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Shao C, Yan X, Li H, Nian D, Ren L, Pang S, Sun J. Intranuclear Irradiation Inhibits Solid Tumor Growth by Upregulating Caspase8 and Activating Apoptosis. Mol Pharm 2024. [PMID: 39077844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a novel and promising cancer treatment method, with ongoing research focusing on RIT antibody selection, radionuclides, treatment options, and benefited patient groups. As we dive into the mechanisms of tumor biology, a deeper exploration of how RIT affects tumor tissue is needed to provide new ways to improve clinical treatment outcome and patient prognosis. We labeled the anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody atezolizumab with iodine-131 (131I), separated and purified the labeled mAb with Sephadex G-25 medium gel filtration resin, and tested product stability. We detected the in vivo activity of 131I-PD-L1 mAb by analyzing its in vivo biodistribution and performing SPECT imaging and then set different treatment groups to study the effect of 131I-atezolizumab on the survival of tumor-bearing mice. Western blot, real-time quantitative PCR, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the expression level of Caspase8 and Nlrp3 in tumor. TUNEL fluorescence staining was used to detect the apoptosis in the tumor. The radiopharmaceutical molecular probe 131I-atezolizumab showed high stability and in vivo biological activity. The treatment regimen adopted had a positive effect on the survival of tumor-bearing mice. 131I internal irradiation upregulated Caspase8 in tumor and ultimately inhibited solid tumor growth by activating apoptosis pathways. We also found a significant increase in the expression of NLRP3, which plays an important role in the pyroptosis pathway, in tumor. In summary, our data demonstrated that radiopharmaceuticals combined with immunotherapy affected tumor tissue by modulating relevant biological pathways, thereby achieving better antitumor effects compared with single therapy and providing new insights for promoting better patient prognosis and combination treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Shao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, Anhui Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoping Yan
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Jiangyou, Jiangyou 621799, P. R. China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233004, P. R. China
| | - Di Nian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, Anhui Province, P. R. China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, Anhui Province, P. R. China
| | - Shangjie Pang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, Anhui Province, P. R. China
| | - Junjie Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233030, Anhui Province, P. R. China
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Singh S, Kachhawaha K, Singh SK. Comprehensive approaches to preclinical evaluation of monoclonal antibodies and their next-generation derivatives. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 225:116303. [PMID: 38797272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2024.116303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Biotherapeutics hold great promise for the treatment of several diseases and offer innovative possibilities for new treatments that target previously unaddressed medical needs. Despite successful transitions from preclinical to clinical stages and regulatory approval, there are instances where adverse reactions arise, resulting in product withdrawals. As a result, it is essential to conduct thorough evaluations of safety and effectiveness on an individual basis. This article explores current practices, challenges, and future approaches in conducting comprehensive preclinical assessments to ensure the safety and efficacy of biotherapeutics including monoclonal antibodies, toxin-conjugates, bispecific antibodies, single-chain antibodies, Fc-engineered antibodies, antibody mimetics, and siRNA-antibody/peptide conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santanu Singh
- Laboratory of Engineered Therapeutics, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Kajal Kachhawaha
- Laboratory of Engineered Therapeutics, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India
| | - Sumit K Singh
- Laboratory of Engineered Therapeutics, School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, India.
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Li D, Zhang M, Liu J, Li Z, Ni B. Potential therapies for HCC involving targeting the ferroptosis pathway. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:1446-1465. [PMID: 38726269 PMCID: PMC11076240 DOI: 10.62347/sigp9279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer ranks as the third leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, predominantly in the form of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Conventional detection and treatment approaches have proven inadequate for addressing the elevated incidence and mortality rates associated with HCC. However, a significant body of research suggests that combating HCC through the induction of ferroptosis is possible. Ferroptosis is a regulated cell death process characterized by elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxide accumulation, both of which are dependent on iron levels. In recent years, there has been an increasing focus on investigating ferroptosis, revealing its potential as an inhibitory mechanism against various diseases, including tumors. Therefore, ferroptosis induction holds great promise for treating multiple types of cancers, including HCC. This article provides a review of the key mechanisms involved in ferroptosis and explores the potential application of multiple targets and pathways associated with ferroptosis in HCC treatment to improve therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denghui Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Ju Liu
- Department of Foreign Languages, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Zhifang Li
- Department of Foreign Languages, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
| | - Bing Ni
- Department of Pathophysiology, College of High Altitude Military Medicine, Third Military Medical UniversityChongqing 400038, China
