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Cerna‐Vargas JP, Krell T. Exploring solute binding proteins in Pseudomonas aeruginosa that bind to γ-aminobutyrate and 5-aminovalerate and their role in activating sensor kinases. Microbiologyopen 2024; 13:e1415. [PMID: 38780167 PMCID: PMC11113362 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The standard method of receptor activation involves the binding of signals or signal-loaded solute binding proteins (SBPs) to sensor domains. Many sensor histidine kinases (SHKs), which are activated by SBP binding, are encoded adjacent to their corresponding sbp gene. We examined three SBPs of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1, encoded near the genes for the AgtS (PA0600) and AruS (PA4982) SHKs, to determine how common this arrangement is. Ligand screening and microcalorimetric studies revealed that the SBPs PA0602 and PA4985 preferentially bind to GABA (KD = 2.3 and 0.58 μM, respectively), followed by 5-aminovalerate (KD = 30 and 1.6 μM, respectively) and ethanoldiamine (KD = 2.3 and 0.58 μM, respectively). In contrast, AgtB (PA0604) exclusively recognizes 5-aminovaleric acid (KD = 2.9 μM). However, microcalorimetric titrations did not show any binding between the AgtS sensor domain and AgtB or PA0602, regardless of the presence of ligands. Similarly, bacterial two-hybrid assays did not demonstrate an interaction between PA4985 and the AruS sensor domain. Therefore, sbp and shk genes located nearby are not always functionally linked. We previously identified PA0222 as a GABA-specific SBP. The presence of three SBPs for GABA may be linked to GABA's role as a trigger for P. aeruginosa virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Cerna‐Vargas
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del ZaidínConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/Consejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasParque Científico y Tecnológico de la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Pozuelo de AlarcónMadridSpain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del ZaidínConsejo Superior de Investigaciones CientíficasGranadaSpain
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2
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Quaiyum S, Yuan Y, Kuipers PJ, Martinelli M, Jaroch M, de Crécy-Lagard V. Deciphering the Diversity in Bacterial Transporters That Salvage Queuosine Precursors. EPIGENOMES 2024; 8:16. [PMID: 38804365 PMCID: PMC11130926 DOI: 10.3390/epigenomes8020016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Queuosine (Q) is a modification of the wobble base of tRNA harboring GUN anticodons with roles in decoding accuracy and efficiency. Its synthesis is complex with multiple enzymatic steps, and several pathway intermediates can be salvaged. The only two transporter families known to salvage Q precursors are QPTR/COG1738 and QrtT/QueT. Analyses of the distribution of known Q synthesis and salvage genes in human gut and oral microbiota genomes have suggested that more transporter families remain to be found and that Q precursor exchanges must occur within the structured microenvironments of the mammalian host. Using physical clustering and fusion-based association with Q salvage genes, candidate genes for missing transporters were identified and five were tested experimentally by complementation assays in Escherichia coli. Three genes encoding transporters from three different Pfam families, a ureide permease (PF07168) from Acidobacteriota bacterium, a hemolysin III family protein (PF03006) from Bifidobacterium breve, and a Major Facilitator Superfamily protein (PF07690) from Bartonella henselae, were found to allow the transport of both preQ0 and preQ1 in this heterologous system. This work suggests that many transporter families can evolve to transport Q precursors, reinforcing the concept of transporter plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samia Quaiyum
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.Q.); (Y.Y.); (P.J.K.)
| | - Yifeng Yuan
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.Q.); (Y.Y.); (P.J.K.)
| | - Paul J. Kuipers
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.Q.); (Y.Y.); (P.J.K.)
| | - Maria Martinelli
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.Q.); (Y.Y.); (P.J.K.)
- eSTEAMed Learning Inc., Maitland, FL 32751, USA
| | - Marshall Jaroch
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.Q.); (Y.Y.); (P.J.K.)
- Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
| | - Valérie de Crécy-Lagard
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; (S.Q.); (Y.Y.); (P.J.K.)
