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Zhao L, Li Y, Wang W, Qi X, Wang S, Song W, Li T, Gao W. Regulating NCOA4-Mediated Ferritinophagy for Therapeutic Intervention in Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1806-1822. [PMID: 38713437 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04146-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke presents a global health challenge, necessitating an in-depth comprehension of its pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies. While reperfusion therapy salvages brain tissue, it also triggers detrimental cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). In our investigation, we observed the activation of nuclear receptor coactivator 4 (NCOA4)-mediated ferritinophagy in an oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) model using HT22 cells (P < 0.05). This activation contributed to oxidative stress (P < 0.05), enhanced autophagy (P < 0.05) and cell death (P < 0.05) during CIRI. Silencing NCOA4 effectively mitigated OGD/R-induced damage (P < 0.05). These findings suggested that targeting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy held promise for preventing and treating CIRI. Subsequently, we substantiated the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway effectively regulated the NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy, by applying the cGAS inhibitor RU.521 and performing NCOA4 overexpression (P < 0.05). Suppressing the cGAS-STING pathway efficiently curtailed ferritinophagy (P < 0.05), oxidative stress (P < 0.05), and cell damage (P < 0.05) of CIRI, while NCOA4 overexpression could alleviate this effect (P < 0.05). Finally, we elucidated the specific molecular mechanism underlying the protective effect of the iron chelator deferoxamine (DFO) on CIRI. Our findings revealed that DFO alleviated hypoxia-reoxygenation injury in HT22 cells through inhibiting NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy and reducing ferrous ion levels (P < 0.05). However, the protective effects of DFO were counteracted by cGAS overexpression (P < 0.05). In summary, our results indicated that the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway intensified cerebral damage during CIRI by inducing NCOA4-mediated ferritinophagy. Administering the iron chelator DFO effectively attenuated NCOA4-induced ferritinophagy, thereby alleviating CIRI. Nevertheless, the role of the cGAS-STING pathway in CIRI regulation likely involves intricate mechanisms, necessitating further validation in subsequent investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Yanan Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xue Qi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Wenqin Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Skin Medical Cosmetology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Wenwei Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China.
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Fan Z, Wang X, Cheng H, Pan M. VRK1 promotes DNA-induced type I interferon production. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:453. [PMID: 38536553 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type I interferons (IFNs) are an essential class of cytokines with antitumor, antiviral and immunoregulatory effects. However, over-productive the type I IFNs are tightly associated with autoimmune disorders. Thus, the induction of type I interferons is precisely regulated to maintain immune hemostasis. This study aimed to identify a novel regulator of type I interferon signaling. METHODS AND RESULTS Primary BMDMs, isolated from mice, and human cell lines (HEK293 cells, Hela cells) and murine cell line (MEF cells) were cultured to generate in vitro models. After knockdown VRK1, real-time PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay were performed to determine the expression level of the type I IFNs and ISGs following HTDNA and Poly (dA:dT) stimulation. Additionally, cells were treated with the VRK1 inhibitor, and the impact of VRK1 inhibition was detected. Upon HTDNA and Poly (dA:dT) stimulation, knockdown of VRK1 attenuated the induction of the type I IFNs and ISGs. Consistently, VRK-IN-1, a potent and selective VRK1 inhibitor, significantly suppressed the induction of the type I IFNs and ISGs in human and murine cell lines. Further, VRK-IN-1 inhibited induction of the type I IFNs in mouse primary BMDMs. Intriguingly, VRK1 potentiated the cGAS-STING- IFN-I axis response at STING level. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals a novel function of VRK1 in regulating the production of type I IFNs. VRK-IN-1 might be a potential lead compound for suppressing aberrant type I IFNs in autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhechen Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiong Wang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Mingyu Pan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Pan M, Hu T, Lyu J, Yin Y, Sun J, Wang Q, Xu L, Hu H, Wang C. CSNK1A1/CK1α suppresses autoimmunity by restraining the CGAS-STING1 signaling. Autophagy 2024; 20:311-328. [PMID: 37723657 PMCID: PMC10813568 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2256135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
