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Matheny CJ, Qadota H, Bailey AO, Valdebenito-Silva S, Oberhauser AF, Benian GM. The myosin chaperone UNC-45 has an important role in maintaining the structure and function of muscle sarcomeres during adult aging. Mol Biol Cell 2024; 35:ar98. [PMID: 38809582 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-12-0488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
C. elegans undergo age-dependent declines in muscle organization and function, similar to human sarcopenia. The chaperone UNC-45 is required to fold myosin heads after translation and is likely used for refolding after thermally- or chemically-induced unfolding. UNC-45's TPR region binds HSP-90 and its UCS domain binds myosin heads. We observe early onset sarcopenia when UNC-45 is reduced at the beginning of adulthood. There is sequential decline of HSP-90, UNC-45, and MHC B myosin. A mutation in age-1 delays sarcopenia and loss of HSP-90, UNC-45, and myosin. UNC-45 undergoes age-dependent phosphorylation, and mass spectrometry reveals phosphorylation of six serines and two threonines, seven of which occur in the UCS domain. Additional expression of UNC-45 results in maintenance of MHC B myosin and suppression of A-band disorganization in old animals. Our results suggest that increased expression or activity of UNC-45 might be a strategy for prevention or treatment of sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hiroshi Qadota
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
| | - Aaron O Bailey
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550
| | | | - Andres F Oberhauser
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77550
| | - Guy M Benian
- Department of Pathology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322
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2
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Revealing Pathways Associated with Feed Efficiency and Meat Quality Traits in Slow-Growing Chickens. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11102977. [PMID: 34679997 PMCID: PMC8532858 DOI: 10.3390/ani11102977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Korat is a new chicken breed with high-protein meat, low fat, and low purine content. However, the effects of improving the breed’s feed efficiency, which would enhance production, on meat quality are unknown. Hence, understanding the genetic architecture underlying feed efficiency and meat quality traits in chicken offers new opportunities toward genetic improvement. Through a weighted gene co-expression network analysis on Korat chickens, the presented results provide new information on the molecular pathways that play important roles in FE and meat quality that could help achieve the optimum feed efficiency while maintaining meat quality in Korat chickens. Abstract Here, molecular pathways and genes involved in the feed efficiency (FE) and thigh-meat quality of slow-growing Korat chickens were investigated. Individual feed intake values and body weights were collected weekly to the calculate feed conversion ratios (FCR) and residual feed intake. The biochemical composition and meat quality parameters were also measured. On the basis of extreme FCR values at 10 weeks of age, 9 and 12 birds from the high and the low FCR groups, respectively, were selected, and their transcriptomes were investigated using the 8 × 60 K Agilent chicken microarray. A weighted gene co-expression network analysis was performed to determine the correlations between co-expressed gene modules and FE, thigh-meat quality, or both. Groups of birds with different FE values also had different nucleotide, lipid, and protein contents in their thigh muscles. In total, 38 modules of co-expressed genes were identified, and 12 were correlated with FE and some meat quality traits. A functional analysis highlighted several enriched functions, such as biological processes, metabolic processes, nucleotide metabolism, and immune responses. Several molecular factors were involved in the interactions between FE and meat quality, including the assembly competence domain, baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5, cytochrome c oxidase assembly factor 3, and myosin light chain 9 genes.