- Genetic Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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3
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Recio M, de la Torre J, Daddaoua A, Udaondo Z, Duque E, Gavira JA, López‐Sánchez C, Ramos JL. Characterization of an extremophile bacterial acid phosphatase derived from metagenomics analysis. Microb Biotechnol 2024; 17:e14404. [PMID: 38588312 PMCID: PMC11001196 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Acid phosphatases are enzymes that play a crucial role in the hydrolysis of various organophosphorous molecules. A putative acid phosphatase called FS6 was identified using genetic profiles and sequences from different environments. FS6 showed high sequence similarity to type C acid phosphatases and retained more than 30% of consensus residues in its protein sequence. A histidine-tagged recombinant FS6 produced in Escherichia coli exhibited extremophile properties, functioning effectively in a broad pH range between 3.5 and 8.5. The enzyme demonstrated optimal activity at temperatures between 25 and 50°C, with a melting temperature of 51.6°C. Kinetic parameters were determined using various substrates, and the reaction catalysed by FS6 with physiological substrates was at least 100-fold more efficient than with p-nitrophenyl phosphate. Furthermore, FS6 was found to be a decamer in solution, unlike the dimeric forms of crystallized proteins in its family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria‐Isabel Recio
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Department of Environmental ProtectionGranadaSpain
| | - Jesús de la Torre
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Department of Environmental ProtectionGranadaSpain
| | - Abdelali Daddaoua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Pharmacy SchoolGranada UniversityGranadaSpain
| | - Zulema Udaondo
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, University of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Estrella Duque
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Department of Environmental ProtectionGranadaSpain
| | - José Antonio Gavira
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Ciencias de la TierraGranadaSpain
| | - Carmen López‐Sánchez
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Instituto de Ciencias de la TierraGranadaSpain
| | - Juan L. Ramos
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Department of Environmental ProtectionGranadaSpain
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4
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Xu W, Cerna-Vargas JP, Tajuelo A, Lozano-Montoya A, Kivoloka M, Krink N, Monteagudo-Cascales E, Matilla MA, Krell T, Sourjik V. Systematic mapping of chemoreceptor specificities for Pseudomonas aeruginosa. mBio 2023; 14:e0209923. [PMID: 37791891 PMCID: PMC10653921 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02099-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Chemotaxis of motile bacteria has multiple physiological functions. It enables bacteria to locate optimal ecological niches, mediates collective behaviors, and can play an important role in infection. These multiple functions largely depend on ligand specificities of chemoreceptors, and the number and identities of chemoreceptors show high diversity between organisms. Similar diversity is observed for the spectra of chemoeffectors, which include not only chemicals of high metabolic value but also bacterial, plant, and animal signaling molecules. However, the systematic identification of chemoeffectors and their mapping to specific chemoreceptors remains a challenge. Here, we combined several in vivo and in vitro approaches to establish a systematic screening strategy for the identification of receptor ligands and we applied it to identify a number of new physiologically relevant chemoeffectors for the important opportunistic human pathogen P. aeruginosa. This strategy can be equally applicable to map specificities of sensory domains from a wide variety of receptor types and bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Xu
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology & Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Marburg, Germany
| | - Jean Paul Cerna-Vargas
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas CBGP, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria/CSIC, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de la UPM, Pozuelo de Alarcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Tajuelo
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Andrea Lozano-Montoya
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Melissa Kivoloka
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology & Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Marburg, Germany
| | - Nicolas Krink
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology & Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Marburg, Germany
| | - Elizabet Monteagudo-Cascales
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Victor Sourjik
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology & Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO), Marburg, Germany
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Tasleem M, Hussein WM, El-Sayed AAAA, Alrehaily A. An In Silico Bioremediation Study to Identify Essential Residues of Metallothionein Enhancing the Bioaccumulation of Heavy Metals in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2262. [PMID: 37764106 PMCID: PMC10537150 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11092262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms are ubiquitously present in the environment and exert significant influence on numerous natural phenomena. The soil and groundwater systems, precipitation, and effluent outfalls from factories, refineries, and waste treatment facilities are all sources of heavy metal contamination. For example, Madinah, Saudi Arabia, has alarmingly high levels of lead and cadmium. The non-essential minerals cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) have been linked to damage to vital