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Meng Q, Su CH. The Impact of Physical Exercise on Oxidative and Nitrosative Stress: Balancing the Benefits and Risks. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:573. [PMID: 38790678 PMCID: PMC11118032 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This review comprehensively evaluates the effects of physical exercise on oxidative and nitrosative stress, mainly focusing on the role of antioxidants. Using a narrative synthesis approach, data from empirical studies, reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published between 2004 and 2024 were collated from databases like PubMed, EBSCO (EDS), and Google Scholar, culminating in the inclusion of 41 studies. The quality of these studies was rigorously assessed to ensure the clarity of objectives, coherence in arguments, comprehensive literature coverage, and depth of critical analysis. Findings revealed that moderate exercise enhances antioxidant defenses through hormesis, while excessive exercise may exacerbate oxidative stress. The review also highlights that while natural dietary antioxidants are beneficial, high-dose supplements could impede the positive adaptations to exercise. In conclusion, the review calls for more focused research on tailored exercise and nutrition plans to further understand these complex interactions and optimize the health outcomes for athletes and the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Meng
- School of Physical Education, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China;
- Sport and Health Research Center, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Chun-Hsien Su
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111369, Taiwan
- College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 111369, Taiwan
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2
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Zhu J, Chen H, Wu J, Li S, Lin W, Wang N, Bai L. Ferroptosis in Glaucoma: A Promising Avenue for Therapy. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2024; 8:e2300530. [PMID: 38411382 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202300530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Glaucoma, a blind-leading disease largely since chronic pathological intraocular high pressure (ph-IOP). Hitherto, it is reckoned incurable for irreversible neural damage and challenges in managing IOP. Thus, it is significant to develop neuroprotective strategies. Ferroptosis, initially identified as an iron-dependent regulated death that triggers Fenton reactions and culminates in lipid peroxidation (LPO), has emerged as a focal point in multiple tumors and neurodegenerative diseases. Researches show that iron homeostasis play critical roles in the optic nerve (ON) and retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), suggesting targeted treatments could be effective. In glaucoma, apart from neural lesions, disrupted metal balance and increased oxidative stress in trabecular meshwork (TM) are observed. These disturbances lead to extracellular matrix excretion disorders, known as sclerotic mechanisms, resulting in refractory blockages. Importantly, oxidative stress, a significant downstream effect of ferroptosis, is also a key factor in cell senescence. It plays a crucial role in both the etiology and risk of glaucoma. Moreover, ferroptosis also induces non-infectious inflammation, which exacerbate glaucomatous injury. Therefore, the relevance of ferroptosis in glaucoma is extensive and multifaceted. In this review, the study delves into the current understanding of ferroptosis mechanisms in glaucoma, aiming to provide clues to inform clinical therapeutic practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1023-1063, Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Southwest Medical University, No.182, Chunhui Road, Longmatan District, Luzhou, Sichuan, 646000, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, East Chongwenmennei Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Sen Li
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing University, No. 321 Zhongshan Road, Gulou District, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210008, China
| | - Wanying Lin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1023-1063, Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Ningli Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8, East Chongwenmennei Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Lang Bai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, No.1023-1063, Shatai South Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
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3
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Predescu E, Vaidean T, Rapciuc AM, Sipos R. Metabolomic Markers in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among Children and Adolescents-A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4385. [PMID: 38673970 PMCID: PMC11050195 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), characterized by clinical diversity, poses diagnostic challenges often reliant on subjective assessments. Metabolomics presents an objective approach, seeking biomarkers for precise diagnosis and targeted interventions. This review synthesizes existing metabolomic insights into ADHD, aiming to reveal biological mechanisms and diagnostic potentials. A thorough PubMed and Web of Knowledge search identified studies exploring blood/urine metabolites in ADHD-diagnosed or psychometrically assessed children and adolescents. Synthesis revealed intricate links between ADHD and altered amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitter dysregulation (especially dopamine and serotonin), oxidative stress, and the kynurenine pathway impacting neurotransmitter homeostasis. Sleep disturbance markers, notably in melatonin metabolism, and stress-induced kynurenine pathway activation emerged. Distinct metabolic signatures, notably in the kynurenine pathway, show promise as potential diagnostic markers. Despite limitations like participant heterogeneity, this review underscores the significance of integrated therapeutic approaches targeting amino acid metabolism, neurotransmitters, and stress pathways. While guiding future research, this overview of the metabolomic findings in ADHD suggests directions for precision diagnostics and personalized ADHD interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Predescu
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Pediatric Psychiatry, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 57 Republicii Street, 400489 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Tudor Vaidean
- Clinic of Pediatric Psychiatry and Addiction, Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children, 57 Republicii Street, 400489 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Andreea-Marlena Rapciuc
- Clinical Department of Nephrology, County Emergency Clinical Hospital Cluj, 3-5 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Roxana Sipos
