Marcin J. Woźniak
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
| | - Anvesha Singh
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield HospitalUniversity of LeicesterLeicesterUK
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Giordo R, Wehbe Z, Posadino AM, Erre GL, Eid AH, Mangoni AA, Pintus G. Disease-Associated Regulation of Non-Coding RNAs by Resveratrol: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:894305. [PMID: 35912113 PMCID: PMC9326031 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.894305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There have been significant advances, particularly over the last 20 years, in the identification of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) and their pathophysiological role in a wide range of disease states, particularly cancer and other chronic conditions characterized by excess inflammation and oxidative stress such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, obesity, multiple sclerosis, osteoporosis, liver and lung fibrosis. Such discoveries have potential therapeutic implications as a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underpinning the effects of ncRNAs on critical homeostatic control mechanisms and biochemical pathways might lead to the identification of novel druggable targets. In this context, increasing evidence suggests that several natural compounds can target ncRNAs at different levels and, consequently, influence processes involved in the onset and progression of disease states. The natural phenol resveratrol has been extensively studied for therapeutic purposes in view of its established anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, particularly in disease states such as cancer and cardiovascular disease that are associated with human aging. However, increasing in vitro and in vivo evidence also suggests that resveratrol can directly target various ncRNAs and that this mediates, at least in part, its potential therapeutic effects. This review critically appraises the available evidence regarding the resveratrol-mediated modulation of different ncRNAs in a wide range of disease states characterized by a pro-inflammatory state and oxidative stress, the potential therapeutic applications, and future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Giordo
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Zena Wehbe
- Vascular Biology Research Centre, Molecular and Clinical Research Institute, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gian Luca Erre
- Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital (AOUSS) and University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Ali H. Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Q.U. Health. Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Arduino A. Mangoni
- Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, SA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Arduino A. Mangoni, ; Gianfranco Pintus,
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- *Correspondence: Arduino A. Mangoni, ; Gianfranco Pintus,
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27
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Li J, Sha Z, Zhu X, Xu W, Yuan W, Yang T, Jin B, Yan Y, Chen R, Wang S, Yao J, Xu J, Wang Z, Li G, Das S, Yang L, Xiao J. Targeting miR-30d reverses pathological cardiac hypertrophy. EBioMedicine 2022; 81:104108. [PMID: 35752105 PMCID: PMC9240797 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2022.104108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pathological cardiac hypertrophy occurs in response to numerous stimuli and precedes heart failure (HF). Therapies that ameliorate pathological cardiac hypertrophy are highly needed. Methods The expression level of miR-30d was analyzed in hypertrophy models and serum of patients with chronic heart failure by qRT-PCR. Gain and loss-of-function experiments of miR-30d were performed in vitro. miR-30d gain of function were performed in vivo. Bioinformatics, western blot, luciferase assay, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence were performed to examine the molecular mechanisms of miR-30d. Findings miR-30d was decreased in both murine and neonatal rat cardiomyocytes (NRCMs) models of hypertrophy. miR-30d overexpression ameliorated phenylephrine (PE) and angiotensin II (Ang II) induced hypertrophy in NRCMs, whereas the opposite phenotype was observed when miR-30d was downregulated. Consistently, the miR-30d transgenic rat was found to protect against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced pathological hypertrophy. Mechanistically, methyltransferase EZH2 could promote H3K27me3 methylation in the promotor region of miR-30d and suppress its expression during the pathological cardiac hypertrophy. miR-30d prevented pathological cardiac hypertrophy via negatively regulating its target genes MAP4K4 and GRP78 and inhibiting pro-hypertrophic nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT). Adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 9 mediated-miR-30d overexpression exhibited beneficial effects in murine hypertrophic model. Notably, miR-30d was reduced in serum of patients with chronic heart failure and miR-30d overexpression could significantly ameliorate pathological hypertrophy in human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes. Interpretation Overexpression of miR-30d may be a potential approach to treat pathological cardiac hypertrophy. Funding This work was supported by the grants from National Key Research and Development Project (2018YFE0113500 to J Xiao), National Natural Science Foundation of China (82020108002 to J Xiao, 81900359 to J Li), the grant from Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (20DZ2255400 and 21XD1421300 to J Xiao, 22010500200 to J Li), Shanghai Sailing Program (19YF1416400 to J Li), the “Dawn” Program of Shanghai Education Commission (19SG34 to J Xiao), the “Chen Guang” project supported by the Shanghai Municipal Education Commission and Shanghai Education Development Foundation (19CG45 to J Li).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Zhao Sha
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xiaolan Zhu
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Wanru Xu
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Weilin Yuan
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Tingting Yang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Bing Jin
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Yuwei Yan
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Siqi Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jianhua Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Jiahong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200065, China
| | - Zitong Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medical Science, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Guoping Li
- Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Saumya Das
- Cardiovascular Division of the Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Liming Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University-Daqing, Daqing, 163319, China.
