1
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Beckmann JL, Tiessen N, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Hoge B, Mitzel NW. Polydentate chalcogen bonding: anion trapping with a water-stable host compound carrying Se-CF 3 functions. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38979556 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01730g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Bidentate and tetradentate chalcogen bonding host systems with SeCF3 functions as σ-hole donors in close proximity at the alkyne functions of 1,8-diethynylanthracene and its syn-dimer were prepared in quantitative yield by tin-selenium exchange reactions of the corresponding trimethylstannyl precursors with ClSeCF3. The bidentate system shows chalcogen bonding interactions with THF, but does not bind halide ions. The tetradentate system cooperatively chelates chloride, bromide and iodide ions with its four CC-SeCF3 units by rotating the four σ-holes towards the halide ion. The structures of these halide ion adducts were determined by X-ray diffraction. The hydrobromide and -iodide salts of the ethyl derivative of Schwesinger's phosphazene superbase served as halide salts with very weakly coordinating cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Louis Beckmann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Natalia Tiessen
- Inorganic Chemistry ACII, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Berthold Hoge
- Inorganic Chemistry ACII, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2, Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstraße 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
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2
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Zhao Z, Liu Y, Wang Y. Weak Interaction Activates Esters: Reconciling Catalytic Activity and Turnover Contradiction by Tailored Chalcogen Bonding. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:13296-13305. [PMID: 38695301 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c01541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The activation of esters by strong Lewis acids via the formation of covalent adducts is a classic strategy to give reactivity; however, this approach frequently incurs limited turnover due to the low efficiency in the dissociation of catalyst from a stable catalyst-product complex. While the use of some weak interaction catalysts that can easily dissociate from any bonding complexes in the reaction system would solve this catalyst turnover problem, the poor catalytic activity in the ester activation that can be provided by these noncovalent forces in turn sets up a formidable challenge. Herein, we describe the activation and catalytic transformation of esters by weak interactions, which provides a promising platform to reconcile the catalytic activity and turnover problems. Several tailored chalcogen-bonding catalysts were developed for the activation of esters, enabling achieving several inherently low reactive Diels-Alder reactions as well as the ring-opening polymerization of lactones through weak chalcogen bonding interactions. This supramolecular catalysis approach is particularly highlighted by its capability to promote some uncommon Diels-Alder reactions involving using dienes bearing electron-withdrawing groups coupled by α,β-unsaturated ester as dienophiles and substrate incorporating competitive Lewis basic sites, in which typical strong Lewis acids showed low catalytic efficiency, while representative hydrogen and halogen bonding catalysts were inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China
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3
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Zhao C, Li Y, Wang Y, Zeng Y. Cationic Hypervalent Chalcogen Bond Catalysis on the Povarov Reaction: Reactivity and Stereoselectivity. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400555. [PMID: 38372453 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Chalcogen bond catalysis, particularly cationic hypervalent chalcogen bond catalysis, is considered to be an effective strategy for organocatalysis. In this work, the cationic hypervalent chalcogen bond catalysis for the Povarov reaction between N-benzylideneaniline and ethyl vinyl ether was investigated by density functional theory (DFT). The catalytic reaction involves the cycloaddition process and the proton transfer process, and the rate-determining step is the cycloaddition process. Cationic hypervalent tellurium derivatives bearing CF3 and F groups exhibit superior catalytic activity. For the rate-determining step, the Gibbs free energy barrier decreases as the positive electrostatic potential of the chalcogen bond catalysts increases. More importantly, the Gibbs free energy barrier has a strong linear correlation with the electrostatic energy of the chalcogen bond in the catalyst-substrate complex. Furthermore, the catalytic reactions include the endo pathway and exo pathway. The C-H⋅⋅⋅π interaction between the substituent of the ethyl vinyl ether and the aryl ring of the N-benzylideneaniline contributes to the endo-selectivity of the reaction. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of chalcogen bond catalysis, providing insights for designing chalcogen bond catalysts with high performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Yanjiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nano-materials, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
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4
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Gomila RM, Frontera A. On the Existence of Pnictogen Bonding Interactions in As(III) S-Adenosylmethionine Methyltransferase Enzymes. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400081. [PMID: 38407495 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