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3
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Mi H, Liang S, Li Z, Yi S, Chen J, Li X, Li J. Effect of corn starch on the structure, physicochemical and gel properties of hairtail (
Trichiurus haumela
) myosin. Int J Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Mi
- College of Food Science and Technology Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic ProductsJinzhou Liaoning121013China
| | - Shangyun Liang
- College of Food Science and Technology Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic ProductsJinzhou Liaoning121013China
| | - Zhenghan Li
- College of Food Science and Technology Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic ProductsJinzhou Liaoning121013China
| | - Shumin Yi
- College of Food Science and Technology Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic ProductsJinzhou Liaoning121013China
| | - Jingxin Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic ProductsJinzhou Liaoning121013China
| | - Xuepeng Li
- College of Food Science and Technology Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic ProductsJinzhou Liaoning121013China
| | - Jianrong Li
- College of Food Science and Technology Bohai University Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National R&D Branch Center of Surimi and Surimi Products Processing Jinzhou Liaoning121013China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Storage Processing and Safety Control Technology for Fresh Agricultural and Aquatic ProductsJinzhou Liaoning121013China
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4
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Mutational Analysis of the Structure and Function of the Chaperoning Domain of UNC-45B. Biophys J 2020; 119:780-791. [PMID: 32755562 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
UNC-45B is a multidomain molecular chaperone that is essential for the proper folding and assembly of myosin into muscle thick filaments in vivo. It has previously been demonstrated that the UCS domain is responsible for the chaperone-like properties of the UNC-45B. To better understand the chaperoning function of the UCS domain of the UNC-45B chaperone, we engineered mutations designed to 1) disrupt chaperone-client interactions by removing and altering the structure of a putative client-interacting loop and 2) disrupt chaperone-client interactions by changing highly conserved residues in a putative client-binding groove. We tested the effect of these mutations by using a, to our knowledge, novel combination of complementary biophysical assays (circular dichroism, chaperone activity, and small-angle x-ray scattering) and in vivo tools (Caenorhabditis elegans sarcomere structure). Removing the putative client-binding loop altered the secondary structure of the UCS domain (by decreasing the α-helix content), leading to a significant change in its solution conformation and a reduced chaperoning function. Additionally, we found that mutating several conserved residues in the putative client-binding groove did not alter the UCS domain secondary structure or structural stability but reduced its chaperoning activity. In vivo, these groove mutations were found to significantly alter the structure and organization of C. elegans sarcomeres. Furthermore, we tested the effect of R805W, a mutation distant from the putative client-binding region, which in humans, has been known to cause congenital and infantile cataracts. Our in vivo data show that, to our surprise, the R805W mutation appeared to have the most drastic detrimental effect on the structure and organization of the worm sarcomeres, indicating a crucial role of R805 in UCS-client interactions. Hence, our experimental approach combining biophysical and biological tools facilitates the study of myosin-chaperone interactions in mechanistic detail.
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5
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Pimpale LG, Middelkoop TC, Mietke A, Grill SW. Cell lineage-dependent chiral actomyosin flows drive cellular rearrangements in early Caenorhabditis elegans development. eLife 2020; 9:54930. [PMID: 32644039 PMCID: PMC7394549 DOI: 10.7554/elife.54930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Proper positioning of cells is essential for many aspects of development. Daughter cell positions can be specified via orienting the cell division axis during cytokinesis. Rotatory actomyosin flows during division have been implied in specifying and reorienting the cell division axis, but how general such reorientation events are, and how they are controlled, remains unclear. We followed the first nine divisions of Caenorhabditis elegans embryo development and demonstrate that chiral counter-rotating flows arise systematically in early AB lineage, but not in early P/EMS lineage cell divisions. Combining our experiments with thin film active chiral fluid theory we identify a mechanism by which chiral counter-rotating actomyosin flows arise in the AB lineage only, and show that they drive lineage-specific spindle skew and cell reorientation events. In conclusion, our work sheds light on the physical processes that underlie chiral morphogenesis in early development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lokesh G Pimpale
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Biotechnology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Teije C Middelkoop
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Biotechnology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Mietke