STING1 (stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1) is the quintessential protein in the CGAS-STING1 signaling pathway, crucial for the induction of type I IFN (interferon) production and eliciting innate immunity. Nevertheless, the overactivation or sustained activation of STING1 has been closely associated with the onset of autoimmune disorders. Notably, the majority of these disorders manifest as an upregulated expression of type I interferons and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Hence, strict regulation of STING1 activity is paramount to preserve immune homeostasis. Here, we reported that CSNK1A1/CK1α, a serine/threonine protein kinase, was essential to prevent the overactivation of STING1-mediated type I IFN signaling through autophagic degradation of STING1. Mechanistically, CSNK1A1 interacted with STING1 upon the CGAS-STING1 pathway activation and promoted STING1 autophagic degradation by enhancing the phosphorylation of SQSTM1/p62 at serine 351 (serine 349 in human), which was critical for SQSTM1-mediated STING1 autophagic degradation. Consistently, SSTC3, a selective CSNK1A1 agonist, significantly attenuated the response of the CGAS-STING1 signaling by promoting STING1 autophagic degradation. Importantly, pharmacological activation of CSNK1A1 using SSTC3 markedly repressed the systemic autoinflammatory responses in the trex1-/- mouse autoimmune disease model and effectively suppressed the production of IFNs and ISGs in the PBMCs of SLE patients. Taken together, our study reveals a novel regulatory role of CSNK1A1 in the autophagic degradation of STING1 to maintain immune homeostasis. Manipulating CSNK1A1 through SSTC3 might be a potential therapeutic strategy for alleviating STING1-mediated aberrant type I IFNs in autoimmune diseases.Abbreviations: BMDMs: bone marrow-derived macrophages; cGAMP: cyclic GMP-AMP; CGAS: cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; HTDNA: herring testes DNA; IFIT1: interferon induced protein with tetratricopeptide repeats 1; IFNA4: interferon alpha 4; IFNB: interferon beta; IRF3: interferon regulatory factor 3; ISD: interferon stimulatory DNA; ISGs: IFN-stimulated genes; MEFs: mouse embryonic fibroblasts; PBMCs: peripheral blood mononuclear cells; RSAD2: radical S-adenosyl methionine domain containing 2; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; STING1: stimulator of interferon response cGAMP interactor 1; TBK1: TANK binding kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyu Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Biomedical Science, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tongyu Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiao Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Quanyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingxiao Xu
- Department of Rheumatology, The affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
- Department of Rheumatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Haiyang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zou S, Wang B, Yi K, Su D, Chen Y, Li N, Geng Q. The critical roles of STING in mitochondrial homeostasis. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:115938. [PMID: 38086488 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a crucial signaling hub in the immune system's antiviral and antimicrobial defense by detecting exogenous and endogenous DNA. The multifaceted functions of STING have been uncovered gradually during past decades, including homeostasis maintenance and overfull immunity or inflammation induction. However, the subcellular regulation of STING and mitochondria is poorly understood. The main functions of STING are outlined in this review. Moreover, we discuss how mitochondria and STING interact through multiple mechanisms, including the release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), modulation of mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) and mitochondrial dynamics, alterations in mitochondrial metabolism, regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and mitochondria-related cell death. Finally, we discuss how STING is crucial to disease development, providing a novel perspective on its role in cellular physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shishi Zou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, 430060, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, 430060, China
| | - Ke Yi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, 430060, China
| | - Dandan Su
- Department of Neurology, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, 430060, China
| | - Yukai Chen
- Department of Oncology, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, 430060, China
| | - Ning Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, 430060, China.
| | - Qing Geng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Wuhan University Renmin Hospital, 430060, China.
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Lim S, Jung HR, Lee H, Chu Y, Kim H, Kim E, Lee S. Microtubule-destabilizing agents enhance STING-mediated innate immune response via biased mechanism in human monocyte cells. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115883. [PMID: 37979373 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The stimulator of the interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway acts as a primary defense system against DNA pathogens. Because of the crucial role of STING in type I interferon (IFN) response and innate immunity, extensive research has been conducted to elucidate the roles of various effector molecules involved in STING-mediated signal transduction. However, despite the substantial contribution of microtubules to the immune system, the association between the STING signaling pathway and microtubules remains unclear. In this study, we revealed that the modulation of STING via microtubule-destabilizing agents (MDAs) specifically induced type I IFN responses rather than inflammatory responses in human monocytes. Co-treatment of MDAs with STING agonists induced the elevation of phospho-TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1), amplifying the innate immune response. However, during the deficiency of TBK1, the non-canonical signaling pathway through nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) contributed to MDA-induced STING activation in type I IFN response which suggested the versatile regulation of MDA in STING-mediated immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songhyun Lim
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Hee Ra Jung
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Hyelim Lee
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea
| | - Yeonjeong Chu
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, South Korea
| | - Eunha Kim
- Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Sanghee Lee
- Center for Brain Disorders, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, South Korea; Department of HY-KIST Bio-convergence, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, South Korea.