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Cui FB, Lv X, Yan CL, Eng WS, Yu SY, Zheng QH. Development and application of a fully automatic multi-function cassette module Mortenon M1 for radiopharmaceutical synthesis. Ann Nucl Med 2024; 38:247-263. [PMID: 38145430 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-023-01893-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Functions of existing automatic module systems for synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals mainly focus on the radiolabeling of small molecules. There are few modules which have achieved full-automatic radiolabeling of non-metallic and metallic nuclides on small molecules, peptides, and antibody drugs. This study aimed to develop and test a full-automatic multifunctional module system for the safe, stable, and efficient production of radiopharmaceuticals. METHODS According to characteristics of labeling process of radioactive drugs, using UG and Solidworks softwares, full-automatic cassette-based synthesis module system Mortenon M1 for synthesis of radiopharmaceuticals with various radionuclides, was designed and tested. Mortenon M1 has at least three significant highlights: the cassettes are disposable, and there is no need of manual cleaning; the synthesis method program is flexible and can be edited freely by users according to special needs; this module system is suitable for radiolabeling of both small-molecule and macromolecular drugs, with potentially various radionuclides including 18F, 64Cu, 68Ga, 89Zr, 177Lu, etc. By program control methods for certain drugs, Mortenon M1 was used for radiolabeling of both small-molecule drugs such as [68Ga]-FAPI-46 and macromolecular drugs such as [89Zr]-TROP2 antibody. Quality control assays for product purity were performed with radio-iTLC and radio-HPLC, and the radiotracers were confirmed for application in microPET imaging in xenograft tumor-bearing mouse models. RESULTS Functional tests for Mortenon M1 module system were conducted, with [68Ga]-FAPI-46 and [89Zr]-TROP2 antibody as goal synthetic products, and it displayed that with the cassette modules, the preset goals could be achieved successfully. The radiolabeling synthesis yield was good ([68Ga]-FAPI-46, 70.63% ± 2.85%, n = 10; [89Zr]-TROP2, 82.31% ± 3.92%, n = 10), and the radiochemical purity via radio-iTLC assay of the radiolabeled products was above 99% after purification. MicroPET imaging results showed that the radiolabeled tracers had reasonable radioactive distribution in MDA-MB-231 and SNU-620 xenograft tumor-bearing mice, and the tumor targeted radiouptake was satisfactory for diagnosis. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that the full-automatic module system Mortenon M1 is efficient for radiolabeling synthesis of both small-molecule and macromolecular substrates. It may be helpful to reduce radiation exposure for safety, provide qualified radiolabeled products and reliable PET diagnosis, and ensure stable production and supply of radiopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Bo Cui
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of Ma Anshan, Ma Anshan, 243000, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Lv
- Norroy Bioscience Co., Ltd, Building 2, Lihu Business Park, Zhongbang MOHO, Huize Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Long Yan
- Norroy Bioscience Co., Ltd, Building 2, Lihu Business Park, Zhongbang MOHO, Huize Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wai-Si Eng
- Norroy Bioscience Co., Ltd, Building 2, Lihu Business Park, Zhongbang MOHO, Huize Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shan-You Yu
- Norroy Bioscience Co., Ltd, Building 2, Lihu Business Park, Zhongbang MOHO, Huize Road, Binhu District, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qi-Huang Zheng
- Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, 1345 West 16th Street, Room 112, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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Shao C, Yan X, Pang S, Nian D, Ren L, Li H, Sun J. Bifunctional molecular probe targeting tumor PD-L1 enhances anti-tumor efficacy by promoting ferroptosis in lung cancer mouse model. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111781. [PMID: 38442580 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting tumor-specific PD-1/PD-L1 significantly improve the overall survival rate of patients with advanced cancer by reactivating the immune system to attack cancer cells. To explore their tumor killing effect, we used the radionuclide iodine-131 (131I) to label the anti-PD-L1 antibody Atezolizumab (131I-PD-L1 mAb). METHOD We prepared the radioimmunoassay molecular probe 131I-PD-L1 mAb by the chloramine-T method and evaluated its affinity using Lewis lung cancer (LLC) cells. The uptake of 131I-PD-L1 mAb by transplanted tumors was examined through SPECT and its in vivo distribution. We then compared the in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor efficacy of groups treated with control, PD-L1 mAb, 131I-PD-L1 mAb, and 131I-PD-L1 mAb + PD-L1 mAb combined treatment. We performed H&E staining to examine the changes in tumor, as well as the damage in major tissues and organs caused by potential side effects. The anti-tumor mechanism of 131I-PD-L1 mAb was analyzed by Western blot, RT-qPCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULT 131I-PD-L1 mAb was highly stable and specific, and easily penetrated into tumor. 131I-PD-L1 mAb suppressed cancer cell proliferation in vitro, and inhibited tumor growth in vivo by inducing ferroptosis, thus prolonging the survival of experimental animals while demonstrating biological safety. CONCLUSION Therefore, our study suggested that 131I-PD-L1 mAb affected the expression of tumor-related factors through β-rays and thus promoted ferroptosis in tumor. Combined treatment showed better anti-tumor effect compared to single ICI treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxu Shao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, PR China
| | - Xiaoping Yan
- Department of Radiology, The People's Hospital of Jiangyou, Jiangyou 621700, PR China
| | - Shangjie Pang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, PR China
| | - Di Nian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, PR China
| | - Li Ren
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, PR China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu 233000, PR China
| | - Junjie Sun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Laboratory Medicine, Bengbu Medical University, Anhui Province, Bengbu 233000, PR China.