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for the Physics of Complex Systems, Dresden, Germany.,Chair of Scientific Computing for Systems Biology, Faculty of Computer Science, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Center for Systems Biology Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Mathematics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, United States
| | - Stephan W Grill
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.,Biotechnology Center, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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6
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Gutiérrez-Guerrero YT, Ibarra-Laclette E, Martínez del Río C, Barrera-Redondo J, Rebollar EA, Ortega J, León-Paniagua L, Urrutia A, Aguirre-Planter E, Eguiarte LE. Genomic consequences of dietary diversification and parallel evolution due to nectarivory in leaf-nosed bats. Gigascience 2020; 9:giaa059. [PMID: 32510151 PMCID: PMC7276932 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giaa059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The New World leaf-nosed bats (Phyllostomids) exhibit a diverse spectrum of feeding habits and innovations in their nutrient acquisition and foraging mechanisms. However, the genomic signatures associated with their distinct diets are unknown. RESULTS We conducted a genomic comparative analysis to study the evolutionary dynamics related to dietary diversification and specialization. We sequenced, assembled, and annotated the genomes of five Phyllostomid species: one insect feeder (Macrotus waterhousii), one fruit feeder (Artibeus jamaicensis), and three nectar feeders from the Glossophaginae subfamily (Leptonycteris yerbabuenae, Leptonycteris nivalis, and Musonycteris harrisoni), also including the previously sequenced vampire Desmodus rotundus. Our phylogenomic analysis based on 22,388 gene families displayed differences in expansion and contraction events across the Phyllostomid lineages. Independently of diet, genes relevant for feeding strategies and food intake experienced multiple expansions and signatures of positive selection. We also found adaptation signatures associated with specialized diets: the vampire exhibited traits associated with a blood diet (i.e., coagulation mechanisms), whereas the nectarivore clade shares a group of positively selected genes involved in sugar, lipid, and iron metabolism. Interestingly, in fruit-nectar-feeding Phyllostomid and Pteropodids bats, we detected positive selection in two genes: AACS and ALKBH7, which are crucial in sugar and fat metabolism. Moreover, in these two proteins we found parallel amino acid substitutions in conserved positions exclusive to the tribe Glossophagini and to Pteropodids. CONCLUSIONS Our findings illuminate the genomic and molecular shifts associated with the evolution of nectarivory and shed light on how nectar-feeding bats can avoid the adverse effects of diets with high glucose content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yocelyn T Gutiérrez-Guerrero
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ibarra-Laclette
- Red de Estudios Moleculares Avanzados, Instituto de Ecología AC, 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | | | - Josué Barrera-Redondo
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Eria A Rebollar
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Jorge Ortega
- Departamento de Zoología, Laboratorio de Bioconservación y Manejo, Posgrado en Ciencias Quimicobiológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional-ENCB, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Livia León-Paniagua
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Araxi Urrutia
- Departamento de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Aguirre-Planter
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis E Eguiarte
- Departamento de Ecología Evolutiva, Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 Coyoacán, Mexico City, Mexico
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7
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A feline orthologue of the human MYH7 c.5647G>A (p.(Glu1883Lys)) variant causes hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in a Domestic Shorthair cat. Eur J Hum Genet 2019; 27:1724-1730. [PMID: 31164718 DOI: 10.1038/s41431-019-0431-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited human heart disease. The same disease has a high prevalence in cats, where it is also suspected to be inherited. More than 1500 variants in MYBPC3, MYH7 and other sarcomeric genes are associated with human HCM, while in cats, only two causative variants in MYBPC3 are currently known. Here, we describe an adult Domestic Shorthair cat with arterial thromboembolism and heart failure that was diagnosed with HCM on necropsy. Sequencing of the coding regions of MYBPC3 and MYH7 revealed 21 variants, of which the MYH7 c.5647G>A (p.(Glu1883Lys)) variant was further analysed, because its orthologous variant had already been reported in a human patient with HCM, but with limited causal evidence. This variant affects the highly conserved assembly competence domain, is predicted in silico to be damaging and was found only once in population databases. Recently, functional studies have confirmed its predicted damaging effect and a paralogous variant in MYH6 has been associated with cardiac disease in humans as well. This report of an orthologous variant in a cat with HCM and its absence in 200 additional cats provides further evidence for its disease-causing nature. As the first report of feline HCM caused by a variant in MYH7, this study also emphasises this gene as a candidate gene for future studies in cats and highlights the similarity between human and feline HCM.
