1
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Said NM, El-Shaer NH. Association of serum trefoil factor 3 and leptin levels with obesity: A case-control study. Cytokine 2024; 181:156690. [PMID: 38996578 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2024.156690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity has a detrimental impact on individuals, communities, and healthcare systems. Trefoil factor 3 is a secretory protein involved in metabolic processes related to weight regulation. However, its relation with obesity is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the serum trefoil factor 3 level and to immunohistochemical detect the leptin in obese patients to evaluate their relation to obesity pathogenesis. METHODS As a case-control study, we enrolled 83 non-obese persons as a control group with a BMI (18.5-24.9) and 83 obese persons as a patient group with a BMI > 30. All the study volunteers are subjected to anthropometric measurements, glucose, and lipid profile analysis by colorimetric methods. Serum trefoil factor 3 level was estimated by ELISA and leptin hormone was detected immunohistochemically in the blood using cell block technique. RESULTS ROC curve analysis for TFF3 showed a good relation with obesity with an AUC of 0.891 and a cut-off value of > 96 ng/ml. There was a significant positive correlation between TFF3 and fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, and triglycerides. The logistic regression analysis showed that TFF3 is a good risk factor for obesity incidence [p = 0.008; OR = 1.117; (95 % CI): 1.029-1.213]. This was confirmed by multiple linear regression that gave an equation for the possibility of predicting BMI using several factors including TFF3 [BMI = 0.821 + 0.051 × TFF3 + 0.044 × FBS + 0.85 × TC]. The more surprising was the ability of the immunohistochemistry cell block technique to detect leptin antigens associated with an obese person blood not only adipose tissue or serum. CONCLUSION Leptin hormone and TFF3 could be good indicators for obesity incidence. Further research with a larger sample size and in different populations could completely approve our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noha Mohamed Said
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
| | - Nahla H El-Shaer
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.
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2
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Fajardo C RJ, Clavijo C, Díaz GJ, Cadavid LF. Tissue distribution and expression dynamics of trefoil factor genes in the hydroid Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus. Gene 2024; 929:148824. [PMID: 39103057 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Proteins of the trefoil factor family (TFF) participate in mucosal repair and are formed by single or tandemly repeated trefoil domains. TFFs have been extensively studied in mammals and amphibians, but they have not been functionally characterized in other animals. Here we report the identification of two genes expressed in the hydroid Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus, predicted to encode trefoil domain-containing peptides, one with four trefoil domains in tandem and the other one with a trefoil domain flanked by two ShKT domains. Differential expression analyses by qPCR after an immune challenge and an induced mechanical damage, reveal that the former gene (hysyTFF) had no significant changes in expression after the inductions. However, the latter (hysyTFF-like) was overexpressed after three hours post immune challenge and was downregulated after the first hour post epithelial damage. Immunoblot analyses using specific IgY antibodies revealed that hysyTFF is secreted as a high molecular weight complex. Finally, whole mount immunofluorescence assays showed that hysyTFF was predominantly expressed in the endoderm of stolons and polyps, and sparsely in the ectoderm of both polyps and larvae. Thus, the tissue distribution and expression dynamics of trefoil factor genes in H. symbiolongicarpus suggest that hysyTFF is part of an ancient mechanism of epithelial restitution, and the newly reported hysyTFF-like might act as an immune effector gene, perhaps encoding an antibacterial peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Johana Fajardo C
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Carlos Clavijo
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gonzalo J Díaz
- Departamento de Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Luis F Cadavid
- Instituto de Genética, Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Sede Bogotá, 111321 Bogotá, Colombia.
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3
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Nie X, Li Q, Chen X, Onyango S, Xie J, Nie S. Bacterial extracellular vesicles: Vital contributors to physiology from bacteria to host. Microbiol Res 2024; 284:127733. [PMID: 38678680 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) represent spherical particles with diameters ranging from 20 to 400 nm filled with multiple parental bacteria-derived components, including proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and other biomolecules. The production of bEVs facilitates bacteria interacting with their environment and exerting biological functions. It is increasingly evident that the bEVs play integral roles in both bacterial and host physiology, contributing to environmental adaptations to functioning as health promoters for their hosts. This review highlights the current state of knowledge on the composition, biogenesis, and diversity of bEVs and the mechanisms by which different bEVs elicit effects on bacterial physiology and host health. We posit that an in-depth exploration of the mechanistic aspects of bEVs activity is essential to elucidate their health-promoting effects on the host and may facilitate the translation of bEVs into applications as novel natural biological nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinke Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Qiqiong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xinyang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China
| | | | - Junhua Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
| | - Shaoping Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China.
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4
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Masumoto Y, Matsuo S, Kinjou N, Narieda Y, Wada M, Fujimoto K. The expression of trefoil factor family member 2 in increased at an acidic pH. Oncol Lett 2024; 27:212. [PMID: 38572063 PMCID: PMC10988190 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2024.14345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Trefoil factor family member 2 (Tff2) is significantly involved in intestinal tumor growth in ApcMin/+ mice, which can be used as a human colon cancer model. TFF2, which encodes TFF2 (spasmolytic protein 1) is highly expressed in human cancer tissues, including the pancreas, colon and bile ducts, as well as in normal gastric and duodenum tissues. By contrast, TFF2 exhibits low expression levels in other normal tissues, including the small and large intestine. Furthermore, TFF2 expression has not been detected in DLD-1 cells, a cell line derived from human colon cancer. What induces TFF2 expression in normal and tumor cells is still unknown. Highly malignant tumor tissues are characterized by higher temperatures and lower pH (6.2-6.9) than in normal tissues, where normal pH ranges from 7.2 to 7.4. This microenvironment exacerbates malignancy by promoting the acquisition of cell death resistance, drug resistance and immune escape. Therefore, the present study examined how TFF2 expression is affected in cultured cells that imitate the tumor tissue microenvironment. The incubation temperature was increased from 37 to 40°C, but no expression of TFF2 was induced. Subsequently, a culture solution with an acidic pH was prepared to simulate the Warburg effect in tumors. TFF2 expression was increased by 42.8- and 5.8-fold in cells cultured in acidic medium at pH 6.5 and 6.8 compared with at pH 7.4, respectively, as determined using the relative quantification method following quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The present study also analyzed fluctuations in the expression levels of genes other than TFF2, under acidic conditions. Acidic conditions upregulated the expression of genes related to cell membranes and glycoproteins, based on the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. In conclusion, TFF2 was highly expressed under acidic conditions, implying that it may have an important function in protecting the plasma membrane from acidic environments in both normal and cancer cells. These findings warrant further investigation of TFF2 as a target of cancer therapy and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Masumoto
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Suzuka Matsuo
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Natsuno Kinjou
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Yuka Narieda
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Morimasa Wada
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
| | - Kyoko Fujimoto
- Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859 3298, Japan
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5
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Haase A, Alefeld E, Yalinci F, Meenen DV, Busch MA, Dünker N. Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide Receptor (GIPR) Overexpression Reduces the Tumorigenic Potential of Retinoblastoma Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1656. [PMID: 38730608 PMCID: PMC11083251 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common malignant intraocular tumor in early childhood. Gene expression profiling revealed that the gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor (GIPR) is upregulated following trefoil factor family peptide 1 (TFF1) overexpression in RB cells. In the study presented, we found this G protein-coupled transmembrane receptor to be co-expressed with TFF1, a new diagnostic and prognostic RB biomarker for advanced subtype 2 RBs. Functional analyses in two RB cell lines revealed a significant reduction in cell viability and growth and a concomitant increase in apoptosis following stable, lentiviral GIPR overexpression, matching the effects seen after TFF1 overexpression. In chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assays, GIPR-overexpressing RB cells developed significantly smaller CAM tumors. The effect of GIPR overexpression in RB cells was reversed by the GIPR inhibitor MK0893. The administration of recombinant TFF1 did not augment GIPR overexpression effects, suggesting that GIPR does not serve as a TFF1 receptor. Investigations of potential GIPR up- and downstream mediators suggest the involvement of miR-542-5p and p53 in GIPR signaling. Our results indicate a tumor suppressor role of GIPR in RB, suggesting its pathway as a new potential target for future retinoblastoma therapy.
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6
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Ethgen LM, Pastore C, Lin C, Reed DR, Hung LY, Douglas B, Sinker D, Herbert DR, Belle NM. A Trefoil factor 3-Lingo2 axis restrains proliferative expansion of type-1 T helper cells during GI nematode infection. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:238-256. [PMID: 38336020 PMCID: PMC11086637 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Host defense at the mucosal interface requires collaborative interactions between diverse cell lineages. Epithelial cells damaged by microbial invaders release reparative proteins such as the Trefoil factor family (TFF) peptides that functionally restore barrier integrity. However, whether TFF peptides and their receptors also serve instructive roles for immune cell function during infection is incompletely understood. Here, we demonstrate that the intestinal trefoil factor, TFF3, restrains (T cell helper) TH1 cell proliferation and promotes host-protective type 2 immunity against the gastrointestinal parasitic nematode Trichuris muris. Accordingly, T cell-specific deletion of the TFF3 receptor, leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin containing nogo receptor 2 (LINGO2), impairs TH2 cell commitment, allows proliferative expansion of interferon (IFN)g+ cluster of differentiation (CD)4+ TH1 cells and blocks normal worm expulsion through an IFNg-dependent mechanism. This study indicates that TFF3, in addition to its known tissue reparative functions, drives anti-helminth immunity by controlling the balance between TH1/TH2 subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas M Ethgen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Christopher Pastore
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Cailu Lin
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Danielle R Reed
- Monell Chemical Senses Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Li-Yin Hung
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bonnie Douglas
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Dominic Sinker
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - De'Broski R Herbert
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Nicole M Belle
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
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7
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Ding Q, Lin F, Huang Z, Li Y, Cai S, Chen X, Liu H, Qiu S. Non-coding RNA-related FCGBP downregulation in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: a novel biomarker for predicting paclitaxel resistance and immunosuppressive microenvironment. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4426. [PMID: 38396056 PMCID: PMC10891054 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55210-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), chemoresistance is a major reason for poor prognosis. Nevertheless, there is a lack of validated biomarkers to screen for patients for categorical chemotherapy. Fc gamma binding protein (FCGBP) is a mucus protein associated with mucosal epithelial cells and has immunological functions that protect against tumors and metastasis. However, the effect of FCGBP on HNSC is unclear. In pan-cancer tissues, the expression of FCGBP and the survival status of patients were analyzed using information from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Correlation analysis and Cox regression analysis were conducted to confirm the relationship and survival outcome. Bioinformatics analysis was utilized to predict the probable upstream non-coding RNA. FCGBP functioned as a potential tumor suppressor gene in HNSC. Notably, FCGBP expression was negatively correlated with enriched tumor-infiltrating macrophages and paclitaxel resistance. Cox regression with gene, clinical, and immune factors showed that FCGBP was a risk factor acting in an independent manner. In HNSC, the utmost possibly upstream non-coding RNA-related pathway of FCGBP was also discovered to be the PART1/AC007728.2/LINC00885/hsa-miR-877-5p/FCGBP axis. According to the present study, non-coding RNA-related low levels of FCGBP are a prognostic indicator and are linked to an HNSC-related immunosuppressive state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fengjie Lin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zongwei Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Sunqin Cai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
| | - Sufang Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, 350014, China.
