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Kanda T, Sasaki-Tanaka R, Ishii K, Suzuki R, Inoue J, Tsuchiya A, Nakamoto S, Abe R, Fujiwara K, Yokosuka O, Li TC, Kunita S, Yotsuyanagi H, Okamoto H. Recent advances in hepatitis A virus research and clinical practice guidelines for hepatitis A virus infection in Japan. Hepatol Res 2024; 54:4-23. [PMID: 37906585 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
In 2018, there was a hepatitis A outbreak in Japan, and hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is considered a sexually transmitted disease. In general, patients with hepatitis A should be given attention, and this disease should be prevented more than ever. The Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) Hepatitis A and E viruses (HAV and HEV) Study Group has worked on the project to create "Recent Advances in Hepatitis A Virus (HAV) Research and Clinical Practice Guidelines for HAV Infection in Japan". The group consists of expert hepatologists and virologists who gathered at virtual meeting on August 5, 2023. Data about the pathogenesis, infection routes, diagnosis, complications, several factors for the severities, vaccination, and current and future treatments for hepatitis A were discussed and debated for a draft version. The participants assessed the quality of cited studies. The finalized recommendations are presented in this review. The recent advances in HAV research and clinical practice for HAV infection in Japan, have been reviewed by the AMED HAV and HEV Study Group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kanda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reina Sasaki-Tanaka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Ishii
- Department of Quality Assurance and Radiological Protection, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Suzuki
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jun Inoue
- Division of Gastroenterology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Atsunori Tsuchiya
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Shingo Nakamoto
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ryuzo Abe
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Oita University, Yufu, Oita, Japan
| | - Keiichi Fujiwara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Osamu Yokosuka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Tian-Cheng Li
- Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kunita
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Advanced Clinical Research Center, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Applied Immunology, Hospital of the Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okamoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan
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Doulberis M, Papaefthymiou A, Polyzos SA, Vardaka E, Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou M, Chatzopoulos D, Koffas A, Papadopoulos V, Kyrailidi F, Kountouras J. Local and systemic autoimmune manifestations linked to hepatitis A infection. Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2023; 86:429-436. [PMID: 37814559 DOI: 10.51821/86.3.11299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Hepatitis A virus (HAV) represents a global burdening infectious agent causing in the majority of cases a self-limiting acute icteric syndrome, the outcome is related to the hepatic substrate and the potential pre-existing damage, whereas a plethora of extra-hepatic manifestations has also been reported. Despite the absence of post- HAV chronicity it has been associated with an additional burden on existing chronic liver diseases. Moreover, the induced immune response and the antigenic molecular mimicry are considered as triggering factors of autoimmunity with regional and distal impact. Diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, Still's syndrome, Henoch-Schönlein purpura, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, antiphospholipid syndrome, systematic lupus erythematosus or cryoglobulinemic vasculitis have been described in patients with HAV infection. Although the exact mechanisms remain unclear, this review aims to accumulate and clarify the pathways related to this linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Doulberis
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University Department, Kantonsspital Aarau, Switzerland
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Papaefthymiou
- Pancreaticobiliary Medicine Unit, University College London Hospitals (UCLH), London, UK
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - S A Polyzos
- First Laboratory of Pharmacology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - E Vardaka
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece
| | - M Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
- Department of Midwifery, University of Western Macedonia, Macedonia, Greece
| | - D Chatzopoulos
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - A Koffas
- Barts Liver Centre, Centre for Immunobiology, Blizzard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, QMUL, London, UK
| | - V Papadopoulos
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - F Kyrailidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - J Kountouras
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Medical Clinic, Ippokration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Hepatitis A Virus Infection and Molecular Research. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137214. [PMID: 35806219 PMCID: PMC9266843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Huang X, Gao Y, Cao H, Li J, Mo S, Li T, Wu J, Guo K, Wei R, Zhang K. Effects of scoparone on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease revealed by RNA sequencing. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:1004284. [PMID: 36157436 PMCID: PMC9500212 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.1004284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Scoparone (SCO) is known to have curative effect of alleviating liver injury. The purpose of this study was to observe the therapeutic effect and possible mechanism of SCO against high-fat diet (HFD) induced non-alcoholic liver disease (NAFLD) through in vivo experiments and RNA sequencing. Male Kunming mice were fed with HFD for 8 weeks to establish a mouse model of NAFLD, and SCO was used to treat NAFLD. Histopathology and biochemical indicators were used to evaluate the liver injury and the efficacy of SCO. RNA sequencing analysis was performed to elucidate the hepatoprotective mechanism of SCO. Finally, the differentially expressed genes of cholesterol synthesis and fatty acid (triglyceride) synthesis pathways were verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot. The histopathological results showed that HFD could lead to significant steatosis in mice, while SCO could alleviate liver steatosis remarkably in NAFLD mice. The determination of biochemical indicators showed that SCO could inhibit the increased serum transaminase activity and liver lipid level induced by HFD. RNA sequencing analysis of liver tissues found that 2742 and 3663 genes were significantly changed by HFD and SCO, respectively. SCO reversed the most of genes involved in cholesterol synthesis and fatty acid (triglyceride) metabolism induced by HFD. the results of the validation experiment were mostly consistent with the RNA sequencing. SCO alleviated liver injury and steatosis in NAFLD mice, which may be closely related to the regulation of cholesterol and fatty acid (triglyceride) metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Huang