organs. Bioremediation is an essential component in the process of cleaning up polluted soil and water where biological agents such as bacteria are used to remove the contaminants. It is demonstrated that Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) isolated from activated sludge was able to remove Cd and Pb from water. The protein sequence of metallothionein from P. aeruginosa was retrieved to explore it for physicoparameters, orthologs, domain, family, motifs, and conserved residues. The homology structure was generated, and models were validated. Docking of the best model with the heavy metals was carried out to inspect the intramolecular interactions. The target protein was found to belong to the "metallothionein_pro" family, containing six motifs, and showed a close orthologous relationship with other heavy metal-resistant bacteria. The best model was generated by Phyre2. In this study, three key residues of metallothionein were identified that participate in heavy metal (Pb and Cd) binding, viz., Ala33, Ser34, and Glu59. In addition, the study provides an essential basis to explore protein engineering for the optimum use of metallothionein protein to reduce/remove heavy metals from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Munazzah Tasleem
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China;
| | - Wesam M. Hussein
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Abdulwahed Alrehaily
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Islamic University of Madinah, Madinah 42351, Saudi Arabia;
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6
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Matilla MA, Genova R, Martín-Mora D, Maaβ S, Becher D, Krell T. The Cellular Abundance of Chemoreceptors, Chemosensory Signaling Proteins, Sensor Histidine Kinases, and Solute Binding Proteins of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Provides Insight into Sensory Preferences and Signaling Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021363. [PMID: 36674894 PMCID: PMC9864684 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemosensory pathways and two-component systems are important bacterial signal transduction systems. In the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, these systems control many virulence traits. Previous studies showed that inorganic phosphate (Pi) deficiency induces virulence. We report here the abundance of chemosensory and two-component signaling proteins of P. aeruginosa grown in Pi deficient and sufficient media. The cellular abundance of chemoreceptors differed greatly, since a 2400-fold difference between the most and least abundant receptors was observed. For many chemoreceptors, their amount varied with the growth condition. The amount of chemoreceptors did not correlate with the magnitude of chemotaxis to their cognate chemoeffectors. Of the four chemosensory pathways, proteins of the Che chemotaxis pathway were most abundant and showed little variation in different growth conditions. The abundance of chemoreceptors and solute binding proteins indicates a sensing preference for amino acids and polyamines. There was an excess of response regulators over sensor histidine kinases in two-component systems. In contrast, ratios of the response regulators CheY and CheB to the histidine kinase CheA of the Che pathway were all below 1, indicative of different signaling mechanisms. This study will serve as a reference for exploring sensing preferences and signaling mechanisms of other bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A. Matilla
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Roberta Genova
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - David Martín-Mora
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain
| | - Sandra Maaβ
- Department of Microbial Proteomics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Dörte Becher
- Department of Microbial Proteomics, Institute of Microbiology, University of Greifswald, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 18008 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-958-526579
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7
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Ortega Á, Matilla MA, Krell T. The Repertoire of Solute-Binding Proteins of Model Bacteria Reveals Large Differences in Number, Type, and Ligand Range. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0205422. [PMID: 36121253 PMCID: PMC9602780 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02054-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Solute-binding proteins (SBPs) are of central physiological relevance for bacteria. They are located in the extracytosolic space, where they present substrates to transporters but also stimulate different types of transmembrane receptors coordinating compound uptake with signal transduction. SBPs are a superfamily composed of proteins recognized by 45 Pfam profiles. The definition of SBP profiles for bacteria is hampered by the fact that these Pfam profiles recognize sensor domains for different types of signaling proteins or cytosolic proteins with alternative functions. We report here the retrieval of the SBPs from 49 bacterial model strains with different lifestyles and phylogenetic distributions. Proteins were manually curated, and the ligands recognized were predicted bioinformatically. There were very large differences in the number and type of SBPs between strains, ranging from 7 SBPs in Helicobacter pylori 26695 to 189 SBPs in Sinorhizobium meliloti 1021. SBPs were found to represent 0.22 to 5.13% of the total protein-encoding genes. The abundance of SBPs was largely determined by strain phylogeny, and no obvious link with the bacterial lifestyle was noted. Most abundant (36%) were SBPs predicted to recognize amino acids or peptides, followed by those expected to bind different sugars (18%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparative study of bacterial SBP repertoires. Given the importance of SBPs in nutrient uptake and signaling, this study enhances the knowledge of model bacteria and will permit the definition of SBP profiles