| | - Junjie Xiao
- Institute of Geriatrics (Shanghai University), Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University (The Sixth People's Hospital of Nantong), School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Nantong 226011, China; Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Science, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
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Zhao L, Qi F, Du D, Wu N. Histone demethylase KDM3C regulates the lncRNA GAS5-miR-495-3p-PHF8 axis in cardiac hypertrophy. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1516:286-299. [PMID: 35777757 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy (CH) is a pathological phenotype of cardiomyopathy. Epigenetic modification is a mechanism associated with CH. Our study here investigated the histone demethylase KDM3C in relation to epigenetic regulation in CH. We found that KDM3C mRNA silencing alleviated CH, as evidenced by reduced ANP, BNP, and β-MHC mRNAs, increased α-MHC mRNA, decreased cell surface area, and reduced cellular protein/DNA ratios. Specifically, KDM3C upregulated miR-200c-3p expression through demethylation of H3K9me2, leading to enhanced binding of miR-200c-3p to GAS5 and suppression of GAS5 expression; these effects then led to reduced binding of GAS5 to miR-495-3p, increased miR-495-3p expression, and repression of PHF8 transcription. Through these mechanisms, our data indicate that KDM3C-dependent epigenetic modification promotes CH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Qi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Dongdong Du
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Naishi Wu
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
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29
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Pyrazole-Curcumin Suppresses Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Disrupting the CDK9/CyclinT1 Complex. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061269. [PMID: 35745840 PMCID: PMC9227296 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The intrinsic histone acetyltransferase (HAT), p300, has an important role in the development and progression of heart failure. Curcumin (CUR), a natural p300-specific HAT inhibitor, suppresses hypertrophic responses and prevents deterioration of left-ventricular systolic function in heart-failure models. However, few structure–activity relationship studies on cardiomyocyte hypertrophy using CUR have been conducted. To evaluate if prenylated pyrazolo curcumin (PPC) and curcumin pyrazole (PyrC) can suppress cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, cultured cardiomyocytes were treated with CUR, PPC, or PyrC and then stimulated with phenylephrine (PE). PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was inhibited by PyrC but not PPC at a lower concentration than CUR. Western blotting showed that PyrC suppressed PE-induced histone acetylation. However, an in vitro HAT assay showed that PyrC did not directly inhibit p300-HAT activity. As Cdk9 phosphorylates both RNA polymerase II and p300 and increases p300-HAT activity, the effects of CUR and PyrC on the kinase activity of Cdk9 were examined. Phosphorylation of p300 by Cdk9 was suppressed by PyrC. Immunoprecipitation-WB showed that PyrC inhibits Cdk9 binding to CyclinT1 in cultured cardiomyocytes. PyrC may prevent cardiomyocyte hypertrophic responses by indirectly suppressing both p300-HAT activity and RNA polymerase II transcription elongation activity via inhibition of Cdk9 kinase activity.
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30
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Lee JS, Kim GH, Lee JH, Ryu JY, Oh EJ, Kim HM, Kwak S, Hur K, Chung HY. MicroRNA-365a/b-3p as a Potential Biomarker for Hypertrophic Scars. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116117. [PMID: 35682793 PMCID: PMC9181131 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The clinical aspects of hypertrophic scarring vary according to personal constitution and body part. However, the mechanism of hypertrophic scar (HS) formation remains unclear. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are known to contribute to HS formation, however, their detailed role remains unknown. In this study, candidate miRNAs were identified and analyzed as biomarkers of hypertrophic scarring for future clinical applications. HSfibroblasts and normal skin fibroblasts from patients were used for profiling and validation of miRNAs. An HS mouse model with xenografted human skin on nude mice was established. The miRNA expression between normal human, normal mouse, and mouse HS skin tissues was compared. Circulating miRNA expression levels in the serum of normal mice and mice with HSs were also analyzed. Ten upregulated and twenty-one downregulated miRNAs were detected. Among these, miR-365a/b-3p and miR-16-5p were identified as candidate miRNAs with statistically significant differences; miR-365a/b-3p was significantly upregulated (p = 0.0244). In mouse studies, miR-365a/b-3p expression levels in skin tissue and serum were higher in mice with HSs than in the control group. These results indicate that miRNAs contribute to hypertrophic scarring and that miR-365a/b-3p may be considered a potential biomarker for HS formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Seok Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Gyeong Hwa Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Jong Ho Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Jeong Yeop Ryu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
| | - Eun Jung Oh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Hyun Mi Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
| | - Suin Kwak
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Science for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
| | - Keun Hur
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Science for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (H.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-53-420-4821 (K.H.); +82-53-420-5692 (H.Y.C.); Fax: +82-53-422-1466 (K.H.); +82-53-425-3879 (H.Y.C.)
| | - Ho Yun Chung
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea; (J.S.L.); (J.H.L.); (J.Y.R.); (E.J.O.); (H.M.K.)
- CMRI, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Science for Creative Future Talents, Department of Biomedical Science, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41199, Korea;
- Kyungpook National University Bio-Medical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41944, Korea
- Correspondence: (K.H.); (H.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-53-420-4821 (K.H.); +82-53-420-5692 (H.Y.C.); Fax: +82-53-422-1466 (K.H.); +82-53-425-3879 (H.Y.C.)
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Abstract
Healthcare is undergoing large transformations, and it is imperative to leverage new technologies to support the advent of personalized medicine and disease prevention. It is now well accepted that the levels of certain biological molecules found in blood and other bodily fluids, as well as in exhaled breath, are an indication of the onset of many human diseases and reflect the health status of the person. Blood, urine, sweat, or saliva biomarkers can therefore serve in early diagnosis of diseases such as cancer, but also in monitoring disease progression, detecting metabolic disfunctions, and predicting response to a given therapy. For most point-of-care sensors, the requirement that patients themselves can use and apply them is crucial not only regarding the diagnostic part, but also at the sample collection level. This has stimulated the development of such diagnostic approaches for the non-invasive analysis of disease-relevant analytes. Considering these timely efforts, this review article focuses on novel, sensitive, and selective sensing systems for the detection of different endogenous target biomarkers in bodily fluids as well as in exhaled breath, which are associated with human diseases.