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8
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Liu X, Salokas K, Tamene F, Jiu Y, Weldatsadik RG, Öhman T, Varjosalo M. An AP-MS- and BioID-compatible MAC-tag enables comprehensive mapping of protein interactions and subcellular localizations. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1188. [PMID: 29568061 PMCID: PMC5864832 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03523-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein-protein interactions govern almost all cellular functions. These complex networks of stable and transient associations can be mapped by affinity purification mass spectrometry (AP-MS) and complementary proximity-based labeling methods such as BioID. To exploit the advantages of both strategies, we here design and optimize an integrated approach combining AP-MS and BioID in a single construct, which we term MAC-tag. We systematically apply the MAC-tag approach to 18 subcellular and 3 sub-organelle localization markers, generating a molecular context database, which can be used to define a protein’s molecular location. In addition, we show that combining the AP-MS and BioID results makes it possible to obtain interaction distances within a protein complex. Taken together, our integrated strategy enables the comprehensive mapping of the physical and functional interactions of proteins, defining their molecular context and improving our understanding of the cellular interactome. AP-MS and BioID provide complementary insights into cellular protein interaction networks. To facilitate their combined use, the authors here present an AP-MS- and BioID-compatible affinity tag, enabling efficient determination of cellular protein locations and interaction distances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Liu
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Kari Salokas
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Fitsum Tamene
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Proteomics Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Yaming Jiu
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Rigbe G Weldatsadik
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Proteomics Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Tiina Öhman
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.,Proteomics Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - Markku Varjosalo
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland. .,Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland. .,Proteomics Unit, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00014, Finland.
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9
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Etard C, Armant O, Roostalu U, Gourain V, Ferg M, Strähle U. Loss of function of myosin chaperones triggers Hsf1-mediated transcriptional response in skeletal muscle cells. Genome Biol 2015; 16:267. [PMID: 26631063 PMCID: PMC4668643 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-015-0825-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations in myosin chaperones Unc45b and Hsp90aa1.1 as well as in the Unc45b-binding protein Smyd1b impair formation of myofibrils in skeletal muscle and lead to the accumulation of misfolded myosin. The concomitant transcriptional response involves up-regulation of the three genes encoding these proteins, as well as genes involved in muscle development. The transcriptional up-regulation of unc45b, hsp90aa1.1 and smyd1b is specific to zebrafish mutants with myosin folding defects, and is not triggered in other zebrafish myopathy models. Results By dissecting the promoter of unc45b, we identify a Heat shock factor 1 (Hsf1) binding element as a mediator of unc45b up-regulation in myofibers lacking myosin folding proteins. Loss-of-function of Hsf1 abolishes unc45b up-regulation in mutants with defects in myosin folding. Conclusions Taken together, our data show that skeletal muscle cells respond to defective myosin chaperones with a complex gene program and suggest that this response is mediated by Hsf1 activation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13059-015-0825-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christelle Etard
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Nord, PO box, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Olivier Armant
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Nord, PO box, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Urmas Roostalu
- Present address: Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Michael Smith Bldg, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Victor Gourain
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Nord, PO box, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Marco Ferg
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Nord, PO box, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Uwe Strähle
- Institute of Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Nord, PO box, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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10
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Bujalowski PJ, Nicholls P, Oberhauser AF. UNC-45B chaperone: the role of its domains in the interaction with the myosin motor domain. Biophys J 2015; 107:654-661. [PMID: 25099804 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2014] [Revised: 05/22/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The proper folding of many proteins can only be achieved by interaction with molecular chaperones. The molecular chaperone UNC-45B is required for the folding of striated muscle myosin II. However, the precise mechanism by which it contributes to proper folding of the myosin head remains unclear. UNC-45B contains three domains: an N-terminal TPR domain known to bind Hsp90, a Central domain of unknown function, and a C-terminal UCS domain known to interact with the myosin head. Here we used fluorescence titrations methods, dynamic light scattering, and single-molecule atomic force microscopy (AFM) unfolding/refolding techniques to study the interactions of the UCS and Central domains with the myosin motor domain. We found that both the UCS and the Central domains bind to the myosin motor domain. Our data show that the domains bind to distinct subsites on the myosin head, suggesting distinct roles in forming the myosin-UNC-45B complex. To determine the chaperone activity of the UCS and Central domains, we used two different methods: 1), prevention of misfolding using single-molecule AFM, and 2), prevention of aggregation using dynamic light scattering. Using the first method, we found that the UCS domain is sufficient to prevent misfolding of a titin mechanical reporter. Application of the second method showed that the UCS domain but not the Central domain prevents the thermal aggregation of the myosin motor domain. We conclude that while both the UCS and the Central domains bind the myosin head with high affinity, only the UCS domain displays chaperone activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Bujalowski
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Paul Nicholls
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Department of Biochemistry Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Andres F Oberhauser
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Sealy Center for Structural Biology and Molecular Biophysics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.
