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Zheng J, He J, Li H. FAM19A5 in vascular aging and osteoporosis: Mechanisms and the "calcification paradox". Ageing Res Rev 2024; 99:102361. [PMID: 38821416 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Aging induces a progressive decline in the vasculature's structure and function. Vascular aging is a determinant factor for vascular ailments in the elderly. FAM19A5, a recently identified adipokine, has demonstrated involvement in multiple vascular aging-related pathologies, including atherosclerosis, cardio-cerebral vascular diseases and cognitive deficits. This review summarizes the current understanding of FAM19A5' role and explores its putative regulatory mechanisms in various aging-related disorders, including cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases and malignancies. Importantly, we provide novel insights into the underlying therapeutic value of FAM19A5 in osteoporosis. Finally, we outline future perspectives on the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of FAM19A5 in vascular aging-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zheng
- Department of Geriatrics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jieyu He
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Huahua Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Wang H, Liu Y, Cui M, Guo Z, Zhao Y, Yang J, Wu C. Pseudoginsenoside-F11 reduces cognitive impairment and white matter injury in vascular dementia by alleviating autophagy-lysosomal pathway deficiency. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 133:155883. [PMID: 39059268 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular dementia (VaD) resulting from chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) induces cognitive impairment and white matter injury (WMI). We previously found that CCH induces dysfunction of the autophagy-lysosomal pathway (ALP) in white matter (WM) of rats. Enhancing oligodendrocyte autophagy to counteract ALP deficiency is beneficial for cognitive recovery. Pseudogenoside-F11 (PF11), a saponin extracted from Panax quinquefolium l., provides neuroprotective benefits in many animal models of cerebral ischemia and dementia. PURPOSE To investigate how PF11 affects cognitive deterioration in rats with VaD induced by two vessel occlusion (2VO), and to determine if PF11 regulates ALP dysfunction in WM. METHODS CCH-related VaD was induced in rats using the 2VO method. PF11 (6, 12, 24 mg/kg, intragastric administration) was given continuously for 4 weeks postoperatively. Behavioral tests related to cognitive function were performed on the 28th day following 2VO. Transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence, western blotting and Luxol fast blue staining were used to assess the WMI and the mechanism of action of PF11 in 2VO-induced VaD. RESULTS PF11 (12 mg/kg) ameliorated 2VO-induced cognitive impairment. PF11 also alleviated WMI on the 28th day following 2VO, as characterized by reduction of neuronal axonal demyelination and axonal loss. Furthermore, PF11 prevented mature oligodendrocytes death by attenuating ALP deficiency in WM on the 14th day following 2VO, as manifested by enhancement of mechanistic target of rapamycin-mediated autophagy and lysosomal function, thereby reducing the aberrant accumulation of autophagy substrates and increasing the level of autophagosomes in WM. In addition, PF11 also prevented microglia and astrocytes from activating in WM on the 28th day following 2VO. CONCLUSION PF11 significantly ameliorates cognitive impairment and WMI, and the mechanism is at least partly related to lessening ALP dysfunction in WM by enhancing autophagy and reducing lysosomal defects in oligodendrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyang Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Yueyang Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Minghui Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Zhenkun Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China
| | - Jingyu Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
| | - Chunfu Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Box 31, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, 110016, PR China.
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E R, Wang Y. Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Improvement of Vascular Cognitive Impairment. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:1445-1451. [PMID: 39072312 PMCID: PMC11283790 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s465249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is acknowledged as a highly effective therapy for various neurological conditions, including refractory epilepsy, depression, Alzheimer's disease (AD), migraine, and stroke. Presently, there is an increasing focus on understanding the impact of VNS on cognitive aspects. Numerous studies suggest that VNS suppresses the body's inflammatory response, leading to enhanced cognitive function in patients. Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is a severe cognitive dysfunction syndrome resulting from prolonged chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH), where the primary pathogenesis is CCH-induced neuroinflammation. In this paper, we present a comprehensive overview of the research advancements in using VNS for treating VCI and discuss that VNS improves cognitive function in VCI patients by suppressing neuroinflammation, offering insights into a potential novel approach for addressing this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridengnaxi E
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People’s Hospital, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region People’s Hospital, Hohhot, People’s Republic of China
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Takayanagi Y, Kadoh Y, Sasaki J, Obana A, Tanito M. Association between Skin Carotenoid Levels and Cognitive Impairment Screened by Mini-Cog in Patients with Glaucoma. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:6940-6950. [PMID: 39057055 PMCID: PMC11275399 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46070413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids, having strong antioxidant properties, have been associated with neurodegenerative conditions like dementia and glaucoma, characterized by neuronal loss leading to cognitive and visual dysfunction. Therefore, carotenoids have attracted attention as factors predictive of the onset and progression of these neurodegenerative diseases. However, the impact of carotenoids on cognitive impairment and glaucomatous visual field defects remains unexplored. We conducted a retrospective, observational clinical study to investigate the association between skin carotenoid (SC) levels and cognitive impairment, as screened by the Mini-Cog test, in glaucoma patients. The study included 406 participants and 812 eyes were examined (average age: 69.7 ± 11.4 years; 228 men, 178 women) with various types of glaucoma: primary open angle (57.6%), exfoliation (18.6%), and other types (23.8%). SC levels were estimated via pressure-mediated reflection spectroscopy. Mixed-effects regression models were utilized to examine the relationship between SC levels, visual field defects, and Mini-Cog results. Of the participants, 28 (6.9%) tested positive on the Mini-Cog, suggesting cognitive impairment. The average SC level in the Mini-Cog positive group was significantly lower than in the negative group (269.5 ± 86.4 A.U. vs. 329.2 ± 120.4 A.U., respectively; p = 0.01). Additionally, the visual field mean deviation (MD) in the Mini-Cog positive group was notably worse than that in the negative group (-19.64 ± 9.07 dB vs. -12.46 ± 9.28 dB, respectively; p < 0.0001). The mixed-effects regression analysis revealed a significant association between Mini-Cog positivity and lower SC levels (p = 0.0006), although SC levels did not significantly correlate with MD (p = 0.3). Our findings suggest that cognitive impairment in glaucoma patients is associated with lower SC levels, underscoring the potential benefits of maintaining carotenoid levels to slow cognitive function decline. The protective role of carotenoids in glaucoma merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Takayanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Shimane, Japan; (Y.T.); (Y.K.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu 430-8558, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Yoichi Kadoh
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Shimane, Japan; (Y.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Junichi Sasaki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Shimane, Japan; (Y.T.); (Y.K.)
| | - Akira Obana
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu 430-8558, Shizuoka, Japan;
| | - Masaki Tanito
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Shimane University, Izumo 693-8501, Shimane, Japan; (Y.T.); (Y.K.)
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Li T, Li S, Xiong Y, Li X, Ma C, Guan Z, Yang L. Binary Nano-inhalant Formulation of Icariin Enhances Cognitive Function in Vascular Dementia via BDNF/TrkB Signaling and Anti-inflammatory Effects. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1720-1734. [PMID: 38520637 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) has a serious impact on the patients' quality of life. Icariin (Ica) possesses neuroprotective potential for treating VaD, yet its oral bioavailability and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability remain challenges. This research introduced a PEG-PLGA-loaded chitosan hydrogel-based binary formulation tailored for intranasal delivery, enhancing the intracerebral delivery efficacy of neuroprotective agents. The formulation underwent optimization to facilitate BBB crossing, with examinations conducted on its particle size, morphology, drug-loading capacity, in vitro release, and biodistribution. Using the bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) rat model, the therapeutic efficacy of this binary formulation was assessed against chitosan hydrogel and PEG-PLGA nanoparticles loaded with Ica. Post-intranasal administration, enhanced cognitive function was evident in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) rats. Further mechanistic evaluations, utilizing immunohistochemistry (IHC), RT-PCR, and ELISA, revealed augmented transcription of synaptic plasticity-associated proteins like SYP and PSD-95, and a marked reduction in hippocampal inflammatory markers such as IL-1β and TNF-α, highlighting the formulation's promise in alleviating cognitive impairment. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/tropomyosin related kinase B (TrkB) pathway was activated significantly in the binary formulation compared with the other two. Our study demonstrates that the intranasal application of chitosan hydrogel loaded with Ica-encapsulated PEG-PLGA could effectively deliver Ica into the brain and enhance its neuroprotective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tieshu Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuling Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Yin Xiong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jilin University, 1266 Fujin Road, Changchun, 130021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, 88 South Daxue Road, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun Ma
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiying Guan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihua Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, 1035 Boshuo Road, Changchun, 130117, People's Republic of China.
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Przepiórska-Drońska K, Wnuk A, Pietrzak-Wawrzyńska BA, Łach A, Biernat W, Wójtowicz AK, Kajta M. Amorfrutin B Compromises Hypoxia/Ischemia-induced Activation of Human Microglia in a PPARγ-dependent Manner: Effects on Inflammation, Proliferation Potential, and Mitochondrial Status. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2024; 19:34. [PMID: 38949694 PMCID: PMC11217078 DOI: 10.1007/s11481-024-10135-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Amorfrutin B is a selective PPARγ modulator that we demonstrated to be a promising neuroprotective compound in cellular models of stroke and perinatal asphyxia. Although neuronal mechanisms of amorfrutin B-evoked neuroprotection have been identified, none of them reflects the actions of the compound on microglia, which play a pivotal role in brain response to hypoxia/ischemia. Here, we provide evidence for amorfrutin B-induced effects on human microglia subjected to hypoxia/ischemia; the compound counteracts inflammation, and influences mitochondrial status and proliferation potential in a PPARγ-dependent manner. Post-treatment with amorfrutin B decreased the IBA1 fluorescence intensity, reduced caspase-1 activity, and downregulated IL1B/IL-1β and TNFA but not IL10/IL-10 expression, which was upregulated. Amorfrutin B also stimulated PPARγ signaling, as evidenced by increased mRNA and/or protein levels of PPARγ and PGC1α. In addition, amorfrutin B reversed the hypoxia/ischemia-evoked effects on mitochondria-related parameters, such as mitochondrial membrane potential, BCL2/BCL2 expression and metabolic activity, which were correlated with diminished proliferation potential of microglia. Interestingly, the inhibitory effect of amorfrutin B on the proliferation potential and mitochondrial function of microglia is opposite to the stimulatory effect of amorfrutin B on mouse neuronal survival, as evidenced by increased neuronal viability and reduced neurodegeneration. In summary, this study showed for the first time that amorfrutin B compromises hypoxia/ischemia-induced activation of human microglia in a PPARγ-dependent manner, which involves inhibiting inflammation, normalizing mitochondrial status, and controlling proliferation potential. These data extend the protective potential of amorfrutin B in the pharmacotherapy of hypoxic/ischemic brain injury, targeting not only neurons but also activated microglia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Przepiórska-Drońska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Epigenetics, Smetna Street 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wnuk
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Epigenetics, Smetna Street 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bernadeta Angelika Pietrzak-Wawrzyńska
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Epigenetics, Smetna Street 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Andrzej Łach
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Epigenetics, Smetna Street 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland
| | - Weronika Biernat
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Animal Biotechnology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Adama Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Katarzyna Wójtowicz
- Faculty of Animal Sciences, Department of Nutrition, Animal Biotechnology and Fisheries, University of Agriculture, Adama Mickiewicza 24/28, 30-059, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Kajta
- Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Neuropharmacology and Epigenetics, Smetna Street 12, 31-343, Krakow, Poland.
