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Xu Y, Biby S, Guo C, Liu Z, Cai J, Wang XY, Zhang S. Characterization of a small molecule inhibitor of the NLRP3 inflammasome and its potential use for acute lung injury. Bioorg Chem 2024; 150:107562. [PMID: 38901282 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Accumulating data support the key roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome, an essential component of the innate immune system, in human pathophysiology. As an emerging drug target and a potential biomarker for human diseases, small molecule inhibitors of the NLRP3 inflammasome have been actively pursued. Our recent studies identified a small molecule, MS-II-124, as a potent NLRP3 inhibitor and potential imaging probe. In this report, MS-II-124 was further characterized by an unbiased and comprehensive analysis through Eurofins BioMAP Diversity PLUS panel that contains 12 human primary cell-based systems. The analysis revealed promising activities of MS-II-124 on inflammation and immune functions, further supporting the roles of the NLRP3 inflammasome in these model systems. Further studies of MS-II-124 in mouse model of acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and NLRP3 knockout mice demonstrated its target engagement, efficacy to suppress inflammatory cytokines and infiltration of immune cells in the lung tissues. In summary, the results support the therapeutic potential of MS-II-124 as a NLRP3 inhibitor and warrant future studies of this compound and its analogs to develop therapeutics for ALI/ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Xu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Savannah Biby
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Chunqing Guo
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Jinyang Cai
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA
| | - Shijun Zhang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA.
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Vezzani B, Perrone M, Carinci M, Palumbo L, Tombolato A, Tombolato D, Daminato C, Gentili V, Rizzo R, Campo G, Morandi L, Papi A, Spadaro S, Casolari P, Contoli M, Pinton P, Giorgi C. SARS-CoV-2 infection as a model to study the effect of cinnamaldehyde as adjuvant therapy for viral pneumonia. J Inflamm (Lond) 2023; 20:40. [PMID: 37986089 PMCID: PMC10658863 DOI: 10.1186/s12950-023-00364-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recent pandemic outbursts, due to SARS-CoV-2, have highlighted once more the central role of the inflammatory process in the propagation of viral infection. The main consequence of COVID-19 is the induction of a diffuse pro-inflammatory state, also defined as a cytokine storm, which affects different organs, but mostly the lungs. We aimed to prove the efficacy of cinnamaldehyde, the active compound of cinnamon, as an anti-inflammatory compound, able to reduce SARS-CoV-2 induced cytokine storm. RESULTS We enrolled 53 COVID-19 patients hospitalized for respiratory failure. The cohort was composed by 39 males and 13 females, aged 65.0 ± 9.8 years. We reported that COVID-19 patients have significantly higher IL-1β and IL-6 plasma levels compared to non-COVID-19 pneumonia patients. In addition, human mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from SARS-CoV-2 infected patients are significantly more prone to release pro-inflammatory cytokines upon stimuli. We demonstrated, using in vitro cell models, that macrophages are responsible for mediating the pro-inflammatory cytokine storm while lung cells support SARS-CoV-2 replication upon viral infection. In this context, cinnamaldehyde administration significantly reduces SARS-CoV-2-related inflammation by inhibiting NLRP3 mediated IL-1β release in both PBMCs and THP-1 macrophages, as well as viral replication in CaLu-3 epithelial cells. Lastly, aerosol-administered cinnamaldehyde was able to significantly reduce IL-1β release in an in vivo lung-inflammatory model. CONCLUSION The obtained results suggest the possible use of cinnamaldehyde as a co-adjuvant preventive treatment for COVID-19 disease together with vaccination, but also as a promising dietary supplement to reduce, more broadly, viral induced inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Vezzani
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mariasole Perrone
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marianna Carinci
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Laura Palumbo
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Valentina Gentili
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberta Rizzo
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Campo
- Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Luca Morandi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Alberto Papi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Savino Spadaro
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Casolari
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Marco Contoli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paolo Pinton
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlotta Giorgi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
- Laboratory of Technologies for Advanced Therapy (LTTA), Technopole of Ferrara, 44121, Ferrara, Italy.