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ya Gao
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Houkang Cao
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siyi Mo
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ting Li
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Jianzhao Wu
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Riming Wei
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Riming Wei, ; Kefeng Zhang,
| | - Kefeng Zhang
- Pharmacology Laboratory of Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence of Disease, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Diabetic Systems Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Riming Wei, ; Kefeng Zhang,
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Datfar T, Doulberis M, Papaefthymiou A, Hines IN, Manzini G. Viral Hepatitis and Hepatocellular Carcinoma: State of the Art. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10111366. [PMID: 34832522 PMCID: PMC8619105 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10111366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Viral hepatitis is one of the main causes leading to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The continued rise in incidence of HCC suggests additional factors following infection may be involved. This review examines recent studies investigating the molecular mechanisms of chronic hepatitis and its association with hepatocarcinogenesis. Hepatitis B virus patients with genotype C display an aggressive disease course leading to HCC more than other genotypes. Furthermore, hepatitis B excretory antigen (HBeAg) seems to be a more sensitive predictive tumor marker exhibiting a six-fold higher relative risk in patients with positive HBsAg and HBeAg than those with HBsAg only. Single or combined mutations of viral genome can predict HCC development in up to 80% of patients. Several mutations in HBx-gene are related with higher HCC incidence. Overexpression of the core protein in HCV leads to hepatocellular lipid accumulation associated with oncogenesis. Reduced number and decreased functionality of natural killer cells in chronic HCV individuals dysregulate their surveillance function in tumor and viral cells resulting in HCC. Furthermore, high T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin 3 levels supress CD8+ T-cells, which lead to immunological dysregulation. Hepatitis D promotes HCC development indirectly via modifications to innate immunity, epigenetic alterations and production of reactive oxygen species with the LHDAg being the most highly associated with HCC development. Summarizing the results, HBV and HCV infection represent the most associated forms of viral hepatitis causing HCC. Further studies are warranted to further improve the prediction of high-risk patients and development of targeted therapeutics preventing the transition from hepatic inflammation–fibrosis to cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toofan Datfar
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Hospital of Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +41-76-4930834
| | - Michael Doulberis
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital of Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland;
| | | | - Ian N. Hines
- Department of Nutrition Science, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA;
| | - Giulia Manzini
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Hospital of Aarau, 5001 Aarau, Switzerland;
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Knockdown of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase 3 Negatively Regulates Hepatitis A Virus Replication. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147420. [PMID: 34299039 PMCID: PMC8303476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Zinc chloride is known to be effective in combatting hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection, and zinc ions seem to be especially involved in Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathways. In the present study, we examined this involvement in human hepatoma cell lines using a human TLR signaling target RT-PCR array. We also observed that zinc chloride inhibited mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 (MAP2K3) expression, which could downregulate HAV replication in human hepatocytes. It is possible that zinc chloride may inhibit HAV replication in association with its inhibition of MAP2K3. In that regard, this study set out to determine whether MAP2K3 could be considered a modulating factor in the development of the HAV pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) and its triggering of interferon-β production. Because MAP2K3 seems to play a role in antiviral immunity against HAV infection, it is a promising target for drug development. The inhibition of MAP2K3 may also prevent HAV patients from developing a severe hepatitis A infection.
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Kanda T, Sasaki R, Masuzaki R, Takahashi H, Fujisawa M, Matsumoto N, Okamoto H, Moriyama M. Additive Effects of Zinc Chloride on the Suppression of Hepatitis A Virus Replication by Interferon in Human Hepatoma Huh7 Cells. In Vivo 2021; 34:3301-3308. [PMID: 33144437 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infection is still one of the serious health problems worldwide, despite the existence of effective vaccines for HAV. Zinc compounds have antiviral activities against various DNA and RNA viruses. Therefore, we investigated the effects of zinc compounds on the antiviral activity of interferon against HAV. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of zinc compounds with or without interferon on HAV genotype IIIA HA11-1299 replication were examined in human hepatoma Huh7 cells. Cell viability was examined by the MTS assay. Inflammasome associated gene expression was examined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Both zinc sulfate and zinc chloride had an inhibitory effect on HAV replication. Zinc sulfate tended to enhance while zinc chloride significantly enhanced the anti-HAV effect induced by interferon-alpha-2a. Zinc chloride significantly up-regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 (MAPK12) and down-regulated 6 related genes [baculoviral IAP repeat containing 3 (BIRC3), interleukin 1 beta (IL1B), proline-serine-threonine phosphatase interacting protein 1 (PSTPIP1), prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (PTGS2), PYD and CARD domain containing (PYCARD), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)]. CONCLUSION Zinc chloride inhibits HAV replication and has additive effects on the anti-HAV activities of interferon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuo Kanda
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Reina Sasaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Masuzaki
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takahashi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Fujisawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoki Matsumoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Okamoto
- Division of Virology, Department of Infection and Immunity, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Tochigi-ken, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Moriyama
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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