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Ma KT, Wu YJ, Yang YX, Wu T, Chen C, Peng F, Du JR, Peng C. A novel phthalein component ameliorates neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction by suppressing the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis in rats with vascular dementia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 328:118117. [PMID: 38548120 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chuanxiong, a plant of the Umbelliferae family, is a genuine medicinal herb from Sichuan Province. Phthalides are one of its main active components and exhibit good protective effect against cerebrovascular diseases. However, the mechanism by which phthalides exert neuroprotective effects is still largely unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we extracted a phthalein component (named as QBT) from Ligusticum Chuanxiong, and investigated its neuroprotective effects against vascular dementia (VaD) rats and the underlying mechanism, focusing on the chemokine 12 (CXCL12)/chemokine (C-X-C motif) receptor 4 (CXCR4) axis. METHODS A rat model of VaD was established, and treated with QBT. Cognitive dysfunction in VaD rats was assessed using the Y-maze, new object recognition, and Morris water maze tests. Neuronal damage and inflammatory response in VaD rats were examined through Nissl staining, immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunospecific assay, and western blotting analysis. Furthermore, the effects of QBT on CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and its downstream signaling pathways, Janus kinase 2 (JAK2)/signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), were investigated in VaD rats and BV2 microglial cells exposed to oxygen glucose deprivation. RESULTS QBT significantly alleviated cognitive dysfunction and neuronal damage in VaD rats, along with inhibition of VaD-induced over-activation of microglia and astrocytes and inflammatory response. Moreover, QBT exhibited anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis and its downstream JAK2/STAT3 and PI3K/AKT/NF-κB pathways, thereby attenuating the neuroinflammatory response both in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSION QBT effectively mitigated neuronal damage and cognitive dysfunction in VaD rats, exerting neuroprotective effects by suppressing neuroinflammatory response through inhibition of the CXCL12/CXCR4 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Ting Ma
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi-Jin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-Xin Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, West China School of Public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chu Chen
- Laboratory of Quality and Innovation Research of Chinese Materia Medica, Sichuan Academy of Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fu Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun-Rong Du
- Department of Pharmacology, Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Cheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Wang K, He L, Liu X, Wu M. Sodium p-perfluorinated noneoxybenzen sulfonate (OBS) induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish through mitochondrial dysfunction. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 362:142651. [PMID: 38901702 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Sodium p-perfluorous nonenoxybenzene sulfonate (OBS)-one of the main alternatives to perfluorooctane sulfonate-has been increasingly detected in both aquatic environments and human bodies. Therefore, the pathogenic risks of OBS exposure warrant attention, especially its central nervous system toxicity mechanism under long-term exposure. In this study, the effects and mechanisms of OBS on the zebrafish brain at 40 days post exposure were examined. The results demonstrated that at 3.2 μg/L, OBS had no significant effect on the zebrafish brain, but 32 μg/L OBS caused depression or poor social behavior in zebrafish and reduced both their memory and survival ability. These changes were accompanied by histological damage and cell apoptosis. Furthermore, OBS caused the accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species in the fish brain, leading to oxidative stress and subsequently cell apoptosis. Moreover, an imbalance of both inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, and NF-κB) and neurotransmitters (GABA and Glu) led to neuroinflammation. Additionally, 32 μg/L OBS induced decreases in mitochondrial membrane potential and Na+-K+-ATPase activity, leading to both mitochondrial structural damage and the emergence of mitochondrial autophagosomes, partly explaining the neurotoxicity of OBS. These results help to analyze the target sites and molecular mechanisms of OBS neurotoxicity and provide a basis for the scientific evaluation of its health risks to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu He
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengfei Wu
- Plant Protection College, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 100866, People's Republic of China
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Firdous SM, Khan SA, Maity A. Oxidative stress-mediated neuroinflammation in Alzheimer's disease. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03188-3. [PMID: 38832985 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03188-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are metabolic by-products that constitute an indispensable component of physiological processes, albeit their heightened presence may proffer substantial perils to biological entities. Such a proliferation gives rise to a gradual escalation of oxidative stress within the organism, thereby compromising mitochondrial functionality and inflicting harm upon various bodily systems, with a particular predilection for the central nervous system. In its nascent stages, it is plausible that inflammation has been a facilitator in the progression of the malady. The precise role of inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains somewhat enigmatic, although it is conceivable that activated microglia and astrocytes might be implicated in the removal of amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits. Nonetheless, prolonged microglial activation is associated with Tau phosphorylation and Aβ aggregation. Research studies have indicated that AD brains upregulate complementary molecules, inflammatory cytokines, acute phase reacting agents, and other inflammatory mediators that may cause neurodegeneration. In this review, oxidative damage products will be discussed as potential peripheral biomarkers for AD and its early stages. The disordered excretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, oxygen, and nitrogen-reactive species, along with the stimulation of the complement system by glial cells, has the potential to disrupt the functionality of neuronal termini. This perturbation, in turn, culminates in compromised synaptic function, a phenomenon empirically linked to the manifestation of cognitive impairments. The management of neurodegenerative conditions in the context of dementia necessitates therapeutic interventions that specifically target the excessive production of inflammatory and oxidative agents. Furthermore, we shall deliberate upon the function of microglia and oxidative injury in the etiology of AD and the ensuing neurodegenerative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Mohammed Firdous
- Department of Pharmacology, Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology & AHS, Uluberia, Howrah, 711316, West Bengal, India.
| | - Sahabaj Ali Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology & AHS, Uluberia, Howrah, 711316, West Bengal, India
| | - Amritangshu Maity
- Department of Pharmacology, Calcutta Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology & AHS, Uluberia, Howrah, 711316, West Bengal, India
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Zhang B, Deng L, Liu X, Hu Y, Wang W, Li M, Xu T, Pang L, Lv M. Transcranial direct current stimulation combined with swimming exercise improves the learning and memory abilities of vascular dementia rats by regulating microglia through miR-223-3p/PRMT8. Neurol Res 2024; 46:525-537. [PMID: 38563325 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2024.2337517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular dementia (VD) is the second most common type of dementia worldwide. Previous studies have proven that transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has potential applications in relieving cognitive impairment in VD animal models. The purpose of this study was to probe the mechanism by which tDCS combined with swimming exercise improves the learning and memory abilities of VD model rats. METHOD The VD rat model was induced using the permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2-VO) method; tDCS was applied to the rats and then they took part in swimming exercises. Rat memory, platform crossing time, and platform crossing frequency were analyzed via a water maze experiment. Nerve damage in the cortex and hippocampal CA1 area of the rats was observed using Nissl staining. Western blotting, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining and reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT - qPCR) were used to determine the expression of related proteins and genes. The levels of oxidative stress were detected by kits. RESULTS We demonstrated that VD model rats treated with tDCS combined with swimming exercise exhibited significant improvement in memory, and VD model rats exhibited significantly reduced neuronal loss in the hippocampus, and reduced microglial activation and M1 polarization. tDCS combined with swimming exercise protects VD model rats from oxidative stress through the miR-223-3p/protein arginine methyltransferase 8 (PRMT8) axis and inhibits the activation of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that tDCS combined with swimming exercise improved the learning and memory ability of VD model rats by regulating the expression of PRMT8 through miR-223-3p to affect microglial activation and M1 polarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxue Zhang
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Qujing No.1 Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Deng
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Qujing No.1 Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiaodan Liu
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Qujing No.1 Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Yao Hu
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Qujing No.1 Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Wenyi Wang
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Qujing No.1 Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Minghua Li
- Department of Neurology, Luoping County People's Hospital, Luoping, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting Xu
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Qujing No.1 Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Li Pang
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Qujing No.1 Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, China
| | - Meifen Lv
- Rehabilitation Medicine, Qujing No.1 Hospital, Qujing, Yunnan, China
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He JB, Zhang H, Zheng HX, Jia JX, Zhang YC, Yan XS, Li XX, Wei KW, Mao J, Chen H, Li J, Wang H, Zhang M, Zhao ZY. Effects of schisandrin B on hypoxia-related cognitive function and protein expression in vascular dementia rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2024; 87:421-427. [PMID: 38551405 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2024.2334247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VD) a heterogenous group of brain disorders in which cognitive impairment is attributable to vascular risk factors and cerebrovascular disease. A common phenomenon in VD is a dysfunctional cerebral regulatory mechanism associated with insufficient cerebral blood flow, ischemia and hypoxia. Under hypoxic conditions oxygen supply to the brain results in neuronal death leading to neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's (AD) and VD. In conditions of hypoxia and low oxygen perfusion, expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) increases under conditions of low oxygen and low perfusion associated with upregulation of expression of hypoxia-upregulated mitochondrial movement regulator (HUMMR), which promotes anterograde mitochondrial transport by binding with trafficking protein kinesin 2 (TRAK2). Schisandrin B (Sch B) an active component derived from Chinese herb Wuweizi prevented β-amyloid protein induced morphological alterations and cell death using a SH-SY5Y neuronal cells considered an AD model. It was thus of interest to determine whether Sch B might also alleviate VD using a rat bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) dementia model. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Sch B in BCAO on cognitive functions such as Morris water maze test and underlying mechanisms involving expression of HIF-1α, TRAK2, and HUMMR levels. The results showed that Sch B improved learning and memory function of rats with VD and exerted a protective effect on the hippocampus by inhibition of protein expression of HIF-1α, TRAK2, and HUMMR factors. Evidence indicates that Sch B may be considered as an alternative in VD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Bo He
- Department of Pharmacy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - He Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hong-Xia Zheng
- Faculty of Foreign Languages, Baotou Teachers' College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jian-Xin Jia
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yi-Chi Zhang
- Class15, Senior two, Baotou No.9 High School, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xu-Sheng Yan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Kai-Wen Wei
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jun Mao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jing Li
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
- Department of Anesthesia, The Fourth Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - He Wang
- School of Health Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Ming Zhang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Zhao
- Institute of Neuroscience, Department of Anatomy, Baotou Medical College, Inner Mongolia, China
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Chen W, Sun X, Han J, Wu X, Wang Q, Li M, Lei X, Wu Y, Li Z, Luo G, Wei M. Joint effect of abnormal systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) levels and diabetes on cognitive function and survival rate: A population-based study from the NHANES 2011-2014. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301300. [PMID: 38709763 PMCID: PMC11073711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the combination of abnormal systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) levels and hyperglycemia increased the risk of cognitive function decline and reduced survival rate in the United States. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2011-2014 and enrolled 1,447 participants aged 60 years or older. Restricted cubic splines (RCS), linear regression and kaplan-meier(KM) curve were employed to explore the combined effects of abnormal SII and hyperglycemia on cognitive function and survival rate, and subgroup analysis was also conducted. RESULTS The RCS analysis revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between lgSII levels and cognitive function. Linear regression analysis indicated that neither abnormal SII nor diabetes alone significantly contributed to the decline in cognitive function compared to participants with normal SII levels and blood glucose. However, when abnormal SII coexisted with diabetes (but not prediabetes), it resulted to a significant decline in cognitive function. After adjusting for various confounding factors, these results remained significant in Delayed Word Recall (β:-0.76, P<0.05) and Digit Symbol Substitution tests (β:-5.02, P<0.05). Nevertheless, these results showed marginal significance in Total Word Recall test as well as Animal Fluency test. Among all subgroup analyses performed, participants with both abnormal SII levels and diabetes exhibited the greatest decline in cognitive function compared to those with only diabetes. Furthermore, KM curve demonstrated that the combination of abnormal SII levels and diabetes decreased survival rate among participants. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that the impact of diabetes on cognitive function/survival rate is correlated with SII levels, indicating that their combination enhances predictive power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanying Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinyue Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jiaxin Han
