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Khan A, Tian R, Bean SR, Yerka M, Jiao Y. Transcriptome and metabolome analyses reveal regulatory networks associated with nutrition synthesis in sorghum seeds. Commun Biol 2024; 7:841. [PMID: 38987396 PMCID: PMC11237005 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Cereal seeds are vital for food, feed, and agricultural sustainability because they store and provide essential nutrients to human and animal food and feed systems. Unraveling molecular processes in seed development is crucial for enhancing cereal grain yield and quality. We analyze spatiotemporal transcriptome and metabolome profiles during sorghum seed development in the inbred line 'BTx623'. Morphological and molecular analyses identify the key stages of seed maturation, specifying starch biosynthesis onset at 5 days post-anthesis (dpa) and protein at 10 dpa. Transcriptome profiling from 1 to 25 dpa reveal dynamic gene expression pathways, shifting from cellular growth and embryo development (1-5 dpa) to cell division, fatty acid biosynthesis (5-25 dpa), and seed storage compounds synthesis in the endosperm (5-25 dpa). Network analysis identifies 361 and 207 hub genes linked to starch and protein synthesis in the endosperm, respectively, which will help breeders enhance sorghum grain quality. The availability of this data in the sorghum reference genome line establishes a baseline for future studies as new pangenomes emerge, which will consider copy number and presence-absence variation in functional food traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adil Khan
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Ran Tian
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA
| | - Scott R Bean
- Grain Quality and Structure Research Unit, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, USDA-ARS, 1515 College Ave, Manhattan, KS, 66502, USA
| | - Melinda Yerka
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary & Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada-Reno, Reno, NV, 89557, USA
| | - Yinping Jiao
- Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance, Department of Plant and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, 79409, USA.
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2
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Sajeev N, Koornneef M, Bentsink L. A commitment for life: Decades of unraveling the molecular mechanisms behind seed dormancy and germination. THE PLANT CELL 2024; 36:1358-1376. [PMID: 38215009 PMCID: PMC11062444 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Seeds are unique time capsules that can switch between 2 complex and highly interlinked stages: seed dormancy and germination. Dormancy contributes to the survival of plants because it allows to delay germination to optimal conditions. The switch between dormancy and germination occurs in response to developmental and environmental cues. In this review we provide a comprehensive overview of studies that have helped to unravel the molecular mechanisms underlying dormancy and germination over the last decades. Genetic and physiological studies provided a strong foundation for this field of research and revealed the critical role of the plant hormones abscisic acid and gibberellins in the regulation of dormancy and germination, and later natural variation studies together with quantitative genetics identified previously unknown genetic components that control these processes. Omics technologies like transcriptome, proteome, and translatomics analysis allowed us to mechanistically dissect these processes and identify new components in the regulation of seed dormancy and germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sajeev
- Wageningen Seed Science Centre, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, 6708PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maarten Koornneef
- Laboratory of Genetics, Wageningen University, 6708PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Former Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Koeln 50829, Germany
| | - Leónie Bentsink
- Wageningen Seed Science Centre, Laboratory of Plant Physiology, Wageningen University, 6708PB Wageningen, the Netherlands
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3
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Bente H, Köhler C. Molecular basis and evolutionary drivers of endosperm-based hybridization barriers. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:155-169. [PMID: 38298124 PMCID: PMC11060687 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The endosperm, a transient seed tissue, plays a pivotal role in supporting embryo growth and germination. This unique feature sets flowering plants apart from gymnosperms, marking an evolutionary innovation in the world of seed-bearing plants. Nevertheless, the importance of the endosperm extends beyond its role in providing nutrients to the developing embryo by acting as a versatile protector, preventing hybridization events between distinct species and between individuals with different ploidy. This phenomenon centers on growth and differentiation of the endosperm and the speed at which both processes unfold. Emerging studies underscore the important role played by type I MADS-box transcription factors, including the paternally expressed gene PHERES1. These factors, along with downstream signaling pathways involving auxin and abscisic acid, are instrumental in regulating endosperm development and, consequently, the establishment of hybridization barriers. Moreover, mutations in various epigenetic regulators mitigate these barriers, unveiling a complex interplay of pathways involved in their formation. In this review, we discuss the molecular underpinnings of endosperm-based hybridization barriers and their evolutionary drivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinrich Bente