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Wang Y, Li J, Xia L. Plant-derived natural products and combination therapy in liver cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1116532. [PMID: 36865794 PMCID: PMC9971944 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1116532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Liver cancer is one of the malignant cancers globally and seriously endangers human health because of its high morbidity and mortality. Plant-derived natural products have been evaluated as potential anticancer drugs due to low side effects and high anti-tumor efficacy. However, plant-derived natural products also have defects of poor solubility and cumbersome extraction process. In recent years, a growing numbers of plant derived natural products have been used in combination therapy of liver cancer with conventional chemotherapeutic agents, which has improved clinical efficacy through multiple mechanisms, including inhibition of tumor growth, induction of apoptosis, suppression of angiogenesis, enhancement of immunity, reversal of multiple drug resistance and reduction of side effects. The therapeutic effects and mechanisms of plant-derived natural products and combination therapy on liver cancer are reviewed to provide references for developing anti-liver-cancer strategies with high efficacy and low side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Wang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jinyao Li
- *Correspondence: Jinyao Li, ; Lijie Xia,
| | - Lijie Xia
- *Correspondence: Jinyao Li, ; Lijie Xia,
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Li L, Wang X, Xu H, Liu X, Xu K. Perspectives and mechanisms for targeting ferroptosis in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:947208. [PMID: 36052168 PMCID: PMC9424770 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.947208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a novel process of regulated cell death discovered in recent years, mainly caused by intracellular lipid peroxidation. It is morphologically manifested as shrinking of mitochondria, swelling of cytoplasm and organelles, rupture of plasma membrane, and formation of double-membrane vesicles. Work done in the past 5 years indicates that induction of ferroptosis is a promising strategy in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). System xc-/GSH/GPX4, iron metabolism, p53 and lipid peroxidation pathways are the main focus areas in ferroptosis research. In this paper, we analyze the ferroptosis-inducing drugs and experimental agents that have been used in the last 5 years in the treatment of HCC. We summarize four different key molecular mechanisms that induce ferroptosis, i.e., system xc-/GSH/GPX4, iron metabolism, p53 and lipid peroxidation. Finally, we outline the prognostic analysis associated with ferroptosis in HCC. The findings summarized suggest that ferroptosis induction can serve as a promising new therapeutic approach for HCC and can provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and prevention of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanqing Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Wang, ; Kang Xu,
| | - Haiying Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianqiong Liu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Kang Xu
- Hubei Engineering Technology Research Center of Chinese Materia Medica Processing, College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xiaoqiang Wang, ; Kang Xu,
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Deligiorgi MV, Trafalis DT. The continuum of care of anticancer treatment-induced hypothyroidism in patients with solid non thyroid tumors: time for an intimate collaboration between oncologists and endocrinologists. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2022; 15:531-549. [PMID: 35757870 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2022.2093714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypothyroidism is a common adverse event of various anticancer treatment modalities, constituting a notable paradigm of the integration of the endocrine perspective into precision oncology. AREAS COVERED The present narrative review provides a comprehensive and updated overview of anticancer treatment-induced hypothyroidism in patients with solid non-thyroid tumors. A study search was conducted on the following electronic databases: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus.com, ClinicalTrials.gov, and European Union Clinical Trials Register from 2011 until August 2021. EXPERT OPINION In patients with solid non-thyroid tumors, hypothyroidism is a common adverse event of radiotherapy, high dose interleukin 2 (HD IL-2), interferon alpha (IFN-α), bexarotene, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPi), and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), while chemotherapy may induce hypothyroidism more often than initially considered. The path forward for the management of anticancer treatment-induced hypothyroidism in patients with solid non-thyroid tumors is an integrated approach grounded on 5 pillars: prevention, vigilance, diagnosis, treatment and monitoring. Current challenges concerning anticancer treatment-induced hypothyroidism await counteraction, namely awareness of the growing list of related anticancer treatments, identification of predictive factors, counteraction of diagnostic pitfalls, tuning of thyroid hormone replacement, and elucidation of its prognostic significance. Close collaboration of oncologists with endocrinologists will provide optimal patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria V Deligiorgi
- Department of Pharmacology - Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios T Trafalis
- Department of Pharmacology - Clinical Pharmacology Unit, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Faculty of Medicine, Athens, Greece
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Liu W, Li K, Deng H, Wang J, Zhao P, Liao W, Zhuo L, Wei H, Yang X, Chen Y. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of a novel anti-EGFR antibody labeled with 89Zr and 177Lu. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-08174-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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10
