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Zhang P, Liu N, Xue M, Zhang M, Xiao Z, Xu C, Fan Y, Qiu J, Zhang Q, Zhou Y. β-Sitosterol Reduces the Content of Triglyceride and Cholesterol in a High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Model. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1289. [PMID: 38731293 PMCID: PMC11083524 DOI: 10.3390/ani14091289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with hyperlipidemia, which is closely related to high levels of sugar and fat. β-sitosterol is a natural product with significant hypolipidemic and cholesterol-lowering effects. However, the underlying mechanism of its action on aquatic products is not completely understood. METHODS A high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD zebrafish model was successfully established, and the anti-hyperlipidemic effect and potential mechanism of β-sitosterol were studied using oil red O staining, filipin staining, and lipid metabolomics. RESULTS β-sitosterol significantly reduced the accumulation of triglyceride, glucose, and cholesterol in the zebrafish model. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that differential lipid molecules in β-sitosterol mainly regulated the lipid metabolism and signal transduction function of the zebrafish model. β-sitosterol mainly affected steroid biosynthesis and steroid hormone biosynthesis in the zebrafish model. Compared with the HFD group, the addition of 500 mg/100 g of β-sitosterol significantly inhibited the expression of Ppar-γ and Rxr-α in the zebrafish model by at least 50% and 25%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS β-sitosterol can reduce lipid accumulation in the zebrafish model of NAFLD by regulating lipid metabolism and signal transduction and inhibiting adipogenesis and lipid storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Naicheng Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Mengjie Zhang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zidong Xiao
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Chen Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
| | - Junqiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan 430223, China; (P.Z.); (N.L.); (M.X.); (M.Z.); (Z.X.); (C.X.); (Y.F.)
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Fan YG, Wu TY, Zhao LX, Jia RJ, Ren H, Hou WJ, Wang ZY. From zinc homeostasis to disease progression: Unveiling the neurodegenerative puzzle. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107039. [PMID: 38123108 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is a crucial trace element in the human body, playing a role in various physiological processes such as oxidative stress, neurotransmission, protein synthesis, and DNA repair. The zinc transporters (ZnTs) family members are responsible for exporting intracellular zinc, while Zrt- and Irt-like proteins (ZIPs) are involved in importing extracellular zinc. These processes are essential for maintaining cellular zinc homeostasis. Imbalances in zinc metabolism have been linked to the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Disruptions in zinc levels can impact the survival and activity of neurons, thereby contributing to the progression of neurodegenerative diseases through mechanisms like cell apoptosis regulation, protein phase separation, ferroptosis, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation. Therefore, conducting a systematic review of the regulatory network of zinc and investigating the relationship between zinc dysmetabolism and neurodegenerative diseases can enhance our understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases. Additionally, it may offer new insights and approaches for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Gang Fan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Ting-Yao Wu
- First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou 121000, China
| | - Ling-Xiao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Rong-Jun Jia
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Hang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Wen-Jia Hou
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Zhan-You Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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3
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Peng D, Yang L, Liang XF, Chai F. Dietary zinc levels affect growth, appetite, and lipid metabolism of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2023; 49:1017-1030. [PMID: 37718352 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01238-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
An 84-day feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary Zn (zinc) on growth performance, food intake, and lipid metabolism of Chinese perch (Siniperca chuatsi). Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets with differential Zn contents (67, 100, 149, 230, and 410 mg/kg) were fed to 270 fish (35.47 ± 0.49 g). Results showed that fish growth and food intake increased markedly with the dietary 149 mg/kg Zn levels. Meanwhile, the food intake of 149 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of other treatment groups after feeding for 8 weeks (P < 0.05). The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression of center appetite regulation factors in the hypothalamus was significantly regulated, and 149 mg/kg significantly increased mRNA expression of npy (neuropeptide Y) and decreased pomc (anorexigenic proopiomelanocortin) and cart (cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript) gene expression. Meanwhile, the expressions of the main genes (such as leptin A and ghrelin) involved in peripheral appetite regulation factors were significantly up-regulated firstly and then reduced with the dietary Zn level increased, whereas the expression of cck (cholecystokinin) was significantly up-regulated. Serum AST (aspartate transaminase) and ALT (alanine transaminase) activities in fish fed the diets containing 230 and 410 mg/kg were significantly higher than that in other groups (P < 0.05). The lipid content of liver in 67 and 100 mg/kg groups was significantly higher than other groups (P < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary Zn significantly elevated the serum TG (triglyceride) and TCHO (total cholesterol) content levels (P < 0.05). Fish fed a high Zn diet (149, 230, and 410 mg/kg) dramatically down-regulated expression of srebp1 (sterol regulatory element binding proteins1c) and fas (fatty acid synthetase), but up-regulated expression of pparα (peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-α) and cpt1 (carnitine palmitoyl transferase I) in the liver. The optimal dietary Zn inclusion level ranged from 146.69 to 152.86 mg/kg diet, based on two-slope broken-line regression analysis of WGR (weight gain rate) and FCR (feed conversion rate) for Chinese perch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Peng
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Linwei Yang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xu-Fang Liang
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China.
- Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Farui Chai
- College of Fisheries, Chinese Perch Research Center, Huazhong Agricultural University, No.1, Shizishan Street, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei Province, China
- Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Zhou B, Li J, Zhang J, Liu H, Chen S, He Y, Wang T, Wang C. Effects of Long-Term Dietary Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle on Liver Function, Deposition, and Absorption of Trace Minerals in Intrauterine Growth Retardation Pigs. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:4746-4757. [PMID: 36585599 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03547-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the long-term effects of dietary zinc oxide nanoparticle (Nano-ZnO, 20-40 nm) on the relative organ weight, liver function, deposition, and absorption of trace minerals in intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) pigs, piglets were allocated to NBW (6 normal birth weight piglets fed basal diets), IUGR (6 IUGR piglets fed basal diets) and IUGR+NZ (6 IUGR piglets fed basal diets + 600 mg Zn/kg from Nano-ZnO) groups at weaning (21 days of age), which were sampled at 163 days of age. There were no noteworthy changes in the relative weight of organs, hepatic histomorphology, serum alkaline phosphatase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase and glutamic oxalacetic transaminase activities, and Mn, Cu, and Fe concentrations in leg muscle, the liver, the tibia, and feces among the IUGR, NBW, and IUGR+NZ groups (P>0.05), and no intact Nano-ZnO in the jejunum, liver, and muscle was observed, while dietary Nano-ZnO increased the Zn concentrations in the tibia, the liver, serum, and feces (P<0.05) and mRNA expression of metallothionein (MT) 1A, MT2A, solute carrier family 39 member (ZIP) 4, ZIP14, ZIP8, divalent metal transporter 1, solute carrier family 30 member (ZnT) 1, ZnT4 and metal regulatory transcription factor 1, and ZIP8 protein expression in jejunal mucosa (P<0.05). Immunohistochemistry showed that dietary Nano-ZnO increased the relative optical density of ZIP8 (mainly expressed in cells of brush border) and MT2A (mainly expressed in villus lamina propria and gland/crypt) (P<0.05). In conclusion, long-term dietary Nano-ZnO showed no obvious side effects on the development of the major organs, liver function, and metabolism of Cu, Fe, and Mn in IUGR pigs, while it increased the Zn absorption and deposition via enhancing the expression of transporters (MT, ZIP, and ZnT families) in the jejunum, rather than via endocytosis as the form of intact nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binbin Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yudan He
- Department of Animal Science, Jiangxi Biotech Vocational College, 608 Nanlian Road, Nanchang, 330200, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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Xu YC, Zheng H, Guo JC, Tan XY, Zhao T, Song YF, Wei XL, Luo Z. Effects of Different Dietary Zinc (Zn) Sources on Growth Performance, Zn Metabolism, and Intestinal Health of Grass Carp. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1664. [PMID: 37759967 PMCID: PMC10525721 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This research was conducted to investigate the effects of four dietary zinc (Zn) sources on growth performance, Zn metabolism, antioxidant capacity, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and tight junctions in the intestine of grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella. Four Zn sources consisted of Zn dioxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), Zn sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4·7H2O), Zn lactate (Zn-Lac), and Zn glycine chelate (Zn-Gly), respectively. Grass carp with an initial body weight of 3.54 g/fish were fed one of four experimental diets for 8 weeks. Compared to inorganic Zn (ZnSO4·7H2O), grass carp fed the ZnO NPs and Zn-Gly diets exhibited better growth performance. Furthermore, grass carp fed the organic Zn (Zn-Lac and Zn-Gly) diets displayed enhanced Zn transport activity, improved intestinal histology, and increased intestinal tight junction-related genes expression compared to other groups. In comparison to other Zn sources, dietary ZnO NPs caused increased Zn deposition and damaged antioxidation capacity by suppressing antioxidant enzymatic activities and related gene expression in the intestine. Grass cap fed the ZnO NPs diet also exhibited lower mRNA abundance of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress- and tight junction-associated genes. According to the above findings, it can be concluded that dietary organic Zn addition (Zn-Lac and Zn-Gly) is more beneficial for intestinal health in grass carp compared to inorganic and nanoform Zn sources. These findings provide valuable insights into the application of organic Zn sources, specifically Zn-Lac and Zn-Gly, in the diets for grass carp and potentially for other fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chuang Xu
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.-C.X.); (H.Z.); (J.-C.G.); (X.-Y.T.); (T.Z.); (Y.-F.S.); (X.-L.W.)