of other strains. IMPORTANCE SBPs are essential components for many transporters, but multiple pieces of more recent evidence indicate that the SBP-mediated stimulation of different transmembrane receptors is a general and widespread signal transduction mechanism in bacteria. The double function of SBPs in coordinating transport with signal transduction remains to a large degree unexplored and represents a major research need. The definition of the SBP repertoire of the 49 bacterial model strains examined here, along with information on their cognate ligand profiles forms the basis to close this gap in knowledge. Furthermore, this study provides information on the forces that have driven the evolution of transporters with different ligand specificities in bacteria that differ in phylogenetics and lifestyle. This article is also a first step in setting up automatic algorithms that permit the large-scale identification of the SBP repertoire in proteomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology B and Immunology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence Campus Mare Nostrum, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel A. Matilla
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
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8
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Maunders EA, Ngu DHY, Ganio K, Hossain SI, Lim BYJ, Leeming MG, Luo Z, Tan A, Deplazes E, Kobe B, McDevitt CA. The Impact of Chromate on Pseudomonas aeruginosa Molybdenum Homeostasis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:903146. [PMID: 35685933 PMCID: PMC9171197 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.903146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquisition of the trace-element molybdenum via the high-affinity ATP-binding cassette permease ModABC is essential for Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiration in anaerobic and microaerophilic environments. This study determined the X-ray crystal structures of the molybdenum-recruiting solute-binding protein ModA from P. aeruginosa PAO1 in the metal-free state and bound to the group 6 metal oxyanions molybdate, tungstate, and chromate. Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 ModA has a non-contiguous dual-hinged bilobal structure with a single metal-binding site positioned between the two domains. Metal binding results in a 22° relative rotation of the two lobes with the oxyanions coordinated by four residues, that contribute six hydrogen bonds, distinct from ModA orthologues that feature an additional oxyanion-binding residue. Analysis of 485 Pseudomonas ModA sequences revealed conservation of the metal-binding residues and β-sheet structural elements, highlighting their contribution to protein structure and function. Despite the capacity of ModA to bind chromate, deletion of modA did not affect P. aeruginosa PAO1 sensitivity to chromate toxicity nor impact cellular accumulation of chromate. Exposure to sub-inhibitory concentrations of chromate broadly perturbed P. aeruginosa metal homeostasis and, unexpectedly, was associated with an increase in ModA-mediated molybdenum uptake. Elemental analyses of the proteome from anaerobically grown P. aeruginosa revealed that, despite the increase in cellular molybdenum upon chromate exposure, distribution of the metal within the proteome was substantially perturbed. This suggested that molybdoprotein cofactor acquisition may be disrupted, consistent with the potent toxicity of chromate under anaerobic conditions. Collectively, these data reveal a complex relationship between chromate toxicity, molybdenum homeostasis and anaerobic respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eve A. Maunders
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Dalton H. Y. Ngu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Katherine Ganio
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Sheikh I. Hossain
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Bryan Y. J. Lim
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Michael G. Leeming
- Melbourne Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics Facility, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Zhenyao Luo
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Aimee Tan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Evelyne Deplazes
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Boštjan Kobe
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Boštjan Kobe,
| | - Christopher A. McDevitt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- *Correspondence: Christopher A. McDevitt,
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9
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Liu Y, Ahator SD, Wang H, Feng Q, Xu Y, Li C, Zhou X, Zhang LH. Microevolution of the mexT and lasR Reinforces the Bias of Quorum Sensing System in Laboratory Strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:821895. [PMID: 35495693 PMCID: PMC9041413 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.821895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAO1 has routinely been used as a laboratory model for quorum sensing (QS). However, the microevolution of P. aeruginosa laboratory strains resulting in genetic and phenotypic variations have caused inconsistencies in QS research. To investigate the underlying causes of these variations, we analyzed 5 Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 sublines from our laboratory using a combination of phenotypic characterization, high throughput genome sequencing, and bioinformatic analysis. The major phenotypic variations among the sublines spanned across the levels of QS signals and virulence factors such as pyocyanin and elastase. Furthermore, the sublines exhibited distinct variations in motility and biofilm formation. Most of the phenotypic variations were mapped to mutations in the lasR and mexT, which are key components of the QS circuit. By introducing these mutations in the subline PAO1-E, which is devoid of such mutations, we confirmed their influence on QS, virulence, motility, and biofilm formation. The findings further highlight a possible divergent regulatory mechanism between the LasR and MexT in the P. aeruginosa. The results of our study reveal the effects of microevolution on the reproducibility of most research data from QS studies and further highlight mexT as a key component of the QS circuit of P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM) - Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephen Dela Ahator
