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López de Mingo I, Rivera González MX, Maestú Unturbe C. The Cellular Response Is Determined by a Combination of Different ELF-EMF Exposure Parameters: A Scope Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5074. [PMID: 38791113 PMCID: PMC11121623 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the establishment of regulations for exposure to extremely low-frequency (0-300) Hz electromagnetic fields, scientific opinion has prioritised the hypothesis that the most important parameter determining cellular behaviour has been intensity, ignoring the other exposure parameters (frequency, time, mode, waveform). This has been reflected in the methodologies of the in vitro articles published and the reviews in which they are included. A scope review was carried out, grouping a total of 79 articles that met the proposed inclusion criteria and studying the effects of the different experiments on viability, proliferation, apoptosis, oxidative stress and the cell cycle. These results have been divided and classified by frequency, intensity, exposure time and exposure mode (continuous/intermittent). The results obtained for each of the processes according to the exposure parameter used are shown graphically to highlight the importance of a good methodology in experimental development and the search for mechanisms of action that explain the experimental results, considering not only the criterion of intensity. The consequence of this is a more than necessary revision of current exposure protection regulations for the general population based on the reductionist criterion of intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel López de Mingo
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.d.M.); (M.-X.R.G.)
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Marco-Xavier Rivera González
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.d.M.); (M.-X.R.G.)
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros Informáticos (ETSIINF), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ceferino Maestú Unturbe
- Centro de Tecnología Biomédica (CTB), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28223 Madrid, Spain; (I.L.d.M.); (M.-X.R.G.)
- Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingenieros de Telecomunicación (ETSIT), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación en Red—Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Sharma S, Mehan S, Khan Z, Gupta GD, Narula AS. Icariin prevents methylmercury-induced experimental neurotoxicity: Evidence from cerebrospinal fluid, blood plasma, brain samples, and in-silico investigations. Heliyon 2024; 10:e24050. [PMID: 38226245 PMCID: PMC10788811 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e24050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease that causes significant neurodegeneration. Methylmercury (MeHg+) is a neurotoxin that induces axonal neurodegeneration and motor nerve degeneration by destroying oligodendrocytes, degenerating white matter, inducing apoptosis, excitotoxicity, and reducing myelin basic protein (MBP). This study examines the inhibition of SIRT-1 (silence information regulator 1), Nrf-2 (nuclear factor E2-related factor 2), HO-1 (heme oxygenase 1), and TDP-43 (TAR-DNA-binding protein 43) accumulation in the context of ALS, as well as the modulation of these proteins by icariin (15 and 30 mg/kg, orally), a glycoside flavonoid with neuroprotective properties. Neuroprotective icariin activates SIRT-1, Nrf-2, and HO-1, mitigating inflammation and neuronal injury in neurodegenerative disorders. In-vivo and in-silico testing of experimental ALS models confirmed icariin efficacy in modulating these cellular targets. The addition of sirtinol 10 mg/kg, an inhibitor of SIRT-1, helps determine the effectiveness of icariin. In this study, we also examined neurobehavioral, neurochemical, histopathological, and LFB (Luxol fast blue) markers in various biological samples, including Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), blood plasma, and brain homogenates (Cerebral Cortex, Hippocampus, Striatum, mid-brain, and Cerebellum). These results demonstrate that the administration of icariin ameliorates experimental ALS and that the mechanism underlying these benefits is likely related to regulating the SIRT-1, Nrf-2, and HO-1 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarthak Sharma
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India), Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Sidharth Mehan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India), Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Zuber Khan
- Division of Neuroscience, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India), Moga, Punjab, India
| | - Ghanshyam Das Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy (Affiliated to IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144603, India), Moga, Punjab, India
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Yin S, Han F, Zhou C, Zhao Y. Effect of rmEGF combined with ELF-EMF on promoting wound healing in rats. Technol Health Care 2024; 32:321-328. [PMID: 38669498 PMCID: PMC11191461 DOI: 10.3233/thc-248028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The process of wound healing is complex, and expediting it remains a challenge. The advantages of extremely low frequency electric and magnetic fields (ELF-EMF) are its non-invasive treatment, promotes healing and promotes myogenesis of C2C12 cells. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) is known to play a vital role in promoting wound healing, so a combination of ELF-EMF and EGF can have far-reaching significance. OBJECTIVE To study the effect of recombinant murine epidermal growth factor (rmEGF) combined with ELF-EMF on wound healing. METHODS Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into three groups: normal control group, EGF group, and ELF-EMF+EGF group, and a 20 mm × 20 mm dorsal wound was made. The wound healing rate of rats was calculated on the 3rd, 7th, 11th and 15th day. HE staining was used to observe the micro-morphological changes during the wound healing process. RESULTS The wound healing rate of EGF+ELF-EMF group was better than other groups. On the 15th day of wound healing, the wounds of each group were completely healed. On the 3rd, 7th, 11th and 15th day of HE staining, the early inflammatory cell infiltration, the arrangement of fibroblasts and the number of new capillaries in the wounds of EGF+ELF-EMF group were better than those of the other groups. CONCLUSIONS rmEGF combined with ELF-EMF significantly promotes wound healing in SD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Yin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Fujun Han