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32
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Lopes ECP, Paim LR, Carvalho-Romano LFRS, Marques ER, Minin EOZ, Vegian CFL, Pio-Magalhães JA, Velloso LA, Coelho-Filho OR, Sposito AC, Matos-Souza JR, Nadruz W, Schreiber R. Relationship Between Circulating MicroRNAs and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Hypertensive Patients. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:798954. [PMID: 35498018 PMCID: PMC9043518 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.798954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a common complication of hypertension and microRNAs (miRNAs) are considered to play an important role in cardiac hypertrophy development. This study evaluated the relationship between circulating miRNAs and LVH in hypertensive patients. Methods Two cohorts [exploratory (n = 42) and validation (n = 297)] of hypertensive patients were evaluated by clinical, laboratory and echocardiography analysis. The serum expression of 754 miRNAs in the exploratory cohort and 6 miRNAs in the validation cohort was evaluated by the TaqMan OpenArray® system and quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Results Among the 754 analyzed miRNAs, ten miRNAs (miR-30a-5p, miR-let7c, miR-92a, miR-451, miR-145-5p, miR-185, miR-338, miR-296, miR-375, and miR-10) had differential expression between individuals with and without LVH in the exploratory cohort. Results of multivariable regression analysis adjusted for confounding variables showed that three miRNAs (miR-145-5p, miR-451, and miR-let7c) were independently associated with LVH and left ventricular mass index in the validation cohort. Functional enrichment analysis demonstrated that these three miRNAs can regulate various genes and pathways related to cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, in vitro experiments using cardiac myocytes demonstrated that miR-145-5p mimic transfection up-regulated the expression of brain and atrial natriuretic peptide genes, which are markers of cardiac hypertrophy, while anti-miR-145-5p transfection abrogated the expression of these genes in response to norepinephrine stimulus. Conclusions Our data demonstrated that circulating levels of several miRNAs, in particular miR-145-5p, miR-451, and let7c, were associated with LVH in hypertensive patients, indicating that these miRNAS may be potential circulating biomarkers or involved in hypertension-induced LV remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisangela C P Lopes
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Layde R Paim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luís F R S Carvalho-Romano
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Edmilson R Marques
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eduarda O Z Minin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila F L Vegian
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José A Pio-Magalhães
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lício A Velloso
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Otavio R Coelho-Filho
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrei C Sposito
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Matos-Souza
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roberto Schreiber
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Ghosh A, Ranjan N, Jiang L, Ansari AH, Degyatoreva N, Ahluwalia S, Arya DP, Maiti S. Fine-tuning miR-21 expression and inhibition of EMT in breast cancer cells using aromatic-neomycin derivatives. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 27:685-698. [PMID: 35070496 PMCID: PMC8763640 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) are a class of endogenously expressed non-coding RNAs that negatively regulate gene expression within cells and participate in maintaining cellular homeostasis. By targeting 3' UTRs of target genes, individual miRs can control a wide array of gene expressions. Previous research has shed light upon the fact that aberrantly expressed miRs within cells can pertain to diseased conditions, such as cancer. Malignancies caused due to miRs are because of the high expression of onco-miRs or feeble expression of tumor-suppressing miRs. Studies have also shown miRs to engage in epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), which allows cancer cells to become more invasive and metastasize. miR-21 is an onco-miR highly expressed in breast cancer cells and targets protein PTEN, which abrogates EMT. Therefore, we discuss an approach where in-house-developed peptidic amino sugar molecules have been used to target pre-miR-21 to inhibit miR-21 biogenesis, and hence antagonize its tumor-causing effect and inhibit EMT. Our study shows that small-molecule-based fine-tuning of miR expression can cause genotypic as well as phenotypic changes and also reinstates the potential and importance of nucleic acid therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Ghosh
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, Delhi 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nihar Ranjan
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Liuwei Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Asgar Hussain Ansari
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, Delhi 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Shivaksh Ahluwalia
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, Delhi 110025, India.,Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, Delhi 110016, India
| | - Dev P Arya
- Department of Chemistry, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.,NUBAD LLC, Greenville, SC 29605, USA
| | - Souvik Maiti
- CSIR-Institute of Genomics & Integrative Biology, Mathura Road, Delhi 110025, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR- Human Resource Development Centre (CSIR-HRDC) Campus, Sector 19, Kamla Nehru Nagar, Ghaziabad 201 002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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34
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Tu S, Wang XY, Zeng LX, Shen ZJ, Zhang ZH. LncRNA TINCR improves cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the miR-211-3p-VEGFB-SDF-1α-CXCR4 pathway. J Transl Med 2022; 102:253-262. [PMID: 34732848 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00678-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy is a common cardiovascular disease that is found worldwide and is characterized by heart enlargement, eventually resulting in heart failure. Exploring the regulatory mechanism of cardiac hypertrophy is beneficial for understanding its pathogenesis and treatment. In our study, we have showed TINCR was downregulated and miR-211-3p was upregulated in TAC- or Ang II-induced models of cardiac hypertrophy. Dual luciferase and RIP assays revealed that TINCR served as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-211-3p. Then, we observed that knockdown of miR-211-3p alleviated TAC- or Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that miR-211-3p directly targeted VEGFB and thus regulated the expression of SDF-1α and CXCR4. Rescue assays further confirmed that TINCR suppressed the progression of cardiac hypertrophy by competitively binding to miR-211-3p, thereby enhancing the expression of VEGFB and activating the VEGFB-SDF-1α- CXCR4 signal. Furthermore, overexpression of TINCR suppressed TAC-induced cardiac hypertrophy in vivo by targeting miR-211-3p-VEGFB-SDF-1α- CXCR4 signalling. In conclusion, our research suggests that LncRNA TINCR improves cardiac hypertrophy by targeting miR-211-3p, thus relieving its suppressive effects on the VEGFB-SDF-1α-CXCR4 signalling axis. TINCR and miR-211-3p might act as therapeutic targets for the treatment of cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Tu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Li-Xiong Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Jie Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangya Third Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan Province, China.