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Pediatric Psychiatry, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 57 Republicii Street, 400489 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Blottner D, Moriggi M, Trautmann G, Furlan S, Block K, Gutsmann M, Torretta E, Barbacini P, Capitanio D, Rittweger J, Limper U, Volpe P, Gelfi C, Salanova M. Nitrosative Stress in Astronaut Skeletal Muscle in Spaceflight. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:432. [PMID: 38671880 PMCID: PMC11047620 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13040432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Long-duration mission (LDM) astronauts from the International Space Station (ISS) (>180 ISS days) revealed a close-to-normal sarcolemmal nitric oxide synthase type-1 (NOS1) immunoexpression in myofibers together with biochemical and quantitative qPCR changes in deep calf soleus muscle. Nitro-DIGE analyses identified functional proteins (structural, metabolic, mitochondrial) that were over-nitrosylated post- vs. preflight. In a short-duration mission (SDM) astronaut (9 ISS days), s-nitrosylation of a nodal protein of the glycolytic flux, specific proteins in tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, respiratory chain, and over-nitrosylation of creatine kinase M-types as signs of impaired ATP production and muscle contraction proteins were seen. S-nitrosylation of serotransferrin (TF) or carbonic anhydrase 3 (CA3b and 3c) represented signs of acute response microgravity muscle maladaptation. LDM nitrosoprofiles reflected recovery of mitochondrial activity, contraction proteins, and iron transporter TF as signs of muscle adaptation to microgravity. Nitrosated antioxidant proteins, alcohol dehydrogenase 5/S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (ADH5/GSNOR), and selenoprotein thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) levels indicated signs of altered redox homeostasis and reduced protection from nitrosative stress in spaceflight. This work presents a novel spaceflight-generated dataset on s-nitrosylated muscle protein signatures from astronauts that helps both to better understand the structural and molecular networks associated to muscular nitrosative stress and to design countermeasures to dysfunction and impaired performance control in human spaceflight missions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Blottner
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany; (G.T.); (K.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.)
- NeuroMuscular System and Signaling Group, Center of Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Manuela Moriggi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (P.B.); (D.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Gabor Trautmann
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany; (G.T.); (K.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Sandra Furlan
- C.N.R. Neuroscience Institute, I-35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Katharina Block
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany; (G.T.); (K.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Martina Gutsmann
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany; (G.T.); (K.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.)
| | - Enrica Torretta
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Lipidomics, IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy;
| | - Pietro Barbacini
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (P.B.); (D.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Daniele Capitanio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (P.B.); (D.C.); (C.G.)
| | - Joern Rittweger
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 51147 Cologne, Germany; (J.R.); (U.L.)
| | - Ulrich Limper
- Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), 51147 Cologne, Germany; (J.R.); (U.L.)
- Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Merheim Medical Center, Witten/Herdecke University, 51109 Cologne, Germany
| | - Pompeo Volpe
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Università di Padova, I-35121 Padova, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy; (M.M.); (P.B.); (D.C.); (C.G.)
- Laboratory of Proteomics and Lipidomics, IRCCS Orthopedic Institute Galeazzi, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy;
| | - Michele Salanova
- Institute of Integrative Neuroanatomy, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 10115 Berlin, Germany; (G.T.); (K.B.); (M.G.); (M.S.)
- NeuroMuscular System and Signaling Group, Center of Space Medicine and Extreme Environments, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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Maan M, Goyal H, Joshi S, Barman P, Sharma S, Kumar R, Saini A. DP1, a multifaceted synthetic peptide: Mechanism of action, activity and clinical potential. Life Sci 2024; 340:122458. [PMID: 38266815 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Microbial infections remain a leading cause of mortality worldwide, with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) being a prominent etiological agent, responsible for causing persistent bacterial infections in humans. It is a nosocomial, opportunistic pathogen, capable to propagate within the bloodstream and withstand therapeutic interventions. In the current study, a novel, indigenously designed synthetic antimicrobial peptide (sAMP) has been evaluated for its antimicrobial potential to inhibit the growth and proliferation of S. aureus. MAIN METHODS The sAMP, designed peptide (DP1) was evaluated for its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against a panel of pathogenic bacterial strains. Membrane mechanistic studies were performed by measuring membrane conductivity via dielectric spectroscopy and visualizing changes in bacterial membrane structure through field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Further, DP1 was tested for its in vivo antimicrobial potential in an S. aureus-induced systemic infection model. KEY FINDINGS The results indicated that DP1 has the potential to inhibit the growth and proliferation of a broad spectrum of Gram-positive, Gram-negative and multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial strains. Strong bactericidal effect attributed to change in electrical conductivity of the bacterial cells leading to membrane disruption was observed through dielectric spectroscopy and FE-SEM micrographs. Further, in the in vivo murine systemic infection study, 50 % reduction in S. aureus bioburden was observed within 1 day of the administration of DP1. SIGNIFICANCE The results indicate that DP1 is a multifaceted peptide with potent bactericidal, antioxidant and therapeutic properties. It holds significance as a novel drug candidate to effectively combat S. aureus-mediated systemic infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayank Maan
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Hemant Goyal
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Shubhi Joshi
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Panchali Barman
- Institute of Forensic Science and Criminology (UIEAST), Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Sheetal Sharma
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Department of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India
| | - Avneet Saini
- Department of Biophysics, Panjab University, Chandigarh, U.T. 160014, India.