- Department of Plastic Surgery, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Emergency Department, SongBei Hospital of The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Mental Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chenliang Zhou
- Emergency Department, SongBei Hospital of The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yonghou Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Heilongjiang Mental Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Okabe N, Hovanesyan M, Azarapetian S, Dai W, Weisinger B, Parabucki A, Balter SR, Shohami E, Segal Y, Carmichael ST. Theta Frequency Electromagnetic Stimulation Enhances Functional Recovery After Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01202-z. [PMID: 37962771 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01202-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Extremely low-frequency, low-intensity electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) therapy is a non-invasive brain stimulation method that can modulate neuroprotection and neuroplasticity. ELF-EMF was recently shown to enhance recovery in human stroke in a small pilot clinical trial (NCT04039178). ELF-EMFs encompass a wide range of frequencies, typically ranging from 1 to 100 Hz, and their effects can vary depending on the specific frequency employed. However, whether and to what extent the effectiveness of ELF-EMFs depends on the frequency remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to assess the efficacy of different frequency-intensity protocols of ELF-EMF in promoting functional recovery in a mouse cortical stroke model with treatment initiated 4 days after the stroke, employing a series of motor behavior tests. Our findings demonstrate that a theta-frequency ELF-EMF (5 Hz) effectively enhances functional recovery in a reach-to-grasp task, whereas neither gamma-frequency (40 Hz) nor combination frequency (5-16-40 Hz) ELF-EMFs induce a significant effect. Importantly, our histological analysis reveals that none of the ELF-EMF protocols employed in our study affect infarct volume, inflammatory, or glial activation, suggesting that the observed beneficial effects may be mediated through non-neuroprotective mechanisms. Our data indicate that ELF-EMFs have an influence on functional recovery after stroke, and this effect is contingent upon the specific frequency used. These findings underscore the critical importance of optimizing the protocol parameters to maximize the beneficial effects of ELF-EMF. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and refine the protocol parameters for optimal therapeutic outcomes in stroke rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiko Okabe
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
| | - Mary Hovanesyan
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Srbui Azarapetian
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Weiye Dai
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | - Esther Shohami
- BrainQ Technologies, Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yaron Segal
- BrainQ Technologies, Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel
| | - S Thomas Carmichael
- Department of Neurology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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Zhang H, Zhang X, Wang Y, Zhao X, Zhang L, Li J, Zhang Y, Wang P, Liang H. Dietary Folic Acid Supplementation Attenuates Maternal High-Fat Diet-Induced Fetal Intrauterine Growth Retarded via Ameliorating Placental Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Rats. Nutrients 2023; 15:3263. [PMID: 37513681 PMCID: PMC10385450 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The placenta is particularly susceptible to inflammation and oxidative stress, leading to placental vascular dysfunction and placental insufficiency, which is associated with fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). It is unknown whether folic acid (FA) supplementation can alleviate high-fat diet-induced IUGR in rats by improving placental function. In this study, pregnant rats were randomized into one of four diet-based groups: (1) control diet (CON), (2) control diet supplemented with FA, (3) high-fat diet (HFD), and (4) high-fat diet supplemented with FA (HFD + FA). Dams were sacrificed at gestation day 18.5 (GD18.5). The results indicated that dietary FA supplementation normalized a maternal HFD-induced decrease in fetal weight. The decrease in placental efficiency, labyrinth zone (LZ) area, blood sinusoid area, vascular density, and the levels of angiogenesis factors induced by a maternal HFD were alleviated by the addition of FA, suggesting that FA supplementation can alleviate placental vascular dysplasia. Furthermore, FA supplementation increased the protein expressions of SIRT1, inhibited NF-κB transcriptional activation, attenuated the levels of NF-κB/downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines, induced Nrf2 activation, and increased downstream target protein expression. In conclusion, we found that dietary FA supplementation during pregnancy could improve maternal HFD-induced IUGR by alleviating placental inflammation and oxidative stress, which may be associated with the regulation of SIRT1 and its mediated NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hui Liang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Qingdao University, 308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; (H.Z.); (X.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.Z.); (L.Z.); (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (P.W.)