As(III) S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferases, pivotal enzymes in arsenic metabolism, facilitate the methylation of arsenic up to three times. This process predominantly yields trivalent mono- and dimethylarsenite, with trimethylarsine forming in smaller amounts. While this enzyme acts as a detoxifier in microbial systems by altering As(III), in humans, it paradoxically generates more toxic and potentially carcinogenic methylated arsenic species. The strong affinity of As(III) for cysteine residues, forming As(III)-thiolate bonds, is exploited in medical treatments, notably in arsenic trioxide (Trisenox®), an FDA-approved drug for leukemia. The effectiveness of this drug is partly due to its interaction with cysteine residues, leading to the breakdown of key oncogenic fusion proteins. In this study, we extend the understanding of As(III)'s binding mechanisms, showing that, in addition to As(III)-S covalent bonds, noncovalent O⋅⋅⋅As pnictogen bonding plays a vital role. This interaction significantly contributes to the structural stability of the As(III) complexes. Our crystallographic analysis using the PDB database of As(III) S-adenosylmethionine methyltransferases, augmented by comprehensive theoretical studies including molecular electrostatic potential (MEP), quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM), and natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis, emphasizes the critical role of pnictogen bonding in these systems. We also undertake a detailed evaluation of the energy characteristics of these pnictogen bonds using various theoretical models. To our knowledge, this is the first time pnictogen bonds in As(III) derivatives have been reported in biological systems, marking a significant advancement in our understanding of arsenic's molecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Gomila
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca (Baleares), Spain
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5
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Groslambert L, Cornaton Y, Ditte M, Aubert E, Pale P, Tkatchenko A, Djukic JP, Mamane V. Affinity of Telluronium Chalcogen Bond Donors for Lewis Bases in Solution: A Critical Experimental-Theoretical Joint Study. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302933. [PMID: 37970753 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Telluronium salts [Ar2 MeTe]X were synthesized, and their Lewis acidic properties towards a number of Lewis bases were addressed in solution by physical and theoretical means. Structural X-ray diffraction analysis of 21 different salts revealed the electrophilicity of the Te centers in their interactions with anions. Telluroniums' propensity to form Lewis pairs was investigated with OPPh3 . Diffusion-ordered NMR spectroscopy suggested that telluroniums can bind up to three OPPh3 molecules. Isotherm titration calorimetry showed that the related heats of association in 1,2-dichloroethane depend on the electronic properties of the substituents of the aryl moiety and on the nature of the counterion. The enthalpies of first association of OPPh3 span -0.5 to -5 kcal mol-1 . Study of the affinity of telluroniums for OPPh3 by state-of-the-art DFT and ab-initio methods revealed the dominant Coulombic and dispersion interactions as well as an entropic effect favoring association in solution. Intermolecular orbital interactions between [Ar2 MeTe]+ cations and OPPh3 are deemed insufficient on their own to ensure the cohesion of [Ar2 MeTe ⋅ Bn ]+ complexes in solution (B=Lewis base). Comparison of Grimme's and Tkatchenko's DFT-D4/MBD-vdW thermodynamics of formation of higher [Ar2 MeTe ⋅ Bn ]+ complexes revealed significant molecular size-dependent divergence of the two methodologies, with MBD yielding better agreement with experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loïc Groslambert
- LASYROC, UMR 7177 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yann Cornaton
- LCSOM, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Matej Ditte
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | | | - Patrick Pale
- LASYROC, UMR 7177 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Alexandre Tkatchenko
- Department of Physics and Materials Science, University of Luxembourg, L-1511, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Jean-Pierre Djukic
- LCSOM, UMR 7177 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Victor Mamane
- LASYROC, UMR 7177 CNRS, University of Strasbourg, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
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6
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Ma W, Kirchhoff JL, Strohmann C, Grabe B, Loh CCJ. Cooperative Bifurcated Chalcogen Bonding and Hydrogen Bonding as Stereocontrolling Elements for Selective Strain-Release Septanosylation. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:26611-26622. [PMID: 38032866 PMCID: PMC10722516 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c06984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The exploitation of noncovalent interactions (NCIs) is emerging as a vital handle in tackling broad stereoselectivity challenges in synthesis. In particular, there has been significant recent interest in the harnessing of unconventional NCIs to surmount difficult selectivity challenges in glycosylations. Herein, we disclose the exploitation of an unconventional bifurcated chalcogen bonding and hydrogen bonding (HB) network, which paves the way for a robust catalytic strategy into biologically useful seven-membered ring sugars. Through 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in situ monitoring, NMR titration experiments, and density functional theory (DFT) modeling, we propose a remarkable contemporaneous activation of multiple functional groups consisting of a bifurcated chalcogen bonding mechanism working hand-in-hand with HB activation. Significantly, the ester moiety installed on the glycosyl donor is critical in the establishment of the postulated ternary complex for stereocontrol. Through the 13C kinetic isotopic effect and kinetic studies, our data corroborated that a dissociative SNi-type mechanism forms the stereocontrolling basis for the excellent α-selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenpeng Ma
- Abteilung
Chemische Biologie, Max-Planck-Institut
für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
- Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Jan-Lukas Kirchhoff
- Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Anorganische Chemie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 6, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Bastian Grabe
- Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, Dortmund 44227, Germany
| | - Charles C. J. Loh
- Abteilung
Chemische Biologie, Max-Planck-Institut
für Molekulare Physiologie, Otto-Hahn-Straße 11, Dortmund 44227, Germany
- Fakultät
für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Technische Universität Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, Dortmund 44227, Germany