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Semmarath W, Srisawad K, Arjsri P, Umsumarng S, Yodkeeree S, Jamjod S, Prom-u-thai C, Dejkriengkraikul P. Protective Effects of Proanthocyanidin-Rich Fraction from Red Rice Germ and Bran on Lung Cell Inflammation via Inhibition of NF-κB/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway. Nutrients 2023; 15:3793. [PMID: 37686825 PMCID: PMC10490275 DOI: 10.3390/nu15173793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway during infectious pathogen-induced immunopathology can lead to chronic inflammation and various adverse health outcomes. Identification of functional foods with anti-inflammatory properties is crucial for preventing inflammation triggered by NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of a proanthocyanidin-rich fraction obtained from red rice germ and bran against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-induced condition in A549 lung cells. The proanthocyanidin-rich fraction from Yamuechaebia 3 red rice extract (YM3-PRF) was obtained using column chromatography with Sephadex LH20, and its total proanthocyanidin content was determined to be 351.43 ± 1.18 mg/g extract using the vanillin assay. A549 lung cells were pretreated with YM3-PRF at concentrations of 5-20 μg/mL prior to exposure to LPS (1 μg/mL) and ATP (5 nM). The results showed that YM3-PRF significantly inhibited the expression of inflammatory mRNAs (NLRP3, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18) and the secretion of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18) in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Mechanistically, YM3-PRF exerted its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB translocation and downregulating proteins associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway (NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1, and cleaved-caspase-1). These findings suggest that the proanthocyanidin-rich fraction from red rice germ and bran has protective effects and may serve as a potential therapeutic option for chronic inflammatory diseases associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Warathit Semmarath
- Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand;
| | - Kamonwan Srisawad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (P.A.); (S.Y.)
- Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Punnida Arjsri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (P.A.); (S.Y.)
| | - Sonthaya Umsumarng
- Division of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Supachai Yodkeeree
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (P.A.); (S.Y.)
- Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sansanee Jamjod
- Lanna Rice Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.J.); (C.P.-u.-t.)
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Chanakan Prom-u-thai
- Lanna Rice Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.J.); (C.P.-u.-t.)
| | - Pornngarm Dejkriengkraikul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (K.S.); (P.A.); (S.Y.)
- Anticarcinogenesis and Apoptosis Research Cluster, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Lanna Rice Research Center, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (S.J.); (C.P.-u.-t.)
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Pi P, Zeng Z, Zeng L, Han B, Bai X, Xu S. Molecular mechanisms of COVID-19-induced pulmonary fibrosis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1218059. [PMID: 37601070 PMCID: PMC10436482 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1218059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
As the outbreak of COVID-19 caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) first broke out in Hubei Province, China, at the end of 2019. It has brought great challenges and harms to global public health. SARS-CoV-2 mainly affects the lungs and is mainly manifested as pulmonary disease. However, one of the biggest crises arises from the emergence of COVID-19-induced fibrosis. At present, there are still many questions about how COVID-19 induced pulmonary fibrosis (PF) occurs and how to treat and regulate its long-term effects. In addition, as an important process of fibrosis, the effect of COVID-19 on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) may be an important factor driving PF. This review summarizes the main pathogenesis and treatment mechanisms of COVID-19 related to PF. Starting with the basic mechanisms of PF, such as EMT, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), fibroblasts and myofibroblasts, inflammation, macrophages, innate lymphoid cells, matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases, hedgehog pathway as well as Notch signaling. Further, we highlight the importance of COVID-19-induced EMT in the process of PF and provide an overview of the related molecular mechanisms, which will facilitate future research to propose new clinical therapeutic solutions for the treatment of COVID-19-induced PF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Pi
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhipeng Zeng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Liqing Zeng
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Han
- School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Xizhe Bai
- College of Physical Education and Health, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shousheng Xu