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiaoyu Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qingfan Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xiangyu Lei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yixuan Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhiheng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guogang Luo
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi ’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
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Xia Y, Xu Z, Zhang Y, Jiang D, Zhu Y, Liang X, Sun R. Circulating cytokines and vascular dementia: A bi-directional Mendelian randomization study. Exp Gerontol 2024; 189:112394. [PMID: 38452989 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses are associated with the development of vascular dementia (VaD). Circulating cytokines modulate the inflammatory response and are important for the immune system. To further elucidate the role of the immune system in VaD, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) to comprehensively and bi-directionally assess the role of circulating cytokines in VaD. Using state-of-the-art genome-wide association studies, we primarily assessed whether different genetic levels of 41 circulating cytokines affect the risk of developing VaD and, in turn, whether the genetic risk of VaD affects these circulating cytokines. We used inverse variance weighting (IVW) and several other MR methods to assess the bidirectional causality between circulating cytokines and VaD, and performed sensitivity analyses. Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) was inversely associated with VaD risk [odds ratio (OR): 0.74, 95 % confidence interval (CI): 0.60-0.92, P = 0.007, 0.007]. VaD was associated with seven circulating cytokines: macrophage inflammatory protein 1b (MIP-1 beta) [OR: 1.05, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.08, P = 0.009], Interleukin-12p70 (IL-12) [OR: 1.04, 95 % CI: 1.00-1.08, P = 0.047], Interleukin-17 (IL-17) [OR: 1.04, 95 % CI: 1.00-1.07, P = 0.038], Interleukin-7 (IL-7) [OR: 1.07, 95 % CI: 1.02-1.12, P = 0.009], Interferon gamma (IFN-γ) [OR: 1.03, 95 % CI: 1.00-1.07, P = 0.046], Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF) [OR: 1.06, 95 % CI: 1.02-1.09, P = 0.001], Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) [P = 0.001], and Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) [P = 0.001]. Fibroblast growth factor basic (FGF-Basic) [OR: 1.04, 95 % CI: 1.01-1.08, P = 0.02] were positively correlated. Circulating cytokines are associated with VaD, and further studies are needed to determine whether they are effective targets for intervention to prevent or treat VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuge Xia
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Zhirui Xu
- Medical College of Acu-Moxi and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Yicong Zhang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Guang'anmen Hospital, Beijing 100055, China
| | - Dongli Jiang
- Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, China
| | - Yunyi Zhu
- Suzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China.
| | - Xiaolun Liang
- The Eighth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
| | - Rui Sun
- College of Acupuncture and Tuina, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China.
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Pei MQ, Xu LM, Yang YS, Chen WC, Chen XL, Fang YM, Lin S, He HF. Latest advances and clinical application prospects of resveratrol therapy for neurocognitive disorders. Brain Res 2024; 1830:148821. [PMID: 38401770 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.148821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
Neurocognitive disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, and postoperative cognitive dysfunction, are non-psychiatric brain syndromes in which a significant decline in cognitive function causes great trauma to the mental status of the patient. The lack of effective treatments for neurocognitive disorders imposes a considerable burden on society, including a substantial economic impact. Over the past few decades, the identification of resveratrol, a natural plant compound, has provided researchers with an opportunity to formulate novel strategies for the treatment of neurocognitive disorders. This is because resveratrol effectively protects the brain of those with neurocognitive disorders by targeting some mechanisms such as inflammation and oxidative stress. This article reviews the status of recent research investigating the use of resveratrol for the treatment of different neurocognitive disorders. By examining the possible mechanisms of action of resveratrol and the shared mechanisms of different neurocognitive disorders, treatments for neurocognitive disorders may be further clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Qin Pei
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Li-Ming Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu-Shen Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Wei-Can Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Xin-Li Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yu-Ming Fang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Shu Lin
- Center of Neurological and Metabolic Research, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China; Neuroendocrinology Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria St, Sydney, Australia.
| | - He-Fan He
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, No. 34 North Zhongshan Road, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
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15
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Wang Z, Han B, Qi J, Cao X, Gu H, Sun J. Chuanzhitongluo capsule improves cognitive impairment in mice with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Exp Gerontol 2024; 189:112407. [PMID: 38522309 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) has become a common disease-causing cognitive deficit in humans, second only to Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Chuanzhitongluo capsule (CZTL) is a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) preparation known for its effective protection against cerebral ischemia. However, its potential to ameliorate VCI remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the cognitive improvement effects of CZTL in a mouse model of VCI. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) was induced in mice by bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) to simulate the pathological changes associated with VCI. Spatial learning and memory abilities were assessed using the Morris Water Maze (MWM). RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was employed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hippocampus. Levels of inflammatory factors were measured through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while immunofluorescence (IF) determined the expression intensity of target proteins. Western Blot (WB) confirmed the final action pathway. Results indicated that CZTL significantly improved the spatial learning and memory abilities of CCH mice, along with alterations in gene expression profiles in the hippocampus. It also reduced neuroinflammation in the hippocampus and upregulated the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and α7 subunit-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR), which are in synaptic plasticity and neuronal development. Moreover, CZTL inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway. In conclusion, CZTL may alleviate neuroinflammation induced by CCH and improve cognitive impairment in CCH mice by regulating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAIP) involving ChAT/α7nAChR/NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Wang
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Jianjiao Qi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuelei Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Huali Gu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
| | - Jinping Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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16
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Wang Y, Xie D, Ma S, Shao N, Zhang X, Wang X. Exploring the common mechanism of vascular dementia and inflammatory bowel disease: a bioinformatics-based study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1347415. [PMID: 38736878 PMCID: PMC11084673 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Emerging evidence has shown that gut diseases can regulate the development and function of the immune, metabolic, and nervous systems through dynamic bidirectional communication on the brain-gut axis. However, the specific mechanism of intestinal diseases and vascular dementia (VD) remains unclear. We designed this study especially, to further clarify the connection between VD and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) from bioinformatics analyses. Methods We downloaded Gene expression profiles for VD (GSE122063) and IBD (GSE47908, GSE179285) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Then individual Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) was used to confirm the connection between the two diseases respectively. The common differentially expressed genes (coDEGs) were identified, and the STRING database together with Cytoscape software were used to construct protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and core functional modules. We identified the hub genes by using the Cytohubba plugin. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were applied to identify pathways of coDEGs and hub genes. Subsequently, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to identify the diagnostic ability of these hub genes, and a training dataset was used to verify the expression levels of the hub genes. An alternative single-sample gene set enrichment (ssGSEA) algorithm was used to analyze immune cell infiltration between coDEGs and immune cells. Finally, the correlation between hub genes and immune cells was analyzed. Results We screened 167 coDEGs. The main articles of coDEGs enrichment analysis focused on immune function. 8 shared hub genes were identified, including PTPRC, ITGB2, CYBB, IL1B, TLR2, CASP1, IL10RA, and BTK. The functional categories of hub genes enrichment analysis were mainly involved in the regulation of immune function and neuroinflammatory response. Compared to the healthy controls, abnormal infiltration of immune cells was found in VD and IBD. We also found the correlation between 8 shared hub genes and immune cells. Conclusions This study suggests that IBD may be a new risk factor for VD. The 8 hub genes may predict the IBD complicated with VD. Immune-related coDEGS may be related to their association, which requires further research to prove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Daojun Xie
- Encephalopathy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Shijia Ma
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Nan Shao
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xie Wang
- Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Lim YA, Tan LS, Lee WT, Sim WL, Lv Y, Takakuni M, Saito S, Ihara M, Arumugam TV, Chen C, Wong FWS, Dawe GS. Hope for vascular cognitive impairment: Ac-YVAD-cmk as a novel treatment against white matter rarefaction. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0299703. [PMID: 38630707 PMCID: PMC11023579 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second leading cause of dementia with limited treatment options, characterised by cerebral hypoperfusion-induced white matter rarefaction (WMR). Subcortical VCI is the most common form of VCI, but the underlying reasons for region susceptibility remain elusive. Recent studies employing the bilateral cortical artery stenosis (BCAS) method demonstrate that various inflammasomes regulate white matter injury and blood-brain barrier dysfunction but whether caspase-1 inhibition will be beneficial remains unclear. To address this, we performed BCAS on C57/BL6 mice to study the effects of Ac-YVAD-cmk, a caspase-1 inhibitor, on the subcortical and cortical regions. Cerebral blood flow (CBF), WMR, neuroinflammation and the expression of tight junction-related proteins associated with blood-brain barrier integrity were assessed 15 days post BCAS. We observed that Ac-YVAD-cmk restored CBF, attenuated BCAS-induced WMR and restored subcortical myelin expression. Within the subcortical region, BCAS activated the NLRP3/caspase-1/interleukin-1beta axis only within the subcortical region, which was attenuated by Ac-YVAD-cmk. Although we observed that BCAS induced significant increases in VCAM-1 expression in both brain regions that were attenuated with Ac-YVAD-cmk, only ZO-1 and occludin were observed to be significantly altered in the subcortical region. Here we show that caspase-1 may contribute to subcortical regional susceptibility in a mouse model of VCI. In addition, our results support further investigations into the potential of Ac-YVAD-cmk as a novel treatment strategy against subcortical VCI and other conditions exhibiting cerebral hypoperfusion-induced WMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-An Lim
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Si Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Thye Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Liang Sim
- Department of Physiology, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yang Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Maki Takakuni
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Saito
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ihara
- Department of Neurology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Christopher Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fred Wai-Shiu Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Gavin Stewart Dawe
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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18
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Stanca A, Carella MC, Basile P, Forleo C, Ciccone MM, Guaricci AI. Cardiomyopathies and Psychiatric Disorders: An Overview and General Clinical Recommendations. Cardiol Rev 2024:00045415-990000000-00245. [PMID: 38602404 DOI: 10.1097/crd.0000000000000693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The association between cardiomyopathies (CMPs) and psychiatric disorders is a complex and bidirectional phenomenon that involves multiple mechanisms and factors. CMPs may raise the risk of psychiatric disorders due to the psychological stress, physical limitations, social isolation, or poor prognosis associated with the underlying disease. Psychiatric disorders, on the other hand, can increase the possibility of developing or worsening CMPs due to the behavioral, neuroendocrine, inflammatory, or pharmacological effects of mental illness or its treatment. Moreover, some common genetic or environmental factors may have a relevant influence on both conditions. With this comprehensive review, we sought to provide an overview of the current evidence on the strict and intriguing interconnection between CMPs and psychiatric disorders, focusing on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical implications, and management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Stanca
- From the University Cardiology Unit, Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine (DIM), "Aldo Moro" University School of Medicine, AOUC Polyclinic of Bari, Bari, Italy
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19
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Morgan AE, Mc Auley MT. Vascular dementia: From pathobiology to emerging perspectives. Ageing Res Rev 2024; 96:102278. [PMID: 38513772 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2024.102278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most common type of dementia. VaD is synonymous with ageing, and its symptoms place a significant burden on the health and wellbeing of older people. Despite the identification of a substantial number of risk factors for VaD, the pathological mechanisms underpinning this disease remain to be fully elucidated. Consequently, a biogerontological imperative exists to highlight the modifiable lifestyle factors which can mitigate against the risk of developing VaD. This review will critically examine some of the factors which have been revealed to modulate VaD risk. The survey commences by providing an overview of the putative mechanisms which are associated with the pathobiology of VaD. Next, the factors which influence the risk of developing VaD are examined. Finally, emerging treatment avenues including epigenetics, the gut microbiome, and pro-longevity pharmaceuticals are discussed. By drawing this key evidence together, it is our hope that it can be used to inform future experimental investigations in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Elizabeth Morgan
- School of Health and Sports Sciences, Hope Park, Liverpool Hope University, Liverpool L16 9JD, United Kingdom.