| | - Hua Zheng
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.-C.X.); (H.Z.); (J.-C.G.); (X.-Y.T.); (T.Z.); (Y.-F.S.); (X.-L.W.)
| | - Jia-Cheng Guo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.-C.X.); (H.Z.); (J.-C.G.); (X.-Y.T.); (T.Z.); (Y.-F.S.); (X.-L.W.)
| | - Xiao-Ying Tan
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.-C.X.); (H.Z.); (J.-C.G.); (X.-Y.T.); (T.Z.); (Y.-F.S.); (X.-L.W.)
| | - Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.-C.X.); (H.Z.); (J.-C.G.); (X.-Y.T.); (T.Z.); (Y.-F.S.); (X.-L.W.)
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.-C.X.); (H.Z.); (J.-C.G.); (X.-Y.T.); (T.Z.); (Y.-F.S.); (X.-L.W.)
| | - Xiao-Lei Wei
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.-C.X.); (H.Z.); (J.-C.G.); (X.-Y.T.); (T.Z.); (Y.-F.S.); (X.-L.W.)
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (Y.-C.X.); (H.Z.); (J.-C.G.); (X.-Y.T.); (T.Z.); (Y.-F.S.); (X.-L.W.)
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Fei F, Zhang P, Li X, Wang S, Feng E, Wan Y, Xie C. Effect of static magnetic field on marine mollusc Elysia leucolegnote. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 9:1103648. [PMID: 36703918 PMCID: PMC9871387 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1103648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial magnetic fields are unavoidable environment for offshore marine organisms. With the substantially increasing submarine cables, the impact of magnetic field generated by cables on marine organisms has gradually attracted people's attention. However, there are few studies on the effect of magnetic field on molluscs. To explore whether magnetic fields could interfere with the physiological functions of offshore molluscs, here we systematically analyzed the change of metabolism and transcriptome of Elysia leucolegnote exposed to either geomagnetic field or 1.1 T static magnetic field. The blood glucose and lipid levels, as well as the activities of antioxidant enzymes in E. leucolegnote were significantly increased upon the exposure to high static magnetic field for 10 days. Meanwhile, the activities of enzymes related to digestive performance and liver functions were decreased. Possible mechanisms were further revealed through comparative transcriptome analysis. A total of 836 differentially expressed genes were identified, 352 of which were up-regulated and 484 of which were down-regulated after exposure to the high static magnetic field. The up-regulated differential genes were mainly concentrated in lysosomal and apoptotic pathways, and down-regulated differential genes were mainly involved in digestive and immune systems including phagocytosis. This pattern was further confirmed by RT-qPCR analysis. In conclusion, prolonged exposure to a 1.1 T static magnetic field increased oxidative stress and blood glucose and lipid levels, and decreased immunity and physiological conditions in E. leucolegnote. The data we presented here provides a comprehensive view of metabolism change and gene expression pattern of E. leucolegnote exposed to static magnetic field. It may expand our knowledge on the magnetic field effects on offshore mollusc at molecular level, and contribute to clarification of the interaction between marine animals and artificial magnetic fields, which is certainly ecologically important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Fei
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Shun Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China,Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Erhui Feng
- Hainan Dong Zhai Gang National Nature Reserve Authority, Haikou, Hainan, China
| | - Yinglang Wan
- Hainan Key Laboratory for Sustainable Utilization of Tropical Bioresources, College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Can Xie
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China,International Magnetobiology Frontier Research Center, Science Island, Hefei, China,*Correspondence: Can Xie,
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Li H, Herrmann T, Seeßle J, Liebisch G, Merle U, Stremmel W, Chamulitrat W. Role of fatty acid transport protein 4 in metabolic tissues: insights into obesity and fatty liver disease. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:BSR20211854. [PMID: 35583196 PMCID: PMC9160530 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid (FA) metabolism is a series of processes that provide structural substances, signalling molecules and energy. Ample evidence has shown that FA uptake is mediated by plasma membrane transporters including FA transport proteins (FATPs), caveolin-1, fatty-acid translocase (FAT)/CD36, and fatty-acid binding proteins. Unlike other FA transporters, the functions of FATPs have been controversial because they contain both motifs of FA transport and fatty acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS). The widely distributed FATP4 is not a direct FA transporter but plays a predominant function as an ACS. FATP4 deficiency causes ichthyosis premature syndrome in mice and humans associated with suppression of polar lipids but an increase in neutral lipids including triglycerides (TGs). Such a shift has been extensively characterized in enterocyte-, hepatocyte-, and adipocyte-specific Fatp4-deficient mice. The mutants under obese and non-obese fatty livers induced by different diets persistently show an increase in blood non-esterified free fatty acids and glycerol indicating the lipolysis of TGs. This review also focuses on FATP4 role on regulatory networks and factors that modulate FATP4 expression in metabolic tissues including intestine, liver, muscle, and adipose tissues. Metabolic disorders especially regarding blood lipids by FATP4 deficiency in different cell types are herein discussed. Our results may be applicable to not only patients with FATP4 mutations but also represent a model of dysregulated lipid homeostasis, thus providing mechanistic insights into obesity and development of fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Li