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Wen J, Mu W, Li H, Yan Y, Zhan X, Luo W, Wang Z, Kan W, Zhao J, Hui S, He P, Qin S, Xu Y, Zhang P, Xiao X, Xu G, Bai Z. Glabridin improves autoimmune disease in Trex1-deficient mice by reducing type I interferon production. Mol Med 2023; 29:167. [PMID: 38066431 PMCID: PMC10709943 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00754-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cGAS-STING signaling pathway is an essential section of the natural immune system. In recent years, an increasing number of studies have shown a strong link between abnormal activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, a natural immune pathway mediated by the nucleic acid receptor cGAS, and the development and progression of autoimmune diseases. Therefore, it is important to identify an effective compound to specifically downregulate this pathway for disease. METHODS The effect of Glabridin (Glab) was investigated in BMDMs and Peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) by establishing an in vitro model of cGAS-STING signaling pathway activation. An activation model stimulated by DMXAA was also established in mice to study the effect of Glab. On the other hand, we investigated the possible mechanism of action of Glab and the effect of Glab on Trex1-deficient mice. RESULTS In this research, we report that Glab, a major component of licorice, specifically inhibits the cGAS-STING signaling pathway by inhibiting the level of type I interferon and inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α). In addition, Glab has a therapeutic effect on innate immune diseases caused by abnormal cytoplasmic DNA in Trex1-deficient mice. Mechanistically, Glab can specifically inhibit the interaction of STING with IRF3. CONCLUSION Glab is a specific inhibitor of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and may be used in the clinical therapy of cGAS-STING pathway-mediated autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincai Wen
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Wenqing Mu
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Institutes for Translational Medicine, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Yulu Yan
- Ningde Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhan
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Zhongxia Wang
- Nutrition Department of the Fifth Medical Center of the PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Wen Kan
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Jia Zhao
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Siwen Hui
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Ping He
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Shuanglin Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Xianning Medical College, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjie Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Medical Supplies Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Xiaohe Xiao
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Guang Xu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.
| | - Zhaofang Bai
- Department of Hepatology, The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
- Fifth Medical Center of Chinese, China Military Institute of Chinese Materia, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100039, China.
- National Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases, Beijing, 100005, China.
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7
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Jiang S, Lv M, Zhang D, Cao Q, Xia N, Luo J, Zheng W, Chen N, Meurens F, Zhu J. The Chicken cGAS-STING Pathway Exerts Interferon-Independent Antiviral Function via Cell Apoptosis. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2573. [PMID: 37627364 PMCID: PMC10451998 DOI: 10.3390/ani13162573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
It has been recently recognized that the DNA sensing innate immune cGAS-STING pathway exerts an IFN-independent antiviral function; however, whether and how chicken STING (chSTING) exerts such an IFN-independent antiviral activity is still unknown. Here, we showed that chSTING exerts an antiviral activity in HEK293 cells and chicken cells, independent of IFN production. chSTING was able to trigger cell apoptosis and autophagy independently of IFN, and the apoptosis inhibitors, rather than autophagy inhibitors, could antagonize the antiviral function of chSTING, suggesting the involvement of apoptosis in IFN-independent antiviral function. In addition, chSTING lost its antiviral function in IRF7-knockout chicken macrophages, indicating that IRF7 is not only essential for the production of IFN, but also participates in the other activities of chSTING, such as the apoptosis. Collectively, our results showed that chSTING exerts an antiviral function independent of IFN, likely via apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Jiang
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.J.); (M.L.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (N.X.); (J.L.); (W.Z.); (N.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mengjia Lv