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Paolucci T, Pino V, Elsallabi O, Gallorini M, Pozzato G, Pozzato A, Lanuti P, Reis VM, Pesce M, Pantalone A, Buda R, Patruno A. Quantum Molecular Resonance Inhibits NLRP3 Inflammasome/Nitrosative Stress and Promotes M1 to M2 Macrophage Polarization: Potential Therapeutic Effect in Osteoarthritis Model In Vitro. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1358. [PMID: 37507898 PMCID: PMC10376596 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of Quantum Molecular Resonance (QMR) technology in an in vitro model of osteoarthritis-related inflammation. The study used THP-1-derived macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and hyaluronic acid fragments to induce the expression of inflammatory cytokines and nitrosative stress. QMR treatment inhibited COX-2 and iNOS protein expression and activity and reduced NF-κB activity. Furthermore, QMR treatment led to a significant reduction in peroxynitrite levels, reactive nitrogen species that can form during inflammatory conditions, and restored tyrosine nitration values to those similar to sham-exposed control cells. We also investigated the effect of QMR treatment on inflammasome activation and macrophage polarization in THP-1-derived macrophages. Results showed that QMR treatment significantly decreased NLRP3 and activated caspase-1 protein expression levels and downregulated IL-18 and IL-1β protein expression and secretion. Finally, our findings indicate that QMR treatment induces a switch in macrophage polarization from the M1 phenotype to the M2 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Paolucci
- Department of Oral, Medical and Biotechnological Sciences, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University G. D'Annunzio, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Vanessa Pino
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Osama Elsallabi
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Institute on the Biology of Aging and Metabolism and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Marialucia Gallorini
- Department of Pharmacy, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | - Paola Lanuti
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Victor Machado Reis
- Research Centre in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Mirko Pesce
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Andrea Pantalone
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Roberto Buda
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Antonia Patruno
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
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Mehdizadeh R, Ansari AM, Forouzesh F, Ghadirian R, Shahriari F, Shariatpanahi SP, Javidi MA. Cross-talk between non-ionizing electromagnetic fields and metastasis; EMT and hybrid E/M may explain the anticancer role of EMFs. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023:S0079-6107(23)00060-3. [PMID: 37302516 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that non-ionizing electromagnetic fields (NIEMFs) in a specific frequency, intensity, and exposure time can have anti-cancer effects on various cancer cells; however, the underlying precise mechanism of action is not transparent. Most cancer deaths are due to metastasis. This important phenomenon plays an inevitable role in different steps of cancer including progression and development. It has different stages including invasion, intravasation, migration, extravasation, and homing. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as well as hybrid E/M state, are biological processes, that involve both natural embryogenesis and tissue regeneration, and abnormal conditions including organ fibrosis or metastasis. In this context, some evidence reveals possible footprints of the important EMT-related pathways which may be affected in different EMFs treatments. In this article, critical EMT molecules and/or pathways which can be potentially affected by EMFs (e.g., VEGFR, ROS, P53, PI3K/AKT, MAPK, Cyclin B1, and NF-кB) are discussed to shed light on the mechanism of EMFs anti-cancer effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romina Mehdizadeh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science, and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Madjid Ansari
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Flora Forouzesh
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science, and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reyhane Ghadirian
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shahriari
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Amin Javidi
- Department of Integrative Oncology, Breast Cancer Research Center, Motamed Cancer Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science, and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Weisinger B, Pandey DP, Saver JL, Hochberg A, Bitton A, Doniger GM, Lifshitz A, Vardi O, Shohami E, Segal Y, Reznik Balter S, Djemal Kay Y, Alter A, Prasad A, Bornstein NM. Frequency-tuned electromagnetic field therapy improves post-stroke motor function: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1004677. [PMID: 36452175 PMCID: PMC9702345 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1004677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Impaired upper extremity (UE) motor function is a common disability after ischemic stroke. Exposure to extremely low frequency and low intensity electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) in a frequency-specific manner (Electromagnetic Network Targeting Field therapy; ENTF therapy) is a non-invasive method available to a wide range of patients that may enhance neuroplasticity, potentially facilitating motor recovery. This study seeks to quantify the benefit of the ENTF therapy on UE motor function in a subacute ischemic stroke population. METHODS In a randomized, sham-controlled, double-blind trial, ischemic stroke patients in the subacute phase with moderately to severely impaired UE function were randomly allocated to active or sham treatment with a novel, non-invasive, brain computer interface-based, extremely low frequency and low intensity ENTF therapy (1-100 Hz, < 1 G). Participants received 40 min of active ENTF or sham treatment 5 days/week for 8 weeks; ~three out of the five treatments were accompanied by 10 min of concurrent physical/occupational therapy. Primary efficacy outcome was improvement on the Fugl-Meyer Assessment - Upper Extremity (FMA-UE) from baseline to end of treatment (8 weeks). RESULTS In the per protocol set (13 ENTF and 8 sham participants), mean age was 54.7 years (±15.0), 19% were female, baseline FMA-UE score was 23.7 (±11.0), and median time from stroke onset to first stimulation was 11 days (interquartile range (IQR) 8-15). Greater improvement on the FMA-UE from baseline to week 4 was seen with ENTF compared to sham stimulation, 23.2 ± 14.1 vs. 9.6 ± 9.0, p = 0.007; baseline to week 8 improvement was 31.5 ± 10.7 vs. 23.1 ± 14.1. Similar favorable effects at week 8 were observed for other UE and global disability assessments, including the Action Research Arm Test (Pinch, 13.4 ± 5.6 vs. 5.3 ± 6.5, p = 0.008), Box and Blocks Test (affected hand, 22.5 ± 12.4 vs. 8.5 ± 8.6, p < 0.0001), and modified Rankin Scale (-2.5 ± 0.7 vs. -1.3 ± 0.7, p = 0.0005). No treatment-related adverse events were reported. CONCLUSIONS ENTF stimulation in subacute ischemic stroke patients was associated with improved UE motor function and reduced overall disability, and results support its safe use in the indicated population. These results should be confirmed in larger multicenter studies. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04039178, identifier: NCT04039178.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dharam P. Pandey