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7
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Beckmann JL, Krieft J, Vishnevskiy YV, Neumann B, Stammler HG, Mitzel NW. A Bidentate Antimony Pnictogen Bonding Host System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202310439. [PMID: 37773008 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202310439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
A bidentate pnictogen bonding host-system based on 1,8-diethynylanthracene was synthesized by a selective tin-antimony exchange reaction and investigated regarding its ability to act as a Lewis acidic host component for the complexation of Lewis basic or anionic guests. In this work, the novel C≡C-Sb(C2 F5 )2 unit was established to study the potential of antimony(III) sites as representatives for the scarcely explored pnictogen bonding donors. The capability of this partly fluorinated host system was investigated towards halide anions (Cl- , Br- , I- ), dimethyl chalcogenides Me2 Y (Y=O, S, Se, Te), and nitrogen heterocycles (pyridine, pyrimidine). Insights into the adduct formation behavior as well as the bonding situation of such E⋅⋅⋅Sb-CF moieties were obtained in solution by means of NMR spectroscopy, in the solid state by X-ray diffraction, by elemental analyses, and by computational methods (DFT, QTAIM, IQA), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Louis Beckmann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Jonas Krieft
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Yury V Vishnevskiy
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Beate Neumann
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Stammler
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Norbert W Mitzel
- Chair of Inorganic and Structural Chemistry, Center for Molecular Materials CM2 Faculty of Chemistry, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
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8
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Pang Y, Zhao Z, Wang Y. Activation of alkynes by chalcogen bonding: a Se⋯π interaction catalyzed intramolecular cyclization of 1,6-diynes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12278-12281. [PMID: 37751221 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04096h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
The activation of the triple bond of alkynes was dominated by transition metals, while it is difficult for organocatalysts to play an effective role in this realm. Herein, we describe the activation of alkynes by chalcogen bonding, and the weak Se⋯π interaction was capable of catalyzing the intramolecular cyclization of 1,6-diynes, thus adding a new capability in the list of supramolecular catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanling Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 27 Shanda Nanlu, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China.
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9
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Zhao Z, Pang Y, Zhao Z, Zhou PP, Wang Y. Supramolecular catalysis with ethers enabled by dual chalcogen bonding activation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6347. [PMID: 37816750 PMCID: PMC10564790 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42129-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of ethers by weak interactions is a long-standing objective in supramolecular catalysis, but yet it remains an underdeveloped topic. The obstacles towards solving this problem are prominent since it is difficult for a weak interaction to cleave a relatively strong C-O σ-bond and moreover, the ionic intermediate composing of an alkoxide ion and an electrophilic carbocation would deactivate weak interaction donors. Herein, we describe a distinctive activation mode, dual Se···π and Se···O bonding, that could activate benzylic as well as allylic ether C-O σ-bonds to achieve cyclization, coupling and elimination reactions. This dual Se···π and Se···O bonding catalysis approach could tolerate various alkoxide leaving groups, while the other representative weak interaction donors showed no catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Yuanling Pang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Ziqiang Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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10
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Pale P, Mamane V. Chalcogen Bonding Catalysis: Tellurium, the Last Frontier? Chemistry 2023:e202302755. [PMID: 37743816 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Chalcogen bonding (ChB) is the non-covalent interaction occurring between chalcogen atoms as Lewis acid sites and atoms or groups of atoms able to behave as Lewis bases through their lone pair or π electrons. Analogously to its sister halogen bonding, the high directionality of this interaction was implemented for precise structural organizations in the solid state and in solution. Regarding catalysis, ChB is now accepted as a new mode of activation as demonstrated by the increased number of examples in the last five years. In the family of ChB catalysts, those based on tellurium rapidly appeared to overcome their lighter sulfur and selenium counterparts. In this review, we highlight the Lewis acid properties of tellurium-based derivatives in solution and summarize the start-of-the-art of their applications in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Pale
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177-LASYROC, CNRS and Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177-LASYROC, CNRS and Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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11