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Radiobiology of Targeted Alpha Therapy. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00093-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Zaheer J, Yu AR, Kim H, Kang HJ, Kang MK, Lee JJ, Kim JS. Diacerein, an inhibitor of IL-1β downstream mediated apoptosis, improves radioimmunotherapy in a mouse model of Burkitt's lymphoma. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:6147-6159. [PMID: 35018248 PMCID: PMC8727812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Lymphoma has the characteristics of a solid tumor. Penetration of monoclonal antibodies is limited in solid tumors during radioimmunotherapy (RIT). Here, we first investigated the use of diacerein (DIA) as a combination drug to improve the penetration and therapeutic efficacy of 131I-rituximab (RTX) using the Burkitt's lymphoma mouse model. We selected DIA through computational drug repurposing and focused on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) drug interaction genes to minimize side effects. Then, the cytotoxicity of DIA was assessed in vitro using three different lymphoma cell lines. DIA-induced apoptosis was confirmed by Western blotting. After confirming apoptosis, we confirmed the enhanced uptake of 131I-RTX in Burkitt's lymphoma mouse model using SPECT/CT. Autoradiography of 131I-RTX confirmed the therapeutic effect of DIA. Finally, the tumor size and survival rate were assessed to measure the enhanced therapeutic efficacy when DIA was used. In addition, we assessed the dose-dependency of DIA in terms of the accumulation of 131I-RTX in tumor tissue, the tumor size, and the survival rate. The in vitro cytotoxicity was 10.9%. We showed that DIA induced apoptosis which was related to downstream IL-1β signaling by Western blotting. We found increased Annexin V positive apoptosis after DIA administration. Immuno SPECT/CT images demonstrated a higher uptake of 131I-RTX in tumors in the DIA-administered group than that in the PBS-alone group. However, there were no statistical differences of dose-dependency between 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of DIA. Tumor growth was significantly inhibited in the group treated with the combination of DIA plus 131I-RTX at 7 days after injection. Our suggested combination of DIA and 131I-RTX strategies could enhance the efficacy of 131I-RTX treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javeria Zaheer
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesSeoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST)Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - A Ram Yu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osong Medical Innovation FoundationOsong, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongi Kim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesSeoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kang
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesSeoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST)Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyoung Kang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osong Medical Innovation FoundationOsong, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Jun Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osong Medical Innovation FoundationOsong, Chungbuk 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Su Kim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesSeoul 01812, Republic of Korea
- Radiological and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST)Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
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King AP, Lin FI, Escorcia FE. Why bother with alpha particles? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 49:7-17. [PMID: 34175980 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The approval of 223RaCl2 for cancer therapy in 2013 has heralded a resurgence of interest in the development of α-particle emitting radiopharmaceuticals. In the last decade, over a dozen α-emitting radiopharmaceuticals have entered clinical trials, spawned by strong preclinical studies. In this article, we explore the potential role of α-particle therapy in cancer treatment. We begin by providing a background for the basic principles of therapy with α-emitters, and we explore recent breakthroughs in therapy with α-emitting radionuclides, including conjugates with small molecules and antibodies. Finally, we discuss some outstanding challenges to the clinical adoption of α-therapies and potential strategies to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Paden King
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Frank I Lin
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA
| | - Freddy E Escorcia
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
- Radiation Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20817, USA.
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Kumar AR, Devan AR, Nair B, Vinod BS, Nath LR. Harnessing the immune system against cancer: current immunotherapy approaches and therapeutic targets. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:8075-8095. [PMID: 34671902 PMCID: PMC8605995 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06752-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy is a rapidly evolving concept that has been given the tag "fifth pillar" of cancer therapy while radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery and targeted therapy remain the other four pillars. This involves the stimulation of the immune system to control tumor growth and it specifically targets the neoplastic cells rather than the normal cells. Conventional chemotherapy has many limitations which include drug resistance, recurrence of cancer and severe adverse effects. Immunology has made major treatment breakthroughs for several cancers such as colorectal cancer, prostate cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, liver cancer, kidney cancer, stomach cancer, acute lymphoblastic leukaemia etc. Currently, therapeutic strategies harnessing the immune system involve Checkpoint inhibitors, Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T cells), Monoclonal antibodies, Cancer vaccines, Cytokines, Radio-immunotherapy and Oncolytic virus therapy. The molecular characterization of several tumor antigens (TA) indicates that these TA can be utilized as promising candidates in cancer immunotherapy strategies. Here in this review, we highlight and summarize the different categories of emerging cancer immunotherapies along with the immunologically recognized tumor antigens involved in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayana R Kumar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P. O., Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Aswathy R Devan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P. O., Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Bhagyalakshmi Nair
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P. O., Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India
| | - Balachandran S Vinod
- Department of Biochemistry, Sree Narayana College, Kollam, Kerala, 691001, India.
| | - Lekshmi R Nath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, AIMS Health Science Campus, Ponekkara P. O., Kochi, Kerala, 682041, India.
