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Xu T, Shen Y, Guo R, Luo C, Niu Y, Luo Z, Zhu Z, Wu Z, Zhao X, Luo H, Gao Y. Mutual regulation between histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exposed to hydroquinone. Toxicology 2024; 508:153932. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.tox.2024.153932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
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2
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Xu T, Shen Y, Guo R, Luo C, Niu Y, Luo Z, Zhu Z, Wu Z, Zhao X, Luo H, Gao Y. Mutual regulation between histone methyltransferase Suv39h1 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells exposed to hydroquinone. Toxicology 2024; 508:153932. [PMID: 39179171 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Hydroquinone (HQ), a metabolite of benzene, is frequently utilized as a surrogate for benzene in in vitro studies and is associated with the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In the hemotoxicity caused by benzene and HQ, cell apoptosis plays a key role. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying HQ are unknown. Studies have indicated that Suv39h1 is involved in regulating cell division and proliferation by regulating histone H3K9me3. Meanwhile, the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway also plays a significant role in cell proliferation and apoptosis. Therefore, this study was aimed at exploring the regulatory role of Suv39h1 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the effects of HQ on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), as well as its influence on cell proliferation and apoptosis. The results demonstrated that HQ elevated the levels of Suv39h1 and H3K9me3 and activated the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway by upregulating β-catenin, Wnt2b, C-myc, and Cyclin D1 and downregulating Wnt5a, resulting in an increase in cell growth and a decrease in apoptosis. Suv39h1 knockdown inhibited the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Meanwhile, inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway resulted in the down-regulation of Suv39h1 and H3K9me3 in BMSCs. They both promoted cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis in the effects of HQ on BMSCs by downregulating the expression of Cyt-C, Bax, Caspase 3, and Caspase 9 and upregulating the expression of Bcl-xl. Therefore, we concluded that Suv39h1 and the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway may mutually regulate each other in the effects of HQ on BMSCs in order to ameliorate the altered function of BMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xu
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yilin Shen
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Runmin Guo
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Chiheng Luo
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yibo Niu
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhilong Luo
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zhongxin Zhu
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Zehui Wu
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Xinyu Zhao
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hao Luo
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yuting Gao
- Shunde Women and Children's Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Guangdong, China.
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3
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Wang X, Li X, Wei L, Yu Y, Hazaisihan Y, Tao L, Jia W. Acetylation model predicts prognosis of patients and affects immune microenvironment infiltration in epithelial ovarian carcinoma. J Ovarian Res 2024; 17:150. [PMID: 39030559 PMCID: PMC11264718 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-024-01449-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelial ovarian carcinoma (EOC) is a prevalent gynaecological malignancy. The prognosis of patients with EOC is related to acetylation modifications and immune responses in the tumour microenvironment (TME). However, the relationships between acetylation-related genes, patient prognosis, and the tumour immune microenvironment (TIME) are not yet understood. Our research aims to investigate the link between acetylation and the tumour microenvironment, with the goal of identifying new biomarkers for estimating survival of patients with EOC. METHODS Using data downloaded from the tumour genome atlas (TCGA), genotypic tissue expression (GTEx), and gene expression master table (GEO), we comprehensively evaluated acetylation-related genes in 375 ovarian cancer specimens and identified molecular subtypes using unsupervised clustering. The prognosis, TIME, stem cell index and functional concentration analysis were compared among the three groups. A risk model based on differential expression of acetylation-related genes was established through minimum absolute contraction and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis, and the predictive validity of this feature was validated using GEO data sets. A nomogram is used to predict a patient's likelihood of survival. In addition, different EOC risk groups were evaluated for timing, tumour immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score, stemness index, somatic mutation, and drug sensitivity. RESULTS We used the mRNA levels of the differentially expressed genes related to acetylation to classify them into three distinct clusters. Patients with increased immune cell infiltration and lower stemness scores in cluster 2 (C2) exhibited poorer prognosis. Immunity and tumourigenesis-related pathways were highly abundant in cluster 3 (C3). We developed a prognostic model for ten differentially expressed acetylation-related genes. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated significantly worse overall survival (OS) in high-risk patients. Furthermore, the TIME, tumour immune dysfunction and exclusion (TIDE) score, stemness index, tumour mutation burden (TMB), immunotherapy response, and drug sensitivity all showed significant correlations with the risk scores. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated a complex regulatory mechanism of acetylation in EOC. The assessment of acetylation patterns could provide new therapeutic strategies for EOC immunotherapy to improve the prognosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Li Wei
- First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Yankun Yu
- First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Yeernaer Hazaisihan
- First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Lin Tao
- First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China
| | - Wei Jia
- First Affiliated Hospital, Department of Pathology and Key Laboratory for Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases, Shihezi University, Shihezi University School of Medicine, Shihezi, China.