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.,Research group for Host Microbe Interactions, Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Huishan Wang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qishun Feng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinuo Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuhao Li
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lian-Hui Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research Centre, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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10
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Allert MJ, Hellinga HW. Discovery of Thermostable, Fluorescently Responsive Glucose Biosensors by Structure-Assisted Function Extrapolation. Biochemistry 2022; 61:276-293. [PMID: 35084821 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Accurate assignment of protein function from sequence remains a fascinating and difficult challenge. The periplasmic-binding protein (PBP) superfamily present an interesting case of function prediction because they are both ubiquitous in prokaryotes and tend to diversify through gene duplication "explosions" that can lead to large numbers of paralogs in a genome. An engineered version of the moderately thermostable glucose-binding PBP from Escherichia coli has been used successfully as a reagentless fluorescent biosensor both in vitro and in vivo. To develop more robust sensors that meet the challenges of real-world applications, we report the discovery of thermostable homologues that retain a glucose-mediated conformationally coupled fluorescence response. Accurately identifying a glucose-binding PBP homologue among closely related paralogs is challenging. We demonstrate that a structure-based method that filters sequences by residues that bind glucose in an archetype structure is highly effective. Using fully sequenced bacterial genomes, we found that this filter reduced high paralog numbers to single hits in a genome, consistent with the accurate separation of glucose binding from other functions. We expressed engineered proteins for eight homologues, chosen to represent different degrees of sequence identity, and tested their glucose-mediated fluorescence responses. We accurately predicted the presence of glucose binding down to 31% sequence identity. We have also successfully identified suitable candidates for next-generation robust, fluorescent glucose sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malin J Allert
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3711, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
| | - Homme W Hellinga
- Department of Biochemistry, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3711, Durham, North Carolina 27710, United States
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11
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Tavares D, van der Meer JR. Subcellular Localization Defects Characterize Ribose-Binding Mutant Proteins with New Ligand Properties in Escherichia coli. Appl Environ Microbiol 2022; 88:e0211721. [PMID: 34757821 PMCID: PMC8788693 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02117-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Periplasmic binding proteins have been previously proclaimed as a general scaffold to design sensor proteins with new recognition specificities for nonnatural compounds. Such proteins can be integrated in bacterial bioreporter chassis with hybrid chemoreceptors to produce a concentration-dependent signal after ligand binding to the sensor cell. However, computationally designed new ligand-binding properties ignore the more general properties of periplasmic binding proteins, such as their periplasmic translocation, dynamic transition of open and closed forms, and interactions with membrane receptors. In order to better understand the roles of such general properties in periplasmic signaling behavior, we studied the subcellular localization of ribose-binding protein (RbsB) in Escherichia coli in comparison to a recently evolved set of mutants designed to bind 1,3-cyclohexanediol. As proxies for localization, we calibrated and deployed C-terminal end mCherry fluorescent protein fusions. Whereas RbsB-mCherry coherently localized to the periplasmic space and accumulated in (periplasmic) polar regions depending on chemoreceptor availability, mutant RbsB-mCherry expression resulted in high fluorescence cell-to-cell variability. This resulted in higher proportions of cells devoid of clear polar foci and of cells with multiple fluorescent foci elsewhere, suggesting poorer translocation, periplasmic autoaggregation, and mislocalization. Analysis of RbsB mutants and mutant libraries at different stages of directed evolution suggested overall improvement to more RbsB-wild-type-like characteristics, which was corroborated by structure predictions. Our results show that defects in periplasmic localization of mutant RbsB proteins partly explain their poor sensing performance. Future efforts should be directed to predicting or selecting secondary mutations outside computationally designed binding pockets, taking folding, translocation, and receptor interactions into account. IMPORTANCE Biosensor engineering relies on transcription factors or signaling proteins to provide the actual sensory functions for the target chemicals. Since for many compounds there are no natural sensory proteins, there is a general interest in methods that could unlock routes to obtaining new ligand-binding properties. Bacterial periplasmic binding proteins (PBPs) form an interesting family of proteins to explore for this purpose, because there is a large natural variety suggesting evolutionary trajectories to bind new ligands. PBPs are conserved and amenable to accurate computational binding pocket predictions. However, studying ribose-binding protein in Escherichia coli, we discovered that designed variants have defects in their proper localization in the cell, which can impair appropriate sensor signaling. This indicates that functional sensing capacity of PBPs cannot be obtained solely through computational design of the ligand-binding pocket but must take other properties of the protein into account, which are currently very difficult to predict.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Tavares