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Medicine, Fuzhou, China.
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8
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Laskou A, Znalesniak EB, Harder S, Schlüter H, Jechorek D, Langer K, Strecker C, Matthes C, Tchaikovski SN, Hoffmann W. Different Forms of TFF3 in the Human Endocervix, including a Complex with IgG Fc Binding Protein (FCGBP), and Further Aspects of the Cervico-Vaginal Innate Immune Barrier. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2287. [PMID: 38396964 PMCID: PMC10888570 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
TFF3 is a typical secretory poplypeptide of mucous epithelia belonging to the trefoil factor family (TFF) of lectins. In the intestine, respiratory tract, and saliva, TFF3 mainly exists as a high-molecular-mass complex with IgG Fc binding protein (FCGBP), which is indicative of a role in mucosal innate immunity. For the first time, we identified different forms of TFF3 in the endocervix, i.e., monomeric and homodimeric TFF3, as well as a high-molecular-mass TFF3-FCGBP complex; the latter also exists in a hardly soluble form. Immunohistochemistry co-localized TFF3 and FCGBP. Expression analyses of endocervical and post-menopausal vaginal specimens revealed a lack of mucin and TFF3 transcripts in the vaginal specimens. In contrast, genes encoding other typical components of the innate immune defense were expressed in both the endocervix and vagina. Of note, FCGBP is possibly fucosylated. Endocervical specimens from transgender individuals after hormonal therapy showed diminished expression, particularly of FCGBP. Furthermore, mucus swabs from the endocervix and vagina were analyzed concerning TFF3, FCGBP, and lysozyme. It was the aim of this study to illuminate several aspects of the cervico-vaginal innate immune barrier, which is clinically relevant as bacterial and viral infections are also linked to infertility, pre-term birth and cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterini Laskou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eva B. Znalesniak
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Harder
- Section Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section Mass Spectrometric Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Dörthe Jechorek
- Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Kathrin Langer
- Institute of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Carina Strecker
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Gerhart-Hauptmann-Str. 35, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Matthes
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Gerhart-Hauptmann-Str. 35, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Svetlana N. Tchaikovski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Gerhart-Hauptmann-Str. 35, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Werner Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Zhang L, Muirhead KJ, Syed ZA, Dimitriadis EK, Ten Hagen KG. A novel cysteine-rich adaptor protein is required for mucin packaging and secretory granule stability in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2314309121. [PMID: 38285943 PMCID: PMC10861859 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2314309121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Mucins are large, highly glycosylated extracellular matrix proteins that line and protect epithelia of the respiratory, digestive, and urogenital tracts. Previous work has shown that mucins form large, interconnected polymeric networks that mediate their biological functions once secreted. However, how these large matrix molecules are compacted and packaged into much smaller secretory granules within cells prior to secretion is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that a small cysteine-rich adaptor protein is essential for proper packaging of a secretory mucin in vivo. This adaptor acts via cysteine bonding between itself and the cysteine-rich domain of the mucin. Loss of this adaptor protein disrupts mucin packaging in secretory granules, alters the mobile fraction within granules, and results in granules that are larger, more circular, and more fragile. Understanding the factors and mechanisms by which mucins and other highly glycosylated matrix proteins are properly packaged and secreted may provide insight into diseases characterized by aberrant mucin secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Developmental Glycobiology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892-4370
| | - Kayla J. Muirhead
- Developmental Glycobiology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892-4370
- Ambry Genetics, Aliso Viejo, CA92656
| | - Zulfeqhar A. Syed
- Developmental Glycobiology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892-4370
- Electron Microscopy Core Facility, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Emilios K. Dimitriadis
- Trans-NIH Resource on Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892
| | - Kelly G. Ten Hagen
- Developmental Glycobiology Section, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NIH, Bethesda, MD20892-4370
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10
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Lafzi A, Borrelli C, Baghai Sain S, Bach K, Kretz JA, Handler K, Regan-Komito D, Ficht X, Frei A, Moor A. Identifying Spatial Co-occurrence in Healthy and InflAmed tissues (ISCHIA). Mol Syst Biol 2024; 20:98-119. [PMID: 38225383 PMCID: PMC10897385 DOI: 10.1038/s44320-023-00006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Sequencing-based spatial transcriptomics (ST) methods allow unbiased capturing of RNA molecules at barcoded spots, charting the distribution and localization of cell types and transcripts across a tissue. While the coarse resolution of these techniques is considered a disadvantage, we argue that the inherent proximity of transcriptomes captured on spots can be leveraged to reconstruct cellular networks. To this end, we developed ISCHIA (Identifying Spatial Co-occurrence in Healthy and InflAmed tissues), a computational framework to analyze the spatial co-occurrence of cell types and transcript species within spots. Co-occurrence analysis is complementary to differential gene expression, as it does not depend on the abundance of a given cell type or on the transcript expression levels, but rather on their spatial association in the tissue. We applied ISCHIA to analyze co-occurrence of cell types, ligands and receptors in a Visium dataset of human ulcerative colitis patients, and validated our findings at single-cell resolution on matched hybridization-based data. We uncover inflammation-induced cellular networks involving M cell and fibroblasts, as well as ligand-receptor interactions enriched in the inflamed human colon, and their associated gene signatures. Our results highlight the hypothesis-generating power and broad applicability of co-occurrence analysis on spatial transcriptomics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Lafzi
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Immunology Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology Discovery and Translational Area, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Costanza Borrelli
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simona Baghai Sain
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Karsten Bach
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jonas A Kretz
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Handler
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Regan-Komito
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Immunology Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology Discovery and Translational Area, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Xenia Ficht
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Frei
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Immunology Infectious Diseases and Ophthalmology Discovery and Translational Area, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Moor
- Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zürich, Mattenstrasse 26, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.
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11
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Šešelja K, Bazina I, Vrecl M, Farger J, Schicht M, Paulsen F, Baus Lončar M, Pirman T. Tff3 Deficiency Differentially Affects the Morphology of Male and Female Intestines in a Long-Term High-Fat-Diet-Fed Mouse Model. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16342. [PMID: 38003531 PMCID: PMC10671422 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Trefoil factor family protein 3 (Tff3) protects the gastrointestinal mucosa and has a complex mode of action in different tissues. Here, we aimed to determine the effect of Tff3 deficiency on intestinal tissues in a long-term high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed model. A novel congenic strain without additional metabolically relevant mutations (Tff3-/-/C57Bl6NCrl strain, male and female) was used. Wild type (Wt) and Tff3-deficient mice of both sexes were fed a HFD for 36 weeks. Long-term feeding of a HFD induces different effects on the intestinal structure of Tff3-deficient male and female mice. For the first time, we found sex-specific differences in duodenal morphology. HFD feeding reduced microvilli height in Tff3-deficient females compared to that in Wt females, suggesting a possible effect on microvillar actin filament dynamics. These changes could not be attributed to genes involved in ER and oxidative stress, apoptosis, or inflammation. Tff3-deficient males exhibited a reduced cecal crypt depth compared to that of Wt males, but this was not the case in females. Microbiome-related short-chain fatty acid content was not affected by Tff3 deficiency in HFD-fed male or female mice. Sex-related differences due to Tff3 deficiency imply the need to consider both sexes in future studies on the role of Tff in intestinal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Šešelja
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bjenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.Š.); (I.B.)
| | - Iva Bazina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bjenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.Š.); (I.B.)
| | - Milka Vrecl
- Institute of Preclinical Sciences, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Gerbičeva 60, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Jessica Farger
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (M.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Martin Schicht
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (M.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Friedrich Paulsen
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany; (J.F.); (M.S.); (F.P.)
| | - Mirela Baus Lončar
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bjenička 54, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (K.Š.); (I.B.)