- Manipal Hospital Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, New Delhi, India
| | - Jeffrey L. Saver
- Department of Neurology, UCLA Comprehensive Stroke and Vascular Neurology Program, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Ofir Vardi
- BrainQ Technologies, Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Esther Shohami
- BrainQ Technologies, Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yaron Segal
- BrainQ Technologies, Ltd., Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | | | | | - Atul Prasad
- Department of Neurology, B. L. Kapur Super Specialty Hospital (BLK), National Capital Territory of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Liu JQ, Zhao XT, Qin FY, Zhou JW, Ding F, Zhou G, Zhang XS, Zhang ZH, Li ZB. Isoliquiritigenin mitigates oxidative damage after subarachnoid hemorrhage in vivo and in vitro by regulating Nrf2-dependent Signaling Pathway via Targeting of SIRT1. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 105:154262. [PMID: 35896045 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress is a crucial factor leading to subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)-induced early brain injury (EBI). Isoliquiritigenin has been verified as a powerful anti-oxidant in a variety of diseases models and can activate sirtuin 1 and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathways. However, the effects of isoliquiritigenin against EBI after SAH and the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. PURPOSE The primary goal of this study is to verify the therapeutic effects of isoliquiritigenin on EBI after SAH and the possible molecular mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN A prechiasmatic cistern SAH model in rats and a hemoglobin incubation SAH model in primary neurons were established. Isoliquiritigenin was administered after SAH induction. EX527 was employed to inhibit sirtuin 1 activation and ML385 was used to suppress Nrf2 signaling. METHODS In our study, neurological scores, brain edema, biochemical estimation, western blotting, and histopathological study were performed to explore the therapeutic action of isoliquiritigenin against SAH. RESULTS Our data revealed that isoliquiritigenin significantly mitigated oxidative damage after SAH as evidenced by decreased reactive oxygen species overproduction and enhanced intrinsic anti-oxidative system. Concomitant with the reduced oxidative insults, isoliquiritigenin improved neurological function and reduced neuronal death in the early period after SAH. Additionally, isoliquiritigenin administration significantly enhanced Nrf2 and sirtuin 1 expressions. Inhibition of Nrf2 by ML385 reversed the anti-oxidative and neuroprotective effects of isoliquiritigenin against SAH. Moreover, inhibiting sirtuin 1 by EX527 pretreatment suppressed isoliquiritigenin-induced Nrf2-dependent pathway and abated the cerebroprotective effects of isoliquiritigenin. In primary cortical neurons, isoliquiritigenin treatment also ameliorated oxidative insults and repressed neuronal degeneration. The beneficial aspects of isoliquiritigenin were attributed to the promotion of sirtuin 1 and Nrf2 signaling pathways and were counteracted by EX527. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that isoliquiritigenin exerts cerebroprotective effects against SAH-induced oxidative insults by modulating the Nrf2-mediated anti-oxidant signaling in part through sirtuin 1 activation. Isoliquiritigenin might be a new potential drug candidate for SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Qiang Liu
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241001, PR China
| | - Xin-Tong Zhao
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241001, PR China
| | - Fei-Yun Qin
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241001, PR China
| | - Jia-Wang Zhou
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241001, PR China
| | - Fei Ding
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241001, PR China
| | - Gang Zhou
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241001, PR China
| | - Xiang-Sheng Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgerya, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Zi-Huan Zhang
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241001, PR China.
| | - Zhen-Bao Li
- The Translational Research Institute for Neurological Disorders of Wannan Medical College, Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu 241001, PR China.
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Piszczek P, Wójcik-Piotrowicz K, Guzdek P, Gil K, Kaszuba-Zwoińska J. Protein expression changes during phagocytosis influenced by low-frequency electromagnetic field exposure. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 217:481-491. [PMID: 35841960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.07.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our studies was to determine the influence of a low-frequency electromagnetic field (EMF) on the phagocytosis of latex beads (LBs) and the expression level of proteins/genes in the human monocytic macrophage Mono Mac 6 (MM6) cell line in in vitro conditions. Before phagocytosis assay cells were pre-stimulated with infectious agents such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), or the proliferatory agent phytohaemagglutinin (PHA), and then exposed to EMF (30 mT, 7 Hz, 3 h). The expression of cytoplasmic proteins like iPLA, cPLA, iNOS, NLR3/4, and Hsp70 involved in the immune response pathways to phagocytosed particles were evaluated with the usage of the Western blot analysis. mRNA encoding the iNOS protein was detected by reverse transcription PCR method. The most meaningful changes were observed for PLA2 and NLC4 proteins level and between iNOS protein expression and mRNA encoding iNOS protein amount. The EMF exposure exerted the strongest effect on iNOS encoding mRNA in cells pre-stimulated with LPS or SEB and phagocytosing LBs. The influence of EMF on phagocytosis was experimentally proved for the first time and there is a need for further investigations in term of the usage of EMF as a prospect, supportive therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Piszczek
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta street 18, 31-121 Cracow, Poland.