- School of Sports Engineering, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Alzahrani FA, Khan MI, Kameli N, Alsahafi E, Riza YM. Plant-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Exciting Potential as the Future of Next-Generation Drug Delivery. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050839. [PMID: 37238708 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant cells release tiny membranous vesicles called extracellular vesicles (EVs), which are rich in lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and pharmacologically active compounds. These plant-derived EVs (PDEVs) are safe and easily extractable and have been shown to have therapeutic effects against inflammation, cancer, bacteria, and aging. They have shown promise in preventing or treating colitis, cancer, alcoholic liver disease, and even COVID-19. PDEVs can also be used as natural carriers for small-molecule drugs and nucleic acids through various administration routes such as oral, transdermal, or injection. The unique advantages of PDEVs make them highly competitive in clinical applications and preventive healthcare products in the future. This review covers the latest methods for isolating and characterizing PDEVs, their applications in disease prevention and treatment, and their potential as a new drug carrier, with special attention to their commercial viability and toxicological profile, as the future of nanomedicine therapeutics. This review champions the formation of a new task force specializing in PDEVs to address a global need for rigor and standardization in PDEV research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faisal A Alzahrani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of science, Embryonic Stem Cell Unit, King Fahad Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Imran Khan
- Centre of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nader Kameli
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan 82621, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Elham Alsahafi
- Department of Basic and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm AlQura University, P.O. Box 715, Mecca 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasir Mohamed Riza
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of science, Embryonic Stem Cell Unit, King Fahad Center for Medical Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Centre of Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicines, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Li R, Kang H, Chen S. From Basic Research to Clinical Practice: Considerations for Treatment Drugs for Silicosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098333. [PMID: 37176040 PMCID: PMC10179659 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicosis, characterized by irreversible pulmonary fibrosis, remains a major global public health problem. Nowadays, cumulative studies are focusing on elucidating the pathogenesis of silicosis in order to identify preventive or therapeutic antifibrotic agents. However, the existing research on the mechanism of silica-dust-induced pulmonary fibrosis is only the tip of the iceberg and lags far behind clinical needs. Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), as a pulmonary fibrosis disease, also has the same problem. In this study, we examined the relationship between silicosis and IPF from the perspective of their pathogenesis and fibrotic characteristics, further discussing current drug research and limitations of clinical application in silicosis. Overall, this review provided novel insights for clinical treatment of silicosis with the hope of bridging the gap between research and practice in silicosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rou Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Huimin Kang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Shi Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology of Hunan Province, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410013, China
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Genetic association of circulating C-reactive protein levels with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study. Respir Res 2023; 24:7. [PMID: 36624433 PMCID: PMC9830761 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02309-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several observational studies have found that idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is often accompanied by elevated circulating C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. However, the causal relationship between them remains to be determined. Therefore, our study aimed to explore the causal effect of circulating CRP levels on IPF risk by the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. METHODS We analyzed the data from two genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of European ancestry, including circulating CRP levels (204,402 individuals) and IPF (1028 cases and 196,986 controls). We primarily used inverse variance weighted (IVW) to assess the causal effect of circulating CRP levels on IPF risk. MR-Egger regression and MR-PRESSO global test were used to determine pleiotropy. Heterogeneity was examined with Cochran's Q test. The leave-one-out analysis tested the robustness of the results. RESULTS We obtained 54 SNPs as instrumental variables (IVs) for circulating CRP levels, and these IVs had no significant horizontal pleiotropy, heterogeneity, or bias. MR analysis revealed a causal effect between elevated circulating CRP levels and increased risk of IPF (ORIVW = 1.446, 95% CI 1.128-1.854, P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS The present study indicated that elevated circulating CRP levels could increase the risk of developing IPF in people of European ancestry.