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6
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Yang M, Silverstein RL. Targeting Cysteine Oxidation in Thrombotic Disorders. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:83. [PMID: 38247507 PMCID: PMC10812781 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress increases the risk for clinically significant thrombotic events, yet the mechanisms by which oxidants become prothrombotic are unclear. In this review, we provide an overview of cysteine reactivity and oxidation. We then highlight recent findings on cysteine oxidation events in oxidative stress-related thrombosis. Special emphasis is on the signaling pathway induced by a platelet membrane protein, CD36, in dyslipidemia, and by protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), a member of the thiol oxidoreductase family of proteins. Antioxidative and chemical biology approaches to target cysteine are discussed. Lastly, the knowledge gaps in the field are highlighted as they relate to understanding how oxidative cysteine modification might be targeted to limit thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moua Yang
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 3 Blackfan Circle, CLS-924, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Roy L. Silverstein
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Hub 8745, 8701 W Watertown Plank Rd., Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
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7
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Räuber S, Förster M, Schüller J, Willison A, Golombeck KS, Schroeter CB, Oeztuerk M, Jansen R, Huntemann N, Nelke C, Korsen M, Fischer K, Kerkhoff R, Leven Y, Kirschner P, Kölsche T, Nikolov P, Mehsin M, Marae G, Kokott A, Pul D, Schulten J, Vogel N, Ingwersen J, Ruck T, Pawlitzki M, Meuth SG, Melzer N, Kremer D. The Use of Nitrosative Stress Molecules as Potential Diagnostic Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:787. [PMID: 38255863 PMCID: PMC10815836 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) of still unclear etiology. In recent years, the search for biomarkers facilitating its diagnosis, prognosis, therapy response, and other parameters has gained increasing attention. In this regard, in a previous meta-analysis comprising 22 studies, we found that MS is associated with higher nitrite/nitrate (NOx) levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) compared to patients with non-inflammatory other neurological diseases (NIOND). However, many of the included studies did not distinguish between the different clinical subtypes of MS, included pre-treated patients, and inclusion criteria varied. As a follow-up to our meta-analysis, we therefore aimed to analyze the serum and CSF NOx levels in clinically well-defined cohorts of treatment-naïve MS patients compared to patients with somatic symptom disorder. To this end, we analyzed the serum and CSF levels of NOx in 117 patients (71 relapsing-remitting (RR) MS, 16 primary progressive (PP) MS, and 30 somatic symptom disorder). We found that RRMS and PPMS patients had higher serum NOx levels compared to somatic symptom disorder patients. This difference remained significant in the subgroup of MRZ-negative RRMS patients. In conclusion, the measurement of NOx in the serum might indeed be a valuable tool in supporting MS diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Räuber
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Moritz Förster
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH, Academic Teaching Hospital of the RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 41063 Moenchengladbach, Germany
| | - Julia Schüller
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Alice Willison
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Kristin S. Golombeck
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Christina B. Schroeter
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Menekse Oeztuerk
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Robin Jansen
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Niklas Huntemann
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Christopher Nelke
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Melanie Korsen
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Katinka Fischer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Ruth Kerkhoff
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology, Kliniken Maria Hilf GmbH, Academic Teaching Hospital of the RWTH Aachen University Hospital, 41063 Moenchengladbach, Germany
| | - Yana Leven
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Patricia Kirschner
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Tristan Kölsche
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Petyo Nikolov
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Mohammed Mehsin
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Gelenar Marae
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Alma Kokott
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Duygu Pul
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Julius Schulten
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Niklas Vogel
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Jens Ingwersen
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Tobias Ruck
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Marc Pawlitzki
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Sven G. Meuth
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - Nico Melzer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
| | - David Kremer
- Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty and University Hospital Düsseldorf, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; (S.R.); (M.F.); (J.S.); (A.W.); (K.S.G.); (C.B.S.); (M.O.); (R.J.); (N.H.); (C.N.); (M.K.); (K.F.); (R.K.); (Y.L.); (P.K.); (T.K.); (P.N.); (G.M.); (A.K.); (D.P.); (J.S.); (N.V.); (J.I.); (T.R.); (M.P.); (S.G.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Hospital Zum Heiligen Geist, Academic Teaching Hospital of the Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 47906 Kempen, Germany
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8
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Ene CD, Tampa M, Georgescu SR, Matei C, Leulescu IMT, Dogaru CI, Penescu MN, Nicolae I. Disturbances in Nitric Oxide Cycle and Related Molecular Pathways in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5797. [PMID: 38136342 PMCID: PMC10741465 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15245797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
It is important to note that maintaining adequate levels of nitric oxide (NO), the turnover, and the oxidation level of nitrogen are essential for the optimal progression of cellular processes, and alterations in the NO cycle indicate a crucial step in the onset and progression of multiple diseases. Cellular accumulation of NO and reactive nitrogen species in many types of tumour cells is expressed by an increased susceptibility to oxidative stress in the tumour microenvironment. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is a progressive metabolic disease in which tumour cells can adapt to metabolic reprogramming to enhance NO production in the tumour space. Understanding the factors governing NO biosynthesis metabolites in ccRCC represents a relevant, valuable approach to studying NO-based anticancer therapy. Exploring the molecular processes mediated by NO, related disturbances in molecular pathways, and NO-mediated signalling pathways in ccRCC could have significant therapeutic implications in managing and treating this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Daniela Ene
- Department of Nephrology, Carol Davila Clinical Hospital of Nephrology, 010731 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.E.); (M.N.P.)