| | - Karolina Wójcik-Piotrowicz
- Department of Biophysics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Łazarza street 16, 31-530 Cracow, Poland
| | - Piotr Guzdek
- Łukasiewicz Research Network - Institute of Microelectronics and Photonics, Lotników street 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Gil
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta street 18, 31-121 Cracow, Poland
| | - Jolanta Kaszuba-Zwoińska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Czysta street 18, 31-121 Cracow, Poland
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11
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Improved osteogenic differentiation by extremely low electromagnetic field exposure: possible application for bone engineering. Histochem Cell Biol 2022; 158:369-381. [PMID: 35751679 PMCID: PMC9512759 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-022-02126-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human periodontal ligament mesenchymal stem cells (hPDLSCs) are a promising cell type model for regenerative medicine applications due to their anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory and non-tumorigenic potentials. Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMF) are reported to affect biological properties such as cell proliferation and differentiation and modulate gene expression profile. In this study, we investigated the effects of an intermittent ELF-EMF exposure (6 h/day) for the standard differentiation period (28 days) and for 10 days in hPDLSCs in the presence or not of osteogenic differentiation medium (OM). We evaluated cell proliferation, de novo calcium deposition and osteogenic differentiation marker expression in sham and ELF-EMF-exposed cells. After ELF-EMF exposure, compared with sham-exposed, an increase in cell proliferation rate (p < 0.001) and de novo calcium deposition (p < 0.001) was observed after 10 days of exposure. Real-time PCR and Western blot results showed that COL1A1 and RUNX-2 gene expression and COL1A1, RUNX-2 and OPN protein expression were upregulated respectively in the cells exposed to ELF-EMF exposure along with or without OM for 10 days. Altogether, these results suggested that the promotion of osteogenic differentiation is more efficient in ELF-EMF-exposed hPDLSCs. Moreover, our analyses indicated that there is an early induction of hPDLSC differentiation after ELF-EMF application.
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12
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Zheng Y, Mei L, Li S, Ma T, Xia B, Hao Y, Gao X, Wei B, Wei Y, Jing D, Luo Z, Huang J. Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Alleviates Intervertebral Disc Degeneration by Activating Sirt1-Autophagy Signaling Network. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:853872. [PMID: 35387300 PMCID: PMC8978825 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.853872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is regarded as a major contributor to low back pain (LBP), causing serious economic burden on individuals and society. Unfortunately, there are limited effective treatment for IVD degeneration. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) is an economical and effective physical therapy method, with reduced side-effects. It offers certain protection to a number of degenerative diseases. Therefore, understanding the underlying mechanism of PEMF on IVD is important for improving the PEMF therapeutic efficiency. In this study, PEMF up-regulated extracellular matrix (ECM) related genes in degenerated nucleus pulposus (NP) cells. It also increased SIRT1 expression and promoted autophagy in degenerated NP cells. In contrast, the autophagy suppressor 3-methyladenine (3-MA) reversed the beneficial effect of PEMF on ECM production. Similarly, the SIRT1 enzyme activity suppressor EX 527 also inhibited the effect of PEMF on autophagy and ECM production in NP cells, thereby suggesting that PEMF regulated ECM related genes expression through SIRT1-autophagy signaling pathway. Lastly, PEMF significantly reduced IVD degeneration in a rat model of IVD degeneration in vivo. In summary, our study uncovers a critical role of SIRT1-dependent autophagy signaling pathway in ECM protection and thus in the establishment of therapeutic effect of PEMF on IVD degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liangwei Mei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shengyou Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Teng Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiming Hao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xue Gao
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yitao Wei
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Da Jing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuojing Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinghui Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Ye AF, Liu XC, Chen LJ, Xia YP, Yang XB, Sun WJ. Endogenous Ca 2+ release was involved in 50-Hz MF-induced proliferation via Akt-SK1 signal cascade in human amniotic epithelial cells. Electromagn Biol Med 2022; 41:142-151. [PMID: 35129008 DOI: 10.1080/15368378.2022.2031211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism underlying the biological effects caused by an extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) is still unclear. Previously, we found that L-type calcium channel and sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) were involved in 50-Hz MF exposure-induced cell proliferation. In the present study, the role of intracellular Ca2+ and signal molecules related to SK1 in cell proliferation induced by 50-Hz MF was investigated in human amniotic epithelial (FL) cells. Results showed that the intracellular Ca2+ chelator, BAPTA, could completely inhibit 50-Hz MF-induced cell proliferation, whereas NIF, the inhibitor of L-type calcium channel, only partly blocked it. When cells were cultured in calcium-free medium, MF exposure also increased intracellular Ca2+, activated SK1 and promoted cell proliferation although all of those increasing levels were lower than those in complete medium. Moreover, MF-activated SK1 could be completely inhibited by BAPTA, and MF-induced cell proliferation was abolished by SKI II, the specific inhibitor of SK1. Additionally, a 50-Hz MF exposure did not affect the activation of ERK and PKCα under the condition of calcium-free medium, but activated the Akt, which could be precluded entirely by BAPTA, but not be inhibited by NIF. Treatment of FL cells with LY294002, the inhibitor of Akt, could delete the MF-induced SK1 activation under the condition of calcium-free medium. Based on the data from the present experiment, it is concluded that endogenous Ca2+ release was involved in 50-Hz MF-induced cell proliferation via Akt-SK1 signal cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Fang Ye
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
| | - Liang-Jing Chen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China.,Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
| | - Yong-Peng Xia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China.,Shaoxing Shangyu Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shaoxing, ZJ, China
| | - Xiao-Bo Yang
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China.,Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Wen-Jun Sun
- The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China.,Institute of Environmental Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China.,Bioelectromagnetics Key Laboratory, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, ZJ, China
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14