| | - Mark Tomás Mc Auley
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford Manchester, Salford M5 4NT, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) is an all-encompassing term that describes cognitive impairment due to cerebrovascular origins. With the advancement of imaging and pathological studies, we now understand that VCID is often comorbid with Alzheimer disease. While researchers in the Alzheimer disease field have been working for years to establish and test blood-based biomarkers for Alzheimer disease diagnosis, prognosis, clinical therapy discovery, and early detection, blood-based biomarkers for VCID are in their infancy and also face challenges. VCID is heterogeneous, comprising many different pathological entities (ischemic, or hemorrhagic), and spatial and temporal differences (acute or chronic). This review highlights pathways that are aiding the search for sensitive and specific blood-based cerebrovascular dysfunction markers, describes promising candidates, and explains ongoing initiatives to discover blood-based VCID biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate E. Foley
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis IN, USA
| | - Donna M. Wilcock
- Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University, Indianapolis IN, USA
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis IN, USA
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Li J, Dong S, Quan S, Ding S, Zhou X, Yu Y, Wu Y, Huang W, Shi Q, Li Q. Nuciferine reduces inflammation induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury through the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 125:155312. [PMID: 38232541 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral ischemia has the characteristics of high incidence, mortality, and disability, which seriously damages people's health. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is the key pathological injury of this disease. However, there is a lack of drugs that can reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in clinical practice. At present, a few studies have provided some evidence that nuciferine can reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, but its specific mechanism of action is still unclear, and further research is still needed. OBJECTIVE In this study, PC12 cells and SD rats were used to construct OGD/R and MCAO/R models, respectively. Combined with bioinformatics methods and experimental verification methods, the purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic and comprehensive study on the effect and mechanism of nuciferine on reducing inflammation induced by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. RESULTS Nuciferine can improve the cell viability of PC12 cells induced by OGD/R, reduce apoptosis, and reduce the expression of inflammation-related proteins; it can also improve the cognitive and motor dysfunction of MCAO/R-induced rats by behavioral tests, reduce the area of cerebral infarction, reduce the release of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6 in serum and the expression of inflammation-related proteins in brain tissue. CONCLUSION Nuciferine can reduce the inflammatory level of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo and in vitro models by acting on the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway, and has the potential to be developed as a drug for the treatment of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuze Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shengli Quan
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuxian Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xuebin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ye Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yarong Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenhai Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiyuan Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Qin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, No. 182 of Tian mu shan Road, XiHU District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, China; Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Drug Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Peng Z, Ye QS, Li XJ, Zheng DY, Zhou Y, Hang CH, Wu JH, Li W, Zhuang Z. Novel perfluorocarbon-based oxygenation therapy alleviates Post-SAH hypoxic brain injury by inhibiting HIF-1α. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 214:173-183. [PMID: 38342163 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
In comparison to other stroke types, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is characterized by an early age of onset and often results in poor prognosis. The inadequate blood flow at the site of the lesion leads to localized oxygen deprivation, increased level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), and triggers inflammatory responses and oxidative stress, ultimately causing hypoxic brain damage. Despite the potential benefits of oxygen (O2) administration, there is currently a lack of efficient focal site O2 delivery following SAH. Conventional clinical O2 supply methods, such as transnasal oxygenation and hyperbaric oxygen therapy, do not show the ideal therapeutic effect in severe SAH patients. The perfluorocarbon oxygen carrier (PFOC) demonstrates efficacy in transporting O2 and responding to elevated levels of CO2 at the lesion site. Through cellular experiments, we determined that PFOC oxygenation serves as an effective therapeutic approach in inhibiting hypoxia. Furthermore, our animal experiments showed that PFOC oxygenation outperforms O2 breathing, leading to microglia phenotypic switching and the suppression of inflammatory response via the inhibition of HIF-1α. Therefore, as a new type of O2 therapy after SAH, PFOC oxygenation can effectively reduce hypoxic brain injury and improve neurological function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Peng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qing-Song Ye
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Jian Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - De-Yuan Zheng
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Hang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Hui Wu
- Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Zong Zhuang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Neurosurgical Institute, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
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Fan B, Zhang Y, Luo Q, Hao C, Liao W. Physical and social environmental enrichment alleviate ferroptosis and inflammation with inhibition of TLR4/MyD88/p38MAPK pathway in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion rats. Brain Res Bull 2024; 208:110897. [PMID: 38340777 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2024.110897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
A typical enriched environment (EE), which combines physical activity and social interaction, has been proven to mitigate cognitive impairment caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH). However, it remains unclear how the different components of EE promote cognitive recovery after CCH. This study stripped out the different components of EE into physical environmental enrichment (PE) and social environmental enrichment (SE), and compared the neuroprotective effects of PE, SE and typical EE (PSE) in CCH. The results of novel object recognition and Morris water maze tests showed that PE, SE, and PSE improved cognitive function in CCH rats. Additionally, Nissl and TUNEL staining revealed that three EEs reduced neuronal loss in the hippocampus. PSE exhibited superior neuroprotective and functional improvement effects compared to PE and SE, while there was no significant difference between PE and SE. Furthermore, three EEs reduced lipid peroxidation in the hippocampus with decreasing the levels of MDA and increasing the activities of SOD and GSH. The expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4 was increased, while the level of p53 was reduced in three EEs. This suggested that three EEs inhibited ferroptosis by maintaining the redox homeostasis in the hippocampus. Three EEs reduced the levels of IL-β, TNF-α, and IL-6, thereby inhibiting neuroinflammation. Additionally, Western blotting and immunofluorescence results indicated that three EEs also inhibited the TLR4/MyD88/p38MAPK signaling pathway. These findings collectively demonstrated that the three EEs alleviated hippocampal ferroptosis and neuroinflammation in CCH rats, thereby reducing neuronal loss, which might be associated with the inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/p38MAPK signaling pathway. Moreover, the study results supported that it is only through the combination of physical exercise and social interaction that the optimal neuroprotective effects can be achieved. These findings provided valuable insights for the prevention and treatment of vascular cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Fan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qihang Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Chizi Hao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Weijing Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Zhang D, Jia N, Hu Z, Keqing Z, Chenxi S, Chunying S, Chen C, Chen W, Hu Y, Ruan Z. Bioinformatics identification of potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for ischemic stroke and vascular dementia. Exp Gerontol 2024; 187:112374. [PMID: 38320734 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2024.112374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke and vascular dementia, as common cerebrovascular diseases, with the former causing irreversible neurological damage and the latter causing cognitive and memory impairment, are closely related and have long received widespread attention. Currently, the potential causative genes of these two diseases have yet to be investigated, and effective early diagnostic tools for the diseases have not yet emerged. In this study, we screened new potential biomarkers and analyzed new therapeutic targets for both diseases from the perspective of immune infiltration. Two gene expression profiles on ischemic stroke and vascular dementia were obtained from the NCBI GEO database, and key genes were identified by LASSO regression and SVM-RFE algorithms, and key genes were analyzed by GO and KEGG enrichment. The CIBERSORT algorithm was applied to the gene expression profile species of the two diseases to quantify the 24 subpopulations of immune cells. Moreover, logistic regression modeling analysis was applied to illustrate the stability of the key genes in the diagnosis. Finally, the key genes were validated using RT-PCR assay. A total of 105 intersecting DEGs genes were obtained in the 2 sets of GEO datasets, and bioinformatics functional analysis of the intersecting DEGs genes showed that GO was mainly involved in the purine ribonucleoside triphosphate metabolic process,respiratory chain complex,DNA-binding transcription factor binding and active transmembrane transporter activity. KEGG is mainly involved in the Oxidative phosphorylation, cAMP signaling pathway. The LASSO regression algorithm and SVM-RFE algorithm finally obtained three genes, GAS2L1, ARHGEF40 and PFKFB3, and the logistic regression prediction model determined that the three genes, GAS2L1 (AUC: 0.882), ARHGEF40 (AUC: 0.867) and PFKFB3 (AUC: 0.869), had good diagnostic performance. Meanwhile, the two disease core genes and immune infiltration were closely related, GAS2L1 and PFKFB3 had the highest positive correlation with macrophage M1 (p < 0.001) and the highest negative correlation with mast cell activation (p = 0.0017); ARHGEF40 had the highest positive correlation with macrophage M1 and B cells naive (p < 0.001), the highest negative correlation with B cell memory highest correlation (p = 0.0047). RT-PCR results showed that the relative mRNA expression levels of GAS2L1, ARHGEF40, and PFKFB3 were significantly elevated in the populations of both disease groups (p < 0.05). Immune infiltration-based models can be used to predict the diagnosis of patients with ischemic stroke and vascular dementia and provide a new perspective on the early diagnosis and treatment of both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Zhang
- Guangxi university of chinese medicine Nanning, China
| | - Ni Jia
- Shaanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Xianyang, China
| | - Zhihan Hu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai, China
| | - Zhou Keqing
- Guangxi university of chinese medicine Nanning, China
| | - Song Chenxi
- Guangxi university of chinese medicine Nanning, China
| | - Sun Chunying
- Guangxi university of chinese medicine Nanning, China
| | - Canrong Chen
- Guangxi university of chinese medicine Nanning, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Guangxi university of chinese medicine First Affiliated Hospital Nanning, China
| | - Yueqiang Hu
- Guangxi university of chinese medicine First Affiliated Hospital Nanning, China.