- Department of Nephrology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mircea Tampa
- Department of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Dermatology, “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.T.L.); (C.I.D.); (I.N.)
| | - Simona Roxana Georgescu
- Department of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
- Department of Dermatology, “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.T.L.); (C.I.D.); (I.N.)
| | - Clara Matei
- Department of Dermatology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Iulia Maria Teodora Leulescu
- Department of Dermatology, “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.T.L.); (C.I.D.); (I.N.)
| | - Claudia Ioana Dogaru
- Department of Dermatology, “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.T.L.); (C.I.D.); (I.N.)
| | - Mircea Nicolae Penescu
- Department of Nephrology, Carol Davila Clinical Hospital of Nephrology, 010731 Bucharest, Romania; (C.D.E.); (M.N.P.)
- Department of Nephrology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ilinca Nicolae
- Department of Dermatology, “Victor Babes” Clinical Hospital for Infectious Diseases, 030303 Bucharest, Romania; (I.M.T.L.); (C.I.D.); (I.N.)
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9
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Dent MR, DeMartino AW. Nitric oxide and thiols: Chemical biology, signalling paradigms and vascular therapeutic potential. Br J Pharmacol 2023:10.1111/bph.16274. [PMID: 37908126 PMCID: PMC11058123 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (• NO) interactions with biological thiols play crucial, but incompletely determined, roles in vascular signalling and other biological processes. Here, we highlight two recently proposed signalling paradigms: (1) the formation of a vasodilating labile nitrosyl ferrous haem (NO-ferrohaem) facilitated by thiols via thiyl radical generation and (2) polysulfides/persulfides and their interaction with • NO. We also describe the specific (bio)chemical routes in which • NO and thiols react to form S-nitrosothiols, a broad class of small molecules, and protein post-translational modifications that can influence protein function through catalytic site or allosteric structural changes. S-Nitrosothiol formation depends upon cellular conditions, but critically, an appropriate oxidant for either the thiol (yielding a thiyl radical) or • NO (yielding a nitrosonium [NO+ ]-donating species) is required. We examine the roles of these collective • NO/thiol species in vascular signalling and their cardiovascular therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R. Dent
- Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Anthony W. DeMartino
- Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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10
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Uryash A, Umlas J, Mijares A, Adams JA, Lopez JR. Enhancing Muscle Intracellular Ca 2+ Homeostasis and Glucose Uptake: Passive Pulsatile Shear Stress Treatment in Type 2 Diabetes. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2596. [PMID: 37892970 PMCID: PMC10604129 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11102596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a significant global public health problem that has seen a substantial increase in the number of affected individuals in recent decades. In a murine model of T2D (db/db), we found several abnormalities, including aberrant intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i), decreased glucose transport, increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), elevated levels of pro-inflammatory interleukins and creatine phosphokinase (CK), and muscle weakness. Previously, we demonstrated that passive pulsatile shear stress, generated by sinusoidal (headward-forward) motion, using a motion platform that provides periodic acceleration of the whole body in the Z plane (pGz), induces the synthesis of nitric oxide (NO) mediated by constitutive nitric oxide synthase (eNOS and nNOS). We investigated the effect of pGz on db/db a rodent model of T2D. The treatment of db/db mice with pGz resulted in several beneficial effects. It reduced [Ca2+]i overload; enhanced muscle glucose transport; and decreased ROS levels, interleukins, and CK. Furthermore, pGz treatment increased the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS), phosphorylated eNOS (p-eNOS), and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS); reduced inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS); and improved muscle strength. The cytoprotective effects of pGz appear to be mediated by NO, since pretreatment with L-NAME, a nonspecific NOS inhibitor, abolished the effects of pGz on [Ca2+]i and ROS production. Our findings suggest that a non-pharmacological strategy such as pGz has therapeutic potential as an adjunct treatment to T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkady Uryash
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL 33140, USA; (A.U.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Jordan Umlas
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL 33140, USA; (A.U.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Alfredo Mijares
- Centro de Biofísica y Bioquímica, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas, Caracas 21827, Venezuela;
| | - Jose A. Adams
- Division of Neonatology, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami, FL 33140, USA; (A.U.); (J.A.A.)