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Samolovac S, Hinkel R. Locked Nucleic Acid AntimiR Therapy for the Heart. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2573:159-169. [PMID: 36040593 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2707-5_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in industrialized nations. Even though revascularization strategies improved the outcome of patients after acute myocardial infarction, about 30% of patients develop chronic heart failure. Ischemic heart disease and heart failure are characterized by an adverse remodeling of the heart, featuring cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, increased fibrosis, and capillary rarefaction. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches for the treatment of heart failure, such as reducing ischemia/reperfusion injury, fibrosis, or hypertrophy, are needed. Here microRNAs (miRNAs) come into play. For heart failure, cardiac stress and several cardiovascular diseases, individual miRNAs, and whole miRNA clusters have been implicated as disease relevant and dysregulated. miRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules of about 22 nucleotides, and their inhibitors are 8-15 nucleotides long plus a sugar-ring (LNA, locked nucleid acid) or cholesterol ending (AntagomiR). Modulation of miRNAs might serve as therapeutic targets through miRNA knockdown or overexpression via miRNA mimics. Due to their pleiotropic mode of action and the presence of individual miRNAs in a variety of tissues and cells, a local, target region-oriented application is important to achieve therapeutic effects and at the same time reducing adverse effects in other off-target organs and tissues. Due to their small size, the miRNA inhibitors are able to pass endothelial barrier at both arterial and venous sides of the bloodstream vessels. For these reasons, the gold standard administration route of miRNA modulators for therapeutic approaches of the left ventricle is the anterograde application into one or both coronary arteries via an over-the-wire (OTW) balloon. In this chapter we provide a comprehensive description of the anterograde application procedure in a large animal model such as pig. Of a particular note, this methodology is a standard procedure in catheter laboratories, a key characteristic that allows therapeutic translation from large animals to patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rabea Hinkel
- Deutsches Primatenzentrum GmbH, Göttingen, Germany.
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Spironolactone Inhibits Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy by Regulating the Ca 2+/Calcineurin/p-NFATc3 Pathway. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2021; 2021:3843830. [PMID: 34956570 PMCID: PMC8702305 DOI: 10.1155/2021/3843830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the protective effect and molecular mechanism of spironolactone in isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In this study, primary cardiomyocytes were extracted from the heart of neonatal rats. After stable culture, they were processed with isoproterenol alone or isoproterenol (10 μM) combined with different doses (low dose of 10 μM and high dose of 50 μM), and the cellular activity was determined by MTT experiment. The volume of cells was measured with an inverted microscope and CIAS-1000 cell image analysis system. The mRNA expression levels of ANP and BNP in cells were explored by RT-qPCR. The levels of ANP and BNP proteins and NFATc3 phosphorylation in the nucleus were detected by western blot. The extracellular Ca2+ concentration and CaN activity were measured by colorimetry with the kit. Isoproterenol significantly enlarged the volume of cardiomyocytes (p < 0.001), upregulated mRNA and expression levels of ANP and BNP proteins (p < 0.001), increased extracellular Ca2+ concentration and CaN activity (p < 0.001), and upregulated NFATc3 phosphorylation in the nucleus (p < 0.001). The volume of cells treated with isoproterenol combined with different doses of spironolactone significantly decreased compared with those treated with isoproterenol alone (p < 0.001). mRNA and expression levels of ANP and BNP proteins downregulated significantly (p < 0.001). The extracellular Ca2+ (p < 0.01) concentration and CaN activity (p < 0.001) decreased significantly, and NFATc3 phosphorylation in the nucleus downregulated significantly (p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in cell volume (p=0.999), ANP and BNP mRNA (p=0.695), expression levels of proteins, CaN activity (0.154), and NFATc3 phosphorylation in the nucleus between the cells treated with isoproterenol combined with high-dose spironolactone and those in the control group. In conclusion, spironolactone can reverse isoproterenol-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by inhibiting the Ca2+/CaN/NFATc3 pathway.
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Osmak G, Baulina N, Kiselev I, Favorova O. MiRNA-Regulated Pathways for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: Network-Based Approach to Insight into Pathogenesis. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12122016. [PMID: 34946964 PMCID: PMC8701189 DOI: 10.3390/genes12122016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common hereditary heart disease. The wide spread of high-throughput sequencing casts doubt on its monogenic nature, suggesting the presence of mechanisms of HCM development independent from mutations in sarcomeric genes. From this point of view, HCM may arise from the interactions of several HCM-associated genes, and from disturbance of regulation of their expression. We developed a bioinformatic workflow to study the involvement of signaling pathways in HCM development through analyzing data on human heart-specific gene expression, miRNA-target gene interactions, and protein-protein interactions, available in open databases. Genes regulated by a pool of miRNAs contributing to human cardiac hypertrophy, namely hsa-miR-1-3p, hsa-miR-19b-3p, hsa-miR-21-5p, hsa-miR-29a-3p, hsa-miR-93-5p, hsa-miR-133a-3p, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-199a-3p, hsa-miR-221-3p, hsa-miR-222-3p, hsa-miR-451a, and hsa-miR-497-5p, were considered. As a result, we pinpointed a module of TGFβ-mediated SMAD signaling pathways, enriched by targets of the selected miRNAs, that may contribute to the cardiac remodeling in HCM. We suggest that the developed network-based approach could be useful in providing a more accurate glimpse on pathological processes in the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- German Osmak
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disorders, National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (N.B.); (I.K.); (O.F.)
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence:
| | - Natalia Baulina
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disorders, National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (N.B.); (I.K.); (O.F.)
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan Kiselev
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disorders, National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (N.B.); (I.K.); (O.F.)
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Favorova
- Laboratory of Functional Genomics of Cardiovascular Disorders, National Medical Research Center for Cardiology, 121552 Moscow, Russia; (N.B.); (I.K.); (O.F.)
- Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
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Pan J, Xu Z, Guo G, Xu C, Song Z, Li K, Zhong K, Wang D. Circ_nuclear factor I X (circNfix) attenuates pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy via regulating miR-145-5p/ATF3 axis. Bioengineered 2021; 12:5373-5385. [PMID: 34468254 PMCID: PMC8806771 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1960462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy can cause heart failure. However, the mechanisms underlying the progression of cardiac hypertrophy remain unclear. Emerging evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) play a critical role in cardiac hypertrophy. However, the association between circ_nuclear factor I X (circNfix) and cardiac hypertrophy remain largely unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore the role of circNfix in cardiac hypertrophy. In order to detect the function of circNfix in cardiac hypertrophy, cardiomyocytes were stimulated with angiotensin II (Ang II) to mimic the pathogenesis of the disease. In addition, pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse model was established using transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery. The mechanism via which circNfix regulated cardiac hypertrophy was investigated using RNA pull-down and luciferase reporter assays, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). circNfix was downregulated in Ang II-treated cardiomyocytes. Similarly, circNfix expression was markedly downregulated in mice following TAC surgery. In addition, circNfix overexpression significantly prevented the progression of cardiac hypertrophy in TAC-treated mice. Luciferase activity and RNA pull-down assays indicated that circNfix could indirectly target activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) by binding with microRNA (miR)-145-5p in cardiomyocytes. miR-145-5p overexpression or ATF3 knockdown could reverse the effects of circNfix in Ang II-treated mouse cardiomyocytes. circNfix attenuated pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy by regulating the miR-145-5p/ATF3 axis. Therefore, circNfix may serve as a molecular target for cardiac hypertrophy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Pan
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhenjun Xu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guanjun Guo
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Can Xu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhizhao Song
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kunsheng Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongjin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Gao L, Li T, Li S, Song Z, Chang Y, Yuan L. Schisandrin A protects against isoproterenol‑induced chronic heart failure via miR‑155. Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:24. [PMID: 34812475 PMCID: PMC8630813 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Schisandrin A (Sch A) has a protective effect on cardiomyocytes. Circulating miR-155 levels are related to chronic heart failure (CHF). The present study aimed to clarify the role and the molecular mechanism of Sch A in CHF. C57BL/6JGpt mice were used for an isoproterenol (ISO)-induced CHF model to collect heart samples. Echocardiography was employed to detect heartbeat indicators. The degree of myocardial hypertrophy was evaluated based on the measurement of heart weight (HW), body weight (BW) and tibia length (TL) and the observation using hematoxylin-eosin staining. Sprague-Dawley rats were purchased for the separation of neonatal rat ventricular myocytes (NRVMs), which were treated with ISO for 24 h. Transfection regulated the level of miR-155. The viability of NRVMs was detected via MTT assay. The mRNA and protein levels were measured via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and western blotting and immunofluorescence was used to detect the content of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA). Treatment with ISO resulted in rising left ventricular posterior wall thickness, intra-ventricular septum diastole, left ventricular end diastolic diameter, left ventricular end systolic diameter, HW/BW, HW/TL and falling ejection fraction and fractional shortening, the trend of which could be reversed by Sch A. Sch A ameliorated myocardial hypertrophy in CHF mice. In addition, Sch A inhibited ISO-induced upregulated expressions of atrial natriuretic peptide, B-type natriuretic peptide, B-myosin heavy chain and miR-155 in myocardial tissue. Based on the results in vitro, Sch A had no significant effect on the viability of NRVMs when its concentration was <24 µmol/l. Sch A inhibited the levels of miR-155, α-SMA and the phosphorylation levels of AKT and cyclic AMP response-element binding protein (CREB) in ISO-induced NRVMs, which was reversed by the upregulation of miR-155. Schisandrin A mediated the AKT/CREB signaling pathway to prevent CHF by regulating the expression of miR-155, which may shed light on a possible therapeutic target for CHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Gao
- Medical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Ting Li
- Medical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Shufen Li
- Medical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Zhuohui Song
- Medical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Yongli Chang
- Medical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Li Yuan
- Medical College, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
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Kennel PJ, Schulze PC. A Review on the Evolving Roles of MiRNA-Based Technologies in Diagnosing and Treating Heart Failure. Cells 2021; 10:cells10113191. [PMID: 34831414 PMCID: PMC8617680 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNA-regulated processes are pivotal in cardiovascular homeostasis and disease. These short non-coding RNAs have ideal properties that could be utilized as potential biomarkers; moreover, their functions as post-transcriptional regulators of mRNA make them interesting therapeutic targets. In this review, we summarize the current state of miRNA-based biomarkers in a variety of diseases leading to heart failure, as well as provide an outlook on developing miRNA-based therapies in the heart failure field.
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Gupta MK, Sahu A, Sun Y, Mohan ML, Kumar A, Zalavadia A, Wang X, Martelli EE, Stenson K, Witherow CP, Drazba J, Dasarathy S, Naga Prasad SV. Cardiac expression of microRNA-7 is associated with adverse cardiac remodeling. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22018. [PMID: 34759299 PMCID: PMC8581024 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00778-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Although microRNA-7 (miRNA-7) is known to regulate proliferation of cancer cells by targeting Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB) family, less is known about its role in cardiac physiology. Transgenic (Tg) mouse with cardiomyocyte-specific overexpression of miRNA-7 was generated to determine its role in cardiac physiology and pathology. Echocardiography on the miRNA-7 Tg mice showed cardiac dilation instead of age-associated physiological cardiac hypertrophy observed in non-Tg control mice. Subjecting miRNA-7 Tg mice to transverse aortic constriction (TAC) resulted in cardiac dilation associated with increased fibrosis bypassing the adaptive cardiac hypertrophic response to TAC. miRNA-7 expression in cardiomyocytes resulted in significant loss of ERBB2 expression with no changes in ERBB1 (EGFR). Cardiac proteomics in the miRNA-7 Tg mice showed significant reduction in mitochondrial membrane structural proteins compared to NTg reflecting role of miRNA-7 beyond the regulation of EGFR/ERRB in mediating cardiac dilation. Consistently, electron microscopy showed that miRNA-7 Tg hearts had disorganized rounded mitochondria that was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. These findings show that expression of miRNA-7 in the cardiomyocytes results in cardiac dilation instead of adaptive hypertrophic response during aging or to TAC providing insights on yet to be understood role of miRNA-7 in cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manveen K Gupta