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4
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Yan W, Rao D, Fan F, Liang H, Zhang Z, Dong H. Hepatitis B virus X protein and TGF-β: partners in the carcinogenic journey of hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1407434. [PMID: 38962270 PMCID: PMC11220127 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1407434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B infection is substantially associated with the development of liver cancer globally, with the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases exceeding 50%. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) encodes the Hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein, a pleiotropic regulatory protein necessary for the transcription of the HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) microchromosome. In previous studies, HBV-associated HCC was revealed to be affected by HBx in multiple signaling pathways, resulting in genetic mutations and epigenetic modifications in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. In addition, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has dichotomous potentials at various phases of malignancy as it is a crucial signaling pathway that regulates multiple cellular and physiological processes. In early HCC, TGF-β has a significant antitumor effect, whereas in advanced HCC, it promotes malignant progression. TGF-β interacts with the HBx protein in HCC, regulating the pathogenesis of HCC. This review summarizes the respective and combined functions of HBx and TGB-β in HCC occurrence and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dean Rao
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Feimu Fan
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Huifang Liang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education, National Health Commission (NHC), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Zunyi Zhang
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Hanhua Dong
- Hepatic Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Diseases, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province for the Clinical Medicine Research Center of Hepatic Surgery, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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5
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Billingsley MM, Gong N, Mukalel AJ, Thatte AS, El-Mayta R, Patel SK, Metzloff AE, Swingle KL, Han X, Xue L, Hamilton AG, Safford HC, Alameh MG, Papp TE, Parhiz H, Weissman D, Mitchell MJ. In Vivo mRNA CAR T Cell Engineering via Targeted Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles with Extrahepatic Tropism. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304378. [PMID: 38072809 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
With six therapies approved by the Food and Drug Association, chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells have reshaped cancer immunotherapy. However, these therapies rely on ex vivo viral transduction to induce permanent CAR expression in T cells, which contributes to high production costs and long-term side effects. Thus, this work aims to develop an in vivo CAR T cell engineering platform to streamline production while using mRNA to induce transient, tunable CAR expression. Specifically, an ionizable lipid nanoparticle (LNP) is utilized as these platforms have demonstrated clinical success in nucleic acid delivery. Though LNPs often accumulate in the liver, the LNP platform used here achieves extrahepatic transfection with enhanced delivery to the spleen, and it is further modified via antibody conjugation (Ab-LNPs) to target pan-T cell markers. The in vivo evaluation of these Ab-LNPs confirms that targeting is necessary for potent T cell transfection. When using these Ab-LNPs for the delivery of CAR mRNA, antibody and dose-dependent CAR expression and cytokine release are observed along with B cell depletion of up to 90%. In all, this work conjugates antibodies to LNPs with extrahepatic tropism, evaluates pan-T cell markers, and develops Ab-LNPs capable of generating functional CAR T cells in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ningqiang Gong
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alvin J Mukalel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ajay S Thatte
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rakan El-Mayta
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Savan K Patel
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ann E Metzloff
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kelsey L Swingle
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xuexiang Han
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Lulu Xue
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alex G Hamilton
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hannah C Safford
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Tyler E Papp
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Hamideh Parhiz
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Mitchell
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Cardiovascular Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Penn Institute for RNA Innovation, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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6
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Damiescu R, Efferth T, Dawood M. Dysregulation of different modes of programmed cell death by epigenetic modifications and their role in cancer. Cancer Lett 2024; 584:216623. [PMID: 38246223 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Modifications of epigenetic factors affect our lives and can give important information regarding one's state of health. In cancer, epigenetic modifications play a crucial role, as they influence various programmed cell death types. The purpose of this review is to investigate how epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNAs, influence various cell death processes in suppressing or promoting cancer development. Autophagy and apoptosis are the most investigated programmed cell death modes, as based on the tumor stage these cell death types can either promote or prevent cancer evolution. Therefore, our discussion focuses on how epigenetic modifications affect autophagy and apoptosis, as well as their diagnostic and therapeutical potential in combination with available chemotherapeutics. Additionally, we summarize the available data regarding the role of epigenetic modifications on other programmed cell death modes, such as ferroptosis, necroptosis, and parthanatos in cancer and discuss current advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Damiescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz, Germany
| | - T Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz, Germany
| | - M Dawood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University, Staudinger Weg 5, Mainz, Germany.
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7
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Adiga D, Eswaran S, Sriharikrishnaa S, Khan NG, Prasada Kabekkodu S, Kumar D. Epigenetics of Alzheimer’s Disease: Past, Present and Future. ENZYMATIC TARGETS FOR DRUG DISCOVERY AGAINST ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE 2023:27-72. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815136142123010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) exemplifies a looming epidemic lacking effective
treatment and manifests with the accumulation of neurofibrillary tangles, amyloid-β
plaques, neuroinflammation, behavioral changes, and acute cognitive impairments. It is
a complex, multifactorial disorder that arises from the intricate interaction between
environment and genetic factors, restrained via epigenetic machinery. Though the
research progress has improved the understanding of clinical manifestations and
disease advancement, the causal mechanism of detrimental consequences remains
undefined. Despite the substantial improvement in recent diagnostic modalities, it is
challenging to distinguish AD from other forms of dementia. Accurate diagnosis is a
major glitch in AD as it banks on the symptoms and clinical criteria. Several studies are
underway in exploring novel and reliable biomarkers for AD. In this direction,
epigenetic alterations have transpired as key modulators in AD pathogenesis with the
impeding inferences for the management of this neurological disorder. The present
chapter aims to discuss the significance of epigenetic modifications reported in the
pathophysiology of AD such as DNA methylation, hydroxy-methylation, methylation
of mtDNA, histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs. Additionally, the chapter also
describes the possible therapeutic avenues that target epigenetic modifications in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Adiga
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sangavi Eswaran
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Sriharikrishnaa
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nadeem G. Khan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Shama Prasada Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy
