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Liaw A, Liu C, Bartold M, Ivanovski S, Han P. Effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on salivary histone deacetylases expression: A prospective clinical study. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:926-935. [PMID: 38468415 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on salivary histone deacetylases (HDACs) gene expression in patients with Stage III-IV periodontitis at baseline and at 3 and 6 months post NSPT treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty patients completed the study. Periodontitis (as well as the corresponding staging and grading) was diagnosed according to the 2017 World Workshop Classification. Clinical measures were recorded and whole unstimulated saliva was collected at baseline and at 3 and 6 months after NSPT. The expression of 11 HDACs was determined using reverse-transcription PCR, and the respective changes over time were evaluated. RESULTS Six months after NSPT, significant improvements in all clinical periodontal parameters were observed, concomitant with significant up-regulation of HDAC2, 4, 6, 8, 9 and 11 expressions. Subgroup analyses of non-responders and responders revealed no significant differences in HDACs mRNA expression between groups at any time point. CONCLUSIONS This prospective clinical study identified longitudinal changes in salivary HDACs expression in response to NSPT, which provides new insights into the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the pathobiology of periodontitis and creates avenues for the discovery of novel biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Liaw
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chun Liu
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mark Bartold
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Pingping Han
- School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- School of Dentistry, Center for Orofacial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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2
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Jiang L, Li J, Ji K, Lei L, Li H. MAT2A inhibition suppresses inflammation in Porphyromonas gingivalis-infected human gingival fibroblasts. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 16:2292375. [PMID: 38130504 PMCID: PMC10732205 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2292375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Methionine adenosyl transferase II alpha (MAT2A) is the key enzyme to transform methionine into S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), the main methylgroup donor involved in the methylation. The purpose of our study wasto explore whether MAT2A-mediated methionine metabolism affected theexpression of inflammatory cytokines in human gingival fibroblasts(hGFs). Methods Both healthy and inflamed human gingiva were collected. HGFs werecultured and treated with P. gingivalis, with or without MAT2Ainhibitor (PF9366), small interference RNA (siRNA), or extrinsic SAMpretreatment. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected byreal-time PCR, western blotting, and ELISA. SAM levels were detectedby ELISA. The nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activatedprotein kinase (MAPK) pathway was explored by western blotting. Results The expression of MAT2A was increased in the inflamed tissues. P.gingivalis infection promoted the expression of MAT2A and SAM inhGFs. Meanwhile, PF9366 and MAT2A-knockdown significantly decreasedexpression of inflammatory cytokines and SAM production. PF9366inhibited activation of NF-κB/MAPK pathway in P. gingivalis-treatedhGFs. Conclusions MAT2A-mediated methionine metabolism promoted P. gingivalis-inducedinflammation in hGFs. Targeting MAT2A may provide a novel therapeuticmethod for modulating periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishan Jiang
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingwen Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Central Laboratory of Stomatology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Kun Ji
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lang Lei
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Houxuan Li
- Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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3
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Asa'ad F, Petrenya N, Jönsson B, Holde GE, Oscarson N, Hadler-Olsen E, Vieira AR, Petzold M, Larsson L. Polymorphism in epigenetic regulating genes in relation to periodontitis, number of teeth, and levels of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and glycated hemoglobin: The Tromsø Study 2015-2016. J Periodontol 2023; 94:1324-1337. [PMID: 37382343 DOI: 10.1002/jper.23-0108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the association between periodontitis and four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes involved in epigenetic regulation of DNA, and between these same SNPs and tooth loss, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels. METHODS We included participants with periodontal examination (n = 3633, aged: 40-93 years) from the Tromsø Study seventh survey (2015-2016), Norway. Periodontitis was defined according to the 2017 AAP/EFP classification system as no periodontitis, grades A, B, or C. Salivary DNA was extracted and genotyping was performed to investigate four SNPs (rs2288349, rs35474715, rs34023346, and rs10010325) in the sequence of the genes