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11
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Bujalowski PJ, Oberhauser AF. Tracking unfolding and refolding reactions of single proteins using atomic force microscopy methods. Methods 2013; 60:151-60. [PMID: 23523554 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
During the last two decades single-molecule manipulation techniques such as atomic force microscopy (AFM) has risen to prominence through their unique capacity to provide fundamental information on the structure and function of biomolecules. Here we describe the use of single-molecule AFM to track protein unfolding and refolding pathways, enzymatic catalysis and the effects of osmolytes and chaperones on protein stability and folding. We will outline the principles of operation for two different AFM pulling techniques: length clamp and force-clamp and discuss prominent applications. We provide protocols for the construction of polyproteins which are amenable for AFM experiments, the preparation of different coverslips, choice and calibration of AFM cantilevers. We also discuss the selection criteria for AFM recordings, the calibration of AFM cantilevers, protein sample preparations and analysis of the obtained data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul J Bujalowski
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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12
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The myosin chaperone UNC-45 is organized in tandem modules to support myofilament formation in C. elegans. Cell 2013; 152:183-95. [PMID: 23332754 PMCID: PMC3549490 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2012.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Revised: 11/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The UCS (UNC-45/CRO1/She4) chaperones play an evolutionarily conserved role in promoting myosin-dependent processes, including cytokinesis, endocytosis, RNA transport, and muscle development. To investigate the protein machinery orchestrating myosin folding and assembly, we performed a comprehensive analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans UNC-45. Our structural and biochemical data demonstrate that UNC-45 forms linear protein chains that offer multiple binding sites for cooperating chaperones and client proteins. Accordingly, Hsp70 and Hsp90, which bind to the TPR domain of UNC-45, could act in concert and with defined periodicity on captured myosin molecules. In vivo analyses reveal the elongated canyon of the UCS domain as a myosin-binding site and show that multimeric UNC-45 chains support organization of sarcomeric repeats. In fact, expression of transgenes blocking UNC-45 chain formation induces dominant-negative defects in the sarcomere structure and function of wild-type worms. Together, these findings uncover a filament assembly factor that directly couples myosin folding with myofilament formation.
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13
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Kaiser CM, Bujalowski PJ, Ma L, Anderson J, Epstein HF, Oberhauser AF. Tracking UNC-45 chaperone-myosin interaction with a titin mechanical reporter. Biophys J 2012; 102:2212-9. [PMID: 22824286 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 03/01/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Myosins are molecular motors that convert chemical energy into mechanical work. Allosterically coupling ATP-binding, hydrolysis, and binding/dissociation to actin filaments requires precise and coordinated structural changes that are achieved by the structurally complex myosin motor domain. UNC-45, a member of the UNC-45/Cro1/She4p family of proteins, acts as a chaperone for myosin and is essential for proper folding and assembly of myosin into muscle thick filaments in vivo. The molecular mechanisms by which UNC-45 interacts with myosin to promote proper folding of the myosin head domain are not known. We have devised a novel approach, to our knowledge, to analyze the interaction of UNC-45 with the myosin motor domain at the single molecule level using atomic force microscopy. By chemically coupling a titin I27 polyprotein to the motor domain of myosin, we introduced a mechanical reporter. In addition, the polyprotein provided a specific attachment point and an unambiguous mechanical fingerprint, facilitating our atomic force microscopy measurements. This approach enabled us to study UNC-45-motor domain interactions. After mechanical unfolding, the motor domain interfered with refolding of the otherwise robust I27 modules, presumably by recruiting them into a misfolded state. In the presence of UNC-45, I27 folding was restored. Our single molecule approach enables the study of UNC-45 chaperone interactions with myosin and their consequences for motor domain folding and misfolding in mechanistic detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian M Kaiser
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, USA
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14
