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Dagher R, Moldobaeva A, Gubbins E, Clark S, Madel Alfajaro M, Wilen CB, Hawkins F, Qu X, Chien Chiang C, Li Y, Clarke L, Ikeda Y, Brown C, Kolbeck R, Ma Q, Rojas M, Koff JL, Ghaedi M. Human iPSC-Based Model of COPD to Investigate Disease Mechanisms, Predict SARS-COV-2 Outcome, and Test Preventive Immunotherapy. Stem Cells 2024; 42:230-250. [PMID: 38183264 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation and dysregulated repair mechanisms after epithelial damage have been implicated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the lack of ex vivo-models that accurately reflect multicellular lung tissue hinders our understanding of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in COPD. Through a combination of transcriptomic and proteomic approaches applied to a sophisticated in vitro iPSC-alveolosphere with fibroblasts model, epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk was explored in COPD and following SARS-CoV-2 infection. These experiments profiled dynamic changes at single-cell level of the SARS-CoV-2-infected alveolar niche that unveiled the complexity of aberrant inflammatory responses, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cell death in COPD, which provides deeper insights into the accentuated tissue damage/inflammation/remodeling observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Importantly, this 3D system allowed for the evaluation of ACE2-neutralizing antibodies and confirmed the potency of this therapy to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection in the alveolar niche. Thus, iPSC-alveolosphere cultured with fibroblasts provides a promising model to investigate disease-specific mechanisms and to develop novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rania Dagher
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research, and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Aigul Moldobaeva
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research, and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Elise Gubbins
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research, and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Sydney Clark
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research, and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Mia Madel Alfajaro
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Craig B Wilen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Finn Hawkins
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University, School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaotao Qu
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Chia Chien Chiang
- Data Science and Artificial Intelligence, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Yang Li
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research, and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Lori Clarke
- Cell Therapeutics, Antibody Discovery, and Protein Engineering, BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Yasuhiro Ikeda
- Cell Therapeutics, Antibody Discovery, and Protein Engineering, BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Charles Brown
- CPSS, BioPharmaceuticals R&D AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | | | - Qin Ma
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan L Koff
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care & Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mahboobe Ghaedi
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research, and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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2
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Strickson S, Houslay KF, Negri VA, Ohne Y, Ottosson T, Dodd RB, Huntington CC, Baker T, Li J, Stephenson KE, O'Connor AJ, Sagawe JS, Killick H, Moore T, Rees DG, Koch S, Sanden C, Wang Y, Gubbins E, Ghaedi M, Kolbeck R, Saumyaa S, Erjefält JS, Sims GP, Humbles AA, Scott IC, Romero Ros X, Cohen ES. Oxidised IL-33 drives COPD epithelial pathogenesis via ST2-independent RAGE/EGFR signalling complex. Eur Respir J 2023; 62:2202210. [PMID: 37442582 PMCID: PMC10533947 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02210-2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial damage, repair and remodelling are critical features of chronic airway diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Interleukin (IL)-33 released from damaged airway epithelia causes inflammation via its receptor, serum stimulation-2 (ST2). Oxidation of IL-33 to a non-ST2-binding form (IL-33ox) is thought to limit its activity. We investigated whether IL-33ox has functional activities that are independent of ST2 in the airway epithelium. METHODS In vitro epithelial damage assays and three-dimensional, air-liquid interface (ALI) cell culture models of healthy and COPD epithelia were used to elucidate the functional role of IL-33ox. Transcriptomic changes occurring in healthy ALI cultures treated with IL-33ox and COPD ALI cultures treated with an IL-33-neutralising antibody were assessed with bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. RESULTS We demonstrate that IL-33ox forms a complex with receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expressed on airway epithelium. Activation of this alternative, ST2-independent pathway impaired epithelial wound closure and induced airway epithelial remodelling in vitro. IL-33ox increased the proportion of mucus-producing cells and reduced epithelial defence functions, mimicking pathogenic traits of COPD. Neutralisation of the IL-33ox pathway reversed these deleterious traits in COPD epithelia. Gene signatures defining the pathogenic effects of IL-33ox were enriched in airway epithelia from patients with severe COPD. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals for the first time that IL-33, RAGE and EGFR act together in an ST2-independent pathway in the airway epithelium and govern abnormal epithelial remodelling and muco-obstructive features in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Strickson
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Kirsty F Houslay
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - Victor A Negri
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yoichiro Ohne
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Tomas Ottosson
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Roger B Dodd
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Tina Baker
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jingjing Li
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Katherine E Stephenson
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Andy J O'Connor
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - J Sophie Sagawe
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Killick
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Tom Moore
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - D Gareth Rees