DNMT1, IDH2, TET1, and TET2. Association between SNPs and periodontitis was analyzed by logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and smoking. Subgroup analyses on participants aged 40-49 years were performed. RESULTS In participants aged 40-49 years, homozygous carriage of minor A-allele of rs2288349 (DNMT1) was associated with decreased susceptibility to periodontitis (grade A: odds ratio [OR] 0.55; p = 0.014: grade B/C OR 0.48; p = 0.004). The minor A-allele of rs10010325 (TET2) was associated with increased susceptibility to periodontitis (grade A OR 1.69; p = 0.035: grade B/C OR 1.90; p = 0.014). In the entire sample, homozygous carriage of the G-allele of rs35474715 (IDH2) was associated with having ≤24 teeth (OR 1.31; p = 0.018). Homozygous carriage of the A-allele of TET2 was associated with hs-CRP≥3 mg/L (OR 1.37; p = 0.025) and HbA1c≥6.5% (OR 1.62; p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS In this Norwegian population, there were associations between polymorphism in genes related to DNA methylation and periodontitis, tooth loss, low-grade inflammation, and hyperglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farah Asa'ad
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Natalia Petrenya
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Birgitta Jönsson
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Gro Eirin Holde
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Nils Oscarson
- Clinic of Periodontology, The Public Dental Service, Region Västra Götaland, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Elin Hadler-Olsen
- The Public Dental Health Service Competence Centre of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Artic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Alexandre R Vieira
- Department of Oral and Craniofacial Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Max Petzold
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lena Larsson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Vignon M, Bastide A, Attina A, David A, Bousquet P, Orti V, Vialaret J, Lehmann S, Periere DD, Hirtz C. Multiplexed LC-MS/MS quantification of salivary RNA modifications in periodontitis. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:959-967. [PMID: 37349891 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the salivary epitranscriptomic profiles as periodontitis biomarkers using multiplexed mass spectrometry (MS). BACKGROUND The field of epitranscriptomics, which relates to RNA chemical modifications, opens new perspectives in the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers, especially in periodontitis. Recently, the modified ribonucleoside N6-methyladenosine (m6A) was revealed as a crucial player in the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis. However, no epitranscriptomic biomarker has been identified in saliva to date. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-four saliva samples were collected from periodontitis patients (n = 16) and from control subjects (n = 8). Periodontitis patients were stratified according to stage and grade. Salivary nucleosides were directly extracted and, in parallel, salivary RNA was digested into its constituent nucleosides. Nucleoside samples were then quantified by multiplexed MS. RESULTS Twenty-seven free nucleosides were detected and an overlapping set of 12 nucleotides were detected in digested RNA. Among the free nucleosides, cytidine and three other modified nucleosides (inosine, queuosine and m6Am) were significantly altered in periodontitis patients. In digested RNA, only uridine was significantly higher in periodontitis patients. Importantly there was no correlation between free salivary nucleoside levels and the levels of those same nucleotides in digested salivary RNA, except for cytidine, m5C and uridine. This statement implies that the two detection methods are complementary. CONCLUSION The high specificity and sensitivity of MS allowed the detection and quantification of multiple nucleosides from RNA and free nucleosides in saliva. Some ribonucleosides appear to be promising biomarkers of periodontitis. Our analytic pipeline opens new perspectives for diagnostic periodontitis biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaux Vignon
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- LBPC-PPC, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Aurore Attina
- LBPC-PPC, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Philippe Bousquet
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Valérie Orti
- Department of Periodontology, Dental Faculty, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Vialaret
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- LBPC-PPC, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- LBPC-PPC, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Christophe Hirtz
- INM, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
- LBPC-PPC, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM INSERM, Montpellier, France