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Chen D, Li S, Singh R, Spinette S, Sedlmeier R, Epstein HF. Dual function of the UNC-45b chaperone with myosin and GATA4 in cardiac development. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:3893-903. [PMID: 22553207 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.106435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac development requires interplay between the regulation of gene expression and the assembly of functional sarcomeric proteins. We report that UNC-45b recessive loss-of-function mutations in C3H and C57BL/6 inbred mouse strains cause arrest of cardiac morphogenesis at the formation of right heart structures and failure of contractile function. Wild-type C3H and C57BL/6 embryos at the same stage, E9.5, form actively contracting right and left atria and ventricles. The known interactions of UNC-45b as a molecular chaperone are consistent with diminished accumulation of the sarcomeric myosins, but not their mRNAs, and the resulting decreased contraction of homozygous mutant embryonic hearts. The novel finding that GATA4 accumulation is similarly decreased at the protein but not mRNA levels is also consistent with the function of UNC-45b as a chaperone. The mRNAs of known downstream targets of GATA4 during secondary cardiac field development, the cardiogenic factors Hand1, Hand2 and Nkx-2.5, are also decreased, consistent with the reduced GATA4 protein accumulation. Direct binding studies show that the UNC-45b chaperone forms physical complexes with both the alpha and beta cardiac myosins and the cardiogenic transcription factor GATA4. Co-expression of UNC-45b with GATA4 led to enhanced transcription from GATA promoters in naïve cells. These novel results suggest that the heart-specific UNC-45b isoform functions as a molecular chaperone mediating contractile function of the sarcomere and gene expression in cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisi Chen
- Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, TX 77555-0641, USA
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15
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Mammen AL, Mahoney JA, St. Germain A, Badders N, Taylor JP, Rosen A, Spinette S. A novel conserved isoform of the ubiquitin ligase UFD2a/UBE4B is expressed exclusively in mature striated muscle cells. PLoS One 2011; 6:e28861. [PMID: 22174917 PMCID: PMC3235170 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Yeast Ufd2p was the first identified E4 multiubiquitin chain assembly factor. Its vertebrate homologues later referred to as UFD2a, UBE4B or E4B were also shown to have E3 ubiquitin ligase activity. UFD2a function in the brain has been well established in vivo, and in vitro studies have shown that its activity is essential for proper condensation and segregation of chromosomes during mitosis. Here we show that 2 alternative splice forms of UFD2a, UFD2a-7 and -7/7a, are expressed sequentially during myoblast differentiation of C2C12 cell cultures and during cardiotoxin-induced regeneration of skeletal muscle in mice. UFD2a-7 contains an alternate exon 7, and UFD2a-7/7a, the larger of the 2 isoforms, contains an additional novel exon 7a. Analysis of protein or mRNA expression in mice and zebrafish revealed that a similar pattern of isoform switching occurs during developmental myogenesis of cardiac and skeletal muscle. In vertebrates (humans, rodents, zebrafish), UFD2a-7/7a is expressed only in mature striated muscle. This unique tissue specificity is further validated by the conserved presence of 2 muscle-specific splicing regulatory motifs located in the 3' introns of exons 7 and 7a. UFD2a interacts with VCP/p97, an AAA-type ATPase implicated in processes whose functions appear to be regulated, in part, through their interaction with one or more of 15 previously identified cofactors. UFD2a-7/7a did not interact with VCP/p97 in yeast 2-hybrid experiments, which may allow the ATPase to bind cofactors that facilitate its muscle-specific functions. We conclude that the regulated expression of these UFD2a isoforms most likely imparts divergent functions that are important for myogenisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew L. Mammen
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - James A. Mahoney
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Amanda St. Germain
- Department of Biology, Rhode Island College, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
| | - Nisha Badders
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude's Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - J. Paul Taylor
- Department of Developmental Neurobiology, St. Jude's Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Antony Rosen
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sarah Spinette
- Department of Biology, Rhode Island College, Providence, Rhode Island, United States of America
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16