| | - Jose R. Lopez
- Department of Research, Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, FL 33140, USA
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11
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Zhao Y, Liu Y, Wu J, Kong D, Zhao S, Li G, Li W. Swamp eel aldehyde reductase is involved in response to nitrosative stress via regulating NO/GSH levels. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2023; 103:529-543. [PMID: 37266950 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Aldehyde reductase (ALR) plays key roles in the detoxification of toxic aldehyde. In this study, the authors cloned the swamp eel ALR gene using rapid amplification of cDNA ends-PCR (RACE-PCR). The recombinant protein (rALR) was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using a Ni2+ -NTA chelating column. The rALR protein exhibited efficient reductive activity towards several aldehydes, ketones and S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO). A spot assay suggested that the recombinant E. coli strain expressing rALR showed better resistance to formaldehyde, sodium nitrite and GSNO stress, suggesting that swamp eel ALR is crucial for redox homeostasis in vivo. Consequently, the authors investigated the effect of rALR on the oxidative parameters of the liver in swamp eels challenged with Aeromonas hydrophila. The hepatic glutathione (GSH) content significantly increased, and the hepatic NO content and levels of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species significantly decreased when rALR was administered. In addition, the mRNA expression of hepatic Alr, HO1 and Nrf2 was significantly upregulated, whereas the expression levels of NF-κB, IL-1β and NOS1 were significantly downregulated in the rALR-administered group. Collectively, these results suggest that ALR is involved in the response to nitrosative stress by regulating GSH/NO levels in the swamp eel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhe Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Jianfen Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Dan Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Sifan Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Guopan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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12
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López-Soldado I, Torres AG, Ventura R, Martínez-Ruiz I, Díaz-Ramos A, Planet E, Cooper D, Pazderska A, Wanic K, O'Hanlon D, O'Gorman DJ, Carbonell T, de Pouplana LR, Nolan JJ, Zorzano A, Hernández-Alvarez MI. Decreased expression of mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases causes downregulation of OXPHOS subunits in type 2 diabetic muscle. Redox Biol 2023; 61:102630. [PMID: 36796135 PMCID: PMC9958393 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) affects millions of people worldwide and is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality. The skeletal muscle (SKM) is one of the most important tissues involved in maintaining glucose homeostasis and substrate oxidation, and it undergoes insulin resistance in T2D. In this study, we identify the existence of alterations in the expression of mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (mt-aaRSs) in skeletal muscle from two different forms of T2D: early-onset type 2 diabetes (YT2) (onset of the disease before 30 years of age) and the classical form of the disease (OT2). GSEA analysis from microarray studies revealed the repression of mitochondrial mt-aaRSs independently of age, which was validated by real-time PCR assays. In agreement with this, a reduced expression of several encoding mt-aaRSs was also detected in skeletal muscle from diabetic (db/db) mice but not in obese ob/ob mice. In addition, the expression of the mt-aaRSs proteins most relevant in the synthesis of mitochondrial proteins, threonyl-tRNA, and leucyl-tRNA synthetases (TARS2 and LARS2) were also repressed in muscle from db/db mice. It is likely that these alterations participate in the reduced expression of proteins synthesized in the mitochondria detected in db/db mice. We also document an increased iNOS abundance in mitochondrial-enriched muscle fractions from diabetic mice that may inhibit aminoacylation of TARS2 and LARS2 by nitrosative stress. Our results indicate a reduced expression of mt-aaRSs in skeletal muscle from T2D patients, which may participate in the reduced expression of proteins synthesized in mitochondria. An enhanced mitochondrial iNOS could play a regulatory role in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iliana López-Soldado
- Department de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, 08028, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona IBUB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adrian Gabriel Torres
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Ventura
- Department de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, 08028, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona IBUB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inma Martínez-Ruiz
- Department de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, 08028, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona IBUB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Angels Díaz-Ramos
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - Evarist Planet
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diane Cooper
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, 3U Diabetes Partnership & School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Agnieszka Pazderska
- Metabolic Research Unit, St James's Hospital, and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Krzysztof Wanic
- Metabolic Research Unit, St James's Hospital, and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Declan O'Hanlon
- Metabolic Research Unit, St James's Hospital, and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Donal J O'Gorman
- National Institute for Cellular Biotechnology, 3U Diabetes Partnership & School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Teresa Carbonell
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biologia, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lluís Ribas de Pouplana
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John J Nolan
- Metabolic Research Unit, St James's Hospital, and Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Antonio Zorzano
- Department de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, 08028, Spain; Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
| | - María Isabel Hernández-Alvarez
- Department de Bioquímica i Biomedicina Molecular, Facultat de Biología, 08028, Spain; Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona IBUB, Barcelona, Spain; CIBER de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain.