| | - Ziyun Ruan
- Guangxi university of chinese medicine Nanning, China
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25
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Gao X, Chen J, Yin G, Liu Y, Gu Z, Sun R, Sun X, Jiao X, Wang L, Wang N, Zhang Y, Kan Y, Bi X, Du B. Hyperforin ameliorates neuroinflammation and white matter lesions by regulating microglial VEGFR 2 /SRC pathway in vascular cognitive impairment mice. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14666. [PMID: 38468126 PMCID: PMC10927933 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
AIM To explore the neuroprotective potential of hyperforin and elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms involved in its therapeutic effects against vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). METHODS The active compounds and possible targets of Hypericum perforatum L. that may be effective against VCI were found by network pharmacology in this research. We utilized bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) surgery to induce a VCI mouse model. Morris water maze (MWM) and Y-maze tests were used to assess VCI mice's cognitive abilities following treatment with hyperforin. To evaluate white matter lesions (WMLs), we utilized Luxol fast blue (LFB) stain and immunofluorescence (IF). Neuroinflammation was assessed using IF, western blot (WB), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The effects of hyperforin on microglia were investigated by subjecting the BV2 microglial cell line to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) stimulation. The expressions of VEGFR2 , p-SRC, SRC, VEGFA, and inflammatory markers including IL-10, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 were subsequently assessed. RESULTS The VEGFR2 /SRC signaling pathway is essential for mediating the protective properties of hyperforin against VCI according to network pharmacology analysis. In vivo findings demonstrated that hyperforin effectively improved BCCAO-induced cognitive impairment. Furthermore, staining results showed that hyperforin attenuated WMLs and reduced microglial activation in VCI mice. The hyperforin treatment group's ELISA results revealed a substantial decrease in IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. According to the results of in vitro experiments, hyperforin decreased the release of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β) and blocked microglial M1-polarization by modulating the VEGFR2 /SRC signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Hyperforin effectively modulated microglial M1 polarization and neuroinflammation by inhibiting the VEGFR2 /SRC signaling pathways, thereby ameliorating WMLs and cognitive impairment in VCI mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jingjing Chen
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ge Yin
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanqun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Zhengsheng Gu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xu Sun
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xuehao Jiao
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Nuo Wang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Yanbo Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Yuting Kan
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaoying Bi
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Bingying Du
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai Changhai HospitalSecond Military Medical University/Naval Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
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26
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Liu Z, Cheng L, Zhang L, Shen C, Wei S, Wang L, Qiu Y, Li C, Xiong Y, Zhang X. Emerging role of mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles in vascular dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1329357. [PMID: 38389559 PMCID: PMC10881761 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1329357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Vascular dementia (VD) is a prevalent cognitive disorder among the elderly. Its pathological mechanism encompasses neuronal damage, synaptic dysfunction, vascular abnormalities, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress, among others. In recent years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have garnered significant attention as an emerging therapeutic strategy. Current research indicates that MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) play a pivotal role in both the diagnosis and treatment of VD. Thus, this article delves into the recent advancements of MSC-EVs in VD, discussing the mechanisms by which EVs influence the pathophysiological processes of VD. These mechanisms form the theoretical foundation for their neuroprotective effect in VD treatment. Additionally, the article highlights the potential applications of EVs in VD diagnosis. In conclusion, MSC-EVs present a promising innovative treatment strategy for VD. With rigorous research and ongoing innovation, this concept can transition into practical clinical treatment, providing more effective options for VD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziying Liu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Neurology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lushun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chunxiao Shen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shufei Wei
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yuemin Qiu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Chuan Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yinyi Xiong
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Department of Rehabilitation, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Jiujiang Clinical Precision Medicine Research Center, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
- Center for Cognitive Science and Transdisciplinary Studies, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China
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27
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Jiang WR, Zhou YM, Wu W, Yang LJ, Wu Y, Zhang XY, Yao ZH. A circRNA ceRNA network involved in cognitive dysfunction after chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:1161-1181. [PMID: 38231472 PMCID: PMC10866435 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Chronic Cerebral Hypoperfusion (CCH) is associated with cognitive dysfunction, the underlying mechanisms of which remain elusive, hindering the development of effective therapeutic approaches. In this study, we employed an established CCH animal model to delve into neuropathological alterations like oxidative stress, inflammation, neurotransmitter synthesis deficits, and other morphological alterations. Our findings revealed that while the number of neurons remained unchanged, there was a significant reduction in neuronal fibers post-CCH, as evidenced by microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) staining. Moreover, myelin basic protein (MBP) staining showed exacerbated demyelination of neuronal fibers. Furthermore, we observed increased neuroinflammation, proliferation, and activation of astrocytes and microglia, as well as synaptic loss and microglial-mediated synapse engulfment post-CCH. Utilizing RNA sequencing, differential expression analysis displayed alterations in both mRNAs and circRNAs. Following gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, both showed significant enrichment in immunological and inflammation-related terms and pathways. Importantly, the differentially expressed circular RNAs (DE circRNAs) exhibited a notable coexpression pattern with DE mRNAs. The ternary circRNA-miRNA-mRNA competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNA) network was constructed, and subsequent analysis reiterated the significance of neuroimmunological and neuroinflammatory dysfunction in CCH-induced neuropathological changes and cognitive dysfunction. This study underscores the potential role of circRNAs in these processes, suggesting them as promising therapeutic targets to mitigate the detrimental effects of CCH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Rong Jiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Yong-Ming Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Jie Yang
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - You Wu
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Yao
- Department of Geriatrics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Neurorestoratology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Alavez-Rubio JS, Juarez-Cedillo T. Microglia as a Possible Alternative Therapeutic for Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2024; 8:43-56. [PMID: 38229830 PMCID: PMC10789290 DOI: 10.3233/adr-230112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Dementia is a syndrome in which there is deterioration in memory, behavior, and the ability to perform everyday activities. Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia are the most common forms of dementia. There is evidence supporting the hypothesis that inflammatory and immune mechanisms are involved in dementia. Microglia, the resident macrophage tissues in the central nervous system, play a significant role in neuroinflammation and play an important role in amyloid-β clearance in the brain, and impaired microglial clearance of amyloid-β has also been shown to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, there is also abundant evidence that microglia have harmful actions in dementia. Once activated, they can mediate uptake at neuronal synapses. They can also exacerbate tau pathology and secrete deleterious inflammatory factors that can directly or indirectly damage neurons. Thus, depending on the stage of the disease, microglia can act both protectively and detrimentally. Therefore, it is still necessary to continue with studies to better understand the role of microglia in the pathology of dementia. Currently available drugs can only improve cognitive symptoms, have no impact on progression and are not curative, so identifying and studying new therapeutic approaches is important. Considering the role played by microglia in this pathology, it has been pointed out as a possible therapeutic approach. This manuscript aims to address the relationship between microglia and dementia and how this relationship could be used for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Teresa Juarez-Cedillo
- Unidad de Investigación Epidemiológica y en Servicios de Salud, Área de Envejecimiento, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico
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Chen CA, Li CX, Zhang ZH, Xu WX, Liu SL, Ni WC, Wang XQ, Cheng FF, Wang QG. Qinzhizhudan formula dampens inflammation in microglia polarization of vascular dementia rats by blocking MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway: Through integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116769. [PMID: 37400007 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Qinzhizhudan Formula (QZZD) is composed of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi (Huang Qin) extract, Gardenia jasminoides (Zhizi) extract and Suis Fellis Pulvis (Zhudanfen) (ratio of 4:5:6). This formula is optimized from Qingkailing (QKL) injection. Regarding brain injury, QZZD is protective. However, the mechanism by which QZZD treats vascular dementia (VD) has not been elucidated. AIM OF THE STUDY To ascertain QZZD's effect on the treatment of VD and further investigate the molecular mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we screened the possible components and targets of QZZD against VD and microglia polarization using network pharmacology (NP), then an animal model of bilateral common carotid artery ligation method (2VO) was induced. Afterward, The Morris water maze was employed to evaluate cognitive ability, and pathological alterations in the CA1 area of the hippocampus were detected using HE and Nissl staining. To confirm the affect of QZZD on VD and its molecular mechanism, the contents of inflammatory factors IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-10 were performed to detect by ELISA, the phenotype polarization of microglia cells was detected by immunofluorescence staining, and the expressions of MyD88, p-IκBα and p-NF-κB p65 in brain tissue were detected by western blot. RESULTS A total of 112 active compounds and 363 common targets of QZZD, microglia polarization, and VD were identified, according to the NP analysis. 38 hub targets were screened out from the PPI network. GO analysis and KEGG pathway analysis showed that QZZD may regulate microglia polarization through anti-inflammatory mechanism such as Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and NF-κB signaling pathway. The further results showed that QZZD can alleviate the memory impairment induced by 2VO. QZZD profoundly rescued brain hippocampus neuronal damage and increased the number of neurons. These advantageous outcomes were linked to the control of microglia polarization. QZZD decreased M1 phenotypic marker expression while increasing M2 phenotypic marker expression. QZZD may controll the polarization of the M1 microglia by blocking the core part of Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, that is the MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, which reduced the neurotoxic effects of the microglia. CONCLUSION Here, we explored the anti-VD microglial polarization characteristic of QZZD for the first time and clarified its mechanisms. These findings will provide valuable clues for the discovery of anti-VD agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Ai Chen
- Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Chang-Xiang Li
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Ze-Han Zhang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Wen-Xiu Xu
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Shu-Ling Liu
- Dongzhimen Hospital Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China; Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Wen-Chao Ni
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Xue-Qian Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Fa-Feng Cheng
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Qing-Guo Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Batista AF, Khan KA, Papavergi MT, Lemere CA. The Importance of Complement-Mediated Immune Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:817. [PMID: 38255891 PMCID: PMC10815224 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
As an essential component of our innate immune system, the complement system is responsible for our defense against pathogens. The complement cascade has complex roles in the central nervous system (CNS), most of what we know about it stems from its role in brain development. However, in recent years, numerous reports have implicated the classical complement cascade in both brain development and decline. More specifically, complement dysfunction has been implicated in neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is the most common form of dementia. Synapse loss is one of the main pathological hallmarks of AD and correlates with memory impairment. Throughout the course of AD progression, synapses are tagged with complement proteins and are consequently removed by microglia that express complement receptors. Notably, astrocytes are also capable of secreting signals that induce the expression of complement proteins in the CNS. Both astrocytes and microglia are implicated in neuroinflammation, another hallmark of AD pathogenesis. In this review, we provide an overview of previously known and newly established roles for the complement cascade in the CNS and we explore how complement interactions with microglia, astrocytes, and other risk factors such as TREM2 and ApoE4 modulate the processes of neurodegeneration in both amyloid and tau models of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- André F. Batista
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.F.B.); (K.A.K.); (M.-T.P.)
| | - Khyrul A. Khan
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.F.B.); (K.A.K.); (M.-T.P.)
| | - Maria-Tzousi Papavergi
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.F.B.); (K.A.K.); (M.-T.P.)
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Cynthia A. Lemere
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.F.B.); (K.A.K.); (M.-T.P.)