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Groslambert L, Padilla-Hernandez A, Weiss R, Pale P, Mamane V. Chalcogen-Bond Catalysis: Telluronium-Catalyzed [4+2]-Cyclocondensation of (in situ Generated) Aryl Imines with Alkenes. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203372. [PMID: 36524743 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the chalcogen series, tellurium species exhibit the strongest chalcogen bonding (ChB) interaction with electron-rich atom. This property explains the renewed interested toward tellurium-based derivatives and their use in different applications, such as organocatalysis. In this context, the catalytic activity of telluronium salts in the Povarov reaction is presented herein. Different dienophiles, as well as imines of variable electronic nature, efficiently react in the presence of catalytic amount of either diarylmethyltelluronium or triaryltelluronium salts. Both catalysts could also readily perform the three-component Povarov reaction starting from aldehyde, aniline and dihydrofuran. The reactivity of telluroniums towards imines and aldehydes was confirmed in the solid state by the ability of Te atom to interact through ChB with the oxygen carbonyl of acetone, and in solution with significant shift variations of the imine proton and of the tellurium atom in 1 H and 125 Te NMR spectroscopy. For the most active telluronium catalysts bearing CF3 groups, association constants (K) with N-phenyl phenylmethanimine in the range 22-38 M-1 were measured in dichloromethane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loic Groslambert
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177-LASYROC, CNRS and Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Andres Padilla-Hernandez
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177-LASYROC, CNRS and Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Robin Weiss
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177-LASYROC, CNRS and Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Pale
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177-LASYROC, CNRS and Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177-LASYROC, CNRS and Strasbourg University, 4 rue Blaise Pascal, 67000, Strasbourg, France
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12
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Abstract
ConspectusThe exploration of new catalysis concepts and strategies to drive chemical reactions is of vital importance for the sustainable development of organic synthesis. Recently, chalcogen bonding catalysis has emerged as a new concept for organic synthesis and has been demonstrated to be an important synthetic tool capable of addressing elusive reactivity and selectivity issues. This Account describes our progress in the research field of chalcogen bonding catalysis, including (1) the discovery of phosphonium chalcogenide (PCH) as highly efficient chalcogen bonding catalyst; (2) the development of "chalcogen-chalcogen bonding catalysis" and "chalcogen···π bonding catalysis" modes; (3) the demonstration that chalcogen bonding catalysis with PCH can activate hydrocarbons to achieve cyclization and coupling reactions of alkenes; (4) the discovery of unusual results that chalcogen bonding catalysis with PCH can solve elusive reactivity and selectivity issues that are inaccessible by classic catalysis approaches; and (5) the elucidation of chalcogen bonding mechanisms.With PCH catalysts, we systematically studied their chalcogen bonding properties, the relationship between structure and catalysis, and their application in facilitating a diverse array of reactions. Enabled by chalcogen-chalcogen bonding catalysis, an efficient assembly reaction of three molecules of β-ketoaldehyde and one indole derivative in a single operation was realized, delivering heterocycles with a newly constructed seven-membered ring. In addition, a Se···O bonding catalysis approach achieved an efficient synthesis of calix[4]pyrroles. We developed a "dual chalcogen bonding catalysis" strategy to solve reactivity and selectivity issues in the Rauhut-Currier-type reactions and related cascade cyclizations, thus shifting conventionally covalent Lewis base catalysis to a cooperative Se···O bonding catalysis approach. This strategy enables the cyanosilylation of ketones to take place in the presence of a ppm-level amount of PCH catalyst loading. Furthermore, we established chalcogen···π bonding catalysis for catalytic transformation of alkenes. In the research field of supramolecular catalysis, the activation of hydrocarbons such as alkenes by weak interactions is a highly interesting unresolved topic. We showed that the Se···π bonding catalysis approach could efficiently activate alkenes to achieve both coupling and cyclization reactions. Chalcogen···π bonding catalysis with PCH catalysts is particularly highlighted by the capability of facilitating strong Lewis-acid inaccessible transformations, such as the controlled cross coupling of triple alkenes. Overall, this Account presents a panoramic view of our research on chalcogen bonding catalysis with PCH catalysts. The works described in this Account provide a significant platform to solve synthetic problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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13
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Chalcogen Bond as a Factor Stabilizing Ligand Conformation in the Binding Pocket of Carbonic Anhydrase IX Receptor Mimic. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213701. [PMID: 36430173 PMCID: PMC9691181 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
It is postulated that the overexpression of Carbonic Anhydrase isozyme IX in some cancers contributes to the acidification of the extracellular matrix. It was proved that this promotes the growth and metastasis of the tumor. These observations have made Carbonic Anhydrase IX an attractive drug target. In the light of the findings and importance of the glycoprotein in the cancer treatment, we have employed quantum-chemical approaches to study non-covalent interactions in the binding pocket. As a ligand, the acetazolamide (AZM) molecule was chosen, being known as a potential inhibitor exhibiting anticancer properties. First-Principles Molecular Dynamics was performed to study the chalcogen and other non-covalent interactions in the AZM ligand and its complexes with amino acids forming the binding site. Based on Density Functional Theory (DFT) and post-Hartree-Fock methods, the metric and electronic structure parameters were described. The Non-Covalent Interaction (NCI) index and Atoms in Molecules (AIM) methods were applied for qualitative/quantitative analyses of the non-covalent interactions. Finally, the AZM-binding pocket interaction energy decomposition was carried out. Chalcogen bonding in the AZM molecule is an important factor stabilizing the preferred conformation. Free energy mapping via metadynamics and Path Integral molecular dynamics confirmed the significance of the chalcogen bond in structuring the conformational flexibility of the systems. The developed models are useful in the design of new inhibitors with desired pharmacological properties.