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Thomas Herrmann
- Westkuesten Hospital, Esmarchstraße 50, 25746 Heide, Germany
| | - Jessica Seeßle
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Uta Merle
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Stremmel
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Walee Chamulitrat
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University of Heidelberg Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Chen GH, Song CC, Zhao T, Hogstrand C, Wei XL, Lv WH, Song YF, Luo Z. Mitochondria-Dependent Oxidative Stress Mediates ZnO Nanoparticle (ZnO NP)-Induced Mitophagy and Lipotoxicity in Freshwater Teleost Fish. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:2407-2420. [PMID: 35107266 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c07198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Due to many special characteristics, zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are widely used all over the world, leading to their wide distribution in the environment. However, the toxicities and mechanisms of environmental ZnO NP-induced changes of physiological processes and metabolism remain largely unknown. Here, we found that addition of dietary ZnO NPs disturbed hepatic Zn metabolism, increased hepatic Zn and lipid accumulation, downregulated lipolysis, induced oxidative stress, and activated mitophagy; N,N,N',N'-tetrakis (2-pyridylmethyl) ethylenediamine (TPEN, Zn2+ ions chelator) alleviated high ZnO NP-induced Zn and lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and mitophagy. Mechanistically, the suppression of mitochondrial oxidative stress attenuated ZnO NP-activated mitophagy and ZnO NP-induced lipotoxicity. Taken together, our study elucidated that mitochondrial oxidative stress mediated ZnO NP-induced mitophagy and lipotoxicity; ZnO NPs could be dissociated to free Zn2+ ions, which partially contributed to ZnO NP-induced changes in oxidative stress, mitophagy, and lipid metabolism. Our study provides novel insights into the impacts and mechanism of ZnO NPs as harmful substances inducing lipotoxicity of aquatic organisms, and accordingly, metabolism-relevant parameters will be useful for the risk assessment of nanoparticle materials in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Hui Chen
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chang-Chun Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Tao Zhao
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, U.K
| | - Xiao-Lei Wei
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wu-Hong Lv
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yu-Feng Song
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China
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Dietary Nano-ZnO Is Absorbed via Endocytosis and ZIP Pathways, Upregulates Lipogenesis, and Induces Lipotoxicity in the Intestine of Yellow Catfish. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222112047. [PMID: 34769475 PMCID: PMC8584588 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222112047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Nano-sized zinc oxide (nano-ZnO) affects lipid deposition, but its absorption patterns and mechanisms affecting lipid metabolism are still unclear. This study was undertaken to investigate the molecular mechanism of nano-ZnO absorption and its effects on lipid metabolism in the intestinal tissues of a widely distributed freshwater teleost yellow catfish Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. We found that 100 mg/kg dietary nano-ZnO (H-Zn group) significantly increased intestinal Zn contents. The zip6 and zip10 mRNA expression levels were higher in the H-Zn group than those in the control (0 mg/kg nano-ZnO), and zip4 mRNA abundances were higher in the control than those in the L-Zn (50 mg/kg nano-ZnO) and H-Zn groups. Eps15, dynamin1, dynamin2, caveolin1, and caveolin2 mRNA expression levels tended to reduce with dietary nano-ZnO addition. Dietary nano-ZnO increased triglyceride (TG) content and the activities of the lipogenic enzymes glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD), and isocitrate dehydrogenase (ICDH), upregulated the mRNA abundances of lipogenic genes 6pgd, fatty acid synthase (fas), and sterol regulatory element binding protein 1 (srebp1), and reduced the mRNA expression of farnesoid X receptor (fxr) and small heterodimer partner (shp). The SHP protein level in the H-Zn group was lower than that in the control and the L-Zn group markedly. Our in vitro study indicated that the intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) absorbed nano-ZnO via endocytosis, and nano-Zn-induced TG deposition and lipogenesis were partially attributable to the endocytosis of nano-ZnO in IECs. Mechanistically, nano-ZnO-induced TG deposition was closely related to the metal responsive transcription factor 1 (MTF-1)-SHP pathway. Thus, for the first time, we found that the lipogenesis effects of nano-ZnO probably depended on the key gene shp, which is potentially regulated by MTF1 and/or FXR. This novel signaling pathway of MTF-1 through SHP may be relevant to explain the toxic effects and lipotoxicity ascribed to dietary nano-ZnO addition.