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13
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Yong YN, Dong J, Pakkiri LS, Henry CJ, Haldar S, Drum CL. Chronometabolism: The Timing of the Consumption of Meals Has a Greater Influence Than Glycemic Index (GI) on the Postprandial Metabolome. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040490. [PMID: 37110149 PMCID: PMC10143625 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Eating late in the day is associated with circadian desynchrony, resulting in dysregulated metabolism and increased cardiometabolic disease risk. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Using targeted metabolomics of postprandial plasma samples from a secondary analysis of a randomised 2 × 2 crossover study in 36 healthy older Chinese adults, we have compared postprandial metabolic responses between high (HI) glycemic index (GI) or low-GI (LO) meals, consumed either at breakfast (BR) or at dinner (DI). 29 out of 234 plasma metabolites exhibited significant differences (p < 0.05) in postprandial AUC between BR and DI sessions, whereas only five metabolites were significantly different between HI and LO sessions. There were no significant interactions between intake timing and meal GI. Lower glutamine: glutamate ratio, lower lysine and higher trimethyllysine (TML) levels were found during DI compared with BR, along with greater postprandial reductions (δAUC) in creatine and ornithine levels during DI, indicating a worse metabolic state during the evening DI period. Greater reductions (δAUC) in postprandial creatine and ornithine were also observed during HI compared with LO (both p < 0.05). These metabolomic changes may indicate potential molecular signatures and/or pathways linking metabolic responses with cardiometabolic disease risk between different meal intake timings and/or meals with variable GI.
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14
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Fujii J, Osaki T. Involvement of Nitric Oxide in Protecting against Radical Species and Autoregulation of M1-Polarized Macrophages through Metabolic Remodeling. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 28:molecules28020814. [PMID: 36677873 PMCID: PMC9861185 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
When the expression of NOS2 in M1-polarized macrophages is induced, huge amounts of nitric oxide (•NO) are produced from arginine and molecular oxygen as the substrates. While anti-microbial action is the primary function of M1 macrophages, excessive activation may result in inflammation being aggravated. The reaction of •NO with superoxide produces peroxynitrite, which is highly toxic to cells. Alternatively, however, this reaction eliminates radial electrons and may occasionally alleviate subsequent radical-mediated damage. Reactions of •NO with lipid radicals terminates the radical chain reaction in lipid peroxidation, which leads to the suppression of ferroptosis. •NO is involved in the metabolic remodeling of M1 macrophages. Enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, notably aconitase 2, as well as respiratory chain enzymes, are preferential targets of •NO derivatives. Ornithine, an alternate compound produced from arginine instead of citrulline and •NO, is recruited to synthesize polyamines. Itaconate, which is produced from the remodeled TCA cycle, and polyamines function as defense systems against overresponses of M1 macrophages in a feedback manner. Herein, we overview the protective aspects of •NO against radical species and the autoregulatory systems that are enabled by metabolic remodeling in M9-polarized macrophages.
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Kopp W. Pathogenesis of (smoking-related) non-communicable diseases-Evidence for a common underlying pathophysiological pattern. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1037750. [PMID: 36589440 PMCID: PMC9798240 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1037750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases, like diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, stroke, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, osteoporosis, arthritis, Alzheimer's disease and other more are a leading cause of death in almost all countries. Lifestyle factors, especially poor diet and tobacco consumption, are considered to be the most important influencing factors in the development of these diseases. The Western diet has been shown to cause a significant distortion of normal physiology, characterized by dysregulation of the sympathetic nervous system, renin-angiotensin aldosterone system, and immune system, as well as disruption of physiological insulin and oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis, all of which play critical roles in the development of these diseases. This paper addresses the question of whether the development of smoking-related non-communicable diseases follows the same pathophysiological pattern. The evidence presented shows that exposure to cigarette smoke and/or nicotine causes the same complex dysregulation of physiology as described above, it further shows that the factors involved are strongly interrelated, and that all of these factors play a key role in the development of a broad spectrum of smoking-related diseases. Since not all smokers develop one or more of these diseases, it is proposed that this disruption of normal physiological balance represents a kind of pathogenetic "basic toolkit" for the potential development of a range of non-communicable diseases, and that the decision of whether and what disease will develop in an individual is determined by other, individual factors ("determinants"), such as the genome, epigenome, exposome, microbiome, and others. The common pathophysiological pattern underlying these diseases may provide an explanation for the often poorly understood links between non-communicable diseases and disease comorbidities. The proposed pathophysiological process offers new insights into the development of non-communicable diseases and may influence the direction of future research in both prevention and therapy.