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14
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Brzeski J. On the influence of pnictogen bonding on acidity. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2022.116145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Definition of the Pnictogen Bond: A Perspective. INORGANICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics10100149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This article proposes a definition for the term “pnictogen bond” and lists its donors, acceptors, and characteristic features. These may be invoked to identify this specific subset of the inter- and intramolecular interactions formed by elements of Group 15 which possess an electrophilic site in a molecular entity.
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16
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Novikov AS, Bolotin DS. Halonium, chalconium, and pnictonium salts as noncovalent organocatalysts: a computational study on relative catalytic activity. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7632-7639. [PMID: 36111866 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01415g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This theoretical study sheds light on the relative catalytic activity of pnictonium, chalconium, and halonium salts in reactions involving elimination of chloride and electrophilic activation of a carbonyl group. DFT calculations indicate that for cationic aromatic onium salts, values of the electrostatic potential on heteroatom σ-holes gradually increase from pnictogen- to halogen-containing species. The higher values of the potential on the halogen atoms of halonium salts result in the overall higher catalytic activity of these species, but in the case of pnictonium and chalconium cations, weak interactions from the side groups provide an additional stabilization effect on the reaction transition states. Based upon quantum-chemical calculations, the catalytic activity of phosphonium(V) and arsenonium(V) salts is expected to be too low to obtain effective noncovalent organocatalytic compounds, whereas stibonium(V), telluronium(IV) and iodonium(III) salts exhibit higher potential in application as noncovalent organocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation. .,Infochemistry Scientific Center, ITMO University, Kronverksky Pr. 49, Bldg. A, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation.
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17
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Chishiro A, Akioka I, Sumida A, Oka K, Tohnai N, Yumura T, Imoto H, Naka K. Tetrachlorocatecholates of triarylarsines as a novel class of Lewis acids. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:13716-13724. [PMID: 36004500 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02145e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pnictogen-mediated Lewis acidity is an emerging research subject in organic chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, etc. In contrast to the extensive studies on phosphorus and antimony, the diversity of arsenic-Lewis acids was quite limited. Herein, tetrachlorocatecholates of triarylarsines were newly synthesized. Their structures, electronic properties, and Lewis acidities were experimentally and computationally examined and compared with the corresponding phosphorus and antimony analogs. This is the first systematic study on the relationship between the structure and Lewis acidity of arsenic-mediated Lewis acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akane Chishiro
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Ippei Akioka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Akifumi Sumida
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Kouki Oka
- Center for Future Innovation (Cfi) and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Norimitsu Tohnai
- Center for Future Innovation (Cfi) and Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takashi Yumura
- Faculty of Material Science and Technology, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imoto
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan.
| | - Kensuke Naka
- Faculty of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan. .,Materials Innovation Lab, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Goshokaido-cho, Matsugasaki, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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18
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Peluso P, Mamane V. Stereoselective Processes Based on σ-Hole Interactions. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144625. [PMID: 35889497 PMCID: PMC9323542 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The σ-hole interaction represents a noncovalent interaction between atoms with σ-hole(s) on their surface (such as halogens and chalcogens) and negative sites. Over the last decade, significant developments have emerged in applications where the σ-hole interaction was demonstrated to play a key role in the control over chirality. The aim of this review is to give a comprehensive overview of the current advancements in the use of σ-hole interactions in stereoselective processes, such as formation of chiral supramolecular assemblies, separation of enantiomers, enantioselective complexation and asymmetric catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB, CNR, Sede Secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (V.M.)
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institut de Chimie de Strasbourg, UMR CNRS 7177, Equipe LASYROC, 1 Rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg, France
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (V.M.)