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Jiang Y, Song S, Liu J, Zhang L, Guo X, Lu J, Li L, Yang C, Fu Q, Zeng B. Epigenetic regulation of programmed cell death in hypoxia-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1206452. [PMID: 37753070 PMCID: PMC10518698 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1206452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe progressive disease that may cause early right ventricular failure and eventual cardiac failure. The pathogenesis of PAH involves endothelial dysfunction, aberrant proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and vascular fibrosis. Hypoxia has been shown to induce elevated secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), leading to the development of hypoxic PAH. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying hypoxic PAH remain incompletely understood. Programmed cell death (PCD) is a natural cell death and regulated by certain genes. Emerging evidence suggests that apoptotic resistance contributes to the development of PAH. Moreover, several novel types of PCD, such as autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, have been reported to be involved in the development of PAH. Additionally, multiple diverse epigenetic mechanisms including RNA methylation, DNA methylation, histone modification, and the non-coding RNA molecule-mediated processes have been strongly linked to the development of PAH. These epigenetic modifications affect the expression of genes, which produce important changes in cellular biological processes, including PCD. Consequently, a better understanding of the PCD processes and epigenetic modification involved in PAH will provide novel, specific therapeutic strategies for diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we aim to discuss recent advances in epigenetic mechanisms and elucidate the role of epigenetic modifications in regulating PCD in hypoxia-induced PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shasha Song
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingxin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Shanghai Baoxing Biological Equipment Engineering Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaofei Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jiayao Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lie Li
- Shenzhen Reyson Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen, China
- Nanjing Evertop Electronics Ltd., Nanjing, China
| | - Chao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Marine Aquaculture, Institute of Innovation & Application, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bin Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen, China
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6
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Liaw A, Liu C, Bartold M, Ivanovski S, Han P. Salivary histone deacetylase in periodontal disease: A cross-sectional pilot study. J Periodontal Res 2023; 58:433-443. [PMID: 36717759 DOI: 10.1111/jre.13104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to profile the expression level of histone deacetylase enzymes (HDACs) in human saliva in periodontal health, gingivitis and periodontitis. BACKGROUND HDACs are epigenetic modulators and a group of enzymes that catalyse the removal of acetyl functional groups from the lysine residues of both histone and nonhistone proteins. HDACs have been detected in gingival tissues and may provide valuable insight into the periodontal inflammatory response. However, no studies have investigated the expression of HDACs in saliva from periodontitis-affected individuals and their capacity for periodontal diagnostics and screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS Whole unstimulated saliva was collected from 53 participants (17 healthy, 14 gingivitis and 22 stages III/IV periodontitis). The expression of 11 HDACs in saliva samples was determined using RT-qPCR and diagnostic power was calculated using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the ROC Curve (AUC). RESULTS Relative to health, the expression of HDAC4, 8 and 10 was downregulated in gingivitis, and the expression of HDAC4, 6, 8 and 9 was downregulated in periodontitis. Increased HDAC1 and decreased HDAC9 expression were observed in periodontitis compared to gingivitis. Higher HDAC1 and lower HDAC6 and 9 expression was observed in periodontitis compared to non-periodontitis (combining health and gingivitis). Expression of HDAC3, 4, 8, 9 and 10 was significantly decreased in periodontal disease (combining gingivitis and periodontitis) compared to health. HDAC4 and 8 exhibited an excellent diagnostic capacity for distinguishing gingivitis and periodontal disease from health (AUC 0.79-0.86). HDAC9 showed an acceptable power in discriminating periodontitis from health, gingivitis and non-periodontitis (AUC 0.76-0.80). Salivary HDAC enzyme activity showed no significant difference among the groups. CONCLUSION This pilot study has demonstrated the differential expression of HDACs in human saliva for the first time and identified HDAC4, 8 and 9 as potential biomarkers in periodontal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Liaw
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Chun Liu
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark Bartold
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pingping Han