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Melkani GC, Bodmer R, Ocorr K, Bernstein SI. The UNC-45 chaperone is critical for establishing myosin-based myofibrillar organization and cardiac contractility in the Drosophila heart model. PLoS One 2011; 6:e22579. [PMID: 21799905 PMCID: PMC3143160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
UNC-45 is a UCS (UNC-45/CRO1/She4P) class chaperone necessary for myosin folding and/or accumulation, but its requirement for maintaining cardiac contractility has not been explored. Given the prevalence of myosin mutations in eliciting cardiomyopathy, chaperones like UNC-45 are likely to be equally critical in provoking or modulating myosin-associated cardiomyopathy. Here, we used the Drosophila heart model to examine its role in cardiac physiology, in conjunction with RNAi-mediated gene silencing specifically in the heart in vivo. Analysis of cardiac physiology was carried out using high-speed video recording in conjunction with movement analysis algorithms. unc-45 knockdown resulted in severely compromised cardiac function in adults as evidenced by prolonged diastolic and systolic intervals, and increased incidence of arrhythmias and extreme dilation; the latter was accompanied by a significant reduction in muscle contractility. Structural analysis showed reduced myofibrils, myofibrillar disarray, and greatly decreased cardiac myosin accumulation. Cardiac unc-45 silencing also dramatically reduced life-span. In contrast, third instar larval and young pupal hearts showed mild cardiac abnormalities, as severe cardiac defects only developed during metamorphosis. Furthermore, cardiac unc-45 silencing in the adult heart (after metamorphosis) led to less severe phenotypes. This suggests that UNC-45 is mostly required for myosin accumulation/folding during remodeling of the forming adult heart. The cardiac defects, myosin deficit and decreased life-span in flies upon heart-specific unc-45 knockdown were significantly rescued by UNC-45 over-expression. Our results are the first to demonstrate a cardiac-specific requirement of a chaperone in Drosophila, suggestive of a critical role of UNC-45 in cardiomyopathies, including those associated with unfolded proteins in the failing human heart. The dilated cardiomyopathy phenotype associated with UNC-45 deficiency is mimicked by myosin knockdown suggesting that UNC-45 plays a crucial role in stabilizing myosin and possibly preventing human cardiomyopathies associated with functional deficiencies of myosin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girish C. Melkani
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America
- Development and Aging Program, Sanford-Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Rolf Bodmer
- Development and Aging Program, Sanford-Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Karen Ocorr
- Development and Aging Program, Sanford-Burnham Institute for Medical Research, La Jolla, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SIB); (KO)
| | - Sanford I. Bernstein
- Department of Biology, Molecular Biology Institute and Heart Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, California, United States of America
- * E-mail: (SIB); (KO)
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17
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Lee CF, Melkani GC, Yu Q, Suggs JA, Kronert WA, Suzuki Y, Hipolito L, Price MG, Epstein HF, Bernstein SI. Drosophila UNC-45 accumulates in embryonic blastoderm and in muscles, and is essential for muscle myosin stability. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:699-705. [PMID: 21285246 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.078964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
UNC-45 is a chaperone that facilitates folding of myosin motor domains. We have used Drosophila melanogaster to investigate the role of UNC-45 in muscle development and function. Drosophila UNC-45 (dUNC-45) is expressed at all developmental stages. It colocalizes with non-muscle myosin in embryonic blastoderm of 2-hour-old embryos. At 14 hours, it accumulates most strongly in embryonic striated muscles, similarly to muscle myosin. dUNC-45 localizes to the Z-discs of sarcomeres in third instar larval body-wall muscles. We produced a dunc-45 mutant in which zygotic expression is disrupted. This results in nearly undetectable dUNC-45 levels in maturing embryos as well as late embryonic lethality. Muscle myosin accumulation is robust in dunc-45 mutant embryos at 14 hours. However, myosin is dramatically decreased in the body-wall muscles of 22-hour-old mutant embryos. Furthermore, electron microscopy showed only a few thick filaments and irregular thick-thin filament lattice spacing. The lethality, defective protein accumulation, and ultrastructural abnormalities are rescued with a wild-type dunc-45 transgene, indicating that the mutant phenotypes arise from the dUNC-45 deficiency. Overall, our data indicate that dUNC-45 is important for myosin accumulation and muscle function. Furthermore, our results suggest that dUNC-45 acts post-translationally for proper myosin folding and maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi F Lee