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Lin B, Du H, Fan J, Huang D, Gao F, Li J, Zhang Y, Feng G, Dai T, Du X. Radioimmunotherapy Combined With Low-Intensity Ultrasound and Microbubbles: A Potential Novel Strategy for Treatment of Solid Tumors. Front Oncol 2021; 11:750741. [PMID: 34745976 PMCID: PMC8570127 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.750741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognosis of advanced malignant tumors is very poor, and effective treatment is limited. Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is a novel treatment method. However, its anti-tumor effect is relatively low in solid tumors, which is mainly due to the blood-tumor barrier preventing RIT from penetrating the tumor, resulting in an insufficient dose. Low-intensity ultrasound with microbubbles (USMB) has proven capable of opening the blood-tumor barrier. The combination of the two technologies may overcome the poor anti-tumor effect of RIT and promote the clinical application of RIT in solid tumors. In this article, we reviewed the current research status of RIT in the treatment of solid tumors and the opportunities and challenges of USMB combined with RIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binwei Lin
- Department of Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Huan Du
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Jinjia Fan
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Dan Huang
- Radiology Department, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Feng Gao
- Department of Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Department of Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Tangzhi Dai
- Department of Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Xiaobo Du
- Department of Oncology, Nuclear Medicine Laboratory of Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
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15
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Kim JS, Cho JM, Kim H, Jeong YK, Kim JK, Kim EH. Tumor treating fields can effectively overcome trastuzumab resistant breast cancer multiplication. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:3935-3945. [PMID: 34522459 PMCID: PMC8414379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The Human Epidermal Growth Receptor 2, or the HER2 is one of the highest expressed negative receptor that constitutes approximately 15-20% of malevolent breast cancerous tumors among women. The prevalence of HER2 has untimely and unfavorable consequences on breast cancer, and its underlying carcinomous cell processes, structures, and growth. Trastuzumab (TRZ), a humanized antibody that is rooted in relatively recent foundations, has been found operational in its construction of treatments against HER2-positive breast cancer. This drug is combined with radiotherapy or chemotherapy to deregulate HER2 genes in the body. However, patients who suffer from evolved tumors in advanced stages of cancer exhibit a good amount of tolerance towards singularly used TRZ treatment. Inversely, the factorization of Tumor Testing Fields (TTFields or TTFs) into cancer therapy revives the functions of a TRZ treatment plan, by sensitizing the HER2 genes to the drug. In turn, this facilitates TRZ to continue limiting cancerous cell multiplication and toxicity levels within the treatment. This research evaluates the aspects and effects of this pairing, both in vivo and in vitro through BT474 cells. The TTFields conduct an electromagnetic boundary, which generates sine-wave radiations to manipulate the HER2 gene structure. The methods followed in the research also examines the gene cell cultures and their viability through solutions like Tryptophan blue, or the Crystal violet which may or may not deliver certain testmants to the experiment. The Western Blot Test and the IHC confirm the presence of antibodies and negative receptors in the BT474 cells. These procedures contribute to the formulation of a treatment plan that overcomes the TRZ-resistant nature of the tumor, which is essentially the aim of the research. Thus, the paper substantiates that a healthy combination of TTF's with TRZ can enhance the penetration of TRZ after inducing apoptosis due to TTFields therapy. The success of a TTField in undertaking this pursuit makes room for more utilization of it in future cancerous treatment ventures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Su Kim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS)75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Cho
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeongi Kim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS)75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Youn Kyoung Jeong
- Radiation Non-clinical Center, Division of Radiation Research Infrastructure Operation Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical SciencesSeoul 01812, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Ki Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering & Radiology, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic University33 17-gil, Duryugongwon-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ho Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Daegu Catholic UniversityNam-gu, Daegu 42472, Republic of Korea
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16
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Suman SK, Subramanian S, Mukherjee A. Combination radionuclide therapy: A new paradigm. Nucl Med Biol 2021; 98-99:40-58. [PMID: 34029984 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2021.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Targeted molecular radionuclide therapy (MRT) has shown its potential for the treatment of cancers of multiple origins. A combination therapy strategy employing two or more distinct therapeutic approaches in cancer management is aimed at circumventing tumor resistance by simultaneously targeting compensatory signaling pathways or bypassing survival selection mutations acquired in response to individual monotherapies. Combination radionuclide therapy (CRT) is a newer application of the concept, utilizing a combination of radiolabeled molecular targeting agents with chemotherapy and beam radiation therapy for enhanced therapeutic index. Encouraging results are reported with chemotherapeutic agents in combination with radiolabeled targeting molecules for cancer therapy. With increasing awareness of the various survival and stress response pathways activated after radionuclide therapy, different holistic combinations of MRT agents with radiosensitizers targeting such pathways have also been explored. MRT has also been studied in combination with beam radiotherapy modalities such as external beam radiation therapy and carbon ion radiation therapy to enhance the anti-tumor response. Nanotechnology aids in CRT by bringing together multiple monotherapies on a single nanostructure platform for treating cancers in a more precise or personalized way. CRT will be a key player in managing cancers if correctly tailored to the individual patient profile. The success of CRT lies in an in-depth understanding of the radiobiological principles and pathways activated in response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishu Kant Suman
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Suresh Subramanian
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Archana Mukherjee
- Radiopharmaceuticals Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai 400094, India.