| | - Tatjana Pirman
- Department of Animal Science, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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12
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Hernandez JE, Llorente C, Ma S, Miyamoto KT, Sinha S, Steele S, Xiao Z, Lai CJ, Zuniga EI, Ghosh P, Schnabl B, Huang WJM. The arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 promotes mucosal defense in the intestine. Life Sci Alliance 2023; 6:e202302026. [PMID: 37666668 PMCID: PMC10477432 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PRMT5 is a type II arginine methyltransferase abundantly expressed in the colonic epithelium. It is up-regulated in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. However, its role in mucosal defense against enteric infection has not been studied. Here, we report that Prmt5 in the murine colon is up-regulated in response to Citrobacter rodentium infection. Pathogen clearance in mice with haploinsufficient expression of Prmt5 is significantly delayed compared with wildtype littermate controls. Transcriptomic analyses further reveal that PRMT5 regulates the expression of canonical crypt goblet cell genes involved in mucus production, assembly, and anti-microbial responses via methyltransferase activity-dependent and -independent mechanisms. Together, these findings uncover PRMT5 as a novel regulator of mucosal defense and a potential therapeutic target for treating intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan E Hernandez
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Cristina Llorente
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shengyun Ma
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kiana T Miyamoto
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Saptarshi Sinha
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Scarlet Steele
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zihui Xiao
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ching-Jung Lai
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elina I Zuniga
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Division of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Pradipta Ghosh
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Bernd Schnabl
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Wendy Jia Men Huang
- https://ror.org/0168r3w48 Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
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13
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Zhu ZX, Liu Y, Wang J, Xie Y, Li RY, Ma Q, Tu Q, Melhem NA, Couldwell S, El-Araby RE, Tai A, Van Dyke TE, Karimbux N, Jeong YN, Chen JJ. A novel lncRNA-mediated epigenetic regulatory mechanism in periodontitis. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:5187-5203. [PMID: 37928259 PMCID: PMC10620817 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.87977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a highly prevalent chronic inflammatory disease with an exaggerated host immune response, resulting in periodontal tissue destruction and potential tooth loss. The long non-coding RNA, LncR-ANRIL, located on human chromosome 9p21, is recognized as a genetic risk factor for various conditions, including atherosclerosis, periodontitis, diabetes, and cancer. LncR-APDC is an ortholog of ANRIL located on mouse genome chr4. This study aims to comprehend the regulatory role of lncR-APDC in periodontitis progression. Our experimental findings, obtained from lncR-APDC gene knockout (KO) mice with induced experimental periodontitis (EP), revealed exacerbated bone loss and disrupted pro-inflammatory cytokine regulation. Downregulation of osteogenic differentiation occurred in bone marrow stem cells harvested from lncR-APDC-KO mice. Furthermore, single-cell RNA sequencing of periodontitis gingival tissue revealed alterations in the proportion and function of immune cells, including T and B cells, macrophages, and neutrophils, due to lncR-APDC silencing. Our findings also unveiled a previously unidentified epithelial cell subset that is distinctively presenting in the lncR-APDC-KO group. This epithelial subset, characterized by the positive expression of Krt8 and Krt18, engages in interactions with immune cells through a variety of ligand-receptor pairs. The expression of Tff2, now recognized for its role in chronic inflammatory conditions, exhibited a notable increase across various tissue and cell types in lncR-APDC deficient mice. Additionally, our investigation revealed the potential for a direct binding interaction between lncR-APDC and Tff2. Intra-gingival administration of AAV9-lncR-APDC was shown to have therapeutic effects in the EP model. In conclusion, our results suggest that lncR-APDC plays a critical role in the progression of periodontal disease and holds therapeutic potential for periodontitis. Furthermore, the presence of the distinctive epithelial subpopulation and significantly elevated Tff2 levels in the lncR-APDC-silenced EP model offer new perspectives on the epigenetic regulation of periodontitis pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoe Xiaofang Zhu
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02211, United States
| | - Yao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinghao Wang
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
| | - Ying Xie
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
| | - Rachel Yuantong Li
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
| | - Qian Ma
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
| | - Qisheng Tu
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02211, United States
| | - Neiman A Melhem
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
| | - Sandrine Couldwell
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02211, United States
| | - Rady E. El-Araby
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
| | - Albert Tai
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
- Data Intensive Studies Center, Tufts University, Medford, MA, United States
| | - Thomas E. Van Dyke
- Clinical and Translational Research, Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Forsyth Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nadeem Karimbux
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02211, United States
| | - Y. Natalie Jeong
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02211, United States
| | - Jake Jinkun Chen
- Division of Oral Biology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Building Room 830, Boston, MA 02111, United States
- Department of Periodontology, Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, 02211, United States
- Department of Genetics, Molecular and Cell Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Tufts School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, 136 Harrison Ave, M&V Room 811, Boston, MA 02111, United States
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14
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Busch MA, Haase A, Alefeld E, Biewald E, Jabbarli L, Dünker N. Trefoil Family Factor Peptide 1-A New Biomarker in Liquid Biopsies of Retinoblastoma under Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4828. [PMID: 37835522 PMCID: PMC10571905 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15194828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective management of retinoblastoma (RB), the most prevalent childhood eye cancer, depends on reliable monitoring and diagnosis. A promising candidate in this context is the secreted trefoil family factor peptide 1 (TFF1), recently discovered as a promising new biomarker in patients with a more advanced subtype of retinoblastoma. The present study investigated TFF1 expression within aqueous humor (AH) of enucleated eyes and compared TFF1 levels in AH and corresponding blood serum samples from RB patients undergoing intravitreal chemotherapy (IVC). TFF1 was consistently detectable in AH, confirming its potential as a biomarker. Crucially, our data confirmed that TFF1-secreting cells within the tumor mass originate from RB tumor cells, not from surrounding stromal cells. IVC-therapy-responsive patients exhibited remarkably reduced TFF1 levels post-therapy. By contrast, RB patients' blood serum displayed low-to-undetectable levels of TFF1 even after sample concentration and no therapy-dependent changes were observed. Our findings suggest that compared with blood serum, AH represents the more reliable source of TFF1 if used for liquid biopsy RB marker analysis in RB patients. Thus, analysis of TFF1 in AH of RB patients potentially provides a minimally invasive tool for monitoring RB therapy efficacy, suggesting its importance for effective treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Anna Busch
- Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.H.); (E.A.); (N.D.)
| | - André Haase
- Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.H.); (E.A.); (N.D.)
| | - Emily Alefeld
- Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.H.); (E.A.); (N.D.)
| | - Eva Biewald
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children’s Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.B.); (L.J.)
| | - Leyla Jabbarli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Children’s Hospital, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.B.); (L.J.)
| | - Nicole Dünker
- Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, Center for Translational Neuro and Behavioral Sciences (C-TNBS), University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.H.); (E.A.); (N.D.)
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15
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Ruangsri S, Doolgindachbaporn G, Chokwatwikul W, Wattanawareekul K, Puasiri S, Sawanyawisuth K. Salivary trefoil factor family peptide 3 (TFF3) and flow rate in persons with and without obstructive sleep apnea: A preliminary study. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023; 9:935-941. [PMID: 37183529 PMCID: PMC10582241 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most common chronic diseases. Trefoil factor family 3 (TFF3) peptides are secreted by major and minor salivary glands and may be involved in the pathogenesis of OSA. This study aimed to evaluate salivary TFF3 and flow rate between those with and without OSA. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a prospective experimental study that enrolled patients with OSA and non-OSA. Total unstimulated saliva was collected, the salivary flow rate was measured, and the TFF3 level was analyzed by using a modified sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Baseline characteristics, TFF3 level, and salivary flow rate were compared between both groups. Factors associated with the TFF3 level and flow rate were computed by using multivariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS Twenty-eight participants were recruited in the study: 20 patients with OSA (71.42%) and 8 non-OSA as control. The TFF3 and salivary flow rates between both groups of non-OSA versus OSA were comparable (TFF3 non-OSA 61.06 vs. OSA 96.00 ng/mg; p = .276 and flow rate non-OSA 0.40 vs. OSA 0.35 mL/min; p = .320). Factors associated with the TFF3 level were neck circumference with a negative coefficient of -16.419 (p = .042). For the salivary flow rate, only age was a significant factor with the coefficient of -0.013 (p = .044). CONCLUSIONS TFF3 and salivary flow rate were comparable between patients with OSA and non-OSA. The factor associated with TFF3 level was neck circumference, while age was negatively associated with the salivary flow rate in patients with OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supanigar Ruangsri
- Department of Oral Biomedical Science, Faculty of DentistryKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand
- Neuroscience Research and Development Group (NRDG)Khon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand
| | | | - Worrapon Chokwatwikul
- Department of Oral Biomedical Science, Faculty of DentistryKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand
| | | | - Subin Puasiri
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Faculty of DentistryKhon Kaen UniversityKhon KaenThailand
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16
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Strickson S, Houslay KF, Negri VA, Ohne Y, Ottosson T, Dodd RB, Huntington CC, Baker T, Li J, Stephenson KE, O'Connor AJ, Sagawe JS, Killick H, Moore T, Rees DG, Koch S, Sanden C, Wang Y, Gubbins E, Ghaedi M, Kolbeck R, Saumyaa S, Erjefält JS, Sims GP, Humbles AA, Scott IC, Romero Ros X, Cohen ES. Oxidised IL-33 drives COPD epithelial pathogenesis via ST2-independent RAGE/EGFR signalling complex. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2202210. [PMID: 37442582 PMCID: PMC10533947 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02210-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial damage, repair and remodelling are critical features of chronic airway diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Interleukin (IL)-33 released from damaged airway epithelia causes inflammation via its receptor, serum stimulation-2 (ST2). Oxidation of IL-33 to a non-ST2-binding form (IL-33ox) is thought to limit its activity. We investigated whether IL-33ox has functional activities that are independent of ST2 in the airway epithelium. METHODS In vitro epithelial damage assays and three-dimensional, air-liquid interface (ALI) cell culture models of healthy and COPD epithelia were used to elucidate the functional role of IL-33ox. Transcriptomic changes occurring in healthy ALI cultures treated with IL-33ox and COPD ALI cultures treated with an IL-33-neutralising antibody were assessed with bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. RESULTS We demonstrate that IL-33ox forms a complex with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expressed on airway epithelium. Activation of this alternative, ST2-independent pathway impaired epithelial wound closure and induced airway epithelial remodelling in vitro. IL-33ox increased the proportion of mucus-producing cells and reduced epithelial defence functions, mimicking pathogenic traits of COPD. Neutralisation of the IL-33ox pathway reversed these deleterious traits in COPD epithelia. Gene signatures defining the pathogenic effects of IL-33ox were enriched in airway epithelia from patients with severe COPD. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals for the first time that IL-33, RAGE and EGFR act together in an ST2-independent pathway in the airway epithelium and govern abnormal epithelial remodelling and muco-obstructive features in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Strickson
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kirsty F Houslay
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Victor A Negri
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yoichiro Ohne
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Tomas Ottosson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger B Dodd
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Tina Baker
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jingjing Li
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine E Stephenson
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andy J O'Connor
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Sophie Sagawe
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Killick
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom Moore
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Gareth Rees
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sofia Koch
- Imaging & Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline Sanden
- Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medetect AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yixin Wang
- Imaging & Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elise Gubbins
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mahboobe Ghaedi
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Roland Kolbeck
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Current: Spirovant Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Saumyaa Saumyaa
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas S Erjefält
- Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Allergology and Respiratory Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gary P Sims
- Bioscience Immunology, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Alison A Humbles
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Current: Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ian C Scott
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xavier Romero Ros
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - E Suzanne Cohen
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
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17
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Fan M, Song W, Hao Z, Zhang J, Li Y, Fu J. Construction of lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in severe asthmatic bronchial epithelial cells: A bioinformatics study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34749. [PMID: 37657025 PMCID: PMC10476739 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease caused by environment-host interactions. Bronchial epithelial cells (BECs) are the first line of defense against environmental toxins. However, the mechanisms underlying the role of BECs in severe asthma (SA) are not yet fully understood. Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) have been shown to play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in the pathogenesis of SA. In this study, bioinformatics was used for the first time to reveal the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of BECs in SA. Five mRNA datasets of bronchial brushing samples from patients with SA and healthy controls (HC) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. A combination of the Venn diagram and robust rank aggregation (RRA) method was used to identify core differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of core DEGs was performed to screen hub genes. The miRDB, miRWalk, and ENCORI databases were used to predict the miRNA-mRNA relationships, and the ENCORI and starBase v2.0 databases were used to predict the upstream lncRNAs of the miRNA-mRNA relationships. Four core DEGs were identified: carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5), interleukin-1 receptor type 2 (IL1R2), trefoil factor 3 (TFF3), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA). These 4 core DEGs indicated that SA was not significantly associated with sex. Enrichment analysis showed that the MAPK, Rap1, Ras, PI3K-Akt and Calcium signaling pathways may serve as the principal pathways of BECs in SA. A lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network of the severe asthmatic bronchial epithelium was constructed. The top 10 competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) were FGD5 antisense RNA 1 (FGD5-AS1), metastasis associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1), X inactive specific transcript (XIST), HLA complex group 18 (HCG18), small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16), has-miR-20b-5p, has-miR-106a-5p, hsa-miR-106b-5p, has-miR-519d-3p and Fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 (FLT1). Our study revealed a potential mechanism for the lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in BECs in SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhen Fan
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenjie Song
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory Innovation and Transformation, Tianjin, China
| | - Zheng Hao
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine Theory Innovation and Transformation, Tianjin, China
- Medical History Documentation Center, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Henan University of Science and Technology Affiliated First Hospital, Luoyang, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinjie Fu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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18
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Salm F, Znalesniak EB, Laskou A, Harder S, Schlüter H, Hoffmann W. Expression Profiling along the Murine Intestine: Different Mucosal Protection Systems and Alterations in Tff1-Deficient Animals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12684. [PMID: 37628863 PMCID: PMC10454331 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Tff1 is a typical gastric peptide secreted together with the mucin, Muc5ac. Tff1-deficient (Tff1KO) mice are well known for their prominent gastric phenotype and represent a recognized model for antral tumorigenesis. Notably, intestinal abnormalities have also been reported in the past in these animals. Here, we have compared the expression of selected genes in Tff1KO mice and their corresponding wild-type littermates (RT-PCR analyses), focusing on different mucosal protection systems along the murine intestine. As hallmarks, genes were identified with maximum expression in the proximal colon and/or the duodenum: Agr2, Muc6/A4gnt/Tff2, Tff1, Fut2, Gkn2, Gkn3, Duox2/Lpo, Nox1. This is indicative of different protection systems such as Tff2/Muc6, Tff1-Fcgbp, gastrokines, fucosylation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the proximal colon and/or duodenum. Few significant transcriptional changes were observed in the intestine of Tff1KO mice when compared with wild-type littermates, Clca1 (Gob5), Gkn1, Gkn2, Nox1, Tff2. We also analyzed the expression of Tff1, Tff2, and Tff3 in the pancreas, liver, and lung of Tff1KO and wild-type animals, indicating a cross-regulation of Tff gene expression. Furthermore, on the protein level, heteromeric Tff1-Fcgbp and various monomeric Tff1 forms were identified in the duodenum and a high-molecular-mass Tff2/Muc6 complex was identified in the proximal colon (FPLC, proteomics).