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Anita Sahu
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Maradumane L Mohan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Avinash Kumar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Ajaykumar Zalavadia
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Elizabeth E Martelli
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Kate Stenson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Conner P Witherow
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Judy Drazba
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Srinivasan Dasarathy
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Sathyamangla V Naga Prasad
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
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Fan P, Zhang L, Cheng T, Wang J, Zhou J, Zhao L, Hua C, Xia Q. MiR-590-5p inhibits pathological hypertrophy mediated heart failure by targeting RTN4. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:955-964. [PMID: 34406553 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is a rising epidemic and public health burden in modern society. It is of great need to find new biomarkers to ensure a timely diagnosis and to improve treatment and prognosis of the disease. The mouse model of HF was established by thoracic aortic constriction. Color Doppler ultrasound was performed to detect left ventricular end-diastolic diameter. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was conducted to observe the pathological changes of mouse myocardium. The RT-qPCR analysis was performed to detect miR-590-5p and RTN4 expression levels. Western blot was conducted to detect protein levels of the indicated genes. We found that the expression of miR-590-5p was downregulated in cardiac tissues of HF mice. Injection of AAV-miR-590-5p attenuated myocardium hypertrophy and myocyte apoptosis. Additionally, miR-590-5p overexpression promoted viability, inhibited apoptosis, and decreased ANF, BNP and beta-MHC protein levels in H9c2 cell. Mechanistically, miR-590-5p binds to RTN4 3'-untranslated region, as predicted by starBase online database and evidenced by luciferase reporter assay. Furthermore, miR-590-5p negatively regulates RTN4 mRNA expression and suppresses its translation. The final rescue experiments revealed that miR-590-5p modulated cardiomyocyte phenotypes by binding to RTN4. In conclusion, miR-590-5p modulates myocardium hypertrophy and myocyte apoptosis in HF by downregulating RTN4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Air Force Hospital From Eastern Theater, Qinhuai District, No. 1, Malu Street, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Likun Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Air Force Hospital From Eastern Theater, Qinhuai District, No. 1, Malu Street, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tianyu Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Air Force Hospital From Eastern Theater, Qinhuai District, No. 1, Malu Street, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Air Force Hospital From Eastern Theater, Qinhuai District, No. 1, Malu Street, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu, China
- Department of General Practice, Confucius Temple Community Health Service Center, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junyun Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Air Force Hospital From Eastern Theater, Qinhuai District, No. 1, Malu Street, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Air Force Hospital From Eastern Theater, Qinhuai District, No. 1, Malu Street, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cuie Hua
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Air Force Hospital From Eastern Theater, Qinhuai District, No. 1, Malu Street, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Quan Xia
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Air Force Hospital From Eastern Theater, Qinhuai District, No. 1, Malu Street, Nanjing, 210001, Jiangsu, China.
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Zeng J, Wang L, Zhao J, Zheng Z, Peng J, Zhang W, Wen T, Nie J, Ding L, Yi D. MiR-100-5p regulates cardiac hypertrophy through activation of autophagy by targeting mTOR. Hum Cell 2021; 34:1388-1397. [PMID: 34138410 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-021-00566-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Autophagy has been proved to play a vital role in cardiac hypertrophy. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between miR-100-5p and autophagy in the development of cardiac hypertrophy. Here, miR-100-5p expression was detected in abdominal aortic coarctation (AAC)-induced cardiac hypertrophy rats and Angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated cardiomyocytes. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed to explore the function of miR-100-5p on autophagy and cardiac hypertrophy. We also investigated the mechanism of miR-100-5p on autophagy with dual-luciferase reporter assays, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP), quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blot, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results showed that miR-100-5p was highly expressed in hypertrophic hearts and Ang II-induced cardiomyocytes. Overexpression of miR-100-5p promoted the expression of cardiac hypertrophy markers ANP, BNP and β-MHC and cell surface area, while those were suppressed by miR-100-5p inhibitor. Knockdown of miR-100-5p by antagomiR significantly improves cardiac function and attenuate cardiac hypertrophy in vivo. Mechanistic investigation has found that miR-100-5p promote autophagy by targeting mTOR. Inhibition of autophagy by 3-methyladenine (3-MA) or mTOR overexpression could reverse the function of miR-100-5p in cardiac hypertrophy. These results elucidate that miR-100-5p promoted the pathogenesis of cardiac hypertrophy through autophagy activation by targeting mTOR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
- Jiangxi Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Liang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jianqing Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zeqi Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
- Jiangxi Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jingtian Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wan Zhang
- Jiangxi Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Tong Wen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jungang Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lu Ding
- Jiangxi Hypertension Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
| | - Dasong Yi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, 330006, Jiangxi, China
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MicroRNA-590-3p relieves hypoxia/reoxygenation induced cardiomyocytes apoptosis and autophagy by targeting HIF-1α. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1077. [PMID: 34447470 PMCID: PMC8355641 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy and apoptosis are key factors in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) participate in occurrence and development of myocardial I/R injury by regulating autophagy and apoptosis. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of miR-590-3p in the regulation of autophagy and apoptosis in hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-treated cardiomyocytes. Following 6 h hypoxia and 6 h reoxygenation in primary rat cardiomyocytes, miR-590-3p was downregulated. Transfection of miR-590-3p mimic inhibited the increased autophagy and apoptosis following H/R treatment. Subsequent experiments demonstrated that miR-590-3p regulated induction of autophagy and apoptosis by targeting hypoxia inducible factor (HIF)-1α. Forced expression of HIF-1α rescued the protective effect of miR-590-3p on H/R-induced cardiomyocytes. In summary, the present study showed that miR-590-3p exhibited a protective effect on H/R-induced cardiomyocyte injury and may be a novel target for the treatment of myocardial ischemia disease.