- The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.,The University of Queensland, School of Dentistry, Center for Oral-facial Regeneration, Rehabilitation and Reconstruction (COR3), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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Adeodato CSR, Soares-Lima SC, Batista PV, Fagundes MCN, Camuzi D, Tavares SJO, Pinto LFR, Scelza MFZ. Interleukin 6 and Interleukin 1β hypomethylation and overexpression are common features of apical periodontitis: a case-control study with gingival tissue as control. Arch Oral Biol 2023; 150:105694. [PMID: 37043986 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2023.105694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Apical periodontitis is a periradicular tissue disorder that usually arises from infection by microorganisms in the root canal system resulting in local bone resorption. This usually involves the dysregulation of inflammatory mediators, which can be mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate Interleukin 6 (IL6) and Interleukin 1β (IL1β) and DNA methylation and gene expression levels in apical periodontitis. METHODS Gene expression was analyzed in 60 participants using quantitative polymerase chain reaction, while the methylation levels of IL6 and IL1β promoters were analyzed in 72 patients using pyrosequencing. All statistical analyzes were performed using the GraphPad Prism software version 8.0. The p value was considered statistically significant when < 0.05. RESULTS A significantly higher IL6 and IL1β expression levels were observed in cases relative to controls (fold-changes of 27.4 and 11.43, respectively, and p < 0.0001). By comparing the same groups, lower promoter methylation levels were observed for both genes in cases (methylation percentage delta relative to controls of -24.57% and -16.02%, respectively, and p < 0.0001). A significant inverse correlation between gene expression and promoter methylation was observed for both IL6 (p = 0.0002) and IL1β (p = 0.001). Neither IL6 expression nor promoter methylation were significantly associated with cases' age, smoking history, alcohol consumption history or sex. For IL1β, alcoholic cases showed lower methylation level relative to non-alcoholic cases (p = 0.01), while females showed higher methylation levels relative to males (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest a role for DNA methylation in IL6 and IL1β upregulation in apical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Sousa Ribeiro Adeodato
- Post-graduation Program in Dentistry of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Mario Santos Braga Street, no 28, 24020-140 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program of National Cancer Institute (INCA), André Cavalcante Street, no 37, 20231-050 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paula Vieira Batista
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program of National Cancer Institute (INCA), André Cavalcante Street, no 37, 20231-050 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marina Chianello Nicolau Fagundes
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program of National Cancer Institute (INCA), André Cavalcante Street, no 37, 20231-050 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Diego Camuzi
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program of National Cancer Institute (INCA), André Cavalcante Street, no 37, 20231-050 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Sandro Junio Oliveira Tavares
- Post-graduation Program in Dentistry of Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Mario Santos Braga Street, no 28, 24020-140 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program of National Cancer Institute (INCA), André Cavalcante Street, no 37, 20231-050 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Biochemistry Department, Biology Institute, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Boulevard 28 de Setembro, 87 - Vila Isabel, 20511-010 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Miriam Fatima Zaccaro Scelza
- Endodontics Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Mario Santos Braga Street, no 28, 24020-140 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
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8
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Suzuki S, Yamada S. Epigenetics in susceptibility, progression, and diagnosis of periodontitis. JAPANESE DENTAL SCIENCE REVIEW 2022; 58:183-192. [PMID: 35754944 PMCID: PMC9218144 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2022.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is characterized by irreversible destruction of periodontal tissue. At present, the accepted etiology of periodontitis is based on a three-factor theory including pathogenic bacteria, host factors, and acquired factors. Periodontitis development usually takes a decade or longer and is therefore called chronic periodontitis (CP). To search for genetic factors associated with CP, several genome-wide association study (GWAS) analyses were conducted; however, polymorphisms associated with CP have not been identified. Epigenetics, on the other hand, involves acquired transcriptional regulatory mechanisms due to reversibly altered chromatin accessibility. Epigenetic status is a condition specific to each tissue and cell, mostly determined by the responses of host cells to stimulations by local factors, like bacterial inflammation, and systemic factors such as nutrition status, metabolic diseases, and health conditions. Significantly, epigenetic status has been linked with the onset and progression of several acquired diseases. Thus, epigenetic factors in periodontal tissues are attractive targets for periodontitis diagnosis and treatments. In this review, we introduce accumulating evidence to reveal the epigenetic background effects related to periodontitis caused by genetic factors, systemic diseases, and local environmental factors, such as smoking, and clarify the underlying mechanisms by which epigenetic alteration influences the susceptibility of periodontitis.