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Salm
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Eva B. Znalesniak
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aikaterini Laskou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Harder
- Section Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Werner Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Zlatar L, Timm T, Lochnit G, Bilyy R, Bäuerle T, Munoz-Becerra M, Schett G, Knopf J, Heichel J, Ali MJ, Schapher M, Paulsen F, Herrmann M. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Drive Dacryolithiasis. Cells 2023; 12:1857. [PMID: 37508521 PMCID: PMC10377949 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopeptide concretions, previously called dacryoliths, are macroscopic stones that commonly obstruct the lacrimal sac. The mechanism behind dacryolithiasis remains unclear; however, the involvement of various immune cells, including neutrophils, has been confirmed. These findings remain limited, and no information on neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), essentially involved in the pathogenesis of other lithiases, is available yet. Here, we employ microcomputed tomography, magnetic resonance tomography, histochemistry, mass spectrometry, and enzyme activity analyses to investigate the role of neutrophils and NETs in dacryolithiasis. We classify mucopeptide concretions into three types, with respect to the quantity of cellular and acellular material, polysaccharides, and mucosubstances. We propose the role of neutrophils and NETs within the existing model of gradual formation and growth of mucopeptide concretions, with neutrophils contributing to the initial stages of dacryolithiasis, as they localized on the inner (older) parts of the tissue. As NETs localized on the outer (newer) parts of the tissue, we link their role to the late stages of dacryolithiasis, presumably maintaining the proinflammatory environment and preventing efficient clearance. An abundance of IgG on the surface indicates the involvement of the adaptive immune system later as well. These findings bring new perspectives on dacryolithiasis, in which the innate and adaptive immune system are essentially involved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticija Zlatar
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Thomas Timm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Günter Lochnit
- Institute of Biochemistry, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Rostyslav Bilyy
- Department of Histology, Cytology, Embryology, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Tobias Bäuerle
- Institute of Radiology, Preclinical Imaging Platform Erlangen (PIPE), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marco Munoz-Becerra
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jasmin Knopf
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jens Heichel
- Department and Policlinic of Ophthalmology, Martin Luther University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany
| | - Mohammad Javed Ali
- Govindram Seksaria Institute of Dacryology, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Road No 2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad 500034, India
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mirco Schapher
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Paracelsus University, 90419 Nürnberg, Germany
| | - Friedrich Paulsen
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum für Immuntherapie (DZI), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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20
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Bian X, Si Z, Wang Q, Liu L, Shi Z, Tian C, Lee W, Zhang Y. IgG Fc-binding protein positively regulates the assembly of pore-forming protein complex βγ-CAT evolved to drive cell vesicular delivery and transport. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104717. [PMID: 37068610 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell membranes form barriers for molecule exchange between the cytosol and the extracellular environments. βγ-CAT, a complex of pore-forming protein (PFP) BmALP1 (two βγ-crystallin domains with an aerolysin pore-forming domain) and the trefoil factor BmTFF3, has been identified in toad Bombina maxima. It plays pivotal roles, via inducing channel formation in various intra- or extra- cellular vesicles, as well as in nutrient acquisition, maintaining water balance, and antigen presentation. Thus, such a protein machine should be tightly regulated. Indeed, BmALP3 (a paralog of BmALP1) oxidizes BmALP1 to form a water-soluble polymer, leading to dissociation of the βγ-CAT complex and loss of biological activity. Here, we found that the B. maxima IgG Fc-binding protein (FCGBP), a well-conserved vertebrate mucin-like protein with unknown functions, acted as a positive regulator for βγ-CAT complex assembly. The interactions among FCGBP, BmALP1, and BmTFF3 were revealed by co-immunoprecipitation assays. Interestingly, FCGBP reversed the inhibitory effect of BmALP3 on the βγ-CAT complex. Furthermore, FCGBP reduced BmALP1 polymers and facilitated the assembly of βγ-CAT with the biological pore-forming activity in the presence of BmTFF3. Our findings define the role of FCGBP in mediating the assembly of a PFP machine evolved to drive cell vesicular delivery and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianling Bian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences/Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Ziru Si
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences/Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Qiquan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences/Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China; Human Aging Research Institute (HARI) and School of Life Sciences, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330031, China
| | - Lingzhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences/Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Zhihong Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences/Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China
| | - Changlin Tian
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, China.
| | - Wenhui Lee
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences/Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China.
| | - Yun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of The Chinese Academy of Sciences/Engineering Laboratory of Peptides of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Zoology, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China; Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650201, China.
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21
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Znalesniak EB, Laskou A, Salm F, Haupenthal K, Harder S, Schlüter H, Hoffmann W. The Forms of the Lectin Tff2 Differ in the Murine Stomach and Pancreas: Indications for Different Molecular Functions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087059. [PMID: 37108221 PMCID: PMC10138697 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The lectin TFF2 belongs to the trefoil factor family (TFF). This polypeptide is typically co-secreted with the mucin MUC6 from gastric mucous neck cells, antral gland cells, and duodenal Brunner glands. Here, TFF2 fulfills a protective function by forming a high-molecular-mass complex with the MUC6, physically stabilizing the mucus barrier. In pigs and mice, and slightly in humans, TFF2 is also synthesized in the pancreas. Here, we investigated the murine stomach, pancreas, and duodenum by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) and proteomics and identified different forms of Tff2. In both the stomach and duodenum, the predominant form is a high-molecular-mass complex with Muc6, whereas, in the pancreas, only low-molecular-mass monomeric Tff2 was detectable. We also investigated the expression of Tff2 and other selected genes in the stomach, pancreas, and the proximal, medial, and distal duodenum (RT-PCR analysis). The absence of the Tff2/Muc6 complex in the pancreas is due to a lack of Muc6. Based on its known motogenic, anti-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects, we propose a protective receptor-mediated function of monomeric Tff2 for the pancreatic ductal epithelium. This view is supported by a report that a loss of Tff2 promotes the formation of pancreatic intraductal mucinous neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva B Znalesniak
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Aikaterini Laskou
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Franz Salm
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Haupenthal
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Harder
- Section Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Werner Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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22
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Minegishi K, Dobashi Y, Koyama T, Ishibashi Y, Furuya M, Tsubochi H, Ohmoto Y, Yasuda T, Nomura S. Diagnostic utility of trefoil factor families for the early detection of lung cancer and their correlation with tissue expression. Oncol Lett 2023; 25:139. [PMID: 36909373 PMCID: PMC9996639 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Trefoil factors (TFFs) are upregulated in numerous types of cancer, including those of the breast, the colon, the lung and the pancreas, suggesting their potential utility as biomarkers for screening. In the present study, the clinical relevance of serum or urinary TFFs as biomarkers were comprehensively evaluated and the correlation with TFF expression levels in lung cancer tissue was examined. Serum and urine were collected from 199 patients with lung cancer and 198 healthy individuals. Concentrations of serum and urinary TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3 were measured using ELISA and the potential of TFF levels to discriminate between cancer and non-cancer samples was evaluated. In 100 of the cancer cases, expression of TFF1-3 was analyzed using immunohistochemical staining of paraffin sections. Furthermore, the relationship between TFF levels and clinicopathological factors among these cancer cases was analyzed using immunohistochemistry of tissue specimens, quantified and statistically analyzed. While serum levels of all TFFs measured using ELISA were significantly higher in patients with lung cancer compared with those in healthy individuals, urinary TFFs were lower. Areas under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curves for serum/urinary TFF1, TFF2 and TFF3 were 0.709/0.594, 0.722/0.501 and 0.663/0.665, respectively. Furthermore, the combination of serum TFF1, TFF2, TFF3 and urinary TFF1 and TFF3 demonstrated the highest AUC (0.826). In the clinicopathological analysis, serum TFF1 was higher in the early pathological T-stage (pTis/1/2) compared with the later stage (pT3/4) and TFF2 was higher in the pN0/1 than the pN2 group. With regards to the histological types, urinary TFF1 was higher in squamous cell carcinoma than adenocarcinoma (AC), but TFF2 tended to be higher in AC. Using immunohistochemical analysis, although TFF1 and TFF3 expression showed positive correlation with serum concentrations, TFF2 was inversely correlated. In conclusion, serum and urinary TFF levels are promising predictive biomarkers, and their measurements provide a useful in vivo and non-invasive diagnostic screening tool. In particular, TFF1 and TFF3 could be surrogate markers of clinicopathological profiles of human lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Minegishi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Saitama 330-8500, Japan
| | - Yoh Dobashi
- Department of Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Saitama 330-8500, Japan.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare Hospital, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 329-2763, Japan
| | - Teruhide Koyama
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yuko Ishibashi
- Department of Surgery, Breast Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Adachi Medical Center, Adachi, Tokyo 123-8558, Japan
| | - Miki Furuya
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Tsubochi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University, Saitama, Saitama 330-8500, Japan
| | - Yasukazu Ohmoto
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Tokushima 770-8505, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Yasuda
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Nippon Medical School Chiba Hokusoh Hospital, Inzai, Chiba 270-1694, Japan
| | - Sachiyo Nomura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan
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23
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Liu L, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Zhang W, Liu J, Wang F, Wang P, Tang X. Global knowledge mapping and emerging trends in research between spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia and gastric carcinogenesis: A bibliometric analysis from 2002 to 2022. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 12:1108378. [PMID: 36776551 PMCID: PMC9912936 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1108378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Spasmolytic polypeptide expression metaplasia (SPEM) occurs in the corpus of the stomach and is closely related to inflammations caused by H. pylori infection. Recently, SPEM was suggested as one of the dubious precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (GC). Thus, further research on SPEM cell transdifferentiation and its underlying mechanisms could facilitate the development of new molecular targets improving the therapeutics of GC. Using bibliometrics, we analyzed publications, summarized the research hotspots and provided references for scientific researchers engaged in related research fields. Methods We searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for publications related to SPEM-GC from 2002 to 2022. The VOSviewer, SCImago, CiteSpace and R software were used to visualize and analyze the data. Gene targets identified in the keyword list were analyzed for functional enrichment using the KEGG and GO databases. Results Of the 292 articles identified in the initial search, we observed a stable trend in SPEM-GC research but rapid growth in the number of citations. The United States was the leader in terms of quality publications and international cooperation among them. The total number of articles published by Chinese scholars was second to the United States. Additionally, despite its low centrality and average citation frequency, China has become one of the world's most dynamic countries in academics. In terms of productivity, Vanderbilt University was identified as the most productive institution. Further, we also observed that Gastroenterology was the highest co-cited journal, and Goldenring Jr. was the most prolific author with the largest centrality. Conclusion SPEM could serve as an initial step in diagnosing gastric precancerous lesions. Current hotspots and frontiers of research include SPEM cell lineage differentiation, interaction with H. pylori, disturbances of the mucosal microenvironment, biomarkers, clinical diagnosis and outcomes of SPEM, as well as the development of proliferative SPEM animal models. However, further research and collaboration are still required. The findings presented in this study can be used as reference for the research status of SPEM-GC and determine new directions for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yukun Zhao
- Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiong Liu
- Department of Pathology, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengyun Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Tang
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xiyuan Hospital of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Xudong Tang,
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24
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Weste J, Houben T, Harder S, Schlüter H, Lücke E, Schreiber J, Hoffmann W. Different Molecular Forms of TFF3 in the Human Respiratory Tract: Heterodimerization with IgG Fc Binding Protein (FCGBP) and Proteolytic Cleavage in Bronchial Secretions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315359. [PMID: 36499686 PMCID: PMC9737082 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The polypeptide TFF3 belongs to the trefoil factor family (TFF) of lectins. TFF3 is typically secreted from mucous epithelia together with mucins. Both intestinal and salivary TFF3 mainly exist as disulfide-linked heterodimers with IgG Fc binding protein (FCGBP). Here, we investigated bronchial tissue specimens, bronchial secretions, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from patients with a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) background by fast protein liquid chromatography and proteomics. For the first time, we identified different molecular forms of TFF3 in the lung. The high-molecular mass form represents TFF3-FCGBP oligomers, whereas the low-molecular mass forms are homodimeric and monomeric TFF3 with possibly anti-apoptotic activities. In addition, disulfide-linked TFF3 heterodimers with an Mr of about 60k and 30k were detected in both bronchial secretions and BAL fluid. In these liquids, TFF3 is partly N-terminally truncated probably by neutrophil elastase cleavage. TFF3-FCGBP is likely involved in the mucosal innate immune defense against microbial infections. We discuss a hypothetical model how TFF3 might control FCGBP oligomerization. Furthermore, we did not find indications for interactions of TFF3-FCGBP with DMBT1gp340 or the mucin MUC5AC, glycoproteins involved in mucosal innate immunity. Surprisingly, bronchial MUC5AC appeared to be degraded when compared with gastric MUC5AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens Weste
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Till Houben
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sönke Harder
- Section Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Section Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Diagnostic Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eva Lücke
- Department of Pneumology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Jens Schreiber
- Department of Pneumology, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Werner Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
- Correspondence:
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25
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Transcriptomic analysis reveals an association of FCGBP with Parkinson’s disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2022; 8:157. [DOI: 10.1038/s41531-022-00415-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractTranscriptomics in Parkinson’s disease (PD) offers new insights into the molecular mechanism of PD pathogenesis. Several pathways, such as inflammation and protein degradation, have been identified by differential gene expression analysis. Our aim was to identify gene expression differences underlying the disease etiology and the discovery of pre-symptomatic risk biomarkers for PD from a multicenter study in the context of the PROPAG-AGEING project. We performed RNA sequencing from 47 patients with de novo PD, 10 centenarians, and 65 healthy controls. Using identified differentially expressed genes, functional annotations were assigned using gene ontology to unveil significant enriched biological processes. The expression of 16 selected genes was validated using OpenArray® assays and samples from independent cohorts of 201 patients with advanced PD, 340 healthy siblings of PD patients, and 177 healthy controls. Differential gene expression analysis identified higher FCGBP expression in patients with de novo PD compared with healthy controls and compared with centenarians. Furthermore, FCGBP showed no differences in terms of population origin or aging process. The increased FCGBP expression was validated in patients with advanced PD and their siblings. Thus, we provided evidence for an upregulation of FCGBP mRNA levels not only in patients with PD but also in individuals at putative higher risk of PD, suggesting that it could be important in gut–brain PD interaction, mediating the connection between microbiota and intestinal inflammatory processes, as well as neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.
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26
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Valdes J, Gagné-Sansfaçon J, Reyes V, Armas A, Marrero G, Moyo-Muamba M, Ramanathan S, Perreault N, Ilangumaran S, Rivard N, Fortier LC, Menendez A. Defects in the expression of colonic host defense factors associate with barrier dysfunction induced by a high-fat/high-cholesterol diet. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2022; 306:1165-1183. [PMID: 36196983 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The effect of Western diets in the gastrointestinal system is largely mediated by their ability to promote alterations in the immunity and physiology of the intestinal epithelium, and to affect the composition of the commensal microbiota. To investigate the response of the colonic epithelium to high-fat/high-cholesterol diets (HFHCDs), we evaluated the synthesis of host defense factors involved in the maintenance of the colonic homeostasis. C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFHCD for 3 weeks and their colons were evaluated for histopathology, gene expression, and microbiota composition. In addition, intestinal permeability and susceptibility to Citrobacter rodentium were also studied. HFHCD caused colonic hyperplasia, loss of goblet cells, thinning of the mucus layer, moderate changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiota, and an increase in intestinal permeability. Gene expression analyses revealed significant drops in the transcript levels of Muc1, Muc2, Agr2, Atoh1, Spdef, Ang4, Camp, Tff3, Dmbt1, Fcgbp, Saa3, and Retnlb. The goblet cell granules of HFHCD-fed mice were devoid of Relmβ and Tff3, indicating defective production of those two factors critical for intestinal epithelial defense and homeostasis. In correspondence with these defects, colonic bacteria were in close contact with, and invading the epithelium. Fecal shedding of C. rodentium showed an increased bacterial burden in HFHCD-fed animals accompanied by increased epithelial damage. Collectively, our results show that HFHCD perturbs the synthesis of colonic host defense factors, which associate with alterations in the commensal microbiota, the integrity of the intestinal barrier, and the host's susceptibility to enteric infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Valdes
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jessica Gagné-Sansfaçon
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Vilcy Reyes
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anny Armas
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gisela Marrero
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mitterrand Moyo-Muamba
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sheela Ramanathan
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Perreault
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Subburaj Ilangumaran
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nathalie Rivard
- Department of Immunology and Cell Biology, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louis-Charles Fortier
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alfredo Menendez
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Li J, Liu Y, Niu J, Jing C, Jiao N, Huang L, Jiang S, Yan L, Yang W, Li Y. Supplementation with paraformic acid in the diet improved intestinal development through modulating intestinal inflammation and microbiota in broiler chickens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:975056. [PMID: 36204610 PMCID: PMC9531753 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.975056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the effects of supplementing paraformic acid (PFA) to the diet of broiler chickens on intestinal development, inflammation, and microbiota. A total of 378 healthy 1-day-old Arbor Acres broilers with similar birth weight were used in this study, and randomly assigned into two treatment groups. The broiler chickens were received a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg PFA. Results showed that PFA supplementation increased (P < 0.05) small intestinal villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio, elevated intestinal mucosal factors (mucin 2, trefoil factor family, and zonula occludens-1) concentrations, and upregulated mNRA expression of y + L amino acid transporter 1. Moreover, PFA supplementation decreased (P < 0.05) the concentrations of inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, interleukin-6, and interleukin-10), activities of caspase-3 and caspase-8, and mNRA expressions of Toll-like Receptor 4, nuclear factor-kappa B, Bax, and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in small intestinal mucosa. Dietary PFA supplementation also increased (P < 0.05) alpha diversity of cecal microbiota and relative abundance of Alistipes. The present study demonstrated that supplementation of 1,000 mg/kg PFA showed beneficial effects in improving intestinal development, which might be attributed to the suppression of intestinal inflammation and change of gut microbiota composition in broiler chickens. These findings will aid in our knowledge of the mechanisms through which dietary PFA modulates gut development, as well as support the use of PFA in poultry industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Qingdao Huaxin Feed Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Jiaxing Niu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Changwei Jing
- Technical Department, Shandong Chinwhiz Co., Ltd., Weifang, China
| | - Ning Jiao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Libo Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Shuzhen Jiang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Lei Yan
- Shandong New Hope Liuhe Group Co., Ltd., Qingdao, China
| | - Weiren Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- *Correspondence: Weiren Yang,
| | - Yang Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
- Yang Li,
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Saha A, Gavert N, Brabletz T, Ben-Ze’ev A. Downregulation of the Tumor Suppressor TFF1 Is Required during Induction of Colon Cancer Progression by L1. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14184478. [PMID: 36139637 PMCID: PMC9497096 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14184478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aberrant activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling and the subsequent induction of downstream target genes is a hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Previously, we found that overexpression of the immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion receptor L1CAM (L1), a target of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway, confers enhanced proliferation, motility, tumorigenesis, and liver metastasis in CRC cells. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses revealed changes in both pro-tumorigenic and potential tumor-suppressor genes in L1-overexpressing CRC cells. We wished to identify such tumor suppressor/s, and found that trefoil family factor 1 (TFF1) was involved in L1-mediated CRC progression. TFF1 overexpression suppressed the growth, motility and tumorigenesis of L1-expressing CRC cells by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. In human CRC tissue, TFF1-positive staining was evident in goblet cells of the normal mucosa, while in CRC tissue, TFF1 expression was lost in >50% of the tumor samples. Our results support a tumor-suppressor role of TFF1 in human CRC, and we suggest that TFF1 could be used for CRC detection and as a novel therapeutic target in L1-mediated CRC. Abstract The immunoglobulin family cell adhesion receptor L1 is induced in CRC cells at the invasive front of the tumor tissue, and confers enhanced proliferation, motility, tumorigenesis, and liver metastasis. To identify putative tumor suppressors whose expression is downregulated in L1-expressing CRC cells, we blocked the L1–ezrin–NF-κB signaling pathway and searched for genes induced under these conditions. We found that TFF1, a protein involved in protecting the mucus epithelial layer of the colon, is downregulated in L1-expressing cells and displays characteristics of a tumor suppressor. Overexpression of TFF1 in L1-transfected human CRC cells blocks the pro-tumorigenic and metastatic properties conferred by L1 by suppressing NF-κB signaling. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that human CRC tissue samples often lose the expression of TFF1, while the normal mucosa displays TFF1 in goblet cells. Identifying TFF1 as a tumor suppressor in CRC cells could provide a novel marker for L1-mediated CRC development and a potential target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arka Saha
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Nancy Gavert
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Thomas Brabletz
- Department of Experimental Medicine I, Nikolaus-Feibiger-Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Avri Ben-Ze’ev
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Correspondence:
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Wang Q, Jiang Y, Du M, Yang L, Yuan Q. Association of functional genetic variants in TFF1 and nephrolithiasis risk in a Chinese population. BMC Urol 2022; 22:127. [PMID: 35987613 PMCID: PMC9392923 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-022-01081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Trefoil Factor 1 (TFF1) is considered to be able to inhibit the formation of kidney stone. However, genetic variants in TFF1 and corresponding function in kidney stone development are still not well studied. In this study, the discovery set including 230 cases and 250 controls was used to analyze the association between seven tagSNPs of TFF1 gene and the nephrolithiasis risk. Further evaluation was confirmed by the validation set comprising 307 cases and 461 controls. The consequences of the two-stage case–control study indicated that individuals with the rs3761376 A allele have significantly increased nephrolithiasis risk than those with the GG genotypes [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.05–1.73]. Moreover, we also carried out a stratified analysis and found the increased nephrolithiasis risks at A allele among males, overweight individuals, no hypertensive individuals, nondiabetic individuals, smokers, and drinkers. In the following functional experiments, the notably lower expression of TFF1 was exhibited by the vectors carrying A allele compared with those carrying G allele in both luciferase (P = 0.022) and expression vectors (P = 0.041). In addition to tissue detection, we confirmed a significant inverse association of rs3761376 G > A and TFF1 gene expression (P < 0.001). These results suggest that TFF1 rs3761376 may serve as a potential biomarker to predict the risk of nephrolithiasis.
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Vins N, Sugathan S, Al Menhali A, Karam SM. Overgrowth of Squamocolumnar Junction and Dysregulation of Stem Cell Lineages in the Stomach of Vitamin A-Deficient Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163334. [PMID: 36014840 PMCID: PMC9412427 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Junctional epithelia are common sites for pathological transformations. In mice, the stratified epithelium of the forestomach joins the simple glandular epithelium of the cardia at the limiting ridge. We previously demonstrated the expression of vitamin A receptors in the gastric stem/progenitor cells and their progeny and found that excess retinoic acid enhances cellular dynamics of gastric epithelium. This study examines how deficiency of vitamin A would alter gastric epithelial stem cell lineages. Three-week-old mice of both genders were weaned and fed with a vitamin A deficient (VAD) diet for 4 or 8 months. Sex- and weight-matched littermate mice received a standard (control) diet. To label S-phase cells, all mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine before being euthanized. Stomach tissues were processed for microscopic examination and protein analysis to investigate stem cell lineages using different stains, lectins, or antibodies. The Student’s t-test was used to compare quantified data showing differences between control and VAD groups. Eight-month-vitamin-A deficiency caused enlarged forestomach and overgrowth of the squamocolumnar junction with metaplastic and dysplastic cardiac glands, formation of intramucosal cysts, loss of surface mucosal integrity, increased amount of luminal surface mucus, and upregulation of trefoil factor 1 and H+,K+-ATPase. These changes were associated with decreased cell proliferation and upregulation of p63. In conclusion, vitamin A is necessary for maintaining gastric epithelial integrity and its deficiency predisposes the mouse stomach to precancerous lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neethu Vins
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Subi Sugathan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asma Al Menhali
- Department of Biology, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin Sultan Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sherif M. Karam
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Zayed Bin Sultan Centre for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +971-3-713-7493
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Salivary Biomarker Evaluation of Chronic Pancreatitis Patients Reveals Alterations in Human Proteins, Cytokines, Prostaglandin E2 Levels, and Bacterial Diversity. Pancreas 2022; 51:723-732. [PMID: 36395395 PMCID: PMC9681020 DOI: 10.1097/mpa.0000000000002113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a chronic fibroinflammatory condition of the pancreas difficult to diagnose in early stages. Novel biomarkers useful to facilitate early diagnosis or treatment responses may be found in biofluids. Although saliva can be easily and noninvasively collected from patients, useful salivary biomarkers from CP patients have not yet been identified. METHODS Here, we analyzed the proteome by quantitative proteomics, cytokine/chemokine levels by Luminex analysis, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels by a mass spectrometry-based assay, and bacterial species diversity by 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid sequencing in saliva samples from confirmed CP patients and healthy controls. RESULTS Our results indicate the presence of various differentially expressed proteins, cytokines/chemokines, and a loss of oral bacterial diversity in the saliva of CP patients. The PGE2 levels trend toward elevation in CP patients. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve models for proteomic, cytokine, and PGE2 assays ranged from 0.59 to 0.90. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our studies identify a range of putative CP biomarkers and alterations in human saliva requiring further validation. The biomarker discovery approaches we used might lead to identification of biomarkers useful for CP diagnosis and monitoring.
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Liu Q, Niu X, Li Y, Zhang JR, Zhu SJ, Yang QY, Zhang W, Gong L. Role of the mucin-like glycoprotein FCGBP in mucosal immunity and cancer. Front Immunol 2022; 13:863317. [PMID: 35936008 PMCID: PMC9354016 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.863317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
IgGFc-binding protein (FCGBP) is a mucin first detected in the intestinal epithelium. It plays an important role in innate mucosal epithelial defense, tumor metastasis, and tumor immunity. FCGBP forms disulfide-linked heterodimers with mucin-2 and members of the trefoil factor family. These formed complexes inhibit bacterial attachment to mucosal surfaces, affect the motility of pathogens, and support their clearance. Altered FCGBP expression levels may be important in the pathologic processes of Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. FCGBP is also involved in regulating the infiltration of immune cells into tumor microenvironments. Thus, the molecule is a valuable marker of tumor prognosis. This review summarizes the functional relevance and role of FCGBP in immune responses and disease development, and highlights the potential role in diagnosis and predicting tumor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xia Niu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jia-rui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Shao-jun Zhu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qi-yuan Yang
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Li Gong, ; Wei Zhang,
| | - Li Gong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi’an, China
- *Correspondence: Li Gong, ; Wei Zhang,
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Acupuncture for Female Infertility: Discussion on Action Mechanism and Application. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3854117. [PMID: 35832528 PMCID: PMC9273356 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3854117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A higher incidence of female infertility has been reported with an unexpectedly early appearance in recent years. The female infertility treatment and application of assisted reproductive technology have recently gained immense interest from scientists. Many studies have discussed the beneficial effects of acupuncture on female infertility. With advancements in science and medical technology, acupuncture-related research has increased in investigating its effectiveness in treating female infertility. This review focuses on a compilation of research in recent years on acupuncture for female infertility treatment and the exploration of the underlying mechanism. For this purpose, literature was searched using various search engines like PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The search was refined by only focusing on recent studies on acupuncture effectiveness and mechanism in female infertility and evaluating pregnancy outcomes.
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Vahidi S, Mirzajani E, Norollahi SE, Aziminezhad M, Samadani AA. Performance of DNA Methylation on the Molecular Pathogenesis of Helicobacter pylori in Gastric Cancer; targeted therapy approach. J Pharmacopuncture 2022; 25:88-100. [PMID: 35837145 PMCID: PMC9240405 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2022.25.2.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sogand Vahidi
- Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Mirzajani
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Elham Norollahi
- Cancer Research Center and Department of Immunology, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Aziminezhad
- Non-Communicable Disease Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
- UMR INSERM U 1122, Gene Environment Interactions in Cardiovascular Pathophysiology (IGE-PCV), University of Lorraine, Nancy, France
| | - Ali Akbar Samadani
- Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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Hoffmann W. Self-Renewal and Cancers of the Gastric Epithelium: An Update and the Role of the Lectin TFF1 as an Antral Tumor Suppressor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105377. [PMID: 35628183 PMCID: PMC9141172 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2020, gastric cancer was the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths globally. About 90% of gastric cancers are sporadic and the vast majority are correlated with Helicobacter pylori infection; whereas familial clustering is observed in about 10% of cases. Gastric cancer is now considered to be a disease originating from dysregulated self-renewal of the gastric glands in the setting of an inflammatory environment. The human stomach contains two types of gastric units, which show bi-directional self-renewal from a complex variety of stem cells. This review focuses on recent progress concerning the characterization of the different stem cell populations and the mainly mesenchymal signals triggering their stepwise differentiation as well as the genesis of pre-cancerous lesions and carcinogenesis. Furthermore, a model is presented (Lectin-triggered Receptor Blocking Hypothesis) explaining the role of the lectin TFF1 as an antral tumor suppressor possibly regulating Lgr5+ antral stem cells in a paracrine or maybe autocrine fashion, with neighboring antral gland cells having a role as niche cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Li J, Rui X, Xu L, Liu Y, Yang Y, Yin D. Enhanced therapeutic effect on colitis with powder formulations of Painong San associated with the promotion of intestinal adhesion and absorption. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 289:115030. [PMID: 35093456 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Painong San is a prescription composed of traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used to treat colitis. The Painong San's usage recorded in "Jingui Yaolve" by Zhongjing Zhang in the Later Han Dynasty is powder. However, the decoction is often used in reality. It's unclear which dosage form of Painong San is more suitable for colitis treatment and why? AIM OF THE STUDY This study aims to evaluate the different therapeutic effects of Painong San (a powder of Painong San) and Painong Decoction (a decoction of Painong San) on a dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced colitis model and the possible reasons of these different effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS The contents of paeoniflorin, naringin, heperidin and neohesperidin in Painong San and Painong decoction were determined by an ultra-performance liquid chromatography system. The therapeutic effect on colitis was evaluated by intragastric administration of Painong San or Painong Decoction in dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced mouse model. The accumulated release rate of Painong San in vitro was analyzed with artificial gastric juice, artificial intestinal juice, and artificial colon juice. The concentrations of four compounds in the blood, intestinal contents, and intestinal fluids were detected by an-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry system. In situ intestinal perfusion experiments were used to observe the adhesion of Painong San to the intestine's surface. The expression of Mucin-2 and Trefoil Factor 3 in the colon was studied by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS There was no significant difference in the contents of the four compounds in Painong San and Painong Decoction. In vivo, Painong San has a better therapeutic effect than Painong Decoction in the treatment of colitis. Painong San could be released slowly in the simulated human digestion environment in vitro, and more Painong San particles were released on the intestinal surface in the colitis state in the healthy state. Painong San could increase the bioavailability of hesperidin and neohesperidin, and their concentrations in local intestinal tissue, intestinal fluid and intestinal contents. The expression of trefoil Factor 3 protein on the surface of the colon tended to be in the intestinal cavity and overlapped with the expression of mucin-2. Trefoil Factor 3 accumulates in the intestinal cavity of the colon in the state of colitis, which may increase the adhesion of Painong San particles. CONCLUSION In conclusion, this experiment proved that Painong San is a more suitable dosage form for the treatment of dextran sulfate sodium salt-induced colitis than Painong Decoction, which may be related to the enhancement of Painong San particle adhesion to the intestine in colitis. This study provides a reference for the selection of clinical dosage forms for traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiacheng Li
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Xuelin Rui
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Li Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Yang Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China.