- Department of Biology and the Molecular Biology Institute, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA
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Goyal A, Takaine M, Simanis V, Nakano K. Dividing the spoils of growth and the cell cycle: The fission yeast as a model for the study of cytokinesis. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken) 2011; 68:69-88. [PMID: 21246752 PMCID: PMC3044818 DOI: 10.1002/cm.20500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 12/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cytokinesis is the final stage of the cell cycle, and ensures completion of both genome segregation and organelle distribution to the daughter cells. Cytokinesis requires the cell to solve a spatial problem (to divide in the correct place, orthogonally to the plane of chromosome segregation) and a temporal problem (to coordinate cytokinesis with mitosis). Defects in the spatiotemporal control of cytokinesis may cause cell death, or increase the risk of tumor formation [Fujiwara et al., 2005 (Fujiwara T, Bandi M, Nitta M, Ivanova EV, Bronson RT, Pellman D. 2005. Cytokinesis failure generating tetraploids promotes tumorigenesis in p53-null cells. Nature 437:1043–1047); reviewed by Ganem et al., 2007 (Ganem NJ, Storchova Z, Pellman D. 2007. Tetraploidy, aneuploidy and cancer. Curr Opin Genet Dev 17:157–162.)]. Asymmetric cytokinesis, which permits the generation of two daughter cells that differ in their shape, size and properties, is important both during development, and for cellular homeostasis in multicellular organisms [reviewed by Li, 2007 (Li R. 2007. Cytokinesis in development and disease: variations on a common theme. Cell Mol Life Sci 64:3044–3058)]. The principal focus of this review will be the mechanisms of cytokinesis in the mitotic cycle of the yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. This simple model has contributed significantly to our understanding of how the cell cycle is regulated, and serves as an excellent model for studying aspects of cytokinesis. Here we will discuss the state of our knowledge of how the contractile ring is assembled and disassembled, how it contracts, and what we know of the regulatory mechanisms that control these events and assure their coordination with chromosome segregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anupama Goyal
- EPFL SV ISREC UPSIMSV2.1830, Station 19, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Masak Takaine
- Structural Biosciences, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Tsukuba1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
| | - Viesturs Simanis
- EPFL SV ISREC UPSIMSV2.1830, Station 19, CH 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kentaro Nakano
- Structural Biosciences, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Tsukuba1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8577, Japan
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Campos Y, Qiu X, Zanoteli E, Moshiach S, Vergani N, Bongiovanni A, Harris AJ, d'Azzo A. Ozz-E3 ubiquitin ligase targets sarcomeric embryonic myosin heavy chain during muscle development. PLoS One 2010; 5:e9866. [PMID: 20352047 PMCID: PMC2844429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2009] [Accepted: 02/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle contractile proteins are expressed as a series of developmental isoforms that are in constant dynamic remodeling during embryogenesis, but how obsolete molecules are recognized and removed is not known. Ozz is a developmentally regulated protein that functions as the adaptor component of a RING-type ubiquitin ligase complex specific to striated muscle. Ozz(-/-) mutants exhibit defects in myofibrillogenesis and myofiber differentiation. Here we show that Ozz targets the rod portion of embryonic myosin heavy chain and preferentially recognizes the sarcomeric rather than the soluble pool of myosin. We present evidence that Ozz binding to the embryonic myosin isoform within sarcomeric thick filaments marks it for ubiquitination and proteolytic degradation, allowing its replacement with neonatal or adult isoforms. This unique function positions Ozz within a system that facilitates sarcomeric myosin remodeling during muscle maturation and regeneration. Our findings identify Ozz-E3 as the ubiquitin ligase complex that interacts with and regulates myosin within its fully assembled cytoskeletal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Campos
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Edmar Zanoteli
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Simon Moshiach
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Naja Vergani
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Antonella Bongiovanni
- Istituto di Biomedicina e di Immunologia Molecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Palermo, Italy
| | - A. John Harris
- Department of Physiology, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Alessandra d'Azzo
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, United States of America
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