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17
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Kusumaningrum CE, Widyasari EM, Sriyani ME, Wongso H. Pharmacological activities and potential use of bovine colostrum for peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals: A review. PHARMACIA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/pharmacia.68.e65537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine colostrum (BC) is the initial milk produced by cows after giving birth. It has been used to treat human diseases, such as infections, inflammations, and cancers. Accumulating evidence suggests that bovine lactoferrin and bovine antibodies seem to be the most important bioactive constituents in BC. Thus, BC has also been reviewed for its potential to deliver short-term protection against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In addition, it can potentially be explored as a precursor for peptide-based radiopharmaceuticals. To date, several bioactive peptides have been isolated from BC, including casocidin-1, casecidin 15 and 17, isracidin, caseicin A, B, and C. Like other peptides, bioactive peptides derived from BC could be used as a valuable precursor for radiopharmaceuticals either for diagnosis or therapy purposes. This review provides bovine colostrum’s biological activities and a perspective on the potential use of peptides from BC for developing radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine.
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18
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Altunay B, Morgenroth A, Beheshti M, Vogg A, Wong NCL, Ting HH, Biersack HJ, Stickeler E, Mottaghy FM. HER2-directed antibodies, affibodies and nanobodies as drug-delivery vehicles in breast cancer with a specific focus on radioimmunotherapy and radioimmunoimaging. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 48:1371-1389. [PMID: 33179151 PMCID: PMC8113197 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-020-05094-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the present paper is to review the role of HER2 antibodies, affibodies and nanobodies as vehicles for imaging and therapy approaches in breast cancer, including a detailed look at recent clinical data from antibody drug conjugates and nanobodies as well as affibodies that are currently under development. RESULTS Clinical and preclinical studies have shown that the use of monoclonal antibodies in molecular imaging is impaired by slow blood clearance, associated with slow and low tumor uptake and with limited tumor penetration potential. Antibody fragments, such as nanobodies, on the other hand, can be radiolabelled with short-lived radioisotopes and provide high-contrast images within a few hours after injection, allowing early diagnosis and reduced radiation exposure of patients. Even in therapy, the small radioactively labeled nanobodies prove to be superior to radioactively labeled monoclonal antibodies due to their higher specificity and their ability to penetrate the tumor. CONCLUSION While monoclonal antibodies are well established drug delivery vehicles, the current literature on molecular imaging supports the notion that antibody fragments, such as affibodies or nanobodies, might be superior in this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betül Altunay
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Agnieszka Morgenroth
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mohsen Beheshti
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Düsseldorf, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Division of Molecular PET-Imaging and Theranostics , Paracelsus Medical University , Salzburg, 5020, Austria
| | - Andreas Vogg
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Hong Hoi Ting
- Nanomab Technology Limited, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Elmar Stickeler
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Düsseldorf, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Felix M Mottaghy
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Center of Integrated Oncology (CIO), Universities of Aachen, Bonn, Cologne and Düsseldorf, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937, Cologne, Germany.