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Li X, Chen S, Zheng G, Yang Y, Yin N, Niu X, Yao L, Lv P. Atorvastatin Calcium Ameliorates Cognitive Deficits Through the AMPK/Mtor Pathway in Rats with Vascular Dementia. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2024; 27:148-156. [PMID: 37282650 DOI: 10.2174/1386207326666230606114448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM In this study, the protective effects of atorvastatin calcium (AC) on nerve cells and cognitive improvement in vivo and in vitro were investigated by establishing cell models and vascular dementia (VD) rat models. BACKGROUND VD is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive deficits caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion. AC has been studied for its potential to cure VD but its efficacy and underlying mechanism are still unclear. OBJECTIVE The mechanism of action of AC on cognitive deficits in the early stages of VD is unclear. Here, the 2-vessel occlusion (2-VO) model in vivo and the hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) cell model in vitro was established to investigate the function of AC in VD. METHODS The spatial learning and memory abilities of rats were detected by the Morris method. The IL-6, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in cell supernatant was tested by ELISA kits. After behavioural experiments, rats were anaesthetized and sacrificed, and their brains were extracted. One part was immediately fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde for H&E, Nissl, and immunohistochemical analyses, and the other was stored in liquid nitrogen. All data were shown as mean ± SD. Statistical comparison between the two groups was performed by Student's t-test. A two-way ANOVA test using GraphPad Prism 7 was applied for escape latency analysis and the swimming speed test. The difference was considered statistically significant at p < 0.05. RESULTS AC decreased apoptosis, increased autophagy, and alleviated oxidative stress in primary hippocampal neurons. AC regulated autophagy-related proteins in vitro by western blotting. VD mice improved cognitively in the Morris water maze. Spatial probing tests showed that VD animals administered AC had considerably longer swimming times to the platform than VD rats. H&E and Nissl staining showed that AC reduces neuronal damage in VD rats. Western blot and qRT-PCR indicated that AC in VD rats inhibited Bax and promoted LC3-II, Beclin-1, and Bcl-2 in the hippocampus region. AC also improves cognition via the AMPK/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION This study found that AC may relieve learning and memory deficits as well as neuronal damage in VD rats by changing the expression of apoptosis/autophagy-related genes and activating the AMPK/mTOR signalling pathway in neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqin Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Shaopeng Chen
- Department of Preventive Health, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Guiming Zheng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Department of Gynecology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Nan Yin
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Xiaoli Niu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Lixia Yao
- Department of Geriatrics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
| | - Peiyuan Lv
- Department of Neurology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050017, China
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, China
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Wu DP, Wei YS, Du YX, Liu LL, Yan QQ, Zhao YD, Yu C, Liu JY, Zhong ZG, Huang JL. Ameliorative Role of Mitochondrial Therapy in Cognitive Function of Vascular Dementia Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:1381-1392. [PMID: 38250768 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mitochondrial dysfunction plays a vital role in the progression of vascular dementia (VaD). We hypothesized that transfer of exogenous mitochondria might be a beneficial strategy for VaD treatment. OBJECTIVE The study was aimed to investigate the role of mitochondrial therapy in cognitive function of VaD. METHODS The activity and integrity of isolated mitochondria were detected using MitoTracker and Janus Green B staining assays. After VaD mice were intravenously injected with exogenous mitochondria, Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests were used to detect cognitive function of VaD mice. Haematoxylin and eosin, Nissl, TUNEL, and Golgi staining assays were utilized to measure neuronal and synaptic injury in the hippocampus of VaD mice. Detection kits were performed to detect mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨ), SOD activity and the levels of ATP, ROS, and MDA in the brains of VaD mice. RESULTS The results showed that isolated mitochondria were intact and active. Mitochondrial therapy could ameliorate cognitive performance of VaD mice. Additionally, mitochondrial administration could attenuate hippocampal neuronal and synaptic injury, improve mitochondrial ΔΨ, ATP level and SOD activity, and reduce ROS and MDA levels in the brains of VaD mice. CONCLUSIONS The study reports profitable effect of mitochondrial therapy against cognitive impairment of VaD, making mitochondrial treatment become a promising therapeutic strategy for VaD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deng-Pan Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Xuzhou Ruihu Health Management Consulting Co., Ltd, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan-Su Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu-Xuan Du
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ling-Ling Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiu-Qing Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuan-Dan Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Yu
- School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin-Yuan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Zhong
- Scientific Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jin-Lan Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacy School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Xuzhou Ruihu Health Management Consulting Co., Ltd, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Ning Z, Zhong X, Wu Y, Wang Y, Hu D, Wang K, Deng M. β-asarone improves cognitive impairment and alleviates autophagy in mice with vascular dementia via the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 123:155215. [PMID: 38039902 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular dementia (VD) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer's disease. β-asarone, a major component of Acorus tatarinowii Schott, is important in neurodegenerative and neurovascular diseases. Studies have confirmed that β-asarone can mitigate autophagy and reduce damage in hypoxic cells. We also reported that β-asarone improves learning and memory. This study further clarifies whether β-asarone attenuates cerebral ischaemic injury by acting through the cAMP/PKA/CREB pathway in VD model mice. METHODS Here, genes and potential pathways that may be targeted by β-asarone for the treatment of transient cerebral ischaemia (TCI) and cognitive impairment (CI) were obtained using network pharmacology. The two-vessel occlusion method was used to establish the VD model. The Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the effects on memory. Then, the protein levels of mitofusin-2 (Mfn2), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), optic atrophy 1 (OPA1), cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), myelin basic protein (MBP), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and neuron specific enolase (NSE) were determined by ELISA. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were measured using commercial kits. Then, qRT-PCR was employed to investigate the expression of the candidate genes screened from the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. Furthermore, the expression of the autophagy-related proteins Beclin-1, (microtubule-associated protein light chain 3) LC3, p62, postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), protein kinase A (PKA), pPKA, cyclic-AMP response binding protein (CREB), and pCREB was determined by western blotting. The expression of autophagy-related proteins, PSD95 and translocase of outer mitochondrial membrane 20 (TOM20) was determined by immunofluorescence analyses. RESULTS The network pharmacological analysis showed 234 targets related to β-asarone, 1,118 genes related to TCI and 2,039 genes associated with CI. Our results confirm that β-asarone treatment not only alleviated brain damage in the VD model by improving mitochondrial and synaptic function, reducing neuronal injury and upregulating the expression of antioxidants but also effectively improved the cognitive behaviour of VD model mice. Moreover, β-asarone downregulated VD-induced RELA and CCND1 mRNA expression. In addition, we validated that β-asarone increased the phosphorylation of PKA and CREB and upregulated cAMP protein expression. The results showed that the cAMP/PKA/CREB signalling pathway was upregulated. Moreover, β-asarone administration decreased the protein expression levels of Beclin-1 and LC3 and increased the expression levels of p62 in VD model mice. CONCLUSIONS β-asarone inhibits Beclin-1-dependent autophagy and upregulates the cAMP/PKA/CREB signalling pathway to attenuate mitochondrial and synaptic damage from cerebral ischaemia and improve learning and cognitive abilities in VD model mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqiu Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome/ Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhong
- The First Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Yanan Wu
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yu Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Dafeng Hu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Kai Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Minzhen Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome/ Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China; The Second Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510120, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM, Guangzhou 510120, PR China.
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Kang J, Lee M, Park M, Lee J, Lee S, Park J, Koyanagi A, Smith L, Nehs CJ, Yon DK, Kim T. Slow gut transit increases the risk of Alzheimer's disease: An integrated study of the bi-national cohort in South Korea and Japan and Alzheimer's disease model mice. J Adv Res 2023:S2090-1232(23)00397-1. [PMID: 38097171 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although the association between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and constipation is controversial, its causality and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. OBJECTIVES To investigate the potential association between slow gut transit and AD using epidemiological data and a murine model. METHODS We conducted a bi-national cohort study in South Korea (discovery cohort, N=3,130,193) and Japan (validation cohort, N=4,379,285) during the pre-observation period to determine the previous diagnostic history (2009-2010) and the follow-up period (2011-2021). To evaluate the causality, we induced slow gut transit using loperamide in 5xFAD transgenic mice. Changes in amyloid-beta (Aβ) and other markers were examined using ELISA, qRT-PCR, RNA-seq, and behavioral tests. RESULTS Constipation was associated with an increased risk of AD in the discovery cohort (hazard ratio, 2.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.01-2.07) and the validation cohort (hazard ratio; 2.82; 95% CI, 2.61-3.05). We found that loperamide induced slower gut transit in 5xFAD mice, increased Aβ and microglia levels in the brain, increased transcription of genes related to norepinephrine secretion and immune responses, and decreased the transcription of defense against bacteria in the colonic tissue. CONCLUSION Impaired gut transit may contribute to AD pathogenesis via the gut-brain axis, thus suggesting a cyclical relationship between intestinal barrier disruption and Aβ accumulation in the brain. We propose that gut transit or motility may be a modifiable lifestyle factor in the prevention of AD, and further clinical investigations are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiseung Kang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Myeongcheol Lee
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Mincheol Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jibeom Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunjae Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyu Park
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lee Smith
- Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Christa J Nehs
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States; Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Dong Keon Yon
- Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tae Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
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Zinellu A, Tommasi S, Sedda S, Mangoni AA. Circulating arginine metabolites in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 92:102139. [PMID: 38007048 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.102139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in nitric oxide (NO) synthesis have been reported in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. However, as the measurement of NO in biological samples is analytically challenging, alternative, stable circulatory biomarkers of NO synthesis may be useful to unravel new pathophysiological mechanisms and treatment targets in dementia. METHODS We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the circulating concentrations of arginine metabolites linked to NO synthesis, arginine, citrulline, asymmetric (ADMA) and symmetric (SDMA) dimethylarginine, and ornithine, in Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. We searched for relevant studies in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to the 31st of May 2023. The JBI checklist and GRADE were used to assess the risk of bias and the certainty of evidence, respectively. RESULTS In 14 selected studies, there were no significant between-group differences in arginine and ornithine concentrations. By contrast, compared to controls, patients with dementia had significantly higher ADMA (standard mean difference, SMD=0.62, 95% CI 0.06-1.19, p = 0.029), SDMA (SMD=0.70, 95% CI 0.34-1.35, p<0.001), and citrulline concentrations (SMD=0.50, 95% CI 0.08-0.91, p = 0.018). In subgroup analysis, the effect size was significantly associated with treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors and/or antipsychotics for ADMA, and underlying disorder (Alzheimer's disease), study continent, and analytical method for citrulline. CONCLUSION Alterations in ADMA, SDMA, and citrulline, biomarkers of NO synthesis, may be useful to investigate the pathophysiology of different forms of dementia and identify novel therapeutic strategies. (PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023439528).
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Zinellu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sara Tommasi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Stefania Sedda
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Arduino A Mangoni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Flinders Medical Centre, Southern Adelaide Local Health Network, Adelaide, Australia; Discipline of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia.