of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal – 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Dileep Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth
(Deemed to be University), Erandwane, Pune – 411038, Maharashtra, India
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8
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Wang J, Wang F, Wang N, Zhang MY, Wang HY, Huang GL. Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Protein Post-translational Modifications in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. J Clin Transl Hepatol 2023; 11:1192-1200. [PMID: 37577238 PMCID: PMC10412711 DOI: 10.14218/jcth.2022.00006s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor with high incidence and cancer mortality worldwide. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins have a great impact on protein function. Almost all proteins can undergo PTMs, including phosphorylation, acetylation, methylation, glycosylation, ubiquitination, and so on. Many studies have shown that PTMs are related to the occurrence and development of cancers. The findings provide novel therapeutic targets for cancers, such as glypican-3 and mucin-1. Other clinical implications are also found in the studies of PTMs. Diagnostic or prognostic value, and response to therapy have been identified. In HCC, it has been shown that glycosylated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) has a higher detection rate for early liver cancer than conventional AFP. In this review, we mainly focused on the diagnostic and prognostic value of PTM, in order to provide new insights into the clinical implication of PTM in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- China-America Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Epigenetics of Dongguan City, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Fangfang Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- China-America Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Epigenetics of Dongguan City, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- China-America Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Epigenetics of Dongguan City, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| | - Mei-Yin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Hui-Yun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guo-Liang Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
- China-America Cancer Research Institute, Key Laboratory for Epigenetics of Dongguan City, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, Guangdong, China
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9
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Szczepanek J, Tretyn A. MicroRNA-Mediated Regulation of Histone-Modifying Enzymes in Cancer: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Implications. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1590. [PMID: 38002272 PMCID: PMC10669115 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decade, significant advances in molecular research have provided a deeper understanding of the intricate regulatory mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. MicroRNAs, short non-coding RNA sequences, exert substantial influence on gene expression by repressing translation or inducing mRNA degradation. In the context of cancer, miRNA dysregulation is prevalent and closely associated with various stages of carcinogenesis, including initiation, progression, and metastasis. One crucial aspect of the cancer phenotype is the activity of histone-modifying enzymes that govern chromatin accessibility for transcription factors, thus impacting gene expression. Recent studies have revealed that miRNAs play a significant role in modulating these histone-modifying enzymes, leading to significant implications for genes related to proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in cancer cells. This article provides an overview of current research on the mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate the activity of histone-modifying enzymes in the context of cancer. Both direct and indirect mechanisms through which miRNAs influence enzyme expression are discussed. Additionally, potential therapeutic implications arising from miRNA manipulation to selectively impact histone-modifying enzyme activity are presented. The insights from this analysis hold significant therapeutic promise, suggesting the utility of miRNAs as tools for the precise regulation of chromatin-related processes and gene expression. A contemporary focus on molecular regulatory mechanisms opens therapeutic pathways that can effectively influence the control of tumor cell growth and dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczepanek
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Wilenska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Andrzej Tretyn
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University, ul. Lwowska 1, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
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10
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Rajan PK, Udoh UAS, Nakafuku Y, Pierre SV, Sanabria J. Normalization of the ATP1A1 Signalosome Rescinds Epigenetic Modifications and Induces Cell Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cells 2023; 12:2367. [PMID: 37830582 PMCID: PMC10572209 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. In metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH)-related HCC, cellular redox imbalance from metabolic disturbances leads to dysregulation of the α1-subunit of the Na/K-ATPase (ATP1A1) signalosome. We have recently reported that the normalization of this pathway exhibited tumor suppressor activity in MASH-HCC. We hypothesized that dysregulated signaling from the ATP1A1, mediated by cellular metabolic stress, promotes aberrant epigenetic modifications including abnormal post-translational histone modifications and dysfunctional autophagic activity, leading to HCC development and progression. Increased H3K9 acetylation (H3K9ac) and H3K9 tri-methylation (H3K9me3) were observed in human HCC cell lines, HCC-xenograft and MASH-HCC mouse models, and epigenetic changes were associated with decreased cell autophagy in HCC cell lines. Inhibition of the pro-autophagic transcription factor FoxO1 was associated with elevated protein carbonylation and decreased levels of reduced glutathione (GSH). In contrast, normalization of the ATP1A1 signaling significantly decreased H3K9ac and H3K9me3, in vitro and in vivo, with concomitant nuclear localization of FoxO1, heightening cell autophagy and cancer-cell apoptotic activities in treated HCC cell lines. Our results showed the critical role of the ATP1A1 signalosome in HCC development and progression through epigenetic modifications and impaired cell autophagy activity, highlighting the importance of the ATP1A1 pathway as a potential therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep Kumar Rajan
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Utibe-Abasi S. Udoh
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Yuto Nakafuku
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Sandrine V. Pierre
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
| | - Juan Sanabria
- Department of Surgery, Marshall Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, Marshall University School of Medicine, Huntington, WV 25701, USA; (P.K.R.); (U.-A.S.U.); (Y.N.); (S.V.P.)
- Department of Nutrition and Metabolomic Core Facility, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44100, USA
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11
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Amin SA, Khatun S, Gayen S, Das S, Jha T. Are inhibitors of histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) effective in hematological cancers especially acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)? Eur J Med Chem 2023; 258:115594. [PMID: 37429084 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) aberrantly deacetylates histone and non-histone proteins. These include structural maintenance of chromosome 3 (SMC3) cohesin protein, retinoic acid induced 1 (RAI1), p53, etc and thus, regulating diverse processes such as leukemic stem cell (LSC) transformation and maintenance. HDAC8, one of the crucial HDACs, affects the gene silencing process in solid and hematological cancer progressions especially on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). A specific HDAC8 inhibitor PCI-34051 showed promising results against both T-cell lymphoma and AML. Here, we summarize the role of HDAC8 in hematological malignancies, especially in AML and ALL. This article also introduces the structure/function of HDAC8 and a special attention has been paid to address the HDAC8 enzyme selectivity issue in hematological cancer especially against AML and ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sk Abdul Amin
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, JIS University, 81, Nilgunj Road, Agarpara, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
| | - Samima Khatun
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Shovanlal Gayen
- Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
| | - Sanjib Das
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Tarun Jha
- Natural Science Laboratory, Division of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 700032, India.