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Shi H, Li H, Zhang F, Xue H, Zhang Y, Han Q. MiR-26a-5p alleviates cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction via targeting ADAM17. Cell Biol Int 2021; 45:2357-2367. [PMID: 34370360 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac hypertrophy has been a high prevalence rate throughout the world. It has posed a big threat to public health due to limited therapeutic approaches. Previous studies showed that pathological cardiac hypertrophy was associated with autophagy, microRNAs (miRNA), and other signaling pathways, while the molecular mechanisms remain incompletely characterized. In this study, we used thoracic aortic constriction (TAC)-induced mice and angiotensin-II (Ang-II)-induced H9C2 cell line as cardiac hypertrophy model to investigate the role of miR-26a-5p in cardiac hypertrophy. We found that miR-26a-5p was downregulated in cardiac hypertrophy mice. Overexpression of miR-26a-5p by type 9 recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV9) reversed the heart hypertrophic manifestations. The phenotypes were also promoted by miR-26a-5p inhibitor in Ang-II-induced H9C2 cells. Through miRNA profile analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assay, ADAM17 was identified as a direct target of miR-26a-5p. Restored expression of ADAM17 disrupted the effect of miR-26a-5p on cardiac hypertrophy. To sum up, these results indicated that miR-26a-5p played an inhibitory role in cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction via targeting ADAM17. The miR-26a-5p-ADAM17-cardiac hypertrophy axis provided special insight and a new molecular mechanism for a better understanding of cardiac hypertrophy disease, as well as the diagnostic and therapeutic practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Honghong Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
| | - Qinghua Han
- Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, PR China
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Mao Q, Wu S, Peng C, Peng B, Luo X, Huang L, Zhang H. Interactions between the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and PCAF play a key role in PE‑induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Mol Med Rep 2021; 24:636. [PMID: 34278478 PMCID: PMC8281443 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy is a compensatory phase of chronic heart failure that is induced by the activation of multiple signaling pathways. The extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK) signaling pathway is an important regulator of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. In our previous study, it was demonstrated that phenylephrine (PE)-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy involves the hyperacetylation of histone H3K9ac by P300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF). However, the upstream signaling pathway has yet to be fully identified. In the present study, the role of the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)1/2 signaling pathway in PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was investigated. The mice cardiomyocyte hypertrophy model was successfully established by treating cells with PE in vitro. The results showed that phospho-(p-)ERK1/2 interacted with PCAF and modified the pattern of histone H3K9ac acetylation. An ERK inhibitor (U0126) and/or a histone acetylase inhibitor (anacardic acid; AA) attenuated the overexpression of phospho-ERK1/2 and H3K9ac hyperacetylation by inhibiting the expression of PCAF in PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Moreover, U0126 and/or AA could attenuate the overexpression of several biomarker genes related to cardiac hypertrophy (myocyte enhancer factor 2C, atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide and β-myosin heavy chain) and prevented cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. These results revealed a novel mechanism in that AA protects against PE-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in mice via the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, and by modifying the acetylation of H3K9ac. These findings may assist in the development of novel methods for preventing and treating hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Mao
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Shuqi Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Chang Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Bohui Peng
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomei Luo
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Lixin Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
| | - Huanting Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, P.R. China
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Hupfeld J, Ernst M, Knyrim M, Binas S, Kloeckner U, Rabe S, Quarch K, Misiak D, Fuszard M, Grossmann C, Gekle M, Schreier B. miR-208b Reduces the Expression of Kcnj5 in a Cardiomyocyte Cell Line. Biomedicines 2021; 9:719. [PMID: 34201741 PMCID: PMC8301481 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) contribute to different aspects of cardiovascular pathology, among them cardiac hypertrophy and atrial fibrillation. Cardiac miR expression was analyzed in a mouse model with structural and electrical remodeling. Next-generation sequencing revealed that miR-208b-3p was ~25-fold upregulated. Therefore, the aim of our study was to evaluate the impact of miR-208b on cardiac protein expression. First, an undirected approach comparing whole RNA sequencing data to miR-walk 2.0 miR-208b 3'-UTR targets revealed 58 potential targets of miR-208b being regulated. We were able to show that miR-208b mimics bind to the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of voltage-gated calcium channel subunit alpha1 C and Kcnj5, two predicted targets of miR-208b. Additionally, we demonstrated that miR-208b mimics reduce GIRK1/4 channel-dependent thallium ion flux in HL-1 cells. In a second undirected approach we performed mass spectrometry to identify the potential targets of miR-208b. We identified 40 potential targets by comparison to miR-walk 2.0 3'-UTR, 5'-UTR and CDS targets. Among those targets, Rock2 and Ran were upregulated in Western blots of HL-1 cells by miR-208b mimics. In summary, miR-208b targets the mRNAs of proteins involved in the generation of cardiac excitation and propagation, as well as of proteins involved in RNA translocation (Ran) and cardiac hypertrophic response (Rock2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hupfeld
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Maximilian Ernst
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Maria Knyrim
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Stephanie Binas
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Udo Kloeckner
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Sindy Rabe
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Katja Quarch
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Danny Misiak
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Charles Tanford Protein Center, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Matthew Fuszard
- Zentrum für Medizinische Grundlagenforschung, Core Facility—Proteomic Mass Spectrometry, Proteinzentrum Charles Tanford, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06120 Halle (Saale), Germany;
| | - Claudia Grossmann
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Michael Gekle
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
| | - Barbara Schreier
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06112 Halle (Saale), Germany; (J.H.); (M.E.); (M.K.); (S.B.); (U.K.); (S.R.); (K.Q.); (C.G.); (M.G.)