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Lee M, Lim JS, Kim Y, Park SH, Lee SH, Kim C, Lee BC, Yu KH, Lee JJ, Oh MS. High ApoB/ApoA-I Ratio Predicts Post-Stroke Cognitive Impairment in Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients with Large Artery Atherosclerosis. Nutrients 2023; 15:4670. [PMID: 37960323 PMCID: PMC10648714 DOI: 10.3390/nu15214670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the association between the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio and post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) in patients with acute stroke of large artery atherosclerosis etiology. METHODS Prospective stroke registry data were used to consecutively enroll patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis. Cognitive function assessments were conducted 3 to 6 months after stroke. PSCI was defined as a z-score of less than -2 standard deviations from age, sex, and education-adjusted means in at least one cognitive domain. The ApoB/ApoA-I ratio was calculated, and patients were categorized into five groups according to quintiles of the ratio. Logistic regression analyses were performed to assess the association between quintiles of the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio and PSCI. RESULTS A total of 263 patients were included, with a mean age of 65.9 ± 11.6 years. The median NIHSS score and ApoB/ApoA-I ratio upon admission were 2 (IQR, 1-5) and 0.81 (IQR, 0.76-0.88), respectively. PSCI was observed in 91 (34.6%) patients. The highest quintile (Q5) of the ApoB/ApoA-I ratio was a significant predictor of PSCI compared to the lowest quintile (Q1) (adjusted OR, 3.16; 95% CI, 1.19-8.41; p-value = 0.021) after adjusting for relevant confounders. Patients in the Q5 group exhibited significantly worse performance in the frontal domain. CONCLUSIONS The ApoB/ApoA-I ratio in the acute stage of stroke independently predicted the development of PSCI at 3-6 months after stroke due to large artery atherosclerosis. Further, a high ApoB/ApoA-I ratio was specifically associated with frontal domain dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minwoo Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (M.L.); (B.-C.L.); (K.-H.Y.)
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jae-Sung Lim
- Department of Neurology, Asan Medical Center, Ulsan University College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yerim Kim
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 24252, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (S.H.P.)
| | - Soo Hyun Park
- Department of Neurology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul 24252, Republic of Korea; (Y.K.); (S.H.P.)
| | - Sang-Hwa Lee
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.L.); (C.K.)
| | - Chulho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea; (S.-H.L.); (C.K.)
| | - Byung-Chul Lee
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (M.L.); (B.-C.L.); (K.-H.Y.)
| | - Kyung-Ho Yu
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (M.L.); (B.-C.L.); (K.-H.Y.)
| | - Jae-Jun Lee
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea;
| | - Mi Sun Oh
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym Neurological Institute, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang 14068, Republic of Korea; (M.L.); (B.-C.L.); (K.-H.Y.)
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37
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Alotayk LI, Aldubayan MA, Alenezi SK, Anwar MJ, Alhowail AH. Comparative evaluation of doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, 5-fluorouracil, and cisplatin on cognitive dysfunction in rats: Delineating the role of inflammation of hippocampal neurons and hypothyroidism. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115245. [PMID: 37523981 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, fluorouracil, and cisplatin are commonly used to treat a variety of cancers and often result in chemobrain, which manifests as difficulties in learning and memory processes that can persist in the years following treatment. The current study aims to evaluate the cognitive function following treatment with these agents and the underlying mechanisms using a rat model of neuroinflammation and possible implication of thyroid toxicity in chemotherapy induced cognitive dysfunction. Wistar female rats were treated with a single dose of doxorubicin (DOX, 25 mg/kg), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU, 100 mg/kg), cisplatin (8 mg/kg), and cyclophosphamide (CYP, 200 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection. The cognitive performance of rats was then evaluated in spatial memory tasks using the Y-maze, novel object recognition (NOR), and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests. Serum levels of thyroid hormones (T3, T4, FT3, and FT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) were measured, followed by estimation of TNFα, IL-6, and IL-1β in the hippocampal tissue. Results revealed that all the chemotherapeutic agents produced impairment of cognitive function, and significant increase of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα, IL-6 and IL-1β in the hippocampal tissues. There was a significant reduction in thyroid hormones (T3, FT3, and T4) and an increase in thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) in serum, which may also have contributed to the decline in cognitive function. In conclusion, DOX, 5-FU, CYP, and cisplatin produces impairment of spatial memory possibly by inflammation of hippocampal neurons and endocrine disruption (hypothyroidism) in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamis I Alotayk
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha A Aldubayan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sattam K Alenezi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Jamir Anwar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad H Alhowail
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia.
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Ribeiro H, Alves R, Jorge J, Gonçalves AC, Sarmento-Ribeiro AB, Teixeira-Veríssimo M, Andrade JP, Dourado M. Monocytes in the Characterization of Pain in Palliative Patients with Severe Dementia-A Pilot Study. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10723. [PMID: 37445910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In assessing and managing pain, when obtaining a self-report is impossible, therapeutic decision-making becomes more challenging. This study aimed to investigate whether monocytes and some membrane monocyte proteins, identified as a cluster of differentiation (CD), could be potential non-invasive peripheral biomarkers in identifying and characterizing pain in patients with severe dementia. We used 53 blood samples from non-oncological palliative patients, 44 patients with pain (38 of whom had dementia) and 0 without pain or dementia (controls). We evaluated the levels of monocytes and their subtypes, including classic, intermediate, and non-classic, and characterized the levels of specific phenotypic markers, namely CD11c, CD86, CD163, and CD206. We found that the relative concentrations of monocytes, particularly the percentage of classic monocytes, may be a helpful pain biomarker. Furthermore, the CD11c expression levels were significantly higher in patients with mixed pain, while CD163 and CD206 expression levels were significantly higher in patients with nociceptive pain. These findings suggest that the levels of monocytes, particularly the classic subtype, and their phenotype markers CD11c, CD163, and CD206 could serve as pain biomarkers in patients with severe dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hugo Ribeiro
- Community Support Team in Palliative Care-Group of Health Centers Gaia, 4400-043 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University do Porto, 4200-219 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)-Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Raquel Alves
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)-Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Joana Jorge
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)-Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Cristina Gonçalves
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)-Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Bela Sarmento-Ribeiro
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)-Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Oncobiology and Hematology (LOH), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, University Clinics of Hematology and Oncology, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Hematology Service, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuel Teixeira-Veríssimo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Hematology Service, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - José Paulo Andrade
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-219 Porto, Portugal
- Unit of Anatomy, Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-219 Porto, Portugal
| | - Marília Dourado
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR)-Group of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), FMUC, 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), 3004-304 Coimbra, Portugal
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Xu X, Liu XQ, Liu XL, Wang X, Zhang WD, Huang XF, Jia FY, Kong P, Han M. SM22α Deletion Contributes to Neurocognitive Impairment in Mice through Modulating Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotypes. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087117. [PMID: 37108281 PMCID: PMC10138350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Considerable evidence now indicates that cognitive impairment is primarily a vascular disorder. The depletion of smooth muscle 22 alpha (SM22α) contributes to vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) switching from contractile to synthetic and proinflammatory phenotypes in the context of inflammation. However, the role of VSMCs in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment remains undetermined. Herein, we showed a possible link between VSMC phenotypic switching and neurodegenerative diseases via the integration of multi-omics data. SM22α knockout (Sm22α-/-) mice exhibited obvious cognitive impairment and cerebral pathological changes, which were visibly ameliorated by the administration of AAV-SM22α. Finally, we confirmed that SM22α disruption promotes the expression of SRY-related HMG-box gene 10 (Sox10) in VSMCs, thereby aggravating the systemic vascular inflammatory response and ultimately leading to cognitive impairment in the brain. Therefore, this study supports the idea of VSMCs and SM22α as promising therapeutic targets in cognitive impairment to improve memory and cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xin-Long Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Wen-Di Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Xiao-Fu Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Fang-Yue Jia
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Peng Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
| | - Mei Han
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Neural and Vascular Biology of Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China
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40
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Schliep KC, Shaaban CE, Meeks H, Fraser A, Smith KR, Majersik JJ, Foster NL, Wactawski‐Wende J, Østbye T, Tschanz J, Padbury JF, Sharma S, Zhang Y, Facelli JC, Abdelrahman CS, Theilen L, Varner MW. Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and subsequent risk of Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. ALZHEIMER'S & DEMENTIA (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 15:e12443. [PMID: 37223334 PMCID: PMC10201212 DOI: 10.1002/dad2.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Women with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Whether HDP is also associated with later-life dementia has not been fully explored. Methods Using the Utah Population Database, we performed an 80-year retrospective cohort study of 59,668 parous women. Results Women with, versus without, HDP, had a 1.37 higher risk of all-cause dementia (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26, 1.50) after adjustment for maternal age at index birth, birth year, and parity. HDP was associated with a 1.64 higher risk of vascular dementia (95% CI: 1.19, 2.26) and 1.49 higher risk of other dementia (95% CI: 1.34, 1.65) but not Alzheimer's disease dementia (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.87, 1.24). Gestational hypertension and preeclampsia/eclampsia showed similar increased dementia risk. Nine mid-life cardiometabolic and mental health conditions explained 61% of HDP's effect on subsequent dementia risk. Discussion Improved HDP and mid-life care could reduce the risk of dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen C. Schliep
- Department of Family and Preventative MedicineUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - C. Elizabeth Shaaban
- Department of EpidemiologySchool of Public HealthUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Huong Meeks
- Department of Population SciencesHuntsman Cancer InstituteSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Alison Fraser
- Department of Population SciencesHuntsman Cancer InstituteSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Ken R. Smith
- Department of Family and Consumer StudiesUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | | | | | - Jean Wactawski‐Wende
- Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, School of Public Health and Health ProfessionsUniversity at BuffaloThe State University of New YorkBuffaloNew YorkUSA
| | - Truls Østbye
- Community and Family Medicine and Community HealthNursing and Global HealthDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - JoAnn Tschanz
- Department of PsychologyUtah State UniversityLoganUtahUSA
| | - James F. Padbury
- Department of PediatricsUniversity of California San Francisco School of MedicineSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Surrendra Sharma
- Department of PediatricsWomen & Infants HospitalAlpert Medical School of Brown UniversityProvidenceRhode IslandUSA
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Julio C. Facelli
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsUniversity of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - C. Samir Abdelrahman
- Department of Biomedical InformaticsUniversity of Utah HealthSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Lauren Theilen
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
| | - Michael W. Varner
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of UtahSalt Lake CityUtahUSA
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Zorkina Y, Abramova O, Ushakova V, Andreyuk D, Andriushchenko N, Pavlov K, Savilov V, Soloveva K, Kurmishev M, Syunyakov T, Karpenko O, Andryushchenko A, Gurina O, Kostyuk G, Morozova A. Inflammatory biomarkers and lipid metabolism parameters in women with mild cognitive impairment and dementia. Women Health 2023; 63:285-295. [PMID: 36882933 DOI: 10.1080/03630242.2023.2185750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