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Yamamoto A, Sly PD, Begum N, Yeo AJ, Fantino E. Resveratrol and Astaxanthin Protect Primary Human Nasal Epithelial Cells Cultured at an Air-liquid Interface from an Acute Oxidant Exposure. JOURNAL OF CELLULAR SIGNALING 2022; 3:207-217. [PMID: 36777035 PMCID: PMC9910318 DOI: 10.33696/signaling.3.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) in the airway epithelium is associated with cell damage, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction that may initiate or worsen respiratory disease. However, it is unclear whether exogenous antioxidants can provide protection to the airway epithelium from OS. Resveratrol and astaxanthin are nutritional compounds that have shown diverse benefits including protection against OS and inflammation in various situations. The aim of this study was to examine the utility of pre-treatment with resveratrol and astaxanthin to prevent the negative effects of oxidant exposure and restore redox homeostasis in a well-differentiated epithelium grown from primary human nasal epithelial cells (NECs) at the air-liquid interface. Fully differentiated NECs were pretreated with the antioxidants for 24 hours and the cultured epithelia was subsequently exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 1 hour to induce an acute OS. Responses measured included mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) generation, redox status (GSH/GSSG ratio), cellular ATP, and signaling pathways (SIRT1, FOXO3, p21, PINK1, PARKIN, NRF2). Following H2O2 exposure, mtROS production increased by 4-fold compared with control (p<0.01) and pre-treatment with resveratrol or astaxanthin reduced this by 50% (p<0.05). H2O2 exposure reduced GSH/GSSG ratio and this decline was prevented by antioxidants pre-treatment. H2O2 exposure caused 2.5-fold increase in p21 mRNA expression compared with control (p<0.05), while a slight decrease in p21 mRNA expression was observed when cells were pre-treated with resveratrol or astaxanthin. Our results demonstrate that antioxidants, resveratrol, and astaxanthin were able to protect cells from an acute OS. These agents show promise that encourages further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaho Yamamoto
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia,Correspondence should be addressed to Ayaho Yamamoto,
| | - Peter D. Sly
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Nelufa Begum
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
| | - Abrey J. Yeo
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia,The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, Herston, Queensland 4029, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Fantino
- Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland 4101, Australia
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15
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Yu W, Chen C, Zhuang W, Wang W, Liu W, Zhao H, Lv J, Xie D, Wang Q, He F, Xu C, Chen B, Yamamoto T, Koyama H, Cheng J. Silencing TXNIP ameliorates high uric acid-induced insulin resistance via the IRS2/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways in macrophages. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 178:42-53. [PMID: 34848368 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) promotes atherosclerosis and increases the risk of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Our previous studies have demonstrated that high uric acid (HUA) increased oxidative stress, leading to IR in cardiomyocytes and pancreatic β cells. However, whether HUA can induce IR in monocytes/macrophages, which play critical roles in all stages of atherosclerosis, is unclear. Recent findings revealed that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) negatively regulates insulin signaling; however, the roles and mechanisms of TXNIP in HUA-induced IR remain unclear. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the function of TXNIP in macrophages treated with UA. Transcriptomic profiling revealed TXNIP as one of the most upregulated genes, and subsequent RT-PCR and Western blot analyses confirmed that TXNIP was upregulated by HUA. HUA treatment significantly increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (MtROS) levels and decreased insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Silencing TXNIP by RNA interference significantly diminished HUA-induced oxidative stress and IR. Mechanistically, silencing TXNIP reversed the inhibition of the phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate 2 (IRS2)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway induced by HUA. Additional study revealed that HUA induced the activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) signaling pathway, but silencing TXNIP abolished it. Moreover, Nrf2 inhibitor (ML385) ameliorated HUA-induced IR independent of IRS2/AKT signaling. Probenecid, a well-known UA-lowering drug, significantly suppressed the activation of TXNIP and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling. Furthermore, RNA-seq revealed that activation of the TXNIP-related redox pathway may be a key regulator in patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia. These data suggest that silencing TXNIP could ameliorate HUA-induced IR via the IRS2/AKT and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways in macrophages. Additionally, TXNIP might be a promising therapeutic target for preventing and treating oxidative stress and IR induced by HUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chunjuan Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wanling Zhuang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Hairong Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jiaming Lv
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - De Xie
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Furong He
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chenxi Xu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Bingyang Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tetsuya Yamamoto
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hidenori Koyama
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Jidong Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
- Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Clinical Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine for Nucleic Acid Metabolism and Regulation, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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16
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Lu C, Kolbenschlag J, Nüssler AK, Ehnert S, McCaig CD, Čebron U, Daigeler A, Prahm C. Direct Current Electrical Fields Improve Experimental Wound Healing by Activation of Cytokine Secretion and Erk1/2 Pathway Stimulation. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11111195. [PMID: 34833071 PMCID: PMC8625131 DOI: 10.3390/life11111195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that cell behaviors can be influenced by the direct current electric fields (EFs). Some behaviors may influence wound healing directly. This study aimed to investigate the effects of EF (200 mV/mm) on immortalized nontumorigenic human epidermal (HaCaT) cells. We established a setup that can transmit an EF and maintain a stable cell culture environment. An EF was applied to HaCaT cells, and scratch-assays were performed as a model of wound healing to observe cell migration. Proliferation was evaluated by mitochondrial activity, total protein, and DNA content. Secretion of healing-associated cytokines was evaluated via cytokine arrays, and Western blot was applied to investigate signaling pathway alterations. Compared with the control group, the migration of cells exposed to EFs significantly increased (p < 0.01). After 7 days, the changes in proliferation also increased significantly (p < 0.05). The cytokine arrays revealed that granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) was the most abundant factor secreted by HaCaT following EF exposure. The signals for phospho-Erk1/2 showed a significant (p < 0.0001) increase following EF exposure. The results demonstrate that exposure of HaCaT cells to EFs has positive effects on migration, proliferation, and cytokine secretion—three important steps in wound healing—and these effects may be partially mediated by activation of the Erk1/2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Lu
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.L.); (J.K.); (U.Č.); (A.D.)