- Department of Plant Reproductive Biology and Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam 14476, Germany
| | - Claudia Köhler
- Department of Plant Reproductive Biology and Epigenetics, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam 14476, Germany
- Department of Plant Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala 75007, Sweden
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4
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Garg R, Mahato H, Choudhury U, Thakur RS, Debnath P, Ansari NG, Sane VA, Sane AP. The tomato EAR-motif repressor, SlERF36, accelerates growth transitions and reduces plant life cycle by regulating GA levels and responses. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:848-862. [PMID: 38127946 PMCID: PMC10955490 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Faster vegetative growth and early maturity/harvest reduce plant life cycle time and are important agricultural traits facilitating early crop rotation. GA is a key hormone governing developmental transitions that determine growth speed in plants. An EAR-motif repressor, SlERF36 that regulates various growth transitions, partly through regulation of the GA pathway and GA levels, was identified in tomato. Suppression of SlERF36 delayed germination, slowed down organ growth and delayed the onset of flowering time, fruit harvest and whole-plant senescence by 10-15 days. Its over-expression promoted faster growth by accelerating all these transitions besides increasing organ expansion and plant height substantially. The plant life cycle and fruit harvest were completed 20-30 days earlier than control without affecting yield, in glasshouse as well as net-house conditions, across seasons and generations. These changes in life cycle were associated with reciprocal changes in expression of GA pathway genes and basal GA levels between suppression and over-expression lines. SlERF36 interacted with the promoters of two GA2 oxidase genes, SlGA2ox3 and SlGA2ox4, and the DELLA gene, SlDELLA, reducing their transcription and causing a 3-5-fold increase in basal GA3/GA4 levels. Its suppression increased SlGA2ox3/4 transcript levels and reduced GA3/GA4 levels by 30%-50%. SlERF36 is conserved across families making it an important candidate in agricultural and horticultural crops for manipulation of plant growth and developmental transitions to reduce life cycles for faster harvest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Garg
- Plant Gene Expression LabCSIR‐National Botanical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)LucknowIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
| | - Hrishikesh Mahato
- Plant Gene Expression LabCSIR‐National Botanical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)LucknowIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
| | - Upasana Choudhury
- Plant Gene Expression LabCSIR‐National Botanical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)LucknowIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
| | - Ravindra S. Thakur
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR‐IITR)LucknowIndia
| | - Pratima Debnath
- Plant Gene Expression LabCSIR‐National Botanical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)LucknowIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
| | - Nasreen G. Ansari
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Regulatory Toxicology GroupCSIR‐Indian Institute of Toxicology Research (CSIR‐IITR)LucknowIndia
| | - Vidhu A. Sane
- Plant Gene Expression LabCSIR‐National Botanical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)LucknowIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
| | - Aniruddha P. Sane
- Plant Gene Expression LabCSIR‐National Botanical Research Institute (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research)LucknowIndia
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR)GhaziabadIndia
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Zhang Y, Zeng Z, Hu H, Zhao M, Chen C, Ma X, Li G, Li J, Liu Y, Hao Y, Xu J, Xia R. MicroRNA482/2118 is lineage-specifically involved in gibberellin signalling via the regulation of GID1 expression by targeting noncoding PHAS genes and subsequently instigated phasiRNAs. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2024; 22:819-832. [PMID: 37966709 PMCID: PMC10955497 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.14226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA482/2118 (miR482/2118) is a 22-nt miRNA superfamily, with conserved functions in disease resistance and plant development. It usually instigates the production of phased small interfering RNAs (phasiRNAs) from its targets to expand or reinforce its silencing effect. Using a new high-quality reference genome sequence and comprehensive small RNA profiling, we characterized a newly evolved regulatory pathway of miR482/2118 in litchi. In this pathway, miR482/2118 cleaved a novel noncoding trans-acting gene (LcTASL1) and triggered phasiRNAs to regulate the expression of gibberellin (GA) receptor gene GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 (GID1) in trans; another trans-acting gene LcTASL2, targeted by LcTASL1-derived phasiRNAs, produced phasiRNAs as well to target LcGID1 to reinforce the silencing effect of LcTASL1. We found this miR482/2118-TASL-GID1 pathway was likely involved in fruit development, especially the seed development in litchi. In vivo construction of the miR482a-TASL-GID1 pathway in Arabidopsis could lead to defects in flower and silique development, analogous to the phenotype of gid1 mutants. Finally, we found that a GA-responsive transcription factor, LcGAMYB33, could regulate LcMIR482/2118 as a feedback mechanism of the sRNA-silencing pathway. Our results deciphered a lineage-specifically evolved regulatory module of miR482/2118, demonstrating the high dynamics of miR482/2118 function in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zaohai Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Huimin Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Minglei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chengjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xingshuai Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Guanliang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianguo Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yuanlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yanwei Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, College of HorticultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