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12
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Roy A, Niharika, Chakraborty S, Mishra J, Singh SP, Patra SK. Mechanistic aspects of reversible methylation modifications of arginine and lysine of nuclear histones and their roles in human colon cancer. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 197:261-302. [PMID: 37019596 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Developmental proceedings and maintenance of cellular homeostasis are regulated by the precise orchestration of a series of epigenetic events that eventually control gene expression. DNA methylation and post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones are well-characterized epigenetic events responsible for fine-tuning gene expression. PTMs of histones bear molecular logic of gene expression at chromosomal territory and have become a fascinating field of epigenetics. Nowadays, reversible methylation on histone arginine and lysine is gaining increasing attention as a significant PTM related to reorganizing local nucleosomal structure, chromatin dynamics, and transcriptional regulation. It is now well-accepted and reported that histone marks play crucial roles in colon cancer initiation and progression by encouraging abnormal epigenomic reprogramming. It is becoming increasingly clear that multiple PTM marks at the N-terminal tails of the core histones cross-talk with one another to intricately regulate DNA-templated biological processes such as replication, transcription, recombination, and damage repair in several malignancies, including colon cancer. These functional cross-talks provide an additional layer of message, which spatiotemporally fine-tunes the overall gene expression regulation. Nowadays, it is evident that several PTMs instigate colon cancer development. How colon cancer-specific PTM patterns or codes are generated and how they affect downstream molecular events are uncovered to some extent. Future studies would address more about epigenetic communication, and the relationship between histone modification marks to define cellular functions in depth. This chapter will comprehensively highlight the importance of histone arginine and lysine-based methylation modifications and their functional cross-talk with other histone marks from the perspective of colon cancer development.
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13
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Curcumin: An epigenetic regulator and its application in cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 156:113956. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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14
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Hu XQ, Zhang XC, Li ST, Hua T. Construction and validation of a histone acetylation-related lncRNA prognosis signature for ovarian cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:934246. [PMID: 36313424 PMCID: PMC9596759 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.934246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) leads to the most deaths among gynecological malignancies. The various epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of histone acetylation in cancer have attracted increasing attention from scientists. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) also plays an important role in multiple biology processes linked to OC. This study aimed to identify the histone acetylation-related lncRNAs (HARlncRNAs) with respect to the prognosis in OC. We obtained the transcriptome data from Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) project and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA); HARlncRNAs were first identified by co-expression and differential expression analyses, and then univariate Cox regression and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) were used to construct the HARlncRNAs risk signature. Kaplan–Meier analysis, time-dependent receiver operating characteristics (ROC), univariate Cox regression, multivariate Cox regression, nomogram, and calibration were conducted to verify and evaluate the risk signature. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) in risk groups were conducted to explore the tightly correlated pathways with the risk group. A risk signature with 14 HARlncRNAs in OC was finally established and further validated in the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) cohort; the 1-, 3-, and 5-year ROC value, nomogram, and calibration results confirmed the good prediction power of this model. The patients were grouped into high- and low-risk subgroups according to the risk score by the median value. The low-risk group patients exhibited a higher homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) score, LOH_frac_altered, and mutLoad_nonsilent. Furthermore, consensus clustering analysis was employed to divide OC patients into three clusters based on the expression of the 14 HARlncRNAs, which presented different survival probabilities. Principal component analysis (PCA) and t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) were also performed to evaluate the three clusters. In conclusion, the risk signature composed of 14 HARlncRNAs might function as biomarkers and prognostic indicators with respect to predicting the response to the anti-cancer drugs in OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qian Hu
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Xingtai People Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, China
| | - Xiao-Chong Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Xingtai People Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, China
| | - Shao-Teng Li
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Xingtai People Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, China
| | - Tian Hua
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Xingtai People Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Xingtai, China
- *Correspondence: Tian Hua,
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15
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Das DN, Ravi N. Influences of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon on the epigenome toxicity and its applicability in human health risk assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 213:113677. [PMID: 35714684 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The existence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in ambient air is an escalating concern worldwide because of their ability to cause cancer and induce permanent changes in the genetic material. Growing evidence implies that during early life-sensitive stages, the risk of progression of acute and chronic diseases depends on epigenetic changes initiated by the influence of environmental cues. Several reports deciphered the relationship between exposure to environmental chemicals and epigenetics, and have known toxicants that alter the epigenetic states. Amongst PAHs, benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P) is accepted as a group 1 cancer-causing agent by the International Agency for the Research on Cancer (IARC). B[a]P is a well-studied pro-carcinogen that is metabolically activated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/cytochrome P450 pathway. Cytochrome P450 plays a pivotal role in the stimulation step, which is essential for DNA adduct formation. Accruing evidence suggests that epigenetic alterations assume a fundamental part in PAH-promoted carcinogenesis. This interaction between PAHs and epigenetic factors results in an altered profile of these marks, globally and locus-specific. Some of the epigenetic changes due to exposure to PAHs lead to increased disease susceptibility and progression. It is well understood that exposure to environmental carcinogens, such as PAH triggers disease pathways through changes in the genome. Several evidence reported due to the epigenome-wide association studies, that early life adverse environmental events may trigger widespread and persistent variations in transcriptional profiling. Moreover, these variations respond to DNA damage and/or a consequence of epigenetic modifications that need further investigation. Growing evidence has associated PAHs with epigenetic variations involving alterations in DNA methylation, histone modification, and micro RNA (miRNA) regulation. Epigenetic alterations to PAH exposure were related to chronic diseases, such as pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease, endocrine disruptor, nervous system disorder, and cancer. This hormetic response gives a novel perception concerning the toxicity of PAHs and the biological reaction that may be a distinct reliance on exposure. This review sheds light on understanding the latest evidence about how PAHs can alter epigenetic patterns and human health. In conclusion, as several epigenetic change mechanisms remain unclear yet, further analyses derived from PAHs exposure must be performed to find new targets and disease biomarkers. In spite of the current limitations, numerous evidence supports the perception that epigenetics grips substantial potential for advancing our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of environmental toxicants, also for predicting health-associated risks due to environmental circumstances exposure and individual susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durgesh Nandini Das
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Nathan Ravi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA; Institute for Public Health, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA; Veterans Affairs St. Louis Hospital, St. Louis, MO, 63106, USA.