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Perri A. The NLRP3-Inflammasome in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113103. [PMID: 36361886 PMCID: PMC9657049 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Perri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
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Yeh JJ, Hung TW, Lin CL, Chen TT, Liw PX, Yu YL, Kao CH. Colchicine Is a Weapon for Managing the Heart Disease Among Interstitial Lung Disease With Viral Infection: Have We Found the Holy Grail? Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:925211. [PMID: 35837610 PMCID: PMC9273766 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.925211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundThis study investigated the effect of colchicine use on the risks of heart disease (HD), pericarditis, endocarditis, myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, cardiac arrhythmia, and cardiac failure in patients having interstitial lung disease (ILD) with virus infection (ILD cohort).MethodsWe retrospectively enrolled ILD cohort between 2000 and 2013 from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database and divided them into colchicine users (n = 12,253) and colchicine non-users (n = 12,253) through propensity score matching. The event of interest was the diagnosis of HD. The incidence of HD was analyzed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards models between colchicine users and the comparison cohort after adjustment for age, sex, medication, comorbidities, and index date based on the time-dependent analysis.ResultsColchicine users had a significantly lower risk of HD (aHR = 0.87, 95% confidence interval (CI]) = 0.82–0.92) than did the colchicine non-user. For colchicine non-users as the reference, the aHR (95% CI) of the patients who received colchicine of 2–7, 8–30, 31–150, and > 150 days were 0.89 (0.81–0.98), 0.84 (0.76–0.94), 090 (0.80–0.99), and 0.83 (0.74–0.93), respectively; regardless of duration use, the lower risk of HD persisted in colchicine users. The cumulative incidence of HD in colchicine users was significantly lower than that in the colchicine non-users (log-rank p < 0.001).ConclusionThe addition of short-term or long-term colchicine to standard medical therapy may have benefits to prevent the HD among the ILD patients concurrent with a virus infection or comorbidities even in elderly patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Yeh
- Department of Family Medicine, Geriatric Medicine, Chest Medicine and Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tuey-Wen Hung
- Department of Family Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Li Lin
- College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Tse Chen
- Department of Family Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Xuan Liw
- Department of Family Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Lun Yu
- Department of Family Medicine and Geriatric Medicine, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hung Kao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Center of Augmented Intelligence in Healthcare, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chia-Hung Kao, ,
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Min L, Shu-Li Z, Feng Y, Han H, Shao-Jun L, Sheng-Xiong T, Jia-Yu T, Xiang-Zhi F, Dan F. NecroX-5 ameliorates bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis via inhibiting NLRP3-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Respir Res 2022; 23:128. [PMID: 35596212 PMCID: PMC9121617 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02044-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and usually lethal pulmonary disease. Despite considerable research efforts, no effective therapeutic strategy for pulmonary fibrosis has been developed. NecroX-5 has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor activities. In the present study, we aimed to determine whether NecroX-5 exhibits antifibrotic property in bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis. Results We found that pre-treatment with NecroX-5 alleviated inflammatory response, reduced oxidative stress, inhibited epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and ameliorated pulmonary fibrosis in vivo and in vitro. Our data further indicated that NecroX-5 substantially reduced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and TGF-β1/Smad2/3 signaling in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, NLRP3 overexpression significantly reversed the protective effects of NecroX-5 in lung epithelial cells exposed to BLM. Conclusions Overall, our results demonstrate the potent antifibrotic properties of NecroX-5 and its therapeutic potential for pulmonary fibrosis. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12931-022-02044-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Min
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhang Shu-Li
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan Feng
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Hu Han
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Shao-Jun
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Tong Sheng-Xiong
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Tian Jia-Yu
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Xiang-Zhi
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Dan
- Department of Pain Management, Wuhan First Hospital, Wuhan, China.
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11
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Lučiūnaitė A, Dalgėdienė I, Žilionis R, Mašalaitė K, Norkienė M, Šinkūnas A, Gedvilaitė A, Kučinskaitė-Kodzė I, Žvirblienė A. Activation of NLRP3 Inflammasome by Virus-Like Particles of Human Polyomaviruses in Macrophages. Front Immunol 2022; 13:831815. [PMID: 35355981 PMCID: PMC8959312 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.831815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Viral antigens can activate phagocytes, inducing inflammation, but the mechanisms are barely explored. The aim of this study is to investigate how viral oligomeric proteins of different structures induce inflammatory response in macrophages. Human THP-1 cell line was used to prepare macrophages that were treated with filamentous nucleocapsid-like particles (NLPs) of paramyxoviruses and spherical virus-like particles (VLPs) of human polyomaviruses. The effects of viral proteins on cell viability, pro-inflammatory cytokines’ production, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation were investigated. Filamentous NLPs did not induce inflammation while spherical VLPs mediated inflammatory response followed by NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Inhibitors of cathepsins and K+ efflux decreased IL-1β release and cell death, indicating a complex inflammasome activation process. A similar activation pattern was observed in primary human macrophages. Single-cell RNAseq analysis of THP-1 cells revealed several cell activation states different in inflammation-related genes. This study provides new insights into the interaction of viral proteins with immune cells and suggests that structural properties of oligomeric proteins may define cell activation pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asta Lučiūnaitė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Indrė Dalgėdienė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Rapolas Žilionis
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.,R&D Department, Droplet Genomics, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Kristina Mašalaitė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Milda Norkienė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Alma Gedvilaitė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | | | - Aurelija Žvirblienė
- Institute of Biotechnology, Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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