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Mao D, Inoue H, Goda S. Role of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing protein 1 pathway in the development of periodontitis. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:105-111. [PMID: 38182046 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES During innate immune defense, host pattern recognition receptors, including toll-like receptors and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), can activate downstream pathways by recognizing pathogen-associated molecular patterns produced by microorganisms, triggering immune responses. NOD1, an important cell membrane protein in the NLR-like receptor protein family, exerts anti-infective effects through γ-D-glutamyl-meso-diaminopimelic acid (iE-DAP) recognition. Oral epithelial cells resist bacterial invasion through iE-DAP-induced interleukin (IL)-8 production, recruiting neutrophils to sites of inflammation in response to bacterial threats to periodontal tissues. To date, the regulatory mechanisms of iE-DAP in gingival epithelial cells (GECs) are poorly understood. This study was conducted to investigate the role of the NOD1 pathway in the development of periodontitis by examining the effect of iE-DAP on IL-8 production in Ca9-22 cells. METHODS IL-8 production by iE-DAP-stimulated-Ca9-22 cells was assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Phosphorylation levels of intracellular signaling molecules were evaluated using western blot analyses. RESULTS iE-DAP induced NOD1 receptor expression in Ca9-22 cells. Additionally, iE-DAP induced expression of pro-IL-1β protein without extracellular secretion. Our results suggest that iE-DAP regulates IL-8 production by activating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. iE-DAP also promoted nuclear factor kappa-B p65 phosphorylation, facilitating its nuclear translocation. Notably, p38 MAPK and ERK1/2 inhibitors suppressed iE-DAP-stimulated IL-8 production, suggesting that JNK is not involved in this mechanism. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that p38 MAPK and ERK1/2, but not JNK, are involved in innate immune responses in GECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Mao
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Seiji Goda
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan.
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Mao D, Inoue H, Notomi T, Goda S. P38α contributes to TNF-α-induced IL-8 production in human gingival cells. Biofactors 2023; 49:1223-1232. [PMID: 37448358 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a major inflammatory cytokine that induces interleukin (IL)-8 production. Although some studies have reported the involvement of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway in TNF-α-induced IL-8 production, its specific regulatory mechanisms in gingival epithelial cells (GECs) are still poorly understood. In the present study, Ca9-22 cells were used as representative GECs to investigate the effect of p38 signaling on TNF-α-induced IL-8 production. We found that TNF-α enhanced IL-8 production in Ca9-22 cells by activating the p38 signaling pathway, and one of its isoforms, p38α, played a key role. P38α deletion markedly inhibited TNF-α-induced IL-8 expression in Ca9-22 cells, while p38α gene rescue could reverse this effect. Further studies revealed that TNF-α-induced IL-8 production was markedly reduced when the threonine 180 and tyrosine 182 p38α phosphorylation sites were targeted for mutagenesis to alanine and phenylalanine, respectively, suggesting their critical role in the process. In conclusion, p38α plays an important role in TNF-α-induced IL-8 production, providing a potential therapeutic target to prevent and treat periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Mao
- Graduate School of Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Inoue
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takuya Notomi
- Institute of Dental Research, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | - Seiji Goda
- Department of Physiology, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan
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Huang Y, Liu L, Liu Q, Huo F, Hu X, Guo S, Tian W. Dental follicle cells derived small extracellular vesicles inhibit pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis. Oral Dis 2022. [PMID: 35509129 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE It aims to explore the effect of dental follicle cells derived small extracellular vesicles (D-sEV) with or without lipopolysaccharides (LPS) pretreating on the pathogenicity of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis). METHODS The antibacterial effects of D-sEV were evaluated by measuring the growth, biofilm formation, gingipains and type IX secretion system (T9SS) expression of P. gingivalis. And the influence of D-sEV on P. gingivalis adhesion, invasion, cytotoxicity, and host immune response was examined in gingival epithelial cells (GECs). Then P. gingivalis treated with D-sEV was applied to investigate the pathogenicity in experimental periodontitis of mice. RESULTS It showed that both D-sEV and P. gingivalis LPS pretreated D-sEV (L-D-sEV) could target P. gingivalis, inhibit their growth and biofilm formation, and hinder the attachment and invasion in GECs, therefore remarkably decreasing P. gingivalis cytotoxicity and the expression of IL-1β and IL-6 in GECs. In addition, they significantly reduced the expression of P. gingivalis virulence factors (gingipains and T9SS). In vivo, it showed that the bacteria in the gingiva were significantly decreased after sEV treatment. Meanwhile, less bone loss and fewer inflammatory cells infiltration and osteoclast formation in D-sEV and L-D-sEV groups. CONCLUSION Both D-sEV and L-D-sEV were proven to inhibit the pathogenicity of P.gingivalis and thus prevented the development of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Disease & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education, School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, West China, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
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