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16
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Integrating epigenetics and metabolomics to advance treatments for pulmonary arterial hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 204:115245. [PMID: 36096239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a devastating vascular disease with multiple etiologies. Emerging evidence supports a fundamental role for epigenetic machinery and metabolism in the initiation and progression of PAH. Here, we summarize emerging epigenetic mechanisms that have been identified as contributors to PAH evolution, specifically, DNA methylation, histone modifications, and microRNAs. Furthermore, the interplay between epigenetics with metabolism is explored while new crosstalk targets to be investigated in PAH are proposed that highlight multi-omics strategies including integrated epigenomics and metabolomics. Therapeutic opportunities and challenges associated with epigenetics and metabolomics in PAH are examined, highlighting the role that epigenetics and metabolomics have in facilitating early detection, personalized dietary plans, and advanced drug therapy for PAH.
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17
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Peng F, Liao M, Qin R, Zhu S, Peng C, Fu L, Chen Y, Han B. Regulated cell death (RCD) in cancer: key pathways and targeted therapies. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2022; 7:286. [PMID: 35963853 PMCID: PMC9376115 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01110-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 105.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulated cell death (RCD), also well-known as programmed cell death (PCD), refers to the form of cell death that can be regulated by a variety of biomacromolecules, which is distinctive from accidental cell death (ACD). Accumulating evidence has revealed that RCD subroutines are the key features of tumorigenesis, which may ultimately lead to the establishment of different potential therapeutic strategies. Hitherto, targeting the subroutines of RCD with pharmacological small-molecule compounds has been emerging as a promising therapeutic avenue, which has rapidly progressed in many types of human cancers. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing not only the key apoptotic and autophagy-dependent cell death signaling pathways, but the crucial pathways of other RCD subroutines, including necroptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, parthanatos, entosis, NETosis and lysosome-dependent cell death (LCD) in cancer. Moreover, we further discuss the current situation of several small-molecule compounds targeting the different RCD subroutines to improve cancer treatment, such as single-target, dual or multiple-target small-molecule compounds, drug combinations, and some new emerging therapeutic strategies that would together shed new light on future directions to attack cancer cell vulnerabilities with small-molecule drugs targeting RCD for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Peng
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Minru Liao
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Rui Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shiou Zhu
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Leilei Fu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, 610031, China.
| | - Yi Chen
- West China School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Bo Han
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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18
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Pramanik SD, Kumar Halder A, Mukherjee U, Kumar D, Dey YN, R M. Potential of histone deacetylase inhibitors in the control and regulation of prostate, breast and ovarian cancer. Front Chem 2022; 10:948217. [PMID: 36034650 PMCID: PMC9411967 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.948217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that play a role in chromatin remodeling and epigenetics. They belong to a specific category of enzymes that eliminate the acetyl part of the histones’ -N-acetyl lysine, causing the histones to be wrapped compactly around DNA. Numerous biological processes rely on HDACs, including cell proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis, metastasis, gene regulation, and transcription. Epigenetic changes, specifically increased expression and activity of HDACs, are commonly detected in cancer. As a result, HDACi could be used to develop anticancer drugs. Although preclinical outcomes with HDACs as monotherapy have been promising clinical trials have had mixed results and limited success. In both preclinical and clinical trials, however, combination therapy with different anticancer medicines has proved to have synergistic effects. Furthermore, these combinations improved efficacy, decreased tumor resistance to therapy, and decreased toxicity. In the present review, the detailed modes of action, classification of HDACs, and their correlation with different cancers like prostate, breast, and ovarian cancer were discussed. Further, the different cell signaling pathways and the structure-activity relationship and pharmaco-toxicological properties of the HDACi, and their synergistic effects with other anticancer drugs observed in recent preclinical and clinical studies used in combination therapy were discussed for prostate, breast, and ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Das Pramanik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, IIT-BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Amit Kumar Halder
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Ushmita Mukherjee
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Narayan Institute of Pharmacy, Gopal Narayan Singh University, Sasaram, Bihar, India
| | - Yadu Nandan Dey
- Dr. B.C. Roy College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Sciences, Durgapur, West Bengal, India
- *Correspondence: Yadu Nandan Dey, ; Mogana R,
| | - Mogana R
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI Education SDN.BHD., Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- *Correspondence: Yadu Nandan Dey, ; Mogana R,
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19
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Comprehensive Analysis of Histone Modifications in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Reveals Different Subtypes and Key Prognostic Models. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:5961603. [PMID: 35957801 PMCID: PMC9359864 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5961603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Histone modification, an important epigenetic mechanism, is related to the carcinogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In three datasets, we screened 88 epigenetic-dysregulated PCGs (epi-PCGs) , which were significantly associated with HCC survival and could cluster HCC into three molecular subtypes. These subtypes were associated with prognosis, immunomodulatory alterations, and response to different treatment strategies. Based on 88 epi-PCGs in the TCGA training set, a risk prediction model composed of 4 epi-PCGs was established. The model was closely related to the clinicopathological features and showed a strong predictive ability in different clinical subgroups. In addition, the risk prediction model was an independent prognostic factor for patients with HCC. The significance of epi-PCGs in HCC is revealed by our data analysis.