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6
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Niu J, Xu M, Zong N, Sun J, Zhao L, Hui W. Ascorbic acid releases dormancy and promotes germination by an integrated regulation of abscisic acid and gibberellin in Pyrus betulifolia seeds. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14271. [PMID: 38566130 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Seed dormancy is an important life history state in which intact viable seeds delay or prevent germination under suitable conditions. Ascorbic acid (AsA) acts as a small molecule antioxidant, and breaking seed dormancy and promoting subsequent growth are among its numerous functions. In this study, a germination test using Pyrus betulifolia seeds treated with exogenous AsA or AsA synthesis inhibitor lycorine (Lyc) and water absorption was conducted. The results indicated that AsA released dormancy and increased germination and 20 mmol L-1 AsA promoted cell division, whereas Lyc reduced germination. Seed germination showed typical three phases of water absorption; and seeds at five key time points were sampled for transcriptome analysis. It revealed that multiple pathways were involved in breaking dormancy and promoting germination through transcriptome data, and 12 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to the metabolism and signal transduction of abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellins (GA) were verified by subsequent RT-qPCR. For metabolites, exogenous AsA increased endogenous AsA and GA3 but reduced ABA and the ABA/GA3 ratio. In addition, three genes regulating ABA synthesis were downregulated by AsA, while five genes mediating ABA degradation were upregulated. Taken together, AsA regulates the pathways associated with ABA and GA synthesis, catalysis, and signal transduction, with subsequent reduction in ABA and increase in GA and further the balance of ABA/GA, ultimately releasing dormancy and promoting germination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Niu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
- College of Grassland Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Mingzhen Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Na Zong
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Jia Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Lei Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
| | - Wei Hui
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, China
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7
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Zhu R, Gao N, Luo J, Shi W. Genome and Transcriptome Analysis of the Torreya grandis WRKY Gene Family during Seed Development. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:267. [PMID: 38540326 PMCID: PMC10970084 DOI: 10.3390/genes15030267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Torreya grandis, an economically significant evergreen tree species exclusive to subtropical China, is highly valued for its seeds. However, the seed development process of T. grandis remains relatively unexplored. Given the pivotal role WRKY transcription factors (TFs) play in coordinating diverse cellular and biological activities, as well as crucial signaling pathways essential for plant growth and development, and the lack of comprehensive investigation into their specific functions in T. grandis, our study investigated its genome and successfully isolated 78 WRKY genes and categorized them into three distinct clades. A conserved motif analysis unveiled the presence of the characteristic WRKY domain in each identified TgWRKY protein. The examination of gene structures revealed variable numbers of introns (ranging from zero to eight) and exons (ranging from one to nine) among TgWRKY genes. A chromosomal distribution analysis demonstrated the presence of TgWRKY across eight chromosomes in T. grandis. Tissue-specific expression profiling unveiled distinctive patterns of these 78 TgWRKY genes across various tissues. Remarkably, a co-expression analysis integrating RNA-seq data and morphological assessments pinpointed the pronounced expression of TgWRKY25 during the developmental stages of T. grandis seeds. Moreover, a KEGG enrichment analysis, focusing on genes correlated with TgWRKY25 expression, suggested its potential involvement in processes such as protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum, starch, and sucrose metabolism, thereby modulating seed development in T. grandis. These findings not only underscore the pivotal role of WRKY genes in T. grandis seed development but also pave the way for innovative breeding strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (R.Z.); (N.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Ning Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (R.Z.); (N.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiali Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (R.Z.); (N.G.); (J.L.)