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Wang W, Min L, Qiu X, Wu X, Liu C, Ma J, Zhang D, Zhu L. Biological Function of Long Non-coding RNA (LncRNA) Xist. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:645647. [PMID: 34178980 PMCID: PMC8222981 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.645647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate gene expression in a variety of ways at epigenetic, chromatin remodeling, transcriptional, and translational levels. Accumulating evidence suggests that lncRNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA Xist) serves as an important regulator of cell growth and development. Despites its original roles in X-chromosome dosage compensation, lncRNA Xist also participates in the development of tumor and other human diseases by functioning as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA). In this review, we comprehensively summarized recent progress in understanding the cellular functions of lncRNA Xist in mammalian cells and discussed current knowledge regarding the ceRNA network of lncRNA Xist in various diseases. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are transcripts that are more than 200 nt in length and without an apparent protein-coding capacity (Furlan and Rougeulle, 2016; Maduro et al., 2016). These RNAs are believed to be transcribed by the approximately 98-99% non-coding regions of the human genome (Derrien et al., 2012; Fu, 2014; Montalbano et al., 2017; Slack and Chinnaiyan, 2019), as well as a large variety of genomic regions, such as exonic, tronic, and intergenic regions. Hence, lncRNAs are also divided into eight categories: Intergenic lncRNAs, Intronic lncRNAs, Enhancer lncRNAs, Promoter lncRNAs, Natural antisense/sense lncRNAs, Small nucleolar RNA-ended lncRNAs (sno-lncRNAs), Bidirectional lncRNAs, and non-poly(A) lncRNAs (Ma et al., 2013; Devaux et al., 2015; St Laurent et al., 2015; Chen, 2016; Quinn and Chang, 2016; Richard and Eichhorn, 2018; Connerty et al., 2020). A range of evidence has suggested that lncRNAs function as key regulators in crucial cellular functions, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, migration, and invasion, by regulating the expression level of target genes via epigenomic, transcriptional, or post-transcriptional approaches (Cao et al., 2018). Moreover, lncRNAs detected in body fluids were also believed to serve as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring of disease progression, and act as novel and potential drug targets for therapeutic exploitation in human disease (Jiang W. et al., 2018; Zhou et al., 2019a). Long non-coding RNA X-inactive specific transcript (lncRNA Xist) are a set of 15,000-20,000 nt sequences localized in the X chromosome inactivation center (XIC) of chromosome Xq13.2 (Brown et al., 1992; Debrand et al., 1998; Kay, 1998; Lee et al., 2013; da Rocha and Heard, 2017; Yang Z. et al., 2018; Brockdorff, 2019). Previous studies have indicated that lncRNA Xist regulate X chromosome inactivation (XCI), resulting in the inheritable silencing of one of the X-chromosomes during female cell development. Also, it serves a vital regulatory function in the whole spectrum of human disease (notably cancer) and can be used as a novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarker and as a potential therapeutic target for human disease in the clinic (Liu et al., 2018b; Deng et al., 2019; Dinescu et al., 2019; Mutzel and Schulz, 2020; Patrat et al., 2020; Wang et al., 2020a). In particular, lncRNA Xist have been demonstrated to be involved in the development of multiple types of tumors including brain tumor, Leukemia, lung cancer, breast cancer, and liver cancer, with the prominent examples outlined in Table 1. It was also believed that lncRNA Xist (Chaligne and Heard, 2014; Yang Z. et al., 2018) contributed to other diseases, such as pulmonary fibrosis, inflammation, neuropathic pain, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, and osteoarthritis chondrocytes, and more specific details can be found in Table 2. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNA Xist on both chromosome dosage compensation and pathogenesis (especially cancer) processes, with a focus on the regulatory network of lncRNA Xist in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Dongyi Zhang
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha, China
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Bao J, Lu Y, She Q, Dou W, Tang R, Xu X, Zhang M, Zhu L, Zhou Q, Li H, Zhou G, Yang Z, Shi S, Liu Z, Zheng C. MicroRNA-30 regulates left ventricular hypertrophy in chronic kidney disease. JCI Insight 2021; 6:138027. [PMID: 33848263 PMCID: PMC8262338 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.138027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a primary feature of cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). miRNA-30 is an important posttranscriptional regulator of LVH, but it is unknown whether miRNA-30 participates in the process of CKD-induced LVH. In the present study, we found that CKD not only resulted in LVH but also suppressed miRNA-30 expression in the myocardium. Rescue of cardiomyocyte-specific miRNA-30 attenuated LVH in CKD rats without altering CKD progression. Importantly, in vivo and in vitro knockdown of miRNA-30 in cardiomyocytes led to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy by upregulating the calcineurin signaling directly. Furthermore, CKD-related detrimental factors, such as fibroblast growth factor-23, uremic toxin, angiotensin II, and transforming growth factor–β, suppressed cardiac miRNA-30 expression, while miRNA-30 supplementation blunted cardiomyocyte hypertrophy induced by such factors. These results uncover a potentially novel mechanism of CKD-induced LVH and provide a potential therapeutic target for CKD patients with LVH. Downregulation of myocardial miRNA-30 is involved in chronic kidney disease–induced left ventricular hypertrophy, whereas exogenous miRNA-30 rescue inhibits this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfu Bao
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Yinghui Lu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Qinying She
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Weijuan Dou
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Rong Tang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Mingchao Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Ling Zhu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Guohua Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhongzhou Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Department of Cardiology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University School of Medicine, and MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaolin Shi
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Zhihong Liu
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
| | - Chunxia Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Diseases, and
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50
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miR155 Deficiency Reduces Myofibroblast Density but Fails to Improve Cardiac Function after Myocardial Infarction in Dyslipidemic Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115480. [PMID: 34067440 PMCID: PMC8197013 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myocardial infarction remains the most common cause of heart failure with adverse remodeling. MicroRNA (miR)155 is upregulated following myocardial infarction and represents a relevant regulatory factor for cardiac remodeling by engagement in cardiac inflammation, fibrosis and cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Here, we investigated the role of miR155 in cardiac remodeling and dysfunction following myocardial infarction in a dyslipidemic mouse model. Myocardial infarction was induced in dyslipidemic apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE−/−) mice with and without additional miR155 knockout by ligation of the LAD. Four weeks later, echocardiography was performed to assess left ventricular (LV) dimensions and function, and mice were subsequently sacrificed for histological analysis. Echocardiography revealed no difference in LV ejection fractions, LV mass and LV volumes between ApoE−/− and ApoE−/−/miR155−/− mice. Histology confirmed comparable infarction size and unaltered neoangiogenesis in the myocardial scar. Notably, myofibroblast density was significantly decreased in ApoE−/−/miR155−/− mice compared to the control, but no difference was observed for total collagen deposition. Our findings reveal that genetic depletion of miR155 in a dyslipidemic mouse model of myocardial infarction does not reduce infarction size and consecutive heart failure but does decrease myofibroblast density in the post-ischemic scar.
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