| | - Ye Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, 230021, China
| | - Dengke Yin
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Institute of Pharmaceutics, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230021, China; Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Preparation Technology and Application, Hefei, 230021, China.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this review is to provide an update regarding the gut barrier and its involvement with chronic diseases, as well as to review biomarkers for identification of gut barrier integrity. This review is timely and relevant as our knowledge is increasing regarding the role of the gut microbiome and the gut barrier in health and disease. RECENT FINDINGS This review provides an overview of: the gut barrier, which is complex and comprised of the mucus layer and the intestinal apical junctional protein complex; the gut microbiome in its relation to regulating the integrity of the gut barrier; select acute and chronic conditions that are known to be associated with gut dysbiosis and impaired gut integrity or 'leaky gut'; and current means for identifying loss in gut barrier integrity. SUMMARY Many chronic conditions are associated with gut dysbiosis and systemic inflammation. Identifying whether the gut barrier is compromised in these conditions could help to inform potential therapeutics as a means to correct losses in gut barrier integrity and mitigate associated medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Santilli
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Stavros Stefanopoulos
- Department of General Surgery, Digestive Disease and Surgery Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
| | - Gail A.M. Cresci
- Department of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, Pediatric Institute, Cleveland Clinic Children’s Hospital, Cleveland, OH
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Yang H, Yang WJ, Hu B. Gastric epithelial histology and precancerous conditions. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2022; 14:396-412. [PMID: 35317321 PMCID: PMC8919001 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i2.396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common histological type of gastric cancer (GC) is gastric adenocarcinoma arising from the gastric epithelium. Less common variants include mesenchymal, lymphoproliferative and neuroendocrine neoplasms. The Lauren scheme classifies GC into intestinal type, diffuse type and mixed type. The WHO classification includes papillary, tubular, mucinous, poorly cohesive and mixed GC. Chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and intestinal metaplasia are recommended as common precancerous conditions. No definite precancerous condition of diffuse/poorly/undifferentiated type is recommended. Chronic superficial inflammation and hyperplasia of foveolar cells may be the focus. Presently, the management of early GC and precancerous conditions mainly relies on endoscopy including diagnosis, treatment and surveillance. Management of precancerous conditions promotes the early detection and treatment of early GC, and even prevent the occurrence of GC. In the review, precancerous conditions including CAG, metaplasia, foveolar hyperplasia and gastric hyperplastic polyps derived from the gastric epithelium have been concluded, based on the overview of gastric epithelial histological organization and its renewal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Wen-Juan Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Bing Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China
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Profiling of the Bacterial Microbiota along the Murine Alimentary Tract. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031783. [PMID: 35163705 PMCID: PMC8836272 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, the spatial distribution of the bacterial flora along the murine alimentary tract was evaluated using high throughput sequencing in wild-type and Tff3-deficient (Tff3KO) animals. Loss of Tff3 was linked to increased dextran sodium sulfate-induced colitis. This systematic study shows the results of 13 different regions from the esophagus to the rectum. The number of bacterial species (richness) increased from the esophagus to the rectum, from 50 to 200, respectively. Additionally, the bacterial community structure changed continuously; the highest changes were between the upper/middle and lower gastrointestinal compartments when comparing adjacent regions. Lactobacillus was the major colonizer in the upper/middle gastrointestinal tract, especially in the esophagus and stomach. From the caecum, a drastic diminution of Lactobacillus occurred, while members of Lachnospiraceae significantly increased. A significant change occurred in the bacterial community between the ascending and the transverse colon with Bacteroidetes being the major colonizers with relative constant abundance until the rectum. Interestingly, wild-type and Tff3KO animals did not show significant differences in their bacterial communities, suggesting that Tff3 is not involved in alterations of intraluminal or adhesive microbiota but is obviously important for mucosal protection, e.g., of the sensitive stem cells in the colonic crypts probably by a mucus plume.
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Busch MA, Haase A, Miroschnikov N, Doege A, Biewald E, Bechrakis NE, Beier M, Kanber D, Lohmann D, Metz K, Dünker N. TFF1 in Aqueous Humor—A Potential New Biomarker for Retinoblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030677. [PMID: 35158945 PMCID: PMC8833755 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Retinoblastoma is the most common pediatric intraocular malignancy with high cure rates in developed countries. Nevertheless, useful predictive biomarkers providing reliable evidence for therapy decisions are urgently needed to optimize therapy regimes. TFF1 is a promising candidate as it is expressed in a more advanced subtype of retinoblastoma. Additionally, TFF1 is a naturally secreted peptide. Thus, TFF1 might be detectable in the aqueous humor of RB patients’ eyes, providing the opportunity to determine its expression prior to therapy without the necessity of a tumor biopsy. We therefore investigated for the first time aqueous humor samples of retinoblastoma patients in order to test for the availably and expression status of TFF1 as well as to compare it with the original tumor and established corresponding primary cell cultures. Abstract Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common childhood eye cancer. The expression of trefoil factor family peptide 1 (TFF1), a small secreted peptide, has been correlated with more advanced RB stages and it might be a promising new candidate as a RB biomarker. The study presented addressed the question of if TFF1 is detectable in aqueous humor (AH) of RB patients’ eyes, providing easy accessibility as a diagnostic and/or therapy accompanying predictive biomarker. The TFF1 expression status of 15 retinoblastoma AH samples was investigated by ELISA and Western blot analyses. The results were correlated with the TFF1 expression status in the tumor of origin and compared to TFF1 expression in established corresponding primary tumor cell cultures and supernatants. Nine out of fifteen AH patient samples exhibited TFF1 expression, which correlated well with TFF1 levels of the original tumor. TFF1 expression in most of the corresponding primary cell cultures reflects the levels of the original tumor, although not all TFF1-expressing tumor cells seem to secret into the AH. Together, our findings strongly suggest TFF1 as a reliable new RB biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maike Anna Busch
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.H.); (N.M.); (A.D.); (N.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-201-7238-4434
| | - André Haase
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.H.); (N.M.); (A.D.); (N.D.)
| | - Natalia Miroschnikov
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.H.); (N.M.); (A.D.); (N.D.)
| | - Annika Doege
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.H.); (N.M.); (A.D.); (N.D.)
| | - Eva Biewald
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.B.); (N.E.B.)
| | - Nikolaos E. Bechrakis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (E.B.); (N.E.B.)
| | - Manfred Beier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Deniz Kanber
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (D.K.); (D.L.)
| | - Dietmar Lohmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (D.K.); (D.L.)
| | - Klaus Metz
- Institute of Pathology, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany;
| | - Nicole Dünker
- Center for Translational Neuro- and Behavioral Sciences, Institute of Anatomy II, Department of Neuroanatomy, Medical Faculty, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45147 Essen, Germany; (A.H.); (N.M.); (A.D.); (N.D.)
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Yang Y, Lin Z, Lin Q, Bei W, Guo J. Pathological and therapeutic roles of bioactive peptide trefoil factor 3 in diverse diseases: recent progress and perspective. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:62. [PMID: 35039476 PMCID: PMC8763889 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04504-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) is the last small-molecule peptide found in the trefoil factor family, which is mainly secreted by intestinal goblet cells and exerts mucosal repair effect in the gastrointestinal tract. Emerging evidence indicated that the TFF3 expression profile and biological effects changed significantly in pathological states such as cancer, colitis, gastric ulcer, diabetes mellitus, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and nervous system disease. More importantly, mucosal protection would no longer be the only effect of TFF3, it gradually exhibits carcinogenic activity and potential regulatory effect of nervous and endocrine systems, but the inner mechanisms remain unclear. Understanding the molecular function of TFF3 in specific diseases might provide a new insight for the clinical development of novel therapeutic strategies. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the pathological effects of TFF3 in different disease and discusses the binding proteins, signaling pathways, and clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Lin
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quanyou Lin
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijian Bei
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Diseases of the Ministry of Education, Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Science and Technology Building, 280 Waihuan East Road, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega, Guangzhou, China.