| | - Wenhui Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (R.Z.); (N.G.); (J.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Bamboo Science and Technology, Zhejiang A&F University, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou 311300, China
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8
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Shabrangy A. Using Magnetic Fields to Enhance the Seed Germination, Growth, and Yield of Plants. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2788:375-395. [PMID: 38656526 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3782-1_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Geomagnetic field (GMF) protects living organisms on the Earth from the radiation coming from space along with other environmental factors during evolution, and it has affected the growth and development of plants. Many researchers have always been interested in investigating these effects in different aspects. In this chapter, we focus on the methods of using different types of magnetic fields (MFs) to investigate the dimensions of their biological effects on plants. The aim is to increase seed germination, growth characters, and yield of plants using the following methods: (1) Using MFs lower than GMF to study effects of GMF on the growth and yield of plants. (2) Using reversed magnetic fields (RMFs) lower than GMF to study its effects on the growth and development of plants during evolution. (3) Using static magnetic fields (SMFs) higher than GMF and reversed SMFs to study effects of the south (S) and north (N) magnetic pole on plants. (4) Using electromagnetic fields (EMFs) to increase and accelerate seed germination, growth, and yield of plants, and establish the status of plants against other environmental stresses. (5) Using magnetized water (MW) to improve plant seed germination, growth, and yield. (6) Using high gradient magnetic field (HGMF) to study magneto-tropism in plants. In this chapter, we recommend application of various types of MFs to study their biological effects on plants to improve crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azita Shabrangy
- Plant Functional Genomics Lab, Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria.
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9
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Pirredda M, Fañanás-Pueyo I, Oñate-Sánchez L, Mira S. Seed Longevity and Ageing: A Review on Physiological and Genetic Factors with an Emphasis on Hormonal Regulation. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:41. [PMID: 38202349 PMCID: PMC10780731 DOI: 10.3390/plants13010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Upon storage, seeds inevitably age and lose their viability over time, which determines their longevity. Longevity correlates with successful seed germination and enhancing this trait is of fundamental importance for long-term seed storage (germplasm conservation) and crop improvement. Seed longevity is governed by a complex interplay between genetic factors and environmental conditions experienced during seed development and after-ripening that will shape seed physiology. Several factors have been associated with seed ageing such as oxidative stress responses, DNA repair enzymes, and composition of seed layers. Phytohormones, mainly abscisic acid, auxins, and gibberellins, have also emerged as prominent endogenous regulators of seed longevity, and their study has provided new regulators of longevity. Gaining a thorough understanding of how hormonal signalling genes and pathways are integrated with downstream mechanisms related to seed longevity is essential for formulating strategies aimed at preserving seed quality and viability. A relevant aspect related to research in seed longevity is the existence of significant differences between results depending on the seed equilibrium relative humidity conditions used to study seed ageing. Hence, this review delves into the genetic, environmental and experimental factors affecting seed ageing and longevity, with a particular focus on their hormonal regulation. We also provide gene network models underlying hormone signalling aimed to help visualize their integration into seed longevity and ageing. We believe that the format used to present the information bolsters its value as a resource to support seed longevity research for seed conservation and crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Pirredda
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Iris Fañanás-Pueyo
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Luis Oñate-Sánchez
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Sara Mira
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Av. Puerta de Hierro 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid-Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria, Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain;
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10