| | - Jonas Kolbenschlag
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.L.); (J.K.); (U.Č.); (A.D.)
| | - Andreas K. Nüssler
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (A.K.N.); (S.E.)
| | - Sabrina Ehnert
- Siegfried Weller Research Institute, Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (A.K.N.); (S.E.)
| | - Colin D. McCaig
- Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK;
| | - Urška Čebron
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.L.); (J.K.); (U.Č.); (A.D.)
| | - Adrien Daigeler
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.L.); (J.K.); (U.Č.); (A.D.)
| | - Cosima Prahm
- Department of Hand-, Plastic, Reconstructive and Burn Surgery, BG Trauma Clinic Tuebingen, University of Tuebingen, Schnarrenbergstr. 95, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany; (C.L.); (J.K.); (U.Č.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence:
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Modulation of Macrophage Activity by Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields in the Context of Fracture Healing. Bioengineering (Basel) 2021; 8:bioengineering8110167. [PMID: 34821733 PMCID: PMC8615107 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering8110167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Delayed fracture healing and fracture non-unions impose an enormous burden on individuals and society. Successful healing requires tight communication between immune cells and bone cells. Macrophages can be found in all healing phases. Due to their high plasticity and long life span, they represent good target cells for modulation. In the past, extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnet fields (ELF-PEMFs) have been shown to exert cell-specific effects depending on the field conditions. Thus, the aim was to identify the specific ELF-PEMFs able to modulate macrophage activity to indirectly promote mesenchymal stem/stromal cell (SCP-1 cells) function. After a blinded screening of 22 different ELF-PEMF, two fields (termed A and B) were further characterized as they diversely affected macrophage function. These two fields have similar fundamental frequencies (51.8 Hz and 52.3 Hz) but are emitted in different groups of pulses or rather send-pause intervals. Macrophages exposed to field A showed a pro-inflammatory function, represented by increased levels of phospho-Stat1 and CD86, the accumulation of ROS, and increased secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In contrast, macrophages exposed to field B showed anti-inflammatory and pro-healing functions, represented by increased levels of Arginase I, increased secretion of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and growth factors are known to induce healing processes. The conditioned medium from macrophages exposed to both ELF-PEMFs favored the migration of SCP-1 cells, but the effect was stronger for field B. Furthermore, the conditioned medium from macrophages exposed to field B, but not to field A, stimulated the expression of extracellular matrix genes in SCP-1 cells, i.e., COL1A1, FN1, and BGN. In summary, our data show that specific ELF-PEMFs may affect immune cell function. Thus, knowing the specific ELF-PEMFs conditions and the underlying mechanisms bears great potential as an adjuvant treatment to modulate immune responses during pathologies, e.g., fracture healing.
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18
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Anti-Oxidative and Immune Regulatory Responses of THP-1 and PBMC to Pulsed EMF Are Field-Strength Dependent. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189519. [PMID: 34574442 PMCID: PMC8471206 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Innate immune cells react to electromagnetic fields (EMF) by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), crucial intracellular messengers. Discrepancies in applied parameters of EMF studies, e.g., flux densities, complicate direct comparison of downstream anti-oxidative responses and immune regulatory signaling. We therefore compared the impact of different EMF flux densities in human leukemic THP1 cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of healthy donors to additionally consider a potential disparate receptivity based on medical origin. ROS levels increased in THP1 cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after one hour of EMF exposure. Moreover, weak EMF mitigated the depletion of the reducing agent NAD(P)H in THP1. Neither of these effects occurred in PBMC. Landscaping transcriptional responses to varied EMF revealed elevation of the anti-oxidative enzymes PRDX6 (2-fold) and DHCR24 (6-fold) in THP1, implying involvement in lipid metabolism. Furthermore, our study confirmed anti-inflammatory effects of EMF by 6-fold increased expression of IL10. Strikingly, THP1 responded to weak EMF, while PBMC were primarily affected by strong EMF, yet with severe cellular stress and enhanced rates of apoptosis, indicated by HSP70 and caspase 3 (CASP3). Taken together, our results emphasize an altered susceptibility of immune cells of different origin and associate EMF-related effects with anti-inflammatory signaling and lipid metabolism.