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.J.); (M.L.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (N.X.); (J.L.); (W.Z.); (N.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Desheng Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.J.); (M.L.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (N.X.); (J.L.); (W.Z.); (N.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Qi Cao
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.J.); (M.L.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (N.X.); (J.L.); (W.Z.); (N.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Nengwen Xia
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.J.); (M.L.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (N.X.); (J.L.); (W.Z.); (N.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.J.); (M.L.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (N.X.); (J.L.); (W.Z.); (N.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wanglong Zheng
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.J.); (M.L.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (N.X.); (J.L.); (W.Z.); (N.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Nanhua Chen
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.J.); (M.L.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (N.X.); (J.L.); (W.Z.); (N.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - François Meurens
- Swine and Poultry Infectious Diseases Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, St. Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada;
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada
| | - Jianzhong Zhu
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (S.J.); (M.L.); (D.Z.); (Q.C.); (N.X.); (J.L.); (W.Z.); (N.C.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Xie T, Feng M, Zhang X, Li X, Mo G, Shi M, Zhang X. Chicken CH25H inhibits ALV-J replication by promoting cellular autophagy. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1093289. [PMID: 36875122 PMCID: PMC9975585 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1093289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays an important role in host antiviral defense. The avian leukosis virus subgroup J (ALV-J) has been shown to inhibit autophagy while promoting viral replication. The underlying autophagic mechanisms, however, are unknown. Cholesterol 25-hydroxylase (CH25H) is a conserved interferon-stimulated gene, which converts cholesterol to a soluble antiviral factor, 25-hydroxycholesterol (25HC). In this study, we further investigated the autophagic mechanism of CH25H resistance to ALV-J in chicken embryonic fibroblast cell lines (DF1). Our results found that overexpression of CH25H and treatment with 25HC promoted the autophagic markers microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 II (LC3II) and autophagy-related gene 5(ATG5), while decreased autophagy substrate p62/SQSTM1 (p62) expression in ALV-J infection DF-1 cells. Induction of cellular autophagy also reduces the levels of ALV-J gp85 and p27. ALV-J infection, on the other hand, suppresses autophagic marker protein LC3II expression. These findings suggest that CH25H-induced autophagy is a host defense mechanism that aids in ALV-J replication inhibition. In particular, CH25H interacts with CHMP4B and inhibits ALV-J infection in DF-1 cells by promoting autophagy, revealing a novel mechanism by which CH25H inhibits ALV-J infection. Although the underlying mechanisms are not completely understood, CH25H and 25HC are the first to show inhibiting ALV-J infection via autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Xie
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoqi Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guodong Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiqing Shi
- Division of Immunology, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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9
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How the Innate Immune DNA Sensing cGAS-STING Pathway Is Involved in Apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24033029. [PMID: 36769349 PMCID: PMC9917431 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24033029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The cGAS-STING signaling axis can be activated by cytosolic DNA, including both non-self DNA and self DNA. This axis is used by the innate immune system to monitor invading pathogens and/or damage. Increasing evidence has suggested that the cGAS-STING pathway not only facilitates inflammatory responses and the production of type I interferons (IFN), but also activates other cellular processes, such as apoptosis. Recently, many studies have focused on analyzing the mechanisms of apoptosis induced by the cGAS-STING pathway and their consequences. This review gives a detailed account of the interplay between the cGAS-STING pathway and apoptosis. The cGAS-STING pathway can induce apoptosis through ER stress, NLRP3, NF-κB, IRF3, and IFN signals. Conversely, apoptosis can feed back to regulate the cGAS-STING pathway, suppressing it via the activation of caspases or promoting it via mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) release. Apoptosis mediated by the cGAS-STING pathway plays crucial roles in balancing innate immune responses, resisting infections, and limiting tumor growth.