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Key Words
- 5mC, 5-methylcytocine
- AP, aggressive periodontitis
- ATAC-seq, assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing
- CP, chronic periodontitis
- DNA methylation
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Epigenetics
- Epigenome
- GWAS, genome-wide association study
- H3K27ac, acetylation of histone H3 lysine 27
- H3K27me3, trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27
- H3K4me3, trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 4
- H3K9ac, histone H3 lysine 9
- HATs, histone acetyltransferases
- HDACs, histone deacetylases
- Histone modifications
- LPS, lipopolysaccharide
- PDL, periodontal ligament
- Periodontal ligament
- Periodontitis
- ceRNA, competing endogenous RNA
- lncRNAs, long ncRNAs
- m6A, N6-methyladenosine
- ncRNAs, non-coding RNAs
- sEV, small extracellular vesicles
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Suzuki
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Satoru Yamada
- Department of Periodontology and Endodontology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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9
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Larsson L, Kavanagh NM, Nguyen TVN, Castilho RM, Berglundh T, Giannobile WV. Influence of epigenetics on periodontitis and peri-implantitis pathogenesis. Periodontol 2000 2022; 90:125-137. [PMID: 35913702 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a disease characterized by tooth-associated microbial biofilms that drive chronic inflammation and destruction of periodontal-supporting tissues. In some individuals, disease progression can lead to tooth loss. A similar condition can occur around dental implants in the form of peri-implantitis. The immune response to bacterial challenges is not only influenced by genetic factors, but also by environmental factors. Epigenetics involves the study of gene function independent of changes to the DNA sequence and its associated proteins, and represents a critical link between genetic and environmental factors. Epigenetic modifications have been shown to contribute to the progression of several diseases, including chronic inflammatory diseases like periodontitis and peri-implantitis. This review aims to present the latest findings on epigenetic influences on periodontitis and to discuss potential mechanisms that may influence peri-implantitis, given the paucity of information currently available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Larsson
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Nolan M Kavanagh
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Trang V N Nguyen
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Rogerio M Castilho
- Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine and Laboratory of Epithelial Biology, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Tord Berglundh
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - William V Giannobile
- Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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10
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Zhao Z, Wang H, Li X, Hou J, Yang Y, Li H. Comprehensive analysis of DNA methylation for periodontitis. Int J Implant Dent 2022; 8:22. [PMID: 35491409 PMCID: PMC9058047 DOI: 10.1186/s40729-022-00420-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periodontitis is an infectious disease, and a risk factor for peri-implantitis that could result in the implant loss. DNA methylation has an essential role in the etiology and pathogenesis of inflammatory disease. However, there is lack of study on methylation status of genes in periodontitis. This study sought to explore the gene methylation profiling microarray in periodontitis. Methods Through searching in the Gene Expression Omnibus database, a gene methylation profiling data set GSE173081 was identified, which included 12 periodontitis samples and 12 normal samples, respectively. Thereafter, the data of GSE173081 was downloaded and analyzed to determined differentially methylated genes (DMGs), which then were used to perform Gene Ontology analysis and pathway enrichment analyses through online database. In addition, the DMGs were applied to construct the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network information, predict the hub genes in pathology of periodontitis. Results In total 668 DMGs were sorted and identified from the data set, which included 621 hypo-methylated genes and 47 hyper-methylated genes. Through the function and ontology analysis, these 668 genes are mainly classified into intracellular signaling pathway, cell components, cell–cell interaction, and cellular behaviors. The pathway analysis showed that the hypo-methylated genes were mostly enriched in the pathway of cGMP–PKG signaling pathway; RAF/MAP kinase; PI3K–Akt signaling pathway, while hyper-methylated genes were mostly enriched in the pathway of bacterial invasion of epithelial cells; sphingolipid signaling pathway and DCC mediated attractive signaling. The PPI network contained 630 nodes and 1790 interactions. Moreover, further analysis identified top 10 hub genes (APP; PAX6; LPAR1; WNT3A; BMP2; PI3KR2; GATA4; PLCB1; GATA6; CXCL12) as central nodes that are involved in the immune system and the inflammatory response. Conclusions This study provides comprehensive information of methylation status of genes to the revelation of periodontitis pathogenesis that may contribute to future research on periodontitis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40729-022-00420-8.