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19
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Il'in MV, Novikov AS, Bolotin DS. Sulfonium and Selenonium Salts as Noncovalent Organocatalysts for the Multicomponent Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé Reaction. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10199-10207. [PMID: 35858372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfonium and selenonium salts, represented by S-aryl dibenzothiophenium and Se-aryl dibenzoselenophenium triflates, were found to exhibit remarkable catalytic activity in the model Groebke-Blackburn-Bienaymé reaction. Kinetic analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that their catalytic effect is induced by the ligation of the reaction substrates to the σ-holes on the S or Se atom of the cations. The experimental data indicated that although 10-fold excess of the chloride totally inhibits the catalytic activity of the sulfonium salts, the selenonium salt remains catalytically active, which can be explained by the experimentally found lower binding constant of the selenonium derivative to chloride in comparison with the sulfonium analogue. Both types of salts exhibit lower catalytic activity in the model reaction than dibenziodolium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Il'in
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander S Novikov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Miklukho-Maklaya St. 6, Moscow 117198, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitrii S Bolotin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation
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20
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Yuan X, Wang Y. A Selenide Catalyst for the Activation of Alkenes through Se⋅⋅⋅π Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202203671. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202203671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
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21
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Zhu H, Zhou PP, Wang Y. Cooperative chalcogen bonding interactions in confined sites activate aziridines. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3563. [PMID: 35732663 PMCID: PMC9217929 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31293-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The activation of aziridines typically involves the use of strong Lewis acids or transition metals, and methods relying on weak interactions are rare. Herein, we report that cooperative chalcogen bonding interactions in confined sites can activate sulfonyl-protected aziridines. Among the several possible distinct bonding modes, our experiments and computational studies suggest that an activation mode involving the cooperative Se···O and Se···N interactions is in operation. The catalytic reactions between weakly bonded supramolecular species and nonactivated alkenes are considered as unfavorable approaches. However, here we show that the activation of aziridines by cooperative Se···O and Se···N interactions enables the cycloaddition of weakly bonded aziridine-selenide complex with nonactivated alkenes in a catalytic manner. Thus, weak interactions can indeed enable these transformations and are an alternative to methods relying on strong Lewis acids. The activation of aziridines is typically achieved via reaction with strong Lewis acids or transition metals. Here, the authors report that cooperative Se ∙ ∙∙O and Se ∙ ∙∙N noncovalent interactions can activate sulfonyl-protected aziridines, which enables their use in cycloaddition reactions with nonactivated alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haofu Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Pan-Pan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Special Function Materials and Structure Design of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China.
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22
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Varadwaj A, Varadwaj PR, Marques HM, Yamashita K. The Pnictogen Bond: The Covalently Bound Arsenic Atom in Molecular Entities in Crystals as a Pnictogen Bond Donor. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27113421. [PMID: 35684359 PMCID: PMC9181914 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27113421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
In chemical systems, the arsenic-centered pnictogen bond, or simply the arsenic bond, occurs when there is evidence of a net attractive interaction between the electrophilic region associated with a covalently or coordinately bound arsenic atom in a molecular entity and a nucleophile in another or the same molecular entity. It is the third member of the family of pnictogen bonds formed by the third atom of the pnictogen family, Group 15 of the periodic table, and is an inter- or intramolecular noncovalent interaction. In this overview, we present several illustrative crystal structures deposited into the Cambridge Structure Database (CSD) and the Inorganic Chemistry Structural Database (ICSD) during the last and current centuries to demonstrate that the arsenic atom in molecular entities has a significant ability to act as an electrophilic agent to make an attractive engagement with nucleophiles when in close vicinity, thereby forming σ-hole or π-hole interactions, and hence driving (in part, at least) the overall stability of the system’s crystalline phase. This overview does not include results from theoretical simulations reported by others as none of them address the signatory details of As-centered pnictogen bonds. Rather, we aimed at highlighting the interaction modes of arsenic-centered σ- and π-holes in the rationale design of crystal lattices to demonstrate that such interactions are abundant in crystalline materials, but care has to be taken to identify them as is usually done with the much more widely known noncovalent interactions in chemical systems, halogen bonding and hydrogen bonding. We also demonstrate that As-centered pnictogen bonds are usually accompanied by other primary and secondary interactions, which reinforce their occurrence and strength in most of the crystal structures illustrated. A statistical analysis of structures deposited into the CSD was performed for each interaction type As···D (D = N, O, S, Se, Te, F, Cl, Br, I, arene’s π system), thus providing insight into the typical nature of As···D interaction distances and ∠R–As···D bond angles of these interactions in crystals, where R is the remainder of the molecular entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (P.R.V.)
| | - Pradeep R. Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (P.R.V.)
| | - Helder M. Marques
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;
| | - Koichi Yamashita
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
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23
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Yuan X, Wang Y. A Selenide Catalyst for the Activation of Alkenes through Se⋅⋅⋅π Bonding. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202203671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinglong Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of Education Shandong University Jinan 250100 China
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24
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Weiss R, Aubert E, Groslambert L, Pale P, Mamane V. Chalcogen Bonding with Diaryl Ditellurides: Evidence from Solid State and Solution Studies. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200395. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Weiss
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177 - LASYROC CNRS and Strasbourg University 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | | | - Loic Groslambert
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177 - LASYROC CNRS and Strasbourg University 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Patrick Pale
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177 - LASYROC CNRS and Strasbourg University 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
| | - Victor Mamane
- Institute of Chemistry of Strasbourg, UMR 7177 - LASYROC CNRS and Strasbourg University 4 rue Blaise Pascal 67000 Strasbourg France
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25
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Varadwaj A, Varadwaj PR, Marques HM, Yamashita K. The Stibium Bond or the Antimony-Centered Pnictogen Bond: The Covalently Bound Antimony Atom in Molecular Entities in Crystal Lattices as a Pnictogen Bond Donor. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094674. [PMID: 35563065 PMCID: PMC9099767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A stibium bond, i.e., a non-covalent interaction formed by covalently or coordinately bound antimony, occurs in chemical systems when there is evidence of a net attractive interaction between the electrophilic region associated with an antimony atom and a nucleophile in another, or the same molecular entity. This is a pnictogen bond and are likely formed by the elements of the pnictogen family, Group 15, of the periodic table, and is an inter- or intra-molecular non-covalent interaction. This overview describes a set of illustrative crystal systems that were stabilized (at least partially) by means of stibium bonds, together with other non-covalent interactions (such as hydrogen bonds and halogen bonds), retrieved from either the Cambridge Structure Database (CSD) or the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database (ICSD). We demonstrate that these databases contain hundreds of crystal structures of various dimensions in which covalently or coordinately bound antimony atoms in molecular entities feature positive sites that productively interact with various Lewis bases containing O, N, F, Cl, Br, and I atoms in the same or different molecular entities, leading to the formation of stibium bonds, and hence, being partially responsible for the stability of the crystals. The geometric features, pro-molecular charge density isosurface topologies, and extrema of the molecular electrostatic potential model were collectively examined in some instances to illustrate the presence of Sb-centered pnictogen bonding in the representative crystal systems considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpita Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (A.V.); (K.Y.)