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Chakraborty S, Sircar E, Bhattacharyya C, Choudhuri A, Mishra A, Dutta S, Bhatta S, Sachin K, Sengupta R. S-Denitrosylation: A Crosstalk between Glutathione and Redoxin Systems. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1921. [PMID: 36290644 PMCID: PMC9598160 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11101921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
S-nitrosylation of proteins occurs as a consequence of the derivatization of cysteine thiols with nitric oxide (NO) and is often associated with diseases and protein malfunction. Aberrant S-nitrosylation, in addition to other genetic and epigenetic factors, has gained rapid importance as a prime cause of various metabolic, respiratory, and cardiac disorders, with a major emphasis on cancer and neurodegeneration. The S-nitrosoproteome, a term used to collectively refer to the diverse and dynamic repertoire of S-nitrosylated proteins, is relatively less explored in the field of redox biochemistry, in contrast to other covalently modified versions of the same set of proteins. Advancing research is gradually unveiling the enormous clinical importance of S-nitrosylation in the etiology of diseases and is opening up new avenues of prompt diagnosis that harness this phenomenon. Ever since the discovery of the two robust and highly conserved S-nitrosoglutathione reductase and thioredoxin systems as candidate denitrosylases, years of rampant speculation centered around the identification of specific substrates and other candidate denitrosylases, subcellular localization of both substrates and denitrosylases, the position of susceptible thiols, mechanisms of S-denitrosylation under basal and stimulus-dependent conditions, impact on protein conformation and function, and extrapolating these findings towards the understanding of diseases, aging and the development of novel therapeutic strategies. However, newer insights in the ever-expanding field of redox biology reveal distinct gaps in exploring the crucial crosstalk between the redoxins/major denitrosylase systems. Clarifying the importance of the functional overlap of the glutaredoxin, glutathione, and thioredoxin systems and examining their complementary functions as denitrosylases and antioxidant enzymatic defense systems are essential prerequisites for devising a rationale that could aid in predicting the extent of cell survival under high oxidative/nitrosative stress while taking into account the existence of the alternative and compensatory regulatory mechanisms. This review thus attempts to highlight major gaps in our understanding of the robust cellular redox regulation system, which is upheld by the concerted efforts of various denitrosylases and antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surupa Chakraborty
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Esha Sircar
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Camelia Bhattacharyya
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Ankita Choudhuri
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Akansha Mishra
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Sreejita Dutta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Sneha Bhatta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata 700135, West Bengal, India
| | - Kumar Sachin
- Department of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Jolly Grant, Dehradun 248016, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Rajib Sengupta
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology Kolkata, Amity University Kolkata, Action Area II, Rajarhat, Newtown, Kolkata 700135, West Bengal, India
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Nitrative inactivation of thioredoxin-1 loses its protective effect in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 112:109208. [PMID: 36087509 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis is common in the development of inflammatory lung diseases with no effective clinical drug treatment currently. As an essential redox enzyme, thioredoxin (Trx) has been reported to be involved in pulmonary fibrosis, but the mechanism is to be revealed. Therefore, in bleomycin-indued pulmonary fibrosis model in C57 mice, Trx activity and nitrated Trx were examined.,p38-MAPK apoptosis pathway was determined in lung tissues. Additionally, before BLM administration, C57/BL6 mice were treated with aminoguanidine (AG, a peroxynitrite scavenger), recombinant human Trx-1 (rhTrx-1), or SIN-1 (a peroxynitrite donor) nitrated Trx-1 (N-Trx-1). In bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis model in C57/BL6 mice, we observed that nitrated Trx increased, while its activity decreased, with the increase of alveolar epithelial cells (AECs)apoptosis by p38-MAPK pathway. We demonstrated that AG or rhTrx-1, but not N-Trx-1 significantly reduced pulmonary fibrosis. Taken together, the results above revealed that blockade of Trx-1 nitration, or supplementation of exogenous rhTrx-1, might represent novel therapies to attenuate pulmonary fibrosis in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients.
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Altered Blood Brain Barrier Permeability and Oxidative Stress in Cntnap2 Knockout Rat Model. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11102725. [PMID: 35628852 PMCID: PMC9146766 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11102725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by three core symptoms, specifically impaired social behavior, stereotypic/repetitive behaviors, and sensory/communication deficits. Although the exact pathophysiology of ASD is still unknown, host genetics, oxidative stress, and compromised blood brain barrier (BBB) have been implicated in predisposition to ASD. With regards to genetics, mutations in the genes such as CNTNAP2 have been associated with increased susceptibility of developing ASD. Although some studies observed conflicting results suggesting no association of CNTNAP2 with ASD, other investigations correlated this gene with autism. In addition, CNTNAP2 mediated signaling is generally considered to play a role in neurological disorders due to its critical role in neurodevelopment, neurotransmission, and synaptic plasticity. In this investigation, we studied BBB integrity and oxidative stress in Cntnap2−/− rats. We observed that the BBB permeability was significantly increased in Cntnap2−/− rats compared to littermate wild-type (WT) animals as determined by FITC-dextran and Evans blue assay. High levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lower amounts of reduced glutathione were observed in brain homogenates of Cntnap2−/− rats, suggesting oxidative stress. Brain sections from Cntnap2−/− rats showed intense inducible nitric oxide synthase immunostaining, which was undetectable in WT animals. Quantification of nitric oxide in brain homogenates revealed significantly high levels in Cntnap2−/− rats compared to the control group. As increased permeability of the BBB and oxidative stress have been observed in ASD individuals, our results suggest that Cntnap2−/− rats have a high construct and face validity and can be explored to develop effective therapeutic modalities.