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Muthusamy M, Son S, Park SR, Lee SI. Heat shock factor binding protein BrHSBP1 regulates seed and pod development in Brassica rapa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1232736. [PMID: 37719218 PMCID: PMC10499616 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1232736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant heat shock factor binding proteins (HSBPs) are well known for their implication in the negative regulation of heat stress response (HSR) pathways. Herein, we report on the hitherto unknown functions of HSBP1 in Brassica rapa (BrHSBP1). BrHBSP1 was found to be predominant in flower buds and young leaves, while its segmental duplicate, BrHSBP1-like, was abundant in green siliques. Exposure to abiotic stress conditions, such as heat, drought, cold, and H2O2, and to phytohormones was found to differentially regulate BrHSBP1. The activity of BrHSBP1-GFP fusion proteins revealed their cellular localization in nuclei and cytosols. Transgenic overexpression of BrHSBP1 (BrHSBP1OX) improved pod and seed sizes, while CRISPR-Cas BrHSBP1 knock-out mutants (Brhsbp1_KO) were associated with aborted seed and pod development. The transcriptomic signatures of BrHSBP1OX and Brhsbp1_KO lines revealed that 360 and 2381 genes, respectively, were differentially expressed (Log2FC≥2, padj<0.05) expressed relative to control lines. In particular, developmental processes, including plant reproductive structure development (RSD)-related genes, were relatively downregulated in Brhsbp1_KO. Furthermore, yeast two-hybrid assays confirmed that BrHSBP1 can physically bind to RSD and other genes. Taking the findings together, it is clear that BrHSBP1 is involved in seed development via the modulation of RSD genes. Our findings represent the addition of a new regulatory player in seed and pod development in B. rapa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Soo In Lee
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (NAS), Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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11
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Zhou Y, Zhao C, Du T, Li A, Qin Z, Zhang L, Dong S, Wang Q, Hou F. Overexpression of 9- cis-Epoxycarotenoid Dioxygenase Gene, IbNCED1, Negatively Regulates Plant Height in Transgenic Sweet Potato. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10421. [PMID: 37445599 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant height is one of the key agronomic traits for improving the yield of sweet potato. Phytohormones, especially gibberellins (GAs), are crucial to regulate plant height. The enzyme 9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) is the key enzyme for abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthesis signalling in higher plants. However, its role in regulating plant height has not been reported to date. Here, we cloned a new NCED gene, IbNCED1, from the sweet potato cultivar Jishu26. This gene encoded the 587-amino acid polypeptide containing an NCED superfamily domain. The expression level of IbNCED1 was highest in the stem and the old tissues in the in vitro-grown and field-grown Jishu26, respectively. The expression of IbNCED1 was induced by ABA and GA3. Overexpression of IbNCED1 promoted the accumulation of ABA and inhibited the content of active GA3 and plant height and affected the expression levels of genes involved in the GA metabolic pathway. Exogenous application of GA3 could rescue the dwarf phenotype. In conclusion, we suggest that IbNCED1 regulates plant height and development by controlling the ABA and GA signalling pathways in transgenic sweet potato.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Zhou
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Chunling Zhao
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Taifeng Du
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Aixian Li
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhen Qin
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Liming Zhang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Shunxu Dong
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qingmei Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Fuyun Hou
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
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12
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Shahwar D, Mushtaq Z, Mushtaq H, Alqarawi AA, Park Y, Alshahrani TS, Faizan S. Role of microbial inoculants as bio fertilizers for improving crop productivity: A review. Heliyon 2023; 9:e16134. [PMID: 37255980 PMCID: PMC10225898 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e16134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The world's population is increasing and is anticipated to spread 10 billion by 2050, and the issue of food security is becoming a global concern. To maintain global food security, it is essential to increase crop productivity under changing climatic conditions. Conventional agricultural practices frequently use artificial/chemical fertilizers to enhance crop productivity, but these have numerous negative effects on the environment and people's health. To address these issues, researchers have been concentrating on substitute crop fertilization methods for many years, and biofertilizers as a crucial part of agricultural practices are quickly gaining popularity all over the globe. Biofertilizers are living formulations made of indigenous plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) which are substantial, environment-friendly, and economical biofertilizers for amassing crop productivity by enhancing plant development either directly or indirectly, and are the renewable source of plant nutrients and sustainable agronomy. The review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge on microbial inoculants as biofertilizers, including their types, mechanisms of action, effects on crop productivity, challenges, and limitations associated with the use of microbial inoculants. In this review, we focused on the application of biofertilizers to agricultural fields in plant growth development by performing several activities like nitrogen fixation, siderophore production, phytohormone production, nutrient solubilization, and facilitating easy uptake by crop plants. Further, we discussed the indirect mechanism of PGPRs, in developing induced system resistance against pest and diseases, and as a biocontrol agent for phytopathogens. This review article presents a brief outline of the ideas and uses of microbial inoculants in improving crop productivity as well as a discussion of the challenges and limitations to use microbial inoculants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durre Shahwar