| | - Pradeep R. Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (A.V.); (K.Y.)
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;
- Correspondence:
| | - Helder M. Marques
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;
| | - Koichi Yamashita
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (A.V.); (K.Y.)
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26
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Ibrahim MAA, Moussa NAM, Saad SMA, Ahmed MN, Shawky AM, Soliman MES, Mekhemer GAH, Rady ASSM. σ-Hole and LP-Hole Interactions of Pnicogen···Pnicogen Homodimers under the External Electric Field Effect: A Quantum Mechanical Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:11264-11275. [PMID: 35415328 PMCID: PMC8992284 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
σ-Hole and lone-pair (lp)-hole interactions within σ-hole···σ-hole, σ-hole···lp-hole, and lp-hole···lp-hole configurations were comparatively investigated on the pnicogen···pnicogen homodimers (PCl3)2, for the first time, under field-free conditions and the influence of the external electric field (EEF). The electrostatic potential calculations emphasized the impressive versatility of the examined PCl3 monomers to participate in σ-hole and lp-hole pnicogen interactions. Crucially, the sizes of σ-hole and lp-hole were enlarged under the influence of the positively directed EEF and decreased in the case of reverse direction. Interestingly, the energetic quantities unveiled more favorability of the σ-hole···lp-hole configuration of the pnicogen···pnicogen homodimers, with significant negative interaction energies, than σ-hole···σ-hole and lp-hole···lp-hole configurations. Quantum theory of atoms in molecules and noncovalent interaction index analyses were adopted to elucidate the nature and origin of the considered interactions, ensuring their closed shell nature and the occurrence of attractive forces within the studied homodimers. Symmetry-adapted perturbation theory-based energy decomposition analysis alluded to the dispersion force as the main physical component beyond the occurrence of the examined interactions. The obtained findings would be considered as a fundamental underpinning for forthcoming studies pertinent to chemistry, materials science, and crystal engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A. A. Ibrahim
- Computational
Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Nayra A. M. Moussa
- Computational
Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Sherif M. A. Saad
- Computational
Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Naeem Ahmed
- Department
of Chemistry, The University of Azad Jammu
and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad 13100, Pakistan
| | - Ahmed M. Shawky
- Science
and Technology Unit (STU), Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmoud E. S. Soliman
- Molecular
Modelling and Drug Design Research Group, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Gamal A. H. Mekhemer
- Computational
Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
| | - Al-shimaa S. M. Rady
- Computational
Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, Minia 61519, Egypt
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27
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The Role of Hydrogen Bonds in Interactions between [PdCl 4] 2- Dianions in Crystal. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27072144. [PMID: 35408543 PMCID: PMC9000617 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
[PdCl4]2- dianions are oriented within a crystal in such a way that a Cl of one unit approaches the Pd of another from directly above. Quantum calculations find this interaction to be highly repulsive with a large positive interaction energy. The placement of neutral ligands in their vicinity reduces the repulsion, but the interaction remains highly endothermic. When the ligands acquire a unit positive charge, the electrostatic component and the full interaction energy become quite negative, signalling an exothermic association. Raising the charge on these counterions to +2 has little further stabilizing effect, and in fact reduces the electrostatic attraction. The ability of the counterions to promote the interaction is attributed in part to the H-bonds which they form with both dianions, acting as a sort of glue.