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Khouly I, Pardiñas López S, Díaz Prado SM, Ferrantino L, Kalm J, Larsson L, Asa’ad F. Global DNA Methylation in Dental Implant Failure Due to Peri-Implantitis: An Exploratory Clinical Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19021020. [PMID: 35055840 PMCID: PMC8775395 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19021020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background: Peri-implantitis (PIT) is highly prevalent in patients with dental implants and is a challenging condition to treat due to the limited outcomes reported for non-surgical and surgical therapies. Therefore, epigenetic therapeutics might be of key importance to treat PIT. However, developing epigenetic therapeutics is based on understanding the relationship between epigenetics and disease. To date, there is still scarce knowledge about the relationship between epigenetic modifications and PIT, which warrants further investigations. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of global DNA methylation associated with implant failure (IF) due to PIT compared to periodontally healthy (PH) patients. Material and Methods: A total of 20 participants were initially enrolled in this pilot, exploratory, single-blinded, cross-sectional clinical human study in two groups: 10 in the PH group and 10 in the IF group. In the participants who have completed the study, gingival tissue and bone samples were harvested from each participant and were used to perform global DNA methylation analysis. The percentage of global DNA methylation (5-mC%) was compared (1) between groups (PH and IF); (2) between the subgroups of gingival tissue and bone separately; (3) in the whole sample, comparing gingival tissue and bone; (4) within groups, comparing gingival tissue and bone. Demographic, periodontal, and peri-implant measurements as well as periodontal staging, were also recorded. All statistical comparisons were made at the 0.05 significance level. Results: Out of the initially enrolled 20 patients, only 19 completed the study and, thus, were included in the final analysis; 10 patients in the PH group and 9 patients in the IF group, contributing to a total of 38 samples. One patient from the IF group was excluded from the study due to systemic disease. The mean implant survival time was 10.8 years (2.17–15.25 years). Intergroup comparison, stratified by group, indicated a similar 5-mC% between the PH and IF groups in both gingival tissue and bone (p = 0.599), only in bone (p = 0.414), and only in gingival tissue (p = 0.744). Intragroup comparison, stratified by the type of sample, indicated a significantly higher 5-mC% in gingival tissue samples compared to bone in both the PH and IF groups (p = 0.001), in the PH group (p = 0.019), and in the IF group (p = 0.009). Conclusions: Within the limitations of this study, higher global DNA methylation levels were found in gingival tissue samples compared to bone, regardless of the study groups. However, similar global DNA methylation levels were observed overall between the IF and PH groups. Yet, differences in the global DNA methylation levels between gingival tissues and bone, regardless of the study group, could reflect a different epigenetic response between various tissues within the same microenvironment. Further studies are necessary to elucidate the present findings and to evaluate the role of epigenetic modifications in IF due to PIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael Khouly
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Dentistry, New York University, New York, NY 10010, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Simon Pardiñas López
- Periodontology and Oral Surgery, Clínica Médico Dental Pardiñas, Real 66, 3°, 15003 A Coruña, Spain;
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña, Rúa As Casballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Silvia María Díaz Prado
- Institute of Biomedical Research of A Coruña (INIBIC), Galician Health Service (SERGAS), University Hospital Complex A Coruña (CHUAC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain;
- Centro de Investigaciones Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), University of A Coruña, Rúa As Casballeiras, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Group, Department of Physiotherapy, Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of A Coruña (UDC), 15006 A Coruña, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER) de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Luca Ferrantino
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical, and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- Department of Aesthetic Dentistry, Istituto Stomatologico Italiano, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Josephine Kalm
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; (J.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Lena Larsson
- Department of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden; (J.K.); (L.L.)
| | - Farah Asa’ad
- Department of Biomaterials, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden;
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Institute of Odontology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, SE-405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
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Cho YD, Kim WJ, Ryoo HM, Kim HG, Kim KH, Ku Y, Seol YJ. Current advances of epigenetics in periodontology from ENCODE project: a review and future perspectives. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:92. [PMID: 33902683 PMCID: PMC8077755 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01074-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) project has advanced our knowledge of the functional elements in the genome and epigenome. The aim of this article was to provide the comprehension about current research trends from ENCODE project and establish the link between epigenetics and periodontal diseases based on epigenome studies and seek the future direction. MAIN BODY Global epigenome research projects have emphasized the importance of epigenetic research for understanding human health and disease, and current international consortia show an improved interest in the importance of oral health with systemic health. The epigenetic studies in dental field have been mainly conducted in periodontology and have focused on DNA methylation analysis. Advances in sequencing technology have broadened the target for epigenetic studies from specific genes to genome-wide analyses. CONCLUSIONS In line with global research trends, further extended and advanced epigenetic studies would provide crucial information for the realization of comprehensive dental medicine and expand the scope of ongoing large-scale research projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Dan Cho
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Woo-Jin Kim
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun-Mo Ryoo
- Department of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Gee Kim
- Biomedical Knowledge Engineering Laboratory, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Hwa Kim
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Young Ku
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Yang-Jo Seol
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University and Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Yeongeon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea.
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Kajiya M, Kurihara H. Molecular Mechanisms of Periodontal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020930. [PMID: 33477754 PMCID: PMC7832304 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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