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC+), 6202, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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19
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Mousavifar L, Roy R. Design, Synthetic Strategies, and Therapeutic Applications of Heterofunctional Glycodendrimers. Molecules 2021; 26:2428. [PMID: 33921945 PMCID: PMC8122629 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycodendrimers have attracted considerable interest in the field of dendrimer sciences owing to their plethora of implications in biomedical applications. This is primarily due to the fact that cell surfaces expose a wide range of highly diversified glycan architectures varying by the nature of the sugars, their number, and their natural multiantennary structures. This particular situation has led to cancer cell metastasis, pathogen recognition and adhesion, and immune cell communications that are implicated in vaccine development. The diverse nature and complexity of multivalent carbohydrate-protein interactions have been the impetus toward the syntheses of glycodendrimers. Since their inception in 1993, chemical strategies toward glycodendrimers have constantly evolved into highly sophisticated methodologies. This review constitutes the first part of a series of papers dedicated to the design, synthesis, and biological applications of heterofunctional glycodendrimers. Herein, we highlight the most common synthetic approaches toward these complex molecular architectures and present modern applications in nanomolecular therapeutics and synthetic vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - René Roy
- Glycosciences and Nanomaterial Laboratory, Université du Québec à Montréal, P.O. Box 8888, Succ. Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3P8, Canada;
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20
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White JM, Escorcia FE, Viola NT. Perspectives on metals-based radioimmunotherapy (RIT): moving forward. Theranostics 2021; 11:6293-6314. [PMID: 33995659 PMCID: PMC8120204 DOI: 10.7150/thno.57177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is FDA-approved for the clinical management of liquid malignancies, however, its use for solid malignancies remains a challenge. The putative benefit of RIT lies in selective targeting of antigens expressed on the tumor surface using monoclonal antibodies, to systemically deliver cytotoxic radionuclides. The past several decades yielded dramatic improvements in the quality, quantity, recent commercial availability of alpha-, beta- and Auger Electron-emitting therapeutic radiometals. Investigators have created new or improved existing bifunctional chelators. These bifunctional chelators bind radiometals and can be coupled to antigen-specific antibodies. In this review, we discuss approaches to develop radiometal-based RITs, including the selection of radiometals, chelators and antibody platforms (i.e. full-length, F(ab')2, Fab, minibodies, diabodies, scFv-Fc and nanobodies). We cite examples of the performance of RIT in the clinic, describe challenges to its implementation, and offer insights to address gaps toward translation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Chelating Agents/administration & dosage
- Chelating Agents/metabolism
- Click Chemistry
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Dose Fractionation, Radiation
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Forecasting
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/administration & dosage
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/therapeutic use
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/radiotherapy
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnostic imaging
- Neoplasms, Experimental/radiotherapy
- Organ Specificity
- Precision Medicine
- Radiation Tolerance
- Radioimmunotherapy/methods
- Radiopharmaceuticals/administration & dosage
- Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Single-Chain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Chain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Single-Domain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Domain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/administration & dosage
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. White
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Freddy E. Escorcia
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Nerissa T. Viola
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
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21
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Nguyen TT, Ho AS, Nguyen TKG, Nguyen TN, Bui VC, Nguyen TB, Dang HHQ, Nguyen DK, Nguyen TN, Nguyen LT. Efficacy of nimotuzumab (hR3) conjugated with 131I or 90Y in laryngeal carcinoma xenograft mouse model. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:704-713. [PMID: 33617414 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1889703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The humanized monoclonal antibody hR3, both alone and in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents and radiotherapy, can be used to treat head and neck cancers. Substantial progress has been made in the development of targeted radioimmunotherapy using iodine-131 (131I) and yttrium-90 (90Y) radioisotopes in recent years. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of hR3 conjugated with 131I or 90Y to inhibit tumor growth in a laryngeal carcinoma xenograft tumor model. METHODS hR3 was labeled with 131I or 90Y to generate the conjugates 131I-hR3 or 90Y-hR3. The conjugates were incubated with HEp-2 laryngeal carcinoma cells to evaluate binding capacity. The efficacy of the labeled hR3 conjugates to treat laryngeal cancer was also evaluated in nude mice inoculated with HEp-2 tumors. RESULTS The purified radioimmunoconjugates with specific activities of 187-191 MBq/mg had radiochemical purity >98% and >80% immunoreactivity with HEp-2 cells. Mice with HEp-2 xenografts treated with 131I-hR3 or 90Y-hR3 showed reduced tumor volume and improved survival rates compared to the untreated control group and the group treated with unlabeled hR3. At equivalent doses, radioimmunotherapeutic hR3 labeled with 90Y had increased tumor inhibition activity compared to hR3 labeled with 131I. CONCLUSIONS 131I-hR3 and 90Y-hR3 are promising targeted radiopharmaceuticals for treatment of head and neck cancers, especially laryngeal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anh-Son Ho
- Institute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Linh-Toan Nguyen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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22
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Shah A, Rauth S, Aithal A, Kaur S, Ganguly K, Orzechowski C, Varshney GC, Jain M, Batra SK. The Current Landscape of Antibody-based Therapies in Solid Malignancies. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1493-1512. [PMID: 33391547 PMCID: PMC7738893 DOI: 10.7150/thno.52614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades, monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have revolutionized the landscape of cancer therapy. Still, this benefit remains restricted to a small proportion of patients due to moderate response rates and resistance emergence. The field has started to embrace better mAb-based formats with advancements in molecular and protein engineering technologies. The development of a therapeutic mAb with long-lasting clinical impact demands a prodigious understanding of target antigen, effective mechanism of action, gene engineering technologies, complex interplay between tumor and host immune system, and biomarkers for prediction of clinical response. This review discusses the various approaches used by mAbs for tumor targeting and mechanisms of therapeutic resistance that is not only caused by the heterogeneity of tumor antigen, but also the resistance imposed by tumor microenvironment (TME), including inefficient delivery to the tumor, alteration of effector functions in the TME, and Fc-gamma receptor expression diversity and polymorphism. Further, this article provides a perspective on potential strategies to overcome these barriers and how diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers are being used in predicting response to mAb-based therapies. Overall, understanding these interdependent parameters can improve the current mAb-based formulations and develop novel mAb-based therapeutics for achieving durable clinical outcomes in a large subset of patients.