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20
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Kitano A, Norikura T, Matsui-Yuasa I, Shimakawa H, Kamezawa M, Kojima-Yuasa A. Black carrot extract protects against hepatic injury through epigenetic modifications. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14292. [PMID: 35762419 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We studied the epigenetic regulation of how black carrot extract (BCE) protects against ethanol-induced hepatic damage. We have shown that the butanol-extracted fraction of BCE (BCE-BuOH) increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels by suppressing the expression of phosphodiesterase 4b (PDE4b); however, the detailed mechanism remains to be elucidated. We focused on changes in histone modifications involved in the suppression of pde4 expression. The methylation level of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9), which regulates gene expression of PDE4b, decreased after treatment with 100 mM ethanol but was significantly increased by treatment with 400 μg/ml BCE-BuOH. In contrast, ethanol induced an increase in H3K9 acetylation. However, treatment with BCE-BuOH inhibited the increase in acetylation through an increase in Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), a histone deacetylase. Furthermore, BCE-BuOH treatment increased the level of methionine adenosyltransferase (MAT) 2a mRNA and increased intracellular S-adenosylmethionine. The present results indicate that BCE-BuOH is useful for protection against alcohol-induced hepatic injury. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: We have reported that black carrot extract (BCE) suppressed liver steatosis and liver fibrosis on a rat alcoholic liver disease model. The results from this study have shown that BCE regulated the alcoholic-induced hepatic injury at the level of epigenetic modifications. These results suggested that BCE is useful for protection against alcoholic-induced hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuko Kitano
- Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshio Norikura
- Department of Nutrition, Aomori University of Health and Welfare, Aomori, Japan
| | - Isao Matsui-Yuasa
- Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | - Akiko Kojima-Yuasa
- Department of Food and Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Human Life Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
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21
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Yang L, Zou T, Chen Y, Zhao Y, Wu X, Li M, Du F, Chen Y, Xiao Z, Shen J. Hepatitis B virus X protein mediated epigenetic alterations in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int 2022; 16:741-754. [PMID: 35648301 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-022-10351-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide health problem. Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx), a pleiotropic regulatory protein encoded by HBV, is necessary for the transcription of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) minichromosomes, and affects the epigenetic regulation of host cells. The epigenetic reprogramming of HBx on host cell genome is strongly involved in HBV-related HCC carcinogenesis. Here, we review the latest findings of the epigenetic regulation induced by HBx protein in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), including DNA methylation, histone modification and non-coding RNA expression. The influence of HBx on the epigenetic regulation of cccDNA is also summarized. In addition, preliminary studies of targeted drugs for epigenetic changes induced by HBx are also discussed. The exploration of epigenetic markers as potential targets will help to develop new prevention and/or treatment methods for HBx-related HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiong Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Tao Zou
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China.
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- Cell Therapy and Cell Drugs of Luzhou Key Laboratory, Luzhou, 646000, China.
- South Sichuan Institute of Translational Medicine, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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22
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Sun D, Gan X, Liu L, Yang Y, Ding D, Li W, Jiang J, Ding W, Zhao L, Hou G, Yu J, Wang J, Yang F, Yuan S, Zhou W. DNA hypermethylation modification promotes the development of hepatocellular carcinoma by depressing the tumor suppressor gene ZNF334. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:446. [PMID: 35534462 PMCID: PMC9085879 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-04895-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of tumors. However, studies focused on the dynamic changes of DNA methylation in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are rare. To systematically illustrate the dynamic DNA methylation alternation from premalignant to early-stage liver cancer with the same genetic background, this study enrolled 5 HBV-related patients preceded with liver cirrhosis, pathologically identified as early-stage HCC with dysplastic nodules. Liver fibrosis tissues, dysplastic nodules and early HCC tissues from these patients were used to measure DNA methylation. Here, we report significant differences in the DNA methylation spectrum among the three types of tissues. In the early stage of HCC, DNA hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes is predominant. Additionally, DNA hypermethylation in the early stage of HCC changes the binding ability of transcription factor TP53 to the promoter of tumor suppressor gene ZNF334, and inhibits the expression of ZNF334 at the transcription level. Furthermore, through a series of in vivo and in vitro experiments, we have clarified the exacerbation effect of tumor suppressor gene ZNF334 deletion in the occurrence of HCC. Combined with clinical data, we found that the overall survival and relapse-free survival of patients with high ZNF334 expression are significantly longer. Thus, we partly elucidated a sequential alternation of DNA methylation modification during the occurrence of HCC, and clarified the biological function and regulatory mechanism of the tumor suppressor gene ZNF334, which is regulated by related DNA methylation sites. Our study provides a new target and clinical evidence for the early diagnosis and sheds light on the precise treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Sun
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Xiaojie Gan
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Lei Liu
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Yuan Yang
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Dongyang Ding
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Wen Li
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Junyao Jiang
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725Center for Health Research, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510530 China
| | - Wenbin Ding
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Linghao Zhao
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Guojun Hou
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Jian Yu
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Jie Wang
- grid.428926.30000 0004 1798 2725Center for Health Research, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 190 Kaiyuan Avenue, Guangzhou, 510530 China
| | - Fu Yang
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The department of Medical Genetics, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Shengxian Yuan
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
| | - Weiping Zhou
- grid.73113.370000 0004 0369 1660The Third Department of Hepatic Surgery, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, 225 Changhai Road Shanghai, Shanghai, 200438 China
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23
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Luan Y, Liu H, Luan Y, Yang Y, Yang J, Ren KD. New Insight in HDACs: Potential Therapeutic Targets for the Treatment of Atherosclerosis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:863677. [PMID: 35529430 PMCID: PMC9068932 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.863677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) features include progressive hardening and reduced elasticity of arteries. AS is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. An increasing amount of evidence showed that epigenetic modifications on genes serve are a main cause of several diseases, including AS. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) promote the deacetylation at lysine residues, thereby condensing the chromatin structures and further inhibiting the transcription of downstream genes. HDACs widely affect various physiological and pathological processes through transcriptional regulation or deacetylation of other non-histone proteins. In recent years, the role of HDACs in vascular systems has been revealed, and their effects on atherosclerosis have been widely reported. In this review, we discuss the members of HDACs in vascular systems, determine the diverse roles of HDACs in AS, and reveal the effects of HDAC inhibitors on AS progression. We provide new insights into the potential of HDAC inhibitors as drugs for AS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luan