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19
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Hu D, Zhang L, Jiang R, Liao C, Xu J, Jiang S, Yang Y, Lin L, Huang J, Shen Y, Tang L, Li L. Nicotinic Acid against Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity via Sirt1/Nrf2 Antioxidative Pathway in Mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo) 2021; 67:145-152. [PMID: 34193673 DOI: 10.3177/jnsv.67.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (N-acetyl-p-aminophenol, APAP) overdose causes hepatotoxicity, even liver failure, and oxidative stress plays pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Nicotinic acid (NA) is one form of vitamin B3, which has been used to treat a series of diseases in clinic for decades. To date, several studies have evidenced that NA has anti-oxidative property. Therefore, NA may have the hepatoprotective potential against APAP-induced toxicity. Here, our aim was to investigate the beneficial effect of NA against hepatotoxicity induced by APAP and its mechanism in vivo. BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally injected with NA (100 mg/kg) 3 times at 24, 12 and 1 h before APAP (600 mg/kg or 400 mg/kg) challenge. The results showed that pretreatment of NA markedly improved the survival rate, alleviated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and mitigated the histopathological injuries compared to APAP-exposed mice. Furthermore, NA significantly elevated the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) content, while reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Finally, the signaling pathway was probed. The western blot revealed that NA up-regulated Sirtuin1 (Sirt1), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogenase-1 (NQO-1) expression and down-regulated Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1) level in liver followed APAP exposure, implying Sirt1/Nrf2 axis exerted an essential role in the protective mechanism of NA on APAP toxicity. In brief, pretreatment of NA effectively protects liver against hepatotoxicity due to overdose of APAP through an antioxidant dependent manner modulated by Sirt1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Hu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Rong Jiang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Cuiting Liao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Juanjuan Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Shifang Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Ling Lin
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Jiayi Huang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Li Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
| | - Longjiang Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Chongqing Medical University
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Schuermann D, Mevissen M. Manmade Electromagnetic Fields and Oxidative Stress-Biological Effects and Consequences for Health. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073772. [PMID: 33917298 PMCID: PMC8038719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Concomitant with the ever-expanding use of electrical appliances and mobile communication systems, public and occupational exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) in the extremely-low-frequency and radiofrequency range has become a widely debated environmental risk factor for health. Radiofrequency (RF) EMF and extremely-low-frequency (ELF) MF have been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (Group 2B) by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), potentially leading to cellular or systemic oxidative stress, was frequently found to be influenced by EMF exposure in animals and cells. In this review, we summarize key experimental findings on oxidative stress related to EMF exposure from animal and cell studies of the last decade. The observations are discussed in the context of molecular mechanisms and functionalities relevant to health such as neurological function, genome stability, immune response, and reproduction. Most animal and many cell studies showed increased oxidative stress caused by RF-EMF and ELF-MF. In order to estimate the risk for human health by manmade exposure, experimental studies in humans and epidemiological studies need to be considered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schuermann
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Mattenstrasse 28, CH-4058 Basel, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Meike Mevissen
- Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Laenggassstrasse 124, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Correspondence: (D.S.); (M.M.)
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Dexmedetomidine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway. J Anesth 2021; 35:394-404. [PMID: 33821300 PMCID: PMC8021217 DOI: 10.1007/s00540-021-02909-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, but its effects on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung injury remain uncertain. The present study explored the effects of DEX on LPS-induced lung injury and studied the possible molecular mechanisms by testing the effects of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K) inhibitor LY294002 and BEZ235. Methods Seventy C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into the control, LPS, LPS + DEX, LPS + LY294002, LPS + BEZ235, LPS + DEX + LY294002, and LPS + DEX + BEZ235groups. Lung samples were collected 48 h after LPS treatment. Results DEX significantly inhibited LPS-induced increases in the lung weight/body weight ratio and lung wet/dry weight ratio, decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, and decreased the production of proinflammatory factors, such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)in the lungs. DEX also markedly attenuated the increases in malondialdehyde 5 (MDA 5) and inositol-dependent enzyme a (IRE-a), attenuated the decrease in superoxide dismutase 1(SOD-1), reversed the low expression of B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), and the high expressions of Bax and Caspase-3. DEX also decreased the expression of phosphorylated PI3K and phosphorylated Akt and increased the expression of phosphorylated forkhead box-O transcription factor 1 (FoxO1). More interestingly, LY294002 or BEZ235 pretreatment significantly abolished the inhibitory effects of DEX on LPS-induced lung inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis. Conclusions These data suggest that DEX ameliorates LPS-induced acute lung injury partly through the PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway.
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