The detection of specific markers of dementia and mild cognitive decline (MCI) could be the key to disease prevention and forehanded treatment. Female gender is one of the major risk factor for dementia. The aim of our study was to compare serum concentration of some factors related to lipid metabolism and the immune system in patients with MCI and dementia. The study was performed on women >65 years old: controls (n = 75), diagnosed with dementia (n = 73) and MCI (n = 142). Patients were evaluated using Mini-Mental State Examination, Clock Drawing Test and Montreal Cognitive Assessment scales in the period 2020-2021. The level of Apo A1 and HDL was significantly decreased in patients with dementia; the level of Apo A1 was also decreased in MCI. EGF, eotaxin-1, GRO-α, and IP-10 were elevated in patients with dementia compared to the controls. IL-8, MIP-1β, sCD40L, and TNF-α levels were decreased in MCI patients and increased in patients with dementia compared to the control. Serum VEGF levels were decreased in MCI and dementia patients in comparison with the control. We hypothesize that no single marker can indicate a neurodegenerative process. Future research should focus on identifying markers to determine possible diagnostic combinations that can reliably predict neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Zorkina
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Abramova
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valeria Ushakova
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Denis Andreyuk
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nika Andriushchenko
- Department of Biology, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Konstantin Pavlov
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Savilov
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kristina Soloveva
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marat Kurmishev
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Syunyakov
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Karpenko
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alisa Andryushchenko
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Gurina
- Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgiy Kostyuk
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Morozova
- Research Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Mental-Health Clinic No. 1 named after N.A. Alekseev, Moscow, Russia.,Department of Basic and Applied Neurobiology, V. Serbsky Federal Medical Research Centre of Psychiatry and Narcology, Moscow, Russia
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Traub J, Frey A, Störk S. Chronic Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Decline in Patients with Cardiac Disease: Evidence, Relevance, and Therapeutic Implications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020329. [PMID: 36836686 PMCID: PMC9962280 DOI: 10.3390/life13020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute and chronic cardiac disorders predispose to alterations in cognitive performance, ranging from mild cognitive impairment to overt dementia. Although this association is well-established, the factors inducing and accelerating cognitive decline beyond ageing and the intricate causal pathways and multilateral interdependencies involved remain poorly understood. Dysregulated and persistent inflammatory processes have been implicated as potentially causal mediators of the adverse consequences on brain function in patients with cardiac disease. Recent advances in positron emission tomography disclosed an enhanced level of neuroinflammation of cortical and subcortical brain regions as an important correlate of altered cognition in these patients. In preclinical and clinical investigations, the thereby involved domains and cell types of the brain are gradually better characterized. Microglia, resident myeloid cells of the central nervous system, appear to be of particular importance, as they are extremely sensitive to even subtle pathological alterations affecting their complex interplay with neighboring astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, infiltrating myeloid cells, and lymphocytes. Here, we review the current evidence linking cognitive impairment and chronic neuroinflammation in patients with various selected cardiac disorders including the aspect of chronic neuroinflammation as a potentially druggable target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Traub
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +4993120139216
| | - Anna Frey
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Störk
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University and University Hospital Würzburg, 97078 Würzburg, Germany
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43
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Sun T, Tan L, Liu M, Zeng L, Zhao K, Cai Z, Sun S, Li Z, Liu R. Tilianin improves cognition in a vascular dementia rodent model by targeting miR-193b-3p/CaM- and miR-152-3p/CaMKIIα-mediated inflammatory and apoptotic pathways. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1118808. [PMID: 37153565 PMCID: PMC10155197 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1118808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Although vascular dementia (VaD) is the second most prevalent form of dementia, there is currently a lack of effective treatments. Tilianin, isolated from the traditional drug Dracocephalum moldavica L., may protect against ischemic injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation via the CaMKII-related pathways but with weak affinity with the CaMKII molecule. microRNAs (miRNAs), functioning in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, may play a role in the pathological process of VaD via cognitive impairment, neuroinflammatory response, and neuronal dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the role of tilianin in VaD therapy and the underlying mechanism through which tilianin regulates CaMKII signaling pathways based on miRNA-associated transcriptional action. Methods Rats with 2-vessel occlusion (2VO), a standard model of VaD, were treated with tilianin, vehicle control, and target overexpression or downregulation. High-throughput sequencing, qRT-PCR, and western blot analyses were utilized to identify the downstream target genes and signaling pathways of tilianin involved in VaD. Results Our results showed that tilianin ameliorated cognitive deficits, neurodegeneration, and microglial and astrocytic activation in rats with 2VO. Subsequent high-throughput sequencing and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that tilianin increased the downregulated miR-193b-3p and miR-152-3p levels in the cortex and hippocampus of 2VO rats. Mechanistically, miR-193b-3p targeting CaM and miR-152-3p targeting CaMKIIα were identified to play a role in VaD-associated pathology, inhibiting the p38 MAPK/NF--κB p65 pathway and decreasing TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Further gain- and loss-of-function experiments for these key genes showed that tilianin-exerted cognitive improvement by activating the p38 MAPK/NF--κB p65 and Bcl-2/Bax/caspase-3/PARP pathways in the brain of 2VO rats was abolished by miR-193b-3p and miR-152-3p inhibition. Moreover, CaM and CaMKIIα overexpression eliminated the elevated effects of miR-193b-3p and miR-152-3p on tilianin's protection against ischemic injury through increased inflammatory reactions and apoptotic signaling. Discussion Together, these findings indicate that tilianin improves cognition by regulating the miR-193b-3p/CaM- and miR-152-3p/CaMKIIα-mediated inflammatory and apoptotic pathways, suggesting a potential small-molecule regulator of miRNA associated with inflammatory signaling for VaD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Rui Liu
- *Correspondence: Rui Liu, ; Zhuorong Li,
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44
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Zhang HM, Luo D, Chen R, Wang SH, Zhao YJ, Li JX, Zhou MF, Yu ZM, Zhang JL, Liang FX. Research progress on acupuncture treatment in central nervous system diseases based on NLRP3 inflammasome in animal models. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1118508. [PMID: 36925735 PMCID: PMC10011106 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1118508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system (CNS) disorders exhibit complex neurophysiological and pathological mechanisms, which seriously affect the quality of life in patients. Acupuncture, widely accepted as complementary and alternative medicine, has been proven to exert significant therapeutic effects on CNS diseases. As a part of the innate immune system, NLRP3 inflammasome contributes to the pathogenesis of CNS diseases via regulating neuroinflammation. To further explore the mechanisms of acupuncture regulating NLRP3 inflammasome in CNS diseases, our study focused on the effects of acupuncture on neuroinflammation and the NLRP3 inflammasome in vascular dementia, Alzheimer's disease, stroke, depression, and spinal cord injury. This study confirmed that the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome promotes the development of CNS diseases, and inhibiting the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is a potential key target for the treatment of CNS diseases. In addition, it is concluded that acupuncture alleviates neuroinflammation by inhibiting the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway, thereby improving the progression of CNS diseases, which provides a theoretical basis for acupuncture to attenuate neuroinflammation and improve CNS diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ming Zhang
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oncology, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Department of Respiratory, Wuhan No.1 Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shu-Han Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Juan Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Xiao Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Min-Feng Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhao-Min Yu
- Department of Oncology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun-Li Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng-Xia Liang
- College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Orthopedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Preventive Treatment by Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Wuhan, China
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Levin OS, Zakharov VV, Khacheva KK, Vladykin AL, Globenko AA. [Pathogenetic therapy of cognitive impairment: results of a multicenter placebo-controlled clinical trial of the efficacy and safety of Miladean]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2023; 123:60-68. [PMID: 37966441 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro202312310160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of the use of the drug Miladean in the treatment of patients with cognitive disorders (CDs) of vascular genesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS In during the double-blind multicenter prospective randomized placebo-controlled phase III clinical trial, 300 patients with CDs and chronic cerebral ischemia were randomized into 3 groups: group 1 (n=100) received Miladean (daily dose: memantine 10 mg + melatonin 6 mg), group 2 (n=101) - memantine (10 mg/day), group 3 - placebo (n=99) for 8 weeks. The dynamics of the overall score (the primary criterion of effectiveness) and the proportion of patients with improvement on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (ADAS-Cog), the dynamics of visual-spatial orientation disorders (Benton test), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scale) and the safety of therapy were evaluated. RESULTS Miladean demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of CDs: a statistically and clinically significant decrease in the overall score on the ADAS-Sod scale was shown (by 6.1 versus 4.7 and 3.5 points in the 2nd (p=0.009) and 3rd (p<0.05) groups) and an increase in the proportion of patients (96.9%) with clinically and statistically a significant improvement compared to the 2nd and 3rd groups (p=0.019 and p<0.001 respectively). Miladean significantly improved the performance in the Benton test (1.20±1.66 vs. 0.64±1.69 points in group 3, p=0.026) and sleep quality (84.7% of patients with CDs), compared to placebo (63.9%) and memantine (64.3%) (p=0.002 in both cases). Miladean was well tolerated, there were no cases of interaction with basic therapy drugs. CONCLUSION The combination of many different pathogenetic effects of Miladean suggests that it has the ability to slow down the rate of progression of CDs and stabilize the condition of patients. The unique combination of active substances in Miladean has been proven to be effective and safe in the treatment of patients with CDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- O S Levin
- Russian Medical Academy of Continuing Professional Education, Moscow, Russia
| | - V V Zakharov
- Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia
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Im H, Ju IG, Kim JH, Lee S, Oh MS. Trichosanthis Semen and Zingiberis Rhizoma Mixture Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Memory Dysfunction by Inhibiting Neuroinflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214015. [PMID: 36430493 PMCID: PMC9692726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation, a key pathological contributor to various neurodegenerative diseases, is mediated by microglial activation and subsequent secretion of inflammatory cytokines via the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Moreover, neuroinflammation leads to synaptic loss and memory impairment. This study investigated the inhibitory effects of PNP001, a mixture of Trichosanthis Semen and Zingiberis Rhizoma in a ratio of 3:1, on neuroinflammation and neurological deficits induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). For the in vitro study, PNP001 was administered in LPS-stimulated BV2 microglial cells, and reduced the pro-inflammatory mediators, such as nitric oxide, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and cyclooxygenase-2 by downregulating MAPK signaling. For the in vivo study, ICR mice were orally administered PNP001 for 18 consecutive days, and concurrently treated with LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p.) for 10 days, beginning on the 4th day of PNP001 administration. The remarkably decreased number of activated microglial cells and increased expression of pre- and post-synaptic proteins were observed more in the hippocampus of the PNP001 administered groups than in the LPS-treated group. Furthermore, daily PNP001 administration significantly attenuated long-term memory decline compared with the LPS-treated group. Our study demonstrated that PNP001 inhibits LPS-induced neuroinflammation and its associated memory dysfunction by alleviating microglial activation and synaptic loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeri Im
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - In Gyoung Ju
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Jin Hee Kim
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Seungmin Lee
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Myung Sook Oh
- Department of Integrated Drug Development and Natural Products, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Oriental Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy and Kyung Hee East-West Pharmaceutical Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-961-9436; Fax: +82-2-963-9436
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Andjelkovic AV, Keep RF, Wang MM. Molecular Mechanisms of Cerebrovascular Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137161. [PMID: 35806164 PMCID: PMC9266541 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anuska V. Andjelkovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Richard F. Keep
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Michael M. Wang
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Neurology Service, VA Ann Arbor Healthcare System, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
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