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Salivary Trefoil Factor Family (TFF) Peptides and Their Roles in Oral and Esophageal Protection: Therapeutic Potential. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212221. [PMID: 34830103 PMCID: PMC8624312 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human saliva is a complex body fluid with more than 3000 different identified proteins. Besides rheological and lubricating properties, saliva supports wound healing and acts as an antimicrobial barrier. TFF peptides are secreted from the mucous acini of the major and minor salivary glands and are typical constituents of normal saliva; TFF3 being the predominant peptide compared with TFF1 and TFF2. Only TFF3 is easily detectable by Western blotting. It occurs in two forms, a disulfide-linked homodimer (Mr: 13k) and a high-molecular-mass heterodimer with IgG Fc binding protein (FCGBP). TFF peptides are secretory lectins known for their protective effects in mucous epithelia; the TFF3 dimer probably has wound-healing properties due to its weak motogenic effect. There are multiple indications that FCGBP and TFF3-FCGBP play a key role in the innate immune defense of mucous epithelia. In addition, homodimeric TFF3 interacts in vitro with the salivary agglutinin DMBT1gp340. Here, the protective roles of TFF peptides, FCGBP, and DMBT1gp340 in saliva are discussed. TFF peptides are also used to reduce radiotherapy- or chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. Thus, TFF peptides, FCGBP, and DMBT1gp340 are promising candidates for better formulations of artificial saliva, particularly improving wound healing and antimicrobial effects even in the esophagus.
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Hagen SJ. Mucosal defense: gastroduodenal injury and repair mechanisms. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2021; 37:609-614. [PMID: 34475337 PMCID: PMC8511296 DOI: 10.1097/mog.0000000000000775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The mucosal barrier serves as a primary interface between the environment and host. In daily life, superficial injury to the gastric or duodenal mucosa occurs regularly but heals rapidly by a process called 'restitution'. Persistent injury to the gastroduodenal mucosa also occurs but initiates a regenerative lesion with specific wound healing mechanisms that attempt to repair barrier function. If not healed, these lesions can be the site of neoplasia development in a chronic inflammatory setting. This review summarizes the past year of advances in understanding mucosal repair in the gastroduodenal mucosa, which occurs as a defense mechanism against injury. RECENT FINDINGS Organoids are an emerging new tool that allows for the correlation of in vivo and in vitro models; organoids represent an important reductionist model to probe specific aspects of injury and repair mechanisms that are limited to epithelial cells. Additionally, proof-of-concept studies show that machine learning algorithms may ultimately assist with identifying novel, targetable pathways to pursue in therapeutic interventions. Gut-on-chip technology and single cell RNA-sequencing contributed to new understanding of gastroduodenal regenerative lesions after injury by identifying networks and interactions that are involved in the repair process. SUMMARY Recent updates provide new possibilities for identifying novel molecular targets for the treatment of acute and superficial mucosal injury, mucosal regeneration, and regenerative lesions in the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan J. Hagen
- Department of Surgery
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215
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Marczynski M, Kimna C, Lieleg O. Purified mucins in drug delivery research. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 178:113845. [PMID: 34166760 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
One of the main challenges in the field of drug delivery remains the development of strategies to efficiently transport pharmaceuticals across mucus barriers, which regulate the passage and retention of molecules and particles in all luminal spaces of the body. A thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms, which govern such selective permeability, is key for achieving efficient translocation of drugs and drug carriers. For this purpose, model systems based on purified mucins can contribute valuable information. In this review, we summarize advances that were made in the field of drug delivery research with such mucin-based model systems: First, we give an overview of mucin purification procedures and discuss the suitability of model systems reconstituted from purified mucins to mimic native mucus. Then, we summarize techniques to study mucin binding. Finally, we highlight approaches that made use of mucins as building blocks for drug delivery platforms or employ mucins as active compounds.
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Trefoil Factor Family Member 2 Expression as an Indicator of the Severity of the High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12101505. [PMID: 34680900 PMCID: PMC8535368 DOI: 10.3390/genes12101505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Trefoil Factor Family Member 2 (TFF2) belongs to TFF family peptides that includes TFF1, TFF2, TFF3. TFF2 is mainly known for its roles in the mucosal protection. In the context of obesity and high fat diet (HFD), Tff2 has been characterized as a HFD-induced gene. The knock-out of Tff2 in mice lead to the protection from HFD-induced obesity with a metabolic profile towards a negative energy balance. Such HFD-specific expression gives Tff2 a pattern worth exploring in biomedical research. Indeed, measuring TFF2/TFF2/Tff2 expression in biological samples following the ingestion of high-fat diet reflects the biological "responsiveness" to the lipids ingestion and would reflect the severity of obesity establishment afterwards. Such property could be explored for instance to screen animal models, evaluate the predisposition to HFD-induced obesity as well as in biomedical and clinical applications. Results might advance obesity research especially in terms of understanding lipid-induced signals, appetite control and adiposity storage.
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Kobayashi K, Tachibana M, Tsutsumi Y. Neglected roles of IgG Fc-binding protein secreted from airway mucin-producing cells in protecting against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Innate Immun 2021; 27:423-436. [PMID: 34521229 PMCID: PMC8504265 DOI: 10.1177/17534259211043159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Both innate immunity and acquired immunity are involved in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. The induction of Abs that neutralize the virus has been described, and certain Abs against endemic coronaviruses may cross-react with SARS-CoV-2. Detailed mechanisms to protect against the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 remain unresolved. We previously reported that IgG Fc-binding protein (Fcγbp), a unique, large molecular weight, and mucin-like secretory Fc receptor protein, secreted from goblet cells of human small and large intestine, mediates the transportation of serum IgG onto the mucosal surface. In this review, we show that mucous bronchial gland cells and some goblet cells are immunoreactive for Fcγbp. Fcγbp traps the cross-reactive (both neutralizing and non-neutralizing) IgG bound to the virus and can consequently eliminate the virus from the mucosal surface to decrease viral loads. Fcγbp can also suppress immune overreaction by interfering with Fc-binding by macrophages and competing with complement fixation. Fcγbp secreted from mucin-producing cells of the airway functions as an important anti-infection mucosal defense. The Fcγbp-mediated mechanism can be a key factor in explaining why SARS-CoV-2 is less infective/lethal in children, and may also be involved in the unique Ab response, recurrent infection, and effects of serum therapy and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mitsuhiro Tachibana
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shimada General Medical Center, Shimada, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Yutaka Tsutsumi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Shimada General Medical Center, Shimada, Shizuoka, Japan.,Diagnostic Pathology Clinic, Pathos Tsutsumi, Inazawa, Aichi, Japan.,Yokkaichi Nursing and Health Care University, School of Medical Technology, Yokkaichi, Mie, Japan
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Zhang B, Lapenta K, Wang Q, Nam JH, Chung D, Robert ME, Nathanson MH, Yang X. Trefoil factor 2 secreted from damaged hepatocytes activates hepatic stellate cells to induce fibrogenesis. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:100887. [PMID: 34146542 PMCID: PMC8267550 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common characteristic of chronic liver diseases. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) plays a key role in fibrogenesis in response to liver injury, yet the mechanism by which damaged hepatocytes modulate the activation of HSCs is poorly understood. Our previous studies have established that liver-specific deletion of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT)leads to hepatocyte necroptosis and spontaneous fibrosis. Here, we report that OGT-deficient hepatocytes secrete trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) that activates HSCs and contributes to the fibrogenic process. The expression and secretion of TFF2 are induced in OGT-deficient hepatocytes but not in WT hepatocytes. TFF2 activates the platelet-derived growth factor receptor beta signaling pathway that promotes the proliferation and migration of primary HSCs. TFF2 protein expression is elevated in mice with carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury. These findings identify TFF2 as a novel factor that mediates intercellular signaling between hepatocytes and HSCs and suggest a role of the hepatic OGT–TFF2 axis in the process of fibrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bichen Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kalina Lapenta
- Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Jin Hyun Nam
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Dongjun Chung
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Marie E Robert
- Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Michael H Nathanson
- Section of Digestive Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Xiaoyong Yang
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA; Program in Integrative Cell Signaling and Neurobiology of Metabolism, Department of Comparative Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
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Hoffmann W. Trefoil Factor Family (TFF) Peptides and Their Links to Inflammation: A Re-evaluation and New Medical Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094909. [PMID: 34066339 PMCID: PMC8125380 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Trefoil factor family peptides (TFF1, TFF2, TFF3), together with mucins, are typical exocrine products of mucous epithelia. Here, they act as a gastric tumor suppressor (TFF1) or they play different roles in mucosal innate immune defense (TFF2, TFF3). Minute amounts are also secreted as endocrine, e.g., by the immune and central nervous systems. As a hallmark, TFF peptides have different lectin activities, best characterized for TFF2, but also TFF1. Pathologically, ectopic expression occurs during inflammation and in various tumors. In this review, the role of TFF peptides during inflammation is discussed on two levels. On the one hand, the expression of TFF1-3 is regulated by inflammatory signals in different ways (upstream links). On the other hand, TFF peptides influence inflammatory processes (downstream links). The latter are recognized best in various Tff-deficient mice, which have completely different phenotypes. In particular, TFF2 is secreted by myeloid cells (e.g., macrophages) and lymphocytes (e.g., memory T cells), where it modulates immune reactions triggering inflammation. As a new concept, in addition to lectin-triggered activation, a hypothetical lectin-triggered inhibition of glycosylated transmembrane receptors by TFF peptides is discussed. Thus, TFFs are promising players in the field of glycoimmunology, such as galectins and C-type lectins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner Hoffmann
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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A bioinformatic analysis: the overexpression and clinical significance of FCGBP in ovarian cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021. [DOI: 10.18632/aging.202601
expr 933527968 + 963567625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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Wang K, Guan C, Shang X, Ying X, Mei S, Zhu H, Xia L, Chai Z. A bioinformatic analysis: the overexpression and clinical significance of FCGBP in ovarian cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:7416-7429. [PMID: 33686968 PMCID: PMC7993703 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Fc fragment of IgG-binding protein (FCGBP) is differentially expressed in various tumors. However, the correlation between FCGBP and immune cell infiltration in ovarian cancer remains unclear. FCGBP expression was analyzed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) pan-cancer data, and the ovarian cancer expression profile was analyzed using the Gene Expression Omnibus database. The clinical prognostic value of FCGBP was evaluated using clinical survival data from TCGA. Enrichment analysis of FCGBP was performed using the R package clusterProfiler. Based on known immune cell infiltration scores for samples found in TCGA, we analyzed the association between immune cell infiltration level and FCGBP expression. FCGBP was highly expressed and associated with poorer overall survival (p = 0.00051) and disease-specific survival (p = 0.0012) in ovarian cancer and other tumors. Additionally, high FCGBP expression correlated significantly with immune-related gene sets, including those involved in chemokine signaling pathways and innate and adaptive immunity. Further analysis showed that M2 macrophage infiltration increased and M1 macrophage infiltration decreased in tissues with high FCGBP expression. Our study suggests that FCGBP contributes to M2 macrophage polarization by acting as an oncogene in ovarian cancer. FCGBP may represent a clinically helpful biomarker for predicting overall survival of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chenan Guan
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Kidney Internal Medicine, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianwen Shang
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ying
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuangshuang Mei
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanxiao Zhu
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Xia
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310022, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zeying Chai
- Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Linhai 317000, Zhejiang Province, People’s Republic of China
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