- Biologics Engineering, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sofia Koch
- Imaging & Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Caroline Sanden
- Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Medetect AB, Lund, Sweden
| | - Yixin Wang
- Imaging & Data Analytics, Clinical Pharmacology and Safety Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elise Gubbins
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mahboobe Ghaedi
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Roland Kolbeck
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
- Current: Spirovant Sciences, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Saumyaa Saumyaa
- Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jonas S Erjefält
- Experimental Medical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Allergology and Respiratory Medicine, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Gary P Sims
- Bioscience Immunology, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Alison A Humbles
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- Current: Roche Pharma Research & Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Ian C Scott
- Translational Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Xavier Romero Ros
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
| | - E Suzanne Cohen
- Bioscience Asthma and Skin Immunity, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
- These authors contributed equally to this work
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Greaney AM, Adams TS, Brickman Raredon MS, Gubbins E, Schupp JC, Engler AJ, Ghaedi M, Yuan Y, Kaminski N, Niklason LE. Platform Effects on Regeneration by Pulmonary Basal Cells as Evaluated by Single-Cell RNA Sequencing. Cell Rep 2020; 30:4250-4265.e6. [PMID: 32209482 PMCID: PMC7175071 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-based therapies have shown promise for treating myriad chronic pulmonary diseases through direct application of epithelial progenitors or by way of engineered tissue grafts or whole organs. To elucidate environmental effects on epithelial regenerative outcomes in vitro, here, we isolate and culture a population of pharmacologically expanded basal cells (peBCs) from rat tracheas. At peak basal marker expression, we simultaneously split peBCs into four in vitro platforms: organoid, air-liquid interface (ALI), engineered trachea, and engineered lung. Following differentiation, these samples are evaluated using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and computational pipelines are developed to compare samples both globally and at the population level. A sample of native rat tracheal epithelium is also evaluated by scRNA-seq as a control for engineered epithelium. Overall, this work identifies platform-specific effects that support the use of engineered models to achieve the most physiologic differential outcomes in pulmonary epithelial regenerative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Greaney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
| | - Taylor S Adams
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Micha Sam Brickman Raredon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Elise Gubbins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Jonas C Schupp
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Alexander J Engler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA
| | - Mahboobe Ghaedi
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Yifan Yuan
- Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Naftali Kaminski
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06519, USA
| | - Laura E Niklason
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Vascular Biology and Therapeutics, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
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4
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Harlan J, Chen Y, Gubbins E, Mueller R, Roch JM, Walter K, Lake M, Olsen T, Metzger P, Dorwin S, Ladror U, Egan DA, Severin J, Johnson RW, Holzman TF, Voelp K, Davenport C, Beck A, Potter J, Gopalakrishnan M, Hahn A, Spear BB, Halbert DN, Sullivan JP, Abkevich V, Neff CD, Skolnick MH, Shattuck D, Katz DA. Variants in Apaf-1 segregating with major depression promote apoptosome function. Mol Psychiatry 2006; 11:76-85. [PMID: 16231040 DOI: 10.1038/sj.mp.4001755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
APAF1, encoding the protein apoptosis protease activating factor 1 (Apaf-1), has recently been established as a chromosome 12 gene conferring predisposition to major depression in humans. The molecular phenotypes of Apaf-1 variants were determined by in vitro reconstruction of the apoptosome complex in which Apaf-1 activates caspase 9 and thus initiates a cascade of proteolytic events leading to apoptotic destruction of the cell. Cellular phenotypes were measured using a yeast heterologous expression assay in which human Apaf-1 and other proteins necessary to constitute a functional apoptotic pathway were overexpressed. Apaf-1 variants encoded by APAF1 alleles that segregate with major depression in families linked to chromosome 12 shared a common gain-of-function phenotype in both assay systems. In contrast, other Apaf-1 variants showed neutral or loss-of-function phenotypes. The depression-associated alleles thus have a common phenotype that is distinct from that of non-associated variants. This result suggests an etiologic role for enhanced apoptosis in major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Harlan
- Advanced Technologies, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road R424/AP10, Abbott Park, IL 60064, USA
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5
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Djuric SW, BaMaung NY, Basha A, Liu H, Luly JR, Madar DJ, Sciotti RJ, Tu NP, Wagenaar FL, Wiedeman PE, Zhou X, Ballaron S, Bauch J, Chen YW, Chiou XG, Fey T, Gauvin D, Gubbins E, Hsieh GC, Marsh KC, Mollison KW, Pong M, Shaughnessy TK, Sheets MP, Smith M, Trevillyan JM, Warrior U, Wegner CD, Carter GW. 3,5-Bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazoles: a novel class of NFAT transcription factor regulator. J Med Chem 2000; 43:2975-81. [PMID: 10956206 DOI: 10.1021/jm990615a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A series of bis(trifluoromethyl)pyrazoles (BTPs) has been found to be a novel inhibitor of cytokine production. Identified initially as inhibitors of IL-2 synthesis, the BTPs have been optimized in this regard and even inhibit IL-2 production with a 10-fold enhancement over cyclosporine in an ex vivo assay. Additionally, the BTPs show inhibition of IL-4, IL-5, IL-8, and eotaxin production. Unlike the IL-2 inhibitors, cyclosporine and FK506, the BTPs do not directly inhibit the dephosphorylation of NFAT by calcineurin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W Djuric
- Immunological Diseases Research, Abbott Laboratories, 200 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064-6217, USA.