- Research Center for Clinical System Biology, Translational Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ying Luan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Research Center for Clinical System Biology, Translational Medicine Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Yang, ; Jing Yang, ; Kai-Di Ren,
| | - Jing Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Yang, ; Jing Yang, ; Kai-Di Ren,
| | - Kai-Di Ren
- Henan Key Laboratory of Precision Clinical Pharmacy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yang Yang, ; Jing Yang, ; Kai-Di Ren,
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24
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Diagnostic Modalities of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: From Biochemical Biomarkers to Multi-Omics Non-Invasive Approaches. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12020407. [PMID: 35204498 PMCID: PMC8871470 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is currently the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide, and its prevalence is increasing globally. NAFLD is a multifaceted disorder, and its spectrum includes steatosis to steatohepatitis, which may evolve to advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis. In addition, the presence of NAFLD is independently associated with a higher cardiometabolic risk and increased mortality rates. Considering that the vast majority of individuals with NAFLD are mainly asymptomatic, early diagnosis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and accurate staging of fibrosis risk is crucial for better stratification, monitoring and targeted management of patients at risk. To date, liver biopsy remains the gold standard procedure for the diagnosis of NASH and staging of NAFLD. However, due to its invasive nature, research on non-invasive tests is rapidly increasing with significant advances having been achieved during the last decades in the diagnostic field. New promising non-invasive biomarkers and techniques have been developed, evaluated and assessed, including biochemical markers, imaging modalities and the most recent multi-omics approaches. Our article provides a comprehensive review of the currently available and emerging non-invasive diagnostic tools used in assessing NAFLD, also highlighting the importance of accurate and validated diagnostic tools.
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25
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Ray SK, Mukherjee S. Epigenetic Reprogramming and Landscape of Transcriptomic Interactions: Impending Therapeutic Interference of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in Molecular Medicine. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:835-850. [PMID: 34872474 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666211206092437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms governing the development and progression of cancers are believed to be the consequence of hereditary deformities and epigenetic modifications. Accordingly, epigenetics has become an incredible and progressively explored field of research to discover better prevention and therapy for neoplasia, especially triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). It represents 15-20% of all invasive breast cancers and will, in general, have bellicose histological highlights and poor clinical outcomes. In the early phases of triple-negative breast carcinogenesis, epigenetic deregulation modifies chromatin structure and influences the plasticity of cells. It up-keeps the oncogenic reprogramming of malignant progenitor cells with the acquisition of unrestrained selfrenewal capacities. Genomic impulsiveness in TNBC prompts mutations, copy number variations, as well as genetic rearrangements, while epigenetic remodeling includes an amendment by DNA methylation, histone modification, and noncoding RNAs of gene expression profiles. It is currently evident that epigenetic mechanisms assume a significant part in the pathogenesis, maintenance, and therapeutic resistance of TNBC. Although TNBC is a heterogeneous malaise that is perplexing to describe and treat, the ongoing explosion of genetic and epigenetic research will help to expand these endeavors. Latest developments in transcriptome analysis have reformed our understanding of human diseases, including TNBC at the molecular medicine level. It is appealing to envision transcriptomic biomarkers to comprehend tumor behavior more readily regarding its cellular microenvironment. Understanding these essential biomarkers and molecular changes will propel our capability to treat TNBC adequately. This review will depict the different aspects of epigenetics and the landscape of transcriptomics in triple-negative breast carcinogenesis and their impending application for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment decision with the view of molecular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sukhes Mukherjee
- Department of Biochemistry All India Institute of Medical Sciences. Bhopal, Madhya pradesh-462020. India
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26
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Cai Q, Gan C, Tang C, Wu H, Gao J. Mechanism and Therapeutic Opportunities of Histone Modifications in Chronic Liver Disease. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:784591. [PMID: 34887768 PMCID: PMC8650224 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.784591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic liver disease (CLD) represents a global health problem, accounting for the heavy burden of disability and increased health care utilization. Epigenome alterations play an important role in the occurrence and progression of CLD. Histone modifications, which include acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation, represent an essential part of epigenetic modifications that affect the transcriptional activity of genes. Different from genetic mutations, histone modifications are plastic and reversible. They can be modulated pharmacologically without changing the DNA sequence. Thus, there might be chances to establish interventional solutions by targeting histone modifications to reverse CLD. Here we summarized the roles of histone modifications in the context of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), viral hepatitis, autoimmune liver disease, drug-induced liver injury (DILI), and liver fibrosis or cirrhosis. The potential targets of histone modifications for translation into therapeutics were also investigated. In prospect, high efficacy and low toxicity drugs that are selectively targeting histone modifications are required to completely reverse CLD and prevent the development of liver cirrhosis and malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyu Cai
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Can Gan
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chengwei Tang
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinhang Gao
- Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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27
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Bilmez Y, Talibova G, Ozturk S. Dynamic changes of histone methylation in mammalian oocytes and early embryos. Histochem Cell Biol 2021; 157:7-25. [PMID: 34599660 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-021-02036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Histone methylation is a key epigenetic mechanism and plays a major role in regulating gene expression during oocyte maturation and early embryogenesis. This mechanism can be briefly defined as the process by which methyl groups are transferred to lysine and arginine residues of histone tails extending from nucleosomes. While methylation of the lysine residues is catalyzed by histone lysine methyltransferases (KMTs), protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) add methyl groups to the arginine residues. When necessary, the added methyl groups can be reversibly removed by histone demethylases (HDMs) by a process called histone demethylation. The spatiotemporal regulation of methylation and demethylation in histones contributes to modulating the expression of genes required for proper oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. In this review, we comprehensively evaluate and discuss the functional importance of dynamic histone methylation in mammalian oocytes and early embryos, regulated by KMTs, PRMTs, and HDMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesim Bilmez
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Campus, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Gunel Talibova
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Campus, 07070, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Saffet Ozturk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Akdeniz University School of Medicine, Campus, 07070, Antalya, Turkey.