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10
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Zhang T, Hu C, Zhang W, Ruan Y, Ma Y, Chen D, Huang Y, Fan S, Lin W, Huang Y, Liao K, Lu H, Xu JF, Pi J, Guo X. Advances of MnO 2 nanomaterials as novel agonists for the development of cGAS-STING-mediated therapeutics. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1156239. [PMID: 37153576 PMCID: PMC10154562 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1156239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
As an essential micronutrient, manganese plays an important role in the physiological process and immune process. In recent decades, cGAS-STING pathway, which can congenitally recognize exogenous and endogenous DNA for activation, has been widely reported to play critical roles in the innate immunity against some important diseases, such as infections and tumor. Manganese ion (Mn2+) has been recently proved to specifically bind with cGAS and activate cGAS-STING pathway as a potential cGAS agonist, however, is significantly restricted by the low stability of Mn2+ for further medical application. As one of the most stable forms of manganese, manganese dioxide (MnO2) nanomaterials have been reported to show multiple promising functions, such as drug delivery, anti-tumor and anti-infection activities. More importantly, MnO2 nanomaterials are also found to be a potential candidate as cGAS agonist by transforming into Mn2+, which indicates their potential for cGAS-STING regulations in different diseased conditions. In this review, we introduced the methods for the preparation of MnO2 nanomaterials as well as their biological activities. Moreover, we emphatically introduced the cGAS-STING pathway and discussed the detailed mechanisms of MnO2 nanomaterials for cGAS activation by converting into Mn2+. And we also discussed the application of MnO2 nanomaterials for disease treatment by regulating cGAS-STING pathway, which might benefit the future development of novel cGAS-STING targeted treatments based on MnO2 nanoplatforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tangxin Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Chunmiao Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yongdui Ruan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuhe Ma
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Dongsheng Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yuhe Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Shuhao Fan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Wensen Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Yifan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Kangsheng Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Hongemi Lu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Jun-Fa Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-Fa Xu, ; Jiang Pi, ; Xinrong Guo,
| | - Jiang Pi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medical Technology, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-Fa Xu, ; Jiang Pi, ; Xinrong Guo,
| | - Xinrong Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
- *Correspondence: Jun-Fa Xu, ; Jiang Pi, ; Xinrong Guo,
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11
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Ding J, Dai Y, Zhu J, Fan X, Zhang H, Tang B. Research advances in cGAS-stimulator of interferon genes pathway and central nervous system diseases: Focus on new therapeutic approaches. Front Mol Neurosci 2022; 15:1050837. [PMID: 36618820 PMCID: PMC9817143 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2022.1050837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), a crucial innate immune sensor, recognizes cytosolic DNA and induces stimulator of interferon genes (STING) to produce type I interferon and other proinflammatory cytokines, thereby mediating innate immune signaling. The cGAS-STING pathway is involved in the regulation of infectious diseases, anti-tumor immunity, and autoimmune diseases; in addition, it plays a key role in the development of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Therapeutics targeting the modulation of cGAS-STING have promising clinical applications. Here, we summarize the cGAS-STING signaling mechanism and the recent research on its role in CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Ding
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijie Dai
- The Fourth School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuemei Fan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Hao Zhang,
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China,Bo Tang,
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12
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The Porcine Cyclic GMP-AMP Synthase-STING Pathway Exerts an Unusual Antiviral Function Independent of Interferon and Autophagy. J Virol 2022; 96:e0147622. [PMID: 36377876 PMCID: PMC9749457 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01476-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune DNA-sensing cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon (IFN) gene (STING) pathway exerts strong antiviral activity through downstream IFN production; however, it has been recently recognized that an IFN-independent activity of STING also plays an important role in antiviral functions. Nevertheless, the IFN-independent antiviral activity of STING is not fully understood. Here, we showed that porcine STING (pSTING) played a critical role against herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) infections, and IFN-defective mutants, including pSTING pLxIS sub, S365A, and △CTT, all exhibited similar antiviral functions, compared to wild-type (WT) pSTING. Furthermore, all of these IFN-defective pSTING mutants possessed comparable autophagy activity, relative to WT pSTING, as expected. From pSTING WT, S365A, and △CTT, the residues responsible for autophagy, including L333A/R334A, Y167A/L170A, and Y245A/L248A, were mutated. Surprisingly, all of these autophagy-defective pSTING mutants still resisted the two viral infections, demonstrating that the pSTING antiviral function is independent of IFN as well as autophagy. On the other hand, all of the autophagy-defective pSTING mutants triggered cell apoptosis, which was associated with and participated in the antiviral functions. Additionally, pSTING lost its antiviral activity in TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1)-/- and IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3)-/- porcine macrophages, indicating the involvement of TBK1 and IRF3 in other STING activities such as apoptosis. Collectively, our results revealed that STING exerts both IFN- and autophagy-independent antiviral activity, and they also suggested that STING-triggered cell apoptosis resists viral infections. IMPORTANCE The IFN-independent antiviral function of the cGAS-STING pathway has attracted great attention in recent years; however, the nature of this IFN-independent antiviral function is unknown, although STING-induced autophagy has been shown to mediate the STING antiviral activity. First, we analyzed the antiviral activity through the porcine cGAS-pSTING pathway and established that pSTING signaling exerts an IFN-independent antiviral function. Second, we found that pSTING-induced IFN-independent autophagy and the antiviral activity of pSTING are independent of both IFN and autophagy. Finally, pSTING signaling activates cell apoptosis independently of IFN and autophagy, and the apoptosis is associated with antiviral activity. Our results suggest that pSTING-activated apoptosis at least partially mediates the antiviral activity or multiple pSTING-activated signals, including IFN production, nuclear factor κ light chain enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) expression, autophagy, and apoptosis, exert a redundant antiviral role. Thus, the work reveals a new layer of complexity in STING antiviral activity.