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6
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Hajduk PJ, Sheppard G, Nettesheim DG, Olejniczak ET, Shuker SB, Meadows RP, Steinman DH, Carrera GM, Marcotte PA, Severin J, Walter K, Smith H, Gubbins E, Simmer R, Holzman TF, Morgan DW, Davidsen SK, Summers JB, Fesik SW. Discovery of Potent Nonpeptide Inhibitors of Stromelysin Using SAR by NMR. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9702778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P. J. Hajduk
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - G. Sheppard
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - D. G. Nettesheim
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - E. T. Olejniczak
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - S. B. Shuker
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - R. P. Meadows
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - D. H. Steinman
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - G. M. Carrera
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - P. A. Marcotte
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - J. Severin
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - K. Walter
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - H. Smith
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - E. Gubbins
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - R. Simmer
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - T. F. Holzman
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - D. W. Morgan
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - S. K. Davidsen
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - J. B. Summers
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
| | - S. W. Fesik
- Contribution from the Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
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7
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Grihalde ND, Chen YC, Golden A, Gubbins E, Mandecki W. Epitope mapping of anti-HIV and anti-HCV monoclonal antibodies and characterization of epitope mimics using a filamentous phage peptide library. Gene X 1995; 166:187-95. [PMID: 8543161 DOI: 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A large filamentous phage library (1 x 10(9) clones) displaying random 30-amino-acid (aa) sequences on the N terminus of the pIII coat protein was constructed and characterized. Clones in the library were affinity selected for binding to monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against two viral antigens, the HIV gp120 protein and the HCV core protein. The obtained aa sequences precisely identified the epitopes recognized by the mAb. Binding of peptide-carrying phages to the Ab was demonstrated by ELISA, Western blot and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method. The mAb-specific peptides were transferred via genetic techniques onto the N terminus of Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase (AP). When fused to the enzyme, the peptides maintained their ability to bind their respective mAb, indicating that the peptides contained the necessary contact residues for binding. The affinity of the peptides was estimated to be 100 nM by SPR. A comparison is presented of the relative affinities of phage-derived peptides to the native viral epitopes also displayed on the AP scaffold. The approach of transferring epitopes from phage to AP for further evaluation should be applicable to many other mAb or receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N D Grihalde
- Aging and Degenerative Disease Department, Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
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8
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Meadows RP, Nettesheim DG, Xu RX, Olejniczak ET, Petros AM, Holzman TF, Severin J, Gubbins E, Smith H, Fesik SW. Three-dimensional structure of the FK506 binding protein/ascomycin complex in solution by heteronuclear three- and four-dimensional NMR. Biochemistry 1993; 32:754-65. [PMID: 7678499 DOI: 10.1021/bi00054a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A high-resolution three-dimensional solution structure of the FKBP/ascomycin complex has been determined using heteronuclear multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) and a distance geometry/simulated annealing protocol. A total of 43 structures of the complex, including 3 tightly bound water molecules, were obtained using 1958 experimental restraints consisting of 1724 nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) derived distances, 66 chi 1 and 46 phi angular restraints, and 122 hydrogen bond restraints. The root mean square (rms) deviations between the 43 FKBP/ascomycin solution structures and the mean atomic coordinates were 0.43 +/- 0.08 A for the backbone heavy atoms and 0.80 +/- 0.08 A for all non-hydrogen atoms. Angular order parameters for the family of 43 conformations were calculated to determine dihedral convergence. Order parameters for phi, psi, and chi 1 angles exhibited mean values of 0.98, 0.97, and 0.95, respectively, while the mean of the chi 2 order parameter was 0.63. Comparisons were made between the FKBP/ascomycin complex and two NMR-derived solution structures of unbound FKBP and the X-ray crystal structure of an FKBP/FK506 complex. Differences were observed between the FKBP/ascomycin complex and uncomplexed FKBP for residues 33-45 and 78-92. In contrast, the NMR-derived solution structure of the FKBP/ascomycin complex and the X-ray crystal structure of the FKBP/FK506 complex were very similar. Differences between the two complexes were mainly observed in the conformations of some highly solvent exposed side chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Meadows
- Pharmaceutical Discovery Division, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois 60064
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