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28
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Yang Y, Luan Y, Yuan RX, Luan Y. Histone Methylation Related Therapeutic Challenge in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:710053. [PMID: 34568453 PMCID: PMC8458636 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.710053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epidemic of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is predicted to spread rapidly in advanced countries accompanied by the high prevalence of risk factors. In terms of pathogenesis, the pathophysiology of CVDs is featured by multiple disorders, including vascular inflammation accompanied by simultaneously perturbed pathways, such as cell death and acute/chronic inflammatory reactions. Epigenetic alteration is involved in the regulation of genome stabilization and cellular homeostasis. The association between CVD progression and histone modifications is widely known. Among the histone modifications, histone methylation is a reversible process involved in the development and homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. Abnormal methylation can promote CVD progression. This review discusses histone methylation and the enzymes involved in the cardiovascular system and determine the effects of histone methyltransferases and demethylases on the pathogenesis of CVDs. We will further demonstrate key proteins mediated by histone methylation in blood vessels and review histone methylation-mediated cardiomyocytes and cellular functions and pathways in CVDs. Finally, we will summarize the role of inhibitors of histone methylation and demethylation in CVDs and analyze their therapeutic potential, based on previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Luan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui-Xia Yuan
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Luan
- Department of Translational Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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29
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Zhang C, Yang M. The Emerging Factors and Treatment Options for NAFLD-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153740. [PMID: 34359642 PMCID: PMC8345138 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and it is an increasing factor in the cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The incidence of NAFLD has increased in recent decades, accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of other metabolic diseases, such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. However, current treatment options are limited. Both genetic factors and non-genetic factors impact the initiation and progression of NAFLD-related HCC. The early diagnosis of liver cancer predicts curative treatment and longer survival. Some key molecules play pivotal roles in the initiation and progression of NAFLD-related HCC, which can be targeted to impede HCC development. In this review, we summarize some key factors and important molecules in NAFLD-related HCC development, the latest progress in HCC diagnosis and treatment options, and some current clinical trials for NAFLD treatment. Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary liver cancer, followed by cholangiocarcinoma (CCA). HCC is the third most common cause of cancer death worldwide, and its incidence is rising, associated with an increased prevalence of obesity and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, current treatment options are limited. Genetic factors and epigenetic factors, influenced by age and environment, significantly impact the initiation and progression of NAFLD-related HCC. In addition, both transcriptional factors and post-transcriptional modification are critically important for the development of HCC in the fatty liver under inflammatory and fibrotic conditions. The early diagnosis of liver cancer predicts curative treatment and longer survival. However, clinical HCC cases are commonly found in a very late stage due to the asymptomatic nature of the early stage of NAFLD-related HCC. The development of diagnostic methods and novel biomarkers, as well as the combined evaluation algorithm and artificial intelligence, support the early and precise diagnosis of NAFLD-related HCC, and timely monitoring during its progression. Treatment options for HCC and NAFLD-related HCC include immunotherapy, CAR T cell therapy, peptide treatment, bariatric surgery, anti-fibrotic treatment, and so on. Overall, the incidence of NAFLD-related HCC is increasing, and a better understanding of the underlying mechanism implicated in the progression of NAFLD-related HCC is essential for improving treatment and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunye Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA;
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Surgery, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
- Correspondence:
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30
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Yuan L, Sun B, Xu L, Chen L, Ou W. The Updating of Biological Functions of Methyltransferase SETDB1 and Its Relevance in Lung Cancer and Mesothelioma. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22147416. [PMID: 34299035 PMCID: PMC8306223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22147416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
SET domain bifurcated 1 (SETDB1) is a histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methyltransferase that exerts important effects on epigenetic gene regulation. SETDB1 complexes (SETDB1-KRAB-KAP1, SETDB1-DNMT3A, SETDB1-PML, SETDB1-ATF7IP-MBD1) play crucial roles in the processes of histone methylation, transcriptional suppression and chromatin remodelling. Therefore, aberrant trimethylation at H3K9 due to amplification, mutation or deletion of SETDB1 may lead to transcriptional repression of various tumour-suppressing genes and other related genes in cancer cells. Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide in which SETDB1 amplification and H3K9 hypermethylation have been indicated as potential tumourigenesis markers. In contrast, frequent inactivation mutations of SETDB1 have been revealed in mesothelioma, an asbestos-associated, locally aggressive, highly lethal, and notoriously chemotherapy-resistant cancer. Above all, the different statuses of SETDB1 indicate that it may have different biological functions and be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in lung cancer and mesothelioma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Wenbin Ou
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-571-86843303
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