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13
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Xia N, Zheng W, Jiang S, Cao Q, Luo J, Zhang J, Xu Y, Sun S, Zhang K, Chen N, Meurens F, Zhu J. Porcine cGAS-STING signaling induced autophagy inhibits STING downstream IFN and apoptosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1021384. [PMID: 36311807 PMCID: PMC9608012 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1021384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune DNA sensing cGAS-STING signaling pathway has been widely recognized for inducing interferons (IFNs) and subsequent antiviral state. In addition to IFN, the cGAS-STING pathway also elicits other cell autonomous immunity events including autophagy and apoptosis. However, the downstream signaling events of this DNA sensing pathway in livestock have not been well defined. Here, we systematically analyzed the porcine STING (pSTING) induced IFN, autophagy and apoptosis, revealed the distinct dynamics of three STING downstream events, and established the IFN independent inductions of autophagy and apoptosis. Further, we investigated the regulation of autophagy on pSTING induced IFN and apoptosis. Following TBK1-IRF3-IFN activation, STING induced Atg5/Atg16L1 dependent autophagy through LIR motifs. In turn, the autophagy likely promoted the pSTING degradation, inhibited both IFN production and apoptosis, and thus restored the cell homeostasis. Therefore, this study sheds lights on the molecular mechanisms of innate immunity in pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nengwen Xia
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wanglong Zheng
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Sen Jiang
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Qi Cao
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jia Luo
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jiajia Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yulin Xu
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shaohua Sun
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kaili Zhang
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Nanhua Chen
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - François Meurens
- Unit of Biology, Epidemiology and Risk Analysis in Animal Health (BIOEPAR), French National Institute for Agriculture, Food, and Environment (INRAE), Oniris, Nantes, France
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Jianzhong Zhu
- Comparative Medicine Research Institute, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jianzhong Zhu,
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14
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Zhang M, Zou Y, Zhou X, Zhou J. Inhibitory targeting cGAS-STING-TBK1 axis: Emerging strategies for autoimmune diseases therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954129. [PMID: 36172373 PMCID: PMC9511411 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The cGAS-STING signaling plays an integral role in the host immune response, and the abnormal activation of cGAS-STING is highly related to various autoimmune diseases. Therefore, targeting the cGAS-STING-TBK1 axis has become a promising strategy in therapy of autoimmune diseases. Herein, we summarized the key pathways mediated by the cGAS-STING-TBK1 axis and various cGAS-STING-TBK1 related autoimmune diseases, as well as the recent development of cGAS, STING, or TBK1 selective inhibitors and their potential application in therapy of cGAS-STING-TBK1 related autoimmune diseases. Overall, the review highlights that inhibiting cGAS-STING-TBK1 signaling is an attractive strategy for autoimmune disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Drug development and innovation center, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Yan Zou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Drug development and innovation center, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Xujun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Drug development and innovation center, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
| | - Jinming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- Drug development and innovation center, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- *Correspondence: Jinming Zhou,
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15
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Flavonoids Enhance Lipofection Efficiency and Ameliorate Cytotoxicity in Colon26 and HepG2 Cells via Oxidative Stress Regulation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14061203. [PMID: 35745776 PMCID: PMC9231055 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14061203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can affect cationic liposome-mediated transfection. In this study, we focused on a specific class of antioxidants, flavonoids, to investigate the transfection efficiency using cationic liposome/plasmid DNA complexes (lipoplexes) in 2D and 3D cultures of Colon26 and HepG2 cells, respectively. All tested flavonoids enhanced the transfection efficiency in 2D Colon26 and HepG2 cells. Among the tested flavonoids, 25 µM quercetin showed the highest promotion effect of 8.4- and 7.6-folds in 2D Colon26 and HepG2 cells, respectively. Transfection was also performed in 3D cultures of Colon26 and HepG2 cells using lipoplexes with quercetin. Quercetin (12.5 µM) showed the highest transfection efficiency at all transfection timings in 3D Colon26 and HepG2 cells with increased cell viability. Flow cytometry revealed that quercetin treatment reduced the population of gene expression-negative cells with high ROS levels and increased the number of gene expression-positive cells with low ROS levels in HepG2 cells. Information from this study can be valuable to develop strategies to promote transfection efficiency and attenuate cytotoxicity using lipoplexes.
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