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, U.P., India
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Zeenat Mushtaq
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
| | - Humira Mushtaq
- Research and Training Center on Pollinators and Pollination Management Section, Division of Entomology, SKAUST, Kashmir, 190025, India
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Younghoon Park
- Plant Genomics and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Horticultural Bioscience, Pusan National University, Miryang, 50463, South Korea
| | - Thobayet S. Alshahrani
- Department of Plant Production, College of Food & Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahla Faizan
- Environmental Physiology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, India
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13
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Liu C, Li C, Bing H, Zhao J, Li L, Sun P, Li T, Du D, Zhao J, Wang X, Xiang W. Integrated Physiological, Transcriptomic, and Metabolomic Analysis Reveals the Mechanism of Guvermectin Promoting Seed Germination in Direct-Seeded Rice under Chilling Stress. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:7348-7358. [PMID: 37129443 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Rice direct seeding technology has been considered as a promising alternative to traditional transplanting because of its advantages in saving labor and water. However, the poor emergence and seedling growth caused by chill stress are the main bottlenecks in wide-scale adoption of direct-seeded rice in Heilongjiang Province, China. Here, we found that natural plant growth regulator guvermectin (GV) effectively improved rice seed germination and seedling growth under chilling stress. Results from 2 year field trials showed that seed-soaking with GV not only enhanced the emergence rate and seedling growth but also increased the panicle number per plant and grain number per panicle, resulting in 9.0 and 6.8% increase in the yield of direct-seeded rice, respectively. Integrative physiological, transcriptomic, and metabolomic assays revealed that GV promoted seed germination under chilling stress mainly by enhancing the activities of α-amylase and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase), increasing the contents of soluble sugar and soluble protein, improving the biosynthesis of glutathione and flavonoids, as well as activating gibberellin-responsive transcription factors and inhibiting the abscisic acid signaling pathway. These findings indicate that seed-soaking with GV has good potential to improve seedling establishment and yield of direct-seeded rice even under chilling stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Chenxu Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hui Bing
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lei Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Dandan Du
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Junlei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiangjing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wensheng Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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14
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Singh A, Roychoudhury A. Abscisic acid in plants under abiotic stress: crosstalk with major phytohormones. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2023; 42:961-974. [PMID: 37079058 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-023-03013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Extensive crosstalk exists among ABA and different phytohormones that modulate plant tolerance against different abiotic stress. Being sessile, plants are exposed to a wide range of abiotic stress (drought, heat, cold, salinity and metal toxicity) that exert unwarranted threat to plant life and drastically affect growth, development, metabolism, and yield of crops. To cope with such harsh conditions, plants have developed a wide range of protective phytohormones of which abscisic acid plays a pivotal role. It controls various physiological processes of plants such as leaf senescence, seed dormancy, stomatal closure, fruit ripening, and other stress-related functions. Under challenging situations, physiological responses of ABA manifested in the form of morphological, cytological, and anatomical alterations arise as a result of synergistic or antagonistic interaction with multiple phytohormones. This review provides new insight into ABA homeostasis and its perception and signaling crosstalk with other phytohormones at both molecular and physiological level under critical conditions including drought, salinity, heavy metal toxicity, and extreme temperature. The review also reveals the role of ABA in the regulation of various physiological processes via its positive or negative crosstalk with phytohormones, viz., gibberellin, melatonin, cytokinin, auxin, salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, brassinosteroids, and strigolactone in response to alteration of environmental conditions. This review forms a basis for designing of plants that will have an enhanced tolerance capability against different abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, St. Xavier's College (Autonomous), 30 Mother Teresa Sarani, Kolkata, 700016, West Bengal, India
| | - Aryadeep Roychoudhury
- Discipline of Life Sciences, School of Sciences, Indira Gandhi National Open University, Maidan Garhi, New Delhi, 110068, India.