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28
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Tong Q, Zhao Z, Wang Y. A Se···O bonding catalysis approach to the synthesis of calix[4]pyrroles. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:325-330. [PMID: 35368584 PMCID: PMC8941317 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Described herein is a chalcogen bonding catalysis approach to the synthesis of calix[4]pyrrole derivatives. The Se···O bonding interactions between selenide catalysts and ketones gave rise to the catalytic activity in the condensation reactions between pyrrole and ketones, leading to the generation of calix[4]pyrrole derivatives in moderate to high yields. This chalcogen bonding catalysis approach was efficient since only 5 mol % catalyst loading was used to promote the consecutive condensation processes while the reactions could be carried out at room temperature, thus highlighting the potential of this type of nonclassical interactions in catalyzing relative complex transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhe Tong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhiguo Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of the Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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29
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The synthesis, structure, and spectral properties of antimony(III) phthalocyanine obtained under iodine vapor atmosphere: (SbIIIPc)(I3) ½(I2). Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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30
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Varadwaj PR, Varadwaj A, Marques HM, Yamashita K. The Phosphorus Bond, or the Phosphorus-Centered Pnictogen Bond: The Covalently Bound Phosphorus Atom in Molecular Entities and Crystals as a Pnictogen Bond Donor. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051487. [PMID: 35268588 PMCID: PMC8911988 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The phosphorus bond in chemical systems, which is an inter- or intramolecular noncovalent interaction, occurs when there is evidence of a net attractive interaction between an electrophilic region associated with a covalently or coordinately bonded phosphorus atom in a molecular entity and a nucleophile in another, or the same, molecular entity. It is the second member of the family of pnictogen bonds, formed by the second member of the pnictogen family of the periodic table. In this overview, we provide the reader with a snapshot of the nature, and possible occurrences, of phosphorus-centered pnictogen bonding in illustrative chemical crystal systems drawn from the ICSD (Inorganic Crystal Structure Database) and CSD (Cambridge Structural Database) databases, some of which date back to the latter part of the last century. The illustrative systems discussed are expected to assist as a guide to researchers in rationalizing phosphorus-centered pnictogen bonding in the rational design of molecular complexes, crystals, and materials and their subsequent characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeep R. Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (A.V.); (K.Y.)
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;
- Correspondence:
| | - Arpita Varadwaj
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (A.V.); (K.Y.)
| | - Helder M. Marques
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa;
| | - Koichi Yamashita
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Tokyo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (A.V.); (K.Y.)
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Navarro-García E, Galmés B, Esquivel JL, Velasco MD, Bastida A, Zapata F, Caballero A, Frontera A. Host-guest complexes vs. supramolecular polymers in chalcogen bonding receptors: an experimental and theoretical study. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:1325-1332. [PMID: 35018911 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03925c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We describe here a comparative study between two tripodal anion receptors based on selenophene as the binding motif. The receptors use benzene or perfluorobenzene as a spacer. The presence of the electron-withdrawing ring activates the selenium atom for anion recognition inducing the formation of self-assembled supramolecular structures in the presence of chloride or bromide anions, which are bonded by the cooperative action of hydrogen and chalcogen bonding interactions. DOSY NMR and DLS experiments provided evidence for the formation of the supramolecular structures only in the presence of a perfluorobenzene based anion receptor while the analogous benzene one shows the classical anion/receptor complex without the participation of the selenium atom. The energetic and geometric features of the complexes of both receptors with the Cl and Br anions have been studied in solution. These results combined with the molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) surface plots allow us to rationalize the quite different behaviors of both receptors observed experimentally.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bartomeu Galmés
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
| | - José Luis Esquivel
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - María D Velasco
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Adolfo Bastida
- Departamento de Química Física, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Fabiola Zapata
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Caballero
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de Murcia, Campus de Espinardo, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Crta. de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
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Torubaev YV, Rozhkov AV, Skabitsky IV, Gomila RM, Frontera A, Kukushkin VY. Heterovalent chalcogen bonding: supramolecular assembly driven by the occurrence of a tellurium( ii)⋯Ch( i) (Ch = S, Se, Te) linkage. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi01420c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The revealed heterovalent TeII⋯ChI (Ch = S, Se, Te) chalcogen bonding was used for targeted noncovalent integration of two Ch centers in different oxidation states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury V. Torubaev
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Anton V. Rozhkov
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan V. Skabitsky
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Rosa M. Gomila
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Department of Chemistry, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - Vadim Yu. Kukushkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Nab. 7/9, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
- Institute of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Altai State University, 656049 Barnaul, Russian Federation
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33
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Zelenkov LE, Eliseeva AA, Baykov S, Ivanov DM, Sumina AI, Gomila RM, Frontera A, Kukushkin VY, Bokach NA. Inorganic–Organic {dz2-MIIS4}···π-Hole Stacking in Reverse Sandwich Structures. The Case of Cocrystals of Group 10 Metal Dithiocarbamates with Electron-deficient Arenes. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00438k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cocrystallization of the dithiocarbamate complexes [M(S2CNEt2)2] (M = Ni 1, Pd 2, Pt 3) and X-substituted perfluoroarenes (X = I, Br; 1,2-dibromoperfluorobenzene FBrB and 1,2-diiodoperfluorobenzene FIB) gives isomorphous cocrystals of...
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