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Ren G, Hwang PTJ, Millican R, Shin J, Brott BC, van Groen T, Powell CM, Bhatnagar S, Young ME, Jun HW, Kim JA. Subcutaneous Administration of a Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanomatrix Gel Ameliorates Obesity and Insulin Resistance in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:19104-19115. [PMID: 35467831 PMCID: PMC9233978 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c24113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous signaling molecule, which plays crucial roles in various biological processes, including inflammatory responses, metabolism, cardiovascular functions, and cognitive function. NO bioavailability is reduced with aging and cardiometabolic disorders in humans and rodents. NO stimulates the metabolic rate by increasing the mitochondrial biogenesis and brown fat activation. Therefore, we propose a novel technology of providing exogenous NO to improve the metabolic rate and cognitive function by promoting the development of brown adipose tissue. In the present study, we demonstrate the effects of the peptide amphiphiles-NO-releasing nanomatrix gel (PANO gel) on high-fat diet-induced obesity, insulin resistance, and cognitive functions. Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were subcutaneously injected in the brown fat area with the PANO gel or vehicle (PA gel) every 2 weeks for 12 weeks. The PANO gel-injected mice gained less body weight, improved glucose tolerance, and decreased fasting serum insulin and leptin levels compared with the PA gel-injected mice. Insulin signaling in the muscle, liver, and epididymal white adipose tissue was improved by the PANO gel injection. The PANO gel reduced inflammation, increased lipolysis in the epididymal white adipose tissue, and decreased serum lipids and liver triglycerides. Interestingly, the PANO gel stimulated uncoupled protein 1 gene expression in the brown and beige fat tissues. Furthermore, the PANO gel increased the cerebral blood flow and improved learning and memory abilities. Our results suggest that using the PANO gel to supply exogenous NO is a novel technology to treat metabolic disorders and cognitive dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Ren
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | | | | | - Juhee Shin
- Department of Biomedical engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Brigitta C. Brott
- Endomimetics, LLC, Birmingham, AL 35242
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Thomas van Groen
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Craig M. Powell
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Sushant Bhatnagar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
- UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Martin E. Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
- UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Ho-Wook Jun
- Endomimetics, LLC, Birmingham, AL 35242
- Department of Biomedical engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
| | - Jeong-a Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
- UAB Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294
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Mass spectrometry analysis of S-nitrosylation of proteins and its role in cancer, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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21
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The Role of Oxidative Stress in the Aging Heart. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020336. [PMID: 35204217 PMCID: PMC8868312 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical advances and the availability of diagnostic tools have considerably increased life expectancy and, consequently, the elderly segment of the world population. As age is a major risk factor in cardiovascular disease (CVD), it is critical to understand the changes in cardiac structure and function during the aging process. The phenotypes and molecular mechanisms of cardiac aging include several factors. An increase in oxidative stress is a major player in cardiac aging. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production is an important mechanism for maintaining physiological processes; its generation is regulated by a system of antioxidant enzymes. Oxidative stress occurs from an imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defenses resulting in the accumulation of free radicals. In the heart, ROS activate signaling pathways involved in myocyte hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, contractile dysfunction, and inflammation thereby affecting cell structure and function, and contributing to cardiac damage and remodeling. In this manuscript, we review recent published research on cardiac aging. We summarize the aging heart biology, highlighting key molecular pathways and cellular processes that underlie the redox signaling changes during aging. Main ROS sources, antioxidant defenses, and the role of dysfunctional mitochondria in the aging heart are addressed. As metabolism changes contribute to cardiac aging, we also comment on the most prevalent metabolic alterations. This review will help us to understand the mechanisms involved in the heart aging process and will provide a background for attractive molecular targets to prevent age-driven pathology of the heart. A greater understanding of the processes involved in cardiac aging may facilitate our ability to mitigate the escalating burden of CVD in older individuals and promote healthy cardiac aging.
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Liu Y, Xue N, Zhang B, Lv H, Li S. Role of Thioredoxin-1 and its inducers in human health and diseases. Eur J Pharmacol 2022; 919:174756. [PMID: 35032486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2022.174756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Thioredoxin-1 (Trx-1) is a small redox-active protein normally found in mammalian cells that responds to the changing redox environment by contributing electrons or regulating related proteins. There is growing evidence that Trx-1 has multiple functions, including cytoprotective, anti-apoptotic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. To date, researchers have found that Trx-1 deficiency leads to severe damage in various disease models, such as atherosclerosis, cerebral ischemia, diabetes and tumors. Conversely, activation of Trx-1 has a protective effect against these diseases. Accordingly, a variety of Trx-1 inducers have been widely used in the clinic with significant therapeutic value. In this paper, we summarize the pathogenesis of Trx-1 involvement in the above-mentioned diseases and describe the protective effects of Trx-1 inducers on them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China
| | - Nianyu Xue
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China
| | - Boxi Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China
| | - Hongming Lv
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China.
| | - Shize Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang Bayi, China.
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YANG L, YANG C, SONG ZX, WAN M, XIA H, XU D, PAN D, WANG SK, SHU G, SUN G. Effects of blended oils with different n-6/n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ratios on high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders and hepatic steatosis in rats. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.81322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhi Xiu SONG
- Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | | | | | | | - Da PAN
- Southeast University, China
| | | | - Guofang SHU
- Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, China
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