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15
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Yang Z, Wang S, Wei L, Huang Y, Liu D, Jia Y, Luo C, Lin Y, Liang C, Hu Y, Dai C, Guo L, Zhou Y, Yang QY. BnIR: A multi-omics database with various tools for Brassica napus research and breeding. MOLECULAR PLANT 2023; 16:775-789. [PMID: 36919242 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In the post-genome-wide association study era, multi-omics techniques have shown great power and potential for candidate gene mining and functional genomics research. However, due to the lack of effective data integration and multi-omics analysis platforms, such techniques have not still been applied widely in rapeseed, an important oil crop worldwide. Here, we report a rapeseed multi-omics database (BnIR; http://yanglab.hzau.edu.cn/BnIR), which provides datasets of six omics including genomics, transcriptomics, variomics, epigenetics, phenomics, and metabolomics, as well as numerous "variation-gene expression-phenotype" associations by using multiple statistical methods. In addition, a series of multi-omics search and analysis tools are integrated to facilitate the browsing and application of these datasets. BnIR is the most comprehensive multi-omics database for rapeseed so far, and two case studies demonstrated its power to mine candidate genes associated with specific traits and analyze their potential regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiquan Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Shengbo Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Lulu Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yiming Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Dongxu Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yupeng Jia
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chengfang Luo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yuchen Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Congyuan Liang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yue Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Cheng Dai
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yongming Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Qing-Yong Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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16
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Xu W, Sato H, Bente H, Santos-González J, Köhler C. Endosperm cellularization failure induces a dehydration-stress response leading to embryo arrest. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:874-888. [PMID: 36427255 PMCID: PMC9940880 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The endosperm is a nutritive tissue supporting embryo growth in flowering plants. Most commonly, the endosperm initially develops as a coenocyte (multinucleate cell) and then cellularizes. This process of cellularization is frequently disrupted in hybrid seeds generated by crosses between different flowering plant species or plants that differ in ploidy, resulting in embryo arrest and seed lethality. The reason for embryo arrest upon cellularization failure remains unclear. In this study, we show that triploid Arabidopsis thaliana embryos surrounded by uncellularized endosperm mount an osmotic stress response that is connected to increased levels of abscisic acid (ABA) and enhanced ABA responses. Impairing ABA biosynthesis and signaling aggravated triploid seed abortion, while increasing endogenous ABA levels as well as the exogenous application of ABA-induced endosperm cellularization and suppressed embryo growth arrest. Taking these results together, we propose that endosperm cellularization is required to establish dehydration tolerance in the developing embryo, ensuring its survival during seed maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Xu
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences & Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Almas Allé 5, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hikaru Sato
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences & Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Almas Allé 5, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Heinrich Bente
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences & Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Almas Allé 5, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - Juan Santos-González
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences & Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Almas Allé 5, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Claudia Köhler
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences & Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Almas Allé 5, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
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17
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Ortiz-García P, González Ortega-Villaizán A, Onejeme FC, Müller M, Pollmann S. Do Opposites Attract? Auxin-Abscisic Acid Crosstalk: New Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043090. [PMID: 36834499 PMCID: PMC9960826 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Plants are constantly exposed to a variety of different environmental stresses, including drought, salinity, and elevated temperatures. These stress cues are assumed to intensify in the future driven by the global climate change scenario which we are currently experiencing. These stressors have largely detrimental effects on plant growth and development and, therefore, put global food security in jeopardy. For this reason, it is necessary to expand our understanding of the underlying mechanisms by which plants respond to abiotic stresses. Especially boosting our insight into the ways by which plants balance their growth and their defense programs appear to be of paramount importance, as this may lead to novel perspectives that can pave the way to increase agricultural productivity in a sustainable manner. In this review, our aim was to present a detailed overview of different facets of the crosstalk between the antagonistic plant hormones abscisic acid (ABA) and auxin, two phytohormones that are the main drivers of plant stress responses, on the one hand, and plant growth, on the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paloma Ortiz-García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Adrián González Ortega-Villaizán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francis Chukwuma Onejeme
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maren Müller
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.P.); Tel.: +34-934033718 (M.M.); +34-910679183 (S.P.)
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC), Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Campus de Montegancedo, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología-Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de Biosistemas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence: (M.M.); (S.P.); Tel.: +34-934033718 (M.M.); +34-910679183 (S.P.)