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jan R. van der Meer
- Department of Fundamental Microbiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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12
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Matilla MA, Velando F, Monteagudo-Cascales E, Krell T. Flagella, Chemotaxis and Surface Sensing. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1386:185-221. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-08491-1_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Wang Y, Cao Q, Cao Q, Gan J, Sun N, Yang CG, Bae T, Wu M, Lan L. Histamine activates HinK to promote the virulence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2021; 66:1101-1118. [PMID: 36654344 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
During infections, bacteria stimulate host cells to produce and release histamine, which is a key mediator of vital cellular processes in animals. However, the mechanisms underlying the bacterial cell's ability to sense and respond to histamine are poorly understood. Herein, we show that HinK, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator, is required to evoke responses to histamine in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an important human pathogen. HinK directly binds to and activates the promoter of genes involved in histamine uptake and metabolism, iron acquisition, and Pseudomonas quinolone signal (PQS) biosynthesis. The transcriptional regulatory activity of HinK is induced when histamine is present, and it occurs when HinK binds with imidazole-4-acetic acid (ImAA), a histamine metabolite whose production in P. aeruginosa depends on the HinK-activated histamine uptake and utilization operon hinDAC-pa0222. Importantly, the inactivation of HinK inhibits diverse pathogenic phenotypes of P. aeruginosa. These results suggest that histamine acts as an interkingdom signal and provide insights into the mechanism used by pathogenic bacteria to exploit host regulatory signals to promote virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; College of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China
| | - Qin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jianhua Gan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 201438, China
| | - Ning Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Cai-Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Taeok Bae
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Indiana University School of Medicine-Northwest, Gary IN 46408, USA
| | - Min Wu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks ND 58203-9037, USA
| | - Lefu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Testing Technology of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Shanghai Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shanghai 201203, China.
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14
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Krell T, Gavira JA, Velando F, Fernández M, Roca A, Monteagudo-Cascales E, Matilla MA. Histamine: A Bacterial Signal Molecule. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6312. [PMID: 34204625 PMCID: PMC8231116 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have evolved sophisticated signaling mechanisms to coordinate interactions with organisms of other domains, such as plants, animals and human hosts. Several important signal molecules have been identified that are synthesized by members of different domains and that play important roles in inter-domain communication. In this article, we review recent data supporting that histamine is a signal molecule that may play an important role in inter-domain and inter-species communication. Histamine is a key signal molecule in humans, with multiple functions, such as being a neurotransmitter or modulator of immune responses. More recent studies have shown that bacteria have evolved different mechanisms to sense histamine or histamine metabolites. Histamine sensing in the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa was found to trigger chemoattraction to histamine and to regulate the expression of many virulence-related genes. Further studies have shown that many bacteria are able to synthesize and secrete histamine. The release of histamine by bacteria in the human gut was found to modulate the host immune responses and, at higher doses, to result in host pathologies. The elucidation of the role of histamine as an inter-domain signaling molecule is an emerging field of research and future investigation is required to assess its potential general nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tino Krell
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain; (F.V.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - José A. Gavira
- Laboratory of Crystallographic Studies, IACT (CSIC-UGR), Avenida de las Palmeras 4, 18100 Armilla, Spain;
| | - Félix Velando
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain; (F.V.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - Matilde Fernández
- Department of Microbiology, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.F.); (A.R.)
| | - Amalia Roca
- Department of Microbiology, Facultad de Farmacia, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.F.); (A.R.)
| | - Elizabet Monteagudo-Cascales
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain; (F.V.); (E.M.-C.)
| | - Miguel A. Matilla
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008 Granada, Spain; (F.V.); (E.M.-C.)