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Zeng H, Zhang P, Ye H, Ji Y, Hogstrand C, Green I, Xiao J, Fu Q, Guo Z. Waterborne zinc bioaccumulation influences glucose metabolism in orange-spotted grouper embryos. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117325. [PMID: 34030065 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fish embryos, as an endogenous system, strictly regulate an energy metabolism that is particularly sensitive to environmental pressure. This study used orange-spotted grouper embryos and stable isotope 67Zn to test the hypothesis that waterborne Zn exposure had a significant effect on energy metabolism in embryos. The fish embryos were exposed to a gradient level of waterborne 67Zn, and then sampled to quantify 67Zn bioaccumulation and mRNA expressions of key genes involved glucose metabolism. The results indicated that the bioaccumulated 67Zn generally increased with increasing waterborne 67Zn concentrations, while it tended to be saturated at waterborne 67Zn > 0.7 mg L-1. As we hypothesized, the expression of PK and PFK gene involved glycolysis pathway was significantly up-regulated under waterborne 67Zn exposure >4 mg L-1. Waterborne 67Zn exposure >2 mg L-1 significantly suppressed PCK and G6PC gene expression involved gluconeogenesis pathway, and also inhibited the AKT2, GSK-3beta and GLUT4 genes involved Akt signaling pathway. Our findings first characterized developmental stage-dependent Zn uptake and genotoxicity in fish embryos. We suggest fish embryos, as a small-scale modeling biosystem, have a large potential and wide applicability for determining cytotoxicity/genotoxicity of waterborne metal in aquatic ecosystem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiling Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Peifeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Hengzhen Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yuxiang Ji
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Metals Metabolism Group, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Iain Green
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bournemouth University, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK
| | - Juan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Qiongyao Fu
- School of Tropical Medicine and Laboratory Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan, 571199, China
| | - Zhiqiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Wu K, Chen GH, Hogstrand C, Ling SC, Wu LX, Luo Z. Methionine-chelated Zn promotes anabolism by integrating mTOR signal and autophagy pathway in juvenile yellow catfish. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2021; 65:126732. [PMID: 33607355 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2021.126732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amino acid-chelated zinc (Zn) can increase anabolism of animals. However, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We aimed to examine how autophagy impact anabolism following a diet containing methionine-chelated Zn (ZnMet) compared with inorganic Zn (ZnSO4). METHODS Yellow catfish (weight: 4.02 ± 0.08 g) were fed two diets containing ZnSO4 or ZnMet for 8 wk. The differences in transcriptional responses and corresponding biological profiles were compared between the livers of fish fed the two Zn sources of diets. Hepatocytes of yellow catfish were incubated for 48 h in medium containing ZnSO4 (10 μM ZnSO4) or ZnMet (10 μM ZnMet) after 2 h pretreated with or without pathway inhibitors. Intracellular Zn, TG and protein contents, lipid droplet and autophagic vesicles were detected. Ultrastructural observation, enzymatic activities, qPCR assays, western blot and immunofluorescence analysis were conducted. RESULTS ZnMet up-regulated the expression of genes associated with anabolism and autophagy. The differentially expressed genes (DEG) analysis indicated that both mTOR and autophagy pathways were activated. ZnMet-induced activation of autophagy was mTOR-independent. In this process, forkhead box class O was deacetylated and activated, and induced autophagy, which provided substrates for energy generation. CONCLUSIONS ZnMet increased anabolism through integrating mTOR signal and autophagy pathway in yellow catfish. The present study unravels a novel mechanism for amino acid-chelated minerals improving anabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Guang-Hui Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Christer Hogstrand
- Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences Division, School of Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Shi-Cheng Ling
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Li-Xiang Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhi Luo
- Laboratory of Molecular Nutrition, Fishery College, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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