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18
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Al-Tammar FK, Khalifa AYZ. Plant growth promoting bacteria drive food security. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e267257. [PMID: 36515299 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.267257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The essence of food security centers on ensuring availability and accessibility of foods in adequate amounts and quality for all populations at all times for an active and healthy life. Microorganisms are tiny bioreactors, which represent sustainable resources and promising approaches to bridging the gap between food production and consumption globally via various biotechnological applications. This review focuses on plant-growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) which exert their potential impacts on increasing soil fertility, plant growth, and productivity through a variety of processes, including direct, indirect, and synergistic mechanisms. PGPB plays a substantial role in accelerating nutrients' availability such as (N, P), producing phytohormones such as gibberellins, IAA, and bioactive compounds against biotic and abiotic stressors. Recent advances in PGPB will be addressed as a sustainable approach to satisfy global food demand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatimah K Al-Tammar
- King Faisal University, College of Science, Biological Sciences Department, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - A Y Z Khalifa
- King Faisal University, College of Science, Biological Sciences Department, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.,Beni-Suef University, Faculty of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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19
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Jiang L, Liu C, Fan Y, Wu Q, Ye X, Li Q, Wan Y, Sun Y, Zou L, Xiang D, Lv Z. Dynamic transcriptome analysis suggests the key genes regulating seed development and filling in Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum Garetn.). Front Genet 2022; 13:990412. [PMID: 36072657 PMCID: PMC9441574 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.990412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tartary buckwheat is highly attractive for the richness of nutrients and quality, yet post-embryonic seed abortion greatly halts the yield. Seed development is crucial for determining grain yield, whereas the molecular basis and regulatory network of Tartary buckwheat seed development and filling is not well understood at present. Here, we assessed the transcriptional dynamics of filling stage Tartary buckwheat seeds at three developmental stages by RNA sequencing. Among the 4249 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), genes related to seed development were identified. Specifically, 88 phytohormone biosynthesis signaling genes, 309 TFs, and 16 expansin genes participating in cell enlargement, 37 structural genes involved in starch biosynthesis represented significant variation and were candidate key seed development genes. Cis-element enrichment analysis indicated that the promoters of differentially expressed expansin genes and starch biosynthesis genes are rich of hormone-responsive (ABA-, AUX-, ET-, and JA-), and seed growth-related (MYB, MYC and WRKY) binding sites. The expansin DEGs showed strong correlations with DEGs in phytohormone pathways and transcription factors (TFs). In total, phytohormone ABA, AUX, ET, BR and CTK, and related TFs could substantially regulate seed development in Tartary buckwheat through targeting downstream expansin genes and structural starch biosynthetic genes. This transcriptome data could provide a theoretical basis for improving yield of Tartary buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangzhen Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Fan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueling Ye
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Wan
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanxia Sun
- College of Tourism and Culture Industry, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dabing Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, College of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Dabing Xiang, ; Zhibin Lv,
| | - Zhibin Lv
- Department of Medical Instruments and Information, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Dabing Xiang, ; Zhibin Lv,
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20
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Zhang Y, Li W, Zhang H, Wang S, Li X, Zaigham Abbas Naqvi SM, Hu J. Dual-functional SERRS and fluorescent aptamer sensor for abscisic acid detection via charged gold nanorods. Front Chem 2022; 10:965761. [PMID: 36046725 PMCID: PMC9420979 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.965761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a plant hormone, which plays an important role in plant growth, crop cultivation and modern agricultural engineering management. Accordingly, the detection of ABA content combined with new techniques and methods has become a more and more popular problem in the field of agricultural engineering. In this work, a SERRS and fluorescence dual-function sensor based on the fluorescence quenching and Raman enhancement properties of gold nanorods (AuNRs) was developed, and applied to the detection of plant hormone ABA. The dual-function reporter molecule Rhodamine isothiocyanate (RBITC) and complementary DNA (cDNA) were modified on AuNRs (AuNRs@RBITC@cDNA) as signal probes and aptamer modified magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4MNPs@Apt) as capture probes. Through the specific recognition of ABA aptamer and its complementary chains, an dual-function aptamer sensor based on SERRS and fluorescence was constructed. When ABA molecules were present in the detection system, the signal probes were detached from the capture probes due to the preferential binding between aptamer and ABA molecules. SERS signal of the reporter molecules appeared in the supernatant after magnetic separation, and it increased with the increase of ABA concentration. If the etching agent that can etch AuNRs was added to the supernatant, the AuNRs was etching disappeared, then the signal molecules fall off from the AuNRs, and the fluorescence signal intensity would recovered. The intensity of fluorescence signal also increased with the increase of ABA concentration. Thus, the quantitative relationship between ABA concentration and SERRS intensity and fluorescence intensity of signal molecules was established. The linear range of SERRS detection was 100 fM–0.1 nM, the detection limit was 38 fM; The linear range of fluorescence detection was 1 pM–100 nM, the detection limit is 0.33 p.m. The constructed dual-effect sensor was used in the recovery laboratory of real ABA samples, the recovery rate was up to 85–108%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Laser Technology in Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Li
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Laser Technology in Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Laser Technology in Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shun Wang
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Laser Technology in Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Laser Technology in Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Syed Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Naqvi
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Laser Technology in Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jiandong Hu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Laser Technology in Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jiandong Hu,
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Advances in the Molecular Mechanisms of Abscisic Acid and Gibberellins Functions in Plants 2.0. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158524. [PMID: 35955659 PMCID: PMC9368775 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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