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15
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Matilla MA, Ortega Á, Krell T. The role of solute binding proteins in signal transduction. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:1786-1805. [PMID: 33897981 PMCID: PMC8050422 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The solute binding proteins (SBPs) of prokaryotes are present in the extracytosolic space. Although their primary function is providing substrates to transporters, SBPs also stimulate different signaling proteins, including chemoreceptors, sensor kinases, diguanylate cyclases/phosphodiesterases and Ser/Thr kinases, thereby causing a wide range of responses. While relatively few such systems have been identified, several pieces of evidence suggest that SBP-mediated receptor activation is a widespread mechanism. (1) These systems have been identified in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria and archaea. (2) There is a structural diversity in the receptor domains that bind SBPs. (3) SBPs belonging to thirteen different families interact with receptor ligand binding domains (LBDs). (4) For the two most abundant receptor LBD families, dCache and four-helix-bundle, there are different modes of interaction with SBPs. (5) SBP-stimulated receptors carry out many different functions. The advantage of SBP-mediated receptor stimulation is attributed to a strict control of SBP levels, which allows a precise adjustment of the systeḿs sensitivity. We have compiled information on the effect of ligands on the transcript/protein levels of their cognate SBPs. In 87 % of the cases analysed, ligands altered SBP expression levels. The nature of the regulatory effect depended on the ligand family. Whereas inorganic ligands typically downregulate SBP expression, an upregulation was observed in response to most sugars and organic acids. A major unknown is the role that SBPs play in signaling and in receptor stimulation. This review attempts to summarize what is known and to present new information to narrow this gap in knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Matilla
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, Granada 18008, Spain
| | - Álvaro Ortega
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology 'B' and Immunology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Murcia, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", Murcia, Spain
| | - Tino Krell
- Department of Environmental Protection, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Prof. Albareda 1, Granada 18008, Spain
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16
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Bioinformatics analysis and biochemical characterisation of ABC transporter-associated periplasmic substrate-binding proteins ModA and MetQ from Helicobacter pylori strain SS1. Biophys Chem 2021; 272:106577. [PMID: 33756269 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The human gastric pathogen Helicobacter pylori relies on the uptake of host-provided nutrients for its proliferation and pathogenicity. ABC transporters that mediate import of small molecules into the cytoplasm of H. pylori employ their cognate periplasmic substrate-binding proteins (SBPs) for ligand capture in the periplasm. The genome of the mouse-adapted strain SS1 of H. pylori encodes eight ABC transporter-associated SBPs, but little is known about their specificity or structure. In this study, we demonstrated that the SBP annotated as ModA binds molybdate (MoO42-, KD = 3.8 nM) and tungstate (WO42-, KD = 7.8 nM). In addition, we showed that MetQ binds D-methionine (KD = 9.5 μM), but not L-methionine, which suggests the existence of as yet unknown pathway for L-methionine uptake. Homology modelling has led to identification of the ligand-binding residues.
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17
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Structural basis for a bacterial Pip system plant effector recognition protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2019462118. [PMID: 33649224 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2019462118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of plant-associated proteobacteria have LuxR family transcription factors that we refer to as PipR subfamily members. PipR proteins play roles in interactions between bacteria and their plant hosts, and some are important for bacterial virulence of plants. We identified an ethanolamine derivative, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-(2-hydroxyethylamino) acetamide (HEHEAA), as a potent effector of PipR-mediated gene regulation in the plant endophyte Pseudomonas GM79. HEHEAA-dependent PipR activity requires an ATP-binding cassette-type active transport system, and the periplasmic substrate-binding protein (SBP) of that system binds HEHEAA. To begin to understand the molecular basis of PipR system responses to plant factors we crystallized a HEHEAA-responsive SBP in the free- and HEHEAA-bound forms. The SBP, which is similar to peptide-binding SBPs, was in a closed conformation. A narrow cavity at the interface of its two lobes is wide enough to bind HEHEAA, but it cannot accommodate peptides with side chains. The polar atoms of HEHEAA are recognized by hydrogen-bonding interactions, and additional SBP residues contribute to the binding site. This binding mode was confirmed by a structure-based mutational analysis. We also show that a closely related SBP from the plant pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000 does not recognize HEHEAA. However, a single amino acid substitution in the presumed effector-binding pocket of the P. syringae SBP converted it to a weak HEHEAA-binding protein. The P. syringae PipR depends on a plant effector for activity, and our findings imply that different PipR-associated SBPs bind different effectors.
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18
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a Model To Study Chemosensory Pathway Signaling. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2021; 85:85/1/e00151-20. [PMID: 33441490 DOI: 10.1128/mmbr.00151-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have evolved a variety of signal transduction mechanisms that generate different outputs in response to external stimuli. Chemosensory pathways are widespread in bacteria and are among the most complex signaling mechanisms, requiring the participation of at least six proteins. These pathways mediate flagellar chemotaxis, in addition to controlling alternative functions such as second messenger levels or twitching motility. The human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa has four different chemosensory pathways that carry out different functions and are stimulated by signal binding to 26 chemoreceptors. Recent research employing a diverse range of experimental approaches has advanced enormously our knowledge on these four pathways, establishing P. aeruginosa as a primary model organism in this field. In the first part of this article, we review data on the function and physiological relevance of chemosensory pathways as well as their involvement in virulence, whereas the different transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms that govern pathway function are summarized in the second part. The information presented will be of help to advance the understanding of pathway function in other organisms.