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23
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Kim EH, Ko HY, Yu AR, Kim H, Zaheer J, Kang HJ, Lim YC, Cho KD, Joo HY, Kang MK, Lee JJ, Lee SS, Kang HJ, Lim SM, Kim JS. Inhibition of HIF-1α by Atorvastatin During 131I-RTX Therapy in Burkitt's Lymphoma Model. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1203. [PMID: 32403237 PMCID: PMC7281655 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12051203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) serves as a targeted therapy for non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). Although HIF(Hypoxia-inducible factors)-1α is an important biomarker during radiation therapy, its role in NHL is unclear. Atorvastatin (ATV) is used as a combination drug for chemotherapy. METHODS We investigated whether ATV downregulated tumor radio-resistance and enhanced the anticancer effect of 131I-RTX (rituximab) in Raji xenograft mouse models. First, the increased uptake and enhanced therapeutic effect of 131I-RTX by ATV was confirmed using molecular imaging in Raji xenograft subcutaneous model and orthotropic model with SPECT and IVIS images. Second, we examined the profile of differentially expressed miRNAs using miRNA array. RESULTS We found that miR-346 inhibited HIF-1α/VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor) during ATV combination therapy with 131I-RTX. The underlying mechanism of ATV involved induction of anti-angiogenesis and radiosensitivity by downregulating HIF-1α in Raji cells. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that combination therapy with ATV and 131I-RTX is a promising strategy for enhancing the potency of 131I-RTX therapy in poorly responding patients and those with radio-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Ho Kim
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (E.-H.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, 33, 17-gil, Duryugongwon-ro, Nam-gu, Daegu 705-718, Korea
| | - Hae Young Ko
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (H.Y.K.); (H.K.); (J.Z.); (H.J.K.); (Y.-C.L.); (K.D.C.); (S.M.L.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - A Ram Yu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Osong, Chungbuk 28159, Korea; (A.R.Y.); (M.K.K.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Hyeongi Kim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (H.Y.K.); (H.K.); (J.Z.); (H.J.K.); (Y.-C.L.); (K.D.C.); (S.M.L.)
| | - Javeria Zaheer
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (H.Y.K.); (H.K.); (J.Z.); (H.J.K.); (Y.-C.L.); (K.D.C.); (S.M.L.)
- Radiologcial and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of science and technology (UST), Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Hyun Ji Kang
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (H.Y.K.); (H.K.); (J.Z.); (H.J.K.); (Y.-C.L.); (K.D.C.); (S.M.L.)
- Radiologcial and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of science and technology (UST), Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Young-Cheol Lim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (H.Y.K.); (H.K.); (J.Z.); (H.J.K.); (Y.-C.L.); (K.D.C.); (S.M.L.)
| | - Kyung Deuk Cho
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (H.Y.K.); (H.K.); (J.Z.); (H.J.K.); (Y.-C.L.); (K.D.C.); (S.M.L.)
| | - Hyun-Yoo Joo
- Division of Radiation Biomedical Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (E.-H.K.); (H.-Y.J.)
| | - Min Kyoung Kang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Osong, Chungbuk 28159, Korea; (A.R.Y.); (M.K.K.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Jae Jun Lee
- Laboratory Animal Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Osong, Chungbuk 28159, Korea; (A.R.Y.); (M.K.K.); (J.J.L.)
| | - Seung-Sook Lee
- Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea;
| | - Hye Jin Kang
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea;
| | - Sang Moo Lim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (H.Y.K.); (H.K.); (J.Z.); (H.J.K.); (Y.-C.L.); (K.D.C.); (S.M.L.)
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Jin Su Kim
- Division of RI Application, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences (KIRAMS), 75 Nowon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01812, Korea; (H.Y.K.); (H.K.); (J.Z.); (H.J.K.); (Y.-C.L.); (K.D.C.); (S.M.L.)
- Radiologcial and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of science and technology (UST), Seoul 01812, Korea
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