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19
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Racine PJ, Janvier X, Clabaut M, Catovic C, Souak D, Boukerb AM, Groboillot A, Konto-Ghiorghi Y, Duclairoir-Poc C, Lesouhaitier O, Orange N, Chevalier S, Feuilloley MGJ. Dialog between skin and its microbiota: Emergence of "Cutaneous Bacterial Endocrinology". Exp Dermatol 2020; 29:790-800. [PMID: 32682345 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microbial endocrinology is studying the response of microorganisms to hormones and neurohormones and the microbiota production of hormones-like molecules. Until now, it was mainly applied to the gut and revealed that the intestinal microbiota should be considered as a real organ in constant and bilateral interactions with the whole human body. The skin harbours the second most abundant microbiome and contains an abundance of nerve terminals and capillaries, which in addition to keratinocytes, fibroblasts, melanocytes, dendritic cells and endothelial cells, release a huge diversity of hormones and neurohormones. In the present review, we will examine recent experimental data showing that, in skin, molecules such as substance P, calcitonin gene-related peptide, natriuretic peptides and catecholamines can directly affect the physiology and virulence of common skin-associated bacteria. Conversely, bacteria are able to synthesize and release compounds including histamine, glutamate and γ-aminobutyric acid or peptides showing partial homology with neurohormones such as α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH). The more surprising is that some viruses can also encode neurohormones mimicking proteins. Taken together, these elements demonstrate that there is also a cutaneous microbial endocrinology and this emerging concept will certainly have important consequences in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Jean Racine
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Xavier Janvier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Maximilien Clabaut
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Chloe Catovic
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Djouhar Souak
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Amine M Boukerb
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Anne Groboillot
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Yoan Konto-Ghiorghi
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Cécile Duclairoir-Poc
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Olivier Lesouhaitier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Nicole Orange
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Sylvie Chevalier
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
| | - Marc G J Feuilloley
- Laboratory of Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment LMSM EA4312, University of Rouen Normandy, Normandie Université, Evreux, France
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20
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Nolan LM, McCaughey LC, Merjane J, Turnbull L, Whitchurch CB. ChpC controls twitching motility-mediated expansion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms in response to serum albumin, mucin and oligopeptides. MICROBIOLOGY (READING, ENGLAND) 2020; 166:669-678. [PMID: 32478653 PMCID: PMC7657506 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Twitching motility-mediated biofilm expansion occurs via coordinated, multi-cellular collective behaviour to allow bacteria to actively expand across surfaces. Type-IV pili (T4P) are cell-associated virulence factors which mediate twitching motility via rounds of extension, surface attachment and retraction. The Chp chemosensory system is thought to respond to environmental signals to regulate the biogenesis, assembly and twitching motility function of T4P. In other well characterised chemosensory systems, methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) feed environmental signals through a CheW adapter protein to the histidine kinase CheA to modulate motility. The Pseudomonas aeruginosa Chp system has an MCP PilJ and two CheW adapter proteins, PilI and ChpC, that likely interact with the histidine kinase ChpA to feed environmental signals into the system. In the current study we show that ChpC is involved in the response to host-derived signals serum albumin, mucin and oligopeptides. We demonstrate that these signals stimulate an increase in twitching motility, as well as in levels of 3'-5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and surface-assembled T4P. Interestingly, our data shows that changes in cAMP and surface piliation levels are independent of ChpC but that the twitching motility response to these environmental signals requires ChpC. Furthermore, we show that protease activity is required for the twitching motility response of P. aeruginosa to environmental signals. Based upon our data we propose a model whereby ChpC feeds these environmental signals into the Chp system, potentially via PilJ or another MCP, to control twitching motility. PilJ and PilI then modulate T4P surface levels to allow the cell to continue to undergo twitching motility. Our study is the first to link environmental signals to the Chp chemosensory system and refines our understanding of how this system controls twitching motility-mediated biofilm expansion in P. aeruginosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M. Nolan
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, New South Wales, Australia
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London SW3 6LR, UK
| | - Laura C. McCaughey
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK
| | - Jessica Merjane
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lynne Turnbull
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Cynthia B. Whitchurch
- The ithree institute, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo 2007, New South Wales, Australia
- Microbes in the Food Chain Programme, Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, NR4 7UQ and School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, NR4 7TJ, Norwich, UK
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21
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Jakas A, Višnjevac A, Jerić I. Multicomponent Approach to Homo- and Hetero-Multivalent Glycomimetics Bearing Rare Monosaccharides. J Org Chem 2020; 85:3766-3787. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreja Jakas
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Aleksandar Višnjevac
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ivanka Jerić
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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